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Journal articles on the topic 'Neutrality; Impartiality'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 2 February 2022

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1

Caney, Simon. "Impartiality and Liberal Neutrality." Utilitas 8, no. 3 (1996): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800005008.

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It is a commonplace that in many societies people adhere to profoundly different conceptions of the good. Given this we need to know what political principles are appropriate. How can we treat people who are committed to different accounts of the good with fairness? One recent answer to this pressing question is given by Brian Barry in his important work Justice as Impartiality. This book, of course, contains much more than this. It includes a powerful and incisive discussion of several accounts of distributive justice (‘justice as mutual advantage’ and ‘justice as reciprocity’), a critique of

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2

Harroff-Tavel, Marion. "Neutrality and Impartiality—The importance of these principles for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement and the difficulties involved in applying them." International Review of the Red Cross 29, no. 273 (1989): 536–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400074878.

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Of all the seven Fundamental Principles of the Red Cross and Red Crescent, neutrality and impartiality are perhaps the least well understood. They are often confused with each other and give rise to controversy. How can a National Society that is an auxiliary of the public authorities possibly be called neutral? Isn't neutrality sometimes synonymous with passivity or indifference? Can the ICRC regard itself as neutral when it points publicly to violations of international humanitarian law? Does impartiality mean sharing relief equally between the victims on both sides of a conflict? Is it poss

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3

Papayannis, Diego M. "Independence, impartiality and neutrality in legal adjudication." Revus, no. 28 (June 10, 2016): 3352. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/revus.3546.

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4

Weller, Marc. "The Relativity of Humanitarian Neutrality and Impartiality." Proceedings of the ASIL Annual Meeting 91 (1997): 441–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272503700066325.

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5

Kalshoven, Frits. "Impartiality and Neutrality in Humanitarian Law and Practice." International Review of the Red Cross 29, no. 273 (1989): 516–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400074866.

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On 27 June 1986, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) gave judgment in the case concerning Military and Paramilitary Activities in and against Nicaragua. The case, involving Nicaragua against the United States of America, is remarkable in many respects, and so is the judgment. I should like to single out two special features: it deals with a situation of armed conflict, and it mentions the Red Cross.

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6

Franken, Leni, and Patrick Loobuyck. "Neutrality and impartiality in RE: an impossible aim?" British Journal of Religious Education 39, no. 1 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01416200.2016.1218219.

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7

Kishore, Shyam. "The Evolving Concepts of Neutrality and Impartiality in Mediation." Commonwealth Law Bulletin 32, no. 2 (2006): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03050710600907056.

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8

Mačák, Kubo. "A matter of principle(s): The legal effect of impartiality and neutrality on States as humanitarian actors." International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 157–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383115000661.

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AbstractThis article examines the legal nature of the principles of impartiality and neutrality of humanitarian action, focusing on States as humanitarian actors. It argues that international law does not provide a general legal basis for the universal applicability of these principles, contrary to a common interpretation of the International Court of Justice's 1986 judgment in theNicaraguacase. Nevertheless, impartiality and neutrality may have a significant legal effect on the conduct of States. They may be directly binding on States through the operation of Security Council resolutions draf

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9

Cohen-Almagor, Raphael. "Between Neutrality and Perfectionism." Canadian Journal of Law & Jurisprudence 7, no. 2 (1994): 217–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0841820900002678.

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It has been argued that the difference between liberal states and theocratic, communist or fascist states is not that the liberal states promote different ideals of the good, but that they promote none. Unlike illiberal states, which regard it as a primary function of the state to prescribe the moral character of society, liberal states shun such attempts and allow freedom to citizens to develop their own conceptions.The aim of this paper is to analyze the notions of “conception of the good” and “neutrality” and to suggest a perspective which provides a middle ground between strict perfectioni

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10

Borsa, Merve Ozkan. "The Neutrality of International Courts and Tribunals: Why and to What Degree?" European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 3, no. 2 (2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v3i2.p103-104.

