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Journal articles on the topic 'Neutral fraction'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Vogels, J. M. M. J., L. U. E. Konings, and D. C. Schram. "Source Properties of a Hollow Cathode Arc Plasma." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 41, no. 4 (1986): 585–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1986-0402.

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Experiments have been carried out on the properties of a hollow cathode as an ion-source.The measured electron density, ion and neutral temperatures and drift velocities have been compared with predictions from the conservation laws for matter, momentum and energy.Very large exit drift velocities of ions and neutrals are observed. The magnitude and direction, against the electric field, can be explained on the basis of the momentum balance. At weak magnetic field strengths even supersonic drift velocities are found. The charge flux carried by the ions is about five percent of the net arc curre

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2

Szykuła, Jerzy, Cezary Hebda, Józef Orpiszewski, and Klaudia Sagańska. "Microbial transformation of neutral fraction and upgraded neutral fraction of Polish tall oil." Biotechnology Letters 13, no. 12 (1991): 917–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01022099.

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3

Hajihoseini, H., N. Brenning, M. Rudolph, et al. "Target ion and neutral spread in high power impulse magnetron sputtering." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 41, no. 1 (2023): 013002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0002292.

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In magnetron sputtering, only a fraction of the sputtered target material leaving the ionization region is directed toward the substrate. This fraction may be different for ions and neutrals of the target material as the neutrals and ions can exhibit a different spread as they travel from the target surface toward the substrate. This difference can be significant in high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) where a substantial fraction of the sputtered material is known to be ionized. Geometrical factors or transport parameters that account for the loss of produced film-forming species

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4

Jin, Xiangyu, Jinyi Yang, Xiaohui Fan та ін. "(Nearly) Model-independent Constraints on the Neutral Hydrogen Fraction in the Intergalactic Medium at z ∼ 5–7 Using Dark Pixel Fractions in Lyα and Lyβ Forests". Astrophysical Journal 942, № 2 (2023): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca678.

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Abstract Cosmic reionization was the last major phase transition of hydrogen from neutral to highly ionized in the intergalactic medium (IGM). Current observations show that the IGM is significantly neutral at z > 7 and largely ionized by z ∼ 5.5. However, most methods to measure the IGM neutral fraction are highly model dependent and are limited to when the volume-averaged neutral fraction of the IGM is either relatively low ( x ¯ H I ≲ 10 − 3 ) or close to unity ( x ¯ H I ∼ 1 ). In particular, the neutral fraction evolution of the IGM at the critical redshift range of z = 6–7 is poorly co

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5

Radeta, Milena, Jasna Novakovic, Milanka Vico-Stevanovic, Slobodanka Simic, and Aleksandar Pirozkov. "Isolation of thymus gland fractions and the determination of their biological activity." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 72, no. 3 (2007): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0703225r.

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A calf thymus extract was prepared and fractionated into lipid and non-lipid fractions. The non-lipid fraction was isolated from the calf thymus extract using the Folch method. The components isolated from the non-lipid fraction were characterized by IR, NMR, biuret and HPLC method. The results of the analyses indicated the presence of peptides. The lipid fraction contained phospholipids, glycolipids and neutral lipids. The biological activity of both the isolated lipid and peptide fractions was determined by the in vivo hemolytic plaques method in Wistar rats with an involuted thymus. The pep

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Sahib, Lasna, K. Ally, K. S. Ajith, Biju Chacko, G. Radhika, and K. S. Anil. "Evaluation of chemical composition, fibre fractions and carbohydrate and protein partitioning of paddy straw, Guinea grass, and hybrid Napier (CO5)." Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 56, no. 2 (2025): 268–73. https://doi.org/10.51966/jvas.2025.56.2.268-273.

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The nutritional evaluation of fodder resources is essential for optimising ruminant feeding strategies. This study assessed the chemical composition, fibre fractions and CNCPS (Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System) carbohydrate and protein partitioning of paddy straw, Guinea grass and Hybrid Napier (CO5). Four samples of each fodder were analysed for dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, ash, neutral detergent fibre, acid detergent fibre, lignin, starch, buffer soluble protein, non-protein nitrogen, neutral detergent insoluble protein, and acid detergent insoluble protein. Carbohydr

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7

Hegde, Supreetha, and Niels Maness. "HEMICELLULOSE APPARENT MOLECULAR SIZE CHANGES DURING SOFTENING OF PEACH FRUIT." HortScience 29, no. 7 (1994): 737d—737. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.7.737d.

