Relevant bibliographies by topics / Neutron – density cross plots

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Academic literature on the topic 'Neutron – density cross plots'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Jassim, Karrar Hayder, and Jalal A. Al-Sudani. "Re-evaluation of Petro physical Properties in Yammama Formation at Nasiriya Field." Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 20, no. 3 (September 30, 2019): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.31699/ijcpe.2019.3.8.

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Nasiriya field is located about 38 Km to the north – west of Nasiriya city. Yammama, a giant lower cretaceous reservoir in Nasiriya field which is lithologically formed from limestone. Yammama mainly was divided into three main reservoir units YA, YB1, YB2 and YB3 and it is separated by impermeable layers of variable thickness. An accurate petro physical evolution of the reservoir is of great importance perform an excellent geological model so that four petro physical properties which are shale volume, porosity, water saturation and permeability was re-evaluated. The volume of shale was calculated using the density and neutron logs (VSH-DN) rather than using gamma ray log because of presence a uranium content in the formation that makes overestimation of shale volume. Cross plots of Density Neutron logs are used to determine porosity by using IP software, which is correcting automatically Density Neutron logs for the effect of shale. Indonesian equation was used to estimate water saturation for five wells rather than Archie equation in order to consider shale volume. Fuzzy logic was adopted to predict permeability instead of regression analysis (cross plot) because of presence of errors in the results in this method. The results are shown that units YB2 and YB3 have best reservoir quality.
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Al-Baldawi, Buraq Adnan. "Evaluation of Petrophysical Properties Using Well Logs of Yamama Formation in Abu Amood Oil Field, Southern Iraq." Iraqi Geological Journal 54, no. 1E (May 31, 2021): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.46717/igj.54.1e.6ms-2021-05-27.

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The petrophysical analysis is very important to understand the factors controlling the reservoir quality and production wells. In the current study, the petrophysical evaluation was accomplished to hydrocarbon assessment based on well log data of four wells of Early Cretaceous carbonate reservoir Yamama Formation in Abu-Amood oil field in the southern part of Iraq. The available well logs such as sonic, density, neutron, gamma ray, SP, and resistivity logs for wells AAm-1, AAm-2, AAm-3, and AAm-5 were used to delineate the reservoir characteristics of the Yamama Formation. Lithologic and mineralogic studies were performed using porosity logs combination cross plots such as density vs. neutron cross plot and M-N mineralogy plot. These cross plots show that the Yamama Formation consists mainly of limestone and the essential mineral components are dominantly calcite with small amounts of dolomite. The petrophysical characteristics such as porosity, water and hydrocarbon saturation and bulk water volume were determined and interpreted using Techlog software to carried out and building the full computer processed interpretation for reservoir properties. Based on the petrophysical properties of studied wells, the Yamama Formation is divided into six units; (YB-1, YB-2, YB-3, YC-1, YC-2 and YC-3) separated by dense non porous units (Barrier beds). The units (YB-1, YB-2, YC-2 and YC-3) represent the most important reservoir units and oil-bearing zones because these reservoir units are characterized by good petrophysical properties due to high porosity and low to moderate water saturation. The other units are not reservoirs and not oil-bearing units due to low porosity and high-water saturation.
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Movahed, Ata, Mohsen Masihi, and Abdonabi Hashemi. "Investigation of Petrophysical Parameters of Upper Sarvak Formation in One of the Iran South Oilfields." Current World Environment 10, Special-Issue1 (June 28, 2015): 740–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.10.special-issue1.89.

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In this study, the upper Sarvak’s petrophysical parameters have been investigated in two A and B wells in one of the oil field in southern Iran. Based on this assessment and the use of conventional cross plots (neutron-density, sonic- neutron, MID_PLOT and M-N PLOT), lithology of upper Sarvak has been identified as a combination of limestone, dolomite and in small amounts, shale. With respect to calculated petrophysical properties and to more precise evaluation, the upper Sarvak in the studied area has been divided into 5 Zones. With respect to the specific petrophysical properties, zone S2 has been divided into 8 subdivisions. Finally, zone S2 with dominant lithology of limestone and with the lowest amount of shale in subdivision 2 and 3, have been recognized as the best reservoir parts.
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Kassab, Mohamed A., Ali El-Said Abbas, Mostafa A. Teama, and Musa A. S. Khalifa. "Prospect evaluation and hydrocarbon potential assessment: the Lower Eocene Facha non-clastic reservoirs, Hakim Oil Field (NC74A), Sirte basin, Libya—a case study." Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology 10, no. 2 (September 24, 2019): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13202-019-00773-8.

