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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neuron visual response study

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Academic literature on the topic 'Neuron visual response study'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 11 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Neuron visual response study"

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HUGUES, ETIENNE, and JORGE V. JOSÉ. "STIMULUS COMPETITION IN ATTENTION: A NEURAL MODEL OF VISUAL CORTEX AREA V4." International Journal of Modern Physics E 17, no. 05 (2008): 915–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301308010258.

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When a monkey is presented simultaneously two stimuli in the receptive field of a neuron in the visual cortex area V4, the neuron firing rate response is intermediate between the neuron response when both stimuli are presented alone. This phenomenon is called stimulus competition. To study its basic underlying neural mechanisms, we calculate the neuron firing rate response to different stimulus configurations. We find that stimulus competition can arise from the neuron's response properties alone, but only for a limited set of stimulus pair parameters. Furthermore, network properties may be im

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Richmond, B. J., and L. M. Optican. "Temporal encoding of two-dimensional patterns by single units in primate primary visual cortex. II. Information transmission." Journal of Neurophysiology 64, no. 2 (1990): 370–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1990.64.2.370.

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1. Previously, we studied how picture information was processed by neurons in inferior temporal cortex. We found that responses varying in both response strength and temporal waveform carried information about briefly flashed stationary black-and-white patterns. Now, we have applied that same paradigm to the study of striate cortical neurons. 2. In this approach the responses to a set of basic black and white pictures were quantified through use of a set of basic waveforms, the principal components (extracted from all the responses of each neuron). We found that the first principal component,

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Allman, Brian L., and M. Alex Meredith. "Multisensory Processing in “Unimodal” Neurons: Cross-Modal Subthreshold Auditory Effects in Cat Extrastriate Visual Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 98, no. 1 (2007): 545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00173.2007.

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Historically, the study of multisensory processing has examined the function of the definitive neuron type, the bimodal neuron. These neurons are excited by inputs from more than one sensory modality, and when multisensory stimuli are present, they can integrate their responses in a predictable manner. However, recent studies have revealed that multisensory processing in the cortex is not restricted to bimodal neurons. The present investigation sought to examine the potential for multisensory processing in nonbimodal (unimodal) neurons in the retinotopically organized posterolateral lateral su

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Gharat, Amol, and Curtis L. Baker. "Motion-defined contour processing in the early visual cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 108, no. 5 (2012): 1228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00840.2011.

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From our daily experience, it is very clear that relative motion cues can contribute to correctly identifying object boundaries and perceiving depth. Motion-defined contours are not only generated by the motion of objects in a scene but also by the movement of an observer's head and body (motion parallax). However, the neural mechanism involved in detecting these contours is still unknown. To explore this mechanism, we extracellularly recorded visual responses of area 18 neurons in anesthetized and paralyzed cats. The goal of this study was to determine if motion-defined contours could be dete

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Wang, Xiao-Jing, Yinghui Liu, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives, and David A. McCormick. "Adaptation and Temporal Decorrelation by Single Neurons in the Primary Visual Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 89, no. 6 (2003): 3279–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00242.2003.

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Limiting redundancy in the real-world sensory inputs is of obvious benefit for efficient neural coding, but little is known about how this may be accomplished by biophysical neural mechanisms. One possible cellular mechanism is through adaptation to relatively constant inputs. Recent investigations in primary visual (V1) cortical neurons have demonstrated that adaptation to prolonged changes in stimulus contrast is mediated in part through intrinsic ionic currents, a Ca2+-activated K+ current ( IKCa) and especially a Na+-activated K+ current ( IKNa). The present study was designed to test the

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Carandini, Matteo, Horace B. Barlow, Lawrence P. O'keefe, Allen B. Poirson, and J. Anthony Movshon. "Adaptation to contingencies in macaque primary visual cortex." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 352, no. 1358 (1997): 1149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1997.0098.

