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Shea, James P. "Bacon's use of Genesis 1-3 in Novum organum and New Atlantis." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1998. http://www.tren.com.
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Gallo, Evan. "The Relationship Between the State and Salomon's House in Francis Bacon's New Atlantis." Thesis, Boston College, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/975.
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Thesis advisor: Robert FaulknerOver the past century we have witnessed and benefitted from a technological boom. Issues ranging from how science should progress to how it should be used continually gain prominence in public debates. This raises the question: what is the ideal relationship between the state and the scientific institutions? I attempt to explain how Francis Bacon, one of the founders of the modern era, answers this with his New Atlantis. Bacon’s realpolitik nature allows the New Atlantis to achieve what very few utopias can, actualization. By looking at New Atlantis’s fictionalized country, Bensalem, we can see Bacon’s ideal relationship between the scientific institution (Salomon’s House) and the state. First, I examine the state and Salomon’s House independently of each other, and then how they interact. Eventually, Bacon shows us that a strong and independent scientific institution is necessary to establish perpetuity to a well ordered state
Thesis (MA) — Boston College, 2009
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Political Science
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Langman, Andrew Peter. "'Beyond, both the Old World, and the New' : Authority and Knowledge in the works of Francis Bacon, with special reference to the New Atlantis." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2007. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1887.
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This study investigates the role of authority in the works of Francis Bacon, arguing that the issue of authority provides not only an interpretation of New Atlantis, but an important structural component of his body of works. From the first manifestation of his philosophical project to his last works of natural history, authority is an all-pervasive issue - the authority of nature, of scripture, of the named author, and how authority functions in the dissemination of natural knowledge. Chapter one argues that the publication of New Atlantis alongside Sylva sylvarum in 1626/7 was more the result of William Rawley's need to assert his own authority as the protector and disseminator of Bacon's textual legacy than an appreciation of the work's own qualities. Chapter two considers Bacon's views of history and time, suggesting that Bacon not only conceived of a new, progressive mode of historical time which would allow for the assertion of a textual authority based on the records of a civilisation unbroken by the vicissitudes of time, but that he figured these theories in New Atlantis. Chapter three argues that Bacon used theology both as defence and imperative to his intellectual programme, while his attempt to move beyond the deterministic, Calvinist world-view to allow for multiple possible futures, or `chance': Bacon could then present experiment as the way of eliminating chance, in order to accelerate the rate of new discovery. Chapter four investigates Bacon's manipulations of textual authority, from the early rehearsals of the Instauratio magna to the performance of reliability in print in Sylva sylvarum. Finally, the afterword seeks to suggest that the New Atlantis hinges on the issues of authority with which Bacon engaged throughout his career and writings: in the issue of authority, Francis Bacon found the beginning and the end of his philosophy.
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Popelard, Mickaël. "Faustus, Prospero, Salomon : la représentation du savant en Angleterre à l'époque de la Révolution Scientifique." Paris 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA030098.
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En Angleterre, la révolution scientifique coïncide avec la Renaissance. Il n'est pas surprenant dès lors que Marlowe et Shakespeare s'emparent de la figure du savant dans Doctor Faustus et The Tempest. La science est encore plus présente dans l'oeuvre de Bacon : New Atlantis dépeint une société idéale dont la prospérité et le bonheur dépendent d'une institution scientifique nommée "Maison de Salomon". Le terme "savant" est néanmoins problématique. Il ne correspond à aucune catégorie sociale ou culturelle de l'époque. On peut cependant tenter de définir certains des traits que partagent alors les "philosophes naturels" : quoique très influencés par l'humanisme, ils témoignent d'un très vif intérêt pour la technique et tentent de défendre la magie contre les critiques féroces des théologiens. Ces trois aspects – l'humanisme, la magie et la technique – trouvent à leur façon leur place dans The Tempest et Doctor Faustus. La représentation populaire du savant hésite entre rejet et raillerie. Le savant est perçu soit comme un dangereux athée, soit comme un mélancolique inadapté au réel. Ce n'est pas à dire que la représentation littéraire ou sociale du savant soit parfaitement uniforme. Les savants prennnent, pour leur part, de plus en plus conscience de la communauté à laquelle ils appartiennent : la rhétorique agonistique s'efface derrière l'affirmation d'une nouvelle sociabilité. Mais la science demeure une activité ambiguë jusqu'à la fin de la période. L'enthousiasme de Bacon s'oppose à l'image plus ambivalente que Marlowe et Shakespeare proposent de la science, dont on sait combien la littérature, par la suite, critiquera les dérives potentiellesIn England the dawn of the "Scientific Revolution" coincided with the Renaissance. It is therefore no accident that dramatists like Marlowe and Shakespeare seized on the figure of the "scientist" in Doctor Faustus and The Tempest. Science is even more present a theme in Bacon's works : in New Atlantis he describes an ideal society whose prosperity and comfort depend on a scientific institution which he calls the "House of Salomon. " The "scientist" was certainly not a "natural" feature of the social or cultural environment. One may say, however, that "natural philosophers", as they were sometimes called, shared a number of common characteristics. While still very much influenced by the humanist tradition, they expressed a very strong interest in technology. They also believed in magic and tried to legitimize its use in the face of the theologians' strictures. All three aspects – humanism, magic and technology – found their way into Doctor Faustus and The Tempest. On the whole, the popular image of the scientist was poised between rejection and mockery. He was seen either as a dangerous atheist or as a melancholy man detached from reality. Yet the literary depiction of the scientist was by no means a uniform one. Scientific treatises reveal the scientists' growing sense that they belonged to a learned community. They stopped emphasizing their isolation and gave prominence to their links with other scientists. Science remained an ambivalent pursuit until the end of the period. Bacon's enthusiasm is profoundly at odds with Shakespeare's or Marlowe's more ambivalent depiction which prefigures the later literary representations of science as a potentially destructive activity
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Welford, Theresa Malphrus. "Trans-Atlantic connections : the Movement and New Formalism." Thesis, University of Essex, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423547.
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Irving, Brook Alys. "The Rhetorical Dimensions of Place-making: Texts, Structures, and Movement in Atlantic Station." Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia State University, 2009. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_theses/54/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2009.Title from title page (Digital Archive@GSU, viewed June 28, 2010) Jeffrey Bennett, committee chair; Katherine Hankins, Mary Stuckey, Tomasz Tabako, committee members. Includes bibliographical references (p. 127-134).
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Painter, S. C. "New production in the Tropical and Subtropical Atlantic Ocean." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2006. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/41336/.
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Subtropical gyres represent the single largest oceanic biome and may be very important for carbon cycling on account of their areal extent, yet our understanding of how these regions operate biologically is lacking. To address this issue measurements of NO3-, NH4+ and urea uptake were made using the 15N technique on 2 Atlantic Meridional Transect (AMT) cruises between 50oS and 50oN in May-June 2003 (AMT12) and April-June 2004 (AMT14). Distinct vertical profiles in the uptake of each nutrient were evident with urea uptake primarily confined to tropical and subtropical surface waters, NH4+ uptake to surface and intermediate waters and NO3- uptake peaking at depth leading to the observation of deep maxima in NO3- uptake within the subtropical gyres often coincident with the nutricline and with the deep chlorophyll maximum. Comparisons between the two cruises reveal interannual changes including an increase in the uptake rates of all three nutrients during AMT14, particularly NO3- which is driven by an increase in ambient NO3- concentrations. Several other parameters (e.g. chlorophyll, 14C carbon fixation, other nutrients) were also higher during AMT14 compared to AMT12 suggesting gyre scale variation. Estimates of NO3- based new production, obtained via a stoichiometric (Redfield) ratio, for the two cruises reveal relatively consistent rates within the tropics and subtropics within each cruise but higher rates of new production during AMT14. A greater proportion of new production was observed to occur in the lower 15% of the euphotic zone than in the surface layer reflecting the position and influence of the nutricline. A northward increase in new production in the lower regions of the euphotic zone was also observed which is hypothesized to represent a seasonal signal implying a degree of seasonality in the behaviour of the deep chlorophyll maximum and of deep NO3- uptake. The historical AMT database (AMT cruises 1-14) has been used to further examine the deep chlorophyll maximum. The observations of high NO3- uptake at depth, in excess of 14C based productivity nitrogen requirements and new production estimates exceeding total production rates suggests that nitrogen and carbon uptake may be decoupled at depth or that the measured NO3- uptake may not in fact represent new production. Integrated rates of new production were also occasionally found to locally exceed integrated community gross production and community respiration. Comparisons between new production and 234Th export production during AMT14 reveal that the two measurements are not equal, most likely on account of the different time scales of the two techniques, but comparisons with other parameters (carbon fixation, gross and net production and respiration) reveal that none of the parameters produce exact answers although similar patterns and magnitudes of carbon flux can be obtained. This would suggest that local decoupling of all rate processes is likely.