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It goes without saying that the principle of separation of powers leads to an independent judiciary imposing the rule of law and thereby assurance for the society so as to be prevented against any abuse of power, which is an integral part and a must of democratic values. This independence and impartiality crystallize as to the degree the judiciary (as an institution) and individual judges are able to hold responsibility without being influenced or intervened by any other source. The confidence of the society and the maitenance of justice can only be ensured provided that this independence and

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11

Borsa, Merve Ozkan. "The Neutrality of International Courts and Tribunals: Why and to What Degree?" European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 7, no. 2 (2017): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v7i2.p103-104.

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It goes without saying that the principle of separation of powers leads to an independent judiciary imposing the rule of law and thereby assurance for the society so as to be prevented against any abuse of power, which is an integral part and a must of democratic values. This independence and impartiality crystallize as to the degree the judiciary (as an institution) and individual judges are able to hold responsibility without being influenced or intervened by any other source. The confidence of the society and the maitenance of justice can only be ensured provided that this independence and

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12

Hale, Claudia L., and Chris Nix. "Achieving neutrality and impartiality: The ultimate communication challenge for peer mediators." Mediation Quarterly 14, no. 4 (1997): 337–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crq.3900140407.

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13

Gill, Emily R. "The First Amendment, Varieties of Neutrality, and Same-Sex Marriage." Politics and Religion 2, no. 3 (2009): 353–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s175504830999023x.

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AbstractThis article compares the difficulty in achieving a public stance of neutrality toward sexual orientation with the difficulty in achieving neutrality toward religious belief. Strict separation treats religion as a private commitment, with firm limits on government cooperation with religion and strong protection for free exercise. Formal neutrality discounts religion as a basis either for conferring special benefits or for withholding generally available benefits. Positive neutrality attends to the practical effects of public policy, sometimes requiring an abandonment of nonestablishmen

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14

Wever, Marc, and Albert T. Marseille. "Neutrality and the Dutch Objection Procedure." Central European Public Administration Review 15, no. 3-4 (2018): 107–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17573/ipar.2017.3-4.05.

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In the Netherlands, if someone disagrees with an administrative order, he is only allowed to seek redress with the administrative courts after he has lodged an objection with the administrative authority responsible for the order. The objection procedure entails that an administrative body reconsiders its own decision. In this contribution we study the preference of objectors concerning the organization of the procedure and to what extent their preference is related to the perceived (lack of) neutrality of the person who conducted their hearing. In particular we focus on the effects of the use

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15

Donald, D. "Neutrality, Impartiality and UN Peacekeeping at the Beginning of the 21st Century." International Peacekeeping 9, no. 4 (2002): 21–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/714002776.

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16

Emmers, Ralf. "Unpacking ASEAN Neutrality: The Quest for Autonomy and Impartiality in Southeast Asia." Contemporary Southeast Asia 40, no. 3 (2018): 349–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1355/cs40-3a.

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17

Schenkenberg van Mierop, Ed. "Coming clean on neutrality and independence: The need to assess the application of humanitarian principles." International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 295–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s181638311500065x.

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AbstractNeutrality and independence continue to be part of the four core humanitarian principles, in addition to humanity and impartiality. Promoting these principles needs to go hand in hand with efforts to apply and implement them. Applying neutrality and independence is a considerable undertaking. This article explains the various aspects of these two principles that are crucial for understanding and applying them. The author suggests that these aspects should be taken into account in assessing whether humanitarian organizations are managing to uphold the principles. In turn, these assessme

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18

Thürer, Daniel. "Dunant's pyramid: thoughts on the “humanitarian space”." International Review of the Red Cross 89, no. 865 (2007): 47–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383107001038.

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AbstractThis article uses the metaphor of a pyramid bounding the humanitarian space as a means of portraying what it is that constitutes humanitarian law and humanitarian action. Whereas humanity as the tip of the pyramid forms the aim and international humanitarian law the base, the sides are the principles of impartiality, neutrality and independence, which enclose the humanitarian space and make the humanitarian endeavour possible.