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We tested the hypothesis that neurons in the primary visual cortex adapt selectively to contingencies in the attributes of visual stimuli. We recorded from single neurons in macaque V1 and measured the effects of adaptation either to the sum of two gratings (compound stimulus) or to the individual gratings. According to our hypothesis, there would be a component of adaptation that is specific to the compound stimulus. In a first series of experiments, the two gratings differed in orientation. One grating had optimal orientation and the other was orthogonal to it, and therefore did not activate

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Carlson, Synnöve, Pia Rämä, Heikki Tanila, Ilkka Linnankoski, and Heikki Mansikka. "Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal Processing in the Monkey Prefrontal Cortex." Journal of Neurophysiology 77, no. 2 (1997): 761–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1997.77.2.761.

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Carlson, Synnöve, Pia Rämä, Heikki Tanila, Ilkka Linnankoski, and Heikki Mansikka. Dissociation of mnemonic coding and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of visual, auditory, and somatosensory stimuli. The aim was to study the relationship between mnemonic neuronal processing and other functional neuronal responsiveness at the single-neuron l

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Yang, Jin, and Stephen G. Lisberger. "Relationship Between Adapted Neural Population Responses in MT and Motion Adaptation in Speed and Direction of Smooth-Pursuit Eye Movements." Journal of Neurophysiology 101, no. 5 (2009): 2693–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00061.2009.

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We have asked how sensory adaptation is represented in the response of a population of visual motion neurons and whether the neural adaptation could drive behavioral adaptation. Our approach was to evaluate the effects of about 10 s of motion adaptation on both smooth-pursuit eye movements and the responses of neuron populations in extrastriate middle temporal visual area (MT) in awake monkeys. Stimuli for neural recordings consisted of patches of 100% correlated dot textures. There was a wide range of effects across neurons, but on average adaptation reduced the amplitude and width of the dir

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GEISLER, WILSON S., DUANE G. ALBRECHT, ALISON M. CRANE, and LAWRENCE STERN. "Motion direction signals in the primary visual cortex of cat and monkey." Visual Neuroscience 18, no. 4 (2001): 501–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523801184014.

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When an image feature moves with sufficient speed it should become smeared across space, due to temporal integration in the visual system, effectively creating a spatial motion pattern that is oriented in the direction of the motion. Recent psychophysical evidence shows that such “motion streak signals” exist in the human visual system. In this study, we report neurophysiological evidence that these motion streak signals also exist in the primary visual cortex of cat and monkey. Single neuron responses were recorded for two kinds of moving stimuli: single spots presented at different velocitie

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Kawano, K., M. Shidara, and S. Yamane. "Neural activity in dorsolateral pontine nucleus of alert monkey during ocular following responses." Journal of Neurophysiology 67, no. 3 (1992): 680–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1992.67.3.680.

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1. Movements of the visual scene evoke short-latency ocular following responses. To study the neural mediation of the ocular following responses, we investigated neurons in the dorsolateral pontine nucleus (DLPN) of behaving monkeys. The neurons discharged during brief, sudden movements of a large-field visual stimulus, eliciting ocular following. Most of them (100/112) responded to movements of a large-field visual stimulus with directional selectivity. 2. Response amplitude was measured in two components of the neural response: an initial transient component and a late sustained component. M

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neuron visual response study"

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Hasselmo, M. E. "The representation and storage of visual information in the temporal lobe." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379950.

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Chryslee, Gail J. "The construction of a rhetorical response to visual art : a case study of Brushstrokes in Flight /." The Ohio State University, 1995. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1302641265.

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Silverio, Carolina Menezes. "A influência do voo na resposta do H1 e o registro do comportamento motor em Chrysomya megacephala." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-30102013-111946/.

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Desenvolvemos um protocolo experimental para estudar a codificação do movimento horizontal pelo neurônio H1 de moscas varejeiras Chrysomya megacephala durante o voo. Tradicionalmente, o neurônio H1 é considerado puramente sensorial, e a maioria dos trabalhos tem utilizado o trem de potenciais de ação deste neurônio para explorar o código neural visual da mosca enquanto esta se encontra imobilizada (cabeça, asas, patas) e observa passivamente uma imagem que se move de maneira controlada. Nosso laboratório já dispunha de um aparato para registrar de maneira adequada a atividade do H1, enquanto a

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Bedrossian, Diane. "The effects of ghrelin on the amygdala response to visual food and non-food stimuli : an fMRI study in humans." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=111507.