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Abstract Petrophysical assessment of Facha Formation based on log data of six wells A1, A3, A4, A5, A8 and A13 recorded over the entire reservoir interval was established. Hakim Oil Field produces from the Lower Eocene Facha reservoir, which is located at the western side of Sirte basin. Limestone, dolostone and dolomitic limestone are the main lithologies of the Facha reservoir. This lithology is defined by neutron porosity—density cross-plot. Noteworthily, limestone increases in the lowermost intervals of the reservoir. Structurally, the field is traversed by three northwest–southeast faults. The shale of the Upper Cretaceous Sirte Formation is thought to be the source rock of the Facha Formation, whereas the seals are the limestone and anhydrite of the Lower Eocene Gir Formation. In this study, the Facha reservoir’s cutoff values were obtained from the cross-plots of the calculated shale volume, porosity and water saturation values accompanied with gamma ray log data and were set as 20%, 10% and 70%, respectively. Isoparametric maps for the thickness variation of net pay, average porosity, shale volume and water saturation were prepared, and the authors found out that the Facha Formation has promising reservoir characteristics in the area of study; a prospective region for oil accumulation trends is in the north and south of the study area.
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Azeez, Hasan Saleh, Dr Abdul Aali Al-Dabaj, and Dr Samaher Lazim. "Petrophysical Analysis of an Iraqi Gas Field (Mansuriya Gas Field)." Journal of Engineering 26, no. 3 (March 1, 2020): 100–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2020.03.09.

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Mansuriya Gas field is an elongated anticlinal structure aligned from NW to SE, about 25 km long and 5-6 km wide. Jeribe formation is considered the main reservoir where it contains condensate fluid and has a uniform thickness of about 60 m. The reservoir is significantly over-pressured, (TPOC, 2014). This research is about well logs analysis, which involves the determination of Archie petrophysical parameters, water saturation, porosity, permeability and lithology. The interpretations and cross plots are done using Interactive Petrophysics (IP) V3.5 software. The rock parameters (a, m and n) values are important in determining the water saturation where (m) can be calculated by plotting the porosity from core and the formation factor from core on logarithmic scale for both and the slope which represent (m) then Pickett plot method is used to determine the other parameters after calculating Rw from water analysis . The Matrix Identification (MID), M-N and Density-Neutron crossplots indicates that the lithology of Jeribe Formation consists of dolomite, limestone with some anhydrite also gas-trend is clear in the Jeribe Formation. The main reservoir, Jeribe Formation carbonate, is subdivided into 8 zones namely J1 to J8, based mainly on porosity log (RHOB and NPHI) trend, DT trend and saturation trend. Jeribe formation was considered to be clean in terms of shale content .The higher gamma ray because of the uranium component which is often associated with dolomitisationl and when it is removed and only comprises the thorium and potassium-40 contributions, showed the gamma response to be low compared to the total gamma ray response that also contains the uranium contribution.While the Jeribe formation is considered to be clean in terms of shale content so the total porosity is equal to the effective porosity.No porosity cut off is found if cutoff permeability 0.01 md is applied while the porosity cut off approximately equal to 0.1 only for unit J6 & J8 if cutoff permeability 0.1 md is applied . It can be concluded that no saturation cutoff for the units of Jeribe formation is found after a cross plot between water saturation and log porosity for the reservoir units of Jeribe formation and applied the calculated cut off porosity. The permeability has been predicted using two methods: FZI and Classical, the two methods yield approximately the same results for all wells.
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BRINE, M. P., P. D. STEVENSON, J. A. MARUHN, and P. G. REINHARD. "DIPOLE RESPONSE IN NEUTRON-RICH MAGNESIUM." International Journal of Modern Physics E 15, no. 07 (October 2006): 1417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301306005009.

