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Dillon-Lee, Faith. "No longer on the shelf : the case for self-publication." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/16763.
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This thesis explores the persuasive effects of literature both personally and socially, via the codification of character archetypes in fiction (exemplified here in high fantasy fiction). This thesis firstly explores the manner in which literature can affect individuals' beliefs, and how certain representations of groups (in this case, women) can be inherited and maintained through genre norms, themselves maintained through traditional publishing models and financial concerns. Next, this thesis offers an analysis of self-published novels' responses to the archetypal representations of women within high fantasy, as exemplified in two popular high fantasy works, The Lord of the Rings and A Game of Thrones, and four self-published novels (including the author's own). It then focuses on whether self-publishing allows for the highlighted genre norms to be more easily subverted due to the nature of the new publishing model. It concludes with a discussion on the possibility of a new form of literary understanding, termed by the author 'multiliteraryism'. Building on debates in the field of world literature and multilingualism, multiliteraryism, it is suggested, can offer a new method of understanding multiple voices and representations, absent any denigration in terms of the means of publication.
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Rodriguez, Fernandez Angel. "Analysis and improvement of a publication System : New approaches on Web Applications." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Mathematics and Systems Engineering, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5676.
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<p>The aim of this thesis is the research in modern web development tools to demonstrate in which ways can this raised technologies help to make a real application more user friendly, easy to maintain and extend, and more reliable.</p><p>Some new approaches to Web applications will be presented in comparison with the traditional way, and a real application will be redesigned for including the lasts advances in Web technologies.</p><br>Analysis and improvement of a publication System
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Maculan, Lena. "Researching podcasting in museums : can new broadcasting models of publication make art more accessible?" Thesis, University of Leicester, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/4015.
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During times of continuing growth of digital resources for teaching, learning and research, the key objective of this study is to evaluate the genuine suitability of online publishing tools – podcasting in particular – as a means to make art more accessible. The first part of the thesis addresses the nature of the changes which affect museums today: the rapid digitisation of culture, changes in the way artists produce, museums present and audiences consume art, and finally the challenges and opportunities which arise for museums within a Web 2.0 environment. The analysis of these key contexts in which museums operate today, will build the theoretical basis of the thesis. The second part of the thesis subjected the theories developed in the first part to empirical study. It is structured around three case studies (CS). CS1 investigates why museums have started to do podcasts. Data was generated through a series of interviews with museum professionals. CS 2 investigates user-behaviour. An online survey commissioned by the Ars Electronica Center and conducted by the author sits at the heart of this enquiry into user-behaviour. Using Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as methodology, CS 3 investigates the possible impact upon the relationship between museums and audiences. The main outcomes of this thesis are: a typology of museum podcasts, an insight into user-behaviour and a methodology for assessing the impact of podcasting on the relationship between museums and their audiences. Taken together the data generated brings into focus the real opportunities of podcasting, as a suitable medium for making the museum experience more accessible, engaging and immediate.
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Tromans, Philip. "Advertising America : the printing, publication, and promotion of English New World books, 1553-1600." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/12484.
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This thesis explores how the paratexts to and physical features of English Tudor books about the New World presented the books’ content to their original readers. The contribution this thesis makes to knowledge is threefold. First, the field of study of English travel and colonial literature lacks a bibliographically informed account of how the books’ constitutive elements of type and paper affect meaning. Widespread use of modern editions of the few accessible texts effaces the originals’ rich aesthetic, structural and tactile forms and fails to comprehensively historicise the production and intentions of the books. The careful, contextualised examinations of typefounts and composition included in this thesis go beyond what has been previously done and suggest agendas for further, necessary and illuminating bibliographical work. Second, the thesis presents the first comprehensively investigative survey of how the paratextual elements of the books marketed the New World to Tudor England. It goes beyond John Parker’s fifty-year-old _Books to Build an Empire_ (1965) by considering the full range of forty-three editions’ paratextual apparatus, not just prefaces, proems and dedications. It is simultaneously a counterbalance to the narrow focus on Richard Hakluyt’s anthological _Principal Navigations_ (1598-1600). The thesis begins the much-needed recovery of the conceptual and publication histories of both the constitutive texts reprinted in _Principal Navigations_ and those not included in Hakluyt’s anthology that are nontheless relevant to the history of the genre. Third, this survey that challenges a still powerful teleology: that the publications were unequivocally books to build an empire. Many of these books were in fact marketed as recreational reads. As the paratextual, structural and material features of many of the books this thesis looks at are under-explored and under-reported, close examination of multiple exemplars was necessary to ensure that this thesis is a representative and reliable record of the marketing strategies used to promote Tudor books about America.
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Stefan, Catalin. "New journal for the promotion of Vietnamese environmental research." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-88127.
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The Vietnamese science and high education system plays a major role in the country’s social and economical development. Due to a mixed influence of international education systems, the contribution of the Vietnamese research to the international scientific landscape is still modest. Over the past decades, the most scientific programmes focused mostly on rather theoretical sciences and less on applied sciences. The results are reflected by a rather low rate of international publications on experimental science. Together with the country’s efforts on the efficient use of natural resources, there is an urgent demand for strengthening the scientific activity on environmental sciences. The new Journal of Vietnamese Environment was created to respond to the increasing interest in environmental research. The journal was founded as part of an academic network initiated by the Dresden University of Technology in the framework of Vietnamese-German cooperation programs on training and education. With multidisciplinary fields of interest and several types of manuscripts, the journal has a predominant academic character, the submission of manuscripts is open to students, graduates, researchers and staff members of research and academic institutions, as well as to any individual willing to disseminate the knowledge about the management of Vietnamese environment<br>Hệ thống khoa học và giáo dục đại học Việt Nam đóng vai trò quan trọng trong sự phát triển kinh tế và xã hội của đất nước. Trong xu hướng giao thoa mạnh mẽ giữa các hệ thống giáo dục quốc tế, đóng góp của các nhà nghiên cứu ở Việt Nam cho cộng đồng khoa học quốc tế còn khiêm tốn. Trong những thập niên qua, hầu hết các hoạt động khoa học tập trung vào khoa học lý thuyết hơn là các lĩnh vực khoa học ứng dụng. Điều này đã được phản ánh qua tỷ lệ khá thấp các ấn phẩm quốc tế về khoa học thực nghiệm. Cùng với những nỗ lực của đất nước để sử dụng hiệu quả các nguồn tài nguyên thiên nhiên, một nhu cầu cấp bách đặt ra là tăng cường các hoạt động nghiên cứu về khoa học môi trường. Tạp chí Môi trường Việt Nam ra đời nhằm hưởng ứng sự quan tâm ngày một gia tăng trong nghiên cứu môi trường. Tạp chí được thành lập như một phần của mạng lưới học thuật được đề xuất bởi Trường Đại học Tổng hợp Kỹ Thuật Dresden trong khuôn khổ chương trình hợp tác Việt Nam - CHLB Đức về đào tạo và giáo dục. Với mối quan tâm đa ngành và đa dạng trong ấn phẩm, tạp chí chủ yếu mang tính học thuật, cơ hội gửi đăng bài viết mở rộng cho cả sinh viên, kỹ sư / cử nhân, nghiên cứu viên và các thành viên của Viện nghiên cứu và giáo dục, các cá nhân có mong muốn phổ biến kiến thức về quản lý môi trường ở Việt Nam
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Cunningham, Caitlin Ann. ""Unfit for publication" : rape, assault, and assault with intent in colonial Aotearoa New Zealand, 1842-1872." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/50263.
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In Aotearoa New Zealand between 1842 and 1872 British colonial judges, juries, and reporters expressed their particular understandings of what constituted “rape” in the contexts of Supreme Court trials. Both white and Maori women encountered scepticism in court and a share of the responsibility for provoking the crimes carried out against them, although Maori women faced particular vilification. While judges frequently declared their strong aversion to the crime of sexual assault, they rarely backed their rhetoric up with strict sentencing practices, even when the male perpetrators were Maori. As a result, an important distinction arose between hypothetical scenarios of rape, characterized by judges and the press as egregious, and real life cases, which rarely met the high standards of rape according to definitions recorded in the press. Through the primary use of newspaper reports on Supreme Court trials contained in the Papers Past database, this thesis explores the contours of these hegemonic definitions of sexual violence in a formative moment of British colonization efforts in New Zealand. It traces the struggle between British masculinity and Maori resistance efforts, and how this struggle played out in heterosexual rape trials tried according to British colonial law. While Maori tribes successfully resisted the British colonial take-over of both their cultural autonomy and land, the British responded by softening the boundaries of race and strengthening the bond of masculine power. In this moment, rape became a symbol of both social chaos through a failure of controlled Victorian masculinity, and representative of men’s nearly limitless access to women’s bodies.<br>Arts, Faculty of<br>History, Department of<br>Graduate
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Jain, Namrata. "Non-viral gene delivery vectors based on new unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/JAIN_Namrata_2010.pdf.
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Le succès de la thérapie génique repose sur la découverte de nouveaux et efficaces vecteurs de gènes. Les vecteurs non-viraux présentent un intérêt certain, car ils peuvent délivrer du matériel génétique en grande quantité et sont faiblement immunogéniques. Dans ce contexte, des molécules bolaamphiphiles dissymétriques (bolas) portant deux têtes polaires hydrophiles différentes reliées par un espaceur hydrophobe peuvent s’avérer être une alternative intéressante, car ils peuvent former des nano-structures supramoléculaires bien définies (nano-vésicules ou nanotubes) et plus stables que celles formées par des lipides. Le but du présent travail fût donc de développer de nouveaux vecteurs de transfection basés sur des bolas à même de former de telles nano-structures pouvant héberger une molécule d’ADN et exposer à leur surface externe des ligands neutres. Dans ce but, plusieurs types de bolas, portant des groupements cationiques et neutres reliés par un espaceur hydrophobe, ont été obtenus par synthèse organique multi-étapes. Leur caractérisation par différentes techniques démontre que la nature aussi bien des têtes polaires que de l’espaceur hydrophobe conditionne l’auto-assemblage des bolas, leur interaction avec l’ADN et la morphologie des complexes obtenus (bolaplexes). Les deux premières générations de bolas n’ont pas présentés les caractéristiques essentielles de bons vecteurs non-viraux. La troisième génération, au contraire, est apparue très prometteuse. Celle-ci montre une forte interaction avec l’ADN, la formation de bolaplexes de petites tailles et une bonne efficacité de transfection pour plusieurs lignées cellulaires. L’augmentation de l’efficacité de transfection en présence de DOPE ou de chloroquine suggère que l’étape essentielle pouvant limiter leur internalisation pourrait être leur fusion avec la membrane ou leur sortie des endosomes. Certaines formulations de bolaplexes présentent une efficacité comparable aux meilleurs agents de transfection commerciaux. Le présent travail introduit donc une nouvelle classe d’agents de transfection efficaces sur la base de bolaamphiphiles dissymétriques<br>The success in gene therapy relies strongly on new efficient gene delivery vectors. Non-viral vectors are highly attractive, since they can deliver large quantities of genetic information and are low immunogenic. In this respect, unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles (bolas) bearing two different hydrophilic head-groups connected by a hydrophobic spacer could be an attractive alternative for vector design, as they can form well-defined supramolecular nanostructures (nanovesicles and nanotubes) that are more stable than those formed with lipids. The aim of the present work was to develop new gene delivery vectors based on bolas capable to form such nanostructures hosting a DNA molecule and exposing at their external surface neutral ligands. For this purpose, a variety of bolas, bearing cationic and neutral groups connected by a hydrophobic spacer, were obtained by multi-step organic synthesis. Their characterization by different instrumental techniques suggested that the nature of the head groups as well as the hydrophobic spacer defines the bola self-assembly, their interaction with DNA and the morphology of their complexes (bolaplexes). While the first two generations of bolas lack the essential features of nonviral vectors, the final third generation was found highly promising. The latter showed a strong interaction with DNA, the formation of small bolaplexes and good transfection efficiency in different cell lines. The increase in transfection efficiency in presence of DOPE or chloroquine suggested that the key barrier for their internalization could be the lipid fusion and the endosomal escape. Some bolaplex formulations showed a transfection efficiency comparable to the best commercial transfection agents. Thus, the present work introduces a new class of efficient transfection agents based on unsymmetrical bolaamphiphiles
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Slezak, Michal. "New transgenic mouse models for astrocyte-specific, inducible somatic mutagenesis." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/SLEZAK_Michal_2007.pdf.
