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1
Rastelli, Stefano. "Neurolinguistics and second language teaching: A view from the crossroads." Second Language Research 34, no. 1 (December 15, 2016): 103–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658316681377.
Full textAbstract:
The topic of this article is the link between research on the neurocognition of the teaching–acquisition interface and research on second language teaching. This recent scientific enterprise investigates whether and how different aspects of second language instruction may change both the anatomy and the functioning of an adult learner’s brain even in a short period of time. In this article, I analyse how neurolinguists have operationalized three aspects specifically related to second language teaching: (1) learners’ proficiency; (2) the between-groups experimental design; (3) the implicit vs. explicit teaching dichotomy. I suggest that the degree of replicability of such neurolinguistics studies can be increased by adopting non-circular operational definitions. Such definitions should not be based on psycholinguistic or neurolinguistic metrics, but on standards that are commonly discussed in the literature on instructed second language acquisition, second language teaching, and assessment. Finally, I suggest that for future research neurolinguists should consider the advantages of welcoming on board more developmental linguists and teachers.
2
Elgort, Irina, and Anna Siyanova-Chanturia. "Interdisciplinary approaches to researching L2 lexical acquisition, processing, and use: An introduction to the special issue." Second Language Research 37, no. 2 (January 21, 2021): 189–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658320988050.
Full textAbstract:
Lexical knowledge is complex, multidimensional, and difficult to pin down to a set of defined components. The development, organization, and use of lexical knowledge in the first and additional languages are studied in a number of neighbouring disciplines beyond second language acquisition and applied linguistics, including psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, computational linguistics, and language education. In this introduction, we highlight how the five articles in this special issue hone our understanding of different aspects of second language (L2) lexical knowledge, its acquisition, and use by adopting innovative research design, methods, and approaches to data collection and analysis from these distinct but related disciplines, affording new theoretical and empirical insights.
3
Pavlenko, Aneta. "New approaches to concepts in bilingual memory." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2, no. 3 (December 1999): 209–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728999000322.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper, I argue that current approaches to modeling of concepts in bilingual memory privilege word representation at the expense of concept representation. I identify four problems with the study of concepts in bilingual memory: conflation of semantic and conceptual levels of representation; scarcity of methods targeting conceptual representation; assumption of the static nature of the conceptual store; and insufficient acknowledgment of linguistic and cultural specificity of concepts. Basing my arguments on recent developments in the fields of neurolinguistics, linguistics, psychology, linguistic anthropology, and second language acquisition, I suggest new approaches to the study of concepts in bilingualism, based on notions of concept comparability and concept encoding. Subsequently, I discuss various ways in which concepts could develop and interact with each other in bilingual memory and address possible individual, psycholinguistic, and sociolinguistic constraints on conceptual representation and interaction in bilingual memory.
4
Огнєва, Анастасія. "Revisiting Research on Grammatical Gender Acquisition by Russian-Speaking Children with Developmental Language Disorder." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2019.6.1.ogn.
Full textAbstract:
Although both Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) and grammatical gender acquisition have been the focus of scientific interest for decades, a few research has been conducted in order to explore how DLD Russian-speaking children acquire this linguistic category. One of the main reasons for this is the difficulty of recruiting DLD children as we still cannot reliably identify these children. Previous studies claim that typically developing children acquire grammatical gender at about 3-4 years of age, but have difficulties with neuter gender up to 6 years of age. This brief report aims at providing the theoretical background of a research in process. The review deals with the issue of grammatical gender acquisition by Russian-speaking children diagnosed with DLD. Specifically, this paper reviews i) the main findings of studies on gender acquisition in typically developing Russian-speaking children, ii) the outcomes of research on how Russian-speaking DLD children make use of grammatical gender.
References
Anderson, R.T. & Souto, S.M. (2005). The use of articles by monolingual Puerto Rican Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment. Applied Psycholinguistics, 26(4), 621-647.
Bedore, L. M., & Leonard, L. B. (2001). Grammatical morphology deficits in Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 44(4), 905–924
Bishop, D.V.M., Snowling M.J., Thompson, P. A., Greenhalgh Y., & The CATALISE Consortium. (2017): Phase 2 of CATALISE: a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study of problems with language development: Terminology. PLoS ONE, 11(7), 1-26.
Clahsen, H., Bartke, S. & Göllner S. (1997). Formal features in impaired grammars: A Comparison of English and German SLI children. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 10(2/3), 151-171.
Corbett, G. G. (1991). Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Гвоздев, А.Н. (1961). Формирование у ребенка грамматического строя русского языка. Москва: АПН РСФСР.
Jackson-Maldonado, D. & Maldonado, R. (2017). Grammaticality differences between Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment and their typically developing peers. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 52(6), 750-765.
Leonard, Laurence B. (2014). Children with Specific Language Impairment. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Mitrofanova, N., Rodina, Y., Urek, O. & Westergaard, M. (2018). Bilinguals’ Sensitivity to Grammatical Gender Cues in Russian: The Role of Cumulative Input, Proficiency, and Dominance. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01894
Orgassa, A., & Weerman, F. (2008). Dutch gender in specific language impairment and second language acquisition. Second Language Research, 24(3), 333–364.
Popova, M. I. (1973). Grammatical elements of language in the speech of pre-preschool children. In Studies of child language development, (pp. 269–80). C. A. Ferguson & D. I. Slobin (eds). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Rakhlin, N., Kornilov, S., & Grigorenko, E. (2014). Gender and agreement processing in children with Developmental Language Disorder. Journal of Child Language, 41(2), 241–274.
Rodina, Y. (2008). Semantics and morphology: The acquisition of grammatical gender in Russian. Doctoral thesis. Tromso: University of Tromso. Retrieved from: https://munin.uit.no/handle/ 10037/2247.
Rodina, Y. & Westeergard M. (2012). A cue-based approach to the acquisition of grammatical gender in Russian. Journal of Child Language, 39(5), 1077-1106.
Roulet-Amiot, L., & Jacubowicz, C. (2006). Production and perception of gender agreement in French SLI. Advances in Speech Language Pathology, 8(4), 335–346.
Silveira, M. (2006). A preliminary investigation of grammatical gender abilities in Portuguese speaking children with Specific Language Impairment. Unpublished working paper, University College London, Department of Phonetics and Linguistics. Retrieved from: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/ psychlangsci/research/linguistics/publications/wpl/06papers/silveira
Tribushinina, E., & Dubinkina, E. (2012). Adjective production by Russian-speaking children with specific language impairment. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 26(6), 554–571.
Tribushinina, E., Mak, M., Dubinkina, E. & Mak, W.M. (2018). Adjective production by Russian-speaking children with developmental language disorder and Dutch-Russian simultaneous bilinguals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 39(5), 1033-1064.
Цейтлин, С. Н. (2005). Категория рода в детской речи. Проблемы функциональной грамматики: полевые структуры. А.В. Бондаренко (ред.). Санкт-Петербург: Наука, 346-375.
Цейтлин, С.Н. (2009). Очерки по словообразованию и формообразованию в детской речи. Москва: Знак.
Varlokosta, S. & Nerantzini, M. (2013). Grammatical gender in Specific Language Impairment: Evidence from Determiner-Noun Contexts in Greek. Psychology, 20(3), 338-357.
References (translated and transliterated)
Anderson, R.T. & Souto, S.M. (2005). The use of articles by monolingual Puerto Rican Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment. Applied Psycholinguistics, 26(4), 621-647.
