Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neutral gas temperature

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Neutral gas temperature'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Neutral gas temperature"

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Fruchtman, A. "Neutral gas depletion in low temperature plasma." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 50, no. 47 (2017): 473002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa87a9.

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Li, H., C. Xiao, E. Zhang, A. K. Singh, and A. Hirose. "Measurement of neutral gas temperature in inductively coupled plasmas." Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids 166, no. 6 (2011): 399–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10420150.2011.566876.

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Amemiya, Hiroshi. "Influence of neutral gas temperature on small-bore discharge tubes." IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 105, no. 5 (1985): 290–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms1972.105.290.

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O'Connell, D., T. Gans, D. L. Crintea, U. Czarnetzki, and N. Sadeghi. "Neutral gas depletion mechanisms in dense low-temperature argon plasmas." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 41, no. 3 (2008): 035208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/3/035208.

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Bai, Bo, and Herbert Sawin. "Neutral gas temperature measurements within transformer coupled toroidal argon plasmas." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 22, no. 5 (2004): 2014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1778404.

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Davis, Kevin R., and Michael Shuttlesworth. "Energized neutral effects on corrugated gas supply lines." Journal of Fire Sciences 35, no. 5 (2017): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734904117699425.

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In the course of performing fire investigations, it is not uncommon to encounter a fire where the ignition source is identified as electrical in nature. Furthermore, we have all likely encountered a situation where the fire occurred as a result of the neutral circuit being energized (short circuited to line potential). This article will share what occurred during one particular instance where a home owner witnessed and photographed an energized neutral event. Fortunately, a fire did not occur, but easily could have. The home owner photographed the gas appliance connector connected to a water heater that was glowing red hot during the event. It is the intent of this article to share the particulars of this case and explore the effects of an energized neutral circuit as it relates to current flow in a gas appliance connector. The energized neutral circuit was witnessed and documented by the home owner. The glowing gas appliance connector was a real event, not theoretical or staged. The glowing gas appliance connector did not result in a fire; however, it did raise questions regarding the current carrying capability of the gas appliance connector and what level of surface temperatures resulted from the current flow through the short section of gas line. The energized gas appliance connector was duplicated in the lab. The external surface temperature of the gas appliance connector was measured at various current levels and documented.
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Langin, Thomas K., Grant M. Gorman, and Thomas C. Killian. "Laser cooling of ions in a neutral plasma." Science 363, no. 6422 (2019): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aat3158.

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Laser cooling of a neutral plasma is a challenging task because of the high temperatures typically associated with the plasma state. By using an ultracold neutral plasma created by photoionization of an ultracold atomic gas, we avoid this obstacle and demonstrate laser cooling of ions in a neutral plasma. After 135 microseconds of cooling, we observed a reduction in ion temperature by up to a factor of four, with the temperature reaching as low as 50(4) millikelvin. This pushes laboratory studies of neutral plasmas deeper into the strongly coupled regime, beyond the limits of validity of current kinetic theories for calculating transport properties. The same optical forces also retard the plasma expansion, opening avenues for neutral-plasma confinement and manipulation.
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Cruden, Brett A., M. V. V. S. Rao, Surendra P. Sharma, and M. Meyyappan. "Neutral gas temperature estimate in CF4/O2/Ar inductively coupled plasmas." Applied Physics Letters 81, no. 6 (2002): 990–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1497998.

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Witte, M., H. Rosenbauer, M. Banaszkiewicz, and H. Fahr. "The Ulysses neutral gas experiment: Determination of the velocity and temperature of the interstellar neutral helium." Advances in Space Research 13, no. 6 (1993): 121–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(93)90401-v.

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Semerak, Mykhailo, and Hanna Lyantse. "Mathematical modeling and investigation of anomalies of the temperature field of the earth′s crust over oil and gas reservoirs." Physico-mathematical modelling and informational technologies, no. 28, 29 (December 27, 2019): 92–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/fmmit2020.28.092.