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Les astrocytes, qui représentent la population cellulaire majoritaire dans le système nerveux central, jouent un rôle dans la synaptogénèse, la transmission synaptique, les processus homéostatiques et développementaux. Malheureusement, la plupart des données concernant les astrocytes proviennent d’études in vitro. Mon projet a donc consisté à générer de nouvelles lignées de souris transgéniques permettant d’induire spécifiquement dans les astrocytes des manipulations géniques. Ces lignées transgéniques expriment la Cre ERT2 recombinase sous le contrôle de promoteurs astrocytaires (ApoE, Aqp4, Cx30 et Glast). Alors que les lignées Tg(ApoE-CreERT2) et Tg(Aqp4-CreERT2) presentent un faible taux de recombinaison médiée par la Cre recombinase dans le cervau, les lignées Tg(Cx30-Cre ERT2) et Tg(Glast-CreERT2) ont-elles un fort taux de recombinaison. Comme la recombinaison a lieu spécifiquement dans les astrocytes, ces deux lignées pourront servir d’outil de pointe afin de mieux cerner le rôle des astrocytes in vivo<br>Astrocytes, being the most numerous cell population in the central nervous system play a role in synaptogenesis, synaptic transmission, homeostatic processes and development. Unfortunately, most of the data concerning astrocytes comes from in vitro studies. Therefore in my project I have generated new transgenic mouse lines enabling inducible gene manipulation specifically in astrocytes. In these lines tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ERT2 recombinase is expressed under the control of astrocyte-specific promoters: ApoE, Aqp4, Cx30 and Glast). Whereas in lines Tg(ApoE-Cre ERT2) and Tg(Aqp4-Cre ERT2) the level of Cre-mediated recombination is low in the brain, the strong Cre activity was detected in Tg(Cx30-Cre-ERT2) and Tg(GLAST-Cre ERT2) lines. Since the recombination was shown to be astrocyte-specific, the latter two lines shall serve for better understanding the role of astrocytes in vivo
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Ramezanzadeh, Ahmad. "Performance analysis and development of new models for performance prediction of hard rock TBMs in rock mass." Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0049/these.pdf.
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In this study is an attempt was made to improve our understanding of rock cutting process by hard rock Tunnel Boring Machines (TBM) and evaluate the impacts of rock mass properties on machine performance. To achieve these objectives, an extensive database on filed observations of TBM performance in various projects and rock mass conditions data has been established. This database includes the data from 10 different job sites with more 60 km of total length of bored tunnels. A set of new empirical performance prediction models have been developed with reasonably high degree of correlations by performing a series of multiple regression analysis. Also a new Rock Mass Adjustment factors for Colorado School of Mines (CSM) prognosis model has been de-rived from the statistical analysis. The accuracy of developed models and adjustment factors has been verified by comparing the observed data with estimations provided by NTNU and CSM models. A very close agreement has been obtained<br>Cette étude a pour but l’amélioration de la compréhension des mécanismes de coupe par des tunneliers pour roches dures et l’évaluation de l’impact des propriétés des massifs rocheux sur les performances de la machine. Pour cela, une base de données a été constituée, contenant les informations de performance de tunnelier mesurées sur différents chantiers avec différentes conditions de massif. Cette base de données contient d’information de 10 chantiers différents sur une longueur totale de 60 km. Des modèles de prédiction de performance empiriques ont été développés avec un degré de corrélation raisonnable en appliquant d’analyse régression multiple. Un nouveau facteur d’ajustement basé sur la fracturation du massif pour le modèle CSM est obtenu. La précision du modèle développé et les facteurs d’ajustement sont vérifiés en comparant les don-nées observées avec les estimations données par les modèles connus (NTNU et CSM). On obtient une bonne concordance des résultats
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Carlton, Tracey S. "Modern Literacy: New Media's Gift to Nonfiction, the Self, and the Community." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1336.
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Integrating new-media nonfiction into secondary-level English provides an efficient and effective resource in teaching modern literacy, which requires an understanding of the participatory element of communication today. Messages can be consumed and created among multimodalities and multimedia. The form and interactivity of a publication can affect its interpretation. Technology extends students' publishing capabilities and their reach to a bounty of discourse communities.This thesis, which is available in conventional hard copy and electronic forms, explores the definitions of New Media and modern literacy, how teachers can adopt the use of New Media nonfiction, and the resources needed to do so. A case study stands as a practical example. The Participatory Element Cone measures a publication's interactivity and sensory stimulation. The thesis is broken into modules, rather than chapters, so that the reader can choose to follow it linearly or to use the paper more as a manual and enter it at any point.
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Schmitt, Katrin. "A new waveguide interferometer for the label free detection of biomolecules." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/SCHMITT_Katrin_2006.pdf.
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The rapid development in life science research requires continually new methods for the analysis of biomolecular interactions. Optical detection systems based on evanescent field sensing for biomolecular binding studies are marked by a fast increase of their applications in fields like diagnostics, health care, screening or assay development. For a successful implementation the optical biosensors need to be highly sensitive, selective and accurate while allowing a wide range of applications. In this thesis a highly sensitive label-free detection method based on the optical principle of a Young interferometer and a description of the design and realization of the system is presented including an experimental characterization and a validation of the biosensor system by application measurements. In chapter 2, the theoretical basis of the propagation of light in planar waveguides and a background of evanescent field sensors is provided as well as calculations concerning the optimization of waveguide sensitivity for the interferometric biosensor proposed in this thesis. One section is devoted to the theoretical basis of interferometry, especially the optical principle of the Young interferometer since the proposed design for the interferometric biosensor is based on the Young configuration. For signal evaluation, algorithms based on Fast Fourier Transform are described and the implementation in the biosensor system proposed along with system principles and relationships and signal filtering methods for noise reduction. Chapter 3 is devoted to theoretical considerations on the biochemistry for waveguide surface functionalization. The kinetic theory of biochemical interactions such as antibody-antigen binding events is described in detail with respect to the evaluation of the application measurements in chapter 5. Furthermore a biochemical background on the application measurement reagents is given. The design of the interferometric biosensor is presented in chapter 4, describing two different readout schemes: a flow-cell system implementing a two-channel flow cell as fluidic element, and a system setup designed for the readout of microtiterplate (MTP)-formatted wellplates. The system components and system designs of the interferometric biosensor and their performance are discussed in detail. From the analysis of system components several conclusions can be made, such as the choice of waveguide chip materials, the light source and the CCD detector. The characteristics of the chosen components influence the final design and setup, leading to an optimal set of parameters for the interferometric biosensor. Further a detailed system characterization by refractometric test measurements is provided including an evaluation of the experimental results compared to theoretical calculations and simulations. Initial refractometric test measurements on the flow-cell system with glycerin show an effective refractive index resolution of ≈ 6. 0 · 10-8, corresponding to a refractive index resolution of ≈ 7. 5 · 10-7 for TE mode and ≈ 2. 7 · 10-7 for TM mode, respectively, at a sampling rate of 1 Hz. It is also found that the CCD sensor is the limiting system component concerning phase noise, whereas the phase noise is approximately equal for all three light sources tested and therefore the light source can be excluded as limiting factor. Signal filtering methods such as average filters are described and analyzed concerning their suitability for phase noise reduction. The experimentally derived sensitivity constants of the interferometer system are in very good accordance with the theoretical values derived from waveguide theory in chapter 2. The flow-cell system shows a good long-term stability with a typical drift of < 1 · 10-6/h in neff. This chapter also presents the system design and describes the realized setup of the interferometric biosensor with an MTP-formatted 8-well frame as fluidic element and newly introduced system components that are different from the flow cell system are discussed. Suitable system components are chosen for an optimal set of design parameters for the interferometric biosensor. The proposed biosensor system is characterized by refractometric test measurements with ethanol solutions and the experimental results are evaluated and compared to theory and the results obtained with the flow cell system. The refractometric test measurements on the microplate system show an effective refractive index resolution of ≈ 1. 0 · 10-7, corresponding to a refractive index resolution of ≈ 1. 2 · 10-6 for TE mode and ≈ 4. 5 · 10-7 for TM mode, respectively, at a sampling rate of 1 Hz. We found that, apart from the CCD sensor being the limiting system component concerning phase noise, the resolution of the microplate system is finally limited by the repeatability of the recorded data values. The experimentally derived sensitivity constants of the microplate interferometer system are also in good accordance with the theoretical values derived from waveguide theory in chapter 2. The system shows a long-term stability with a typical drift of < 5 · 10-5/h in neff and a repeatability of < 2 · 10-7 in neff. Chapter 5 presents a validation of the interferometric biosensor by biological application measurements on both systems and their discussion. In this chapter a detailed description of the materials and methods used for application and test measurements, a characterization of the surface chemistry on the Ta2O5 waveguide chips and finally application measurements on different affinity systems is provided. Differently functionalized surfaces are characterized by contact angle measurements and compared to literature values. Experiments with fluorescently labeled streptavidin allow a detailed characterization of different surface modifications and a direct comparison to measurements with the interferometric biosensor with the aim to find a stable and robust surface functionalization for the immobilization of biotinylated reagents. The immunoassay protein G -IgG is tested on the flow-cell system as well as on the microplate system, yielding affinity rate constants that are in good agreement with values found in literature. Experimental data obtained with the two-channel flow-cell system allow an evaluation of the reaction kinetics, while the microplate system is suited for the parallel detection of several analyte concentrations. Furthermore the direct detection of IgG by immobilized protein A is shown and the affinity rate constants determined. Test measurements with biotinylated cytochrome c on a streptavidin-functionalized surface compared directly to the same assay performed on the commercial biosensor system BIACORE 1000 show the suitability of the developed surface chemistry for the Ta2O5 waveguide chips implemented in the interferometric biosensor. The interferometric biosensor has been successfully used for the detection of the affinity system -NPT IgG -E2-NPT developed at Novartis in Basel. We tested the assay on both the interferometric biosensor (flow-cell system) and the commercial BIACORE 2000 system provided by Novartis. A comparison of the surface chemistries used on both biosensor systems is presented, and a series of measurements to detect the analyte from different sample buffers. We found that the performance of the interferometric biosensor system proposed in this thesis is approximately equal to the BIACORE system with a detection limit for the analyte in the low picomolar range. Measurements in cell lysate as sample matrix show that with the interferometric biosensor the analyte can be detected even out of a complex sample matrix without significant unspecific binding. In chapter 6, conclusions concerning the development of the interferometric biosensor and the results from the experimental characterization and validation are presented. A comparison between the proposed interferometric biosensor and other label-free biosensors is given. The chapter concludes with an outlook concerning further improvements of the resolution and surface chemistry and further possibilities for developments to adapt the sensor design to high throughput applications.
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Taquet, Jean-Philippe. "Development and application of new π-conjugated aminoquinonoid ligands". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/TAQUET_Jean-Philippe_2004.pdf.
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Jessee, Nathan. "Alternative Literacies, Resistance, and Spatial Representations in The Do-It-Yourself (DIY) Culture of Zine Publication in New Orleans." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2010. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1223.
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Zines are small circulation media that amateurs make and distribute. Inspired by both the lack of ethnographic research on the do-it-yourself (DIY) culture of zine-making in urban studies and the growing interest in ethnographically oriented research in literacy studies, rhetoric, and linguistics this research explores the people, places, and practices behind zine publication in New Orleans, Louisiana through participant observation at two specialized loci—the Iron Rail and punk shows—as well as semi-structured interviews with people who make, distribute, and consume zines. This research argues that zine-makers use zines to reinterpret urban space in search of an authentic relationship with the city. They then share these interpretations with others who participate in DIY punk culture. In doing so, zine-makers refuse conventional rules developed for classroom literacy and resist capitalism in their zines' content and in their methods of publishing by both building on local knowledge and opposing corporate media.
