Academic literature on the topic 'New period literature'
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Journal articles on the topic "New period literature"
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Abubakirov, Javokhir. "Literature and Buddhism in the Kamakura period." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 5, no. 2 (2025): 45–48. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume05issue02-10.
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The Kamakura period (1185–1333) was a period of great change in the political, cultural, and social life of Japan, beginning with the establishment of the Kamakura shogunate by Minamoto no Yoritomo. During this period, the samurai rose to the top of political power, and with the development of the feudal system, literature is also visible.Instead of the aristocratic and elegant literature of the Heian period, the Kamakura market was dominated by military tales, historical chronicles, and Buddhist philosophical works. In general, all events and feelings in human life are the main topic of literature.In 1192, the great leader of the "eastern" (Kanto) samurai detachments - Minamoto Yoritomo, after a long struggle, declares himself sei-taishogun, that is, the "supreme military leader" of Japan, thus the true and hereditary becomes a ruler. becomes the true and hereditary ruler of the whole country. Nevertheless, the Heian kings retain their supreme authority, but in fact begin to play almost exclusively the role of the "high priests" of their people - the supreme ministers of Shintoism. The Heian monarchy was replaced by a "shogunate" - a military system of government.The new management system also had an impact on literature. Now new genres have started to appear in it. First, the circle of readers has completely changed. Literature based on a new life, new state forms and a new culture, literary works characteristic of samurai culture began to be created. The student began to belong to a different social environment with a unique worldview. The boundaries of this circle have also expanded significantly.They began to attract an unprecedented number of readers in Japan. Literature began to be read not only by new people, but also lost its previous, essentially more exotic character and acquired a "wide" readership. A new author, a new reader, a new environment revived the new literature. And the main reason for this was the day.
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Kadirova, Durdona Dilshadovna. "THE MAIN PECULIARITIES OF LITERATURE DURING VICTORIAN PERIOD." PEDAGOGS international research journal 5, no. 1 (2022): 414–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6363074.
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The given article pays a great attention on the highlighted elements of Victorian period and literature. Rise of education and public literacy, development of novel genre, serialization of works in prose and poetry, improvement of children’s literature, the existence of sensation and industrial novels, Social Realism, The New Woman Fiction were the most obvious features of the period. The appearance of The New Woman in novels caused women to understand their rights and they began to play an important role in the society. Male, as well as, female writers symbolized The New Woman in their works.
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Ning, Wang. "Confronting Western Influence: Rethinking Chinese Literature of the New Period." New Literary History 24, no. 4 (1993): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/469400.
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Ibragimova, Rano Isakovna. "TRANSLATION PROCESS IN LITERATURE DURING INDEPENDENCE PERIOD." GOLDEN BRAIN 2, no. 16 (2024): 103–9. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13827669.
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<em>Big country artistic system in the composition region literary environment too internal development laws own from the head forgives. Literary process common development principles welded poetic ring certain creative stylistic - formal research qualified perfection, talent level manifestation to be and artistic skill experience softening by means of aesthetic to value achieves. National independence spirituality in the chronicle to the hand included successes, reforms system in Karakalpakstan Uzbek literary life new to stage to raise strong the ground prepares.</em>
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Dilmurodovich, Nishonov Ilxom. "The evolution of science fiction: from proto-science fiction to new wave period." International Journal Of Literature And Languages 5, no. 3 (2025): 130–34. https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/volume05issue03-33.
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The following paper aims to explore the trajectory of science fiction literature, tracing its development from its foundational elements to the emergence and evolution of the cyberpunk as a subgenre of science fiction. Beginning with an examination of the origins and main features of science fiction in American literature, the paper delves into the thematic and stylistic elements that have characterized this genre over time. With roots in the speculative fiction of the early 19th century and the golden age of pulp magazines, science fiction has continually evolved alongside technological advancements and cultural shifts. From exploring space exploration and alien encounters to grappling with the ethical implications of scientific innovation, science fiction has served as a mirror to society's hopes, fears, and aspirations. The given research analyzes all stages of sci-fi development, commencing fromproto-science fiction until the formation of new wave movement.
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Ray, J. D., and R. Hari. "New Kingdom: Amarna Period." Vetus Testamentum 36, no. 4 (1986): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1518350.
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Zolotukhina, E. V., and L. A. Panacheva. "Arterial hypertension in the post-Covid period: literature review." Perm Medical Journal 42, no. 1 (2025): 5–11. https://doi.org/10.17816/pmj4215-11.
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During the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection, the most common comorbid pathology in patients with laboratory confirmed cases of COVID-19 was arterial hypertension (AH) due to the participation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components in the penetration of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into the human body and the similarity of the pathogenesis of these diseases. One of the manifestations of post-Covid syndrome in АН is destabilization of blood pressure, insufficiency of antihypertensive therapy effectively conducted before, uncontrolled hypertension, requiring intensified therapy, the development of resistant hypertension in some cases, high incidence of target organs damage. The frequency of new cases of hypertension 3 and 4–6 months after COVID-19 was low.
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Iljazi, Ajsel, and Mahmut Mahmut. "THE MOVEMENT OF THE TURKISH LITERATURE." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 7 (2018): 2367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28072367a.
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The movement of Turkish literature is divided into several broad periods of Turkish writers. Older literature covers the period from the Seljuks (900-1300) and the Ottoman period (1300-1922). The early period of the Ottoman literature, until the 16th century, was influenced by the Persian ideas, and after the 1520s, Arab ideas began to dominate.The movement of Turkish literature is often a part of political movements. Turkish patriotism gradually replaced the old Ottoman and Muslim traditions. This publicatoin will focus on the influence of the West, in particular the French concept of nationalism in Turkish Literature.The Young Turk Revolution, World War I, the Turkish War of Independence and the Reformation of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk all profoundly influenced the development of modern Turkish literature."New Turkish Literature" is a literary genre developed and transformed in parallel with Western effects. Starting from the birth until the 19th century, it is possible to mention the existence of Turkish literature formed under the influence of Central Asia and the Orient.The "New Turkish Literature" is a literary reflection of pro-Western oriented Turks, or the modernization process that began in 1839 in the Tanzimat period (Reorganization).
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Iljazi, Ajsel, and Mahmut Mahmut. "THE MOVEMENT OF THE TURKISH LITERATURE." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 7 (2018): 2367–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij29082367a.
