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Relevant bibliographies by topics / New Austrian tunneling method

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Academic literature on the topic 'New Austrian tunneling method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "New Austrian tunneling method"

1

Kamal, Heba, and . "Performance of New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) in Weak Rock Case Study." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.20 (2018): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.20.25847.

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The decline in the over ground utilizable space and increment in development of metro structures, cut and cover structures are winding up fairly difficult to conceptualize and build. In this examination, a nonlinear two dimensional limited component investigation was completed to show the New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) burrow developed in frail shake utilizing the business limited component with joint programming PHASE 2.The validity of the numerical modeling procedure performed by the author was checked by making back-analysis for an actual case study of Strengen Tunnel which is one of the biggest expressways in western Austria. A comprehensive parametric study was performed on a hypothetical circle tunnel. Two dimensional numerical simulations with the finite element with joint software PHASE 2 have been performed to ground behaviour with the results of the numerical analysis are presented and discussed for recommendations for future work. In general the tangential stress at side wall and crown obtained from finite element with joints are nearly equal or higher than the closed form solution and equivalent continuum.

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Launay, Jean. "Safety Aspects of Flexible New Austrian Tunneling Method Versus Stiff Shotcrete Linings." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1814, no. 1 (2002): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1814-13.

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Rehman, Hafeezur, Abdul Muntaqim Naji, Wahid Ali, Muhammad Junaid, Rini Asnida Abdullah, and Han-kyu Yoo. "Numerical evaluation of new Austrian tunneling method excavation sequences: A case study." International Journal of Mining Science and Technology 30, no. 3 (2020): 381–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmst.2020.03.009.

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Shang, Yanjun, Kun Li, Wantong He, and Chunbo Sheng. "From the new Austrian tunneling method to the geoengineering condition evaluation and dynamic controlling method." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 6, no. 4 (2014): 366–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2014.02.001.

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Hosseinian, Seyedmohammadhossein, and Kenneth F. Reinschmidt. "Finding Best Model to Forecast Construction Duration of Road Tunnels with New Austrian Tunneling Method Using Bayesian Inference." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2522, no. 1 (2015): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2522-11.

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Forecasting project final duration (i.e., time at completion) is crucial to project risk management and is always sought by project managers during the construction period. Because of a strong correlation between past and future performances in linear projects, past progress data are the best source of information to forecast final duration of this type of project, including tunneling projects constructed by the new Austrian tunneling method (NATM). Bayesian inference is a robust probabilistic approach that can provide accurate forecasts of final duration based on a project's past performance. However, results of research in this field have shown that selecting an appropriate model, which represents the unknown pattern of the project's actual progress well, is the most challenging and subjective part of this approach. Effective risk management necessitates looking for the best model that can forecast project final duration accurately and precisely, especially early in the project. This research was aimed at finding a best progress model for NATM tunneling projects by conducting Bayesian analysis on available data of a massive project, the Niayesh highway tunnel in Iran. The analysis showed that the dual Gompertz function (with flexible lower asymptote) was the most reliable model for this purpose. The results of this research bring advantages to the planning and risk management of NATM tunneling projects, which are discussed in this paper, and can be very useful for future NATM tunnel constructions.

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Chougule, Abhishek Sagar. "New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) in Urban Metro Projects." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 5 (2021): 1575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.34608.

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Goyal, Vibhuti. "To Analyze Different Excavation Pattern in NATM Construction." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. VII (2021): 3919–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37106.

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Underground construction is preferable due to lack of space availability on surface in urban areas, so the underground construction is increasing throughout the world for various reasons. Tunneling in urban area is a unique challenge, these challenge can be addressed with suitable tunnel design. New Austrian Tunneling Method (NATM) has become the method of choice for tunneling in urban areas to construct underground structure such as metro station, rail crossovers, multi-track metro lines. The aim of this report is to analyze different excavation pattern such as heading, benching and invert in NATM construction in varying geological conditions by using RS2 software for determining stresses across the tunnel surrounding and to give a best suitable excavation pattern for construction of tunnel.

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Liu, Yang, and Jie Hu. "Analysis of Displacement Monitoring Measurement in Tunnel Construction." Advanced Materials Research 658 (January 2013): 635–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.658.635.