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Thomas, Tracey. "A Case Study of BustMagazine: A Publication Provides a “New” Perspective on Womanhood through Alternative Means." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1193086932.
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Meguellati, Kamel. "New supramolecular and fluorogenic chemo-sensors : proof-of-concept and biological applications." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/MEGUELLATI_Kamel_2010.pdf.
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Il existe actuellement un intérêt croissant pour la conception de nouvelles sondes chimiques basées sur des systèmes supramoléculaires qui ont la capacité de reconnaître un métabolite cible avec une grande affinité et spécificité. En réponse à cette interaction, le système subit une rééquilibration se traduisant par un changement des propriétés physiques du milieu. Parmi les sondes chimiques les plus intéressantes, les sondes fluorescentes pour lesquelles le phénomène de reconnaissance moléculaire du métabolite par le capteur s’accompagne d’un changement des propriétés de fluorescence de l’émetteur (longueurs d’onde d’excitation et d’émission) présentent l’avantage d’une très grande sensibilité et d’une grande simplicité de détection du signal. Nous proposons ici de développer un nouveau type de sonde moléculaire fluorescente inspirée des fluorophores de type cyanine dyes couramment utilisés en photographie, en stockage de données optiques ou encore en protéomique. La stratégie générale repose sur la capacité pour deux entités non-fluorescentes de réagir l’une avec l’autre de façon covalente (réversible ou irréversible) pour donner une molécule de type cyanine (ou analogue) fluorescente. Le système est conçu de telle sorte que la formation de la cyanine est thermodynamiquement fortement défavorisée mais peut être fortement amplifiée en présence d’un métabolite capable d’induire le rapprochement des deux entités réactives. Dans le cadre de cette thèse, nous nous sommes ainsi intéressés à la mise en évidence et à l’étude de nouvelles réactions fluorogéniques biocompatibles puis à leurs applications pour la détection de structures ou séquences d’acides nucléiques (ADN) in vitro. [. . . ]<br>Herein, we are reporting the development of original fluorescent and fluorogenic probes which have multiple applications in modern bioresearch. We demonstrate the potential of these systems for sensing nucleic acid structures (e. G. DNA G-quadruplexes, DNA hairpins), nucleic acid sequences (detection of single mutations) and biometabolites (e. G. Malondialdehyde). Most systems rely on the templated synthesis of cyanine dyes (or cyanine dye imino analogues) via either an aldolisation-elimination irreversible reaction or a reversible reaction of imine formation. Of particular interest is the original family of imine-containing cyanine dyes obtained by reaction between a Fisher’s base aldehyde and a 2-amino-benzothiazolium derivative. These compounds are shown to form under reversible conditions compatible with the concept of dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC). We demonstrate that this fluorogenic system is responsive to external stimuli (such as temperature) and we demonstrate its potential use for monitoring reactions within water-in-oil microdroplets. Dynamic cyanine dyes are also described which are obtained from the reversible reaction between two molecules of 2-amino-benzothiazolium derivative and one molecule of malondialdehyde (MDA). We demonstrate that these compounds can serve as prodrugs for the selective alkylation of cytosines in vitro. Further work will be required to demonstrate whether the same strategy can be applied in vivo. We also use TD-DFT calculations to predict the maximum absorption wavelength of these modified cyanine dyes as well as that of the “classical” dyes. A very good correlation between theory and calculation was obtained by introducing a zero-point vibrational energy term. Finally, we show that the retro-Knoevenagel reaction is reversible and suitable for the concept of DCC. We demonstrate the reversibility of this C=C exchange reaction and in the future we plan to use this chemistry for developing new dynamic polymers
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Kermagoret, Anthony. "Synthesis of new iron and nickel complexes : Application in catalytic ethylene oligomerization." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/KERMAGORET_Anthony_2007.pdf.
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Mon travail de thèse porte sur l’étude de la réaction catalytique d’oligomérisation avec des complexes de nickel, fer et cobalt coordinés par des ligands de type N-O, P-N, N-P-N, P-O et P-N-P avec le donneur N représenté par un hétérocycle oxazoline ou pyridine. Ces complexes, activés par des cocatalyseurs MAO ou AlEtCl2, ont montré de fortes activités et une grande sélectivité pour les oléfines C4 en oligomérisation de l’éthylène. Les complexes de nickel à chélates P-N ont montré l’importance des substituants du phosphore sur la sélectivité des oligomères formés. Par ailleurs, les études cristallographiques sur les complexes de nickel coordinés par des ligands type N-O et P-N ont montré la formation de complexes mono-, di- et tétranucléaires. Les complexes de cobalt, fer et palladium avec des ligands N-P-N ont mis en évidence des modes de coordinations originaux de type N-N, P-N ou N-P-N des ligands dépendants des substituants du ligands et du centre métallique<br>My Ph-D thesis concerns the study of the catalytic oligomerization reaction with nickel, iron and cobalt complexes coordinated by N-O, P-N, N-P-N, P-O and P-N-P type ligands with a N donor atom represented by an oxazoline or a pyridine heterocycle. These complexes activated by a cocatalyst such as MAO or AlEtCl2 showed high activities and a high selectivity of C4 olefins in ethylene oligomerization. The nickel complexes with P-N chelates showed a high impact of the P substituents on the oligomerization selectivities. Moreover, the crystallographic studies on nickel complexes coordinated by N-O and P-N type ligands showed the formation of mono-, di- and tetranuclear complexes. The cobalt, iron and palladium complexes with N-P-N ligands highlighted original N-N, P-N or N-P-N coordination modes of the ligands influenced by the ligand substituents and the metal center
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Gaab, Manuela. "Second generation Trisoxazolines : new polydentate and recyclable dendritic ligands for asymmetric catalysis." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/GAAB_Manuela_2009.pdf.
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Le présent travail, axé sur un élargissement et une optimisation des applications des ligands de type tris(oxazolinyl)ethane (trisoxazolines) en catalyse asymétrique « acide de Lewis », présente une panoplie de nouveaux ligands stéréodirecteurs multidentates et porteurs de fonctions capables de permettre d’ultérieurs connexions ou autre greffage (« linkers »). Basé sur la préparation (à l’échelle du gramme) de précurseurs fonctionnalisés de la classe des alcools aminés appropriés, trois dérivés chiraux pentadentates de symétrie C1 et deux dérivés hexadentates de symétrie C3 de la famille des trisoxazolines, incorporant des fonctions (thio)ether, ont pu être synthétisés. Conférant de meilleures stabilités cinétiques envers les métaux labiles comme les lanthanides, ces nouveaux ligands sont alors supposés fournir des applications plus efficaces dans les transformations stéréosélectives. Les bis- et trisoxazolines contenant une fonction alkynyl ont pu être greffées de façon covalente à des supports dendritiques de type carbosilane et le potentiel catalytique des complexes de cuivre(II) de ces nouveaux ligands polydispersés a pu être examiné au travers de l’étude de deux réactions de référence. Pour chacune de ces réactions, les catalyseurs multisites de type bisoxazoline montrent une meilleure sélectivité et plus particulièrement, une activité catalytique supérieure. Cette observation peut être interprétée comme étant due à une gêne dans la décoordination de la troisième unité oxazoline, représentant l’étape clé pour la génération de l’espèce catalytiquement active pour les complexes de cuivre porteurs de ligands trisoxazoline immobilisés. Les catalyseurs dendritiques de seconde génération ont été encapsulés dans des sachets à membranes de dialyse. Ainsi, les réactions catalytiques ont pu être effectuées en immergent ces « sachets catalytiques » dans un récipient contenant une solution de substrat. Les catalyseurs contenant les unités bisoxazoline ont ainsi conduits à de bons résultats reproductibles après plusieurs recyclages, alors que la performance des dendrimères contenant les ligands trisoxazoline diminue de manière monotone au fil des tours catalytiques en raison de leur faible activité, nécessitant alors une augmentation du temps de réaction après chaque cycle. Par conséquence, ceci engendre une perte plus importante du catalyseur<br>In this work, directed towards more efficient and broadened applications of tris(oxazolinyl)ethanes (trisoxazolines) in asymmetric Lewis acid catalysis, a library of new stereodirecting polydentate and linker-functionalised ligands was designed. On the basis of a multigramm-scale access to appropriately functionalised α-amino alcoholprecursors, three C1-chiral pentadentate and two C3-symmetric hexadentate trisoxazoline derivatives, incorporating peripheral (thio)ether functions, were synthesised. Conferring greater kinetic persistence to labile metals such as lanthanides, they are assumed to allow efficient applications in stereoselective transformations. Bis- and trisoxazolines containing an alkynyl unit have been covalently attached to carbosilane dendrimers and the general catalytic potential of their CuII-complexes was assessed by studying two benchmark reactions. For both of them, the bisoxazoline-based multisite catalysts displayed superior selectivity and, in particular, catalyst activity. The latter was interpreted as being due to the hindered decoordination of the third oxazoline unit, the key step in the generation of the active catalyst, in the immobilised trisoxazolinecopper complexes. Second generation dendrimer catalysts were immobilised in dialysis membrane bags, allowing to effect catalytic conversions by dipping them into substrate-filled reaction vessels. The bisoxazoline-based catalysts gave good and reproducible results after several recyclings, whereas the performance of the trisoxazoline dendrimers decreased monotonically due to their low activity, which necessitated an increased reaction time for each cycle. This resulted in higher levels of catalyst leaching<br>Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde, mit dem Ziel Tris(oxazolinyl)ethanderivate (Trisoxazoline) in der asymmetrischen Lewissäure-Katalyse effizienter und breiter anzuwenden, eine Serie neuer polydentater und Linker-funktionalisierter Steuerliganden synthetisiert. Basierend auf einem Zugang zu entsprechend funktionalisierten α-Aminoalkoholvorstufen im Multigramm-Maßstab wurden drei C1-chirale pentadentate und zwei C3-symmetrische hexadentate Trisoxazolinderivate mit peripheren (Thio)etherfunktionen synthetisiert. Diese tragen im Prinzip zur kinetischen Stabilisierung labiler Metalle, z. B. Der Lanthanoiden, bei und ermöglichen so deren effiziente Anwendung in stereoselektiven Reaktionen. Nach der kovalenten Trägerung Alkinyl-funktionalisierter Bis- und Trisoxazoline an Carbosilandenrimeren wurde das katalytische Potential ihrer CuII-Komplexe in zwei Benchmarkreaktionen abgeschätzt. Bisoxazolin-basierte Vielzentrenkatalysatoren erzielten mit beiden Systemen höhere Selektivitäten und insbesondere Aktivitäten als ihre Trisoxazolinanaloga. Dies wurde auf die gehinderte Dekoordination des dritten Oxazolins, dem Schlüsselschritt bei der Ausbildung des aktiven Katalysators im Falle der immobilisierten Trisoxazolin-Kupferkomplexe, zurückgeführt. Dendritische Katalysatoren der zweiten Generation wurden in einer Dialysemembran immobilisiert, um durch Eintauchen der resultierenden Beutel in mit Substrat befüllte Reaktionsgefäße katalytische Umsetzungen durchzuführen. Dabei erzielten die Bisoxazolinbasierten Katalysatoren über mehrere Läufe gute, reproduzierbare Werte, während jene der Trisoxazolindendrimere monoton abnahmen. Dies ließ sich auf ihre geringe Aktivität, die damit verbundenen längeren Reaktionszeiten und die erhöhten Katalysatorverluste durch Leaching zurückführen
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Ballesteros, Garrido Rafael. "Synthesis of new Triazolopyridine and Triazoloquinoline based ligands and application as fluorescence sensors." Strasbourg, 2009. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2009/BALLESTEROS_GARRIDO_Rafael_2009.pdf.