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Milne, Graeme J. "New England agents and the English Atlantic, 1641-1666." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20020.
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Colonial agents played a central role in the early relationship between England and the New England settlements. Agent's missions forced the colonies to devise a working definition of their political, legal and cultural status with regard to England. Agents secured charters and negotiated agreements which placed the colonies on a lasting constitutional base, both in transatlantic terms, and with respect to one another. The Rhode Island towns recognised at an early date that they needed English help if they were to resist annexation by the other colonies: that support was maintained by dispatching agents to successive English regimes. This study uses evidence from both sides of the Atlantic, analysing both the agency as an institution, and its role in English Atlantic affairs. The first generation agents were better organised and more successful than students of later periods have allowed. As first generation settlers with close personal ties to England, the early agents also offer unique insights into the attitudes and concerns of colonials when faced with civil turmoil in their home country. In turn, England's leaders held views about the colonies which are revealed in their dealings with agents. The study of agents has therefore allowed many seemingly unrelated strands in transatlantic politics and society to be drawn together and examined in a wider context.
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Kanwit, Jessica Kohl. "Stock Intermixing and Movement of Atlantic Herring (Clupea Harengus) In the Gulf of Maine and Southern New England." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2005. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/KanwitJK2005.pdf.
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Zamora, Lauren Maria. "Inputs and Biogeochemical Impacts of Nutrient Deposition on the Subtropical North Atlantic." Scholarly Repository, 2010. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/477.
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Atmospheric nitrogen deposition to the ocean has more than doubled in the past 150 years due to anthropogenic activity, reaching levels comparable with nitrogen fixation in the subtropical North Atlantic. Previous studies have suggested that atmospherically deposited N may increase export production, decrease surface water phosphate levels, and substantially impact geochemical estimates of nitrogen fixation. This dissertation reports on the magnitude and biogeochemical fate of soluble N and P deposition in the subtropical North Atlantic. Aerosol and wet deposition time-series samples were used to determine the fluxes, sources, and N:P ratios of atmospheric nutrient deposition. Based on the magnitudes of total soluble N and P deposition, atmospheric nutrients are estimated to supply ~10-50% of allochthonous N to the North Atlantic subtropical gyre. Samples gathered in Barbados, the Canary Islands, and Miami indicate that atmospheric N sources are primarily anthropogenic (and thus, increasing) and that P sources are primarily natural (and thus relatively steady). Because inorganic nutrient concentrations in surface waters are in the low nM range, increasing P stress in surface waters may occur as a result of increasing N deposition. This assessment is supported by modeling studies, which also indicate that deposition would enhance surface P depletion. Inorganic N contributes nearly all (85-87%) of atmospherically deposited soluble N; the majority (~60%) of the remaining soluble organic N is comprised of an incompletely characterized pool of volatile basic organic N. Water soluble organic P contributes ~20-50% of soluble P. Because organic P contributes a relatively higher portion of soluble P as compared to organic N, the inclusion of organic matter in deposition estimates could both enhance the expected level of export production and reduce the predicted levels of P stress induced by atmospheric deposition. Further modeling studies indicate that the fate of atmospheric nutrients in the subtropical North Atlantic is controlled by non-Redfieldian processes, and that atmospheric nutrients eventually accumulate in the main thermocline. The research presented here suggests that future increases in atmospheric N emissions could have long-term impacts on surface ocean biology and nutrient cycles in the subtropical North Atlantic.
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Douglas, Frank Ronald. "The United States, NATO, base closures and the new Atlantic relationship." Thesis, University of Kent, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429797.
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Adams, Mikaëla M. "Native in a New World: The Trans-Atlantic Life of Pocahontas." Miami University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=muhonors1177453847.
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Buchnea, Emily. "Bridging the middle Atlantic : the Liverpool-New York Trading Community, 1763-1833." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.599912.
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Over the last few decades, a sizable proportion of scholarly attention has focused on trading communities around the Atlantic littoral. While there has been much research conducted regarding these communities, such as the work of Cathy Matson, Bernard Bailyn and Graeme Milne, there is not one study that compares or investigates the connections between Liverpool and New York between 1750 and 1833. The only focused examinations of the Liverpool-New York trade concentrate on the successful cotton trade of the 1820s and 1830s. Yet as two leading ports in Atlantic trade from the mid-eighteenth century onwards, they make for excellent case studies as the trading community and trade grew throughout this period despite being affected by many events occurring within the Atlantic world. Therefore, examining the Liverpool-New York trading community after the end of the Seven Years' War until the Abolition of Slavery in the British West Indies provides an excellent perspective on the transition from colonial to post-colonial Anglo-American commercial activity in the Atlantic world. These two ports expanded at similar rates in the eighteenth century and became linked in a relationship of continual exchange from the middle of this century. The trade between Liverpool and New York was comprised of an array of commodities which demonstrated the extent of the merchants' links to the hinterland and expansive coastal trades. Through the use of newspaper import lists, custom service records, customs bills of entry and the records of the Tontine Coffee House in New York, a new database has been constructed which demonstrates the volume of a wide-range of commodities traded between each port. This data shows the extent to which the trade was transformed over this seventy year period and its increasing diversity and complexity. New York exports to Liverpool were first comprised of raw goods procured from the direct hinterland. However, by the nineteenth century New York merchants spread their connections much further afield. As such, commodities from the southern states such as North Carolina and Georgia, the West Indies, Central and South America became a crucial part of a coastal and re-export trade. The exports from Liverpool to New York also changed through this period as manufacturing expanded in Lancashire, Yorkshire and the Midlands and liverpool extended its connections further into this productive hinterland. Above all, what is most remarkable is the rate at which this trade grew between 1763 and 1833, and the extent to which the merchants involved in this trade were responsible for this growth. Between 1763 and 1833, the larger Liverpool-New York trade network encompassed many dynamic merchants who maintained relationships with trusted correspondents and who were dedicated to the expansion of this trade. These relationships were evident in the collections of personal and business correspondence, chamber of commerce meeting minutes and travel diaries which have been utilised in this study in order to evaluate the efficiency of this network and the success and failings of individual merchant firms. Throughout this period, the network of merchants was transformed as it contracted and expanded in response to changes in trading conditions. This change over time can be divided into three phases (1760s-1780s; 1790s-1815 and 1815-1833). During these phases, merchants relied on chains of commodity and information exchange in order to make informed decisions about their trade. While at times relationships between merchants in Liverpool and New York were problematic, by and large the trade and trading community expanded by virtue of the efforts of these merchants to promote and protect their trade. From the 1760s to the 1830s,this trade network changed from a small group of merchants trading in a few commodities procured from the direct hinterland, to a large community of well-established firms which possessed connections to many trades, industries and locations. This trading community, which started as a small but important part of the Atlantic economy, by the 1830s was at its centre. The central location of both ports meant they were often affected by events occurring in the Atlantic sphere. Firms which possessed numerous reliable contacts and a varied commodity portfolio typically fared well in situations of extreme fluctuation and uncertainty. Smaller firms with limited access to alternative sources for commodities and information were usually less fortunate. Despite the many wars, economic crises, political and environmental changes of this period, the larger Liverpool-New York trade network was resilient. Mapping these networks and how they were affected by events during this transitional period demonstrates the volatility of Atlantic commerce in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and the ability of merchants in the Liverpool-New York trading community to cope with consistent uncertainty and flux. By illustrating the growth of this trade and the development of the trading community, this study has made an important contribution to the literature on transatlantic trading communities and the Atlantic economy in general.
