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Head, Peter M. "Christology and the synoptic problem : an assessment of one argument for Markan priority." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321429.
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Lee, Min-Kyu. "A man of high degree : an exploration of Jesus as shaman in the synoptic Gospels." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323564.
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Arndt, Wayne S. "Cyprian's Old Latin Gospels and the textual apparatus of the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1989. http://www.tren.com.
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Schanke, Ragnhild. "A comparative study of the concept of purity/impurity in the New Testament Gospels and the letters of Paul / by Ragnhild Schanke." Thesis, North-West University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1831.
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This work is a comparative study of the usage of the purity language by Jesus and Paul.
A simple reading of the Gospels and the Pauline corpus shows that the concept of purity
and impurity is used in different contexts by Jesus and Paul, a fact that is due, I suppose,
to their different cultural settings: Palestinian Judaism versus Roman culture.
In order to trace the meaning of impurity the concept was analysed as it is employed in
the Hebrew Bible and Second Temple sources. It was found that Biblical Judaism
placed strong emphasis on ritual and moral impurity, including the diet regulations of
Leviticus. Ritual impurity was usually due to natural conditions of the body that were
not unwanted, such as menstruation blood, semen, sex and birth, a few specific deceases
and contact with dead bodies. Ritual impurity was contagious by contact. Moral
impurity was not, but it was a defiling power due to grave sins, such as sexual
immorality, bloodshed and idolatry, which polluted the sinner, the sanctuary and the
land, even from a distance. The food regulations are interpreted as pedagogical means to
remind the people of the importance of worshipping one God only. Since the impure
animals were typically hybrids, we argue that the mixture of worshipping YHWH and
BAAL was an hybrid cult that created moral impurity.
Second Temple literature interprets priestly purity rules to include all Jews, giving rise
to the doctrine of generational impurity that, in turn, served the purpose of maintaining
a strict border between Jews and Gentiles. In the Qumran milieu we find a developed
ontological dualism, the cosmology of which included the teaching of the two spirits,
each representing two opposing kingdoms. The gestalt of Satan developed from being a
member of God's court to an independent personage with his own host of demons.
Roman culture is a complex concept. The philosophers had a world view quite different
from that of the uneducated masses. The Stoics referred to uncontrolled sex as impure,
since passions as such were seen as unwanted. Roman religion, as found in the cult of
the Vestal Virgins, defined the loss of virginity as the ultimate impurity, which put the
entire Fatherland at risk. In popular culture there was a vivid conceptualisation of
demons and spirits and a full-blown art of astrology and magic. The aetiology of
sickness as demonic attacks was commonplace.
When our inquiry of the two cultural contexts is over, all the relevant scriptures of the
Gospels and the Pauline letters are analysed. There proved to be a significant difference
between the Synoptics and John. Exorcisms and impure spirits are found in the three
first gospels only. John operates with the idea of Satan in the context of moral impurity,
but he presents no narratives that include demons. The Synoptics present the teaching
and practice of Jesus with a strong focus on demons as impure spirits with the ability to
speak and to harass people. They are empowered by Satan and they represent the evil
opposition of the kingdom of God. Jesus nullifies ritual impurity altogether and even
modifies moral impurity, reserving the terminology for evil intentions coming from
man's heart.
In the Pauline corpus, we find the terminology employed differently. Evil powers are
not denoted as impure spirits and there are no narratives or any teaching of exorcism.
Paul uses the term much like the Stoic philosophers, to denote sexual immorality.
Our inquiry concludes by stating that Jesus uses the term impure to denote ontological
impurity as experienced in mental, spiritual and physical destruction, due to demonic
presence. Paul uses impurity, mainly as an ethical category denoting individuals who
have succombed to temptations of the human nature, sarx.
The common denominator between Jesus and Paul is the belief that the holiness of God
is stronger than any demonic presence. According to Judaism, impurity was dangerous
because it drove away the presence of God from the Temple and the people. Jesus is
exercising the power of God and is never prohibited by the presence of impurity. Paul
believes that the powers of impurity were conquered at the cross, and therefore not
worth mentioning after the death and resurrection of Jesus. While Jesus exorcised
demons, Paul encourages his readers to stand firm in the Christian virtues, so that the
Devil would flee from them. If the Church did not do this, it became polluted. Paul
perpetuates the idea of moral impurity as a defiling force which prevents the presence of
God. In the Church, this is manifested as lack of love and consideration for the poor, a
situation which prevents the protection of God. As in the Temple, the remedy was
sacrifice; in this case, the blood of Jesus, which was remembered and honoured during
eucharist. And as in Judaism, it required repentance and a will to do better.Thesis (Ph.D. (New Testament))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus in association with Greenwich School of Theology, U.K., 2008.