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Les travaux présents dans ce manuscrit concernent la chimie des triazolopyridines et des triazoloquinoléines. Dans une première partie nous avons préparé les premières triazolopyridines chirales ainsi que de pyridines 2,6-disubstituées. Nous avons appliqué la méthode de la sulfoxydation catalytique vers de substrats hétéro aromatiques. La chimie de la triazoloquinoléine a été révisée pour nous donner un nouvel accès à des quinoléines 2,8-disubstituées. Nous avons étudié l’isomérisation du système triazoloquinoléine-pyridine et nous l’avons employé pour obtenir des composés très fluorescents capables de Les études réalisées on aussi permit d’évaluer les propriétés électroniques des phosphines grâce à l’isomérisation de la triazolopyridine-pyridine. En préparant une nouvelle famille de phosphines avec des triazolopyridines, nous avons pu aussi observer les effets rotationnels associés à la position du doublet du phosphore par spectroscopie de 13C-RMN. Finalement, nous avons synthétisé grâce à l’isomérisation de triazolopyridines une grande famille de ligands tridentés fluorescents qui ont été évalués comme capteurs. Certains de ces composés se sont montrés d’excellents capteurs de zinc, cuivre ou des anions et acides aminés. Pour finir, nous avons été capables de reconnaitre la chiralité de l’acide glutamique à l’aide d’un complexe avec une de nos structures, un atome de zinc et une molécule d’histidine come inducteur de chiralité<br>The present PhD manuscript concerns the chemistry of triazolopyridines and triazoloquinolines. We have synthesized the first chiral triazolopyridines opening an easy access to 2,6-disubstituted chiral pyridines. We have also extended a methodology of palladium catalysed sulfenation to different heterocyclic aromatic compounds. Secondly, by restudying the chemistry of the [1,2,3]triazolo[1,5-a]quinoline we have proposed a new access to 2,8-disubstitued quinolines. The ring chain isomerisation of the triazoloquinoline-pyridine system has been studied and we have used this isomerisation to obtain high fluorescent structures able to recognize copper. In the course of our studies we have employed the properties of triazolopyridines to quantify the electronic profile of phosphines as well as to prepare a new generation of triazolopyridine-phosphine based ligands for catalysis. The analysis of these structures has allowed us to observe the special properties associated to the phosphorus lone pair in the electronic profile and also in the 13C-NMR-spectra. Finally, we have been able to prepare many different fluorescence receptors, and we have studied them, some of these compounds have revealed as excellent zinc sensors, as well as for some anions and as for amino acids. Finally, we have been able to perform chiral recognition employing a zinc complex based on our fluorophor and L-histidine as chiral compound
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Debaene, François. "Small molecule microarray : New tool to profile enzymatic activity on a proteomic scale." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2007. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2007/DEBAENE_Francois_2007.pdf.
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Les micropuces sont devenues incontournables pour la recherche post-génomique en permettant de cribler plusieurs milliers de composés dans quelques microlitres. Plusieurs stratégies ont été développées pour immobiliser sur ce format des petites molécules ou des anticorps pour la recherche de médicaments ou comme diagnostique. L’encodage de chimiothèque de petites molécules par des ‘Peptid Nucleic Acid‘ (PNA), possible par synthèse combinatoire (split and mix), permet d’organiser des micropuces par auto-assemblage des sondes sur ce support et de cribler ainsi l’activité enzymatique sans a priori à partir de mélange complexe tel que des lysats cellulaire. Nous avons développé la chimie peptidique et des PNA pour synthétiser et cribler 3 générations de chimiothèques d’inhibiteurs encodé par des PNA. Ces chimiothèques présentent 625 ou 4000 inhibiteurs basés sur le mécanisme d’action de protéases, étiqueté par une séquence unique de PNA encodant la structure d’un inhibiteur tetrapeptidiques ainsi que sa localisation spécifique sur une micropuce. De gros efforts portés sur l’optimisation du dépôt sur micropuce, la détection du signal et les conditions d’hybridation ont rendu cette stratégie suffisamment sensible et spécifique pour quantifier l’activité enzymatique et pour identifier des spécificités de substrats. Cette technique a été utilisée pour profiler l’activité enzymatique d’extrait allergisant d’acariens et pour détecter des spécificités de substrats d’enzymes purifiés. Les inhibiteurs identifiés sont assez spécifique pour distinguer l’activité d’enzymes proches d’une même famille et les enzymes cibles de ces inhibiteurs peuvent être identifiés par colonne d’affinité couplé à la spectrométrie de masse. De plus, les inhibiteurs identifiés permettent de bloquer l’activité d’un enzyme et d’évaluer sa relation avec un phénotype. Cette stratégie est actuellement la seule méthode fonctionnelle miniaturisée permettant de profiler l’activité enzymatique avec des inhibiteurs<br>Microarray has become an indispensable technology in postgenomic research area and allows for high throughput screening of several thousand analytes in few microliters. Several strategies have been developed to immobilize small molecules or antibodies on this format for drug discovery or for diagnostic tool. The peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-encoded small molecule library strategy allows for combinatorial libraries synthesize in a split and mix format to be organized into microarray by a self-sorting assembly. This methodology enables enzyme activity screening without a priori knowledge of the target in complex mixture such as crude cell lysates. Peptide and PNA chemistries were developed to synthesize and screen on a microarray format 3 generations of PNA-encoded inhibitor libraries targeting several protease families. Those libraries are presenting 625 to 4000 mechanism based inhibitors individually labelled with a PNA sequences that encodes the structure of a tetrapeptide inhibitor and its specific localisation onto a microarray. Substantial efforts on optimizing microarray spotting as well as signal detection and hybridization conditions presented in this thesis gives to PNA-encoded strategy a sensitive and specific format to quantify enzymatic activities and identify substrate specificities. The PNA-encoded strategy has been used to profiling enzyme activity from allergenic dustmite extract as well as to detect substrate specificities of purified enzyme samples. Identified inhibitors showed to be specific enough to decipher closely related activities of enzyme from the same family, and on the other hand, to identify the inhibitor’s target enzyme by affinity column coupled to mass spectrometry. Finally, identified inhibitors can be used to knock down the activity of an enzyme and evaluate its correlation to a phenotype. This strategy is to date the only functional methodology that enable to profile enzyme activity with inhibitors in a miniaturized format
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Angelone, Tommaso. "The Emerging role of vasostatins and hippocampal cholinergic neurostimulating peptide : New putative antiadrenergic factors." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/ANGELONE_Tommaso_2005.pdf.
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Lanoye, Reinhilde. "Assessment of the absorption performance of sound absorbing materials : use of the Trefftz's method and of a new dual particle velocity-pressure sensor." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0031/these.pdf.
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Porous absorbing materials are applied in various fields of sound and noise control. The presented work wants to deliver a numerical simulation tool to predict the acoustical behavior of geometrically complex sound absorbing media under various excitations. To achieve this goal, a deterministic method, which is based on the indirect Trefftz's method and which makes use of solution functions of the governing equations to describe the field variables int he region of interest, is extented to analyze the sound field in and above porous absorbers. The model is experimentally validated and used to analyze the sound field in some real-life configurations. Afterwards, an initial impetus is given towards the further analysis of the absorption performance of various kinds of patchworks under different angles of sound incidence and the study of sound propagation over impedance jumps, with the aid of a model applicable to unbounded problems. Besides the development of the simulation tool, a new dual particle velocity-pressure measurement technique is presented<br>Les matériaux poreux absorbants constituent une solution avantageuse pour contrôler la qualité du son dans un espace. Le travail présenté propose un outil numérique de simulation en état de prévoir le comportement acoustique des matériaux absorbants géométriquement complexes sous des excitations diverses. Dans ce but, une méthode déterministe est développée pour analyser le champ sonore dans et au-dessus des poreux. La méthode est basée sur la méthode indirecte de Trefftz et se sert de fonctions qui vérifient les équations du problème pour décrire les variables dans la région d'intérêt. Le modèle est expérimentalement validé et employé pour analyser le champ sonore dans quelques configurations réelles. Ensuite, une première impulsion est donnée vers l'analyse du comportement absorbant de matériaux de genres divers à plusieurs angles d'incidence et vers l'étude de la propagation du son proche d'un changement brusque d'impédance, à l'aide d'un modèle applicable aux problèmes infinis. Après le développement de l'outil de simulation, un nouveau capteur mixte de vitesse particulaire et de pression est présenté
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Kuhn, Pierre. "Modulation of electronical and sterical properties of new chelating phosphines : Applications in ethylene oligomerisation and polymerisation." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/KUHN_Pierre_2006.pdf.
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Jie, Suyun. "Synthesis of new transition metal complexes and applications for the catalytic ethylene oligomerization and /or polymerization." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/JIE_Suyun_2008.pdf.
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Les polyoléfines représentent environ la moitié du marché des polymères de synthèse. L'oligomérisation catalytique de l'éthylène représente l'accès principal aux α-oléfines linéaires qui sont utilisées pour la préparation de lubrifiants, de détergents, de surfactants, de plastifiants et comme comonomères dans la fabrication de polyéthylène linéaire basse density (LLDPE). Ce travail a porté sur la synthèse de ligands tridentates 2-imino-1,10-phénanthroline et 2-imino-9-phényl-1,10-phénanthroline et de leurs complexes du fer, du cobalt et du nickel dont certains sont très actifs en oligomérisation de l'éthylène. Les paramètres électroniques et stériques qui influencent les résultats catalytiques ont été examinés en détail. Par ailleurs, des complexes mono- and dinucléaires du cobalt avec des ligands bidentes phosphino- et phosphinito-oxazoline ont été synthétisés au cours de cette thèse. Ils ont montré une activité catalytique modérée en présence de MAO ou AlEtCl2 comme cocatalyseur<br>Polyolefins represent about half the market of the synthesized polymeric materials. The catalytic oligomerization of ethylene is currently the primary source of linear α-olefins which are extensively used for the preparation of synthetic lubricants, detergent intermediates, surfactants, plasticizers and as comonomers to synthesize linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). This work deals with the synthesis of 2-imino-1,10-phenanthroline and 2-imino-9-phenyl-1,10-phenanthroline tridentate ligand and of their iron, cobalt and nickel complexes of which some are very active in the catalytic ethylene oligomerization. Stereoelectronic parameters influencing the catalytic properties have been examined in detail. Furthermore, mono- and dinuclear cobalt complexes with phosphino- and phosphinito-oxazoline ligands have been prepared in the course of this thesis. They have shown moderate catalytic activity in the presence of MAO or AlEtCl2 as cocatalyst
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Notar, Francesco Irène. "New methodologies in organometallic chemistry : application to the synthesis of mandelate derivatives, propargylic alcohols and P-chirogenic phosphinamides." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/NOTAR_FRANCESCO_Irene_2010.pdf.
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Au cours des dernières décennies, la chimie et la catalyse organométallique ont très largement contribué aux progrès de la chimie organique moderne, par l’apport de nouvelles méthodes synthétiques qui ont capturé l’intérêt des milieux académiques et industriels. Le travail présenté se compose de trois différentes parties chacune dédiée à une réaction différente dans le cadre de la chimie organométallique et qui a permis la synthèse d’importants motifs moléculaires tels que esters mandéliques, alcools propargyliques et phosphinamides P-chirogéniques. Dans la première partie on a présenté une nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse racémique et stéréosélective de dérivés de l’acide mandélique par couplage pallado-catalysé entre un acide boronique aromatique et plusieurs esters glyoxyliques. La seconde partie est consacrée à l’addition d’alkynylborates de lithium sur des aldéhydes dans le cadre d’une approche chimiosélective vers la synthèse d’alcools propargyliques hautement fonctionnalisés. Dans la dernière partie du manuscrit nous avons présenté la synthèse de nouvelles N-phosphinoylimines P-chirogéniques ou chirales par la présence d’une agrafe chirale dérivée du TADDOL. L’évaluation de la diastéréosélectivité issue du groupement chirale adjacent à la double liaison C,N a été effectué sur la base de la réaction d’addition 1,2 d’organomagnésiens<br>Over the last decades, organometallic chemistry and catalysis contributed to the progress of modern organic chemistry, affording new synthetic methods used not only for the synthesis in laboratory, but also in industry. The presented work deals with three different organometallic reactions leading to key molecular motifs: mandelic esters, propargylic alcohols and phosphinoyl amides. In the first part we have thus presented the cross coupling reaction between aromatic boronic acids and ethyl glyoxylate as a catalytic approach to alpha-hydroxy esters. We also discussed the results obtained with enantio- and diastereoselective strategies. The second part treats the addition of lithium alkynylborates, as a truly original and chemoselective approach toward the synthesis of highly functionalized propargyl alcohols. In the last part of the manuscript we have introduced the synthesis of new P-chirogenic or chiral for the inducer derived from TADDOL directly linked to the P atom, N-phosphinoyl imines. The evaluation of the diastereoselectivity derived from the chiral inducer close to the C, N double bond have been done by the 1,2 addition of organometallic reagents
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Perrone, Barbara. "New methodologies of solid state NMR and biophysical studies of antimicrobial and designed peptides in model and natural membranes." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/PERRONE_Barbara_2011.pdf.