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Peach fruit softening appears to be associated with changes in cell wall polymers, particularly pectins and hemicelluloses. To determine changes of cell wall polymers associated with peach fruit softening, we conducted sequential extractions of pectin and hemicellulose from softening fruit. A more tightly bound hemicellulose fraction contained considerable amounts of pectin associated sugars. This fraction was separated into charged and neutral fractions, using anion exchange chromatography, and then fractionated into two apparent molecular weight classes by size exclusion chromatography. Virt

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WARAHAPSARI, FATIMAH AYU, GANIS LUKMANDARU, MASENDRA, and ANDRIAN FERNANDES. "SHORT NOTES: A CHEMOTAXONOMIC STUDY OF THE RESINS FROM THREE DIPTEROCARP SPECIES (Shorea macrophylla, Shorea pinanga, and Shorea hopeifolia)." Wood Research 68, no. 3 (2023): 592–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37763/wr.1336-4561/68.3.592599.

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A chemotaxonomic study on the resins of Shorea macrophylla, Shorea pinanga, and Shorea hopeifolia was conducted. The dichloromethane extracts were separated into neutral and acidic fractions and then analyzed using GC-MS. The neutral fraction analysis revealed that spathulenol, caryophyllene oxide, aromadendrene oxide, and isoaromadendrene epoxide were the major constituents in all three species. Furthermore, the main compound in the neutral fraction of Shorea hopeifolia was isocaryophyllene which was undetected in the other two species. The major constituent of the acidic fraction of the thre

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9

Wiyono, Bambang, Sanro Tachibana, and Tinambunan Djaban. "CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF PINE RESIN, ROSIN AND TURPENTINE OIL FROM WEST JAVA." JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH 3, no. 1 (2006): 7–17. https://doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2006.3.1.7-17.

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  This study was conducted to identify chemical composition of merkus pine resin, rosin and turpentine oil. Initially, pine resin was separated into neutral and acidic fractions with an aqueous 4% sodium hydroxide solution. After methylation, the fraction containing turpentine oil and rosin were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC), and gas chromatograph mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. The neutral fraction of pine resin and turpentine oil mainly consisted of a-pinene, D-3-carene and b-pinene. Based on mass spectral comparison, the major constituents of the acidic fraction and rosi

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10

Dennis, R. D., S. Baumeister, C. Smuda, C. Lochnit, T. Waider, and E. Geyer. "Initiation of chemical studies on the immunoreactive glycolipids of adult Ascaris suum." Parasitology 110, no. 5 (1995): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000065331.

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SUMMARYThere is a general lack of basic information concerning one class of glycoconjugate, the glycolipids, from parasitic nematodes. As the prototype, the neutral glycolipid fraction derived from adult males of Ascaris suum was investigated as to its chromatographic, differential chemical staining, antigenic and chemical properties. The thin-layer chromato-graphy-resolved neutral fraction glycolipids could be classified into components of fast and slow migrating band groups. Immunoreactivity was restricted to the latter as detected by IgG and IgM anti-neutral fraction glycolipid antibody lev

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11

Sobhi, Widad, Bachra Khettal, Messaoud Belmouhoub, Djebbar Atmani, Pierre Duez, and Mustapha Benboubetra. "Hepatotoxicity and Langerhans Islets Regenerative Effects of Polar and Neutral Lipids of Nigella sativa L. in Nicotinamide/streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats." Pteridines 22, no. 1 (2011): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pteridines.2011.22.1.97.

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Abstract The extracted oil from Nigella sativa seeds is reported to be effective against various diseases and chemicallyinduced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. The effect of oral administration of Nigella sativa total, polar and neutral oils was investigated on hepatoprotective status in streptozotocin/nicotinamide (STZ-N)-induced diabetic rats. The toxicity was assessed biochemically by monitoring aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transpeptitase (g-GT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) activities as well as biluribin titre and histologically under light m

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12

S. Raju, T. "Polysaccharidecomponents of the water‐soluble mucilage from the bark of thesilk cotton or kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra var. indica)." Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry 25, no. 3 (1997): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1470-8744.1997.tb00435.x.

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The mucilaginous polysaccharide complex isolated from the bark of the silk cotton or kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra var. indica) upon delignification followed by graded Cetavlon and ethanol precipitation afforded acidic and neutral polysaccharide fractions which were further purified by ion‐exchange chromatography. The acidic fractions contained two structurally similar glucuronorhamnogalacturonans with different physical properties [Raju, Gowda and Anjaneyalu (1989) Carbohydr. Res. 191, 321Ő332]. The neutral polysaccharide fraction was further fractionated by DMSO into DMSO‐soluble and DMSO‐inso

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13

Istokovics, Anita, Naoki Morita, Kazuo Izumi, et al. "Neutral lipids, phospholipids, and a betaine lipid of the snow mold fungus Microdochium nivale." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 44, no. 11 (1998): 1051–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/w98-094.