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The time-dependent Hartree-Fock method, using the Skyrme interaction, is used to study the isovector giant dipole response of neutron-rich 34 Mg . The response is separately examined along the major and minor axes of this prolate nucleus, with a pygmy-like peak in the direction of the major axis at around 10 MeV. Time-dependent density plots show a superimposed surface mode not fully coupled to the bulk motion.
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ZHANG, HONGFEI, JIANMIN DONG, WEI ZUO, and UMBERTO LOMBARDO. "NUCLEON-NUCLEON CROSS SECTIONS IN ISOSPIN ASYMMETRIC NUCLEAR MATTER." International Journal of Modern Physics E 19, no. 08n09 (September 2010): 1788–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301310016211.

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The in medium nucleon-nucleon (NN) cross sections in isospin asymmetric nuclear matter at various densities are investigated in the framework of Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory with the Bonn B two-body nucleon-nucleon interaction supplemented with a new version microscopic three-body force (TBF). The TBF depresses the amplitude of cross sections at high density region. At low densities, the proton-proton and neutron-neutron cross sections decrease while the proton-neutron one increases as the asymmetry increases. But the sensitivity of the NN cross sections to the isospin asymmetry are reduced with the increasing density.
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Mishima, Kenji, Toshiya Otomo, Kazutaka Ikeda, and Hidetoshi Ohshita. "Neutron scattering cross section of diamond nanoparticles." EPJ Web of Conferences 219 (2019): 10005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201921910005.

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Due to their large coherent scattering cross section, diamond nanoparticles (DNPs) are considered as a promising candidate material for a new neutron reflector. For investigation of scattering cross sections of packed samples, we have developed a technique for mechanical compression of DNP powder. Application of 220 MPa allowed us to increase the bulk density from 0.40 g/cm3 to 1.1 g/cm3. The differential cross sections of uncompressed and packed samples were measured using the high-intensity total diffractometer instrument NOVA at J-PARC, covering transfer wavenumbers (q) from 0.6 to 100 nm−1. The q dependence for the compressed sample agreed with the theoretical expectation derived from the Born approximation applied to homogeneous spheres with inclusion of a hard-sphere model to account for the inter-particle structure, whereas the results obtained from the powder sample disagreed. This implies that the theoretical description does not well represent the mesoscopic structure of the DNP powder sample.
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RASHDAN, M. "STRUCTURE AND REACTIONS OF NEUTRON-RICH OXYGEN ISOTOPES." International Journal of Modern Physics E 21, no. 10 (October 2012): 1250083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218301312500838.

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The structure of 16-26 O is investigated within the relativistic mean field (RMF) as well as high-energy nuclear collisions. The reaction cross-sections of 16-24 O +12 C around 1 GeV are calculated within the multiple scattering theory, where the multiple integrals are evaluated by Monte Carlo method as well as by the optical limit approximation of the Glauber model. In-medium effects are investigated within the optical limit, where it is found to be important in order to get reliable information about nuclear radii and density distributions. The reaction cross-sections indicate to a halo structure for 23 O . This neutron halo is also found in the rms matter radii and nuclear densities especially when Fermi shape is used in the optical limit, including in-medium effects, in extracting the parameters of the density distributions from the experimental reaction cross-sections.
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Saeed, Aly, Shazly El, Mohamed El-Okr, Ali El-Azm, Yahia Elbashar, Mohamed Comsan, Wagdy Kansouh, and Ahmed El-Sersy. "Neutron shielding properties of a borated high-density glass." Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection 32, no. 2 (2017): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ntrp1702120s.

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The neutron shielding properties of a borated high density glass system was characterized experimentally. The total removal macroscopic cross-section of fast neutrons, slow neutrons as well as the linear attenuation coefficient of total gamma rays, primary in addition to secondary, were measured experimentally under good geometric condition to characterize the attenuation properties of (75-x) B2O3-1Li2O-5MgO-5ZnO-14Na2O-xBaO glassy system. Slabs of different thicknesses from the investigated glass system were exposed to a collimated beam of neutrons emitted from 252Cf and 241Am-Be neutron sources in order to measure the attenuation properties of fast and slow neutrons as well as total gamma rays. Results confirmed that barium borate glass was suitable for practical use in the field of radiation shielding.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Bailey, Carlynne. "Comparative Study of the Chemostratigraphic and Petrophysical characteristics of Wells A-A1, A-L1, A-U1 and A-I1 in the Orange Basin, South Atlantic Margin, Offshore South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1427_1282897265.