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La spectroscopie de Résonance Magnétique Nucléaire des solides est un outil puissant pour l’étude structurale des peptides membranaires. L'angle d'inclinaison par rapport à la membrane de peptides structurés en hélice peut être obtenu par l’analyse des spectres de poudre provenant de systèmes non-orientés par rapport au champ magnétique statique. Cette approche permet un meilleur contrôle sur plusieurs paramètres par rapport aux systèmes orientés. Cependant, les spectres de poudre de ces systèmes présentent d’importantes distorsions à proximité du déplacement chimique isotrope (Magic Angle Hole, MAH) qui empêchent d'atteindre une qualité satisfaisante des paramètres RMN mesurés. Dans ce travail de thèse nous avons développé une nouvelle méthode qui récupère la forme théorique des spectres de poudre : l’expérience RODEO (ROtor-Directed Exchange of Orientations). La méthode a été appliquée avec succès à des peptides insérés dans des membranes models. Enfin nous avons appliquée l’expérience RODEO à un mélange de lipides extraits de membranes naturelles, et, pour la première fois, in vivo, dans des bactéries Escherichia coli. Dans la deuxième partie de ce travail, nous rapportons des résultats inattendus sur le mécanisme d'insertion du peptide antimicrobien LAH4. Il a été précédemment montré que l'hélice LAH4 est orientée parallèlement à la surface de la membrane dans des conditions acides, tandis que, à pH neutre, le peptide adopte une orientation trans-membranaire. En revanche, nous avons constaté que lorsque le tampon citrate est ajouté pour réguler le pH à 5, le peptide s’insère de manière transmembranaire. Quelques explications possibles sont proposées<br>Solid-state NMR (SS-NMR) spectroscopy is a powerful tool to investigate structural details of membrane-associated peptides. In particular, the tilt angle of helical peptides reconstituted in non-oriented membranes can be derived by line-shape analysis of ^{15}N powder patterns. This approach allow a better control on several parameters with respect oriented SS-NMR spectroscopy. The spectra of peptides undergoing to fast uniaxial rotation diffusion around the membrane normal are characterized by distortions close to the isotropic chemical shift (Magic Angle Hole, MAH) that prevent to reach a satisfying fit quality. We developed a method that recovers the theoretical powder pattern line-shape based on ROtor-Directed Exchange of Orientations Cross-Polarization (RODEO). The method was successfully applied to designed peptides in unoriented membranes resulting in tilt angles values in agreement with published data. RODEO was applied also to complex membrane systems, such as lipid mixture extracted from natural membranes, and, for the first time, we obtained an estimation of the alignment of an antimicrobial peptide in vivo. In the second part of this work, we report some unexpected results of biophysical investigations conducted to elucidate the insertion mechanism of the antimicrobial peptide LAH4 in zwitterionic membranes. It was previously shown that the LAH4-helix adopts an in-plane orientation in acidic conditions, while, at neutral pH, the peptide adopts a trans-membrane orientation. In contrast, we found that when citrate buffer is added to regulate the pH at 5, the peptide inserts in a transmembrane manner. Some possible explanations are suggested
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Tapia, Padilla Gabriela. "Modeling and optimization of biological mitigation processes in porous matrices contaminated by pesticides : towards a new functionality of stormwater basins." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/TAPIA_PADILLA_Gabriela_2010.pdf.
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Le travail de cette thèse aborde le développement d’un modèle de simulation numérique afin de mieux appréhender le devenir des pesticides au sein d’un massif poreux constituant une zone humide artificielle. Il représente une contribution dans le champs des méthodes numériques employées pour la simulation des écoulements d’eaux et du transport réactif des polluants dans les milieux poreux à saturation variable. L’originalité est l’application des éléments finis mixtes hybrides tant pour simuler l’hydrodynamique que pour le transport. Différents modèles cinétiques de biodégradation des pesticides sont également implémentés. La classification ascendante hiérarchique d'un groupe de 15 paramètres indicateurs de temps et d'erreur est proposée pour la sélection du modèle hydrodynamique le plus approprié selon les conditions initiales et aux limites à simuler. Après vérification du modèle développé, l’application a eu pour cadre l’un des sites expérimentaux du projet européen ARTWET (LIFE06 ENV/F/000133), le bassin d’orage du Waldweg à Rouffach, France. L'optimisation de la conception du bassin d’orage est effectuée par la construction d’une zone humide artificielle à écoulement horizontal. Des expériences de traçage numérique permettent de simuler plusieurs scénarios de fonctionnement hydraulique. Les effets induits par une hétérogénéité d’adsorption dans le milieu sont analysés. Une équation empirique et la définition des choix opérationnels permettent l’évaluation et l’optimisation de la capacité de stockage ainsi que de la distribution des temps de séjour. Une gestion hydraulique est finalement suggérée en relation avec les temps de rétention et de dégradation des pesticides<br>This thesis work addresses the development of a numerical simulation model for a better understanding of the processes governing the fate of pesticides within a porous medium that constitutes an artificial wetland. It represents a contribution to the numerical methods dedicated to the simulation of water flow and reactive transport of pollutants in variably saturated media. The originality here is to simulate both flow and transport with the application of the mixed hybrid finite element method. Different pesticide biodegradation kinetic models have been also implemented. The agglomerative hierarchical clustering of a group of 15 time and error indicator parameters is proposed for the selection of the most suitable hydrodynamic option-model, depending on the initial and boundary conditions to simulate. After verification, the developed model was applied to one of the experimental sites of the European project ARTWET (LIFE06 ENV/F/000133), the Waldweg stormwater basin, located in Rouffach, France. The optimization of the stormwater basin design is carried out by the construction of a horizontal-flow constructed wetland (HFCW). Numerical tracer experiments permit to simulate several hydraulic operating scenarios of the HFCW. The effects induced by adsorption heterogeneity in the medium are analyzed. An empirical equation and the definition of alternative operational options permit the evaluation and optimization of the capacity of storage, as well as the residence time distribution. A hydraulic management of the HFCW is finally suggested in relation to the retention capacity and the time for pesticide degradation
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Edminster, Judith R. "The Diffusion of New Media Scholarship: Power, Innovation, and Resistance in Academe." Scholar Commons, 2002. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1520.
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Electronic theses and dissertations (ETDs) are an evolving genre of graduate student research that is gaining widespread acceptance among universities in the international community. ETDs are also beginning to diffuse slowly among American universities; however, a number of issues continue to work against more rapid adoption among intitutions in the United States. This dissertation examines ETDs as an evolving electronic research genre by (1) historicizing the situated development of its predecessor, the traditional print dissertation, in nineteenth century German and American Universities; (2) reporting on the current state of the Networked Digital Library of Electronic Theses and Dissertations, an initiative of Virginia Polytechnic University; (3) analyzing ETDs as a technological innovation undergoing the diffusion process according to Emmet Roger's Diffusion of Innovation Theory; and (4) presenting the results of an ETD pilot project case study carried out at the University of South Florida.
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Rasheed, Reem. "Search for new physics using radiative B meson decays and lifetime measurment of the B meson with the Belle II experiment." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2020/RASHEED_reem_2020_ED182.pdf.
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Juste après le Big Bang, matière et antimatière étaient présentes en quantités égales. Mais l’univers que nous observons aujourd’hui est presque entièrement constitué de matière. Une différence de comportement des particules et anti-particules constitue un ingrédient fondamental pour expliquer cette disparition. La violation de la symétrie quantique CP (Charge et Parité) introduit une telle asymétrie, cependant le niveau observé actuellement pour cette violation ne suffit quantitativement pas. L’expérience Belle II vient de démarrer au Japon, elle permet d’étudier avec une très grande précision des systèmes particules/anti-particules produits par le collisionneur électron-positron SuperKEKB , qui sera bientôt le plus lumineux au monde. Dans mon doctorant, J'ai travaillé sur la mesure de la violation de CP dans les désintégrations radiatives du méson B (désintégrations avec des photons à l'état final) particulièrement prometteuses grâce à leur haute sensibilité aux possibles nouveaux processus. Suite à cette analyse, j'ai commencé une nouvelle mesure de la durée de vie des mésons B, pour vérifier la robustesse des outils utilisés pour mesurer la violation de CP<br>After the Big Bang matter and antimatter were present in equal amounts. Today, however, everything we see, is made almost entirely of matter. A fundamental ingredient to explain this asymmetry between matter and antimatter is the violation of the CP (Charge Parity) symmetry. CP violation has been observed but quantitatively not enough to explain the huge asymmetry. The Belle II experiment in Japan studies the particles produced in electron-positron collisions at the SuperKEKB collider, the highest intensity collider in the World, allowing a high precision measurements of the known sources of CP violation and looking for new ones. In my PhD, I worked on measuring the CP violation in B meson radiative decays (decays with photon in final state) particularly promising thanks to their high sensitivity to possible new processes. Following this analysis, I started a new measurement of the B mesons lifetime where I could verify the robustness of the tools used in the CP violation measurement
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Brown), (E Ashley Rogers. "Building a Better Mousetrap: Capturing New Data in ISI Journal Citation Reports and Local Journal Utilization Reports to Support Academic Collection Managers." Thesis, School of Information and Library Science, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1901/312.
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The ISI provides librarians with tools such as the Journal Citation Reports (JCR) and the institution specific Local Journal Utilization Report (LJUR) to aid in the management of serials collections. These tools enable librarians to respond quickly to changes in publishing practices and purchasing options. While available literature often criticizes ISI data, few studies provide concrete recommendations for improvement. This study explores two extensions to LJUR: (1) adding citation date and (2) creating institution specific impact factors. In addition, I explore the degree to which self-citations influence the ISI impact factor. Publication and citation calculations are made for three prominent southern universities’ research chemists using a corpus of full text articles drawn from 27 American Chemical Society (ACS) journals and stored in an Oracle database. The ACS research corpus impact factor simulation and ACS research corpus self-citation omission impact factor are also created and compared with current JCR data.
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Mandon, Pierre. "New empirics on transdisciplinary political economics : essays on the economics of democratic modalities." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017CLFAD021.