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The hyphae of the snow mold Microdochium nivale contained lipids in a yield of about 10% w/w of the dry matter of hyphae. The total lipid was fractionated into neutral and polar lipid fractions. In the neutral lipid fraction, triacylglylcerol was the sole major component. As minor components, ergosterol, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, and fatty acyl ergosterol were identified. The polar lipid fraction contained phospholipids, glycolipids, and a lipid containing neither phosphorus nor sugar. Phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, and phosphati

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14

Fan, L., J. Harris, F. Roddick, and N. Booker. "Fouling of microfiltration membranes by the fractional components of natural organic matter in surface water." Water Supply 2, no. 5-6 (2002): 313–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2002.0185.

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This paper examines the effect of the fractional components of natural organic matter (NOM) in surface water on the fouling of microfiltration membranes. The results are shown for the NOM derived from the Mt. Zero drinking water reservoir located in the state of Victoria, but they are representative of the other two water reservoirs investigated in the full study. The NOM was concentrated and isolated into four fractions according to hydrophobicity and charge using non-functionalised and anionic resins. Filtration experiments were conducted in a stirred cell using 0.22 μm hydrophobic and surfa

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15

Brandão, Dayse Lucia do Nascimento, Michel Tavares Martins, Adreanne Oliveira Silva, et al. "Anti-malarial activity and toxicity of Aspidosperma nitidum Benth: a plant used in traditional medicine in the Brazilian Amazon." Research, Society and Development 9, no. 10 (2020): e5059108817. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.8817.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the antiplasmodial activity and toxicity of the extract and fractions obtained from the bark of Aspidosperma nitidum. The ethanol extract obtained from the powdered bark of plants was acid-base partitioned and phytochemically analyzed. The antiplasmodial activity, in vivo antimalarial activity and in vitro cytotoxicity were acessed. The selectivity index (SI) was calculated. The acute oral toxicity and pathological effects, of the ethanol extract was evaluated in mice. The major constituent of the ethanol extract was suggestive of a β-carboline chromo

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16

Chijimatsu, Takeshi, Miki Umeki, Yuji Okuda, Koji Yamada, Hiroaki Oda, and Satoshi Mochizuki. "The fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract reduce serum cholesterol and enhance bile acid biosynthesis and sterol excretion in hypercholesterolaemic rats fed a high-cholesterol diet." British Journal of Nutrition 105, no. 4 (2010): 526–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004058.

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We investigated whether the fat and protein fractions of freshwater clam (Corbicula fluminea) extract (FCE) could ameliorate hypercholesterolaemia in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet. We also explored the mechanism and the components that exert the hypocholesterolaemic effect of FCE. The doses of the fat and protein fractions were equivalent to those in 30 % FCE. The fat and protein fractions of FCE, two major components of FCE, significantly reduced the serum and hepatic cholesterol levels. The fat fraction more strongly reduced serum cholesterol levels than the same level of total FCE. The e

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17

Nahar, Nilufar, AKM Ahsan Habib, SM Mizanur Rahman, and Tofail Ahmed Chowdhury. "Structure Elucidation of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Cauliflower." Dhaka University Journal of Science 64, no. 1 (2016): 83–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujs.v64i1.28529.

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Arabinogalactan and rhamnogalactglucuronan were isolated from soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of cauliflower. The isolated SDF was fractioned into neutral and acidic parts by ion-exchange column chromatography using DEAESepharose Cl-6B gel. Structure elucidation of the isolated SDF polysaccharides were determined sugar analysis, 1HNMR, H-H COSY and TOCSY spectroscopic studies. Neutral fraction of cauliflower was found to be composed of galactose, arabinose and rhamnose whereas the acidic part was found to contain rhamnose, galactose, galacturonic and glucuronic acids. The main chain of the neutral

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18

Fausey, H. M., A. J. van der Horst, N. R. Tanvir, et al. "Revisiting the Intergalactic Medium around GRB 130606A and Constraints on the Epoch of Reionization." Astrophysical Journal 985, no. 1 (2025): 28. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/adc5fc.

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Abstract Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are excellent probes of the high-redshift Universe due to their high luminosities and the relatively simple intrinsic spectra of their afterglows. They can be used to estimate the fraction of neutral hydrogen (i.e., the neutral fraction) in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at different redshifts through the examination of their Lyα damping wing with high-quality optical-to-near-infrared spectra. Neutral fraction estimates can help trace the evolution of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR), a key era of cosmological history in which the IGM underwent a phase change fr

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Chong Soh, Yeow, Felicity Roddick, and John van Leeuwen. "The impact of alum coagulation on the character, biodegradability and disinfection by-product formation potential of reservoir natural organic matter (NOM) fractions." Water Science and Technology 58, no. 6 (2008): 1173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2008.475.