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The movement of Turkish literature is divided into several broad periods of Turkish writers. Older literature covers the period from the Seljuks (900-1300) and the Ottoman period (1300-1922). The early period of the Ottoman literature, until the 16th century, was influenced by the Persian ideas, and after the 1520s, Arab ideas began to dominate.The movement of Turkish literature is often a part of political movements. Turkish patriotism gradually replaced the old Ottoman and Muslim traditions. This publicatoin will focus on the influence of the West, in particular the French concept of nationalism in Turkish Literature.The Young Turk Revolution, World War I, the Turkish War of Independence and the Reformation of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk all profoundly influenced the development of modern Turkish literature."New Turkish Literature" is a literary genre developed and transformed in parallel with Western effects. Starting from the birth until the 19th century, it is possible to mention the existence of Turkish literature formed under the influence of Central Asia and the Orient.The "New Turkish Literature" is a literary reflection of pro-Western oriented Turks, or the modernization process that began in 1839 in the Tanzimat period (Reorganization).
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Seo, Seunghui. "Dynamics of Literature During the Liberation Period and ‘New Life’ Discourses." Korean Literary Theory and Criticism 21, no. 3 (2017): 273–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.20461/kltc.2017.9.21.3.273.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "New period literature"
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Gold, A. C. B. "Wu Jianren and the late-Qing 'new fiction' movement." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376967.
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Huerta, Marisa. "Re-reading the New World romance : British colonization and the construction of "race" in the early modern period /." View online version; access limited to Brown University users, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3174621.
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Feile, Tomes Maya Caterina. "Neo-Latin America : the poetics of the "New World" in early modern epic : studies in José Manuel Peramás's 'De Invento Novo Orbe Inductoque Illuc Christi Sacrificio' (Faenza 1777)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/273742.
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This is an investigation of the epic poetry produced in and about the Ibero-American world during the early modern period (sixteenth to eighteenth centuries) in trilingual perspective: in addition to the more familiar Spanish- and Portuguese-language texts, consideration is also––and, for the purposes of the thesis, above all––given to material in Latin. Latin was the third of the international literary languages of the Iberian imperial world; it is also by far the most neglected, having fallen between the cracks of modern disciplinary boundaries in their current configurations. The thesis seeks to rehabilitate the Latin-language component as a fully-fledged member of the Ibero-American epic tradition, arguing that it demands to be analysed with reference not only to the classical and classicising traditions but to those same themes and concerns––in this case, the centre|periphery binary––as are investigated for counterparts when in Spanish or Portuguese. The crucial difference is that––while the ends may be the same––the means of thematising these issues derive in form and signifying power from interactions with the conceptual vocabularies and frameworks of the Greco-Roman epic tradition. How is America represented and New World space figured––even produced––in a poetic idiom first developed by ancient Mediterranean cultures with no conception whatsoever of the continent of the western hemisphere? At the core is one such long neglected Ibero-American Latin-language epic by a figure who lived across the Iberian imperial world: the 'De Invento Novo Orbe Inductoque Illuc Christi Sacrificio' (Faenza, 1777) by Catalan-born Jesuit José Manuel Peramás. Peramás’s epic––which has never been the subject of a literary-critical study before––is offered as a test case: an exercise in analysing a Latin-language Hispanic epic qua Hispanic epic and setting it into Ibero-American literary-cultural context. This is to be understood in relation to the field of so-called ‘New World poetics’: an at present emergent zone of inquiry within Iberian colonial studies which until now has been developing almost completely without reference to the Latin-language portion of the corpus.
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Amaral, George Augusto do. "Novo estranhamento e consciência política: gêneros literários em Perdido Street Station, de China Miéville." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8151/tde-09012018-185349/.
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O objetivo desta dissertação é a interpretação do romance Perdido Street Station (2000), de China Miéville, sob a perspectiva da teoria literária e da crítica materialista. Considerada inovadora por retratar contradições sociais, políticas e econômicas da realidade pela via do fantástico e, ao mesmo tempo, mesclar convenções e temas derivados de Ficção Científica, Fantasia e Horror, a obra tornou-se a referência principal para o surgimento de um novo subgênero literário, o New Weird. Com o intuito de aprofundar essa definição e compreender os mecanismos e estruturas formais presentes no romance, abordamos em detalhe as discussões de autores e críticos a respeito do New Weird. A partir desse levantamento, foi possível identificar as estratégias de articulação entre os gêneros da literatura fantástica presentes no romance e verificar que ele também apresenta proximidade em relação às estruturas do Romance de Formação Bildungsroman e do romance de Distopia Crítica. Argumentamos que é principalmente por meio dos recursos desses dois gêneros que se desenvolve no romance o conteúdo de crítica social e reflexão acerca da realidade material, discutindo temas como alienação, fragmentação e mecanização do indivíduo sob a vigência do modo de produção capitalista; fetichismo da mercadoria e consumismo; políticas de identidade raciais e étnicas; assim como cultura e hibridismo na pós-modernidade. Concluímos que o romance efetivamente inova na maneira com que articula os gêneros e propicia a reflexão a respeito da realidade contemporânea, utilizando as diversas categorias de estranhamento propiciadas pela literatura fantástica.<br>The purpose of the present dissertation is to make a reading of China Miévilles novel Perdido Street Station (2000), from the perspective of literary theory and materialist criticism. Considered a pioneer in the way it uses the fantastic to portray the social, political and economic contradictions of reality and at the same time mixing conventions and themes derived from Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror, the novel turned out to be the main reference for the emergence of a new literary subgenre, the New Weird. In order to make a profound study of this definition and understand the formal devices and structures present in the novel, we approached in detail the discussions of authors and critics regarding the New Weird. Based on that it was possible to identify the strategies for the articulation of the genres of fantastic literature present in the novel and to verify that it has close affiliation with the structure of the Formation Novel - Bildungsroman - and also to the Critical Dystopia novel. We argued that it is mainly based on the resources provided by these two genres that the novel develops the content of social criticism and meditation on material reality, discussing subjects such as alienation, fragmentation and mechanization of the individual under the scope of the capitalist mode of production; commodity fetishism and consumerism; racial and ethnic identity politics; as well as culture and hybridism in postmodernity. We concluded that the novel effectively innovates both in the way it articulates the genres and how it enables meditations on contemporary reality, making use of the different categories of estrangement provided by the fantastic literature.
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Moreno, González Pablo. "Le roman turc de la première décennie républicaine (1923-1933) : un nouveau modèle de société." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021INAL0010.