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L'objet de la présente thèse concerne l'étude de l'impact économique de trois modalités démocratiques, à savoir (i) l'agenda électoral, (ii) l'affiliation partisane des dirigeants en place dans un cadre de multipartisme, et (iii) les changements de gouvernance constitutionnellement définis. Afin d'introduire notre étude, nous décrivons la relation qui existe entre les modalités démocratiques et la démocratie directe d'une part et la politique budgétaire d'autre part, aux Etats-Unis sur la période 1790-2014 dans l'Introduction Générale. Dans le Chapitre 2 nous étudions l'effet authentique et potentiellement néfaste des cycles politico-budgétaires. Notre méta-analyse suggère que les dirigeants nationaux manipulent effectivement le budget dans un but de réélection mais l'ampleur du phénomène est largement exagérée par la littérature. Toutefois, le biais de publication mis en lumière s'est significativement réduit lors des 25 dernières années de recherches. Dans le Chapitre 3 nous étudions comment l'affiliation partisane des gouverneurs américains affecte le statut de pauvreté des immigrants, aux Etats-Unis, sur la période 1994-2014. Pour ce faire, nous comparons le niveau de pauvreté des immigrants dans les Etats gouvernés par les Démocrates au niveau de pauvreté des immigrants constaté dans les Etats gouvernés par les Républicains. En accord avec la littérature sur l'affiliation partisane, nous trouvons que les immigrants ont plus d'opportunités de sortir de la pauvreté sous les Démocrates que sous les Républicains. Une analyse formelle de médiation révèle que nos résultats empiriques sont médiatisés par un meilleur accès au marché du travail et possiblement de meilleures rétributions du travail, pour les immigrants. Dans le Chapitre 4 nous cherchons à vérifier l'évolution des notations souveraines lors des périodes d'inauguration des nouveaux dirigeants sur un échantillon de 18 pays d'Amérique Latine et des Caraïbes ayant des systèmes présidentiels. A partir de données de panel journalières s'étendant du 1er janvier 1994 au 31 décembre 2014, nous trouvons que les notations souveraines sont de meilleure qualité durant les périodes d'inauguration anticipées comparées aux autres périodes d'inauguration. En outre, nos résultats montrent que durant ces périodes d'inauguration anticipées, les notations sont encore meilleures lorsque le dirigeant entrant (i) est économiquement de droite, (ii) dispose d'un diplôme universitaire d'un pays de l'OCDE, (iii) a un parcours professionnel traditionnel, (iv) a une approche non populiste, et (v) dispose de marges électorales de victoire importantes. Il apparaît également un biais de genre potentiel à la faveur des nouveaux dirigeants de sexe masculin. En prenant avantage d'un modèle de durée et de régressions de Cox -- modèle à risque proportionnel, nous mettons en lumière que les périodes d'inauguration des dirigeants affectent également la probabilité instantanée de dégradation des notations souveraines. Enfin, dans la Conclusion Générale nous explorons les racines des pensées antisystèmes en Occident, puis nous discutons des avantages et inconvénients de quelques formes alternatives de démocratie, à savoir (i) la démocratie directe, (ii) le tirage au sort, et (iii) le développement participatif comme bien public. Finalement, nous explorons les controverses concernant les formes alternatives de démocratie sur l'agora virtuelle que constitue Twitter<br>The aim of the present dissertation is to empirically investigate the economic impact of three democratic modalities, namely (i) the electoral agenda; (ii) the partisan affiliation of incumbents in a multipartism framework; and (iii) constitutionally defined leadership changes. To introduce the scope of the dissertation we describe the democratic modalities and direct democracy behind the U.S. fiscal policy from 1790 to 2014, in the General Introduction.In Chapter 2 we study the genuine detrimental effect of political budget cycles. Our meta-analysis suggests that national leaders do manipulate fiscal tools in order to be re-elected, but to an extent that is significantly exaggerated in the literature. The publication selection bias highlighted has nonetheless been reduced during the past 25 years of research. In Chapter 3 we investigate how governors' partisan affiliation affects the poverty status of immigrants to the U.S for the period 1994-2014. To this end, we compare the poverty outcomes of immigrants in states ruled by Democratic governors relative to the outcomes for those in states ruled by Republican governors. Consistent with the literature on partisan affiliation, we find that immigrants are more likely to get out of poverty in states with Democratic governors than states with Republican governors. A formal mediation analysis reveals that the empirical results are mediated through better access to the labor market and possibly through higher wages and labor earnings for immigrants. In Chapter 4 we assess whether sovereign credit ratings change during the inauguration periods of incoming leaders, on a sample of 18 Latin American and Caribbean countries with presidential systems. Building on a daily panel dataset covering the period from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2014, we find that credit ratings are better during anticipated inauguration periods compared to other inauguration periods. Moreover, our results reveal that, during anticipated inauguration periods, incoming leaders with (i) an economically right-wing orientation; (ii) an OECD college degree; (iii) a traditional professional background; (iv) a non-populist approach; and (v) large electoral margins of victory are associated to even better ratings. There also appears to be a potential gender bias effect in favor of male incoming leaders. Last but not least, the quality of the credit rating also matters. In the General Conclusion we explore the roots of anti-systemism in the West, then we discuss some alternative forms of democracy, and we explore the controversies regarding the alternative forms of democracy on the virtual \emph{agora} of Twitter
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Bonnet, Sylvestre. "Ru(terpy)(phen)(L)2+complexes as a new tool towards light-controlled molecular machines : Photoinduced ligand substitution reactions,photoisomerisation and inclusion in a molecular ring." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2005/BONNET_Sylvestre_2005.pdf.
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Ce travail de thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine des machines moléculaires activées par la lumière. Il consiste en l'étude des complexes de ruthenium (II) de formule générale Ru(N-N-N)(N-N)(L)n+, où N-N-N est un ligand terdenté de type terpyridine, N-N est un ligand bidenté de type 1,10-phénanthroline, et L est un ligand monodenté de type chlorure, acéto- ou benzonitrile, pyridine, éther de soufre ou dialkylsulfoxyde. Irradiés par de la lumière visible, ces complexes photosubstituent sélectivement et quantitativement le ligand monodenté L par une molécule de solvant. Trois rendements quantiques de photosubstitution ont été mesurés et montrent que l'efficacité de ce processus peut être régulée par la nature du substituant (H ou CH3) en des atomes d'azote de la phénanthroline. Par ailleurs, un processus d'isomérisation de la phénanthroline a lieu pendant cette phosubstitution, ce qui corrobore l'hypothèse d'un mécanisme dissociatif. Cette photoisomérisation correspond à une rotation de 90° du chélate bidenté par rapport à la terpyridine. Dans l'espoir de tirer parti de ce phénomène, les deux isomères de coordination d'un complexe de type scorpionate ont été synthétisés et caractérisés. La phénanthroline utilisée porte deux long bras flexibles terminés par deux ligands monodentés différents qui viennent, l'un ou l'autre, se coordiner sur le ruthénium. La plus grande lenteur du processus de photoisomérisation par rapport à la réaction de photoéjection de la " queue " du scorpion limite l'efficacité de cette molécule en tant qu'interrupteur moléculaire. Afin de dissymétriser plus efficacement l'environnement de coordination du ruthénium, un groupement encombrant de type mésityle a été introduit en position 2 sur la phénanthroline. Basée sur une nouvelle phénanthroline dissymétrique AMphen, une famille de complexes acycliques de formule Ru(APterpy)(AMphen)(L)n+ a été synthétisée et caractérisée. La rotation du chélate bidenté au sein de ces complexes est contrôlée dans un sens par irradiation, dans l'autre par chauffage dans le diméthylsulfoxyde. Le rendement de l'étape de photoisomérisation devenu quantitatif, ce système est un des rares exemples où la sphère de coordination d'un métal de transition se réarrange sous contrôle photonique. La réorganisation géométrique résultant de la photoisomérisation de AMphen a été utilisée dans la synthèse efficace de deux macrocycles moléculaires comportant l'unité Ru(terpy)(phen)(py)2+. La géométrie de l'isomère photochimique est la plus adéquate pour l'étape de macrocyclisation par métathèse d'oléfines. Une fois réduite, la chaîne flexible reliant l'unité phénanthroline à l'unité terpyridine est stable, ce qui permet à nouveau les réactions d'échange de ligands et d'isomérisation étudiée sur les espèces acycliques. La forme de ces macrocycles, et donc la conformation des chaînes flexibles, est ainsi contrôlée dans un sens par la lumière, dans l'autre par chauffage dans le diméthylsulfoxyde<br>This work belongs to the field of molecular machines controlled by light. It consists in the study of ruthenium (II) complexes having the general formula Ru(N-N-N)(N-N)(L)n+, where N-N-N is a terdentate ligand of the terpyridine type, N-N is a bidentate chelate of the 1,10-phenanthroline type, and L is a monodentate ligand belonging to the following list: chloride, acetonitrile, benzonitrile, pyridine, dialkyl sulfide or dialkyl sulfoxide. White light irradiation of such complexes was shown to lead to selective and quantitative photosubstitution of the monodentate ligand L by a solvent molecule. Three photosubstitution quantum yields were measured and showed that the efficiency of this process could be changed by adapting the nature (H or CH3) of the substituent in position to the nitrogen atom of the bidentate chelate. In addition, an isomerisation process was shown to take place during photosubstitution, which corroborated the hypothesis of a dissociative mechanism. Such isomerisation was described as a 90° rotation of the bidentate chelate with respect to the terpyridine. With the hope of taking advantage of such a phenomenon, the two coordination isomers of a scorpionate complex were synthesised and characterised. The phenanthroline used in this synthesis bore two long, flexible arms terminated by two different monodentate ligands, one of which was coordinated to the ruthenium. Considering that the photoisomerisation process was always slower than the simple photoejection of the scorpion's tail, this complex showed limited applications as a photochemically controlled molecular switch. In order to make the coordination environment of the ruthenium more dissymmetric, a hindering mesityl group was introduced in 2-position of the phenanthroline chelate. Based on a new dissymmetric phenanthroline AMphen, a family of acyclic complexes having the formula Ru(APterpy)(AMphen)(L)n+ was synthesised and characterised. Rotation of the bidentate chelate in these complexes was controlled in one direction by irradiation, in the other by heating in dimethylsulfoxide. The photoisomerisation process becoming quantitative, this system was shown to be one of the rare examples where the coordination sphere of a transition metal rearranged upon purely photonic control. The geometrical rearrangement resulting from the photoisomerisation of AMphen was used in an efficient synthesis of two molecular macrocycles including the Ru(terpy)(phen)(py)2+ unit. The geometry of the photochemical isomer showed to be more adapted to the macrocyclisation step by olefin metathesis. One reduced, the flexible chains linking the phenanthroline and the terpyridine units were stable enough to enable ligand substitution and isomerisation reactions on the ruthenium complex. During such reactions, the shape of the macrocycles, hence the conformations of the flexible chains, changed dramatically. In one direction visible light irradiation led to contraction of the flexible chains; in the other, heating in dimethylsulfoxide was shown to stretch them
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Pedreschi, Garcés Willy. "Approaches to the Direct Contracting Regime in the New Public Procurement Law Regarding the Draft Regulation of Law No. 30225, whose publication was provided by Ministerial Resolution No. 216-2015-EF / 15." Derecho & Sociedad, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118591.
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The present article treats about the main innovations brought on the direct contracting regimen of the Public Procurement Peruvian New Law. In the author’s opinion, the new law seeks to make public procurement more efficient. Thus, he explains us how, in direct contracting, the law tries to achieve this objective.In that line, the paper explains the cases in which the direct contract proceeds and the formalities and requirements for it.<br>El presente artículo aborda las principales novedades que trae el régimen de contratación directa de la Nueva Ley de Contrataciones del Estado. Para el autor, la nueva norma busca que las compras del Estado sean más eficientes y nos explica cómo, en la parte referida a la contratación directa, se intenta lograr dicho objetivo. Así, primero se explican los supuestos en los que cabe esta figura, y las formalidades yrequisitos para la misma.
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Decottignies-Renard, Lisa. "L’art de tisser des liens chez les Māori de Nouvelle-Zélande Aotearoa : analyse des relations entre les Māori et leurs ancêtres par l'intermédiaire des manteaux māori (kākahu) en qualité de trésors ancestraux (taonga)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAG013.
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Cette thèse analyse les relations que les Māori entretiennent avec leurs ancêtres par l’intermédiaire de trésors ancestraux tangibles et intangibles transmis de génération en génération (taonga). J’ai choisi de m’intéresser à deux taonga que les femmes engendrent et mobilisent, avec le concours des hommes et des ancêtres : les manteaux māori (kākahu) et l’art du tissage au doigt māori (whatu) qui en permet la création. Sur le terrain, suivre ces deux taonga m’a amenée à travailler auprès de celles et de ceux qui les conçoivent, les utilisent et les font circuler dans un univers où la relation aux ancêtres est primordiale. Afin de traduire et comprendre cette ontologie, je développe plusieurs approches conceptuelles telles que : les processus créatifs non linéaires nécessaires à l’engendrement des taonga, l’enveloppement des personnes, les circulations des personnes et des taonga, la continuité transgénérationnelle, l’ancestralité, l’espace sociocosmique et le tissage relationnel<br>This Ph.D. thesis analyzes the bounds that Māori people of Aotearoa New Zealand nurture and maintain with their ancestors through tangible and intangible ancestral treasures passed down from generation to generation (taonga). The focus of this research is set on two taonga that women generate and mobilize with the help of men and ancestors : the māori cloaks (kākahu) and the māori art of finger weaving (whatu) which allows its creation. In Aotearoa, following these two taonga led me to work with specialists who create, take care, display and pass them down because they have the responsibility to act as intermediaries between the living and their ancestors in a universe where weaving relationships with ancestors is essential. To translate and understand this ontology, I develop several conceptual approaches such as the nonlinear creative processes, the envelopment of people, the circulations of people and taonga, transgenerational continuity, sociocosmic space, and relational weaving
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Fidalgo, Ana Carolina Afonso. "Relatório de estágio em Edição na Almedina." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/17133.