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19

Dind, Philippe. "Security in ICRC field operations." International Review of the Red Cross 38, no. 323 (1998): 335–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400091063.

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In any discussion about security, the primary consideration must be the need to preserve the neutrality, independence and impartiality of humanitarian action. This is the essential precondition for the ICRC's ability to protect and assist the victims of conflict. Sooner or later, any humanitarian activity which runs counter to these fundamental principles either incurs the mistrust of the people it intends to assist or becomes completely paralysed.

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20

Comtesse, Philippe. "The new vulnerability of humanitarian workers: what is the proper response? An ICRC delegate's view." International Review of the Red Cross 37, no. 317 (1997): 143–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020860400085077.

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“The security [of humanitarian personnel in the field] is a political rather than a technical issue. No rule or protective measure can replace the establishment of a network of contacts among all the parties to a conflict, to convince every one of them of the ICRC's neutrality, impartiality and independence. If those in charge of combatants perceive the ICRC as taking sides, then the organization becomes a potential target. Conversely, neutrality, and above all the combatants' perception of that neutrality, offer the warring parties their best assurance that the ICRC poses no threat to them. T

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21

Weiss, Thomas G. "Principles, Politics, and Humanitarian Action." Ethics & International Affairs 13 (March 1999): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.1999.tb00322.x.

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The tragedies of the past decade have led to an identity crisis among humanitarians. Respecting traditional principles of neutrality and impartiality and operating procedures based on consent has created as many problems as it has solved. A debate is raging between “classicists,” who believe that humanitarian action can be insulated from politics, and various “political humanitarians,” who are attempting to use politics to improve relief and delivery in war zonesThis essay examines the pros and cons of impartial versus political humanitarianism and differing approaches across a spectrum of act

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22

Leonora Flis and Ervin Hladnik Milharčič. "Impartiality Has Nothing to Do with Neutrality: A Conversation with Ervin Hladnik Milharčič." World Literature Today 86, no. 2 (2012): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7588/worllitetoda.86.2.0037.

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23

Zienkiewicz, Adam. "Dilemmas of mediation practice – remarks and questions on the impartiality-and-neutrality principle." Gubernaculum et Administratio 1(19) (2019): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/gea.2019.01.01.

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24

Tsagourias, N. "Consent, Neutrality/Impartiality and the Use of Force in Peacekeeping: Their Constitutional Dimension." Journal of Conflict and Security Law 11, no. 3 (2006): 465–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jcsl/krl016.

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25

hill, chris maria. "Family mediator neutrality and impartiality in practice: the relevance of the ‘reflecter’ discourse role." Journal of Applied Linguistics and Professional Practice 7, no. 2 (2010): 191–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/japl.v7i2.191.

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26

Slim, Hugo. "Relief agencies and moral standing in war: Principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and solidarity1." Development in Practice 7, no. 4 (1997): 342–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09614529754134.

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27

Van Gramberg, B. "Managing neutrality and impartiality in workplace conflict resolution: The dilemma of the HR manager." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 44, no. 2 (2006): 197–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1038411106066396.

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28

Jæger, Tørris. "Humanitarian and Military Action in Armed Conflict – Side by Side, not Hand in Hand." Nordic Journal of International Law 78, no. 4 (2009): 567–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/090273509x12506922106876.

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AbstractHumanitarian action in armed conflict faces a challenge as the distinction between humanitarian, other civilian and military action becomes increasingly blurred. It may imply that the security of humanitarian professionals is put at risk or that humanitarian actors do not reach all those in need. From a Red Cross perspective, it is both necessary and possible to single out humanitarian action based on neutrality, impartiality and independence with a view to gaining and maintaining access to all those with a need and right to humanitarian assistance and protection during armed conflict.

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29

Gordon, Stuart, and Antonio Donini. "Romancing principles and human rights: Are humanitarian principles salvageable?" International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 77–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383115000727.