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Natural Organic Matter (NOM) from Myponga Reservoir, South Australia, was separated into four organic fractions based on their hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties using a sequence of non-ionic and ionic resins. NOM fractions were isolated for the purpose of determining the impact of alum coagulation on removal of these fractions in conventional water treatment, and their potential as precursors in the formation of disinfection by-products (DBP) and in supporting microbial growth. The NOM comprised VHA (very hydrophobic acids), SHA (slightly hydrophobic acids), CHA (charged hydrophilics) and

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Boschini, Carlos. "Degradabilidad in situ de la materia seca, proteína y fibra del forraje de morera (Morus alba)." Agronomía Mesoamericana 12, no. 1 (2006): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/am.v12i1.17290.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the ruminal degradability of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and their fractions, contained in regrowth of mulberry at 56, 84 and 112 days. The degradation of leaves, stems and the whole plant was calculated. The potential degradability of these three components diminished as the regrowth aged. The soluble fraction of the dry matter was reduced from 29% to 25% in the leaves and from 27% to 19% in the stems between the 56th and the112th day. The degradable fraction in the stem remained constant (61-63%) on the three measuring days, w

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Zhou, L. X., J. R. Liang, X. H. Zhan, and J. W. C. Wong. "Fractionation and characterization of sludge bacterial extracellular polymers by FT-IR, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR." Water Science and Technology 44, no. 10 (2001): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0584.

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Sludge bacterial extracellular (BEP) polymers exhibit a strong affinity with metals in addition to their role in the bioflocculation of activated sludge. It is of utmost importance in elucidating the chemical characterization of sludge BEP prior to a better understanding of its environmental behavior. Sludge BEP extracted from activated sludge was characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR and fractionated into 6 fractions (hydrophilic acid, base, and neutral; and hydrophobic acid, base, and neutral). The results indicated that sludge BEP contained more polysaccharides but fewer amino acids o

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22

Tejada, Luis, Eva Salazar, Adela Abellán, Begoña Peinado, Juana Mulero, and Jose M. Cayuela. "A comparison of fatty acid profiles and lipolysis during ripening of dry-cured loins obtained from a native pig breed (ChatoMurciano) and from a modern crossbreed pig." Animal Production Science 56, no. 11 (2016): 1928. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15033.

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The fatty acid composition of neutral lipids (NL), polar lipids (PL) and free fatty acids (FFA) was analysed in dry-cured loins obtained from the native pig breed Chato Murciano (CM) and from a modern crossbreed pig genotype (CG) during the ripening stage (between the 30 and 60 days of processing). Fatty acid concentrations from neutral lipids, polar lipids and free fatty acid fractions were affected by breed. With respect to ripening time, lipolysis was more intense in the CG than in CM product, resulting in a decrease in the concentrations of fatty acids in the NL and PL fractions, accompani

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23

Banskota, Arjun H., Joseph P. M. Hui, Alysson Jones, and Patrick J. McGinn. "Characterization of Neutral Lipids of the Oleaginous Alga Micractinum inermum." Molecules 29, no. 2 (2024): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29020359.

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An oleaginous microalga Micractinum inermum isolated from Mariana Lake, AB, Canada was cultured in a 1000 L photobioreactor with an f/2 medium to study its lipid content and neutral lipid profile. Algal biomass was collected at the stationary phase contained a significant amount of lipids (44.2%), as determined by Folch’s method. The lipid was fractionated into neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid fractions. The neutral lipid constitutes almost 77.3% of the total lipid species and is mainly composed of triacylglycerols (TAGs) determined by a proton NMR study. UHPLC-HRMS analysis allows u

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Yeh, Hsuan-Hsien, and Winn-Jung Huang. "The Fate of Dissolved Organics in Water Purification Processes Treating Polluted Raw Water." Water Science and Technology 27, no. 11 (1993): 71–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1993.0266.

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The main purpose of this study is to look into the fate of dissolved organics through conventional water treatment processes preceded by prechlorination with high dosage to treat polluted raw water. In addition to organic surrogate parameters analyses, organics were fractionated into humic acid, fulvic acid, hydrophilic-acid and -neutral-four fractions. The results showed that the removal of hydrophilic fraction organics were limited, and prechlorination probably transformed some organics from other fractions into hydrophilic-neutral fractions. Therefore although prechlorination with high dosa

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25

Chetverneva, Irina A., Oleg Kh Karimov, Galina A. Teptereva, Natalia S. Tivas, Eldar M. Movsumzade, and Elbay R. Babayev. "A USE OF PENTOSAN-CONTAINING FRACTION OF NEUTRAL LIGNOSULFONATES FOR OBTAINING FURANE DERIVATIVES." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENII KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 64, no. 2 (2021): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/ivkkt.20216402.6300.

