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Academic literature on the topic 'Neurones sensitifs – Physiologie'
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Journal articles on the topic "Neurones sensitifs – Physiologie"
Dean, J. B., and J. A. Boulant. "Delayed firing rate responses to temperature in diencephalic slices." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 263, no. 3 (September 1, 1992): R679—R684. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1992.263.3.r679.
Full textRIND, F. CLAIRE. "IDENTIFICATION OF DIRECTIONALLY SELECTIVE MOTION-DETECTING NEURONES IN THE LOCUST LOBULA AND THEIR SYNAPTIC CONNECTIONS WITH AN IDENTIFIED DESCENDING NEURONE." Journal of Experimental Biology 149, no. 1 (March 1, 1990): 21–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.149.1.21.
Full textSONG, YUNING, and CURTIS L. BAKER. "Neural mechanisms mediating responses to abutting gratings: Luminance edgesvs.illusory contours." Visual Neuroscience 23, no. 2 (March 2006): 181–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952523806232036.
Full textKarmeier, K., J. H. van Hateren, R. Kern, and M. Egelhaaf. "Encoding of Naturalistic Optic Flow by a Population of Blowfly Motion-Sensitive Neurons." Journal of Neurophysiology 96, no. 3 (September 2006): 1602–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00023.2006.
Full textThompson, Gregory W., Magda Horackova, and J. Andrew Armour. "Sensitivity of canine intrinsic cardiac neurons to H2O2and hydroxyl radical." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 275, no. 4 (October 1, 1998): H1434—H1440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1998.275.4.h1434.
Full textInokuchi, A., Y. Oomura, N. Shimizu, and T. Yamamoto. "Central action of glucagon in rat hypothalamus." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 250, no. 1 (January 1, 1986): R120—R126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1986.250.1.r120.
Full textKanda, Shinji, Yasuhisa Akazome, Takuya Matsunaga, Naoyuki Yamamoto, Shunji Yamada, Hiroko Tsukamura, Kei-ichiro Maeda, and Yoshitaka Oka. "Identification of KiSS-1 Product Kisspeptin and Steroid-Sensitive Sexually Dimorphic Kisspeptin Neurons in Medaka (Oryzias latipes)." Endocrinology 149, no. 5 (January 17, 2008): 2467–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2007-1503.
Full textDogas, Z., M. Krolo, E. A. Stuth, M. Tonkovic-Capin, F. A. Hopp, D. R. McCrimmon, and E. J. Zuperku. "Differential Effects of GABAA Receptor Antagonists in the Control of Respiratory Neuronal Discharge Patterns." Journal of Neurophysiology 80, no. 5 (November 1, 1998): 2368–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1998.80.5.2368.
Full textZhang, Tao, and Kenneth H. Britten. "The Responses of VIP Neurons Are Sufficiently Sensitive to Support Heading Judgments." Journal of Neurophysiology 103, no. 4 (April 2010): 1865–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00401.2009.
Full textAggarwal, Sanya, Celion Tang, Kristen Sing, Hyun Wook Kim, Robert P. Millar, and Javier A. Tello. "Medial Amygdala Kiss1 Neurons Mediate Female Pheromone Stimulation of Luteinizing Hormone in Male Mice." Neuroendocrinology 108, no. 3 (December 10, 2018): 172–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496106.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Neurones sensitifs – Physiologie"
Dufresne, Caroline. "Relais des informations sensorielles dans le système paralemniscal : études in vivo et in vitro chez le rat." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23798/23798.pdf.
Full textMantilleri, Annabelle. "Rôle de Tafa4 dans la spécification et la physiologie des nocicepteurs." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM4092.