Bedore, L. M., & Leonard, L. B. (2001). Grammatical morphology deficits in Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 44(4), 905–924
Bishop, D.V.M., Snowling M.J., Thompson, P. A., Greenhalgh Y., & The CATALISE Consortium. (2017): Phase 2 of CATALISE: a multinational and multidisciplinary Delphi consensus study of problems with language development: Terminology. PLoS ONE, 11(7), 1-26.
Clahsen, H., Bartke, S. & Göllner S. (1997). Formal features in impaired grammars: A Comparison of English and German SLI children. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 10(2/3), 151-171.
Corbett, G. G. (1991). Gender. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Гвоздев, А.Н. (1961). Формирование у ребенка грамматического строя русского языка. Москва: АПН РСФСР.
Gvozdev, A. N. (1961). Formirovanie u Rebenka Grammatičeskogo Stroja Russkogo Jazyka [The Construction of the Grammatical Basis of the Russian Language in a Child]. Moscow: The Russian Academy of Pedagogical Sciences.
Jackson-Maldonado, D. & Maldonado, R. (2017). Grammaticality differences between Spanish-speaking children with specific language impairment and their typically developing peers. International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, 52(6), 750-765.
Leonard, Laurence B. (2014). Children with Specific Language Impairment. Cambridge: The MIT Press.
Mitrofanova, N., Rodina, Y., Urek, O. & Westergaard, M. (2018). Bilinguals’ Sensitivity to Grammatical Gender Cues in Russian: The Role of Cumulative Input, Proficiency, and Dominance. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01894
Orgassa, A., & Weerman, F. (2008). Dutch gender in specific language impairment and second language acquisition. Second Language Research, 24(3), 333–364.
Popova, M. I. (1973). Grammatical elements of language in the speech of pre-preschool children. In Studies of child language development, (pp. 269–80). C. A. Ferguson & D. I. Slobin (eds). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Rakhlin, N., Kornilov, S., & Grigorenko, E. (2014). Gender and agreement processing in children with Developmental Language Disorder. Journal of Child Language, 41(2), 241–274.
Rodina, Y. (2008). Semantics and morphology: The acquisition of grammatical gender in Russian. Doctoral thesis. Tromso: University of Tromso. Retrieved from: https://munin.uit.no/handle/ 10037/2247.
Rodina, Y. & Westeergard M. (2012). A cue-based approach to the acquisition of grammatical gender in Russian. Journal of Child Language, 39(5), 1077-1106.
Roulet-Amiot, L., & Jacubowicz, C. (2006). Production and perception of gender agreement in French SLI. Advances in Speech Language Pathology, 8(4), 335–346.
Silveira, M. (2006). A preliminary investigation of grammatical gender abilities in Portuguese speaking children with Specific Language Impairment. Unpublished working paper, University College London, Department of Phonetics and Linguistics. Retrieved from: http://www.ucl.ac.uk/ psychlangsci/research/linguistics/publications/wpl/06papers/silveira
Tribushinina, E., & Dubinkina, E. (2012). Adjective production by Russian-speaking children with specific language impairment. Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics, 26(6), 554–571.
Tribushinina, E., Mak, M., Dubinkina, E. & Mak, W.M. (2018). Adjective production by Russian-speaking children with developmental language disorder and Dutch-Russian simultaneous bilinguals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 39(5), 1033-1064.
Цейтлин, С. Н. (2005). Категория рода в детской речи. Проблемы функциональной грамматики: полевые структуры. А.В. Бондаренко (ред.). Санкт-Петербург: Наука, 346-375.
Ceitlin, S. N. (2005). Kategorija roda v detskoj reči [The category of gender in child speech]. In Problemy funkcional'noj grammatiki: Polevye struktury [Issues in functional grammar: Field structures], (pp. 346–375). A. V. Bondarko (ed.). S.-Petersburg: Nauka.
Цейтлин, С.Н. (2009). Очерки по словообразованию и формообразованию в детской речи. Москва: Знак.
Ceitlin, S. N. (2009). Ocherki po slovoobrazovaniju i formoobrazovaniju v detskoj rechi [On Inflection and Derivation in Child Language]. Moscow: Znak.
Varlokosta, S. & Nerantzini, M. (2013). Grammatical gender in Specific Language Impairment: Evidence from Determiner-Noun Contexts in Greek. Psychology, 20(3), 338-357.
5
Готцева, Маріана. "A Neurocognitive Perspective on Language Acquisition in Ullman’s DP Model." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.2.got.
Full textAbstract:
In the last few decades, the studies in second language acquisition have not answered the question what mechanisms a human’s brain uses to make acquisition of language(s) possible. A neurocognitive model which tries to address SLA from such a perspective was suggested by Ullman (2005; 2015), according to which, “both first and second languages are acquired and processed by well-studied brain systems that are known to subserve particular nonlanguage functions” (Ullman, 2005: 141). The brain systems in question have analogous roles in their language and nonlanguage functions. This article is meant to critically analyse the suggested DP model within the context of neurocognitive studies of L2; and evaluate its contribution to the field of SLA studies.
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Sułkowska, Monika. "Phraséodidactique et phraséotraduction: quelques remarques sur les nouvelles disciplines de la phraséologie appliquée." Yearbook of Phraseology 7, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 35–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phras-2016-0003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The major task of this paper is the implementation of new emerging phraseological disciplines, such as phraseodidactics and phraseotranslation. The author discusses the attempt to specify and deploy those new disciplines. Taking into account a wide range of phraseological phenomena in all natural languages and the need to implement effective glottodidactis and translation, the development of phraseodidactics and phraseotranslation may appear to be useful and of high importance. Phraseodidactics, also known as didactics of phraseology, is a new emerging research discipline within the scope of applied linguistics. It is an interdisciplinary field with elements of phraseology, glottodidactics, as well as contrastive linguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics and sociolinguistics. The term phraseodidactics has a Germanic etymology (phraseodidaktik) and became present in the literature primarily through the work of German authors such as H.H.Lüger (1997, 2001) and S.Ettinger (1998). Nonetheless, the very concept of phraseodidactics and the discipline to which it relates still are not widespread. Phraseodidactics, in accordance with its objectives, examines the processes associated with the natural assimilation of collocations, idioms, proverbs and other reproducible word forms in the mother language, and, foremost, processes related to the teaching and learning of these structures in the second and subsequent languages. Idiomatic expressions are understood here as established combinations of at least two words with a reproducible character. The scope of phraseology also includes compound words and fixed collocations. In other words, the didactics of phraseology aspires to deal with everything that is associated with the most effective teaching and learning of broadly understood phraseology. On the other hand, phraseotranslation, as a specialized interdisciplinary science postulated in this text, is situated at the crossroads of phraseology, translation studies, contrastive studies and phraseodidactics. Recently there is a growing need for an efficient interlinguistic translation; the education of future translators of foreign languages develops more and more, but the problem of phraseologization in translation is still very rarely undertaken in scientific research. An effective translation implies equivalent messages in two different linguistic codes, which becomes extremely difficult in case of phraseology. The multiple-word structures entrenched in natural languages are therefore a major challenge in the process of translation and can be a prominent difficulty even for professional translators. At present, the need of the development of phraseological competences in the process of the didactics of foreign languages is obvious. The lack of an idiomatic understanding of speaker's language can cause serious distortions in the process of verbal communication. That is why each foreign language learner should aim at mastering receptive phraseological competences. When it comes to the level of the language production, what is the most important is the acquisition of such expressions that are most needed in user's idiolect. The needs within the scope of phraseological competences are much bigger in the case of foreign language teachers or translators to be, whose phraseological competences should be highly-developed not only in terms of reception, but also at the productive level. Thus, one should not avoid such needs in educational processes.