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In geothermal studies of oil and gas fields, temperature anomalies were found in the surface layers of the crust. In the paper, mathematical models of temperature fields of the Earth's crust over the oil and gas reservoirs have been constructed. The anomalies of the temperature field in the neutral layer depending on the depth of deposits, the capacity of the reservoir have been investigated using experimental data. A mathematical model of the Earth's crust has been also constructed taking into account its lithological structure. The influence of lithological heterogeneity of the layer on the temperature fields in the neutral layer has been investigated.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neutral gas temperature"

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Berger, T., J. Konheiser, A. V. Anikeev, et al. "Study of high temperature and high density plasmoids in axially symmetrical magnetic fields." Forschungszentrum Dresden, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:d120-qucosa-27870.

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Within the framework of an Institutional Partnership of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novisibirsk (BINP) and Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf worked together in a joint project devoted to the research at the coupled GDT-SHIP facility of the BINP with the focus on the study of plasma phenomena within the SHIP mirror section. The project began at July 1st, 2005 and ended on August 30th, 2008. It included work packages of significant theoretical, computational and analyzing investigations. The focus of this final report is on the presentation of results achieved whereas the work that was done is described briefly only. Chapter 2 illustrates the GDT-SHIP facility and describes shortly the planned topics of the SHIP plasma research. Chapter 3 explains the main extensions and modifications of the Integrated Transport Code System (ITCS) which were necessary for the calculations of the fast ion and neutral gas particle fields in SHIP, describes briefly the scheme of computations and presents significant results of pre-calculations from which conclusions were drawn regarding the experimental program of SHIP. In chapter 4, the theoretical and computational investigations of self-organizing processes in two-component plasmas of the GDT-SHIP device are explained and the results hitherto achieved are presented. In chapter 5, significant results of several experiments with moderate and with enhanced plasma parameters are presented and compared with computational results obtained with the ITCS. Preparing neutron measurements which are planned for neutron producing experiments with deuterium injection, Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations with the MCNP code were also carried out. The results are presented. Finally, from the results obtained within the joint research project important conclusions are drawn in chapter 6.
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Berger, T., J. Konheiser, A. V. Anikeev, et al. "Study of high temperature and high density plasmoids in axially symmetrical magnetic fields." Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 2009. https://hzdr.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A21614.

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Within the framework of an Institutional Partnership of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics Novisibirsk (BINP) and Forschungszentrum Dresden-Rossendorf worked together in a joint project devoted to the research at the coupled GDT-SHIP facility of the BINP with the focus on the study of plasma phenomena within the SHIP mirror section. The project began at July 1st, 2005 and ended on August 30th, 2008. It included work packages of significant theoretical, computational and analyzing investigations. The focus of this final report is on the presentation of results achieved whereas the work that was done is described briefly only. Chapter 2 illustrates the GDT-SHIP facility and describes shortly the planned topics of the SHIP plasma research. Chapter 3 explains the main extensions and modifications of the Integrated Transport Code System (ITCS) which were necessary for the calculations of the fast ion and neutral gas particle fields in SHIP, describes briefly the scheme of computations and presents significant results of pre-calculations from which conclusions were drawn regarding the experimental program of SHIP. In chapter 4, the theoretical and computational investigations of self-organizing processes in two-component plasmas of the GDT-SHIP device are explained and the results hitherto achieved are presented. In chapter 5, significant results of several experiments with moderate and with enhanced plasma parameters are presented and compared with computational results obtained with the ITCS. Preparing neutron measurements which are planned for neutron producing experiments with deuterium injection, Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations with the MCNP code were also carried out. The results are presented. Finally, from the results obtained within the joint research project important conclusions are drawn in chapter 6.
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Tantillo, Francesco Verfasser], Hans-Josef [Akademischer Betreuer] Allelein, Rafael [Akademischer Betreuer] Macián-Juan, and André [Akademischer Betreuer] [Bardow. "Design, implementation and validation of a new neutron spectral code for high temperature gas reactors / Francesco Tantillo ; Hans-Josef Allelein, Rafael Macián-Juan, André Bardow." Aachen : Universitätsbibliothek der RWTH Aachen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1211345882/34.

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Lin, Chung-Han. "The Effects of Thermal, Strain, and Neutron Irradiation on Defect Formation in AlGaN/GaN High Electron Mobility Transistors and GaN Schottky Diodes." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1371466261.

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Durocher-Jean, Antoine. "Diagnostics spectroscopiques de plasmas d'argon à la pression atmosphérique en présence d'espèces réactives." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24644.