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Based on measured data of Wuxinzhai tunnel in expressway of Shanyin to Pinglu, mathematical methods were used to make regressing analysis of measured date on crown settlement and periphery convergence. According to the time-effect of soil mass excavation in New Austrian Tunneling Method, the relations between rock deformation and time during the tunnel construction was analyzed. The results of analysis could provide an theoretical basis for modifying design and construction , and also could offer an example for similar projects in this area.

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Shen, Jun Min, Zhong Ming Su, and Xiao Hui Xue. "Optimization of Excavation Method in Portal Section of Neighborhood Tunnel Based on the Monitoring Results." Advanced Materials Research 645 (January 2013): 515–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.645.515.

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Based on the excavation of portal section in Linwu neighborhood tunnel, items of the blasting vibration, vault settlement and level convergence are measured in the field construction. And according to the actual exposed surrounding rock, the finite element analytical model is established. The results of monitoring measurement and numerical analysis indicate that, under the circumstances of advance large pipe-shed roof support and varied surrounding rock, the original excavation method is not reasonable, still existing the optimization space. The construction of changed step method is feasible, which reflects the requirement of dynamic design and construction in New Austrian Tunneling Method.

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Aygar, Ebu Bekir. "Evaluation of new Austrian tunnelling method applied to Bolu tunnel's weak rocks." Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 12, no. 3 (2020): 541–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrmge.2019.12.011.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "New Austrian tunneling method"

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Bowers, Keith Henry. "An appraisal of the New Austrian Tunnelling Method in soil and weak rock." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.580652.

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Kaderka, Jan. "Návrh dálničního tunelu Polana." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-227839.

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The subject topic of this thesis is to establish a suitable technique of tunnel construction using New Austrian Tunnelling Method with the help of mathematical modeling. Based on the mathematical modelling output the dimensioning primary moulding model was executed.

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Dostál, Tomáš. "Návrh ražby a primárního ostění tunelu na stavbě vysokorychlostního železničního spojení." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-409747.

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As part of modernization of the Brno-Přerov railway line, is in the section between village Blažovice and town Vyškov desined tunnel composed of two monorail tubes about 640 meters length. Tubes are situated in neogenic clay with an overburden height of 11 meters. This master thesis deals with design suitable tunnel exavation, primary lining with static calculation and geotechnical monitoring.

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Martel, Espinoza Jhon Jersson, and Carrión Antonio Gabriel Samaniego. "Diseño de la sección transversal mediante el método NATM en la etapa 1A del proyecto de la Línea 2 del metro de Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652414.

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La tesis consiste en proponer un diseño de la sección transversal mediante el método NATM de la etapa 1A del proyecto de la Línea 2 del Metro de Lima. En el cual para comenzar este estudio en este mega proyecto que en la actualidad se sigue realizando se tuvo que investigar los distintos procesos de excavación que se iban a utilizar, entre ellas tenemos al nuevo método austriaco (NATM) y las máquinas tuneladoras (TBM), sin embargo, el último método de excavación de túnel aún no ha sido utilizado. Por un lado, se identificó parte de las obras preliminares para los frentes de trabajo del NATM, las cuales vienen a ser las construcciones de estaciones, piques, túnel de interceptación, entre otras que serán mencionadas y definidas en un capitulo líneas más abajo, es muy importante esta parte, pues mediante esta información podemos saber a dónde va dirigido nuestro objetivo principal, que consiste en proponer un diseño y revestimiento en futuras construcciones de túneles urbanos en Lima. Finalmente, para poder realizar un diseño de sostenimiento y revestimiento distinto al que ya se encuentra en proceso tuvimos que realizar distintas verificaciones, las cuales cumplieron con los requisitos de la norma del AISC 360-2011, E.060 y E.090 de Estructuras de Acero, dando así una nueva opción para el revestimiento y sostenimiento de futuras construcciones de túneles urbanos.<br>This thesis consists in the study of the NATM method of stage 1A of the project of Line 2 of the Lima Metro. In which to start this study in this mega project that is still being carried out, it was necessary to investigate the different excavation processes that were going to be used, among them we have the new Austrian method (NATM) and the tun-neling machines (TBM) However, the last tunnel excavation method has not yet been used. On the one hand, part of the preliminary works was identified for the work fronts of the NATM, which come to be the constructions of stations, shafts, interception tun-nel, among others that will be mentioned and defined in a chapter lines below, this part is very important, because through this information we can know where our main objec-tive is directed, which is to propose a design and coating in future urban tunnel con-structions in Lima. Finally, In order to carry out a different support and coating design to the one already in process, we had to carry out different verifications, which complied with the requirements of the AISC standard 360-2011 and E.090 of Steel Structures, thus giving a new option for the coating and maintenance of future urban tunnel constructions.<br>Tesis