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Abstract“Classical” or “Dunantist” humanitarianism has traditionally been constructed around the core principles of neutrality (not taking sides) and impartiality (provision of assistance with no regard to ethnicity, religion, race or any other consideration, and proportional to need), plus the operational imperative (rather than a formal principle) to seek the consent of the belligerent parties. These principles, whilst never unchallenged, have dominated the contemporary discourse of humanitarianism and have been synonymous with or at least reflections of a presumed essential, enduring and un

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30

Pariangu, Umbu TW. "NETRALITAS APARATUR SIPIL NEGARA DAN BIROPATOLOGI DALAM PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH." Journal Publicuho 3, no. 4 (2020): 470. http://dx.doi.org/10.35817/jpu.v3i4.15375.

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The politicization of the bureaucracy cannot be separated from its mutualism character. Regional heads need electoral nutrition from ASN to win their political machine, while ASN needs political networks and closeness to power to build a career in the bureaucracy. This phenomenon will only destroy impartiality, thicken discrimination and KKN-ism in public services, shackle politics in a political remuneration cage and, no less important, reduce the value of democracy. This study method uses a qualitative method, where data is obtained using a literature review. The literature exploration in th

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31

Boswel, Christina. "Book Review: Paul Kelly (ed.), Impartiality, Neutrality and Justice: Re-reading Barry's Justic as Impartiality (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998, 261 pp., £45.0 hbk.)." Millennium: Journal of International Studies 28, no. 1 (1999): 190–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03058298990280010416.

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32

McGoldrick, Claudia. "The future of humanitarian action: an ICRC perspective." International Review of the Red Cross 93, no. 884 (2011): 965–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383112000306.

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AbstractThe evolving global environment in which humanitarian actors operate is posing profound challenges, both in terms of the increasing complexity of major crises and their impact on affected people, and in terms of the changes within the humanitarian sector itself as it tries to respond. This article gives one perspective of what the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) considers to be some of the key challenges facing humanitarian action now and in the coming years, and how the institution aims to address these challenges while remaining faithful to its fundamental principles

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33

Temkin, Larry S. "Rationality with respect to people, places, and times." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 45, no. 5-6 (2015): 576–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2015.1122386.

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AbstractThere is a rich tradition within game theory, decision theory, economics, and philosophy correlating practical rationality with impartiality, and spatial and temporal neutrality. I argue that in some cases we should give priority to people over both times and places, and to times over places. I also show how three plausible dominance principles regarding people, places, and times conflict, so that we cannot accept all three. However, I argue that there are some cases where we should give priority to times over people, suggesting that there is impersonal value to the distribution of hig

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Liu, Hin-Yan. "The Meaning of Religious Symbols after the Grand Chamber Judgment in Lautsi v. Italy." Religion & Human Rights 6, no. 3 (2011): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187103211x599409.

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This Comment concerns the question whether there now exists a right of Member States parallel to the individual right to thought, conscience and religion under Article 9 and analyses the consistency of this potential development with the existing jurisprudence mandating state neutrality and impartiality. The Comment then considers the similarities and differences between manifesting a belief and symbolic speech, and the consequentially permissible restrictions that may be imposed. It will conclude by suggesting that the Grand Chamber erred in its determination of the crucifix as ‘an essentiall

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35

Luty, Katarzyna Joanna. "Zasady mediacji w oparciu o ustawę o izbach lekarskich." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 27, no. 3 (2018): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2018.27.3.175-185.

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<p>The Act on chambers of physicians provides for the possibility of referring parties to mediation proceedings, the purpose of which is, among others, to alleviate the conflict between the aggrieved patient and the accused doctor. Depending on the stage of a given case, mediation is directed by the spokesperson for professional liability – in the course of an investigation, or medical court – during the proceedings before a medical court. A mediator may only be a doctor appointed from a given chamber as a trustworthy person, which may raise doubts as to his impartiality and neutrality t

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36

Vallentyne, Peter. "Book ReviewsPaul Kelly, .Impartiality, Neutrality, and Justice. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1998. Pp. 261. $27.50 (cloth)." Ethics 110, no. 4 (2000): 843–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/233381.