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Hardesty, Jared Ross. "Slavery, Freedom, and Dependence in Pre-Revolutionary Boston, 1700-1775." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3775.
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Thesis advisor: Cynthia L. LyerlyThis dissertation uses an early-modern, transnational lens to examine slavery in eighteenth-century Boston. It serves as a test case for reexamining and reconceptualizing slavery in British North America and the Atlantic World. Rather than the traditional dichotomous conception of slavery and freedom, colonial-era slavery must be understood as part of a continuum of unfreedom. In Boston, African slavery existed alongside many other forms of dependence, including indentured servitude, apprenticeship, pauper apprenticeship, and Indian slavery. Drawing heavily on legal records such as wills and trial transcripts, we can see how African slavery functioned within this complex world of dependency. In this hierarchical, inherently unfree world, enslaved Bostonians were more concerned with their everyday treatment than emancipation. Eschewing modern notions of freedom and liberty and understanding slavery as part of a larger Atlantic World characterized by a culture of unfreedom, this study demonstrates not only how African slaves were able to decode their new homeland and shape the terms of enslavement, but also how marginalized people engrained themselves in the very fabric of colonial American society
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: History
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Hammond, Gregory Elliott. "Genetic variability and population differentiation in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) from New Brunswick." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0018/MQ57292.pdf.
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Dumke, Ines [Verfasser]. "New insights into fluid flow and seep processes - Case studies from the North Atlantic and offshore New Zealand / Ines Dumke." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073150623/34.
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Smati, Hossem Edine. "Physical forcing of zooplankton in the upper oligotrophic ocean off Bermuda (northwestern Atlantic) and New Caledonia (southwestern Pacific) from acoustics and net measurements." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4073.
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Les forçages physiques conditionnent la discontinuité dans l'espace et le temps (patchiness) du plancton dans l'océan. La thèse s'est basée sur deux exemples. Le premier concerne le nord-ouest des Sargasses où une série temporelle à du macrozooplankton a été analysée à partir du rétro signal acoustique (Sv) mesuré avec un ADCP 153-KHz. Trois types de tourbillons ont été identifiés: un tourbillon cyclonique productif, la périphérie d'un tourbillon "mode-water", et la périphérie d'un tourbillon anticyclonique. Les valeurs de Sv ont augmenté au cours du passage des tourbillons, avec une hausse plus marquée associée au bord des tourbillons cyclonique et anticyclonique, ce qui suggère une réponse biologique significative aux upwelling localisées dans la zone frontale de ces tourbillons. Dans le deuxième exemple, la distribution spatiale et temporelle du zooplancton a été étudiée au large de la Nouvelle-Calédonie au cours de deux campagnes multidisciplinaires en 2011. La variabilité du zooplancton a été évaluée à l'aide d'échantillonnage au filet ainsi qu'à partir de mesures acoustiques (ADCP embarqué, échosondeur scientifique et TAPS). Des amplitudes plus élevées de la migration verticale nycthémérale (DVM) du zooplancton étaient associées à une plus grande abondance de petit zooplancton et aux eaux froides du sud de la zone d'étude, tandis que des amplitudes de DVM plus faibles dans le nord étaient associés à des eaux plus chaudes et à de plus grande abondance des grands organismes. Ces mesures acoustique ont clairement mis en évidence le rôle des forçage physique, notamment des structures à méso-échelle, sur la répartition spatiale et temporelle du zooplanctonPhysical forcing drives the space and time discontinuity (patchiness) of plankton in the ocean. The thesis was focused on the role of these forcing on the zooplankton, studied using both acoustic and traditional methods with net sampling. The study was based on two examples. The first one concerns the northwestern Sargasso Sea where high resolution time-series data on 0-200m macrozooplankton abundance and distribution off Bermuda was estimated from volume backscattering strength (Sv) measured with a 153-Khz ADCP. Three types of eddies were identified: a productive cyclonic eddy, the periphery of a mode water eddy, and the periphery of an anticyclonic eddy. Sv values increased during passage of theses eddies, with a more pronounced increase associated with the edge of the cyclonic and the anticyclonic eddies, suggesting a significant biological response to localized upwelling in the high velocity boundary of these eddies. In the second example, spatial and temporal distribution of zooplankton off New Caledonia was studied during two multidisciplinary cruises in 2011. Zooplankton variability was assessed using net sampling together with acoustic measurements (shipborne ADCP, scientific echosounder and TAPS). Higher amplitudes of diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton were associated with higher abundance of large zooplankton and cold waters to the south of the study area, while lower DVM amplitudes in the north were associated with warmer waters and higher abundance of small organisms. These acoustic measurements clearly evidenced the role of physical forcing, particularly mesoscale features, in shaping zooplankton space and time distribution
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Mansoor, Yusuf. "Continuities In Native New England: Knowledge In And Of The Atlantic World, 1634-1675." W&M ScholarWorks, 2020. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1616444464.
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These two papers discuss some of the continuities in the history of Native societies of New England in the mid-seventeenth century. During this time, the presence of English traders and colonists changed Native practices tremendously, with radical political shifts as colonists arrived and fought against powerful Native groups like the Pequots with new weapons and tactics. However, in discussing these changes, one can also see the continuities in this history. Adoption, Adaption: The Indigenous Military Revolution in New England, 1636-1675 In the first paper, the author discusses warfare, and how, in the wake of the Pequot War, where colonists slaughtered hundreds of Pequots in the Mystic Massacre, Native warfare changed as they began to use firearms, and changed the designs of their forts to better repulse attacks from gun-wielding enemies. However, as these changes were made, crucial aspects of Native warfare survived, creating a new style of warfare that was far more effective than either earlier Native or colonial tactics. Continuities in Pequot History: Local and Trans-Atlantic Captivities In the second paper, the author focuses on captivity of Native people by both other Native groups and by European traders and English colonists, using the concept of captivity as a continuity throughout the history of the Pequots of the seventeenth century. Over the course of these tumultuous years the Pequots fell victim to slaving Europeans, became a regional power, and, after the Pequot War, were enslaved by both English and Native rivals, before returning to a state of protected independence under the English. Throughout this, despite radical changes in Pequot status, captivity was a constant threat for the Pequots, and thus forms a vital continuity in understanding this history.
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Cowling, Randal K. "Creating an advanced conversational English class for hispanic citydwellers in Atlantic City, New Jersey." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1993. http://www.tren.com.
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D'Haijere, Tania. "Biogeography of Atlantic Central Africa - Tridactyle (Orchidaceae): a story of speciation and colonisation on São Tomé and Príncipe." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/325606.