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Les travaux réalisés dans le cadre de cette thèse de doctorat caractérisent de manière cohérente la physique des plasmas d'argon à la pression atmosphérique en présence d'espèces réactives. Ces travaux sont motivés par les lacunes manifestes de la compréhension des plasmas froids à la pression atmosphérique, celles-ci étant en grande partie dues au nombre restreint de techniques de diagnostic permettant de les caractériser. Dans ce contexte, des diagnostics optiques permettant l'obtention des propriétés fondamentales (température du gaz et des électrons, densité d'états excités) sont d'abord développés et validés tant pour les plasmas microonde que pour les décharges à barrière diélectriques d'argon à la pression atmosphérique. En particulier, une méthode couplant des mesures d'émission optique des transitions 2p-1s de l'argon à un modèle collisionnel-radiatif décrivant la population des niveaux émetteurs 2p permettant d'obtenir la température des électrons est présentée, de même qu'un moyen d'obtenir la température du gaz à l'aide de mesures d'élargissement spectral de raies et la densité d'états métastables de l'argon à l'aide de mesures de spectroscopie d'absorption par diode laser accordable en longueur d'onde. Par la suite, ces diagnostics optiques sont employés pour étudier l'influence de l'ajout de gaz diatomiques dans un plasma microonde, mettant en évidence l'efficacité avec laquelle ils en viennent à dominer la cinétique de la décharge en absorbant la majorité de la puissance fournie au plasma. Une comparaison entre le bilan de puissance des électrons qu'ils permettent de calculer à celui d'un diagnostic électrique est également effectué dans le cas d'une décharge à barrière diélectrique d'argon en présence de précurseurs d'anhydrides. Finalement, les propriétés fondamentales de deux conffgurations de jets de plasmas s'écoulant dans l'air ambiant, l'une radiofréquence, l'autre microonde, sont également examinées. Dans le premier cas, les effets de l'air ambiant sur ces propriétés sont mis de l'avant, alors que dans le second cas, la position d'injection du précurseur organosilicié HMDSO dans le jet de plasma est évaluée pour le dépôt de revêtements fonctionnels sur des substrats de verre. Ces derniers travaux révèlent l'obtention d'un revêtement antibuée dans des conditions opératoires spécifiques, un résultat fort prometteur pour l'industrie du verre.<br>The research done in this Ph.D. thesis consistently characterizes the physics of argon plasmas at atmospheric pressure in the presence of reactive species. This work is motivated by the obvious deficiencies in the understanding of cold plasmas at atmospheric pressure, which are largely due to the limited number of diagnostic techniques used to characterize them. In this context, optical diagnostics allowing the obtaining of fundamental properties (gas and electron temperature, number density of excited species) are first developed and validated in a microwave argon plasma as well as in a dielectric barrier discharge in argon at atmospheric pressure. In particular, a method coupling optical emission measurements of argon 2p-1s transitions to collisional-radiative modelling of the emitting 2p levels is presented in order to get the electron temperature, as well as a means to obtain the gas temperature by the spectral broadening of emission lines and the number density of argon metastable states from tunable laser diode absorption spectroscopy measurements. Subsequently, these optical diagnostics are used to study the influence adding diatomic gases in microwave argon plasmas, highlighting the efficiency with which they start dominating the discharge kinetics by absorbing most of the supplied power. A comparison between the electron power balance calculated from such optical diagnostics to that obtained from electrical diagnostics is also made in the case of an argon-based dielectric barrier discharge with anhydride precursors. Finally, the fundamental properties of two plasmas jet configurations (one radiofrequency, the other microwave) expanding in ambient air are also examined. In the first case, the effects of ambient air on these properties are featured, while in the second case, the injection position of the organosilicon precursor HMDSO in the plasma jet is studied for the deposition of functionnal coatings on glass substrates. The latter reveals the obtaining of an antifog coating under specific operating conditions, a very promising result for the glass industry.
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Lin, Ta-Wei, and 林大為. "The Establishment and Verification of Neutron Cross Section Processing Procedure for High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor Core Calculation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/dvwxky.