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Penwell, Stewart K. "Jesus the Samaritan : ethnic labeling in the Gospel of John." Thesis, St Mary's University, Twickenham, 2016. http://research.stmarys.ac.uk/1483/.
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This thesis will answer, “How do ethnic labels function in the Gospel of John?” In order to answer this question properly, this thesis draws on social-scientific theories on ethnic groups, deviancy, and labeling. The primary examples of ethnic labeling for this thesis are John 4:9 and 8:48. In each instance, members from “the Jews” (ʼΙουδαῖοι) and “Samaritans” label Jesus as a member of each other’s group. The Gospel of John’s dual ethnic labeling of Jesus participates in a history of discourse between “the Jews” and “Samaritans.” Both people groups adhere to an “us” versus “them” mentality because they both identify themselves as Israelites while rejecting the other group’s claim to that identity. The parameters of the discourse are determined by not only how each ethnic group identifies themselves but particularly how they construct the category for the other’s group. Once the parameters of discourse are in place, then we can address the function of ethnic labels in the Gospel of John. On both occasions Jesus is labeled because he deviates from what are deemed to be acceptable practices as a member of “the Jews.” The function of Jesus’s dual ethnic labeling in the Gospel of John is to establish a new pattern of practices and categories for the “children of God” who are a trans-ethnic group united as a fictive-kinship and who are embedded within the Judean ethnic group’s culture and traditions. The Johannine Jesus is portrayed as “the Jews’” Messiah (1:45; 20:31), who brings “salvation from the Jews” (4:22), and who is “the savior of the world” (4:42). The Gospel of John presents Jesus as broadening the more restrictive boundaries within “his own people” (1:11) in order to “draw all people to myself” (12:32).
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Klinghardt, Matthias. "Marcion’s Gospel and the New Testament: Catalyst or Consequence?" Cambridge University Press, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A70706.
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These three short papers were delivered in the ‘Quaestiones disputatae’ session at the 71st General Meeting of the Studiorum Novi Testamenti Societas, held at McGill University, Montreal, on 3 August 2016. The session was chaired by Professor Carl Holladay, President of the Society.
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Miles, Donald Joseph. "Preservation of the Writing Approaches of the Four Gospel Writers in the Joseph Smith Translation of the Bible." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 1991. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/u?/MTGM,40877.
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Ramey, Margaret E. "The quest for the fictional Jesus : Gospel rewrites, Gospel (re)interpretation, and Christological portraits within Jesus novels." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1861.
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Jesus' story has been retold in various forms and fashions for centuries. Jesus novels, a subset of the historical fiction genre, are one of the latest means of not only re-imagining the man from Galilee but also of rewriting the canonical Gospels. This thesis explores the Christological portraits constructed in four of those novels while also using the novels to examine the intertextual play of these Gospel rewrites with their Gospel progenitors. Chapter 1 offers a prolegomenon to the act of fictionalizing Jesus that discusses the relationship between the person and his portraits and the hermeneutical circle created by these texts as they both rewrite the Gospels and stimulate a rereading of them. It also establishes the "preposterous" methodology that will be used when reexamining the Gospels "post" reading the novels. Chapters 2 to 5 offer four case studies of "complementing" and "competing" novels and the techniques they use to achieve these aims: Anne Rice's Christ the Lord: Out of Egypt; Neil Boyd's The Hidden Years; Nino Ricci's Testament; and José Saramago's The Gospel according to Jesus Christ. Chapter 6 begins an examination of a specific interpretive circle based upon Jesus' temptation in the wilderness. Beginning with the synoptic accounts of that event, the chapter then turns to how Jesus' testing has been reinterpreted and presented in two of the novels. Returning to the Gospel of Matthew's version of the Temptation, chapter 7 offers a "preposterous" examination of that pericope, which asks novel questions of the text and its role with Matthew's narrative context based on issues raised by the Gospel rewrites. The thesis concludes by suggesting that Jesus novels, already important examples of the reception history of the Gospels, can also play a helpful role in re-interpreting the Gospels themselves.
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Kim, Hanjay D. "The Mosaic law in the Old Testament and the New Testament." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Flemming, D. "Essence and adaptation : Contextualization and the heart of Paul's gospel." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234363.
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Broer, Frederick Edward. "The Passion According to the Gospel of John." Thesis, Boston University, 1986. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/30666.
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PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston University, 1953. PLEASE NOTE: pages 51 and 52 were missing in the physical thesis.
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Wilson, Alistair I. "Matthew's portrait of Jesus the judge, with special reference to Matthew 21-25." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2001. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU602032.