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A complex physiological system, composed of central and peripheral signals, balances energy intake and expenditure. Among these signals, the enteric and orexigenic hormone ghrelin is a regulator of energy balance with several uncharacterized functions. Although much research has accumulated regarding ghrelin's effects on metabolic parameters, little is known about its other behavioural and cognitive effects. Consequently, this study, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, showed that ghrelin administered intravenously to healthy volunteers increased the neural response to food pictures,

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Strickland, Monica Kathleen. "The Effects of Self-evaluation and Response Restriction on Letter and Number Reversal in Young Children." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4542/.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a training package consisting of response restriction and the reinforcement of self-evaluation on letter reversal errors. Participants were 3 typically developing boys between the age of 5 and 7. The results indicated that the training package was successful in correcting reversals in the absence of a model during training and on application tests. These improvements maintained during subsequent follow-up sessions and generalized across trainers. Fading was not always necessary in correcting reversals, but was effective in correcting rev

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en-Chi, Wu, and 吳文棋. "A Design and Study of Applying Neuron-Fuzzy Theory on Visual Inspect System." Thesis, 1998. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98517624236058643794.

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碩士<br>大葉大學<br>電機工程研究所<br>86<br>The purpose of the thesis is to propose a visual recognition system combineneuron with fuzzy theory. Visual recognition techniques applied industrial productuon inspection hasbeen using for many years, but most of the inspect techniques can tell us onlythe product is good or bad, they can't recognize if the product is in betweengood and bad. In order to increase the recognition capability, we apply theNeuron and Fuzzy theory to solve this problems. Finally, we implement our thoery to robot arm, the simulation resultsverify that after this design, the recogniti

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Dyakova, Olga. "The processing of natural images in the visual system." Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-328041.

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Any image can be described in terms of its statistics (i.e. quantitative parameters calculated from the image, for example RMS-contrast, the skewness of image brightness distribution, and slope constant of an average amplitude spectrum). It was previously shown that insect and vertebrate visual systems are optimised to the statistics common among natural scenes. However, the exact mechanisms of this process are still unclear and need further investigation. This thesis presents the results of examining links between some image statistics and visual responses in humans and hoverflies. It was fou

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CHIANG, CHENG-JU, and 江承儒. "Study of the Relationship between Visual Fusion and EEG Response." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15774980013882373067.

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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>資電碩士在職專班<br>101<br>In this paper, using the EEG signal interpretation of visual physiology reaction, through the rotating mirror the external light conversion from the eye into the brain stimulation produced by reaction of physiological signals, do financial association between like and the brain basis for visual. In this study, using a rotating prism destruction of visual fusion as a foundation, makes the brain and eyes temporarily relaxed, the incident light angle change to light at different angles into the eye to promote macular activation, and will melt like damage to visual

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Chen, Ying-Chun, and 陳膺淳. "A study on visual response and psychological cognition at different landscape typologies." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44328518770950191204.

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碩士<br>逢甲大學<br>景觀與遊憩研究所<br>99<br>The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of different landscape space typologies on visual reflection and psychological cognition using both results from the Eye Tracker and psychological evaluation of questionnaire responses.Eye Tracker hot spot analysis showed the overall median landscape type the number of people focused on the visual placement of trees and shrubs, sky, structure and elements of the landscape area ratio can be found that people were viewing the landscape picture, when the element of area is larger, the viewer visual number will inc

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Chen, Chien-cheng, and 陳建成. "The Visual Design Study of Emergency Aid Information Communication – A Stroke-rapid-response Explanation Graphic." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70659991168670672806.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣科技大學<br>設計研究所<br>100<br>Correct and effective knowledge of assessment and first aid can not only help patients have nice and successful treatment after hospitalized, but also reduce the possibility of secondary impairment caused by inappropriate first aid. Even though the medical community has developed an effective prehospital stroke assessment scales, but the public lacks correct understanding on interpretation of stroke symptoms, and there is no useful, understandable propaganda document for stroke assessment, so delayed patients still occur from time to time. To study the stroke

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Books on the topic "Neuron visual response study"

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Clickers In The Astronomy Classroom How To Enhance Astronomy Teaching Using Classroom Response Systems. Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company, 2005.