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Qu’est-ce que Don Quichotte aurait en commun avec Mme Bovary ? Certains ont compris qu’ils se prennent tousdeux pour les personnages des romans qu’ils lisent voracement. À travers ces cas, quoique lyriques, le genreromanesque met en évidence sa capacité à imposer des modèles de comportement, à transformer la personnalitédu lecteur, à susciter en lui une reconstruction identitaire. Dans ce travail, nous nous proposons d’étudier ce pouvoiret de le prouver à travers le cas du roman turc de la première décennie républicaine. C’est à ce moment-là, entre1923 et 1933, sous le régime de Mustafa Kemal, que convergent en Turquie les courants qui se disputent depuisquelques décennies la nouvelle identité des Turcs, après l’effondrement du modèle de société ottoman, basé sur lesentiment religieux. Face à cette situation de reconstruction identitaire, quel rôle joue donc le roman de la période,d’autant plus qu’il traite systématiquement de la transformation sociale du pays ? Pour y répondre, nous étudionsles trames, les thèmes récurrents et les personnages de près de quatre-vingt romans, desquels nous avons extraitles modèles de société qu’ils défendent et le rapport qui les relie à l’actualité. Par ailleurs, nous consacrons une placeau symbolisme des espaces qui sont associés aux référents identitaires en jeu : Fatih, l’univers traditionnel, Beyoğlu,l’Istanbul occidentalisée, et l’Anatolie, source d’inspiration nationale. Le travail se conclut par une étude sur laposture du roman vis-à-vis de la condition des femmes, indicateur du niveau de progrès atteint par la société, et duprototype de femme que la production romanesque de la période préconise<br>What do Don Quixote and Madame Bovary have in common? Indeed, they both believe themselves to be charactersfrom the novels they voraciously read. These examples, although heightened, highlight the novel’s ability to imposemodels of behaviour, to transform the reader’s personality, and in summary, to trigger a reconstruction of identity.In this thesis, I have set out to study this ability and to prove it through case studies of novels written in the firstdecade of the Republic of Turkey. The Ottoman model of society, based on religious affiliation, has collapsed andseveral currents of thought have been disputing for years a claim on the new identity of the Turks. They all convergein this period, between 1923 and 1933, under the rule of Mustafa Kemal, giving birth to a new form of identityreconstruction. Therefore, what role does the novel of this period play, especially as it has been dealing for decadeswith the social transformation of the country? In order to answer this question, I study the plots, recurring themesand characters of nearly eighty novels; I seek to determine the model(s) of society they defend and the linkconnecting them to the reality of the country. In addition, I analyse the symbolism of the places associated with theidentity referents at stake: Fatih, the traditional world, Beyoğlu, the Westernised Istanbul, and Anatolia, the sourceof national inspiration. The essay concludes with a study of the novel’s view on the social conditions of women, anindicator of the level of progress achieved by society, and of the female prototype that these novels encourage
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SURDI, ELENA. "Antonio Rubino tra le pagine dei periodici per ragazzi: un artista ironico nel periodo fascista." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1670.
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Lo scrittore ed illustratore Antonio Rubino (1880-1964) fu artista di rilievo nel panorama letterario infantile del Novecento, prolifico nell’ideare opere connotate da forte ironia e da soluzioni espressive multimediali. La ricerca dà risalto a quanto pubblicato dall’artista sanremasco sulle pagine dei periodici per ragazzi nella prima metà del XX secolo, settore ad oggi privo di uno studio sistematico. Si tratta di un punto di vista favorevole a far emergere i contenuti trasmessi dall’autore al destinatario infantile, nonché a fare luce sul controverso rapporto con il fascismo e a tratteggiare l’evoluzione multimediale della sua produzione per l’infanzia. La definizione di una poetica rubiniana, che colga le matrici artistiche e le peculiarità ironiche della sua arte, conduce ad una riflessione educativa che interroghi la responsabilità assunta da Rubino nei confronti dell’infanzia lettrice.<br>The writer and illustrator Antonio Rubino (1880-1964) was a significant artist in the children’s literary panorama of the twentieth century. His works are connoted by strong irony and multimedia expressive solutions. This research is focused on Rubino’s works edited on children’s periodicals in the first half of the 20th century, a field that hasn’t been systematically studied yet by critics. This ideal point of view highlights the contents transmitted by the author to the young reader, underlines the relationship between the artist and the fascism and delineates the multimedia evolution of his children’s production. The analysis of the Rubino’s artistic thought, influenced by the contemporary trends, shows the peculiarities of his ironic style. It also guides to an educative consideration that examines the responsibilities of the author for young readers.
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SURDI, ELENA. "Antonio Rubino tra le pagine dei periodici per ragazzi: un artista ironico nel periodo fascista." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1670.
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Lo scrittore ed illustratore Antonio Rubino (1880-1964) fu artista di rilievo nel panorama letterario infantile del Novecento, prolifico nell’ideare opere connotate da forte ironia e da soluzioni espressive multimediali. La ricerca dà risalto a quanto pubblicato dall’artista sanremasco sulle pagine dei periodici per ragazzi nella prima metà del XX secolo, settore ad oggi privo di uno studio sistematico. Si tratta di un punto di vista favorevole a far emergere i contenuti trasmessi dall’autore al destinatario infantile, nonché a fare luce sul controverso rapporto con il fascismo e a tratteggiare l’evoluzione multimediale della sua produzione per l’infanzia. La definizione di una poetica rubiniana, che colga le matrici artistiche e le peculiarità ironiche della sua arte, conduce ad una riflessione educativa che interroghi la responsabilità assunta da Rubino nei confronti dell’infanzia lettrice.<br>The writer and illustrator Antonio Rubino (1880-1964) was a significant artist in the children’s literary panorama of the twentieth century. His works are connoted by strong irony and multimedia expressive solutions. This research is focused on Rubino’s works edited on children’s periodicals in the first half of the 20th century, a field that hasn’t been systematically studied yet by critics. This ideal point of view highlights the contents transmitted by the author to the young reader, underlines the relationship between the artist and the fascism and delineates the multimedia evolution of his children’s production. The analysis of the Rubino’s artistic thought, influenced by the contemporary trends, shows the peculiarities of his ironic style. It also guides to an educative consideration that examines the responsibilities of the author for young readers.
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Ko, Cheng-Yi, and 柯正毅. "The Study of Taiwanese Labor Literature during Period of Japanese Occupation – Focusing on New-Literature Labor Fictions." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/85662877410664592343.
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碩士<br>國立臺北教育大學<br>台灣文化研究所<br>101<br>In the discussion of Taiwan's labor literature, most scholars regard Yang Ching-chu's literature in 1970’s as a starting point. However, the labor literature studies before 1970’s is more scarce. In particular, during the Japanese occupation of Taiwan's industrialization starting point, the government in the past period mentioned the Japanese’ contribution to Taiwan mostly implicitly, in order to consolidate the legitimacy of the government.