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Many hydrocarbon reservoirs are situated in barren sequences that display poor stratigraphic control. Correlation between the wells can become extremely difficult and traditional correlation techniques can prove to be inadequate. Past studies have shown that trace and major element concentrations can be used as a correlation tool. This practice of using geochemical fingerprints to characterize between wells is called Chemostratigraphic analysis. (Pearce et al, 1999) Chemostratigraphy has been recognized as a very important correlation technique as it can be used for rocks of any age, in any geological setting as well as sequences that are traditionally defined as barren. Chemostratigraphic analyses can be used as a means of getting rid of ambiguities within data produced by traditional correlation methods such as Biostratigraphy, Lithostratigraphy and Geophysical Logging. In areas where stratigraphic data is not available it can be used to construct correlation frameworks for the sequences found in the area. The motivation behind this study is that the research is not only worthy of academic investigation, but can also provide the industry with new insights into areas that were previously misunderstood because traditional correlation methods were not adequate. The study area, the Orange basin, is located offshore South Africa and is largely underexplored. The basin, that hosts two gas field namely the Ibhubesi and the Kudu gas fields, has large potential but in the past has not been given due attention with only 34 wells being drilled in the area. The Orange basin has recently been the topic of investigation because of the belief that it may be hosts to more hydrocarbons. This study will utilise Chemostratigraphy to attempt to provide geological information on this relatively under-explored basin. The aim of this research study is to produce a chemostratigraphic framework -scheme for the Orange Basin in order to facilitate reservoir scale interwell correlation. The Objectives of this research study will be to identify chemostratigraphic units or indices, to prove the adequate use of chemostratigraphy as an independent correlation technique and to integrate the chemostratigraphy and petrophysical characteristics of the four wells to facilitate lithological identification.

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ROSSI, JUNIOR ERNESTO S. "Determinacao experimental do potencial nucleo-nucleo e da densidade do projetil sup(18)O, por meio do espalhamento quase-elastico em nucleos-alvos na camada f-p." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2001. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10914.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:45:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T13:56:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07295.pdf: 6617875 bytes, checksum: 02bc676c5e25a80397e40d7d6eecf61d (MD5)
Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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Books on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Study of proton and neutron activation of metal samples in low earth orbit: Final technical report. Richmond, Ky: Eastern Kentucky University, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Hashimoto, Kengo. "Subcriticality." In Accelerator-Driven System at Kyoto University Critical Assembly, 13–49. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0344-0_2.

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AbstractFor a subcritical reactor system driven by a periodically pulsed spallation neutron source in KUCA, the Feynman-α and the Rossi-α neutron correlation analyses are conducted to determine the prompt neutron decay constant and quantitatively to confirm a non-Poisson character of the neutron source. The decay constant determined from the present Feynman-α analysis well agrees with that from a previous analysis for the same subcritical system driven by an inherent source. Considering the effect of a higher mode excited, the disagreement can be successfully resolved. The power spectral analysis on frequency domain is also carried out. Not only the cross-power but also the auto-power spectral density have a considerable correlated component even at a deeply subcritical state, where no correlated component could be previously observed under a 14 MeV neutron source. The indicator of the non-Poisson character of the present spallation source can be obtained from the spectral analysis and is consistent with that from the Rossi-α analysis. An experimental technique based on an accelerator-beam trip or restart operation is proposed to determine the subcritical reactivity of ADS. Applying the least-squares inverse kinetics method to the data analysis, the subcriticality can be inferred from time-sequence neutron count data after these operations.
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Boothroyd, Andrew T. "Diffraction in the Static Approximation." In Principles of Neutron Scattering from Condensed Matter, 31–72. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862314.003.0002.

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The basic principles of crystallography are reviewed, including the lattice, basis and reciprocal lattice. The Bragg diffraction law and Laue equation, which describe coherent scattering from a crystalline material, are derived, and the structure factor and differential cross-section are obtained in the static approximation. It is explained how the presence of defects, short-range order, and reduced dimensionality causes diffuse scattering. For non-crystalline materials, such as liquids and glasses, the pair distribution function and density-density correlation function are introduced, and their relation to the static structure factor established. For molecular fluids, the form factor is defined and calculated for a diatomic molecule, and the separation of intra- and inter-molecular scattering is discussed. The principles of small-angle neutron scattering are described.
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Conference papers on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Ramli, Asari, Ayham Ashqar, and M. Azan Karim. "An Innovative Approach to Integrated Fluid Typing in Depleted Reservoirs." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21215-ms.