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The general objective of this work is to better understand the mechanisms of diversification of the African flora on the Gulf of Guinea islands. We focused on orchids, one of the three predominant plant families on São Tomé and Príncipe. We selected the genus Tridactyle, wich presents a high level of diversity and of endemism in the archipelago.We first redefined the taxonomical framework, as the genus belongs to a clade in which the taxonomical classification did not correspond to the phylogenetic tree obtained by previous studies. To address these classification problems (paraphyly and polyphyly of nominal genera), we firstly used Sanger sequencing to obtain more molecular markers to better estimate the phylogenetic tree of the Tridactyle-Cyrtorchis clade. We used one nuclear marker, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), and five chloroplastic markers (matK, rps16, trnC-petN intergenic spacer, trnL-trnF intergenic spacer, ycf1). Then, we combined the phylogenetic information to a morphological survey, including as many specimens as possible for the genera concerned. We recircumscribed the previously paraphyletic genus Tridactyle, as well as three other genera within the Tridactyle-Cyrtorchis clade (Rangaeris, Ypsilopus and Podangis), and we described two genera with our collaborators, Aziza and Planetangis. We also described six species new to science, two from East Africa and four from São Tomé and Príncipe. Indeed, the morphological diversity of the Tridactyle in the Gulf of Guinea islands has been misevaluated, such that wrong names have been attributed to species new to science.Once this taxonomic work was achieved, we have focused on two other studies: a biogeographic analysis of Tridactyle, to understand the origin and mechanisms generating its diversity in São Tomé and Príncipe, and a phylogeographic study to analyse the genetic variation and geographical distribution of Tridactyle tridactylites, distributed on the archipelago as well as on the continent. These studies were based on DNA sequence variation of the chloroplast genome and ribosomal DNA genes and the data were generated through Illumina Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), which allowed us to include herbarium specimens for which the classic Sanger method did not give satisfactory results.Our study showed that all Tridactyle species currently found on São Tomé and Príncipe colonised the archipelago independently, and that the current species diversity on the islands is the result of allopatric divergence between the islands and the continent, following island colonisation.- 20 -The intraspecific study revealed a high genetic diversity for Tridactyle tridactylites individuals present on Príncipe, which is not common on oceanic islands, but could be a signal that the island was a refuge for the species during the climatic changes related to ice ages. An approximate Bayesian computation analysis (ABC) of the geographic distribution of genetic variation in Atlantic Central Africa and West Africa favoured a hypothesis of recolonisation of the continent from the island rather than a colonisation of the island from the continent. It is possible that the dust-like seeds used wind currents moving from the islands to Central and West Africa as a mean of travel.The work presented here stresses the importance of conducting such studies on more orchid genera, but also on the two other main families of São Tomé and Príncipe, Rubiaceae and Euphorbiaceae. We made a first step toward a better understanding of the mechanisms of diversifications on the Gulf of Guinea islands, but only with a larger number of studies on diverse families and genera, we could draw more general conclusions about these mechanisms for the flora of the archipelago.With regard to the limitations of our study, we were not able to include all species of the genus, especially species from the Democratic Republic of Congo or East Africa. Sampling in the African rainforests is currently not uniformly carried out, and could be improved. Another way to increase sampling is to use new NGS sequencing methods to extract DNA from herbaria preserved in European Herbarium institutions, and obtain genetic information from the chloroplast and ribosome as we have done, but potentially from low-copy nuclear genes as well.Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Thomas, David. "THE ANXIOUS ATLANTIC: WAR, MURDER, AND A “MONSTER OF A MAN” IN REVOLUTIONARY NEW ENGLAND." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/538853.
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HistoryPh.D.
On December 11, 1782 in Wethersfield, Connecticut, a fifty-two year old English immigrant named William Beadle murdered his wife and four children and took his own life. Beadle’s erstwhile friends were aghast. William was no drunk. He was not abusive, foul-tempered, or manifestly unstable. Since arriving in 1772, Beadle had been a respected merchant in Wethersfield good society. Newspapers, pamphlets, and sermons carried the story up and down the coast. Writers quoted from a packet of letters Beadle left at the scene. Those letters disclosed Beadle’s secret allegiance to deism and the fact that the War for Independence had ruined Beadle financially, in his mind because he had acted like a patriot not a profiteer. Authors were especially unnerved with Beadle’s mysterious past. In a widely published pamphlet, Stephen Mix Mitchell, Wethersfield luminary and Beadle’s one-time closest friend, sought answers in Beadle’s youth only to admit that in ten years he had learned almost nothing about the man print dubbed a “monster.” This macabre story of family murder, and the fretful writing that carried the tale up and down the coast, is the heart of my dissertation. A microhistory, the project uses the transatlantic life, death, and print “afterlife” of William Beadle to explore alienation, anonymity, and unease in Britain’s Atlantic empire. The very characteristics that made the Atlantic world a vibrant, dynamic space—migration, commercial expansion, intellectual exchange, and revolutionary politics, to name a few—also made anxiety and failure ubiquitous in that world. Atlantic historians have described a world where white migrants crisscrossed the ocean to improve their lives, merchants created new wealth that eroded the power of landed gentry, and ideas fueled Enlightenment and engendered revolutions. The Atlantic world was indeed such a place. Aside from conquest and slavery, however, Atlantic historians have tended to elide the uglier sides of that early modern Atlantic world. William Beadle crossed the ocean three times and recreated himself in Barbados and New England, but migrations also left him rootless—unknown and perhaps unknowable. Transatlantic commerce brought exotic goods to provincial Connecticut and extended promises of social climbing, but amid imperial turmoil, the same Atlantic economy rapidly left such individuals financially bereft. Innovative ideas like deism crossed oceans in the minds of migrants, but these ideas were not always welcome. Beadle joined the cause of the American Revolution, but amid civil war, it was easy to run afoul of neighboring patriots always on the lookout for Loyalists. Beadle was far from the only person to suffer these anxieties. In the aftermath of the tragedy, commentators strained to make sense of the incident and Beadle’s writings in light of similar Atlantic fears. The story resonated precisely because it raised worries that had long bubbled beneath the surface: the anonymous neighbor from afar, the economic crash out of nowhere, modern ideas that some found exhilarating but others found distressing, and violent conflict between American and English. In his print afterlife, William Beadle became a specter of the Atlantic world. As independence was won, he haunted Americans as well, as commentators worried he was a sign that the American project was doomed to fail.
Temple University--Theses
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Mosher, Celeste V. "Commensalism and Reproductive Biology of the Brittle Star Ophiocreas oedipus Associated with the Octoral Metallogorgia melanotrichos on the New England Corner Rise Seamounts." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2008. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MosherCV2008.pdf.
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Fortuna, Kevin. "The Dunning Man." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2011. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1387.
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Landrum, Jason Paul. "Movement of new nitrogen through oceanic food webs." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28151.
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Thesis (M. S.)--Biology, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.Committee Chair: Joseph Montoya; Committee Member: Ellery Ingall; Committee Member: Emanuele DiLorenzo; Committee Member: Marc Weissburg; Committee Member: Mark Hay.
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Vaz, Neil C. "Dominica's Neg Mawon| Maroonage, Diaspora, and Trans-Atlantic Networks, 1763-1814." Thesis, Howard University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10244889.
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Maroon communities are often portrayed as renegade groups of Africans living within or on the fringes of some of the more popular slave societies such as Jamaica, Saint-Domingue (Haiti), Suriname, or Brazil, whose purpose or goals in their existence was never to strive towards universal emancipation of the African lot, and whose resistance and radicalism, if occurring during the Age of Revolution (i.e. Haiti), is often attributed to European influences during that era. This socio-cultural and political history about a lesser known group of maroons in Dominica challenges the preconceived notions of African maroonage and resistance, and is original in four ways: One, this dissertation demonstrates that the maroons of Dominica who lived in the interior of the island worked with the enslaved population on plantations on several occasions to overthrow the British colonial government in an attempt to assist their African brethren in freedom; Secondly, this work highlights the African origins of the spiritual and political philosophies, particularly the lesser credited Igbo, who comprised of a significant portion of Africans in Dominica, are what guided their anti-slavery and anti-colonial resistance; Thirdly, the maroons and enslaved populations, who demonstrated alliances with one another in Dominica during the 1790s and early nineteenth century were not influenced by French Revolutionary ideals, but were pursued for an alliance, and the former, in particular, often rejected alliances with French Revolutionary sympathizers; Lastly, this dissertation takes the maroons of Dominica outside the confines of a national history and connects it to the greater African Diaspora.