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The article describes the technological possibility and gives a conditional scheme of obtaining, based on the carbohydrate part of neutral lignosulfonate, useful products such as furfurol, furan, tetrahydrofuran, properties which have a number of significant physicochemical differences from the properties of lignosulfonate obtained as a result of sulphite brews. The article discusses features of aromatic and carbohydrate constituents of neutral lignosulfonates, monomeric units of aromatic part, structure of polysaccharide components of carbohydrate part, as well as lignocarboxylic matrix chara

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26

Terme, Nolwenn, Romain Boulho, Jean-Philippe Kucma, Nathalie Bourgougnon, and Gilles Bedoux. "Radical scavenging activity of lipids from seaweeds isolated by solid-liquid extraction and supercritical fluids." OCL 25, no. 5 (2018): D505. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2018054.

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In vitro antioxidant activities of the lipid fractions from two selected seaweeds, Solieria chordalis and Sargassum muticum were investigated according to the extraction methods. The activity of neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids, thanks to extraction by chloroform/methanol (1/1 v/v; CM) mixture, pure supercritical carbon dioxide (sc-CO2), supercritical carbon dioxide with 2% of ethanol (sc-CO2 + EtOH 2%) and supercritical carbon dioxide with 8% of ethanol as co-solvent (sc-CO2 + EtOH 8%), were studied using DPPH radical scavenging assays. All the lipid classes demonstrated a free r

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27

Moss, A. R., and D. I. Givens. "Improved differentiation of carbohydrate pools using a multiphasic model to describe gas production from cell wall and cell content fractions compared with that from the whole food." BSAP Occasional Publication 22 (1998): 221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00032675.

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Whilst it is recognized that most foods contain a number of different carbohydrate pools most applications of the gas production technique do not allow them to be differentiated despite their likely different nutritional attributes. Schofield and Pell (1995) reported that improved fermentation kinetics of the carbohydrate pools could be obtained by making gas production measurements on the whole food and on its neutral-detergent fibre (NDF) fraction, the data on the neutral-detergent solubles (NDS) being calculated by difference. More recently Doane et al. (1996) proposed an expansion of this

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SÁNCHEZ-ROMERO, CORAL, RAFAEL GUILLÉN, ANTONIA HEREDIA, ANA JIMÉNEZ, and JUAN FERNÁNDEZ-BOLAÑOS. "Degradation of Pectic Polysaccharides in Pickled Green Olives." Journal of Food Protection 61, no. 1 (1998): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-61.1.78.

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The changes that occur in the pectic fractions in the cell wall of olives of the Manzanilla variety (Olea europaea pomiformis) during processing (initial treatment at high pH and subsequent lactic fermentation) have been researched. After studying various conditions for fractionating the pectic polysaccharides, the most adequate were chosen, involving sequential extraction with water, imidazole-hydrochloric acid buffer, sodium carbonate, 1 M potassium hydroxide, and 4 M potassium hydroxide. In the unprocessed fruit, the fractions studied consist mainly of high-molecular-weight acidic polysacch

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29

D. Menachery, Mary, Geoffrey W. Blake, Cathleen Beiswenger, and Alan Freyer. "Alkaloids from the Neutral Fraction of Telitoxicum krukovii." HETEROCYCLES 41, no. 7 (1995): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3987/com-94-7022.

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30

HIKI, YOSHIYUKI, TOHRU KOKUBO, HITOO IWASE, et al. "Underglycosylation of IgA1 Hinge Plays a Certain Role for Its Glomerular Deposition in IgA Nephropathy." Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10, no. 4 (1999): 760–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1681/asn.v104760.

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Abstract. This study was performed to isolate and investigate the IgA1 that could accumulate in glomeruli (glomerulophilic IgA1). IgA1 was fractionated by the electric charge and the reactivity to Jacalin. Serum IgA1 of IgA nephropathy patients was separated and fractionated using a Jacalin column and subsequent ion-exchange chromatography. The fractions were divided into three groups of relatively cationic (C), neutral (N), and anionic (A). IgA1 was also divided into Jacalin low (L), intermediate (I), and high (H) affinity fractions by serial elution using 25, 100, and 800 mM galactose. The l

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31

Cassien, Mathieu, Anne Mercier, Sophie Thétiot-Laurent, et al. "Improving the Antioxidant Properties of Calophyllum inophyllum Seed Oil from French Polynesia: Development and Biological Applications of Resinous Ethanol-Soluble Extracts." Antioxidants 10, no. 2 (2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020199.

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Tamanu oil from Calophyllum inophyllum L. has long been used in traditional medicine. Ethanol extraction was found the best strategy for recovering bioactive compounds from the resin part of Tamanu oil, yielding two neutral and acidic resins fractions with high phenolics, flavonoids and pyranocoumarins concentrations. A further cascade of LPLC/HPLC separations of neutral and acidic resin fractions allowed identifying fifteen metabolites, and among them, calanolide D and 12-oxocalanolide A (both in neutral fraction) were first identified from a natural source. All these extracts, subfractions a

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32

Schmitt, F., F. Martinez, A. Ikeni, et al. "Acute renal effects of neutral endopeptidase inhibition in humans." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 267, no. 1 (1994): F20—F27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.1994.267.1.f20.