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Dörnyei, Zoltán. "PATHWAYS OF THE BRAIN: THE NEUROCOGNITIVE BASIS OF LANGUAGE.Sydney M. Lamb.Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1999. Pp. xii + 416. $95.00 cloth, $34.95 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 23, no. 1 (March 2001): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263101241059.
Full textAbstract:
The past decade has seen an increasing interest within the second language (L2) field in drawing on psycholinguistic, neurolinguistic-neurobiological, and cognitive psychological theories when explaining various aspects of L2 acquisition and use (e.g., Schmidt, 1995; Schuman, 1997; Skehan, 1998). Although Sydney Lamb's account of the neurocognitive basis of language does not focus specifically on second languages, its general analysis of how the brain's linguistic system operates and develops provides highly relevant background knowledge to these recent L2 research directions.
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Yusuf, Nermin Hosny. "Lexical Phrases: An Essential Brain-Adaptive Requisite for Second Language Acquisition." International Journal of Linguistics 12, no. 3 (June 27, 2020): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v12i3.17260.
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In the incessant attempts to overcome second language (L2) acquisition difficulties and to improve second language proficiency, most of the proposed methodological approaches which address this issue place high value on individual vocabulary and grammar of a second language and fall short of integrating lexical phrases/multi-unit expressions into the teaching approaches. This, if does not exacerbate acquisition difficulties, does not by any means improve it. On this view, the ubiquitous interest in lexical phrases gave rise to their investigation in language acquisition. This paper reviews the importance of lexical phrases in language acquisition by providing further insight into their peripheral role in first language and second language acquisition alike. Also, Evidence from neurolinguistic and psycholinguistic studies are provided to account for lexical phrases representation and brain-adaptability. Further, this paper suggests the implementation of lexical phrases, in general, and the Lexical Approach, in particular, in second language acquisition. Finally, further pedagogical implications as well as self-paced ones are proposed.
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MAYBERRY, RACHEL I., and ROBERT KLUENDER. "Rethinking the critical period for language: New insights into an old question from American Sign Language." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 21, no. 5 (December 26, 2017): 886–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728917000724.
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The hypothesis that children surpass adults in long-term second-language proficiency is accepted as evidence for a critical period for language. However, the scope and nature of a critical period for language has been the subject of considerable debate. The controversy centers on whether the age-related decline in ultimate second-language proficiency is evidence for a critical period or something else. Here we argue that age-onset effects for first vs. second language outcome are largely different. We show this by examining psycholinguistic studies of ultimate attainment in L2 vs. L1 learners, longitudinal studies of adolescent L1 acquisition, and neurolinguistic studies of late L2 and L1 learners. This research indicates that L1 acquisition arises from post-natal brain development interacting with environmental linguistic experience. By contrast, L2 learning after early childhood is scaffolded by prior childhood L1 acquisition, both linguistically and neurally, making it a less clear test of the critical period for language.
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GARCÍA MAYO, MARÍA DEL PILAR, and JORGE GONZÁLEZ ALONSO. "L3 acquisition: A focus on cognitive approaches." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 18, no. 2 (October 29, 2014): 127–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672891400039x.
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Interest in third language (L3) acquisition has increased exponentially in recent years, due to its potential to inform long-lasting debates in theoretical linguistics, language acquisition and psycholinguistics. From the very beginning, researchers investigating child and adult L3 acquisition have considered the many diverse cognitive factors that constrain and condition the initial state and development of newly acquired languages, and their models have duly evolved to incorporate insights from the most recent findings in psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics and cognitive psychology. The articles in this Special Issue of Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, in dealing with issues such as age of acquisition, attrition, relearning, cognitive economy or the reliance on different memory systems – to name but a few – provide an accurate portrayal of current inquiry in the field, and are a particularly fine example of how instrumental research in language acquisition and other cognitive domains can be to each other.
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Steinhauer, Karsten. "How dynamic is second language acquisition?" Applied Psycholinguistics 27, no. 1 (January 2006): 92–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716406060176.
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Clahsen and Felser (CF) present a thought-provoking article that is likely to have a strong impact on the field, in particular, on developmental psycholinguistics and second language (L2) acquisition research. Unlike the majority of previous work on language acquisition that focused on “competence,” that is, the knowledge basis underlying grammar, CF emphasize the need to approach language acquisition with psycholinguistic measures of processing. Based primarily on behavioral and electrophysiological on-line data, they argue that language acquisition in early first language (L1) and late L2 follows different patterns.
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Marinis, Theodore. "Psycholinguistic techniques in second language acquisition research." Second Language Research 19, no. 2 (April 2003): 144–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267658303sr217ra.
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This article presents the benefits of using online methodologies in second language acquisition (SLA) research. It provides a selection of online experiments that have been widely used in first and second language processing studies that are suitable for SLA research and most importantly discusses the hardware and software packages and other equipment required for the setting-up of a psycholinguistics laboratory, the advantages and disadvantages of the software packages available and what financial costs are involved. The aim of the article is to inspire researchers in second language acquisition to embark on research using online methodologies.
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Leung, Yan-kit Ingrid. "Third language acquisition: why it is interesting to generative linguists." Second Language Research 23, no. 1 (January 2007): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658307071604.
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The present article reviews three collections of papers edited by Cenoz and colleagues on the topic of third language (L3) acquisition from perspectives including psycholinguistics, sociolinguistics and education. Our focus is on psycholinguistics, in particular, lexical acquisition studies, and with particular reference to two central notions in the study of L3, namely, language-selectiveness and cross-linguistic influence. The article also discusses expansion of the study of L3 acquisition into the Universal Grammar/Second Language Acquisition (UG/SLA) paradigm, and closes by looking at future directions for the L3 field.
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Ellis, Nick C., and Teresa Cadierno. "Constructing a Second Language." Annual Review of Cognitive Linguistics 7 (November 16, 2009): 111–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/arcl.7.05ell.
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This Special Section brings together researchers who adopt a constructional approach to Second Language Acquisition (SLA) as informed by Cognitive and Corpus Linguistics, approaches which fall under the general umbrella of Usage-based Linguistics. The articles present psycholinguistic and corpus linguistic evidence for L2 constructions and for the inseparability of lexis and grammar. They consider the psycholinguistics of language learning following general cognitive principles of category learning, with schematic constructions emerging from usage. They analyze how learning is driven by the frequency and frequency distribution of exemplars within construction, the salience of their form, the significance of their functional interpretation, the match of their meaning to the construction prototype, and the reliability of their mappings. They explore conceptual transfer and the acquisition of second language meaning. They consider the implications of these phenomena for L2 instruction.
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Wen, Zhisheng (Edward), Arthur McNeill, and Mailce Borges Mota. "Language Learning Roundtable: Memory and Second Language Acquisition 2012, Hong Kong." Language Teaching 47, no. 2 (February 27, 2014): 262–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261444813000530.
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Organized under the auspices of the Language Learning Roundtable Conference Grant (2012), this seminar aimed to provide an interactive forum for a group of second language acquisition (SLA) researchers with particular interests in cognitive linguistics and psycholinguistics to discuss key theoretical and methodological issues in the roles of key human memory systems (in particular, working memory) in various aspects of SLA. The seminar consisted of a tutorial workshop (Michael Ullman), three keynotes (Michael Ullman, Peter Skehan, and Cem Alptekin), and other invited speeches addressing the more specific relationships between working memory (WM) and various aspects of SLA (e.g. vocabulary, grammar, reading, speaking, writing, and interpreting).