Taiwanese industrial development from agricultural to industrial transformation, the foundation work is in the Japanese colonial period. the new literary labor accompanied by the development of novel industrial development and the development of new literature, 1920 to 1931 period with a total of Arrest is the beginning of the development of Taiwan's labor novel, with the rise of social movements, Taiwanese farmers combination, the Taiwan Cultural Association, Taiwanese Communist Party, Taiwanese People's Party four social organizations in the development of novel new literature on labor, clearly demonstrated against colonial and the bourgeois criticism, and is the most acute period of the text, while the stage is concentrated in the publication of 《The Taiwan Minpao》 series.
From 1932 to 1937, the publication of 《La Formosa Nov-Literaturo》 and abolition ceased until the second phase of the Chinese language bar, have founded a new literary magazine, published stage increases for some literary debut with the budding youth opportunities, and those in power continue to strengthen speech control, labor will focus on writing novels describe the lives of workers and difficulties, in order to highlight the plight of laborers, writers deliberately portray seriousness of the event, sometimes a little deviation from the era true face.
Chinese language bar on the third stage the abolition of literary transition period, in response to wartime mobilization system, Japanese novelists writing is greatly in size limitations, can only hope and light side with writing novels, unlike the previous two The left wing of the labor realistic fiction tradition, critical social text is replaced by the text adapt to the environment, as this period of labor novel features.
This research mainly focus on from 1920 to 1945, organize labor literature through journals and newspapers, literary scenes and prevailing social and labor life activities were compared in order to represnt this in the National Government not taken seriously literary tradition.
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Chih-KuangKuo and 郭誌光. "For Life? For Art? – On the Cultural Turn during Taiwan’s New Literature Movement in the Formal Period." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7r883g.
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博士<br>國立成功大學<br>台灣文學系<br>104<br>SUMMARY
In this paper, I use the method of historical research and text analysis, and research the debate on Taiwan version of for life? for art? that occurred from 1931 to 1937. From the research results it is found that after years of controversy, no later than the end of 1936, the high degree of consensus requiring both of the two art for life had been obtained, while Taiwanese literature with subjectivity and Taiwanese literature spiritual content with literature nature also was finally established through this debate.
INTRODUCTION
According to Liu Shu-chin’s study, it is indicated that from the early 1920s to 1937 on the eve when the Marco Polo Bridge Incident broke out was an important stage for budding and forming of Taiwan's new literature movement. Many traits were formed in this period, constituting the entire keynote of literary activities during the Japanese occupation. So far it remains more or less to affect the development of current literary activities. Among them, especially the development after 1930 before the outbreak of the incident was most impressive. Although the most significant, this phase had actually encompassed the decline of anti-colonialism movement, and new literary movement that has always been attached to the anti-colonial movement has also been confronted with crisis to run into snags.
However, the crisis was also a turning point. Taiwan’s writer, in this period of cultural turn, brought into full play subjective initiative, tried to put forward a variety of literary innovation programs to seek a breakthrough from suppression, and walked out of thorny road.
To inspire the public, the left and right wings in mainstream anti-colonial camp began to devote themselves pondering popularization of literature and arts, popular art, etc. era proposition, and then went deep into the nature of the art, the definition of new literature and other fundamental issues, causing the debate on for life? for art? of left-leaning and right-leaning debate in essence about literature. As far as the left wing is concerned, its interior had derived dispute as for whether the reading public should be set at third class, or fourth class, and disputes as for where the distinctions were regarding the strategic stage goal and ultimate goal, ideology and art, and confrontation stance against political reality. Between it and right wing, arguments on left as main and right as subordination and right as main and left as subordination, how to do for life and for art, the public and the masses, popularity and vulgarity, alliance and struggle, line, front and alignment, etc. were generated. With the outside camp for art, arguments regarding teleology also occurred: whether there was purpose of art? Was it for life? Or for art? Formalism theory: did content determine form? Or did form decide content? Object theory: Who owned art? Did it belong to the elite? Or did it belong to the public? And so on.
CONCLUSION
The various camps had proposed literary innovation programs through this Taiwan version of argument on for life? for art?. Magnificent view of all flowers blooming together was formed, and then one after another ponds of water were diverged, deepened down to enrich the spirit of Taiwanese literature connotation. Via the process of continuous debate, split, combination on line, front and alignment, Taiwan's new literature movement finally was able to construct subjectivity, gradually turned away from the influence of Chinese literature and Japanese literature, transferred to a variety of new possibilities based on native land. After this cultural turn and search for literature innovation, formal period of Taiwan's new literary movement in the 1930s, no later than he end of 1936, already turned away from teleological debate on for life? for art? successfully turned to consensus of practice theory and overcoming theory with a combination of both art for life, which established the independent Taiwanese literature circle, and wrote the most splendid page in the history of Taiwanese literature during the Japanese governance period. Ancestors have been far away, but rich literary cultural heritage left to us would bestow us infinite inspiration thinking forever.
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Huang, Yi-Ting, and 黃怡婷. "The Echo of the Language：The Study on the Relation between Language and Literature Reforms and the Vernacular Novels in New Literature during Japanese Colonial Period." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83059160958228611979.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>台灣文學研究所<br>99<br>With the scope of the vernacular novels in New Literature during Japanese colonial period, this thesis explores the influence of language on literary creation. Three levels according to writing sequence are the expected literary creating language in Japanese colonial period, the literary creating language in practice, and the narrative language that can sustain a novel.
In Chapter Two, the first section elucidates the development of “the accordance between vernacular and written language” in Japan and Chinese, inducing the relationship between “the accordance between vernacular and written language” and the period in history. The second section focuses on the Taiwan literary circles that followed the steps of Japan and Chinese, pointing out that according to the journal editorials, the ideal literary style was “Chinese vernacular”. Later, with the experience of the written form in Modern China, this section elucidates that there might have been a struggle between the vernacular language and the written language at the beginning of Taiwan New Literature. The third section analyzes the sentences in Taiwan New Literature writer’s novels. With the comparison between different works of a single writer and the comprehensive comparison between different writers, the third section discusses the difference and similarity of certain syntax. The latter part of this chapter discusses the possible reasons that result in the difference of the syntax in sentences, the development of writers, and the possible influence of the language on literary creation.