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Bastl, Jiří. "Návrh ražby a primárního ostění Dřevnovického tunelu na stavbě vysokorychlostního železničního spojení Brno – Přerov." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392301.

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This master thesis deals with a design of a Drevnovice tunnel primary lining at planned high speed rail corridor connecting Brno and Přerov. The whole design as well as defining of the most suitable tunnel excavation method are described. Thesis also contains a breakdown of the excavation, construction technology and the scheduling of geotechnical monitoring procedures. The Plaxis 2D program, based on the finite element method, was used to create numerical models of two cross sections of the Dřevnovice tunnel. Based on mathematical modeling outputs, a static calculation of the primary lining was calculated.

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Závacký, Martin. "Tunel na trase rychlé železnice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-240102.

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The theme of this thesis is to create a conceptual study of the tunnel on high speed railway. Selection of suitable cross section and tunnelling method with considering of geological conditions of the site. Design of primary support and technological process of construction.

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Černý, Vít. "Optimalizace geotechnického průzkumu a monitoringu při navrhování a provádění podzemních staveb." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-234559.

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The presented thesis focuses primarily on issues of geotechnical survey and geotechnical monitoring for underground line constructions. It deals with the current practice of geotechnical survey and monitoring. Based on the knowledge gained from specific buildings in the Czech Republic (Královopolské tunnels, tram tunnel Žabovřeská) and based on the author's practical local and foreign experience submits suggestions regarding their mutual optimization in order to improve outputs and reduce financial costs.

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Nováková, Zuzana. "Podzemní garáže v Brně." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225514.

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The thesis focuses on the design of the underground garage in the centre of Brno under the Petrov hill. The main target of the thesis is to design spatial arrangement of the underground space and its feasibility study. In the following parts the design of the structural solution and its check calculation is carried out.

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Kobielusz, Petr. "Městský okruh Blanka, tunel Královská obora - ražená část, stavebně technologická příprava stavby." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-226100.

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My thesis is focused on process preparation and building construction technology of primary lining road tunnel, implemented in city part of Troja in the capital city Prague. Specifically it is a part of tunnel complex Blanka. The name of this part is Kralovská obora. If the all tunnel parts are built this tunnel complex Blanka can be complemented to already opened tunnels Zlíchovský, Mrázovka and Strahovský which are the part of city traffic circle. This technology preparation includes schedules and financial plans of the building, technological prescription for the primary tunnel lining, safety plan, control and trial/test plans, environmental plan, project of construction site, design of the main working machines, items budget of the north tunnel tube, coordination situation plan with wider relationships transport routes and technical report of building technological project.

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Kuo, Wen-Zen, and 郭文仁. "The Study on the Construction Performance Evaluation of Tunnel Project using the New Austrian Tunneling Method." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00040358215074374704.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>土木工程學系碩士在職專班<br>91<br>Taiwan tunnel projects form a bottle neck because of the geological variety encountered. Because of the specific know-how requirements and the difficulty, the construction quality and cost control need to be given more attention. The contractor, supervisor and owner, who comprise the three-tier quality control system, have individual check-lists to evaluate the progress and quality of the project. However, there is no complete, simple and unified check-list for them to use. The focus of this study is to establish the unified achievement indices and check-lists in the construction technology and the quality control in tunnel project using the New Austrian Tunneling Method. It is hoped that the key performance evaluation factors of tunnel project using the New Austrian Tunneling Method can be found based on the previous papers and the check key, the construction process and the quality management of the existing public construction. This helps in establishing unified construction performance evaluation indices and evaluation check-lists for the members of the three-tier quality control system. The weight of those indices can be estimated using questionnaires and an Analytic Hierarchy Process are employed. These unified indices and check-lists can substantially improve construction quality and help in meeting deadlines of public construction projects.