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Roberts, Leah. "Psycholinguistic techniques and resources in second language acquisition research." Second Language Research 28, no. 1 (January 2012): 113–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658311418416.
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In this article, a survey of current psycholinguistic techniques relevant to second language acquisition (SLA) research is presented. I summarize many of the available methods and discuss their use with particular reference to two critical questions in current SLA research: (1) What does a learner’s current knowledge of the second language (L2) look like?; (2) How do learners process the L2 in real time? The aim is to show how psycholinguistic techniques that capture real-time (online) processing can elucidate such questions; to suggest methods best suited to particular research topics, and types of participants; and to offer practical information on the setting up of a psycholinguistics laboratory.
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Cenoz, Jasone. "Defining Multilingualism." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 33 (March 2013): 3–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719051300007x.
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This article looks at the definitions and scope of multilingualism and the different perspectives used in its study. Multilingualism is a very common phenomenon that has received much scholarly attention in recent years. Multilingualism is also an interdisciplinary phenomenon that can be studied from both an individual and a societal perspective. In this article, several dimensions of multilingualism are considered, and different types of multilingualism are discussed. The article summarizes the themes researched in various areas of the study of multilingualism such as neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics, linguistics, education, sociolinguistics, and language policy. These areas look at language acquisition and language processing as well as the use of different languages in social contexts and adopt a variety of research methodologies. The last section of the article compares monolingual and holistic perspectives in the study of multilingualism, paying special attention to new approaches developed in the past few years that argue for establishing more fluid boundaries between languages.
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Foster–Cohen, Susan. "SLA AND FIRST LANGUAGE ACQUISITION." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 19 (January 1999): 3–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190599190019.
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In a brief article published some years ago (Foster-Cohen 1993), I suggested that fruitful collaboration between the fields of first and second language acquisition was underexploited. I also suggested that second language researchers were, in general, better at keeping themselves informed of developments in first language studies than first language researchers were at paying attention to second language issues. I think it fair to say that there are some signs this is changing. One is the now established existence of the journal Language Acquisition (Lawrence Erlbaum Associates), started in 1990, which publishes work in both first and second language acquisition with a view to understanding the nature of language acquisition in general. Its preference for papers that address issues in formal linguistic theory complements well Applied Psycholinguistics (Cambridge University Press), which has always published material relevant to both fields, but which also goes well beyond acquisition issues in its brief. A second factor seems to be a gentle but insistent re-examination of issues in bilingualism and a growing awareness that bilingual studies, second language studies, and first language studies overlap in important ways in the study of the bilingual individual. One key indicator of this shift is the appearance of a new journal Bilingualism: Language and Cognition (Cambridge University Press).
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Ullman, Michael T. "The neural basis of lexicon and grammar in first and second language: the declarative/procedural model." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 4, no. 2 (August 2001): 105–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728901000220.
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Theoretical and empirical aspects of the neural bases of the mental lexicon and the mental grammar in first and second language (L1 and L2) are discussed. It is argued that in L1, the learning, representation, and processing of lexicon and grammar depend on two well-studied brain memory systems. According to the declarative/procedural model, lexical memory depends upon declarative memory, which is rooted in temporal lobe structures, and has been implicated in the learning and use of fact and event knowledge. Aspects of grammar are subserved by procedural memory, which is rooted in left frontal/basal-ganglia structures, and has been implicated in the acquisition and expression of motor and cognitive skills and habits. This view is supported by psycholinguistic and neurolinguistic evidence. In contrast, linguistic forms whose grammatical computation depends upon procedural memory in L1 are posited to be largely dependent upon declarative/lexical memory in L2. They may be either memorized or constructed by explicit rules learned in declarative memory. Thus in L2, such linguistic forms should be less dependent on procedural memory, and more dependent on declarative memory, than in L1. Moreover, this shift to declarative memory is expected to increase with increasing age of exposure to L2, and with less experience (practice) with the language, which is predicted to improve the learning of grammatical rules by procedural memory. A retrospective examination of lesion, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological studies investigating the neural bases of L2 is presented. It is argued that the data from these studies support the predictions of the declarative/procedural model.
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Purba, Norita. "The Role of Psycholinguistics in Language Learning and Teaching." Tell : Teaching of English Language and Literature Journal 6, no. 1 (February 2, 2018): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30651/tell.v6i1.2077.
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Psycholinguistics has provided numerous theories that explain how a person acquires a language, produces and perceives both spoken and written language. The theories have been used in the field of language teaching. Some experts use them as the basic theories in developing language teaching methods. It is known as psycholinguistics approach. Psycholinguistic approach views learning as a cognitive individual process happening within the individual and then moves to the social dimension. As an approach, there are some methods which were developed based on psycholinguistics theories such as natural method, total physical response method, and suggestopedia method. These methods apply psycholinguistic principles that how a person acquires his/her mother tongue or first language (First Language Acquisition), learns his/her second or third language (Second Language Learning), perceives a language (Language Perception), and produces language (Language Production). Language perception refers to listening and reading, while the language production refers to speaking and writing. Listening, reading, speaking and writing are called as the four of language skills. Specifically, psycholinguistics helps to understand the difficulties of these four skills both intrinsic difficulties and extrinsic difficulties. Psycholinguistics also helps to explain the errors students do in the language learning. Moreover psycholinguistics also defines some kinds of brain disorders that affect language learning performance such as agraphia and aphasia which must be treated properly. Psycholinguistics mainly helps teachers to consider the use of appropriate method to teach that four language skill.
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Phillips, Colin, and Lara Ehrenhofer. "The role of language processing in language acquisition." Epistemological issue with keynote article “The role of language processing in language acquisition” by Colin Phillips and Lara Ehrenhofer 5, no. 4 (December 31, 2015): 409–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lab.5.4.01phi.
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Language processing research is changing in two ways that should make it more relevant to the study of grammatical learning. First, grammatical phenomena are re-entering the psycholinguistic fray, and we have learned a lot in recent years about the real-time deployment of grammatical knowledge. Second, psycholinguistics is reaching more diverse populations, leading to much research on language processing in child and adult learners. We discuss three ways that language processing can be used to understand language acquisition. Level 1 approaches (“Processing in learners”) explore well-known phenomena from the adult psycholinguistic literature and document how they play out in learner populations (child learners, adult learners, bilinguals). Level 2 approaches (“Learning effects as processing effects”) use insights from adult psycholinguistics to understand the language proficiency of learners. We argue that a rich body of findings that have been attributed to the grammatical development of anaphora should instead be attributed to limitations in the learner’s language processing system. Level 3 approaches (“Explaining learning via processing”) use language processing to understand what it takes to successfully master the grammar of a language, and why different learner groups are more or less successful. We examine whether language processing may explain why some grammatical phenomena are mastered late in children but not in adult learners. We discuss the idea that children’s language learning prowess is directly caused by their processing limitations (‘less is more’: Newport, 1990). We conclude that the idea is unlikely to be correct in its original form, but that a variant of the idea has some promise (‘less is eventually more’). We lay out key research questions that need to be addressed in order to resolve the issues addressed in the paper.
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Gass, Susan M. "Innovations in second language research methods." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 21 (January 2001): 221–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190501000137.