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Meenagh, Martin Lee. "John J. Hughes, first Archbishop of New York, and the Atlantic Irish, c. 1841-c. 1864." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275762.
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Wilson, Carol A. "Morphodynamics in Mid-Atlantic and New England saltmarshes: ecophysical processes and implications with sea-level rise." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12890.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston UniversityThis dissertation reports on the physical, biological, and biogeochemical processes in saltmarshes of Santee Delta, South Carolina, and Boston Harbor and Plum Island Estuary in Massachusetts to evaluate and quantify their dynamic response to sealevel rise. This includes comprehensive ecophysical analyses along the continuum of low to high marsh settings (South Carolina and Massachusetts, respectively), in addition to presenting information on historical saltmarsh evolution, recent anthropogenic alteration, and future sustainability. In the Santee Delta, South Carolina, relative sea-level rise is resulting in rapid creek extension on low marsh platforms of Spartina alterniflora. Measurements of redox potential, pH, belowground biomass, and soil strength reveal that crab colonization and bioturbation from the crab Sesarma reticulatum facilitate creek extension by altering the geotechnical and geochemical properties of the soil. Oxidized conditions in the upper 10-15 cm of the marsh induced by burrowing causes enhanced degradation of belowground biomass, which reduces the structural integrity of the soil and lowers elevation. This process ultimately increases the erosion potential of the sediment in creek head areas. In Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts, creek extension is similarly occurring into localized depressions on high marsh platforms dominated by Spartina patens. Coring and stratigraphic analyses, elevation and vegetation surveys, and accretion rates on marsh platforms and in re-vegetating pools suggest the marshes are in dynamic equilibrium with sea-level rise. Degradation of organic matter, loss in elevation and pool formation is counterbalanced by creek incision, drainage, rapid revegetation, and regain in elevation. These marshes appear to be stable with respect to sea-level rise, and the recent increase in pool formation is linked to changes in drainage density. Finally, saltmarsh evolution throughout the Holocene is investigated in Boston Harbor. Cores, stratigraphic analysis and radiocarbon dating indicate that the marshes on Thompson and Peddocks Islands developed ~2-4 thousand years ago when rates of sea level rise decelerated after glacial melting. A reduction in sediment supply from drumlin bluff stabilization and anthropogenic diking has greatly impacted these marshes in the past century, evidenced by transition from high to low marsh vegetation. Their sustainability with accelerating rates of sea-level rise is questionable.
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SAULEO, DARIA. "MANLIO BROSIO, UN ITALIANO SEGRETARIO GENERALE DELLA NATO NEL PERIODO DELLA DISSIDENZA GAULLISTA." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/62151.
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Manlio Brosio è stato l’unico italiano a ricoprire il ruolo di Segretario Generale della NATO, il quarto in carica dalla fondazione dell’Alleanza, per sette lunghi anni (1964-’71). Durante gli anni della sua guida, l’Alleanza Atlantica dovette fronteggiare alcune fra le più cruciali sfide, a cominciare dal ritiro della Francia gaullista. Da quel momento di potenziale crisi si originarono tuttavia due differenti processi: la riorganizzazione e il trasferimento delle sedi NATO da Parigi a Bruxelles, e, soprattutto, il ripensamento politico dell’Alleanza, a mezzo dello studio che prese il nome di “Esercizio Harmel”. Brosio stesso confessava i propri dubbi circa la capacità della NATO di “sopravvivere alla détente”, a cominciare dai pensieri e timori puntualmente affidati ai suoi diari.
Dopo aver tracciato l’evoluzione del pensiero brosiano, intrecciata alla sua carriera diplomatica, la tesi si focalizza poi sull’esame di come il torinese abbia affrontato il ruolo di Segretario Generale, “con coscienza atlantica e cuore italiano”. Instancabile nel suo lavoro, traghettò l’Alleanza in salvo dalla crisi, con una fine ricerca del consenso politico all’interno del Consiglio Atlantico. Con metodo e serietà che gli furono ampiamente riconosciuti, fu in grado di evitare che l’Alleanza “mantenesse il proprio guscio ma perdesse la sostanza”.Manlio Brosio was the only Italian NATO Secretary General; he was the fourth in charge, from August 1964 through September 1971, his office being one of the longest so far. During Brosio’s seven-year term, the Atlantic Alliance had to face some of the most crucial challenges since its foundation, the first being the withdrawal of the Gaullist France from the military integrated structure, in 1966. Two different processes originated from that moment of potential crisis: the reorganisation and transferral of the NATO Headquarters from Paris to Brussels, and the political rethinking of the Alliance as a whole, through the study which goes under the name of Harmel Report. Projecting the Alliance on the new international framework of improved East-West relations, the Secretary General himself was reflecting upon the key-question “Will NATO survive détente?”; indeed, in his personal diaries (all now published) Brosio revealed his own doubts, fears and sense of inadequacy for the tasks ahead. Having retraced the evolution of Brosio’s political thought and career, the work then focuses on how he approached his difficult position, always honouring his “Atlantic conscience alongside an Italian heart”. Untiring in his work, he steered the Alliance through and out of the potential crisis, always striving to reach consensus in any decision taken during the Council meetings; his seriousness and meticulous method have been widely acknowledged. He finally managed to preserve the fundamental “political ingredient” of the Alliance and to avoid that it “maintain its shell but lose its essence”.
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Sperry, Brian J. "Analysis of acoustic propagation in the region of the New England continental shelfbreak." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/9444.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Ocean Engineering; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 1999.Includes bibliographical references (p. 180-184).
During July and August of 1996, a large acoustics/physical oceanography experiment was fielded in the Mid-Atlantic Bight, south of Nantucket Island, MA. Known as the Shelfbreak Front PRIMER Experiment, the study combined acoustic data from a moored array of sources and receivers with very high resolution physical oceanographic measurements. This thesis addresses two of the primary goals of the experiment, explaining the properties of acoustic propagation in the region, and tomographic inversion of the acoustic data. In addition, this thesis develops a new method for predicting acoustic coherence in such regions. Receptions from two 400 Hz tomography sources, transmitting from the continental slope onto the shelf, are analyzed. This data, along with forward propagation modeling utilizing SeaSoar thermohaline measurements, reveal that both the shelfbreak front and tidally-generated soliton packets produce stronger coupling between the acoustic waveguide modes than expected. Arrival time wander and signal spread show variability attributable to the presence of a shelf water meander, changes in frontal configuration, and variability in the soliton field. The highly-coupled nature of the acoustic mode propagation prevents detailed tomographic inversion. Instead, methods based on only the wander of the mode arrivals are used to estimate path-averaged temperatures and internal tide "strength". The modal phase structure function is introduced as a useful proxy for acoustic coherence, and is related via an integral transform to the environmental sound speed correlation function. Advantages of the method are its flexibility and division of the problem into independent contributions, such as from the water column and seabed.
by Brian J. Sperry.
Ph.D.
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Heithoff, Abigail. "N₂ fixation by subsurface populations of Trichodesmium : an important source of new nitrogen to the North Atlantic Ocean." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62790.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Biology; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2011.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "February 2011."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 44-48).