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Abstract The economic value of completing a reservoir is strongly influenced by the fluid type. Wells drilled in developed brown field penetrate reservoirs with significant pressure loss due to offset production. A major challenge in evaluating mature reservoirs is the uncertainty introduced by pore fluids with unknown or varying petrophysical properties, such as change hydrocarbon gravity, diminishing pore pressures, and low to absent gas level indication. These are prone to error and uncertainty. Accurate understanding of reservoir fluid properties is therefore a key requirement for successful reservoir management. This manuscript illustrates a successful integrated workflow to ascertain. An integration between LWD triple combo data, near/far neutron, mud logs, pressure measurement, and production history of neighbouring wells, are critical to confirm fluid type within the drilled reservoirs. Cross plots, ratios and confidence analysis are required to ascertain the confidence level. Acquired data was ranked according to uncertainty associated with the acquisition technique, rate of penetration, lag time, mud type, and pre-test drawdown. Mobility was used as an indicator of fluid type or phase change in absence of any major rock type changes. Gas data were verified for any mud contamination and analysed using ratios to verify Hydrocarbon wetness. Data was ranked based on confidence factor determined through data precision and reservoir propertied. We also highlight the uncertainty in measurements. The fluid typing workflow used successfully identified the correct fluid typing, and reduced the reliance on single conventional method, or the need to run pre-test measurements. Data in intervals dominated with residual oil saturation showed misleading fluid type, same applies in high permeability sand, corrected gas data analysis gave a good indication of fluid type and mapped the change in fluid phase when combined with log data, while near/ far neutron aided to correlate the different sands, however due to its relationship with porosity, there is no one correlation could be derived. This paper illustrates that standard petrophysical techniques, such as analysis of density and neutron porosity logs, near/far neutrons, pretest can give misleading results if used in solo without consideration to the uncertainty associated with the measurement. The integration of fundamentally different data has resulted in identifying the fluid typing and its distribution in the reservoir and without integrating other measurements. A fluid typing systematic was developed to ensure the best and cost-effective model to assure the correct fluid type is identified. In this paper, a methodology is proposed which uses the geodesic transform, and integrate various source fundamentally different data, which is routinely acquired, then develop a systematic reasoning of confidence on data precision and accuracy. The system followed ensured the correct mapping of fluid typing in various reservoirs with different petrophysical properties. It is the first time such workflow is followed, and an integrated approach is consistently used in different sandstone reservoirs.
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Kantaatmadja, Budi Priyatna, Fadzlin H. Kasim, W. Nur Zainudin, Emad Elsebakhi, Ernest A. Jones Jr, and Amita M. Ali. "Permeability Prediction Using Rock-Typing, Flow Zone Indicator and Machine Learning Techniques in a Brownfield Offshore Malaysia." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21436-ms.