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Mestrado em Estudos Editoriais<br>O presente relatório refere-se às atividades concretizadas durante o estágio em edição realizado no Departamento Editorial das Edições Almedina entre outubro de 2015 e março de 2016. Começar-se-á com uma visão geral da história da editora e do grupo editorial. De seguida, são descritas as particularidades da política editorial e da gestão dentro da Almedina. Na última secção são relatadas as várias tarefas concretizadas durante o estágio, divididas em quatro categorias principais.<br>The present report refers to the activities carried out during the publishing internship that took place at Edições Almedina’s Editorial Department from October 2015 to March 2016. To begin with, an overview of the history of the publishing house and the editorial group is provided. Secondly, the particularities of Almedina’s editorial policies and management are outlined. In the final and main section, an account is given concerning the diverse tasks accomplished during the internship, divided in four main categories.
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Baker, Michelle Mary. "Policing Publications: Sites of Censorship Classification Enforcement in New Zealand." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Sociology and Anthropology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/916.
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This thesis focuses on the work of policing, regulating and monitoring of New Zealand public censorship classifications. It follows the processes and agents involved in the day-to-day practices of the enforcement of the classifications given to objects by the Office of Film and Literature Classification. Responsibility for the enforcement of the classification decisions of the Office is delegated to private agents and agencies involved in supplying audiences with classified media products - cinemas, video stores, bookstores and libraries. The thesis also documents enforcement undertaken directly by public agents of the Censorship Compliance Unit. In this case enforcement is concerned with unclassified publications circulating on the Internet. The thesis argues that the networks of agents assembled for the practices of enforcement evolve as the forms of media evolve or change. The thesis focuses on the modes of interaction between agents, media and publics enacted in the different sites of the cinema, the bookstore, the video store, the library and the Internet. It documents the work of enforcement involved in the purchase of images for a fixed period of time in the fixed site of the cinema; the purchase of books from the fixed site of the bookstore; the hire of video films and video games from the fixed site of the video store; and the borrowing of books and videos from the fixed site of the public library. It contrasts the work of enforcement in these different sites with the development of new work practices involved in the interactive, fluid and seemingly intangible yet still policed site of the Internet. It documents how the responsibilities for, and the practices of, enforcement shift between public sites of enforcement to the increasingly difficult public monitoring of the private consumption of images distributed through the media of the Internet. It pays attention to how different methods and strategies of enforcement have been developed in response to both the classification and consumption of the expanding variety of mobile media and the proliferation and consumption of images in the unclassified and fluid world of the Internet.
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Hüsig, Stefan. "A Conceptual Model of the Revised CAI-NPD-Systems Maturity." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-187877.
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This article aims to turn the attention of researchers and practitioners in the innovation and engineering management field towards a more fine grained view on the influence of Information Technologies (IT) and New Product Development (NPD) capabilities on innovation outcomes in different stages of maturity. Computer Aided Innovation (CAI), as a specific but often overlooked category of IT-tools for innovation activities, is introduced as having the potential to positively influence the innovation supporting capabilities. Based on current and emerging developments in the fields of CAI and NPD, a revised version of the conceptual model of the CAI-NPD-systems maturity framework is proposed.
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Nuthmann, Antje, Wolfgang Einhäuser, and Immo Schütz. "How Well Can Saliency Models Predict Fixation Selection in Scenes Beyond Central Bias? A New Approach to Model Evaluation Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2018. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-232614.
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Since the turn of the millennium, a large number of computational models of visual salience have been put forward. How best to evaluate a given model's ability to predict where human observers fixate in images of real-world scenes remains an open research question. Assessing the role of spatial biases is a challenging issue; this is particularly true when we consider the tendency for high-salience items to appear in the image center, combined with a tendency to look straight ahead (“central bias”). This problem is further exacerbated in the context of model comparisons, because some—but not all—models implicitly or explicitly incorporate a center preference to improve performance. To address this and other issues, we propose to combine a-priori parcellation of scenes with generalized linear mixed models (GLMM), building upon previous work. With this method, we can explicitly model the central bias of fixation by including a central-bias predictor in the GLMM. A second predictor captures how well the saliency model predicts human fixations, above and beyond the central bias. By-subject and by-item random effects account for individual differences and differences across scene items, respectively. Moreover, we can directly assess whether a given saliency model performs significantly better than others. In this article, we describe the data processing steps required by our analysis approach. In addition, we demonstrate the GLMM analyses by evaluating the performance of different saliency models on a new eye-tracking corpus. To facilitate the application of our method, we make the open-source Python toolbox “GridFix” available.
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Edminster, Judith Rhoades. "The diffusion of new media scholarship [electronic resource] : power, innovation, and resistance in academe / by Judith R. Edminster." [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2002. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000035.
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PENA, RAFAEL ANTONIO PINTO. "SEMANTIC SUPPORT FOR THE PUBLICATION OF NEWS CONTENT ON THE WEB." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2012. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=20235@1.
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O consumo de conteúdo jornalístico na Web aumenta a cada dia. No entanto,
boa parte desse conteúdo ainda é produzido segundo paradigmas da mídia impressa.
Paralelamente a isto, a Web Semântica ou Web 3.0, adiciona uma camada
de inteligência à Web, onde computadores são capazes de extrair significados
dos conteúdos acessados na Web, e consequentemente, processá-los. Neste trabalho
foi definido e testado um modelo de publicação de conteúdo jornalístico apoiado
pela Web Semântica. Foi desenvolvida uma ferramenta de apoio para produtores
de conteúdo, com o objetivo de melhorar o processo de construção de narrativas
jornalísticas para web, através da sugestão de padrões narrativos e de informações
objetivas que dão suporte ao tipo de narrativa desejado. Um estudo de
caso foi realizado para avaliar em ambiente real o modelo proposto. Um grupo de
jornalistas usou a ferramenta desenvolvida, com aceitação unânime.<br>The use of journalistic content on the web increases every day. However,
much of the content is still produced according to the paradigms of print media.
Parallel to this, the Semantic Web or Web 3.0, adds a layer of intelligence to the
Web, where computers are able to extract meaning from the visited web content,
and consequently, process them. This work defined and tested a model of
publishing news content supported by the Semantic Web. It was developed a
support tool for content producers, in order to improve the process of construction
of news stories for the web, using the suggestion of narrative patterns and
objective information that support the desired type of narrative. A case study was
conducted to evaluate the proposed model in a real environment. A group of
journalists used the developed tool, with unanimous acceptance.
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Justis, Gregory G. "Images of legitimacy presentation of forensics programming in contemporary news publications /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.
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Kumar, Raj. "New Vista to Preserve the Scholarly Output in Higher Education System: Institutional Repositories." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/622606.
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Conferencia realizado del 12 al 14 de setiembre en Lima, Peru del 2012 en el marco del 15º Simposio Internacional de Tesis y Disertaciones Electrónicas (ETD 2012). Evento aupiciado por la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) y la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC).<br>Institutional repositories emerge as a new approach to manage and maintain effectively the intellectual
assets of an institute through the digital content for scholarly communication. It includes e-prints of
research data, e-learning materials and other forms of institutional intellectual outputs, which are generally
not available or preserved elsewhere. Digital publishing, global networking, new researches, and
improved communication among scholars are driving the demand for broader access. In the present
scenario, IR’s are become an indispensable component for information and knowledge sharing in the
universities and higher education world. The Institutional Repository increased visibility reflects a high
quality of scholarship; this display of value can translate into tangible benefits including the funding from
public and private sources that drives in part from an institution status and reputation. The paper explores
and discusses the conceptual development, benefits, standard, sustainability & funding of Institutional
repositories. Paper has also discussed about the open source software’s and Commercial Digital
Repository Software that are available to create and maintain in institutional repositories. This paper also
tries to explore the contents of IRs and skill requirement for the implantations of the successful
Institutional Repository.
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Robertson, M. S. T. "Riparian management guides : are they meeting the needs of the interested public?" Diss., Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/601.
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In New Zealand, there are many published guidelines about the management of riparian areas. The question needs to be asked, are these guides useful? This research thesis investigates the extent to which riparian management guides meet the needs of the users. This research also considers the importance of riparian management (with regards to the appropriateness of educational guides) in assisting practitioners and the interested public in the management of riparian areas. The main way of investigating this topic was with the help of discussion groups. Discussion groups were held with interested organisations. These groups fell into three categories; Urban groups, Rural groups and Interest groups. The groups were asked to define what would make a guide most useful and desirable to them under three major categories: 1) what the guide looked like, 2) what information was contained, and 3) how was the information accessed. An opportunity was also provided for any further comments. This information was used to create a list of the most popular criteria that existing guides and further publications could be examined against. Eleven criteria were identified as follows: Information should be available online; Have pictures; Include diagrams; Is simple and easy to understand; Contains how to and appropriate methods; Has a plant list; Considers maintenance issues; Identifies where to locate further information; How to contact experts; Is available in libraries; Is in booklet form. The availability of existing information was investigated and its suitability assessed against the criteria. A list of all regional, territorial and unitary councils as well as 'other organisations' that were regarded as sources of environmental knowledge were investigated to see how many had produced information on riparian and wetland management issues. In terms of sources of information, 'other organisations' produce the greatest rate of riparian management information, followed by regional/unitary authorities. Two guides from Canterbury best meet the criteria identified by the interested parties, for the Canterbury region. Each scored 10/11 and failed on different criteria. This led to the conclusion that riparian management guides in Canterbury, while obviously still having room for improvement, are very close to meeting what interested parties feel is most important. Finally, a prototype (model) based on the research is provided for anyone who might be considering preparing a riparian management guide.
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Sanvito, Rossella. "Modulazione nutrizionale del proteoma di Saccharomyces cerevisiae nel ceppo selvatico e nei mutanti nel gene FAR1 codificante per un regolatore negativo della transizione de G1 a S." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/SANVITO_Rossella_2006.pdf.
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Ce travail a eu pour but d’approfondir la compréhension des mécanismes de contrôle de la transition G1/S de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, en étudiant par une approche protéomique la croissance exponentielle des mutants du FAR1 (impliqué dans le contrôle du point Start du cycle cellulaire) et la variation nutritionnelle d’une source pauvre en carbone à une source riche dans la souche sauvage. En observant la corrélation entre les phénotypes des mutants et les valeurs du mARN et d’expression protéique, nous avons recherché possibles nouveaux acteurs du contrôle entre la croissance et la progression cellulaire par les nutriments. Nos données suggèrent l'existence d'une interaction entre FAR1 et le contrôle de la synthèse protéique, d’une part, et de la machinerie métabolique d'autre part. En autre, on a identifié une protéine ayant rôle inconnu, Gvp36, qui pourrait être impliquée dans le contrôle de la transition G1/S, en faisant partie d’une voie qui associe Far1 au bourgeonnement<br>The aim of this study was to better understand G1 to S transition control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, studying by a proteomic approach the exponential growth of mutants in FAR1 (involved in cell size control of Start) and nutritional shift-up from poor to rich carbon source of wild type strain. Observing correlation between cell cycle mutant phenotypes and mRNA and protein expression, we looked for possible new actors of the control of growth and cell cycle progression by nutrients in budding yeast. We found that FAR1 gene dosage affects ribosome biosynthesis and the main pathway of carbohydrate metabolism, suggesting a possible feedback control of cell size threshold on these two pathways. Moreover, we identified an unknown function protein, Gvp36, that may be involved in G1 to S transition control, taking part in a pathway which link Far1 to budding
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Parmentier, Stéphanie. "Du compte d'auteur à l'auto-édition numérique : études des formes et des pratiques de l'édition non sélective." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020BOR30020.