Trichodesmium, a genus of diazotrophic cyanobacteria, is an important contributor to the marine nitrogen (N) and carbon (C) cycles. The extent to which Trichodesmium dinitrogen (N2) fixation contributes to the marine N cycle has been modeled based on abundance data and rate estimates from surface populations. However, recent data show that Trichodesmium populations have a broad vertical distribution. The presence of previously unaccounted for subsurface populations suggests that past estimates of the contribution of new N by Trichodesmium to the North Atlantic may be artificially low. Herein, culture and field studies were combined to examine trends in N2 fixation in discrete surface and subsurface Trichodesmium populations in the western North Atlantic. Surface populations were dominated by the raft colony morphology of Trichodesmium and surface N2 fixation rates ranged from (33 to 156 μmol h-1 mol C-1). Subsurface populations were dominated by the puff colony morphology. Subsurface N2 fixation was typically detectable, but consistently lower than surface population rates (9 to 88 μmol h-1 mol C-1). In an analysis of the entire field dataset, N2 fixation rates varied non-linearly as a function of in situ irradiance. This trend in N2 fixation versus in situ irradiance is consistent with field and culture observations in the literature (Bell et al., 2005; Capone et al., 2005), however other models that predict N2 fixation based on light predict higher subsurface N2 fixation than what was detected in this study. In culture, N2 fixation in Trichodesmium was proportional to light level over the range of irradiances tested (10 to 70 μmol quanta m-2 s-1) and over long and short time scales, suggesting subtle changes in the light field could depress subsurface N2 fixation. Since the subsurface samples were dominated by the puff colony morphology, it is unclear if the subsurface N2 fixation rates are the result of the in
by Abigail Heithoff.
S.M.
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Leite, Yuri L. R. "Evolution and systematics of the Atlantic tree rats, genus Phyllomys (Rodentia, Echimyidae), with description of two new species /." Berkeley, Calif. [u.a.] : Univ. of California Press, 2003. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/bios/ucal051/2004297025.html.
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Morgan, Peter. "The sediment sources of Atlantic shore beaches between Montauk Point and Democrat Point, Long Island, New York, USA." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1990. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/the-sediment-sources-of-atlantic-shore-beaches-between-montauk-point-and-democrat-point-long-island-new-york-usa(12dd78fc-93ec-4722-9f0f-ab3dfd455221).html.
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Speculation has arisen regarding the possibility of an additional offshore sediment source on the Atlantic inner shelf south of Long Island, New York, as a result of deficits in recent south shore budgetary estimates. In view of the importance of Long Island's inner shelf as a possible sediment source for other conflicting commercial uses in the future, the present study attempts to compare the known source at Montauk Point with sediments from buried palaeodrainage channels and nearby offshore and to examine the degree to which they may be linked to south shore beaches. Samples from each of these three environments were subjected to S.E.M. analysis using a checklist approach. Qualitative results comparing individual quartz grain surface feature variability with transport distance west of Montauk Point divided the south shore into three sections largely on the basis of mechanically derived and source textures: the distinctive glacial deposits formed in Ronkonkoma moraine at Montauk Point; Headlands section beaches, and Fire Island beaches. Surface feature variability plots and between sample variability plots revealed a more complex pattern of surface feature development than may be expected from what appears to be generally a single alongshore-trending wave dominated regime, which suggests an additional control such as an offshore source. Canonical variate analysis, as well as cluster and factor analyses confirmed qualitative findings and tentatively link offshore lobe deposits with onshore Fire island beaches, and distinguish them from Headlands beaches and Montauk Point. Strong supporting and complementary links between qualitative results, photographic evidence and subsequent statistical analysis suggest that the technique employed is a useful and valid sedimentological tool.
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Garcia, Octavio. "African Slavery and the Impact of the Haitian Revolution in Bourbon New Spain: Empire-Building in the Atlantic Age of Revolution, 1750-1808." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/565893.
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This dissertation examines the ways that slaves and free blacks participated in and shaped the Bourbon Reforms in New Spain (Mexico and Central America) during the period of 1750-1808. By framing the Bourbon Reforms in this part of the Americas through an Atlantic World perspective, centered on the importance of slavery to European empire-building efforts in the eighteenth century, this dissertation argues that the politics of difference was vital to these imperial ambitions even in places where the slave population was relatively small. In the context of the slave and free black populations, the Spanish Empire determined its politics of difference on prejudices against blacks informed by skin color. Slaves and free blacks, nonetheless, actively participated in Bourbon imperial projects through litigation, forcing negotiations by escaping slavery, giving service in the militias defending the frontiers, borderlands, and imperial cities, and forging important kinship ties that shaped their identities and social networks that they used to negotiate their position in the imperial order. I argue that a pivotal moment when racism exacerbated the relationships of slaves and free blacks with the Crown was the Haitian Revolution. Although racist attitudes were already present against blacks, the Haitian Revolution demonstrated that slaves could eradicate slavery and the colonial order associated. The impact of this revolution was profound and even affected regions of the Americas that had small slave populations.
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Whittaker, Thomas Edward. "High-Resolution Speleothem-Based Palaeoclimate Records From New Zealand Reveal Robust Teleconnection To North Atlantic During MIS 1-4." The University of Waikato, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10289/2575.
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Growth rates, δ18O and δ13C of five stalagmites from the west coasts of North and South Islands, New Zealand, provide records of millennial-scale climate variability over the last ~75 kyr. Thirty-five uranium-series ages were used to provide the chronology. δ18O of stalagmite calcite was influenced by changes in moisture source region, temperature and both δ18O and δ13C primarily display a negative relationship with rainfall. To assist interpretation of climatic signals δ18O profiles were adjusted for the ice-volume effect. Changes in these proxies reflect changes in the strength of the circumpolar westerly circulation and the frequency of southwesterly flow across New Zealand. MIS 4 was a period of wet and cool climate lasting from 67.7 to 61.3 kyr B.P., expressed in the stalagmites by an interval of strongly negative isotope ratios and increased growth rate. This contrasts with less negative δ18O and δ13C, and slow growth, interpreted as dry and cold climate, during much of MIS 2. This difference between MIS 2 and MIS 4 provides an explanation for why glacial moraines in the Southern Alps of MIS 4 age lie beyond those deposited during the last glacial maximum (MIS 2). Heinrich events, with the exception of H0 (the Younger Dryas), are interpreted from high-resolution South Island stalagmite HW05-3, from Hollywood Cave, West Coast, as times of wetter and cooler climate. Minima in δ18O and δ13C (wet periods) occurred at 67.7-61.0, 56-55, 50.5-47.5, 40-39, 30.5-29, 25.5-24.3 and 16.1-15. kyr B.P. matching Heinrich events H6-H1 (including H5a) respectively. This demonstrates a robust teleconnection between events in the North Atlantic and New Zealand climate. Minima in δ18O also occurred at similar times in less well-dated North Island stalagmite RK05-3 from Ruakuri Cave, Waitomo. Speleothems from low-latitudes have revealed that Heinrich events forced southerly displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone. This caused steepening of the temperature gradient across mid-southern latitudes, increased westerly circulation and resulted in wet conditions on the west coast of both islands. Immediately following H1 in the HW05-3 stable isotope profiles is another excursion to more negative isotopic values, suggesting wet and cold climate, lasting from 14.6 to 13.0 kyr B.P. Such a climate on the West Coast at this time has been previously suggested from glacier advance (e.g. Waiho Loop moraine) and decreased abundance of tall trees on the landscape. This event occurred too early to be a response to H0, but is synchronous with a return to cool climate in Antarctica. Thus West Coast climate appears to have been sensitive to changes in Antarctica as well as the North Atlantic. Isotopic minima (wet and cool climate) in South Island stalagmite GT05-5, which formed during the Holocene, first occurred 4.6 kyr B.P. This began a series of four oscillations in isotope ratios, the last terminating when the stalagmite was collected (2006). Onset of these oscillations is associated with initiation of ice advance in the Southern Alps, and beginning of the Neoglacial. The last oscillation displays enriched isotope ratios lasting from 1.2 to 0.8 kyr B.P. succeeded by depleted ratios lasting until 0.15 kyr B.P., mirroring the Medieval Climate Optimum and Little Ice Age, respectively, of European palaeoclimate records.
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Parsons, Kristene Teal. "Age, Growth and Reproduction of Western North Atlantic Butterfly Rays (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae), with the Description of Two New Species." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1516639565.