Chapter Three begins with Taiwan Regional Literature and Vernacular Literature Debate, followed with the development of New Literature in the 1930s. During this period, “Taiwan vernacular” was seen as the ideal language of writing. In the first section, the Regional Literature Debate of “Manchukuo”(滿洲國) was presented as a contrast, which emphasizes the special issues that Taiwan, being a colony of Japan, raised in its debate. Through the analysis of the language of Lai, Ho(賴和), and Yang, Shou-Yu(楊守愚), the second section observes the development of their narratives in novels from 1920s to 1930s. The third section analyzes the language of Kuo Chiu-Sheng(郭秋生) and Chu, Tien-Jen(朱點人) with their positions in the Regional Literature and Vernacular Literature Debate, inspecting the similarity and difference between their theory and practice.
After the discussion of the vernacular novels development and the syntax of literary creation in the 1920s and the 1930s in Chapter Two and Chapter Three, Chapter Four, in a comprehensive way, explores the influence of the social expectation and the writers’ inner reflection on writing language. The first section deals with the linkage between the language and literature reforms in the 1920s and 1930s and the vernacular novels through New Literature circles’ reception of “the accordance between the vernacular and the written language”. In the second section associates the writers’ awareness of the predicament in writing and the presentation in novel syntax, inferring the way the narrative language in vernacular novels is formed.
Most of the present researches on the written language in Japanese colonial period lead to two kinds of conclusions: first, to assert that the intermingling of different languages reflects the generation and to affirm the multifarious writing styles of writers in this period; second, to interpret the language preference as the identity of writers, which manifests their resistance to colonization. Under these viewpoints, language is always the passive, which waits to be chosen. Through analyzing the sentences in novels, comparing the awareness of literary creation, and considering the features of novel as a genre, I assert that writers cannot fully control their language. While they can actively choose the writing language, the language nevertheless influences thinking and writing inversely.
Books on the topic "New period literature"
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Berkeley Conference on Dutch Literature (1987). The Berkeley Conference on Dutch Literature 1987: New perspectives on the modern period. University Press of America, 1989.
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Singhal, K. C. The ancient history of India, Vedic period: A new interpretation. Atlantic Publishers & Distributors, 2003.
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Maestro, Betsy. The new Americans: Colonial times, 1620-1689. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1996.
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Maestro, Betsy. The new Americans: Colonial times, 1620-1689. Lothrop, Lee & Shepard Books, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "New period literature"
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Henshaw, T. "The Pre-Literary Period." In New Testament Literature. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003564737-5.
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Guangwei, Cheng. "The Origin of New-Period Literature." In The “Historicization" of Contemporary Literature. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003505716-4.
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Hiller, Geoffrey G., Peter L. Groves, and Alan F. Dilnot. "Period 3: London—New Riches, New Squalor (1781–1870)." In An Anthology of London in Literature, 1558-1914. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05609-4_3.
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Nurmi, Arja. "The English Language of the Early Modern Period." In A New Companion to English Renaissance Literature and Culture. Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444319019.ch2.
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Hiller, Geoffrey G., Peter L. Groves, and Alan F. Dilnot. "Period 1: London—Birth of a New Order (1558–1659)." In An Anthology of London in Literature, 1558-1914. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05609-4_1.
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Borriello, Giovanni. "The Introduction of Moxibustion and Acupuncture in Europe from the Early Modern Period to the Nineteenth Century." In New Directions in Literature and Medicine Studies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-51988-7_17.
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Belmar, Antonio García, and José Ramón Bertomeu Sánchez. "Spanish Chemistry Textbooks During Late 18th Century: Building up a New Genre of Scientific Literature." In Universities and Science in the Early Modern Period. Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3975-1_16.
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Vogl, Thomas, Anastasia Sinitsyna, and Grzegorz Micek. "Systematic Literature Review of Location Factors of Coworking Spaces in Non-urban Areas." In Evolution of New Working Spaces. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50868-4_8.
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AbstractThe global COVID-19 pandemic fostered the relocation of remote workers and freelancers from metropolitan to non-urban areas. During the first waves of the pandemic, regional migration flows affected the local demand for flexible working spaces in non-urban regions and attracted the interest of the local stakeholders. As a result, a growing number of coworking spaces (CSs) were established in non-urban areas. Yet the scientific discussion on what determines the location of non-urban CSs remains fragmented and has not been analyzed systematically. This chapter presents a systematic literature review (PRISMA) of recent evidence (2010–2022 publication period) on the topic of location factors of CSs in non-urban (rural) areas, and it outlines the main characteristics of CSs’ locations. Analysis is performed on the macro, meso, and micro spatial scales and, in addition, the COVID-19 factor is taken into account. The results of our study indicate that since 2010, the most frequently and continuously analyzed location factors have been those at the regional (meso) level. Secondly, the micro and macro levels of analysis have increasingly gained scientific interest since 2020 but have remained under-researched. Finally, our results show a gradually increasing frequency of occurrences of the COVID-19 factor, which since 2021 has been the most discussed location factor.
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Baird, Ileana. "Introduction: “Speaking to the Eyes”—Reassessing the Enlightenment in the Digital Age." In Data Visualization in Enlightenment Literature and Culture. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54913-8_1.
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AbstractThis introduction provides a brief survey of the evolution of data visualization from its eighteenth-century beginnings, when the Scottish engineer and political scientist William Playfair created the first statistical graphs, to its present-day developments and use in period-related digital humanities projects. The author highlights the growing use of data visualization in major institutional projects, provides a literature review of representative works that employ data visualizations as a methodological tool, and highlights the contribution that this collection makes to digital humanities and the Enlightenment studies. Addressing essential period-related themes—from issues of canonicity, intellectual history, and book trade practices to canonical authors and texts, gender roles, and public sphere dynamics—, this collection also makes a broader argument about the necessity of expanding the very notion of “Enlightenment” not only spatially but also conceptually, by revisiting its tenets in light of new data. When translating the new findings afforded by the digital in suggestive visualizations, we can unveil unforeseen patterns, trends, connections, or networks of influence that could potentially revise existing master narratives about the period and the ideological structures at the core of the Enlightenment.
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Scandura, Claudia. "Russian Literature in Italy." In Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0340.12.