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Abstract Predicting permeability in low-medium quality reservoirs (> 10 md to <100mD) is important in brownfields since many of them can still produce hydrocarbons. Developing an approach relating geologic properties to permeability prediction can increase field reserves and extend producing life. The common practice of predicting permeability includes linear regressions of core-porosities vs. core-permeabilities applying different lithofacies. However, these methods discount data scattering around regression-lines. This paper describes an innovative-technique for permeability prediction that combines rock-types, flow-zone-indicator (FZI), and machine-learning techniques (ML). FZI is a reservoir-flow-unit that controls hydraulic fluid-flow and is influenced by pore-geometry resulting from diagenetic-processes. In reservoirs, pore-geometry usually is heterogenous due to mineral-composition, rock-texture, cementation, and compaction. Thus,the commonly used permeability equation of Kozeny-Carman (KC) equation still can be used but it needs to be modified for better connecting FZI to hydraulic-flow-units. The modified KC equation incorporates heterogeneous poregeometry as a non-linear-function of porosity by adding cementation-exponent (m) into the equation, where the original KC equation assumes m is equal to one. The semi-log cross-plot between Reservoir-Quality-Index (RQI) vs. PHIZ*Por(m-1) (or FZIm) from the modified KC equation can be constructed using rock-type class. The ML approach was applied to predict FZI groups using 4 standard-logs: gamma-ray, resistivity, density, and neutron-porosity. Cross-plots of RQI vs. PHIZ (conventional FZI) can be compared to RQI vs. PHIZ*Por(m-1) (modified FZI model) usingdata from 11cored wells in oil field offshore Malaysia. The modified FZI model shows less data clustering compared to the conventional FZI model, shown by higher R2 coefficient correlation accuracy. The proposed modified FZI model shows narrower permeability range at low porosity which is a good indication of more accurate hydraulic-flow-unit interpretation. When applying the original and modified FZI models, each lithofacies may occur in more than one hydraulic-flow-unit due to pore-geometry difference within the same lithofacies. Furthermore, the hydraulic-flow-unit generated by the modified FZI model is more sensitive to total porosity when comparing to original FZI model. Each generated hydraulic-flow-unit has better correlation to total porosity and with less scattered permeability at the same porosity. The permeability calculated by modified FZI model was then verified with core permeability showing an excellent overall match. On the ML technique, the "Random Forests" technique will be utilized due to recognized as one of the most recent ML algorithm(s) developed as an innovative technique based on both classifications and regression trees techniques. The Random Forests technique has shown its great accuracy on predictive exactness for these challenge permeability estimations. The prediction quality was benchmark by R2 value of > 0.9 for all crossplots (porosity, permeability, and water saturation) when comparing to routine core analysis lab measurements.
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Wang, Guanbo, Bin Zhong, Kan Wang, and Ganglin Yu. "Thermal Neutron Cross Sections of Cold-Moderators." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29408.

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This paper reviews some moderators for cold neutron source. As a good cold moderator, solid methane was studied and evaluated using the new synthetic frequency spectrum theory (SFS). Due to its high proton density and easy handling, mesitylene (not included in ENDF/B) has also been considered as a very good moderator for cold neutron source. Evaluation of this material in different crystalline phases was done by using a preliminary frequency spectra built combining experimental and synthetic contributions. As a result, we have generated ACE format scattering data files by the NJOY code, with validations of comparing total cross sections from experiments.
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Saleh, Khaled, Aly Morad, Chiara Cavalleri, Emad Abdel Hakim, Mohamed Farouk, Eslam Atwa, Mohamed Ameen, Youssif Youssif, and Kareem Mamdouh. "DERIVING SYNTHETIC BULK DENSITY USING FAST NEUTRON CROSS-SECTION IN A LOG-INTEGRATED APPROACH FROM SLIM PULSED NEUTRON LOGGING IN CASED-HOLE ENVIRONMENT." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0098.

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Recent advancement in logging technology and data analytics allows measuring a comprehensive set of formation petrophysical properties and rock composition in cased boreholes. State-of-the-art pulsed neutron logging technology and processing algorithms record capture and inelastic elemental spectroscopy for matrix parameters, and detailed mineralogy characterization, total organic content estimation, and carbon/oxygen analysis, simultaneously with formation sigma, neutron porosity, and fast neutron cross-section. The fast neutron cross-section (FNXS) is a new formation nuclear property introduced by the advanced pulsed neutron tool that is independent of thermal and capture cross-section and highly sensitive to gas regardless of hydrogen index. Unlike thermal neutron capture cross-section, for which certain isotopes have extremely high values (such as Cl, B, and Gd), fast neutron cross-sections of all isotopes are more or less similar. Thus, FNXS is approximately proportional to atom density. Therefore, this new nuclear property has functionality similar to that of the bulk density (gamma-gamma density measurement). A local relationship can be defined to convert the FNXS into bulk density when the lithology and fluid properties are known, and calibration is possible. Otherwise, a more comprehensive assessment of bulk density can be performed by integrating FNXS with the other outputs from the slim pulsed neutron logging into a mineral solver. While solving for rock and fluid volumes from the cased-hole logs, a reconstructed bulk density may be derived in a cased-hole environment. This synthetic bulk density can be used by geophysicists to develop synthetic seismograms to properly map formation tops with surface seismic data. Since the pulsed neutron measurements follow linear volumetric law equations, they can be directly integrated into a mineral solver together with the elemental spectroscopy outputs to create a synthetic bulk density, together with the other answers. A blind comparison was done between synthetic bulk density from the cased-hole log-based mineral solver and a measured openhole density, showing a strong correlation in a three-phase fluid reservoir (gas, oil, and water). A synthetic seismogram is an essential tool when geophysicists fine-tune surface seismic data. This seismogram is developed using bulk density and compressional slowness to derive acoustic impedance, where sometimes bulk density is missing. As a result, an old approach to estimate bulk density using Gardner’s equation has certain limitations in complex environments. The new formation nuclear property that is now available in the slim pulsed neutron technology can be leveraged to provide a more robust and quality-controlled synthetic bulk density derived through FNXS integrated with the other pulsed neutron and spectroscopy outputs.
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Tanaka, Masaomi, Mitsunori Fukuda, Daiki Nishimura, Shinji Suzuki, Maya Takechi, Mototsugu Mihara, Kensaku Matsuta, et al. "Reaction Cross Sections for 8He and 14B on Proton target for the Separation of Proton and Neutron Density Distributions." In Proceedings of the Conference on Advances in Radioactive Isotope Science (ARIS2014). Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7566/jpscp.6.020026.