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The acute renal effects of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (E-24.11) inhibition induced by a single oral dose of sinorphan (100 mg) were investigated in 10 healthy normotensive subjects on normal sodium diet. Sinorphan inhibited 90% of E-24.11 activity and increased plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and urinary guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) by 70 and 100%, respectively. Sinorphan increased urinary sodium output by 50% (P < 0.001) and decreased fractional distal reabsorption by 4% (P < 0.01). Sinorphan increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and filtration fraction by 1

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33

Mangena, Tumelo, Sultan Hassan, and Mario G. Santos. "Constraining the reionization history using deep learning from 21-cm tomography with the Square Kilometre Array." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 494, no. 1 (2020): 600–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa750.

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ABSTRACT Upcoming 21-cm surveys with the SKA1-LOW telescope will enable imaging of the neutral hydrogen distribution on cosmological scales in the early Universe. These surveys are expected to generate huge imaging data sets that will encode more information than the power spectrum. This provides an alternative unique way to constrain the reionization history, which might break the degeneracy in the power spectral analysis. Using convolutional neural networks, we create a fast estimator of the neutral fraction from the 21-cm maps that are produced by our large seminumerical simulation. Our est

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Heidbrink, W. W., D. Liu, Y. Luo, E. Ruskov та B. Geiger. "A Code that Simulates Fast-Ion Dα and Neutral Particle Measurements". Communications in Computational Physics 10, № 3 (2011): 716–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4208/cicp.190810.080211a.

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AbstractA code that models signals produced by charge-exchange reactions between fast ions and injected neutral beams in tokamak plasmas is described. With the fast-ion distribution function as input, the code predicts the efflux to a neutral particle analyzer (NPA) diagnostic and the photon radiance of Balmer-alpha light to a fast-ion Dα (FIDA) diagnostic. Reactions with both the primary injected neutrals and with the cloud of secondary “halo” neutrals that surround the beam are treated. Accurate calculation of the fraction of neutrals that occupy excited atomic states (the collisional-radiat

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Chisholm, J., J. X. Prochaska, D. Schaerer, S. Gazagnes, and A. Henry. "Optically thin spatially resolved Mg ii emission maps the escape of ionizing photons." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, no. 2 (2020): 2554–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2470.

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ABSTRACT Early star-forming galaxies produced copious ionizing photons. A fraction of these photons escaped gas within galaxies to reionize the entire Universe. This escape fraction is crucial for determining how the Universe became reionized, but the neutral intergalactic medium precludes direct measurement of the escape fraction at high redshifts. Indirect estimates of the escape fraction must describe how the Universe was reionized. Here, we present new Keck Cosmic Web Imager spatially resolved spectroscopy of the resonant Mg ii 2800 Å doublet from a redshift 0.36 galaxy, J1503+3644, with a

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Goss, Charles D., and Beata Gorczyca. "Trihalomethane formation potential of DOC fractions isolated from two Canadian Prairie surface water sources." Water Supply 13, no. 1 (2013): 114–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2012.093.

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This study evaluated the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) composition of two surface waters in Manitoba, Canada, the Red and Assiniboine Rivers, to identify DOC fractions with the greatest potential to form trihalomethanes (THMs). The DOC was fractionated into six fractions based on hydrophobicity and acid base functionality: hydrophobic acid (HPOA), hydrophobic base (HPOB), hydrophobic neutral (HPON), hydrophilic acid (HPIA), hydrophilic base (HPIB), and hydrophilic neutral (HPIN). The trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) of the isolated fractions was measured. Fractions collected from th

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Ďurovčíková, Dominika, Anna-Christina Eilers, Huanqing Chen, et al. "Chronicling the Reionization History at 6 ≲ z ≲ 7 with Emergent Quasar Damping Wings." Astrophysical Journal 969, no. 2 (2024): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad4888.

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Abstract The spectra of high-redshift (z ≳ 6) quasars contain valuable information on the progression of the Epoch of Reionization. At redshifts z < 6, the observed Lyman-series forest shows that the intergalactic medium is nearly ionized, while at z > 7 the observed quasar damping wings indicate high neutral gas fractions. However, there remains a gap in neutral gas fraction constraints at 6 ≲ z ≲ 7 where the Lyman-series forest becomes saturated but damping wings have yet to fully emerge. In this work, we use a sample of 18 quasar spectra at redshifts 6.0 < z < 7.1 to close this

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Holz, R. A., D. J. Wright, and R. N. Perry. "The effect of long term storage on the lipid reserves and fatty acid composition of cysts and hatched juveniles of Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida." Journal of Helminthology 72, no. 2 (1998): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x0001631x.