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37

Yearley, Steven. "Skills, Deals and Impartiality: The Sale of Environmental Consultancy Skills and Public Perceptions of Scientific Neutrality." Social Studies of Science 22, no. 3 (1992): 435–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312792022003001.

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38

Miller, Hugh T. "Neutrality as it never was: a short treatise on public administration theory." International Journal of Organization Theory & Behavior 21, no. 3 (2018): 192–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijotb-04-2018-0047.

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Purpose Is public administration neutral? Scholarship does not interpret public administration as neutral, even though, on moral–ethical grounds, it frequently advises neutrality for practitioners. Five main schools of thought are surveyed. Neutrality and alternative expressions of it, such as nonpartisanship, expertise, impartiality or facilitation, are role prescriptions for practicing public administrators, and are typically offered as appropriate comportments in interacting with citizens and groups. At the same time, public administration is undeniably a political institution having politi

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39

Wynn-Pope, Phoebe, Yvette Zegenhagen, and Fauve Kurnadi. "Legislating against humanitarian principles: A case study on the humanitarian implications of Australian counterterrorism legislation." International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 235–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383115000612.

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AbstractThe humanitarian principles – humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence – have come to characterize effective humanitarian action, particularly in situations of armed conflict, and have provided a framework for the broader humanitarian system. Modern counterterrorism responses are posing significant challenges to these principles and the feasibility of conducting principled humanitarian assistance and protection activities. This article explores the origins of the principles, the history behind their development, and their contemporary contribution to humanitarian action. The

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40

Labbé, Jérémie, and Pascal Daudin. "Applying the humanitarian principles: Reflecting on the experience of the International Committee of the Red Cross." International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 183–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383115000715.

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AbstractApplying the humanitarian principles of humanity, impartiality, neutrality and independence in a relevant manner in concrete operational settings is a constant challenge for humanitarian organizations. Bound by this set of norms, the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) has incrementally developed over the years a rational framework that allows its leadership and staff on the ground to act according to these principles while developing adapted solutions and pragmatic approaches. This article begins by describing the history and development of the humanitarian principles; it

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41

Becker, Annette. "From the Bulletin International des Sociétés de la Croix Rouge to the International Review of the Red Cross: The Great War as a revelator." International Review of the Red Cross 100, no. 907-909 (2018): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383119000389.

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AbstractDuring the Great War, the Bulletin International des Sociétés de la Croix Rouge covered the immense work of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) and the National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (National Societies). This article focuses on one particular angle of that work: the tensions and even contradictions between the ICRC's duty of neutrality and impartiality, on the one hand, and the national and sometimes nationalistic commitments of National Societies, which were naturally opposed to each other in wartime, on the other. While some of the Bulletin’s articles

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Ulrich, Zachary P. "A Role for Ombuds in Embedded Corporate Social Responsibility Processes?" Industrial and Organizational Psychology 6, no. 4 (2013): 358–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/iops.12067.

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My purpose here is to suggest that the often-overlooked organizational ombudsman (OO) role can and should become an influential component of embedded corporate social responsibility (CSR) processes as defined by Aguinis and Glavas (2013). An OO is an employee who works with individuals and groups to help resolve conflicts inside or outside of an organization and who brings systemic concerns to the attention of organizational leadership (Howard, 2010). An OO does this while maintaining the confidentiality of office visitors, operating from a stance of neutrality and impartiality, remaining inde

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McCorkle, Suzanne. "The murky world of mediation ethics: Neutrality, impartiality, and conflict of interest in state codes of conduct." Conflict Resolution Quarterly 23, no. 2 (2005): 165–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/crq.131.

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Bhattarai, Hari Krishna, Kshitiz Acharya, and Anthony Land. "Humanitarian assistance: is it politically instrumentalized?" Health Prospect 17, no. 1 (2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hprospect.v17i1.20563.