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Lasc, Anca I. Interior decorating in nineteenth-century France. Manchester University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526113382.001.0001.

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This book analyzes the early stages of the interior design profession as articulated within the circles involved in the decoration of the private home in the second half of nineteenth-century France. It argues that the increased presence of the modern, domestic interior in the visual culture of the nineteenth century enabled the profession to take shape. Upholsterers, cabinet-makers, architects, stage designers, department stores, taste advisors, collectors, and illustrators, came together to “sell” the idea of the unified interior as an image and a total work of art. The ideal domestic interi

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Book chapters on the topic "Neuron visual response study"

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Strisciuglio, Nicola, and Nicolai Petkov. "Brain-Inspired Algorithms for Processing of Visual Data." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-82427-3_8.

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AbstractThe study of the visual system of the brain has attracted the attention and interest of many neuro-scientists, that derived computational models of some types of neuron that compose it. These findings inspired researchers in image processing and computer vision to deploy such models to solve problems of visual data processing.In this paper, we review approaches for image processing and computer vision, the design of which is based on neuro-scientific findings about the functions of some neurons in the visual cortex. Furthermore, we analyze the connection between the hierarchical organization of the visual system of the brain and the structure of Convolutional Networks (ConvNets). We pay particular attention to the mechanisms of inhibition of the responses of some neurons, which provide the visual system with improved stability to changing input stimuli, and discuss their implementation in image processing operators and in ConvNets.

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Koch, Christof. "Synaptic Input to a Passive Tree." In Biophysics of Computation. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195104912.003.0024.

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Now that we have quantified the behavior of the cell in response to current pulses and current steps as delivered by the physiologist's microelectrode, let us study the behavior of the cell responding to a more physiological input. For instance, a visual stimulus in the environment will activate cells in the retina and its target, neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus. These, in turn, make on the order of 50 excitatory synapses onto the apical tree of a layer 5 pyramidal cell in primary visual cortex such as the one we use throughout the book, and about 100-150 synapses onto a layer 4 spiny stellate cell (Peters and Payne, 1993; Ahmed et al., 1994, 1996; Peters, Payne, and Rudd, 1994). All of these synapses will be triggered within a fraction of a millisecond (Alonso, Usrey, and Reid, 1996). Thus, any sensory input to a neuron is likely to activate on the order of 102 synapses, rather than one or two very specific synapses as envisioned in Chap. 5 in the discussion of synaptic AND-NOT logic. This chapter will reexamine the effect of synaptic input to a realistic dendritic tree. We will commence by considering a single synaptic input as a sort of baseline condition. This represents a rather artificial condition; but because the excitatory postsynaptic potential and current at the soma are frequently experimentally recorded and provide important insights into the situation prevailing in the presence of massive synaptic input, we will discuss them in detail. Next we will treat the case of many temporally dispersed synaptic inputs to a leaky integrate-and-fire model and to the passive dendritic tree of the pyramidal cell. In particular, we are interested in uncovering the exact relationship between the temporal input jitter and the output jitter. The bulk of this chapter deals with the effect of massive synaptic input onto the firing behavior of the cell, by making use of the convenient fiction that the detailed temporal arrangement of action potentials is irrelevant for neuronal information processing. This allows us to derive an analytical expression relating the synaptic input to the somatic current and ultimately to the output frequency of the cell.

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Parrington, John. "Light as a Life Tool." In Redesigning Life. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766834.003.0004.

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Visual light, and radiation of other frequencies, are highly important for scientific research. The first light microscopes made it possible for the first time to see that organisms from plants to humans are composed of cells. Electron microscopes have allowed scientists to study the structural components of cells in great detail, and even determine the shapes of individual proteins. Many lifeforms also use light to attract a mate or prey, or deter an attacker. Following the identification of the gene coding for the fluorescent protein that makes certain jellyfish glow green it has become possible to use this to genetically label proteins in a living cell, or even a live animal. This means that now the location of proteins in a cell can be determined exactly. A major recent step forward in neuroscience came with the discovery of protein channels in algae that conduct ions in response to light. By creating transgenic mice that have these proteins in their brain neurons, it is now possible to modulate the activity of these neurons by shining light into the brain though microscopic fibre optic cables. This new science of optogenetics allows neurons to be switched on or off experimentally. The optogenetic approach has been used to uncover the neural circuits involved in memory, pain and pleasure. In the future this technique might be used to treat physical pain or depression in people. Controversially, it might be also be misused, to supress memories, or even create completely false ones in people’s heads.