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Acceptance of the claims made by researchers in any field depends in large part on the appropriateness of the methods used to gather data. In this chapter I focus on two approaches to research in second language acquisition: (a) various types of acceptability judgments or probes aimed at assessing acquisition of syntactic structure; and (b) various types of stimulated recall designed to gather learners' accounts of their own thought processes. Both methods attempt to overcome a principal problem in psycholinguistics: the desire to describe a learner's knowledge about a language based on the incomplete evidence stemming from learner production. Refinements in acceptability judgments have come from some newer multiple-choice or truth-value story tasks that allow researchers to determine the level of learner knowledge about particular syntactic structures (in the examples here, reflexives). Stimulated recall offers some additional perspectives, but its usefulness can be greatly affected by the temporal proximity of the recall to the original task; the amount of support provided to prompt the recall; and the nature and amount of training given to both interviewer and interviewee. While these newer research methods can improve the accuracy and variety of data available to SLA investigators, research methods drawn from L1 acquisition or L1 research cannot necessarily be assumed to be equally valid when used to examine L2 acquisition.
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Wahyudi, Imam, and Zainuri Zainuri. "Daur ʻIlm al-Lugah an-Nafsī fī Taʻlīm al-Lugah al-ʻArabiyyah li Gair an-Nāṭiqīn Bihā." Al-Fusha : Arabic Language Education Journal 3, no. 1 (January 28, 2021): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36835/alfusha.v3i1.427.
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Learning is a unit consisting of various factors that support each other. In learning Arabic, it is not only teacher factors and Arabic language material that must be considered, students as second language learners also need attention for the success of learning. The purpose of this article was to describe the role of psycholinguistics in learning Arabic for non-native speakers. Researchers used literature review to extract data from various sources. From the data obtained, it was known that the role of psycholinguistics in learning Arabic makes teachers able to understand the processes that occur in students when they listen, speak, read, or write. Psycholinguistics as an applied science between psychology and linguistics can be used to understand the behavior of second language learners, language acquisition, and language production and the processes that occur in it.
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Niżegorodcew, Anna. "Dwie tradycje badawcze w językoznawstwie stosowanym dotyczącym języka drugiego." Neofilolog, no. 32 (March 15, 2009): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/n.2009.32.2.
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The present paper presents two theoretical and research traditions concerning second language acquisition and use: psycholinguistic and sociocultural ones. It provides a historical overview of the field of psycholinguistics and second language acquisition studies since the 1950s with its more recent critiquefrom the representatives of the sociocultural developments in second language theory. The quantitative and qualitative research approaches in contemporary L2 applied linguistics studies are illustrated with a recent study of the acculturation process of Polish immigrants in the United Kingdom done by an MA student.
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RICE, MABEL L., and STEVEN F. WARREN. "Moving toward a unified effort to understand the nature and causes of language disorders." Applied Psycholinguistics 26, no. 1 (January 2005): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716405050022.
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The nature and causes of language disorders are research topics familiar to the readership ofApplied Psycholinguistics. Current inquiries place these topics in a dynamic and sprawling multidisciplinary context manifested through investigations of linguistic acquisition, cognitive development, genetics, neurocortical processes, cognitive neurolinguistics, behavioral phenotypes, and language intervention. This list is not complete by any means, but it does suggest the wide front of the current search for better knowledge about what causes language disorders and the dimensions of language acquisition that are affected. Although there is considerable momentum underway in current inquiries, the full potential for scientific advancement is hampered by fragmentation in the field, in part attributable to partitioning by diagnostic categories of affectedness. Investigators (and their funding sources) often focus on a particular clinical group, such as specific language impairment (SLI), autism/autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Williams syndrome (WS), Down syndrome (DS), or fragile X syndrome (FXS). Although this is not exclusively the case, it is relatively difficult to carry out comparative studies across the multiple clinical conditions in which language disorders appear and to monitor developments across such a wide front of investigation. The consequence is that findings are distributed across different publication outlets and different groups of scholars, a situation that can limit our appreciation of the ways in which language disorders are manifest, and the identification of common etiological factors.
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de Bot, Kees, and Bert Weltens. "Foreign Language Attrition." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 15 (March 1995): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026719050000266x.
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Compared to research on language acquisition, research on the maintenance and loss of language skills is a relatively recent development. There is, of course, a longstanding sociolinguistic tradition of research on language shift, but work in the field of attrition really started in the US in the late 1970s (Lambert and Freed 1982). Since then, research on language attrition has grown rapidly in different countries, as is witnessed by special issues devoted to the topic in the journals Applied Psycholinguistics in 1986, ITL-Review of Applied Linguistics in 1989 and Studies in Second Language Acquisition in 1989, as well as by three recent volumes: Weltens, de Bot and van Els (1986), Weltens (1989), and Seliger and Vago (1991).
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Shakouri, Nima, Parviz Maftoon, and Ogholgol Nazari. "Neurolinguistics Approach : A Plausible Paradigm in SLA." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 2, no. 1 (February 12, 2014): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v2i1.2006.
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Second language acquisition (SLA) can contribute to the changes in the brain. The paper having a holistic perspective towards the relation between brain and language asserts that the impact of SLA on the brain change is poorly studied. Moreover, claiming that the brain change is dynamic implicates the assumption that the plasticity of the brain is not merely determined by age-related factors. In this regard, experience, in general, and SLA, in particular, has a tremendous effect on the brain change. Thus, resting on the claim that SLA is respected as software and contributes to the function of brain, the paper directs the attention towards agrammatism which attracts much attention from the researchers in neurolinguists. The article also tends to cast lights upon our perceptions towards the notion of change in the brain from the neurolinguistic perspective.
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Neupane, Nabaraj. "Second Language Acquisition as a Discipline: A Historical Perspective." Journal of NELTA Gandaki 2 (December 8, 2019): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jong.v2i0.26603.
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Second language acquisition (SLA) generates and tests the theories concerning the acquisition of languages other than first language (L1) in different contexts. Even if SLA is a nascent discipline, its history is remarkable and helpful to seek the answers to the questions that researchers are raising in the field of second language or foreign language. Based on this context, this article aims to recount the history of the burgeoning discipline that heavily draws from numerous disciplines like linguistics, psychology, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and so on. To achieve the objective, document analysis method has been used. The analysis and interpretation of the available documents exhibit that the traces of SLA were observed in the studies that address the issue of language transfer. Specifically, the diachronic study proves that the development of the discipline has undergone three evolving phases like background, formative, and developmental. The background phase caters for behaviourism, contrastive analysis hypothesis, and the attacks on the fundamental premises of behaviourism. The formative phase deals with Chomsky’s revolutionary steps, error analysis, interlanguane theory, morpheme order studies, and the Krashen’s monitor model that opened up the avenues for further studies of SLA. The developmental phase recounts various studies that have consolidated SLA as a separate discipline.
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Wong, Becky, Bin Yin, and Beth O’Brien. "Neurolinguistics: Structure, Function, and Connectivity in the Bilingual Brain." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7069274.
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Advances in neuroimaging techniques and analytic methods have led to a proliferation of studies investigating the impact of bilingualism on the cognitive and brain systems in humans. Lately, these findings have attracted much interest and debate in the field, leading to a number of recent commentaries and reviews. Here, we contribute to the ongoing discussion by compiling and interpreting the plethora of findings that relate to the structural, functional, and connective changes in the brain that ensue from bilingualism. In doing so, we integrate theoretical models and empirical findings from linguistics, cognitive/developmental psychology, and neuroscience to examine the following issues: (1) whether the language neural network is different for first (dominant) versus second (nondominant) language processing; (2) the effects of bilinguals’ executive functioning on the structure and function of the “universal” language neural network; (3) the differential effects of bilingualism on phonological, lexical-semantic, and syntactic aspects of language processing on the brain; and (4) the effects of age of acquisition and proficiency of the user’s second language in the bilingual brain, and how these have implications for future research in neurolinguistics.
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Pan, Barbara Alexander, and Jean Berko Gleason. "The study of language loss: Models and hypotheses for an emerging discipline." Applied Psycholinguistics 7, no. 3 (September 1986): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400007530.