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Batoid fishes are among the most threatened and least understood chondrichthyan species worldwide due to their large body size, conservative life-history characteristics, and predominantly coastal distributions where fishing and habitat degradation threaten the stability of populations. A lack of empirical life history data is widespread across batoid taxa — nearly half of all species are considered data deficient, thus hindering species assessments and the development of effective management strategies. Furthermore, many batoid taxa are in need of taxonomic re-examination. Increasing our understanding of life history traits that determine population productivity, such as age and size at maturity, growth rate, and fecundity is prerequisite to examining the potential for populations to increase or stabilize in response to fishing mortality.
The Butterfly Rays (Myliobatiformes: Gymnuridae) are comprised of 10 globally distributed species that inhabit shallow coastal regions and are commonly caught in benthic fishing gears targeting commercially valuable species. Two species are recognized in the western Atlantic: the Spiny Butterfly ray, Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus 1758), and the Smooth Butterfly Ray, G. micrura (Bloch & Schneider 1801). Previous life history studies on U.S. Butterfly Rays were often spatially and temporally limited, which may bias conclusions due to underrepresentation of some life stages, and lead to inaccurate biological characterizations. Furthermore, sexual dimorphism and ontogenetic variability in body shape, and inter- and intraspecific inconsistencies in taxonomic characters (e.g., disk coloration, tail banding patterns) have contributed to substantial taxonomic confusion in the Gymnuridae.
To address knowledge gaps in the life history and taxonomy of western Atlantic Butterfly Rays, this dissertation describes the age and growth of G. altavela, the reproductive biology of G. altavela and G. micrura, and the taxonomic status of G. micrura. The largest male and female G. altavela were estimated to be 11 and 18 yrs old, respectively. Disk width at maturity was 1278 mm and 946 mm for male and female G. altavela, respectively, and was significantly greater in Atlantic G. micrura (male: 390 mm; female: 551 mm) than Gulf of Mexico G. micrura (male: 298 mm; female: 448 mm). Maximum fecundity was seven in G. altavela, and ranged from six to 12 in G. micrura from the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, respectively. Based on geographical variation in life history parameters, morphology, and genetics, a re-description and proposed neotype for G. micrura is presented, and two new species and holotypes are described from the Atlantic (Gymnura n. sp. A) and Gulf of Mexico (Gymnura n. sp. B). In U.S. waters, Gymnura n. sp. A may be more vulnerable than Gymnura n. sp. B to indirect fishing mortality due to its larger size, potential later age at sexual maturity, and lower fecundity, since the probability of an individual encountering fishing gear before successfully reproducing is likely greater. This disseratation provides empirical support for the conservation and sustainable management of Atlantic Butterfly Rays. Careful consideration of species-specific taxonomy and biology is required to accurately assess the vulnerability of contemporary populations to extinction risk, and to document and maintain the true biodiversity of this taxon.
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Embry, Margaret. "Designing Community: The Application of New Urban Principles to Create Authentic Communities." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003254.
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Wilbur, Nathan. "Characterizing thermal refugia for brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in the Cains River, New Brunswick, Canada." Thesis, Fredericton: University of New Brunswick, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1882/35663.
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Anthropogenic influences and climate change are warming rivers in New Brunswick and threatening the cold water habitats of native salmonids. When ambient river
temperatures in summer exceed the tolerance level of Atlantic salmon and brook trout,
individuals behaviourally thermoregulate by seeking out cold water refugia. These
critical thermal habitats are often created by tributaries and concentrated groundwater
discharge. Thermal infrared imagery was used to map cold water anomalies along a 53 km reach of the Cains River on 23 July 2008. Although efficient and useful for mapping surface temperature of a continuous stream reach, the fish did not use all identified thermal anomalies as refugia. Overall, 100 % of observed large brook trout >35 cm in length were found in 30 % of the TIR-mapped cold water anomalies. Ninety eight percent of observed small brook trout 8 – 30 cm in length were found in 80 % of the mapped cold water anomalies and their densities within anomalies were significantly higher than densities outside of anomalies. Fifty nine percent of observed salmon parr were found in 65 % of the mapped anomalies; however, they were dispersed within study sites and their densities were not significantly different within anomalies compared to outside of the anomalies. No brook trout were observed at the seven noncold water study sites that were investigated. Preference curves for various habitat variables including velocity, temperature, depth, substrate, and deep water availability near cold water anomalies were developed based on field investigations during high temperature events (ambient river temperature >21 oC). Combined with thermal imagery, managers can use the physical descriptions of thermal refugia developed here as a tool to help conserve and restore critical thermal refugia for Atlantic salmon and brook trout on the Cains River, and potentially similar river systems.
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Anonyuo, Felicia Chigozie. "Agency and Transnationalism: Social Organization among African Immigrants in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07282006-205822/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Kathryn A. Kozaitis, committee chair; Emanuela Guano, Cassandra White, committee members. Electronic text (207 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 15, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-203).
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Stokesbury, Michael J. W. "Relative abundance of farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. 1758, juveniles in wild samples from three southwestern New Brunswick rivers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0026/MQ52002.pdf.
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ARAÚJO, Juliana Ramos de Lira. "Taxonomia de Jaspis Gray, 1867 (Porifera, Demonspogiae, Astrophorida) do litoral brasileiro." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2015. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/16172.
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O gênero Jaspis, com 32 espécies válidas, é o segundo maior da Família Ancorinidae (Ordem Astrophorida). Atualmente seis espécies de Jaspis estão citadas para o Oceano Atlântico: J. eudermis, J. griseus, J. incrustans, J. johnstonii, J. salvadori e J. velezi. As duas espécies registradas para o Brasil, J. johnstonii e J. salvadori, foram encontradas, respectivamente, nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Espírito Santo. É provável que esta parca biodiversidade para o Brasil esteja diretamente relacionada com os escassos inventários espongiofaunísticos e trabalhos com as esponjas já depositadas nas coleções científicas brasileiras. Desta forma, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo identificar todos os espécimes de Jaspis coligidos no litoral brasileiro e depositados em coleções científicas nacionais e redescrever as espécies de Jaspis já conhecidas para o litoral brasileiro. O material estudado estava depositado em cinco coleções: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Museu Nacional – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ) e Museu de Ciências Naturais – Fundação Zoobotânica (MCN-FZB/RS). Além do empréstimo do holótipo de Jaspis salvadori (Muséum National d’Historie Naturelle, Paris) e do síntipo de Jaspis johnstonii (Universalmuseum Joanneum, Zoology Center of Natural History, Áustria). As duas espécies registradas para a costa brasileira apresentaram incongruências de seus conjuntos espiculares com o que é conhecido para o gênero e desta forma, tiveram seus registros invalidados. Propusemos a sinonimização de Melophlus (sinonímia júnior) com Jaspis (sinonímia sênior) baseada no compartilhamento de características do conjunto espicular e do esqueleto. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho apresenta cinco novas espécies de Jaspis para o litoral brasileiro, totalizando 39 para o mundo.
The genus Jaspis, with 32 valid species, is the second largest of the Family Ancorinidae (Order Astrophorida). Six Jaspis species are currently mentioned to the Atlantic Ocean: J. eudermis, J. griseus, J. incrustans, J. johnstonii, J. salvadori and J. velezi. The two species recorded in Brazil, J. johnstonii and J. salvadori have been found, respectively, in the states of Rio Grande do Sul and Espirito Santo. It is likely that this small biodiversity in Brazil is directly related to scass sponges inventories and studies with sponges already deposited in the brazilian scientific collections. Thus, this study has had as its objective to identify all Jaspis species collected in the Brazilian coast and deposited in national scientific collections and, redescribe Jaspis species from the Brazilian coast, which are already known. Five collections have been selected: Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA), Museu Nacional – Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ) e Museu de Ciências Naturais – Fundação Zoobotânica (MCN-FZB/RS), as well as loans of both J. salvadori holotype (Muséum National d’Historie Naturelle, Paris) and J. johnstonii syntype (Universalmuseum Joanneum, Zoology Center of Natural History, Austria). Both species recorded for the brazilian coast have shown incongruence of the spicular set and skeleton to what is known of the genus and thus, had their records invalidated. We proposed the synonymization of Melophlus (junior synonym) with Jaspis (senior synonym) based on the sharing of characteristics of the spicular set and skeleton. Thus, this study introduces five new species for the Brazilian coast and thirty-nine for the world.