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Books on the topic "New Austrian tunneling method"

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Austrian and new classical business cycle theories: A comparative study through the method of rational reconstruction. E. Elgar, 1993.

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Gabriele, Knödler, ed. New Austrian Tunneling Method. IRB Verlag, 1989.

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International Association of Civil Engineering Students. Bureau of Vienna., ed. NATM, new Austrian tunnelling method: Summercourse July 2-July 8, 1995. IACES, Bureau of Vienna, University of Technology, Vienna, 1995.

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executive, Health and safety. Safety of New Austrian Tunnelling Method. Health and Safety Executive (HSE), 1996.

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Thompson, J. F. K. A Practical Guide to the New Austrian Tunnelling Method. Thomas Telford Ltd, 1996.

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Great Britain. Health and Safety Executive., ed. Safety of New Austrian Tunnelling Method (NATM) tunnels: A review of sprayed concrete lined tunnels with particular reference to London clay. HSE Books, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "New Austrian tunneling method"

1

Jin, Junwei, Jingyuan Zhan, Weikang Song, and Mingyu Li. "Simplified Method for Calculating the Settlement of Existing Tunnel Induced by New Tunneling Based on Two Step Method." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Tunnelling and Underground Construction. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0017-2_9.

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"new Austrian tunneling method (US)." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_140465.

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"New Austrian Tunneling Method and Norwegian Method of Tunneling." In Practical Tunnel Construction. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118350270.ch13.

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"New Austrian Tunnelling Method." In Tunnelling Contracts and Site Investigation. CRC Press, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781482271416-31.

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Kanda, Hiroshi, Toshihiko Komatsu, Toshio Nakamura, and Masaji Takada. "New waterproof structure for New Austrian Tunneling Method." In Underground Space Use. Analysis of the Past and Lessons for the Future. Taylor & Francis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415374521.ch83.

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Moroy, K., Y. Eyigun, and A. Saglamer. "Modified New Austrian Tunneling Method in clay soils." In Underground Space Use. Analysis of the Past and Lessons for the Future. Taylor & Francis, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/noe0415374521.ch141.

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Desai, S. K., and Rajiv Badal. "New Austrian Tunnelling Method (Natm) Tunnelling in Basochhu Hydroelectric Project, Bhutan." In Tunnelling Asia’2000. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003078739-59.

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Iwasaki, T., K. Takekuni, T. Otsu, and M. Yamada. "Establishment of ventilation design method for New Tomei-Meishin Expressway Tunnels." In Modern Tunneling Science and Technology. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203746653-105.

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Suzuki, Ikuo, Hiromichi Shiroma, Tetsuo Ito, and Shinobu Kaise. "Study on tunnel design and construction method for New Tomei-Meishin Expressway." In Modern Tunneling Science and Technology. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203746653-93.

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Masuda, T., A. Watanabe, and T. Nagao. "New method of underground structures using multi elements for non-open cut constructions." In Modern Tunneling Science and Technology. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003077534-40.

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Conference papers on the topic "New Austrian tunneling method"

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Xu, Wei, Bo Liu, Chunqing Fu, Yanhui Han, and Xin Ren. "Risk Management for Beijing Subway Tunnel Construction Using the New Austrian Tunneling Method: A Case Study." In International Conference on Transportation and Development 2019. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784482575.040.

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Wu, Shifa. "Photon tunneling scanning image separating method." In 17th Congress of the International Commission for Optics: Optics for Science and New Technology. SPIE, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2298931.

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Noma, T., M. Hada, T. Tsuchiya, and S. Nakayama. "New Rock-Fracturing Excavation Method for Hard Rock Tunneling by FON Drill and FASE Method." In 13th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction. International Association for Automation and Robotics in Construction (IAARC), 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.22260/isarc1996/0099.