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The study of language acquisition has enjoyed a robust history in recent years, with the advent of developmental psycholinguistics as a separate field, and with much attention to bilingualism and the acquisition of second languages by both children and adults. The loss of language skills by individual speakers has, by contrast, been a little researched area, with the exception of the field of aphasiology, which has developed roughly parallel with modern psycholinguistics. Typical situations in which language skills may be lost occur when an individual speaker of a language moves to an area where another language is dominant; when an ethnolinguistic minority child enters school and adopts the societal language; when a second language is no longer studied or needed; when a local language drops out of use and its speakers must adopt a more dominant language. As they grow older, young children appear to lose some language-related skills, such as the ability to make fine phonetic discriminations (see Burnham, this issue) and aging adults lose some language skills they once had.
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Ellis, Nick C. "Formulaic Language and Second Language Acquisition: Zipf and the Phrasal Teddy Bear." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 32 (March 2012): 17–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190512000025.
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This article revisits earlier proposals that language learning is, in essence, the learning of formulaic sequences and their interpretations; that this occurs at all levels of granularity from large to small; and that the language system emerges from the statistical abstraction of patterns latent within and across form and function in language usage. It considers recent research in individual differences, the psycholinguistics of language processing, and longitudinal studies of first (L1) and second (L2) language acquisition. The first section reviews studies of individual differences in phonological short-term memory (PSTM) and working memory (WM) and their correlations with vocabulary and grammar acquisition in L2. The second section summarizes evidence that language processing is sensitive to the statistical properties of formulaic language in terms of frequency and transitional probability. The third section examines the definition of formulas and formulaicity using different statistical metrics. The fourth section evaluates longitudinal research in L1 and L2 into the putative developmental sequence commonly proposed in usage-based approaches, from formula to low-scope pattern to creative construction. The final section weighs the implications of the statistical distributions of formulaicity in usage for developmental sequences of language acquisition. Zipf's law and the “phrasal teddy bear” explain the paradox whereby formulas seed language acquisition and yet learner language is formula-light in comparison to native norms.
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Burns, Anne. "Teaching Speaking." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 18 (March 1998): 102–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500003500.
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Much recent work on optimal conditions for the teaching of speaking in second and foreign language classrooms has been grounded in educational psycholinguistics or in cognitive and social psychology. Theoretical constructs for language pedagogy have been drawn extensively from empirical studies, underpinned by the central notions of second language acquisition: communicative competence (Canale and Swain 1980); comprehensible input (Krashen 1985), negotiated interaction (Ellis 1990, Gass and Varonis 1994, Long 1983, Pica, et al. 1989), input processing (VanPatten and Cadierno 1993), developmental sequences and routes of acquisition (Meisel, Clahsen and Pienemann 1981), and communication strategies (Faerch and Kasper 1983). Such constructs are widely taught in teacher preparation programs in second and foreign language teaching and clearly have relevance to oral language instructional practice.
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Murphy, Robert. "Where does Psychology and Second Language Acquisition research connect? An interview with Zoltan Dornyei." Language Teacher 34, no. 2 (March 1, 2010): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.37546/jalttlt34.2-3.
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What is Psycholinguistics? How does it differ from Cognitive Linguistics? Why is this general area of linguistics in the limelight these days? Dr. Zoltan Dornyei is a professor at Nottingham University who is at the forefront of this research. He recently wrote a book titled, The Psychology of Second Language Acquisition (Dornyei, 2009). In it, Dornyei discusses the newer challenges SLA researchers in this century need to come to terms with. He details research of the Critical Period Hypothesis (the connection between emotion and learning), Individual Differences (the implicit/explicit dichotomy), and Dynamic Systems Theory. This interview provides an overview of such recent research and serves as an introduction to his book
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Cromdal, Jakob. "Discovering traces of the past: Studies of bilingualism among school pupils in Finland and in Sweden. Olli Kuure. Oulu: Oulu University Press, 1997. Pp. 182." Applied Psycholinguistics 20, no. 4 (December 1999): 589–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716499214063.
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This is a courageous book. Published as the author's doctoral thesis, this work strives retrospectively to “determine the significance of age in the acquisition of a second language” (p. 26). It has explicit interdisciplinary ambitions to integrate concepts and practices from various disciplines in which bilingual development is studied: notably, sociocultural theory, developmental psychology, psycholinguistics, text linguistics, and pragmatics. These multifaceted theoretical aims are anchored in an equally broad empirical ground, drawing on various types of data. Not surprisingly, the result is a theoretically intriguing, yet methodologically puzzling, approach to the study of bilingualism and second language acquisition.
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Pikhart, Marcel, and Blanka Klimova. "Maintaining and Supporting Seniors’ Wellbeing through Foreign Language Learning: Psycholinguistics of Second Language Acquisition in Older Age." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 8038. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218038.
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This study concerns aspects of positive psychology connected to foreign language learning (FLL) in an older healthy generation. The positive psychology perspective stresses the positive aspects of improved wellbeing in participants who engage in various activities, particularly mental and brain-training practices. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore older people’s subjective feelings connected to their FLL as one of the crucial ways to improve their quality of life (QoL). The objective of the research was to determine the subjective satisfaction level of the participants of a second language (L2) acquisition course. The research sample (experimental group) consisted of 105 respondents who were Czech citizens and 55+ years old. Two control groups were set up. The first (young control) consisted of 102 young adults (university students), also Czech citizens, aged between 19 and 23 years. The second control group (elderly control) consisted of 102 subjects older than 55 years, similar in age to the experimental group. A standardized online questionnaire survey was the principal research method, identical both for the experimental and control groups. The findings clearly showed that language training significantly improved the subjective positive feelings and wellbeing of the older participants, regardless of their objective progress in FLL itself. These results stood in opposition to the young control group and were different from the elderly control group. The results revealed that FLL is an effective tool for enhancing the overall wellbeing of older people, which was shown in their expression of their feelings of happiness, satisfaction, and positive motivation to learn an L2. In addition, FLL objectively affected their mental health in a positive way and expanded their social networks. Moreover, FLL was a meaningful activity for them, despite the weak objective learning outcomes due to the decline of cognitive functions, helping them find their general purpose of life, as well as life motivation as expressed in the survey. These findings are crucial, as it has already been proven that wellbeing is directly connected with good health and longevity. Therefore, national governments and all stakeholders dealing with the present issue of the aging population should pay undivided attention to the enhancement of older people’s wellbeing by all possible intervention approaches, including FLL. There is limited research into the issue and the findings of this investigation could be an impetus for further research into the topic from the perspectives of cognitive science, psychology, and psycholinguistics.
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Mackey, Alison. "New directions for the Annual Review of Applied Linguistics." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 36 (March 2016): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190515000136.
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To begin with some history, reflecting the breadth of the field, the 35 issues of the Annual Review of Applied Linguistics (ARAL) published since 1980 have covered a substantial range of topics. These have included broad surveys of the field of applied linguistics; language and language-in-education; identity; written discourse; literacy; bilingual communities worldwide; language and the professions; communicative language teaching; second language acquisition research; discourse analysis; issues in foreign language teaching and learning; language policy and planning; technology and language; multilingualism; foundations of second language teaching; applied linguistics as an emerging discipline; language and psychology; discourse and dialogue; language contact and change; advances in language pedagogy; lingua franca languages; neurolinguistics; cognitive aspects of language processing; language assessment; and formulaic language.