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Books on the topic "Neutral gas temperature"

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Research on high Tc superconducting compounds: Final report, NASA grant NAG 5-2375. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., ed. Research on high Tc superconducting compounds: Final report, NASA grant NAG 5-2375. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Neutral gas temperature"

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Zinn-Justin, Jean. "O(2) spin model and the Kosterlitz–Thouless’s phase transition." In Quantum Field Theory and Critical Phenomena. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198834625.003.0031.

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At low temperature, the large distance properties of the O(2) spin lattice model can be described by the O(2) non-linear σ-model. The latter model is free and massless in two dimensions. The origin of this peculiarity can be found in the local structure of the field manifold: for N = 2, the O(N) sphere reduces to a circle, which cannot be distinguished locally from a straight line. Because the physical fields are sin θ or cos θ, or equivalently e<sup>± iθ</sup>, instead of θ, a field renormalization is necessary, and temperature-dependent anomalous dimensions are generated. However, the free θ action cannot describe the long-distance properties of the lattice model for all temperatures, since a high temperature analysis of the corresponding spin model shows that the correlation length is finite at high temperature, and thus a phase transition is required. In fact, it is necessary to take into account the property that θ is a cyclic variable. This condition is irrelevant at low temperature, but when the temperature increases, classical configurations with singularities at isolated points, around which θ varies by a multiple of 2π become important. The action of these configurations (vortices) can be identified with the energy of a neutral Coulomb gas, which exhibits a transition between a low temperature of bound neutral molecules and a high temperature phase of a plasma of free charges. The Coulomb gas can be mapped onto the sine-Gordon (sG) model, mapping in which the low- and high-temperature regions of the models are exchanged. This correspondence helps to understand some properties of the famous Kosterlitz-Thouless (KT) phase transition, which separates an infinite correlation length phase without order, the low-temperature phase of the O(2) spin model, from a finite correlation length phase, the high-temperature phase of the O(2) spin model.
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Whiteman, C. David. "Terrain-Forced Flows." In Mountain Meteorology. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195132717.003.0018.