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Kapsner, PL, M. Bouchonville, M. Garimella, T. Teshiba, and A. Mayer. "Transsexuals' Response to Visual Stimuli – A fMRI Pilot Study." In The Endocrine Society's 92nd Annual Meeting, June 19–22, 2010 - San Diego. Endocrine Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo-meetings.2010.part1.p7.p1-316.

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Dik, Olga E., and Alexander D. Nozdrachev. "Chapter 7. Mechanisms of antinoceptive response of a sensory neuron." In Mechanisms of changes in dynamical complexity of physiological signal patterns. St. Petersburg State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288059322.08.

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The seventh chapter is devoted to the determination of the mechanisms of changes in the dynamic complexity of the patterns of impulse activity of nociceptors. As a result of the study of the mechanisms of changes in the dynamic complexity of the patterns of impulse activity of nociceptive neurons when the antinociceptive response occurs, it was found that the change in this complexity is based on rearrangements in the temporal organization of patterns due to bifurcations of stationary states and limit cycles, leading to the appearance of two types of burst activity. The mechanism of correction of the damaging pain effect is based on the molecular mechanism of suppression of this activity associated with the modification of the activation gating structure of slow sodium NaV1.8 channels under the action of comenic acid, a drug substance of the non-opioid analgesic “Anoceptin”. The methodology for analyzing the considered molecular mechanism can be used in the search for new pharmacological targets for further research related to the development of innovative pharmacological strategies in the correction of pathological conditions.

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STOK, C. J., H. J. SPEKREIJSE, M. J. PETERS, H. B. K. BOOM, and F. H. LOPES DA SILVA. "A Comparative EEG/MEG Equivalent Dipole Study of the Pattern Onset Visual Response." In New Trends and Advanced Techniques in Clinical Neurophysiology. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-81352-7.50009-1.

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Safar, Kristina, Margot J. Taylor, Junko Matsuzaki, and Timothy P. L. Roberts. "Applications of Magnetoencephalography to Autism Spectrum Disorder." In Fifty Years of Magnetoencephalography. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190935689.003.0021.

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Magnetoencephalography (MEG) has a unique combination of attributes allowing the probing of brain function, with resolution of space, time, and spectral content. These attributes lend themselves to the study of disorders characterized by no conspicuous structural brain anomalies, but rather anomalies of neural signals and communication. This chapter reviews the use of diverse MEG techniques and paradigms to study one such disorder, autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The authors focus on MEG as a probe of auditory and face processing anomalies in ASD. Impairments in auditory processing in ASD have been identified as objective markers of language and communication ability, general cognitive ability, and abnormal sensory sensitivity. Most MEG studies have observed that atypical auditory responses such as components of the early auditory evoked field (i.e., M50, M100), mismatch fields, or gamma-band oscillatory activity occur in individuals with ASD compared with typically developing children. Maturational trajectories of such measures also deviate from neurotypical patterns. Similarly, impairments in face perception are characteristic of ASD and have been a large focus of MEG studies, as a model probe for the social impairment phenotype. MEG research has demonstrated atypical source localization of activity during face processing in children through adults as well as in executive functions, including working memory and inhibition. Interregional differences in synchrony of neural oscillations have been elaborated by MEG in emotional face processing tasks, with visual perceptual processing underscoring gamma-band atypicalities in ASD. We highlight MEG as a promising approach for establishing clinical biomarkers of ASD and informing mechanistic neuroscience.

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El Refaie, Elisabeth. "Introduction." In Visual Metaphor and Embodiment in Graphic Illness Narratives. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190678173.003.0001.