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O'Connor*, Stephen, Ed Hoskin, Rick Lahann, Jack Lee, Christopher Ward, Valerio Gulli, Patricia Kelly, Makhlouf Boubahziz, Guy Markham, and Sarah Clancy. "Density/Neutron Cross-Plotting; Its Application as a Qualitative Basinal Tool for Pore Pressure Prediction: Case Study North Carnarvon Basin." In International Conference and Exhibition, Melbourne, Australia 13-16 September 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists and American Association of Petroleum Geologists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/ice2015-2210154.

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Hill, Donald G., and E. R. Crain. "RAPID CROSS-PLOT DISCRIMINATION OF COMMERCIAL POTASH MINERALIZATION – CASE HISTORIES." In 2021 SPWLA 62nd Annual Logging Symposium Online. Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30632/spwla-2021-0109.

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Potash minerals are a source of potassium, which is used for the manufacture of gunpowder and fertilizer. Commercial potash mineralization is often discovered when petroleum wells are drilled through evaporite sequences and the Gamma Ray log “goes off scale”. This is because potassium is one of the naturally occurring radioactive elements, emitting gamma rays from the 40K isotope, in its decay to 40Ar. However, not all potash minerals may be commercial sources of potassium via underground mechanical or solution mining techniques and Potassium is not the only radioactive element. For example, the mineralogy of the McNutt “Potash” member of the Salado Formation in SE New Mexico, is extremely complex, consisting of multiple thin (i.e., less than 10 ft thick) beds of six low-grade (radioactive) potash minerals, only two of which are commercial. There are also four non-radioactive evaporite minerals, one of which interferes with potash milling chemistry, and numerous claystones and Marker Beds (shales), with GR count rates comparable to the low-grade potash. Because of this complexity, traditional wireline and Logging While Drilling Potash Assay techniques, such as Gamma Ray log-to-core assay transforms, may not be sufficient to identify potentially commercial potash mineralization, for underground mining. Crain and Anderson (1966) and Hill (2019) developed linear programming, and multi-mineral analyses, respectively, to estimate Potash mineralogy and grades. However, both of these approaches require complete sets of multiple log measurements. In SE New Mexico, petroleum wells are drilled through the McNutt “Potash” member of the Salado Formation, with air, cased and drilled out to TD in the underlying sediments, with water based mud. Complete log suites are then run from TD to the casing shoe, with only the GR and neutron logs recorded through the cased evaporite sequence for stratigraphic and structural correlation. As a result, numerous oil and gas wells, in SE New Mexico, have cased hole gamma ray and neutron logs, through the Salado Evaporite. Logs, from these wells could provide a rapid Potash screening database, if used properly. A simple screening cross-plot technique, the Potash Identification (PID) plot, utilizing only Gamma Ray and Neutron Porosity, is proposed and successfully demonstrated, as a potential screening tool. This technique can be used with both open and cased-hole petroleum well logs, as well as core hole wire-line logs, and provides discrimination of commercial potash mineralization from non-commercial (potash and non-potash) radioactive mineralization. Case histories of the use of PID cross plots in the evaporite basins of Michigan, Nova Scotia, Saskatchewan, and SE New Mexico are described. The technique may also be useful in screening potential potash deposits in China, Europe, North Africa, and South America.
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Yang, Yi, Yiguo Li, and Bin Zhao. "Physics Design of Special Epithermal Neutron Beam Based on Multi D-D Reaction Neutron Tubes." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81392.