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Internet permet aujourd'hui aux auteurs de se publier en quelques clics sans passer par un professionnel du livre comme cela a été le cas jusqu'à présent. Si autrefois, les auteurs avaient peu de solutions alternatives pour être publiés, mis à part, l'édition à compte d'auteur, souvent très coûteuse, ils disposent aujourd'hui sur le net d'une multitude d'espaces pour s'éditer et voir apparaître leur publication à l'écran en quelques clics. Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) d'Amazon est une plateforme d'auto-édition qui connaît un véritable succès ; cet espace a bouleversé l'ordre des choses puisque pour une fois des auteurs totalement inconnus, sans aucune expérience dans le domaine de l’écriture grand public et sans aucune prétention littéraire, ont pénétré au sein du monde éditorial en étant repérés sur les réseaux avant d’être édités par ceux qui jusqu'ici avaient gardé pour eux porte close. Notre étude a pour objectif de mieux cerner le phénomène de l’édition alternative qui revient en force sur le net et de voir qui sont ces auteurs qui s’investissent en masse sur KDP, quelles sont leurs motivations et leurs publications. Plus largement, nous voudrions montrer que ces nouvelles formes de publication mettent sur le marché une littérature différente, plus divertissante, à bas prix encore peu présente sur les étals des libraires mais dont le site du géant de Seattle regorge<br>Internet allows authors to publish in a few clicks without passing through the necessary phase of the Publishing House, as it has been the case so far. Previously authors had no alternative but publishing at their own expense, most of the time quite expensive. Thanks to the net, they benefit today from various spaces: Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP), Amazon, is an auto-edition platform that encounters a phenomenal success ; KDP has reshuffled the norm bringing into light totally unknown writers, with no real writing experience nor particular ambition, and made them visible on the net, opening doors of a world that was kept accessible to a few lucky ones before. Our study aims at better understanding the phenomenon of alternative edition that is coming up to force, and to understand who exactly these authors investing in KDP are, their motivations and their publications. More broadly, we aim at demonstrating that these new forms of publications offer different literature, equally entertaining, certainly cheaper, not always present in libraries but easily accessible online
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Billinger, Erin. "The Transformation of Probation Through the Logic of Risk: A Critical Literature Review of Canadian Publications." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39650.
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Contemporary probation practice has come to be subject to the logic of risk. The rise in the logic of risk has led to significant changes in penal practices. Therefore, it is sociologically important to explore the recent research on the evolution and transformation of probation in Canada with regard to the logic of risk. The purpose of my research was to explore how the logic of risk has impacted and transformed probation objectives, and how it impacted the role of probation officers. Specifically, I wanted to explore how publications present the transformation of probation due to the logic of risk, the formation of new objectives for the system, the deployment of new practices and tools, and how these transformations and new objectives have changed the role of probation officers. To do this, it was determined that a critical literature review of published articles (both academic and government sources) would be the most appropriate data collection method. To analyze the data, an eleven-stage process to a hybrid thematic analysis was utilized. Through this analysis, four main themes were uncovered and explored using a governmentality framework. Objectives of probation as forms effective penal governance were presented, efficient governance through risk was demonstrated through resource allocation, and effective and efficient decision making is explored. It is hypothesized that risk logic leads to the use of heuristic strategies in probation officer decision making. In this thesis, I argue that we are in a phase of ‘new rehabilitationism’ that draws on notions of rehabilitation and reframes them under neo-liberal strategies for control through normalization. In addition to this, knowledge production of probation through the logic of risk is explored and the effects of knowledge/power and its implications for probationers outlined.
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Geider, Thomas. "Jan Hoorweg, Dick Foeken & R. A. Obudho (eds), Kenya Coast Handbook. Culture, resources and development in the East African littoral. With a Preface by Prof. Ali A. Mazrui. (A publication of the African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands). Münster / Hamburg / London: LIT-Verlag, 2000. xvi + 527 pp. (Distributed in North America by Transaction Publishers, Rutgers University, New Brunswick)." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91489.
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Vieira, Cleber Santos. "Entre as coisas do mundo e o mundo dos livros: prefácios cívicos e impressos escolares no Brasil republicano." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/48/48134/tde-02022009-141926/.
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Denominam-se prefácios todos os discursos liminares produzidos a propósito de determinado texto. Os vínculos sistemáticos, históricos e contextuais com o impresso converteram os prefácios em preciosas fontes de pesquisa da história do livro nos mais variados gêneros da cultura escrita. Neste trabalho, analisamos a história dos prefácios nos impressos escolares produzidos em três momentos da história brasileira: República Velha, Era Vargas e Ditadura Militar. Neste caminho, prefácios, prólogos, apresentações, introduções e posfácios, além de outros suportes do impresso, revelaram-se como objetos imprescindíveis na tarefa de entender as diversas formas de conceber o civismo e escrever sobre a formação dos cidadãos. Pelos prefácios, foi possível identificar e analisar representações de ideais e valores de democracia, sonhos e desilusões republicanas, bem como, projetos e programas políticos. Como discurso que prepara a leitura, os prefácios analisados possibilitaram percorrer, por um lado, os elementos históricos externos ao livro e que recobriram objetivos sociais e políticos mais amplos da ação autoral. Por outro, permitiu entender que as opções do autor projetavam-se no tipo de linguagem e estratégia discursiva configuradas na estrutura interna do livro. Permitiram entender também a plasticidade do princípio que enuncia a formação do cidadão. Pelos prefácios fluíram ideais republicanos, disputas regionais, elementos da democracia autoritária, positivismo, cristianismo, marxismos e várias outras formas de representar a prática política. Tais representações reivindicaram para si a primazia na escolarização de temas como pátria, nação e cidadania tornando-os pré-requisitos da ação política. Enfim, Analisando traduções de manuais estrangeiros, livros didáticos, cartilhas, enciclopédias e demais gêneros de impressos escolares foi possível concluir que os prefácios cívicos significaram pontos de ligação entre as coisas do mundo e o mundo dos livros. Palavras-<br>Prefaces are nominated as all the introductory discourses produced for a determinate text. The historical, contextual and systematic links with the printed matter converted the prefaces in precious research sources to the history of books in all kinds of written culture. In this work, we analyze the history of the prefaces in scholastic publications in three moments of the Brazilian history: The Old Republic, The Age of Vargas and the Military Dictatorship. In this way prefaces, prologues, presentations, introductions and post-scripts, as well as other printed supports, became essential objects in understanding different forms of conceiving civism and to write about formation of citizens. By the prefaces it was possible to identify and analyze representations of idealisms and merits of democracy, republicans dreams and disappointments, as well as political projects and programs. As a preparation speech for reading, the analyzed prefaces made possible to run, from one side, the historical elements out side the book that overlated the more extensive social and political objectives of the auctorial action. On the other side made possible the understanding that the authors options were projected in the kind of language and discursive strategies found in the structure inside the book. They also allowed the comprehension of the plasticity in the origin which announces the citizen formation. With in prefaces, republican ideals, regional controversies, elements of the despotic democracy, positivism, Christianity, Marxism and many other forms of representing political practice have flowed. Such representations demanded for its self the primacy in schooling of themes as homeland, nation and citizenship making them prerequisites of the political action. Finally, analyzing the traditions of foreign manuals, didactic books, spelling books, encyclopedias and other kinds of scholar publications it was possible to conclude that the civic prefaces meant linking points between things of our world and the world of books.
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Hallof, Jochen. "Die Baustufen I bis IV der Grossen Anlage von Musawwarat es Sufra /." Berlin [u.a.] : Golden House Publications, 2006. http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/nilus/net-publications/ibaes8.
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Teilw. zugl.: Berlin, Univ., Diss., 1986.<br>Includes bibliographical references. - Accompanied by 4 folded leaves of plans in pocket inside back cover. - Also published online. - Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, 1986.
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Wild, Kate (Kathryn Elizabeth) Carleton University Dissertation Journalism and Communication. "An ideological analysis of the news discourse surrounding the ban on publication of the Karla Teale manslaughter trial." Ottawa, 1994.
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Lorenzi, Luca. "Development of an Innovative System for the Reconstruction of New Generation Satellite Images." Télécom Bretagne, 2012. http://www.telecom-bretagne.eu/publications/publication.php?idpublication=13289.
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Les satellites de télédétection sont devenus incontournables pour la société civile. En effet, les images satellites ont été exploitées avec succès pour traiter plusieurs applications, notamment la surveillance de l'environnement et de la prévention des catastrophes naturelles. Dans les dernières années, l'augmentation de la disponibilité de très haute résolution spatiale (THR) d'images de télédétection abouti à de nouvelles applications potentiellement pertinentes liées au suivi d'utilisation des sols et à la gestion environnementale. Cependant, les capteurs optiques, en raison du fait qu'ils acquièrent directement la lumière réfléchie par le soleil, ils peuvent souffrir de la présence de nuages dans le ciel et / ou d'ombres sur la terre. Il s'agit du problème des données manquantes, qui induit un problème important et crucial, en particulier dans le cas des images THR, où l'augmentation des détails géométriques induit une grande perte d'informations. Dans cette thèse, de nouvelles méthodologies de détection et de reconstruction de la région contenant des données manquantes dans les images THR sont proposées et appliquées sur les zones contaminées par la présence de nuages et / ou d'ombres. En particulier, les contributions méthodologiques proposées comprennent: i) une stratégie multirésolution d'inpainting visant à reconstruire les images contaminées par des nuages ; ii) une nouvelle combinaison d'information radiométrique et des informations de position spatiale dans deux noyaux spécifiques pour effectuer une meilleure reconstitution des régions contaminés par les nuages en adoptant une régression par méthode a vecteurs supports (RMVS) ; iii) l'exploitation de la théorie de l'échantillonnage compressé avec trois stratégies différentes (orthogonal matching pursuit, basis pursuit et une solution d'échantillonnage compressé, basé sur un algorithme génétique) pour la reconstruction d'images contaminés par des nuages; iv) une chaîne de traitement complète qui utilise une méthode à vecteurs de supports (SVM) pour la classification et la détection des zones d'ombre, puis une régression linéaire pour la reconstruction de ces zones, et enfin v) plusieurs critères d'évaluation promptes à évaluer la performance de reconstruction des zones d'ombre. Toutes ces méthodes ont été spécialement développées pour fonctionner avec des images très haute résolution. Les résultats expérimentaux menés sur des données réelles sont présentés afin de montrer et de confirmer la validité de toutes les méthodes proposées. Ils suggèrent que, malgré la complexité des problèmes, il est possible de récupérer de façon acceptable les zones manquantes masquées par les nuages ou rendues erronées les ombres<br>Remote sensing satellites have demonstrated to be a helpful instrument. Indeed, satellite images have been successfully exploited to deal with several applications including environmental monitoring and prevention of natural disasters. In the last years, the increasing of the availability of very high spatial resolution (VHR) remote sensing images resulted in new potentially relevant applications related to land cover control and environmental management. In particular, optical sensors, due to the fact that they acquire directly the reflected light from the sun, they may suffer from the presence of clouds in the sky and/or of shadows on the earth. This involves the problem of missing data, which may results an important and crucial problem especially in the case of VHR images, where their higher geometrical details induce to bigger lost of information. In this thesis, new methodologies of detection and reconstruction of missing data region in VHR images are proposed and applied on areas contaminated by the presence of clouds and/or shadows. In particular, the proposed methodological contributions include: i) a multiresolution inpainting strategy to reconstruct cloud-contaminated images; ii) a new combination of radiometric information and spatial position information in two specific kernels to perform a better reconstruction of cloud-contaminated regions by adopting a support vector regression (SVR) method; iii) the exploitation of compressive sensing theory adopting three different strategies (orthogonal matching pursuit, basis pursuit and a genetic algorithm solution) for the reconstruction of cloud-contaminated images; iv) a complete processing chain which exploits a support vector machine (SVM) classification for the detection and a linear regression for the reconstruction of specific shadow areas; and v) several evaluation criteria capable to assess the reconstructability of shadow areas. All of them are specifically developed to work with VHR images. Experimental results conducted on real data are reported in order to show and confirm the validity of all the proposed methods. They all suggest that, despite the complexity of the problems, it is possible to recover in a good way missing areas obscured by clouds or shadows