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The Introduction sets out the book’s central theoretical concerns regarding the relationship between embodiment and metaphor, and presents the original concept of “dynamic embodiment,” using a page from a graphic illness narrative about Parkinson’s disease as an example. Dynamic embodiment refers to the idea that people’s relationship with their own bodies is never fixed and stable; rather, it is constantly shifting and changing in response to the aging process, physical or mental ill health, and the adoption of new bodily practices, including different ways of communicating. This chapter also introduces the argument that there are, in fact, three distinct forms of the phenomenon that is often subsumed under the collective term “visual metaphor,” namely pictorial, spatial, and stylistic metaphor. The data set and methods of analysis of the study are described and justified, and an outline of the five main chapters and the conclusion is provided.

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Lyketsos, Constantine G. "Cholinesterase Inhibitors and Memantine." In Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195309430.003.0028.

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Several lines of evidence suggest that acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmission is important to the normal functioning of memory, and loss of ACh-producing cells in the basal forebrain (nucleus basalis) is a consistent finding in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. The most successful approach to increasing ACh in vivo has been to develop drugs that reduce its degradation by the synaptic enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE). Four cholinesterase inhibitors are available to treat memory and other cognitive symptoms in dementia patients. They may also stabilize or prevent the onset of milder non-cognitive neuropsychiatric or behavioral symptoms, although their use as exclusive agents for the more severe forms of the latter is not recommended. A recent Consensus Panel has articulated sound clinical principles regarding the use of these drugs in the context of the broader treatment of Alzheimer’s dementia (Lyketsos et al., 2006). Tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Tacrine should not ordinarily be used in light of the associated high risk of hepatotoxicity, its complex titration, and the availability of bettertolerated alternatives. The other three cholinesterase inhibitors seem similar in efficacy. All appear to modestly improve cognitive symptoms in 15% to 20% of patients, sometimes quite notably. In addition, they may either improve patient function and delay the emergence of behavioral symptoms or reduce the severity of the latter. The evidence does not support their use as single agents to treat more severe neuropsychiatric symptoms such as depression or delusions, although patients with apathy and visual hallucinations may respond. Any benefit of cholinesterase inhibitors to the long-term progression of dementia has not been shown conclusively. Some studies suggest that they may attenuate the long-term slope of cognitive or functional decline, but those studies have been flawed due to high levels of dropout and the use of historical untreated comparison groups. One brain imaging study, part of a clinical trial, has suggested that they may affect the size of the hippocampus or the integrity of hippocampal neurons. In the absence of replication or a better understanding of the imaging measures involved, these data are not conclusive.

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Posner, Michael I. "Integrating Technologies in the Study of Attentional Networks." In The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234737.003.0022.

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The literature supports the idea that attention is not a unified concept, but involves separate mechanisms that support its varied functions (Petersen & Posner, 2012). One common taxonomy involves three such functions: obtaining and maintaining the alert state, orienting to sensory stimuli, and resolving conflict among competing responses. Each of the functions has a long history and has spawned tests designed to measure individual differences in attention. Many individual tests and batteries of tests are designed to measure attention. Tests of vigilance usually involve maintaining attention over long periods of time, originally simulating the job of scanning radar returns for low-probability targets (Mackworth, 1969; Parasuraman, 1985). Another approach is to require responses to infrequent events, as in the continuous performance test (Rosvold et al., 1956) or the serial response test (Manly et al., 1999). Vigilance varies with the diurnal rhythm and vigilance can be reduced by sleep deprivation. Collectively, the tests of performance during continuous tasks are often called measures of tonic alertness, which is thought to change rather slowly. It is also possible to cause phasic shifts of the level of alertness by the use of warning signals (Nickerson, 1967). A warning signal can bring a person from a relatively relaxed state to one fostering the very best performance within less than half a second. Recent fMRI studies have defined a default state in which a person is off task (Raichle, 2009). It seems likely that scalp electrodes recording direct current shifts following warning signals called the contingent negative variation (CNV) capture the shift from the default to the alert state. The most frequently studied area in attention research involves orienting to a sensory source that contains a target. For example, in a visual search, a target may be defined as a red triangle. If it appears in a field that contains other colored triangles and red forms other than triangles, one can ensure that the field is carefully searched until the target is found.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neuron visual response study"

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Ravindra, Vikram, and Ananth Grama. "Characterizing Similarity of Visual Stimulus from Associated Neuronal Response." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/85.