Full textThe perception of pain is initiated by the detection of noxious stimuli by the peripheral endings of primary nociceptive neurons. They are a specialized group of small-diameter pseudounipolar neurons with cell bodies in the dorsal roots ganglia (DRG). They give rise to thinly myelinated (Ad-fibers) or unmyelinated (C-fibers) afferent fibers, which convey the signal from the periphery to the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Our laboratory is interested in molecular mechanisms which underlie the specification of somatic sensory neurons and their properties. In order to find novel molecular factors involved in this process, we identified several new nociceptor subtype specific genes by microarray experiments. Among these genes, tafa4 which encodes a small secreted protein distantly related to CC chemokine with unknown function, appears to have a DRG-specific expression from early developmental stages and becomes restricted to a subset of C-fibers non-peptidergic nociceptors in adult DRG. By using transgenic mice, we show that Tafa4 neurons specifically project to the dorsal horn lamina IIi and innervate the hairy skin. They have electrophysiological signature of C-Low-threshold mechanoreceptors (C-LTMRs), a population of sensory neurons implicated in the injury-induced mechanical hyper-sensitivity as well as in the affective component of touch. Mutant mice lacking Tafa4 do not present developmental defects and specify Tafa4 population correctly. However, despite no obvious molecular changes in Tafa4 mutants, these mice display significant increase in tissue injury induced hyper-sensitivity which could be reduced by intrathecally applied Tafa4 protein
Blais, Mathieu. "Influence des facteurs neurotrophiques et des fibres nerveuses dans la peau reconstruite par génie tissulaire." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29969/29969.pdf.
Full textThe skin is an organ densely innervated and vascularized. The establishment of the cutaneous nervous system depends on the secretion of neurotrophic factors by the skin. Meanwhile, the establishment of the vascular network also depends on soluble instructive cues. The work presented in this thesis describes new paracrine interactions. While interactions from skin to sensory neurons for the development of innervation and interactions from sensory neurons to blood vessel for vasodilation of the vasculature are described elsewhere, we demonstrate here the influence of neurotrophic factors on the vascular network and the influence of sensory neurons on the reepithelialization of wounds. Our overall goal was to clarify the influence of the neurotrophic and nervous contexts on the homeostasis of the skin. First, we hypothesized that in addition to their neuronal contribution, neurotrophic factors also influence the vascular network. We show that NGF, BDNF, NT-3 and GDNF are expressed in the epidermis, while NGF and NT-3 are expressed by fibroblasts and BDNF by endothelial cells. Finally, Schwann cells produce NGF, BDNF and GDNF. We show that these peptides are very potent angiogenic factors using a model of human endothelialized reconstructed dermis by tissue engineering. An increase of 40 to 80% of the number of capillary-like tubes was observed after the addition of 10 ng/ml NGF, 0.1 ng/ml of BDNF, 15 ng/ml of NT-3, and 50 ng/ml of GDNF. This angiogenic effect depends on the neurotrophic factor receptor TrkA, TrkB, GFRa-1 and c-ret that are all expressed by human endothelial cells. This effect was blocked by adding the Trk inhibitor K252a for NGF, BDNF and NT-3. Second, we hypothesized that sensory neurons directly influence reepithelialization by secreting the neuropeptide substance P. To verify this, we developed a new model of reepithelialization. It consists of a perforated epidermal equivalent expressing a green fluorescent protein stacked on a dermal equivalent that is used as a bed for reepithelialization. The reconstructed skin is endothelialized and innervated or not with sensory neurons of mouse. Sensory neurons produce substance P in the model and keratinocytes express the NK1 cell receptor for substance P. Keratinocyte migration was quantified by fluorescence. Reepithelialization was faster in presence of sensory neurons and we show that substance P contributes to this effect with agonist and antagonist of the NK1 cell receptor. The overall results provide a better understanding of the importance of the neurotrophic and sensory contexts in the skin. Thus, cutaneous innervation does not only contribute to the sensory detection. Our findings may suggest that improving nerve regeneration would improve skin long term tissue homeostasis.
Gerenton, Grégory. "Mesures non invasives de l'activité electrophysiologique des cellules sensorielles et des neurones auditifs. Applications au diagnostic de pathologies de l'oreille interne." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF1MM17/document.