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This chapter aims to map Russian literary translation in Italy in the twentieth century and to reflect on how politics influenced publishers’ and translators’ choices. The increase of Russian literary translations into Italian is linked to the strong interest Italians had for Russia from the eighteenth century onwards, leading to a reception process unique among European literatures. After the October Revolution, many Russian exiles chose Italy as their second home and tried to propagate their culture there. The most important of these was the poet Viacheslav Ivanov. Thanks to his encouragement, the first rhymed Italian translation of Aleksandr Pushkin’s Evgenii Onegin appeared. After World War II, Russian literature in Italy was identified with the Soviet Union; texts chosen for translation were intended to underline their political-social character. Left-oriented publishing houses, such as Editori Riuniti and Einaudi, focused their interest on the literature of the “Thaw” period and of the Twenties. For Feltrinelli, a small Milanese publishing house specializing in political texts, Soviet literature was a key element of ‘editorial strategy’. Publicity surrounding the 1957 world première publication of Doctor Zhivago, followed by Pasternak’s 1958 Nobel Prize, brought Feltrinelli huge success. In the following two decades the polarization of cultural political issues subsumed discourse on Russian and Soviet literature into academia. From the mid-1980s onwards, Russian literature gradually lost its centrality to Italian translation publishing, overwhelmed by the collapse of the Soviet Union. Thirty years after the end of Communist ideological influence, the initiative to celebrate Dostoevsky’s bicentenary in 2021 (and the many new translations that have appeared to mark it), show how, without Russian literature, Italy’s literary heritage would be irredeemably impoverished.
Conference papers on the topic "New period literature"
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Jankova, Liga, and Andrejs Lazdins. "CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT IN LATVIA." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s21.58.
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Understanding the nature and role of customer relationship management (hereinafter CRM) is an important prerequisite for business success. A customer requires the company to adhere to certain quality standards as well as affects the performance and management of the company. Customer relationships could be managed and developed to attract new customers and increase business profitability and customer loyalty. The customer is the most valuable asset of a company that helps to achieve goals set by the company. In Latvia, the need to view customer relationships as important in business management is understood only in some industries and by the segment of large companies, and problems with customer relationship management in companies have not been sufficiently researched. Digital transformation, personalized customer experiences, the use of mobile devices, the ability to integrate various management systems into a company, artificial intelligence and analytical tools shape trends in customer relationship management. The new trends and challenges increase the role of customer relationships in business process management in almost every industry and any company. Research methods. The research employed the monographic method, logical construction as well as analysis and synthesis. Research period. The data were analysed for the period from 2018 to 2022. The research analysed the division of customers into classes and average purchases for the period 2019-2021. The sources of information used: specialist economic literature, research documents and scientific conference papers, internal company data on economic activity and data from a customer database. In Latvia, there is no unified accounting for and no information about companies that have developed and implemented CRM in their operations; therefore, the research summarized the legal framework for customer relationship management in Latvia and analysed the experience of a company in managing customer relationships.
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Xie, Jingyu. "Study on the Social Influence of Sports Literature in New Period." In 2016 5th International Conference on Social Science, Education and Humanities Research. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ssehr-16.2016.90.
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"The Characteristics and Boundary of Social Media Language Communication Mode under the Pragmatic Boundary in the New Period." In 2018 International Conference on Culture, Literature, Arts & Humanities. Francis Academic Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25236/icclah.18.061.
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Kyzylova, Vitalina, and Marharyta Vasylieva. "Understanding of the Traumatic Childhood Experience in Ukrainian Works for and About Children of the Second World War Period." In International Conference on New Trends in Languages, Literature and Social Communications (ICNTLLSC 2021). Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210525.013.
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Zhang, Mengyun. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WANG MENG AND THE RUSSIAN LITERATURE — A STUDY OF WANG MENG’S ACCEPTANCE AND VARIATION OF RUSSIAN AND SOVIET LITERATURE IN THE 30 YEARS OF CHINESE CONTEMPORARY LITERATURE." In 9th International Conference ISSUES OF FAR EASTERN LITERATURES. St. Petersburg State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288062049.33.
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Wang Meng is one of the Chinese writers whose works have been most translated in Russia, and even the sales of translations of the same work in Russia have greatly exceeded the sales in China. It can be said that Wang Meng’s influence on Russia is the same as that of Russian literature on Wang Meng’s life, and the latter is an indispensable cause of the former. This paper takes the period from the founding of the People’s Republic of China to the late period of 1980s as the timeline, the influence of Soviet literature on Wang Meng’s writing during the Sino-Soviet period, and the variation of Wang Meng’s acceptance of Russian and Soviet literature in the new period. Combined with text analysis, the author explains the literary phenomenon of writer Wang Meng. First of all, the influence of Soviet literature on Wang Meng’s writing during the Sino-Soviet period was divided into two parts: one is the “invisible” imitation of Russian and Soviet literature by contemporary Chinese writers; the other is Wang Meng’s inheritance and influence of Soviet literature. Among them, the Slavic spirit in Wang Meng’s works and the “revolutionary” theme in Wang Meng’s novels are the innovations of this article. In the second, the author separately analyzes three aspects: Wang Meng’s practice of Bakhtin’s carnivalized poetics, the change from idealism to realism, and the Orthodox spirit, Lao Zhuang thought and Wang Meng’s literary worldview. According to the language expression, the author’s creative style and the writers’ literary thought analysis, author explored Wang Meng’s acceptance and transformation of Soviet literary theories, literary genres, and Russian national spirit after the 1980s, and revealed Wang Meng’s reform and innovation in the literary path. Furthermore, from this perspective, examine the reasons why Wang Meng’s novel creation can stand on its own, repeatedly innovate, and the literary charm is evergreen.
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Liu, Daiqiong. "Analysis of Tibetan Female Literature in New Period from Ecological Feminist Perspective - Take Sun Tribe of Meizhuo as an Example." In 2016 4th International Education, Economics, Social Science, Arts, Sports and Management Engineering Conference (IEESASM 2016). Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ieesasm-16.2016.212.
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Kurako, Julia. "GUO MORUO’S MY CHILDHOOD AND HU SHI’S SELF-NARRATION AT FORTY: COMMON AND SPECIAL FEATURES IN REPRESENTATION OF NEW MAN OF THE NEW ERA." In 10th International Conference "Issues of Far Eastern Literatures (IFEL 2022)". St. Petersburg State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/11701/9785288063770.20.
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The genre of literary autobiography started its formation in China during the New Culture Movement and entered a phase of rapid development by the end of the 1920s. A new understanding of autobiography as a generalized and objectified experience of the writer generated the diversified and syncretic form based on the combination of national tradition and foreign experience. The most representative works of that period are Guo Moruo’s My Childhood (1928) and Hu Shi’s Self-narration at Forty (1933). Based on the main characteristics of the genre of literary autobiography in world literature, the present article attempts to compare these two works in order to identify similarities and differences in authors’ approaches to the representation of personality, as well as to reveal typological features of the Chinese literary autobiography genre of the first half of the 20th century.
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Verdenhofs, Atis, Ineta Geipele, and Tatjana Tambovceva. "Big data in construction industry: systematic literature overview." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.062.