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Winds associated with mountainous terrain are generally of two types. Terrain-forced flows are produced when large-scale winds are modified or channeled by the underlying complex terrain. Diurnal mountain winds are produced by temperature contrasts that form within the mountains or between the mountains and the surrounding plains and are therefore also called thermally driven circulations. Terrain-forced flows and diurnal mountain winds are nearly always combined to some extent. Both can occur in conjunction with small-scale winds, such as thunderstorm inflows and outflows, or with large-scale winds that are not influenced by the underlying mountainous terrain. Terrain forcing can cause an air flow approaching a mountain barrier to be carried over or around the barrier, to be forced through gaps in the barrier, or to be blocked by the barrier. Three factors determine the behavior of an approaching flow in response to a mountain barrier: •the stability of the air approaching the mountains, •the speed of the air flow approaching the mountains, and •the topographic characteristics of the underlying terrain. Unstable or neutrally stable air (section 4.3) is easily carried over a mountain barrier. The behavior of stable air approaching a mountain barrier depends on the degree of stability, the speed of the approaching flow, and the terrain characteristics. The more stable the air, the more resistant it is to lifting and the greater the likelihood that it will flow around, be forced through gaps in the barrier, or be blocked by the barrier. A layer of stable air can split, with air above the dividing streamline height flowing over the mountain barrier and air below the dividing streamline height splitting upwind of the mountains, flowing around the barrier (figure 10.1), and reconverging on the leeward side (section 10.3.2). A very stable approaching flow may be blocked on the windward side of the barrier (section 10.5.1). Moderate to strong cross-barrier winds are necessary to produce terrain-forced flows, which therefore occur most frequently in areas of cyclogenesis (section 5.1) or where low pressure systems (figure 1.3) or jet streams (section 5.2.1.3) are commonly found. Whereas unstable and neutral flows are easily lifted over a mountain barrier, even by moderate winds, strong cross-barrier winds are needed to carry stable air over a mountain barrier.
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"minutes retention depending on the oil processed. Then, Synthetic silica hydrogels: Described in the immediately the oil is heated to 70°C, (158°F) to assist "breaking" the preceding section. emulsion and the mixture is passed through a primary (first) centrifuge. The general dosage of acid-activated bleaching earths is 0.3-0.6%, depending on the quality of the oil and bleach-In contrast, the short-mix process, developed in Europe, ing earth. Bleaching earths provide catalytic sites for de-is conducted at 90°C (84°F), uses a more highly concen-composition of oxidation products. Peroxide values (mea-trated caustic, and a mixing time and primary centrifuging sure of aldehydes) and p-anisidine values (precursors for time of less than 1 minute [135]. Less heat damage to the oxidative degradation) first rise and then decrease during oil and higher refining yield are claimed by advocates of bleaching. Bleaching processes used include atmospheric the long mix process. batch, vacuum batch, and continuous vacuum. Vacuum 4. Silica Absorption bleaching has the advantage of excluding air, partially by In traditional refining, oil from the primary centrifuge is vaporization of water in the earth, and is recommended. A washed with warm soft water to remove residual soap and typical vacuum bleaching process is 20-30 minimum at passed through a (secondary) centrifuge. The washed oil 100-110°C (212-230°F) and 50 mmHg absolute [135]. then is dried under vacuum. However, disposal of wash The reactions catalyzed during bleaching continue into water is increasingly becoming a problem, and the indus-the filter bed and are known as the "press bleaching ef-try is shifting to a modified caustic "waterless" refining fect." The reactive components of oil remain in the bleach-process. Soaps poison the adsorption sites of clays in later ing bed. Care should be taken to "blow" the filter press as bleaching operations and are removed by silica hydrogels. free of oil as possible and to wet the filter cake (which can The oil may be degummed with use of chelating acids, be very dusty) to prevent spontaneous combustion [137]. caustic neutralized, passed through a primary centrifuge, At this point, the product is RB ("refined, bleached") and may be partially vacuum-dried. Synthetic silica hy-oil. If the intended product is an oil, it can be sent to the de-drogels, effective in removing 7-25 times more phos-odorizer and become RBD. If solids are desired, the solids-phatides and soaps than clay on a solids basis, and for re-temperature profile of the oil may be modified by hydro-moving phosphorus and the major metal ions, is added genation, interesterification, or chill fractionation, alone or and mixed with the oil. By absorbing these contaminants in combination. first, the bleaching clay is spared for adsorbing chloro-6. Hydrogenation phyll and the oxidation-degradation products of oil Hydrogenation is the process of adding hydrogen to satu-[136-138]. rate carbon-to-carbon double bonds. It is used to raise try-5. Bleaching glyceride melting points and to increase stability as by jective of bleaching is to remove various contami-converting linolenic acid to linoleic in soybean oil [141]. A The ob lighter, "brush" hydrogenation is used for the latter pur-nants, pigments, metals, and oxidation products before the pose. oil is sent to the deodorizer. Removal of sulfur is especial-Most of the catalysts that assist hydrogenation are nick-ly important before hydrogenation of canola and rapeseed el-based, but a variety is available for special applications. oils. Flavor of the oil also is improved. As mentioned in the "Selectivity" refers to ability of the catalyst and process to preceding section, silica hydrogels will adsorb many of sequentially saturate fatty acids on the triglycerides in the these contaminants and spare the bleaching earth. Howev-order of most unsaturated to the fully saturated. For row er, earths are still used for these purposes in installations crop oils, perfect selectivity would be: that have not adopted hydrated silicas. Types of bleaching materials available include [136,139,140]: C18:3 C18:2 C18:1 Linolenic acid Linoleic acid Oleic acid Neutral earths: Basically hydrated aluminum silicates, sometimes called "natural clays" or "earths," and C18:0 fuller's earth, which vary in ability to absorb pigments. Stearic acid Acid-activated earths: Bentonites or montmorillonites, Although typical hydrogenation is not selective, it can be treated with hydrochloric or sulfuric acid to improve favored to a limited degree by selection of catalyst and by their absorption of pigments and other undesirable temperature and pressure of the process. Efficient hydro-components, are most commonly used. genation requires the cleanest possible feed stock (without Activated carbon: Expensive, more difficult to use, but of soaps, phosphatides, sulfur compounds, carbon monoxide, special interest for adsorbing polyaromatic hydrocar-nitrogen compounds, or oxygen-containing compounds) bons from coconut and fish oils. and the purest, driest hydrogen gas possible [140]." In Handbook of Cereal Science and Technology, Revised and Expanded. CRC Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420027228-35.