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Harriss, Karen Elizabeth. "A design approach for Atlanta's urban core : the new urbanism between Farlie-Poplar and the Olympic Park." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23935.
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Greenwald, Erin Michelle. "Company Towns and Tropical Baptisms: From Lorient to Louisiana on a French Atlantic Circuit." The Ohio State University, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1306442070.
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Pickers, Penelope. "New applications of continuous atmospheric O2 measurements : meridional transects across the Atlantic Ocean, and improved quantification of fossil fuel-derived CO2." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2016. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/61979/.
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High precision, continuous measurements of atmospheric O2 and CO2 are a valuable tool for gaining insight into carbon cycle processes, and for separating land biospheric, oceanic and fossil fuel fluxes of CO2. This thesis presents a new atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurement system that has been deployed on board a commercial container ship, travelling continuously between Germany (~55°N) and Argentina (~35°S). These data are the first ongoing atmospheric O2 measurements across the Atlantic Ocean, closing a gap in the global atmospheric O2 network. The Atlantic meridional transects of atmospheric O2 and CO2 display latitudinally‐varying seasonality. The annual mean latitudinal gradient in APO (Atmospheric Potential Oxygen; a tracer derived from O2 and CO2 measurements) does not show a pronounced bulge at the equator, in contrast to observations across the Pacific Ocean. Atmospheric O2 and CO2 measurements from Norfolk, UK are used to demonstrate a novel method for quantifying fossil fuel derived CO2 (ffCO2), using APO data. This APO ffCO2 quantification method is more precise than the frequently‐used CO tracer method, owing to a smaller range of APO:CO2 fossil fuel emission ratios compared to the CO:CO2 range. A sensitivity analysis of the fossil fuel emission ratios also indicates that the APO method is very likely more accurate than the CO method, and can therefore be used independently of 14CO2 measurements (unlike the CO method), which are costly and highly unreliable in many UK regions, owing to nuclear power plant influences. These new applications of atmospheric O2 measurements have significant future potential. The shipboard data can be used to test and improve global climate model estimates of meridional oceanic heat and carbon transport in the Atlantic. Using APO to quantify ffCO2 has significant policy relevance, with the potential to provide more accurate and more precise top‐down verification of fossil fuel emissions.
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Thompson, Shirley J. "Towards a new aesthetic in contemporary instrumental ensemble, vocal and chamber opera composition." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/13862.
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This submission for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy focuses on works for large instrumental ensemble in conjunction with the voice. Instrumental ensemble and vocal mediums such as the orchestral art song, the song cycle and the opera in one act, provide platforms to explore the expressiveness of the lyrical dramatic voice and the dialectic tension between composing for the solo voice with a range of instrumental ensemble forces. The portfolio of compositions includes the orchestral song, The Woman Who Refused to Dance; the orchestral song trilogy, Spirit Songs; and the opera in one act, Queen Nanny of the Maroons. Issues of composition technique, vocal expression and operatic narrative are examined and in addition the three named works explore notions of post-colonial heroic representation of subjects that might not usually attract ideological recognition in Western European art music contexts. Methods for developing inclusive, post-modern musical language for the mixed instrumental and vocal ensemble are explored; including the employment of spoken word expression and the integration of popular music idioms within contemporary Western European art music contexts. In the writing of lyrics for the songs and libretto for the opera, increased responsibility is assumed in the completion of vocal works in addition to musical consideration to find the effects on the works when the roles of composer and writer are combined. With the opera in one act for solo voice, forming the major contribution to the portfolio, critical components that lead to effective music drama are assessed.
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Swan, Adrian Kenneth. "“Out with the old and in with the new” - A retrospective review of paediatric craniocervical junction fixation: indications, techniques and outcomes." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/30853.
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Background: The paediatric craniocervical junction has anatomical, physiological and biomechanical properties that make this region unique to that of the adult spine, vulnerable to injury, and contribute to the complexity of management. Traditionally, on-lay fusion with external Halo immobilisation has been used. Instrumented fusion offers intra-operative reduction and immediate stability. Methods: A retrospective review of a single surgeon’s prospectively maintained database was conducted for all cases of paediatric patients that had undergone a fusion involving the occipito-atlanto-axial region. Case notes were reviewed and a radiological analysis was done. Results: Sixteen patients were managed with on-lay fusion and external immobilisation and twentyseven patients were managed with internal fixation using screw-rod constructs. The fusion rates were 80% and 90.5% respectively. Allograft bone grafting was found to be a significant risk factor for non-union. Conclusion: The screws can be safely and predictably placed as confirmed on radiological follow-up with a high fusion rate and an acceptable complication rate. Uninstrumented onlay fusion with Halo immobilization remains an acceptable alternative. Allograft in the form of bone croutons or demineralised bone matrix is a significant risk factor for non-union and posterior iliac crest graft should be used preferentially.
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Hakola, Kendra K. "EXILED: LOYALIST IDENTITY IN REVOLUTIONARY-ERA ST. JOHN." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1323827050.
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St-Hilaire, Sophie. "Epidemiology of infectious hematopoietic necrosis disease in net-pen reared Atlantic salmon in British Columbia, Canada." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ56294.pdf.
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Blaydes, Meredith Leigh. "Analyzing the frequency and severity of recreational boating accidents in Atlantic coast inlets of the United States from New York to Florida." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 15.19 Mb., 257 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1432420.
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Thesis (M.M.P.)--University of Delaware, 2006.Principal faculty advisors: Jeremy Firestone, Dept. of Marine and Earth Studies and Biliana Cicin-Sain, Dept. of Marine and Earth Studies. Includes bibliographical references.
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Banford, Heidi M. "Amorphometric and Meristic Study of the Halfbeak, Hyporhamphus unifasciatus (Teleostei: Hemiramphidae) from the Western Atlantic, with the Description of a New Species." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539617658.
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Owens, David Robert. "Behavior of and Crop Injury Induced by Native and Exotic Stink Bugs in Mid-Atlantic Soybean." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32093.
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Cage studies were performed to determine if the current thresholds for stink bugs in soybean (one bug per 0.3 row m) need to be adjusted based on current soybean production practices and species present. Several soybean development stages were infested by two native stink bug species for three weeks using small cages in a field of double crop soybean at sites in Virginia, Maryland, and Delaware during 2007-2009. Large field cages were infested by an introduced species for two weeks in 2010-2011. Results showed that Euschistus servus Say and Acrosternum hilare Say adults or nymphs did not cause different levels of injury to soybean seed quality or effects on yield. Both A. hilare and the introduced Halyomorpha halys Stål injured soybean seed in a similar fashion at threshold-level densities. Full flowering R2 stage soybean were least affected by stink bug feeding, and full pod and beginning seed R4-R5 stage soybean were slightly more sensitive to injury than R6 although not at the Maryland 2011 site. Several sites had increased seed injury and decreased yield at threshold density populations.
Finally, visual observations of stink bug vertical distribution inside soybean canopies were taken several times per day and compared with ambient and within-canopy temperature and relative humidity. Results indicated that these conditions did not influence the percentage of stink bugs below the top 38 cm sweep net intercept zone. In both years of observations, between 15 and 20% of stink bugs were observed below the 38 cm sweep net zone.Master of Science in Life Sciences