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Technological advancement has led to tremendous increase of data. Many industries utilize big data to become more efficient or even to create new products or services. Applications of big data in construction industry has been extensively researched in Asia that can be explained with huge construction volumes in the area. This study is aimed at identifying big data applications in construction industry in time period beyond 2016. Research object is construction industry, research subject is big data applications. Research methods used in this research are systematic literature overview and meta-analysis. Novelty of the research is classification of big data applications based on systematic literature overview. Authors conclude that existing categorization (Bilal et al., 2016b) can be applied to researches about big data applications in construction industry published in 2016 and later. However, potential for new applications is identified in category of emerging trends triggered by big data and authors propose to perform cross-industry analysis to identify solutions that can be adopted to construction industry.
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Rietveld, Dr Kyra A. "The Empty Shell of A goddess: Representations of Artemis Based on Literature in the Graeco-Roman period." In 5th World Conference on Arts, Humanities, Social Sciences and Education. Eurasia Conferences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62422/978-81-968539-1-4-066.
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In antiquity, a push occurred for a universal Greek identity after the Persian wars. The Greek pantheon was used to support this new sense of nationality, relying on the shared mythology and understanding of the gods. Images of the goddess Artemis started to appear that reflected this, promoting a universalized system of religion relating to the changing political situation to give ancient Greek citizens stability within their vast, shifting world. I argue that the representation of the goddess Artemis which followed the universalizing trend, underwent a significant change during the Graeco-Roman period. Even though the appearance of these works was consistent, the meaning transformed. Where her images at first were hyper realistic as they were based on literary sources and therefore contained much detail, distorting the line between experiencing the actual presence of the goddess and her mere representation; later Artemis imagery based on literature became removed from the notion of real presence, and the sense of life of the goddess found within the works slowly faded. Statues became empty shells, echoes of the presence of the goddess.
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TUĞLUK, Mehmet Emin. "A COMPETITION TO FIND AN EQUAL TO THE TWELVE FOREIGN WORDS ORGANIZED BY THE ŞEHBÂL MAGAZINE (1909-1914)." In 3. International Congress of Language and Literature. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/lan.con3-4.
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One of the important magazines of the Second Constitutional period was the magazine Şehbâl, which was published between 14 March 1909 and 14 July 1914. Political events and comments in Şehbâl magazine; culture, literature, music; painting, sculpture, architecture; health,sport; inventions and inventions, discoveries, accounting, humor, fashion, make-up, embroidery, housework; articles on many subjects such as information about new publications and selections from English, French, German and American magazines have been published. Another important feature of Şehbâl magazine is that it organizes competitions on various subjects. One of these competitions organized by the Magazine is The Competition to Find an Equal to The Twelve Foreign Words In this competition, it was requested to find the equivalents of the words bibliographie, boycottage, caprice, caricature, clup, conference, concert, decor, monologue, paradoxe, surprise, taximetre. Various words were suggested to this competition by 517 people. However, none of the suggested words are used in standard Turkey Turkish instead of the desired word. However, this competition is important in terms of showing the influence of foreign languages on Turkish and the awareness and resistance shown against this influence. Key words: Şehbâl Magazine, Competition, Second Constitutional, Foreign Languages, Turkish Equivalent.
Reports on the topic "New period literature"
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Volpe Martincus, Christian, and Jerónimo Carballo. Survival of New Exporters in Developing Countries: Does it Matter How They Diversify? Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011058.
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Recent studies have shown that developing countries might have significantly better export performance if they were able to increase the duration of their trade relationships. Evidence on duration of these relationships at the firm level is virtually absent. In this paper, we aim at filling this gap in the literature by analyzing what determines export survival using firm-level data for the whole population of Peruvian new exporters over the period 2000-2006. In particular, we address one question: Does it matter how firms diversify? We find that geographical diversification increases the probability of survival in export markets more than product diversification.
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Gallegos, José-Elías. Inflation persistence, noisy information and the Phillips curve. Banco de España, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/29569.
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A vast literature has documented how US inflation persistence has fallen in recent decades, but this finding is difficult to explain in monetary models. Using survey data on inflation expectations, I document a positive co-movement between ex-ante average forecast errors and forecast revisions (suggesting forecast sluggishness) from 1968 to 1984, but no co-movement thereafter. I extend the New Keynesian setting to include noisy and dispersed information about the aggregate state, and show that inflation is more persistent in periods of greater forecast sluggishness. My results suggest that changes in firm forecasting behavior explain around 90% of the fall in inflation persistence since the mid-1980s. I also find that the changes in the dynamics of the Phillips curve can be explained by the change in information frictions. After controlling for changes in information frictions, I estimate only a modest decline in the slope. I find that a more significant factor in the dynamics of the Phillips curve is the shift towards greater forward-lookingness and less backward-lookingness. Finally, I find evidence of forecast underrevision in the post-COVID period, which explains the increase in the persistence of current inflation.
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Cruickshank, Garry. The Participation of Women Employed in Traditionally Male-Dominated Occupations including Plumbing: 1975 – 2013. Unitec ePress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.026.
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In 1975 employment in the majority of trades’ areas was dominated by men, and this fact, associated with a significant wage disparity, generated considerable social debate at that time. A number of newspaper articles in New Zealand highlighted the lack of female participation in traditionally male occupations. Using an intensive literature review and statistical analysis of available records, this paper investigates whether the numbers of women employed as plumbers in New Zealand have changed between 1975 and the present day. Having established that the proportion of female plumbers is almost unchanged during this period, this research then compares this information with data gathered from other trades and exposes the widespread nature of this trend across traditionally male dominated industries. This data is also compared to gender-based employment rates in the non-trades professions. The potential causes underlying this tendency are discussed. Finally the paper reflects on what, if anything, could to be done to alter this situation.
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Cruickshank, Garry. The Participation of Women Employed in Traditionally Male-Dominated Occupations including Plumbing: 1975 – 2013. Unitec ePress, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.026.
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In 1975 employment in the majority of trades’ areas was dominated by men, and this fact, associated with a significant wage disparity, generated considerable social debate at that time. A number of newspaper articles in New Zealand highlighted the lack of female participation in traditionally male occupations. Using an intensive literature review and statistical analysis of available records, this paper investigates whether the numbers of women employed as plumbers in New Zealand have changed between 1975 and the present day. Having established that the proportion of female plumbers is almost unchanged during this period, this research then compares this information with data gathered from other trades and exposes the widespread nature of this trend across traditionally male dominated industries. This data is also compared to gender-based employment rates in the non-trades professions. The potential causes underlying this tendency are discussed. Finally the paper reflects on what, if anything, could to be done to alter this situation.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Donor Support for ‘Informal Social Movements’. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.085.