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Conference papers on the topic "Neutral gas temperature"

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Shimada, M. "Measurement of Radial and Axial Neutral Gas Temperature in a Semi-Conductor Plasma Reactor." In RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS: 24th International Symposium on Rarefied Gas Dynamics. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1941689.

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Jayapalan, Kanesh K., and Oi Hoong Chin. "Measurement of neutral gas temperature in a 13.56 MHz inductively coupled plasma." In NATIONAL PHYSICS CONFERENCE 2014 (PERFIK 2014). AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4915242.

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Soorkia, Satchin, Stephen R. Leone, and Kevin R. Wilson. "Radical-neutral chemical reactions studied at low temperature with VUV synchrotron photoionization mass spectrometry." In 28TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON RAREFIED GAS DYNAMICS 2012. AIP, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4769699.

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Liu, Zigeng, Daoman Han, Xinpu Zhang, Yongxin Liu, Wei Peng, and Younian Wang. "Fiber Bragg grating-based temperature sensor for neutral gas in capacitively coupled plasmas." In SPIE/COS Photonics Asia, edited by Tiegen Liu, Shibin Jiang, and Rene Landgraf. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2245819.

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Leem, Sungkwang, and Joongmyeon Bae. "Autothermal Reforming of Natural Gas for High-Temperature Fuel Cells." In ASME 2005 3rd International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fuelcell2005-74062.

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Hydrogen production using current fueling facilities is essential for near- term applications of fuel cells. A preliminary process for developing natural gas autothermal reforming (ATR) reactor for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) was performed in this study. Catalyst scanning was performed for three catalysts and Pt based catalyst selected for further study. Using Pt catalyst we determined feeding conditions for the thermal neutrality by varying O2/CH4 with selected temperatures and feeding conditions. Temperature profiles of a reactor were observed and reformed gas composition was analyzed to evaluate efficiency, conversion and heat of reaction. O2/CH4 showed strong effects on reactor temperature, efficiency and conversion. Thermal neutral conditions were determined for two cases of ATR system on the basis of yields of products of experimental results. These conditions could be used as a guideline for reformer design and operation parameter for self-sustaining ATR.
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Patterson, Michael W., and Charles V. Park. "Maintaining a Technology-Neutral Approach to Hydrogen Production Process Development Through Conceptual Design of the Next Generation Nuclear Plant." In Fourth International Topical Meeting on High Temperature Reactor Technology. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/htr2008-58191.

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The Energy Policy Act of 2005 (EPAct) charges the Department of Energy (DOE) with developing and demonstrating the technical and economic feasibility of using high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) technology for the production of electricity and/or hydrogen. The design, construction and demonstration of this technology in an HTGR proto-type reactor are termed the Next Generation Nuclear Plant (NGNP) Project. Currently, parallel development of three hydrogen production processes will continue until a single process technology is recommended for final demonstration in the NGNP — a technology neutral approach. This analysis compares the technology neutral approach to acceleration of the hydrogen process downselection at the completion of the NGNP conceptual design to improve integration of the hydrogen process development and NGNP Project schedule. The accelerated schedule activities are based on completing evaluations and achieving technology readiness levels (TRLs) identified in NGNP systems engineering and technology roadmaps. The cost impact of accelerating the schedule and risk reduction strategies was also evaluated. The NGNP Project intends to design and construct a component test facility (CTF) to support testing and demonstration of HTGR technologies, including those for hydrogen production. The demonstrations will support scheduled design and licensing activities, leading to subsequent construction and operation of the NGNP. Demonstrations in the CTF are expected to start about two years earlier than similarly scaled hydrogen demonstrations planned in the technology neutral baseline. The schedule evaluation assumed that hydrogen process testing would be performed in the CTF and synchronized the progression of hydrogen process development with CTF availability.
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Bexten, Thomas, Sophia Jörg, Nils Petersen, Manfred Wirsum, Pei Liu, and Zheng Li. "Model-Based Thermodynamic Analysis of a Hydrogen-Fired Gas Turbine With External Exhaust Gas Recirculation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-15486.