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Kim, Young-Sik. "2-Dimension PZT Cantilever Array with New Piezoelectric Readback Method for Low Power and High Speed Nano-Data-Storage Application." In SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY/SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED TECHNIQUES: 12th International Conference STM'03. AIP, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1639701.

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Kott, Gregory J., and Gary A. Gabriele. "A Tunneling Based Method for Mixed-Discrete Constrained Nonlinear Optimization." In ASME 1998 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc98/dac-5592.

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Abstract This paper describes the development of a new method to solve mixed-discrete optimization problems. The method is a two phase approach similar to Tunnel Methods developed for global optimization of continuous problems. It uses a SQP optimization solver in the first phase and an efficient rounding procedure to find discrete solutions in the second phase. All components utilized in this heuristic method are implemented with an emphasis on efficiency. The method was implemented in MATLAB and the solutions of three classical design problems are given. The results show the new method is very robust in finding high quality solutions which are consistently as good or better than past published results.

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Bacher, Reinhard, and Gerhard Ruthammer. "Environmental Control Technologies in Drilling and Production Operations Within Austrian Oilfields." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/ee-29122.

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It has to be the vision of an international oil and gas exploration and production company to explore for and produce oil and gas in the most economically efficient, social responsible and environmentally acceptable way. Based on this aim and due to the fact that Austria is a country with a environmental awareness and a high tourism level, OMV as the leading domestic oil and gas company had to elaborate strategies for the benefit of the company, its employees and shareholders, but also for the benefit of local communities maintaining the image of a healthy, clean and relaxing environment. The paper describes the different ways of implementing environmentally relevant technique and strategies beginning with exploration process and ending with the monitoring of oilfield wastes. Case histories demonstrate the concept of converting onshore drilling projects into action in environmentally sensitive regions using the idea of “ecological compensation”. Further a new technology of water treatment based on “microbiological clarification” is shown. With the new water treatment technology a valuable contribution to the protection of environment could be shared by OMV, because this method works without any application of biocides. Finally, innovative methods of calculating the risk potential of oilfield deposits using micro-geophysical surveys are illustrated. This measuring practice takes care of the electric resistivity contrast between oilfield deposits to its surrounding, so that any leakage can be observed immediately due to the change of electric resistivity profile. Generally the paper has the goal to illustrate acceptable ways to meet the environmental sensitivities of communities and authorities.

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Zeng, Taofang. "Multi-Layer Thermionic-Tunneling Structures for Power Generation." In ASME 2005 Pacific Rim Technical Conference and Exhibition on Integration and Packaging of MEMS, NEMS, and Electronic Systems collocated with the ASME 2005 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2005-73448.

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A new method for power generation based on nano-engineered interface design with partially filled gap is proposed. The device combines electron thermionic emission and tunneling to enhance electron transport. Thermal radiation and tunneling contribute to heat transfer in the device, which can be minimized using selected materials. The largely reduced heat transfer coupled with use of multi-layer structures enable a substantial temperature difference between heat source and heat sink or two electrodes, thereby maximizing heat source utilization. Detailed analyses are provided for the solid device operating either as a power generator or as a cooler.

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Urschitz, Georg, Jens Brier, Heimo Walter, Roland Mertz, Friedrich Bleicher, and Markus Haider. "New Design of a Bimetallic Finned Tube for the Use in Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Units." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49143.