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“Social movements” are by definition informal or semi-formal, as opposed to the formal structure of a stable association, such as a club, a corporation, or a political party. They are relatively long lasting over a period of weeks, months, or even years rather than flaring up for a few hours or a few days and then disappearing (Smelser et al., 2020). There is a substantial and growing body of work dedicated to social movements, encompassing a wide range of views about how to define them (Smelser et al., 2020). This is complicated by the use of other terms which shade into the idea of “social movements”, such as grass-roots mobilisation/ movements, non-traditional civil society organisations, voluntary organisations, civic space, new civic activism, active citizenship, to name a few. There is also an implied informality to the term “social movements”, so that the research for this rapid review used both “social movement” and “informal social movement”. Thus this rapid review seeks to find out what approaches do donors use to support “informal social movements” in their programming, and what evidence do they base their strategies on. The evidence found during the course of this rapid review was drawn from both the academic literature, and think-tank and donor reports. The academic literature found was extremely large and predominantly drawn from single case studies around the world, with few comparative studies. The literature on donor approaches found from both donors and think tanks was not consistently referenced to research evidence but tended to be based on interviews with experienced staff and recipients.
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Arcia, Gustavo. Efficiency of Public Expenditures in Education and Health in Belize, 2003 - 2013. Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009289.
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Fundamental to the achievement of a country's economic and social development goals is efficiency in its public spending. This study analyses the levels and trends of public spending in the education and health sectors in Belize and offers an initial approach to evaluating the efficiency of such spending, taking into consideration the performance of the main outcome indicators for both sectors. The study contributes to the existing literature by using a new database that allows a territorial approach, by documenting the disparities of spending and sectorial outcomes at a national level and among different political administrative units (districts) for the period 2003-2013. Based on the aforementioned analysis, the study also identifies areas for improvement and presents policy recommendations to be implemented at a territorial level. Owing to the limitation of data in Central American countries, this analysis is encompassed in a regional effort of systematization and standardization of public spending figures and of input and output indicators in these two sectors.
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Araujo,, María Caridad, and Karen Macours. Education, Income and Mobility: Experimental Impacts of Childhood Exposure to Progresa after 20 Years. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003808.
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In 1997, the Mexican government designed the conditional cash transfer program Progresa, which became the worldwide model of a new approach to social programs, simultaneously targeting human capital accumulation and poverty reduction. A large literature has documented the short and medium-term impacts of the Mexican program and its successors in other countries. Using Progresas experimental evaluation design originally rolled out in 1997-2000, and a tracking survey conducted 20 years later, this paper studies the differential long-term impacts of exposure to Progresa. We focus on two cohorts of children: i) those that during the period of differential exposure were in-utero or in the first years of life, and ii) those who during the period of differential exposure were transitioning from primary to secondary school. Results for the early childhood cohort, 18-20-year-old at endline, shows that differential exposure to Progresa during the early years led to positive impacts on educational attainment and labor income expectations. This constitutes unique long-term evidence on the returns of an at-scale intervention on investments in human capital during the first 1000 days of life. Results for the school cohort - in their early 30s at endline - show that the short-term impacts of differential exposure to Progresa on schooling were sustained in the long-run and manifested themselves in larger labor incomes, more geographical mobility including through international migration, and later family formation.
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Grimaldi, Daniel, Oscar A. Mitnik, and Beatrice Aline Zimmermann. Infrastructures Imprint: Metro Proximity and Property Development Dynamics in São Paulo, Brazil. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0013183.
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How does the proximity to a metro station affect urban development in Latin America? While the literature assessing the causal impacts of transportation infrastructure has grown in recent years, only a few papers have focused on the effects of metro systems in the Latin America and the Caribbean region, and identifying the precise impacts of such investments is far from straightforward. We apply a Synthetic Difference-in-Differences (SDiD) approach to estimate the effects of the expansion of Line 5 of the São Paulo metro system in Brazil on land use and property features. Our results show positive impacts on constructed area, with a treatment effect that is half the magnitude of the average constructed area in untreated units in the pre-treatment period. Additionally, our findings indicate an increase in the number of properties around the stations, with a shift in property composition towards more commercial units. We also find a strong anticipation effect associated with the new metro infrastructure and dynamic impacts after the opening of the first metro station, with effects that increase over time.
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Navarro, Adoracion. The Evolution of Reforms and the State of Competition in Public Procurement in the Philippines. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62986/dp2023.48.
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In the literature on Philippine public procurement, knowledge gaps exist in terms of coverage of the period of reform implementation and the scope of reform application. This study helps close these gaps by analyzing Philippine public procurement history up to the years of application of the 2016 implementing rules and regulations of the General Procurement Act and using data for the usual three procurement categories: civil works, consulting services, and goods procurement. It also suggests a logit model of procurement specifically for the Philippines, given the available data in the Philippine Government Electronic Procurement System (PhilGEPS). The study finds that persistent issues include delays in procurement, non-conformance with procedures, poor bid design and evaluation, weak capacity to implement procurement procedures, and corruption. It also describes new challenges, such as the use of digital payments and the promotion of innovations. Running the logit model using PhilGEPS data, the study finds a general tendency toward weaker competition despite the 2016 reforms. The study then offers recommendations to improve the PhilGEPS, minimize corruption, improve procurement capacity, and address emerging challenges. It also recommends future areas of research, namely, procurement policies outside the GPRA, bid rigging, red flags of corruption, and procurement of scientific, scholarly, or artistic work.
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Blanco, Roberto, Miguel García-Posada, Sergio Mayordomo, and María Rodríguez-Moreno. Access to credit and firm survival during a crisis: the case of zero-bank-debt firms. Banco de España, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/36752.
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We study the access to credit and the propensity to exit the market of firms with no bank debt (the main funding source of Spanish non-listed firms) around the COVID-19 crisis. Our methodology allows us to disentangle credit supply from credit demand, as having no bank debt may be the result of financial constraints or a deliberate strategy. Before the COVID-19 crisis, zero-bank-debt firms, especially risky ones, faced more difficult access to bank loans than firms that had previously held bank debt owing to their lack of credit history. These credit constraints were tightened by the COVID shock, regardless of firms’ risk, arguably because of increased information asymmetries during a period of high macroeconomic uncertainty. Zero-bank-debt firms, even those with a low probability of default, were much more likely to leave the market during the COVID-19 crisis than firms with a history of bank debt. Moreover, granting new credit to zero-bank-debt firms reduced their probability of exit, which suggests a causal relationship between the two aforementioned findings. Beyond the specific setting of the pandemic, this paper adds to the broader literature on a better understanding of supply and demand-side constraints for corporate external funding, as crystalised in zero-debt firms.