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Abstract Climate science shows that the limitation of global warming requires a rapid transition towards net-zero emissions of green house gases (GHG) on a global scale. Expanding renewable power generation in a significant way is seen as an imperative measure within this transition. To compensate for the inherent volatility of wind- and solar-based power generation, flexible and dispatchable power generation technologies such as gas turbines are required. If operated with CO2-neutral fuels such as hydrogen or in combination with carbon capture plants, a GHG-neutral gas turbine operation could be achieved. An effective leverage to enhance carbon capture efficiency and a possible measure to safely burn hydrogen in gas turbines is the partial external recirculation of exhaust gas. By means of a model-based analysis of an industrial gas turbine, the present study initially assesses the thermodynamic impact caused by a fuel switch from natural gas to hydrogen. Although positive trends such as increasing net electrical power output and thermal efficiency can be observed, the overall effect on the gas turbine process is only minor. In a following step, the partial external recirculation of exhaust gas is evaluated and compared both for the combustion of natural gas and hydrogen, regardless of potential combustor design challenges. The influence of altering working fluid properties throughout the whole gas turbine process is thermodynamically evaluated for ambient temperature recirculation and recirculation at an elevated temperature. A reduction in thermal efficiency can be observed as well as non-negligible changes of relevant process variables. These changes are are more distinctive at a higher recirculation temperature.
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8

Stoots, C., J. O’Brien, and J. Hartvigsen. "Carbon Neutral Production of Syngas via High Temperature Electrolytic Reduction of Steam and CO2." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43667.

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This paper presents the most recent results of experiments conducted at the Idaho National Laboratory (INL) studying coelectrolysis of steam and carbon dioxide in solid-oxide electrolysis stacks. Two 10-cell planar stacks were tested under various gas compositions, operating voltages, and operating temperatures. The tests were heavily instrumented, and outlet gas compositions were monitored with a gas chromatograph. Measured outlet compositions, open cell potentials, and coelectrolysis thermal neutral voltages compared reasonably well with a coelectrolysis computer model developed at the INL. Stack ASRs did not change significantly when switching from electrolysis to coelectrolysis operation.
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9

Lugscheider, Erich, Ulrich Eritt, Gunter von Hayn, Dieter Neuschuetz, and Juergen Mueller. "Investigations on the Deposition and the Efficiency of a Multilayer High Temperature Coating System for Gas Turbine Blades." In ASME 1999 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/99-gt-448.

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The content of this work is the development and investigation of a high temperature coating system for gas turbine blades. On a single crystal CMSX4 substrate a thin CVD layer of alpha-alumina was deposited as a diffusion barrier coating. As a protection against high-temperature corrosion it was covered with a PVD NiCoCrAlY layer, which also performs as a bond-coat for the following thermal barrier coating deposited by Atmospheric Plasma Spraying. The surface preparation techniques and coating parameters for the multilayer coating were optimized with respect to the bonding mechanisms of the different deposition techniques. The samples were annealed at 1100°C for 100 h under a neutral atmosphere. Furthermore thermocycle experiments were carried out to investigate thermocycle behaviour. The coating system proved its efficiency: no cracks were observed except vertical segmentation cracks in the TBC, all layers showed good adhesion and the diffusion barrier remained intact suppressing any noticeable diffusion of Al, Cr, Ta, Re, W and Ti.
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10

Eadie, Reg, Larry W. Hung, Robert Sutherby, et al. "Long Seam Welds in Gas and Liquids Pipelines and Near-Neutral pH Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27118.

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Near-neutral pH SCC and corrosion fatigue at the toe of the longitudinal weld has been responsible for several pipeline failures in Canada. In this paper examples of such failures and other in-service toe cracks are discussed. The results of an investigation into several factors affecting near-neutral pH SCC at the toe of the longitudinal weld are discussed and summarized. Four different pipes were evaluated including both double submerged arc welded (DSAW) pipe and electrical resistance welded (ERW) pipe. The properties considered were 1) residual stresses near the toe of the weld as determined by hole drilling and slitting, 2) stress-raising characteristics of the weld shape as determined by elastic finite element analysis and 3) electrochemical properties near the toe of the weld as determined by the scanning reference electrode technique. For one line pipe we also evaluated the room-temperature creep characteristics near the weld with and without cyclic loading. The implications of these results for near-neutral pH SCC and corrosion fatigue are discussed. It is concluded that high stresses originating from the stress-multiplying effects of the weld crown contributed significantly to the failures.
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