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Accelerator used for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is the development trend of cancer treatment in the future. Neutron generator is a neutron source with compact structure, easy to operate, and lower price in accelerator (the structure of neutron tube is more compact). It has a high feasibility of establishing in the hospital when compared with other types of accelerator. At present, the D-D reaction has higher neutron yield than other reactions, more easy to get D material. Therefore, the epithermal neutron beam based on D-D neutron generator is studied for BNCT usage. First, the calculation model is established by MCNP program, including the neutron source model, the geometric model of the irradiation device. The specific neutron energy spectrum and angular distribution of the D-D reaction are theoretically analyzed when establishing the D-D reaction neutron source model. The basic structure models of typical irradiation devices are designed, and then the optimal suitable moderator material for the irradiation device is studied from the neutron reaction cross section, the combination of iron and Fluental materials is optimum. The irradiation device with multi D-D neutron tubes’ combination as BNCT neutron source is designed. It can be concluded by study that the parameters at the beam exit are epithermal neutron flux density 2.01 × 108 n/cm2 · s, fast neutron contamination 1.33 × 10−11 Gy · cm2/n, γ contamination 5.79 × 10−17 Gy · cm2/n, for the combination with 6 neutron tubes. The result can meet IAEA’s requirements for BNCT epithermal neutron beam quality.
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Oh, Chang H., and Eung S. Kim. "Validations of CFD Code for Density-Gradient Driven Air Ingress Stratified Flow." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29807.

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Air ingress into a very high temperature gas-cooled reactor (VHTR) is an important phenomenon to consider because the air oxidizes the reactor core and lower plenum where the graphite structure supports the core region in the gas turbine modular helium reactor (GT-MHR) design, thus jeopardizing the reactor’s safety. Validating the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code used to analyze the air ingress phenomena is therefore an essential part of the safety analysis and the ultimate computation required for licensing. An experimental data set collected by ETH Zurich on a lock exchange experiment (Grobelbauser et al., Lowe et al. 2002; Lowe et al. 2005; and Shin et al. 2004) was selected for the validation. The experiment was based on a series of lock exchange flows with gases of different density ratios varying from 0.046 to 0.9 in a closed channel of a square cross-section. The focus was on the quantitative measurement of front velocities of the gravity current flows. The experiment results cover the full range of gas intrusions—heavy as well as light—for the gravity current flows in the lock exchange situations. FLUENT CFD code (ANSYS Fluent 2008) was used. The calculated results showed very good agreement with the experimental data. A number of tables and comparison plots are included to summarize the estimated current speeds. The current speed obtained by experimental data was 1.25 m/s and that of the simulation was 1.19 m/s. This result indicates that the deviation of the simulation is only 4.8% that of the experimental data.
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Spivey, Sean, and Kim A. Shollenberger. "Numerical Analysis of Geometric Effects on Pressure Drop in 180° Turning Channels." In ASME 2008 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the Heat Transfer, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2008-55067.

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A numerical investigation of geometric effects on pressure loss around 180° turning channels in a cooled turbine blade has been conducted. A base case was created for validation and to determine the optimum grid density, inlet boundary conditions, and turbulence model. For the base case, the channel maintains constant square cross-section geometry in both the inlet and outlet leg. After establishing the optimum criteria for the base case, the geometry of the outlet leg is altered from the standard square cross-section four ways. Two of the four altered geometries hold a constant area ratio, while the decline angles are changed to 6° and 12°. The final two geometries hold a constant decline angle of 6° while the area ratios are increased and decreased 20%. Using the optimum criteria found for the base case, models are run with the new geometries. As the angle of decline is increased the total pressure loss decreases slightly, while velocity magnitude plots indicate poor heat transfer characteristics near the inner wall due to flow separation. As the area ratio increases, total pressure loss decreases and velocity magnitude plots again indicate poor heat transfer characteristics. Thus, the geometry can effect the pressure loss by as much as 10%.
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Reports on the topic "Neutron – density cross plots"

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Wooten, Hasani Omar. The ENDF/B-VIII.0 Compendium Volume I: Neutron Cross Section Plots. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1617350.

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