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The use of finned tubes as enhancement method to increase the heat flow rate into a phase change material, which has in many cases a low thermal conductivity, is a common method. A highly efficient and easy-to-assemble solution for finned heat exchanger tubes is a key component for innovative thermal energy storage systems which play a key-role in electricity production and industrial heat management. In the present article the results of the investigation for different designs of bimetallic heat exchanger tubes is presented. These tube designs are developed for the use in latent heat thermal energy storage systems (LHTES) at a medium temperature range. For the use in latent heat thermal energy storage systems, the probably high pressure of the heat transfer medium and the high temperature differences between the operating temperature and the ambient temperature are challenging. Therefore, the bimetallic finned heat exchanger tube consists of a steel tube, where the heat transfer fluid flows, and an aluminum tube with longitudinal fins, which should improve the heat transfer to the phase change material. Due to different thermal expansion coefficients, displacements of the tubes are given. To guarantee a high heat transfer rate between the two connected tubes the contact between aluminum and steel plays an important role. In the present study 4 prototypes (including the new design) were designed, analyzed and compared on the connection strength. Long-term tests for simulating the application in a LHTES were done to determine the creep rupture properties of the compositions. All prototypes were tested successfully; the new design is convinced in many aspects of that challenge and is submitted to the Austrian patent office. Main advantages of the new design are the simple production and assembling compared to other analyzed prototypes. Furthermore, the new design shows the best results under the analyzed operation conditions and the layout of the geometry has a high optimization potential in terms of stresses.

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Enikov, Eniko T., and Mahdi Ganji. "Numerical Simulation and Stability Analysis of Thin Flexible Micro Film for Thermotunneling Application." In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-86980.

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Combined thermionic emission and tunneling of hot electrons (thermo-tunneling) has emerged as a potential new solidstate cooling technology. Practical implementation of thermo-tunneling, however, requires the formation of a nanometer-sized gap spanning macroscopically significant surfaces. Thermo-tunneling is a term used to describe combined emission of hot electrons (thermionic emission) and tunneling of electrons through a narrow potential barrier between two surfaces (field emission). Thermo-tunneling of hot electrons across a few-nanometer gap has application to vacuum electronics, flat panel displays, and holds great potential in thermo-electric cooling and energy generation. Development of new thermo-tunneling applications requires creation of a stable nanometer gap between two surfaces. This presentation is focused on our effort to investigate the stability of the the thin flexible structure under electrostatic and lorenz forces opposing each other. In this presentation, we report the result of numerical simulation with some mathematical simplifications. The mathematical model used for the numerical simulation is well studied in the literature. Using forth-order partial differential beam equation, we studied the steady state solutions of the thermo-tunneling beam model using Galerkin method. Essential output parameters of the model include a central contact area measured by its length (delta) and the thermo-tunneling current. Both parameters are determined as a function of the externally applied external potential and magnetic field. Numerical solutions of the model show two possible operating modes: (1) symmetric deformation with negligibly small current; and (2) asymmetric mode where the B-field controls the current and contact area. Under practical values for the externally applied magnetic and electric fields, it has been shown that the second mode is only possible for electrode with very low work functions, e.g. below 0.5 eV. Therefore, novel materials such as Diamond-like carbon films are likely to be essential in thermo-tunneling applications.

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Wu, Lin, Zhihua Zhang, Xiedong Zhang, and FaJin Lin. "The Vertical and Horizontal Displacements of Cross-river Twin-tunnels Surroundings Induced by Tunneling." In IABSE Conference, Kuala Lumpur 2018: Engineering the Developing World. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/kualalumpur.2018.0838.

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<p>Twin-tunnels are widely constructed in large cities because of their many advantages. The first tunnel (named tunnel_1) constructed before a period time than the second tunnel (named tunnel_2) which is to reduce the disturbance between twin-tunnels. In this paper, a three-dimensional scale model of twin-tunnels is established utilizing the discrete element method (DEM) with PFC3D, this model aims to investigate the difference of the vertical displacements and the horizontal displacements of the surroundings in construction process. The numerical results indicate that the peak vertical and horizontal displacements of the surroundings around tunnel_2 are larger than those around tunnel_1. The vertical and horizontal displacements of particles decrease with the distance from the out edge of the twin-tunnels shield lining increases. The existence and evolution of soil arching during tunneling process exert great influence on the stress state and deformation of twin-tunnels surroundings. The peak horizontal displacements are larger in the lateral points of twin-tunnels, while the peak vertical displacements are larger in the vault and bottom points, the tunnel excavation leads the particles around the twin-tunnels move to new location to achieve new equilibrium state. The peak vertical and horizontal displacements occur in own tunnel excavation process, whereas the adjacent tunnel construction affects the displacements as well. The excavation and existence of tunnel_1 have magnified effect on the vertical and horizontal displacements of tunnel_2.</p>

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