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The problem of characterizing brain functions such as memory, perception, and processing of stimuli has received significant attention in neuroscience literature. These experiments rely on carefully calibrated, albeit complex inputs, to record brain response to signals. A major problem in analyzing brain response to common stimuli such as audio-visual input from videos (e.g., movies) or story narration through audio books, is that observed neuronal responses are due to combinations of ``pure'' factors, many of which may be latent. In this paper, we present a novel methodological framework for

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Myers, Kristin M., Frances Cone, Harry Quigley, Baptiste Coudrillier, and Thao D. Nguyen. "The Inflation Response of Mouse Sclera: Age Effects on the Mechanical Properties of Scleral Tissue." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19289.

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The mouse model offers an opportunity to investigate how alterations to the connective soft tissue contribute to the development of disease through the study of transgenic and diseased mouse strains. For example, by measuring the deformation response of the eye wall to increases in pressure of these different mouse types, the possible role of ocular tissue material properties in glaucomatous damage can be determined. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States and in the world with an estimate of 60 million people affected by this year [1]. It is caused by damage to

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Zhang, Xiaofeng, Vladislav Y. Toronov, Monica Fabiani, Gabriele Gratton, and Andrew G. Webb. "The study of cerebral hemodynamic and neuronal response to visual stimulation using simultaneous NIR optical tomography and BOLD fMRI in humans." In Biomedical Optics 2005, edited by Kenneth E. Bartels, Lawrence S. Bass, Werner T. W. de Riese, et al. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.593435.

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Li, Chunlin, Takanori Kochiyama, Jinglong Wu, Dehua Chui, Takaaki Tsuge, and Kunihiko Osaka. "Attention systems and neural responses to visual and auditory stimuli: an fMRI study." In 2007 IEEE/ICME International Conference on Complex Medical Engineering. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccme.2007.4381995.

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Peng Yuan, Yijun Wang, Wei Wu, Honglai Xu, Xiaorong Gao, and Shangkai Gao. "Study on an online collaborative BCI to accelerate response to visual targets." In 2012 34th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2012.6346284.

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Ramirez-Mendoza, A. "Study of the response of the connection of adaptive fuzzy spiking neurons with self-synapse in each single neuron." In 2014 11th International Conference on Electrical Engineering, Computing Science and Automatic Control (CCE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iceee.2014.6978330.

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Myers, Kristin M., and Thao D. Nguyen. "The Bulge Inflation Response of Bovine Sclera." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204250.

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Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in the United States and in the world [1]. It is caused by damage to the retinal ganglion cells (RGC), a type of neuron that transmits visual information to the brain. Despite therapeutic efforts to reduce the rate of vision loss in glaucoma patients, the rate of blindness remains high [2]. There is evidence that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) plays an important role in the damage to RGCs [3–5], but the relationship between the mechanical properties of the connective tissue and how it affects the cellular function is not understood. The l

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Coudrillier, Baptiste, Kristin M. Myers, and Thao D. Nguyen. "The Biomechanical Response of Normal and Glaucoma Human Sclera." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19354.

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By 2010, 60 million people will have glaucoma, the second leading cause of blindness worldwide [1]. The disease is characterized by a progressive degeneration of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC), a type of neuron that transmits visual information to the brain. It is well know that elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is a risk factor in the damage to the RGCs [3–5], but the relationship between the mechanical properties of the ocular connective tissue and how it affects cellular function is not well characterized. The cornea and the sclera are collage-rich structures that comprise the outer loa

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Pan, Jie, Xiaorong Gao, and Shangkai Gao. "An fMRI Study on the Spectral and Spatial Properties of Steady-State Visual Evoked Response." In 2009 2nd International Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Informatics. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bmei.2009.5304891.

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Mirzajani, A., M. A. Oghabian, N. Riyahi-Alam, H. Saberi, K. Firouznia, and M. Bakhtiary. "Spatial frequency modulates the human visual cortical response to temporal frequency variation: an fMRI study." In Conference Proceedings. Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iembs.2006.260078.

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