Full textThanks to technology miniaturization as well as digital computing abilities steadily increasing, objective measurement methods and their related devices evolve. Echodia company was created in 2009 with the goal to create new diagnostic tools. The company currently supports my research work through a CIFRE convention.The first part of this thesis presents two non-invasive measurement methods that have been implemented to the diagnosis of cochlear hydrops. The methods are based on the responses of cochlear hair cells to sound stimuli, depending themselves on the resting position of their stereocilia bundles. Cochlear hydrops, a hallmark of Meniere's disease, is likely to disturb this environment. A chemical or mechanical variation of this environment may be observed by various objective exploration methods. The first method is based on an electrophysiological recording. By studying the Summating Potential (SP) of the Electrocochleography (ECOG) we will register activity in the basal part of the cochlea. The second method is based on a sound recording in the external acoustic meatus. By monitoring the phase shifts of Distortion-Product OtoAcoustic Emissions (DPOAE), we will record the apical responses of the cochlea.The second part of this thesis focuses on a study in which we recorded concomitantly the SP (basal) and the DPOAE (apical) in 73 patients with Menière's disease, close to an attack (n = 40) or between attacks without clinical symptoms (n = 33). In the case of DPOAE, the phase at 2*f1-f2 has been studied in response to pure sinusoidal sounds at frequency f1 = 1 kHz and f2 = 1,2 kHz. The power of the two primary was set between 70 and 75dB SPL based on the level of the DPOAE. The SP to Action Potential (AP) ratio has been measured by extra-tympanic electrode in response to 95dB nHL clicks. These two measurements were performed several times during a postural test to evaluate their stability.The normal limit of the phase shift of the DPOAE during a postural test [-18 °, +38 °] was exceeded in 75% of patients near an attack. On these subjects, the study of the SP/AP ratio exceeded the normal value (<0.40) in 60% of cases. In addition, the two types of measurements made on patients near a vertigo attack reveal fluctuations between reiteration. These differences highlight how hydrops hinders the proper functioning of the cochlear mechanics. This short time scales fluctuations might explain the imperfect diagnostic sensitivity of SP and DPOAE tests, as averaging procedures would tend to level out transient fluctuations characteristic of hydrops
Ali, Agha Moutaz. "Physiologie des récepteurs gustatifs chez la mouche de vinaigre (Drosophila melanogaster)." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLA037/document.
Full textIn most animals including insects, ingestion is preceded by a close examination of the food, for example in order to detect the presence of potentially noxious chemicals. This detection involves specialized gustatory cells, which are generally described as sensitive to “bitter” tastes. Using electrophysiology and behavioral observations, we studied how a model insect, Drosophila melanogaster, can detect potentially toxic substances (described here as “bitter”) when mixed with sugar molecules, with their gustatory neurons. In a first part, we studied how L-canavanine is detected. Lcanavanine is a pseudo amino acid, which is confounded with L-arginine by the metabolism. Proteins which include Lcanavanine are non-functional and this compound is toxic for animals including insects. Using genetic constructions based on the UAS-Gal4 expression system, we showed that Lcanavanine is detected by gustatory cells expressing a receptor protein, GR66a, which is specific to most cells capable of detecting bitter substances. We also showed that, contrary to caffeine, the detection of L-canavanine requires functional Gαo proteins. Then, we studied some aspects of the detection of mixtures of sweet and bitter molecules. In a first approach, we contributed to establish that L-canavanine does not impact sugar detection, while other chemicals like strychnine completely inhibit sugar detection. By using the UAS-Gal4 system to ablate bitter-sensitive cells, we could demonstrate that such inhibition is a specific property of sugar- sensitive cells. These cells should have thus receptors for bitter substances which have not been identified yet. We also examined the reverse interaction, which is a possible role of sweet molecules to inhibit the detection of bitter substances. We examined the detection of denatonium, berberine, caffeine and umbelliferone in the presence of 12 different sugars, using behavioral and electrophysiology observations. By using genetic construction to ablate sugar-sensitive cells, we found that the sugar inhibitory action is not due to the presence of sugar-sensitive cells. It should be noted, however that in our experimental conditions, this inhibitory action is less efficient than the inhibition of bitter upon sugar detection. In a last part, we examined the modulation of gustatory perception by analogs of leucokinine, which is a neuropeptide involved in the diuresis of insects. We show that these analogs, when mixed with sugars in solution, can inhibit sugar detection by gustatory sensilla, both in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in Drosophila. The detection of bitter molecules by gustatory neurons in Drosophila thus involves two main coding channels: one is specific, and involves gustatory cells dedicated to the detection of bitter molecules; the second one, less specific, is affecting cells which are dedicated to the detection of sugar molecules. Gustatory coding is thus a more complex phenomenon than previously thought on the basis of examining responses to single molecules, thus urging to study the responses of gustatory receptors to more complex and natural mixtures
Coste, Bertrand. "Rôle du canal sodium Nav1. 9 dans l'excitabilité des neurones sensoriels des ganglions rachidiens." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX20658.
Full textGhamari, Langroudi Masoud. "Analysis of caesium sensitive membrane conductances in neurones of supraoptic nucleus." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=37893.
Full textColavita, Michelangelo. "Dynamics of hippocampal networks revealed by voltage sensitive dye imaging." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0424.