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Roberts, Leah, Jorge González Alonso, Christos Pliatsikas, and Jason Rothman. "Evidence from neurolinguistic methodologies: Can it actually inform linguistic/language acquisition theories and translate to evidence-based applications?" Second Language Research 34, no. 1 (October 13, 2016): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658316644010.
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This special issue is a testament to the recent burgeoning interest by theoretical linguists, language acquisitionists and teaching practitioners in the neuroscience of language. It offers a highly valuable, state-of-the-art overview of the neurophysiological methods that are currently being applied to questions in the field of second language (L2) acquisition, teaching and processing. Research in the area of neurolinguistics has developed dramatically in the past 20 years, providing a wealth of exciting findings, many of which are discussed in the articles in this issue of the journal. The goal of this commentary is twofold. The first is to critically assess the current state of neurolinguistic data from the point of view of language acquisition and processing – informed by the articles that comprise this special issue and the literature as a whole – pondering how the neuroscience of language/processing might inform us with respect to linguistic and language acquisition theories. The second goal is to offer some links from implications of exploring the first goal towards informing language teachers and the creation of linguistically and neurolinguistically-informed evidence-based pedagogies for non-native language teaching.
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Alduais, Ahmed Mohammed Saleh. "A Comparative and Contrastive Account of Research Approaches in the Study of Language." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 5 (October 20, 2012): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i5.2456.
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A research, in any field, starts with either a passing idea or a bee in one’s mind. Research in the field of language study, for instance, in all its branches, is a rich area where in hundreds of ideas and problems can be thought of and investigated. Needless to say, the study of language includes generally (linguistics: phonetic, phonology, morphology, syntax, comparative linguistics, etc.), (applied linguistics: pragmatics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, biolinguistics, clinical linguistics, experimental linguistics, computational linguistics, mathematical linguistics, forensic linguistics, corpus linguistics, contrastive analysis, discourse analysis, stylistics and error analysis, etc.), and (educational linguistics: language learning, teaching, and acquisition, etc.). Due to this, a certain problem or an idea in any of the above areas can be investigated from different points of view; that is, using either the correlational research approach, case-study, survey, experimental, ethnographic or the large-scale research approach. Actually, it is claimed in this paper that the above mentioned research approaches are different yet alike. This last point, however, is the major aim of this paper where in the six research approaches are compared and contrasted. At last, the researcher claims that no matter what a researcher in language study will follow since this approach fulfills the questions of his or her study logically, scientifically, and comes up with useful and fruitful bits of information and knowledge. Keywords: Research approaches, Language study, Correlational research, Case-study, Experimental study, Survey study, Ethnographic study, Large-scale study, Comparative and contrastive studies.
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Simon, Ellen, and Mieke Van Herreweghe. "The Relation between Orthography and Phonology from Different Angles: Insights from Psycholinguistics and Second Language Acquisition." Language and Speech 53, no. 3 (August 23, 2010): 303–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830910372486.
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Koval, Natalia. "Cognitive Algorithms for Learning Foreign Languages: Psycholinguistics Approach." Educational Challenges 26, no. 1 (March 31, 2021): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.34142/2709-7986.2021.26.1.06.
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The relevance of the undertaken research consists in considering psycholinguistics an interdisciplinary field, which studies the interrelation between mind and language. It is important to perceive learning foreign language as an act of cognition, experience, and creativity in the psycholinguistic aspect of studying. Psycholinguistics concerns with the study of the cognitive process that supports the acquisition and use of language.
The purpose of the paper is to reveal the importance of psycholinguistics approach and cognitive science for learning a foreign language in the context of psycholinguistic approach and cognitive methods for learning second language, based on achievements of the “Scientific School of A.V. Khutorsky”.
Methodology is of an overview-analytical nature with an attempt to apply cognitive techniques to learning. Our observations on the psycholinguistic approach and the cognitive methods are based on the “Myth of Niels Bohr and the barometer question” by Alexander Calandra.
Results. The analysis made it possible to determine how the logic of reflections has been explored from the lens of psycholinguistics and how the range of cognitive methods can be enlisted to learn a foreign language. It turns next to an overview of cognitive techniques used in psycholinguistics as applied to study. The verbal presentation of the idea is not only a form of compressed thought or interactive, creative cognition, but it also has a literary quality and makes use of a range of devices in a way. In the article, the solution formation reflects the features of transforming mental representations about the multidimensional space of life.
Conclusions. According to the research, the paper concludes that cognitive methods are the ability to create judgments that are paradoxical in form and deep in content, perceived as deviating from the norm, and humor also presupposes the presence of the inverse ability to perceive such judgments in their entirety and depth and emotional brightness.
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Dausendschön-Gay, Ulrich. "Producing and learning to produce utterances in social interaction." EUROSLA Yearbook 3 (August 28, 2003): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/eurosla.3.12dau.
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Developmental research on first and second language acquisition is mainly concerned with cognitive, linguistic or pragmatic aspects of individual speech production treated separately and based on the tenets of separate disciplines or approaches (psycholinguistics, psychology of language, constructivism, conversation analysis). However, some studies try to integrate questions of language acquisition into the much broader context of social interaction in general. This paper argues in favour of such integration, taking a conversationalist perspective on speech and discourse production in social — face-to-face — interaction. In particular, it argues for the systematic integration of all kinds of body movements (traditionally called gestures) and prosody into the analysis of empirical data as a fundamental basis for the development of an interactional grammar and its study in an acquisitional research framework.
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Meara, Paul. "The rediscovery of vocabulary." Second Language Research 18, no. 4 (October 2002): 393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0267658302sr211xx.
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This article reviews four recent books of current research in vocabulary acquisition. Vocabulary acquisition has moved from being a neglected backwater in second language acquisition (SLA) to a position of some importance, and this importance looks like increasing as lexical issues become more central to theoretical linguistics.The review suggests, however, that most vocabulary research in applied linguistics is based on a narrow linguistic agenda that was to a large extent defined by the concerns of the vocabulary control movement in the 1920s, particularly the work of H.E. Palmer and his successors (Smith, 1998; Institute of Research in Language Teaching, 2000). Current work in psycholinguistics and computational linguistics does not seem to have made much of an impact on the field, and this has led to a serious divergence between the theories of vocabulary acquisition that appear in these books, and the theories that are developing in other related fields.
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Larsen-Freeman, Diane. "Second Language Development in Its Time: Expanding Our Scope of Inquiry." Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 42, no. 3 (September 25, 2019): 267–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2019-0017.
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Abstract This article traces the evolution of the field of second language acquisition/development (SLA/SLD). It chronicles the evolution in terms of different disciplines and theories that have been influential, beginning with the origin of SLA/SLD in linguistic thinking and expanding its scope of inquiry to psycholinguistics. It has developed further with the disciplines of anthropology and sociology holding sway. More recently, newer cognitive theories have been influential. The article discusses the recent call for a transdisciplinary approach. More specifically, the author promotes the adoption of complex dynamic systems theory, in keeping with non-reductionist systems thinking. Not only is this sociocognitive theory an interdisciplinary theory, but it also highlights the dynamic, variable, nonlinear nature of second language development. This it does within an ecological conception of development, which insists on the relevance of context. It also maintains that SLA/SLD is not a matter of input becoming output, but rather that language patterns emerge from the interaction of its users, given the affordances that they perceive. The article concludes with a discussion of several instructional issues.
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Serrano Romero, Enriqueta Claudia. "Natural Approach or Cognitive Approach. Learning or Acquiring a Foreign Language? Research Study at Centro de Lenguas de la Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez." International Human Sciences Review 1 (October 31, 2019): 49–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/gka-humanrev.v1.2003.