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AbstractThe lipid composition of three batches of single generation cysts of Globodera rostochiensis, stored dry at 4°C for 1,7 and 13 years, comprised 81%, 74% and 53% neutral lipids, 14%, 18% and 27% non-acidic phospholipids and 5%, 8% and 20% free fatty acids, respectively. Lipids in eggs from two batches of G. pallida cysts, stored for 3 and 7 years, comprised 80% and 67% neutral lipids, 15% and 23% non-acidic phospholipids and 5% and 10% free fatty acids, respectively. All batches contained the same fatty acids which were dominated by C18:l, C20:l and C20:4. The fatty acid profiles of hat

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PERKINS, W. A. "EVIDENCE FOR TWO NEUTRAL PIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics A 16, supp01c (2001): 919–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x01008497.

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Experimental results from π-, K-, Σ- capture, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] annihilations in liquid H2 show that the fraction of captures and annihilations from atomic P states is less than 5% in agreement with theoretical expectations. However, an anomalously large fraction from P states by a factor of ten is inferred from the branching ratios for the reactions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at rest in liquid H2 and liquid D2 respectively. One explanation for this inconsistenct is that the reaction [Formula: see text] is occurring from an atomic S state of protnium,

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Dumasia, M. C., E. Houghton, and M. Jackiw. "Steroids in equine testes: the identification of endogenous 19-hydroxy and 19-nor neutral steroids by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry." Journal of Endocrinology 120, no. 2 (1989): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe.0.1200223.

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ABSTRACT After homogenization of testicular tissue from stallions aged 1, 2 and 5 years, the unconjugated and conjugated steroids were isolated by a combined solvent–solid extraction procedure. The conjugates were further separated into glucuronides and sulphates by chromatography using Sephadex LH-20. After enzyme hydrolysis and solvolysis of the respective conjugate classes, the three extracts, unconjugated steroids, aglycones and solvolysed sulphates, were purified by chromatography using Kieselgel 60H columns. Five fractions were resolved from each extract; an aliquot of each fraction was

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Ball, David W. "A Better Ion Fraction for a Neutral Aqueous Solution." Journal of Chemical Education 89, no. 5 (2012): 683–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed200521v.

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Alponti, Rafaela Fadoni, Patricia Lucio Alves, and Paulo Flavio Silveira. "Novel adipocyte aminopeptidases are selectively upregulated by insulin in healthy and obese rats." Journal of Endocrinology 228, no. 2 (2015): 97–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-15-0266.

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The lack of a complete assembly of the sensitivity of subcellular aminopeptidase (AP) activities to insulin in different pathophysiological conditions has hampered the complete view of the adipocyte metabolic pathways and its implications in these conditions. Here we investigated the influence of insulin on basic AP (APB), neutral puromycin-sensitive AP (PSA), and neutral puromycin-insensitive AP (APM) in high and low density microsomal and plasma membrane fractions from adipocytes of healthy and obese rats. Catalytic activities of these enzymes were fluorometrically monitoring in these fracti

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Kim, H. C., J. H. Hong, and S. Lee. "The fouling of ultrafiltration membranes by natural organic matter after chemical coagulation treatment with different initial mixing conditions." Water Supply 6, no. 4 (2006): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2006.910.

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The flux decline in the UF membrane filtration of water pretreated by chemical coagulation using different initial mixing conditions were compared and the influence of natural organic matter (NOM) on the fouling of membranes was investigated. It was suggested that organic matter in the molecular weight ranges 300–2,000 and 20,000–40,000 Daltons were mainly responsible for the fouling. The fouling was greater for hydrophobic than hydrophilic membranes. ATR-FTIR analysis of the fouled hydrophobic membranes indicated that aliphatic amide and alcoholic compounds as well as polysaccharides contribu

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Kirkland, James B., Tammy M. Bray, and William J. Bettger. "The effect of 3-methylindole on the rates of phospholipid and neutral lipid synthesis in cultured fibroblasts." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 65, no. 8 (1987): 1788–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y87-278.

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The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that a pneumotoxin, 3-methylindole, alters the basic metabolic pathways involved in phospholipid and neutral lipid synthesis in cultured fibroblasts. Rat skin fibroblasts were obtained from day-old pups. Confluent monolayers were preincubated for up to 24 h with a range of concentrations (0–0.76 mM) of 3-methylindole. Following these treatments, the cell lipids were labelled by incubation for 6 h with [14C]glycerol. The lipids were extracted, separated by thin layer chromatography, and the radioactivity in each fraction was determined. 3-Me

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FUJIKAWA, Y., N. SAKURAI, S. SENDO, et al. "Sugar metabolism in expanding husk leaves of flint corn (Zea mays L.) genotypes differing in husk leaf size." Journal of Agricultural Science 139, no. 1 (2002): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859602002319.