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Humanitarian assistance, increasingly being used as a strategic tool, to fulfill the political objectives has been a widely discussed issue at national and international levels. Non-governmental Organizations including United Nations and its agencies are questioned on their neutrality while providing the humanitarian assistance in many places and more often during the complex humanitarian emergencies. This has not only raised questions on humanitarian principles but also created a very negative and counterproductive situation and thus limits an impartial, neutral and effective humanitarian act

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45

Salek, Lucy V. "Faith inspiration in a secular world: An Islamic perspective on humanitarian principles." International Review of the Red Cross 97, no. 897-898 (2015): 345–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1816383115000600.

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AbstractIn recent years, there has been more and more interaction and engagement between “faith-based” organizations (FBOs) and secular humanitarian organizations. While humanitarian organizations operate under the humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence, it is often believed that faith-based organizations cannot be neutral or impartial due to their religious identity and agenda. Drawing on the research of Islamic Relief Worldwide, this article looks critically at connections that can be drawn between Islamic religious principles and those upheld as key t

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46

Ripoll Gallardo, Alba, Frederick M. Burkle, Luca Ragazzoni, and Francesco Della Corte. "Yemen’s Unprecedented Humanitarian Crisis: Implications for International Humanitarian Law, the Geneva Convention, and the Future of Global Health Security." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 10, no. 5 (2016): 701–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2016.50.

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AbstractThe current humanitarian crisis in Yemen is unprecedented in many ways. The Yemeni War tragedy is symptomatic of gross failures to recognize, by combatants, existing humanitarian law and the Geneva Convention that have become the new norm in unconventional armed conflicts and are increasingly replicated in Africa, Afghanistan, and other areas of the Middle East with dire consequences on aid workers and the noncombatant population. The health and humanitarian professions must take collective responsibility in calling for all belligerent parties to cease the massacre and commit to guaran

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47

de Torrenté, Nicolas. "Humanitarianism Sacrificed: Integration's False Promise." Ethics & International Affairs 18, no. 2 (2004): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7093.2004.tb00461.x.

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In recent years, there have been concerted efforts to ensure that the different components of the international response to crisis-affected countries, whether conducted under the banner of the United Nations or not, are integrated in pursuit of a stated goal of comprehensive, durable, and just resolution of conflict. This includes a drive to purposefully make humanitarian assistance to victims, one of the principal forms of outside involvement in crisis situations, supportive of the “international community's” political ambition. The implication of the coherence agenda is that meeting lifesavi

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48

Zubov, M. G. "Philosophical Ideas of Arne Næss in the Humanitarian Diplomacy of Norway." MGIMO Review of International Relations, no. 3(42) (June 28, 2015): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2015-3-42-68-75.

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Næss A. became in his lifetime the most prominent Norwegian philosopher. Over thirty years of his life he taught at the University of Oslo and approximately the same number of years he devoted to pure science. During his long life as a scientist, he studied various fields of philosophy, however he is mostly known for his research in the field of deep ecology. The scale of his personality and prestige in Norwegian philosophy can only be compared to that of one of the most outstanding figure of Norway in politics - E.Gerhardsen. He united two of his basic interests - philosophy and ecology, and

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van Dongen, Yvonne. "F. Kalshoven, Impartiality and Neutrality in Humanitarian Law and Practice, Farewell Address, University of Leiden, 1989, 23 pp." Netherlands International Law Review 36, no. 02 (1989): 223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165070x00008901.

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Raciti, Irene. "The political dimension of humanitarian action. Rethinking the humanitarian space." Deusto Journal of Human Rights, no. 3 (December 11, 2017): 37–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18543/aahdh-3-2006pp37-56.

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Abstract:

Is emergency relief tackling the symptoms, but not the root causes of complex emergencies, humanitarian? Should No Governmental Humanitarian Agencies integrate a political component to their job, would this compromise the humanitarian imperative and the principles of impartiality, neutrality and independence? Is humanitarian action contributing to exempt State from a more direct involvement in the re-solution of complex emergencies? Is there a place for humanitarian action in international politics? If yes, what is that place and what form can that action take? This work explores these questio

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