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There is a big dilemma among instructors teaching English as a foreign language. Competence and teaching grammar rules are the primary pedagogical concern. Competence is directly related to the ability of proper grammar use of a language. However, methodological discussions end up accepting that grammatical rules are neither sufficient nor demonstrating the acquisition of the language. Learner students may have correctly learned grammatical rules, but some studies disagree on teaching only grammar because it will not be enough for students to speak forcefully. These circumstances lead to the discussion on the English Teaching method used at the Autonomous University of Ciudad Juárez (UACJ). This study aims to answer 1.) Which of the following approaches are more suitable to teach a second language, Natural Approach vs. Cognitive Approach? 2.) As to what extent should we emphasis grammar rules on teaching a second language to obtain the most benefit? Lastly, a sizable neurolinguistics portion of information is added to help us understand how the brain responds to learning a foreign language.
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Barnitz, John G. "LANGUAGE AND ITS NORMAL PROCESSING. Vivien C. Tartter. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, 1998. Pp. xvii + 550. $89.95 cloth, $49.95 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 22, no. 4 (December 2000): 597–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263100244069.
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Scholars in the multidisciplinary fields of language studies will benefit from acquiring Language and Its Normal Processingby Vivien Tartter. The volume, which functions well as a textbook or reference book, contains chapters incorporating basic concepts, themes, trends, and controversies in psycholinguistics. One of the author's principal interests in writing the book (and for us to read the book) is to “communicate the fun and excitement . . . in psycholinguistic research” (p. xv). The author successfully synthesizes research on a variety of topics: meaning and meaning processing; syntax and sentence processing; speech and its perception and production; as well as presentations on sociolinguistics; first and second language acquisition, and multilingualism; and the psychology of reading and writing printed text.
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Avrutin, Sergey. "The usability of syntax." Applied Psycholinguistics 27, no. 1 (January 2006): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716406060036.
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Clahsen and Felser's article (CF) is an important contribution to the field of psycholinguistics in several respects. First, it draws attention to the importance of a better understanding of the processing mechanisms utilized by child and adult language learners. Differences in these mechanisms may be responsible for the final outcome of the acquisition process. Second, the article provides an excellent summary of current first language (L1) and second language (L2) research on processing. A variety of studies, ranging from morphological off-line investigations to on-line research on syntactic development, are reviewed in a concise and accurate manner; the cross-linguistic dimension of the article makes both the review and the argument even more comprehensive and convincing. Third, based on their own experimental results, and the results from other studies, the authors propose a novel account of L2 processing, the so-called shallow syntax hypothesis (SSH).
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BERMAN, RUTH A. "Cross-linguistic comparisons in child language research." Journal of Child Language 41, S1 (July 2014): 26–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000914000208.
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ABSTRACTMajor large-scale research projects in the early years of developmental psycholinguistics were English-based, yet even then numerous studies were available or under way in a range of different languages (Ferguson & Slobin, 1973). Since then, the field of cross-linguistic child language research has burgeoned in several directions. First, rich information is now available on the acquisition of dozens of languages from around the world in numerous language families, spearheaded by the five-volume series edited by Slobin (1985–1997) and complemented by in-depth examination of specific constructions – e.g. causative alternation, motion verbs, passive voice, subject elision, noun compounding – in various languages, culminating in an in-depth examination of the acquisition of ergativity in over a dozen languages (Bavin & Stoll, 2013). A second fruitful direction is the application of carefully comparable designs targeting a range of issues among children acquiring different languages, including: production of early lexico-grammatical constructions (Slobin, 1982), sentence processing comprehension (MacWhinney & Bates, 1989), expression of spatial relations (Bowerman, 2011), discourse construction of oral narratives based on short picture series (Hickmann, 2003) and longer storybooks (Berman & Slobin, 1994), and extended texts in different genres (Berman, 2008). Taken together, research motivated by the question of what is particular and what universal in child language highlights the marked, and early, impact of ambient language typology on processes of language acquisition. The challenge remains to operationalize such insights by means of psychologically sound and linguistically well-motivated measures for evaluating the interplay between the variables of developmental level, linguistic domain, and ambient language typology.
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Ragni, Valentina. "Didactic subtitling in the Foreign Language (FL) classroom. Improving language skills through task-based practice and Form-Focused Instruction (FFI)." Translation and Translanguaging in Multilingual Contexts 4, no. 1 (April 24, 2018): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.00002.rag.
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Abstract Didactic subtitling is a relatively new area of investigation that is undergoing a surge in popularity. By bringing together findings from Audiovisual Translation (AVT), Second Language Acquisition (SLA) and psycholinguistics, some theoretical issues related to the practice of subtitle creation in Foreign Language Learning (FLL) are appraised. The article introduces Task-Based Learning and Teaching (TBLT) and reflects on what didactic subtitling can and cannot offer to TBLT approaches. In a still predominantly communicative era, language researchers are questioning the effectiveness of entirely communicative approaches to FLL. Many support the idea that, if successful learning is to be achieved, some Form-Focused Instruction (FFI) is needed. This article reviews relevant FFI literature, and explores how far active subtitling can provide an effective strategy for focussing on form that leads to communicative language development. In doing so, concepts such as noticing, skill development, interaction, pushed output and consciousness-raising are addressed. It is argued that a combination of task-based and form-focused instruction in the subtitling classroom can have great potential and should be investigated further, both theoretically and empirically.
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Denisova, E. A. "TO THE QUESTION OF LANGUAGE INTERFERENCE IN THE ANGLOPHONE LITERARY TEXT." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 30, no. 2 (May 7, 2020): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2020-30-2-251-257.
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The study of bilingualism problems (code switching, language interference, foreign language insertions) is traditionally considered as a single interdisciplinary interaction: cognitive science, pragmatics, psycholinguistics, etc. and serves as a necessary basis for solving problems in the second language acquisition. Translation problems, language specificity of literary text also make up a single interface. The article considers the interrelation of the phenomena "author's bilingualism" and "language interference" on the material of the English-language literary text. The author of the analyzed work uses foreign language insertions to perform certain functions in the creation of multilingual speech situations, the transfer of national color, to create a certain atmosphere in the text, as an emphatic means, and also to indicate a variable form of discourse. Individual author's bilingualism is considered as a kind of bilingualism from the point of view of the literary text, as well as from the standpoint of the literary context of the bilingual personality of the writer. In this particular case, the biography and oeuvre of D. Fowles represent his bilingualism and language interference.
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Muid, Abdul, and M. Fathor Rohman. "Ta'lim Maharah al-Kalaam Fi Dhu'i al-Nazhariyat al-Ijtima'iyyah al-Tsaqafiyah Li Vygotsky." Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 3, no. 2 (November 13, 2019): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jba.v3i2.971.
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Learning Arabic through one of the theories of second language acquisition has a positive and effective contribution in achieving supported skills. Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory is one of the theories of language acquisition that has great urgency in supporting one's abilities. This theory emphasizes that learning is not only an individual process but also as a social interaction process under the supervision and guidance of teachers. Vygotsky's sociocultural theory is one of the language learning theories recommended by linguists and psycholinguistics to be applied in the learning process especially in speaking skills learning. The aims are to improve the proficiency and accuracy of students who have different background knowledge in using Arabic. This study aims to find out how the process of speaking skills learning based on Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory and the steps and its application in the speaking skills learning process. This study uses a library approach or library research where data sources are taken from the theories in the literature. This study has contributed to the ease of a teacher to develop learning theories that will be applied in the learning process, especially speaking skills.Keywords: Speaking skills, Vygotskys Socio-Cultural Theory