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Relationships between leaf expansion and MeOH-soluble (cytosol) and cell-wall fractions, and their sugar composition prior to silking in flint corn lines were studied. A greater husk leaf area of one genotype, X-15 is mainly due to prolonged and higher rate of expansion. Prior to rapid expansion of husk leaf area, neutral sugars in the cytosol fraction accounted for most of the non-starch carbohydrates (56–62%), while hemicellulose and cellulose fractions accounted for less than 20%. In mature leaf parts, however, sugars in the cytosol fraction decreased but those in hemicellulose and cellulos

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Smith, Edward H., and Ahmed A. Alqabany. "Fractionation of natural organic matter in the Nile River: implications for treated water quality." Water Science and Technology 59, no. 10 (2009): 1989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2009.198.

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Recent sampling projects in greater Cairo, Egypt have indicated the presence of trihalomethanes and other chlorine disinfection by-products (DBPs) in the public water supply at levels that are periodically in excess of regulatory limits. Therefore, hydrophobic–hydrophilic fractionation of natural organic matter (NOM) was performed for raw Nile River water samples in order to identify the organic fractions that most readily react with chlorine to produce DBPs. Averages of five events over a 13-month period revealed that the hydrophilic neutral fraction made the highest contribution (35%) to the

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Chrenkova, M., Z. Formelova, Z. Ceresnakova, et al. "Rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and its intestinal digestibility after steam flaking of cereal grains." Czech Journal of Animal Science 63, No. 4 (2018): 160–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/74/2017-cjas.

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While it is known that heat treatment of cereal grains generally improves the nutritional value for ruminants, simultaneous information on rumen degradability and intestinal digestibility of the rumen by-pass is scarce, especially for non-starch constituents. The effect of steam flaking at 90°C for 30 min on protein quality of maize, wheat, and barley was studied. In addition to proximal chemical analyses, protein rumen degradability was determined in vitro and intestinal digestibility of rumen undegraded protein was determined using the mobile bag method. No significant effects of steam flaki

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Sumiarsa, Gede Suwarthama, and Ronald P. Phelps. "FATTY ACID PROFILES OF CYCLOPOID COPEPOD NAUPLII Apocyclops panamensis AND THE EFFECTS OF SALINITY CHANGE." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 2, no. 2 (2007): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.2.2.2007.75-88.

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<p>Lipid and fatty acid profiles were described for copepod nauplii Apocy clops panamensis from fertilized brackish water ponds, and after being acclimated to fullsea water salinity. Mean total lipid content of copepod nauplii collected from ponds fertilized with inorganic fertilizer combined either with alfalfa meal, rice bran, wheat bran, and a combination of these fertilizers ranged from 5.66 ± 0.15 to 7.76% ± 0.27%. Non-polar (neutral) lipid fraction of pond copepod nauplii was a significantly higher percentage of the total lipid content (74.5 ± 1.8 - 93.5% ± 1.0%) compared to those

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Sleptsov, Igor' Vital'yevich, Il'ya Andreyevich Prokopiev, and Alla Nikolayevna Zhuravskaya. "PRIMARY AND SECONDARY METABOLITES LASALLIA PENSYLVANICA." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 4 (December 27, 2019): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2019045213.

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Gyrophoric acid was isolated from thalluses of Lasallia pensylvanica and identification using IR, UV, MS spectrometry and differential scanning calorimetry. It was established that the content of gyrophoric acid in the lichen was 36 mg/g. It was shown that the gyrophoric acid exhibited antioxidant activity relative to the superoxide anion, NO, DPPH and ABTS radicals, inhibited the lipid peroxidation and reduced Fe (II) ions. At the same time, the antiradical activity of the gyrophoric acid relative to the superoxide anion and nitric oxide was higher by 1.3 and 1.6 times, respectively, compared

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Umami, Nafiatul, Dwi Ananta, Zaenal Bachruddin, Bambang Suhartanto, and Chusnul Hanim. "Nutrient content, fiber fraction and ethanol production of three cultivars (Pennisetum purpureum Scumach.)." E3S Web of Conferences 200 (2020): 03008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020003008.

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This study aimed to determine nutrient content, fiber fraction, and ethanol production of three cultivars Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. Cultivars: tifton, king Thailand and local. The design of this study completed a randomized design of three Pennisetum purpureum Schumach cultivars, with three replications for each dose.Grasses were planted with space 1x1 m and then divided into three plots. Variables observed in the study included nutrient content (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, and nitrogen-free extract), fiber fraction (crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and

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