Full textIn order to better understand brain functioning we need to investigate all the structural domains present in it, from single cell to interconnected entire brain regions. However, while our knowledge in terms of single/few cells functioning is vast, very little is known about neuronal networks, which are interacting collections of neurons functionally related to the same task. Moreover, the balanced and concerted activity of excitatory and inhibitory networks plays a key role for proper cortical computations. However, while exist several tools to record excitatory networks activity, this is not the case for inhibitory networks. Voltage sensitive dye imaging (VSDI) is a technique that allows the recording of neuronal activity by mean of proportional emission of fluorescence according to changes in membrane potential. The advantage of using VSDI over other recording techniques using electrodes is that VSDI allows not invasive recording of neuronal activity from hundreds of sites at the same time. During my doctoral course I aimed at studying in detail excitatory and inhibitory neuronal networks in the CA1 area of mouse hippocampus with VSDI. To study excitatory networks more comprehensively, in collaboration with a team of mathematicians, we developed a mathematical algorithm that allowed measuring the velocity and the direction of spreading of the VSDI signal and it represents a new method to determine an optical flow. After successful validation of the algorithm with surrogate data to test its accuracy, we analysed two set of experiments in which network excitatory activity has been manipulated either by increasing Schaffer’s collaterals stimulation intensity or by blocking GABAergic transmission with the GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin in order to increase the depolarization in the CA1 region of the hippocampus. The results of these manipulations significantly decreased signal velocity whereas picrotoxin application significantly modified the direction of spreading, making the depolarization-mediated VSDI signal less dispersed compared to control. Using VSDI I was able to fully characterize GABAA receptor-mediated hyperpolarizing signals in all the CA1 sublayers (field IPSPs), thus providing a new way of monitoring inhibitory events at network level. Moreover, I found that the activation of mGluR5 receptors induced an increase in a long-lasting manner of the VSDI-recorded field IPSPs, with duration and magnitude that relied on the specific CA1 sublayer considered. Overall, my work shows new methodologies and new findings that may represent a step forward in the quest for a better understanding of neuronal networks, both excitatory as well as inhibitory, which hopefully can contribute to reduce the gap of knowledge between single cell activity and behaviour
Vacher, Jonathan. "Synthèse de textures dynamiques pour l'étude de la vision en psychophysique et électrophysiologie." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED005/document.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to propose a mathematical model of visual stimulations in order to finely analyze experimental data in psychophysics and electrophysiology. More precisely, it is necessary to develop a set of dynamic, stochastic and parametric stimulations in order to exploit data analysis techniques from Bayesian statistics and machine learning. This problem is important to understand the visual system capacity to integrate and discriminate between stimuli. In particular, the measures performed at different scales (neurons, neural population, cognition) allow to study the particular sensitivities of neurons, their functional organization and their impact on decision making. To this purpose, we propose a set of theoretical, numerical and experimental contributions organized around three principal axes: (1) a Gaussian dynamic texture synthesis model specially crafted to probe vision; (2) a Bayesian observer model that accounts for the positive effect of spatial frequency over speed perception; (3) the use of machine learning techniques to analyze voltage sensitive dye optical imaging and extracellular data. This work, at the crossroads of neurosciences, psychophysics and mathematics is the fruit of several interdisciplinary collaborations
Seabrooke, Sara. "Regulatory Effects of the Actin-binding Proteins Moesin and MyosinII on Synaptic Activity at the Drosophila Neuromuscular Junction." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/26383.
Full textBooks on the topic "Neurones sensitifs – Physiologie"
Price, Chane, Zahid Huq, Eellan Sivanesan, and Constantine Sarantopoulos. Pain Pathways and Pain Physiology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190457006.003.0001.
Full textP, Rauschecker Josef, and Marler Peter, eds. Imprinting and cortical plasticity: Comparative aspects of sensitive periods. New York: Wiley, 1987.
Find full text(Editor), Stephen Moss, and Jeremy Henley (Editor), eds. Receptor and Ion-Channel Trafficking: Cell Biology of Ligand-Gated and Voltage Sensitive Ion Channels. Oxford University Press, USA, 2002.
Find full text1937-, Moss Stephen John, and Henley Jeremy, eds. Receptor and ion-channel trafficking: Cell biology of ligand-gated and voltage-sensitive ion channels (molecular and cellular neurobiology). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002.
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