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This thesis sets out to examine a section of the canonical text of the gospel of Matthew (Matthew 21-25) with a view to its contribution to the search for knowledge of Jesus as an historical figure. Methodologically, then, this thesis respects the literary coherence of the final form of the gospel of Matthew, but raises the question of its significance for an understanding of the historical Jesus. In an attempt to offer a fresh analysis of the material, the thesis takes up the use of the models of 'prophet' and 'sage' in contemporary scholarship, and investigates the theme of judgement in selected portions of the canonical and non-canonical Jewish literature associated with the prophets and the sages at the time of Jesus. It emerges that Jesus' proclamation of judgement reflects previous canonical themes found in both prophetic and Wisdom literature. Such deep dependence upon Jewish prophetic and Wisdom literature does not inevitably result in either Schweitzer's prophet of the imminent end or the 'non-eschatological sage' of Borg and others. Matthew portrays Jesus as prophet by means of his accounts of Jesus' prophetic acts, his declaration of impending national catastrophe and his warning of eschatological judgement. Matthew portrays Jesus as sage by means of his emphasis on the provocative aphoristic and narrative meshalim which Jesus employs to expose the errors of the Jewish religious leaders and to declare judgement upon them. He also highlights Jesus' emphasis, typical of Wisdom literature, on the judgement of God upon injustice, while not hesitating to indicate the eschatological element in Jesus' Wisdom sayings. Of particular significance in the ongoing discussion over Jesus' eschatological expectations, which are clearly of great significance for his teaching and actions relating to judgement, is the nature of 'apocalyptic' language. This thesis therefore discusses the biblical language at the centre of this debate in the light of its location in Matthew's text and considering the most likely background to his thinking. We conclude that many scholars have driven too great a wedge between what is 'apocalyptic' and what is 'prophetic', and propose that 'apocalyptic' texts in Matthew are best interpreted with the canonical prophetic literature as the most significant backdrop. We submit that when this material is read in its canonical background, its significance becomes clear so that it is no longer necessary to regard it as predictive of the parousia but rather symbolic of a great vindication of Jesus. In particular, when these sayings are interpreted in their context in Matthew's gospel, according to the approach to 'apocalyptic' language argued for in the thesis, they may be understood as natural and appropriate sayings of Jesus. That is, by means of recognising their coherence with the narrative in which they are set when interpreted in a manner in keeping with their most likely literary background, these sayings may be said to have a substantial claim to being authentic portions of the teaching of the historical Jesus. The thesis concludes that Matthew presents Jesus as one who embodies the prophet and the teacher of Wisdom, and who goes beyond these figures in important ways as he takes to himself the role of judgement in a way that is highly distinctive among the religious figures of his day.
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Baban, Octavian. "Luke's 'on the road' encounters as narrative mimesis : a contribution to the study of Luke's theology of the Way the narrative anatomy and function of Luke's post-Easter hodos encounters." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313179.
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Smith, James Andrew. "Marks of an apostle : context, deconstruction, (re)citation and proclamation in Philippians." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2002. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3535/.
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Neagoe, Alexandru. "The trial and confirmation of the gospel : an apologetic reading of Luke's trial narratives." Thesis, Middlesex University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314116.
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Bell, Lonnie David. "Textual stability and fluidity exhibited in the earliest Greek manuscripts of John : an analysis of the second/third-century fragments with attention also to the more extensive papyri (P45, P66, P75)." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11768.
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This thesis is an assessment of the character of textual transmission reflected in the pre-fourth century Greek manuscripts of the Gospel of John. Since John is the most attested New Testament book among the early papyri, has the highest number of papyri that share overlapping text, and is the best attested Christian text in the second century, it serves well as a case study into the level of fluidity and stability of the New Testament text in its earliest period of transmission. The transmission of New Testament writings in this period has been characterized by a number of scholars as error-prone, free, wild and chaotic. This thesis is an inquiry into the validity of this characterization. I contend that our earliest extant manuscripts should serve as the most relevant evidence for addressing this issue, both for the period in which they were copied and for inferences about the preceding period for which we lack manuscript evidence. My treatment of the earliest Greek manuscripts of John primarily involves a fresh and full assessment of the level of fluidity and stability exhibited in the 14 smaller fragments (P5, P22, P28, P39, P52, P90, P95, P106, P107, P108, P109, P119, P121, 0162) by identifying on the basis of internal evidence the character of variants and unique readings attested. Additionally, I compare the number, character and significance of the singular/sub-singular readings of each early fragmentary manuscript with those in the same portion of text in the major majuscule manuscripts up through the seventh century that share complete overlap. The unique readings of P66 and P75 are added to this comparison where they fully overlap with the smaller fragments. Since P45 and P66 have been particularly identified with a “free” manner of transmission, I include an extended discussion in my introductory section in which I engage with research on the character of transmission exhibited in these two witnesses. My analysis of these early manuscripts based on the internal evidence of readings allows for a more in-depth and accurate characterization of the freedom and/or care exhibited. The comparison of singular and sub-singular readings with those of the later majuscules facilitates a diachronic comparison of the number and nature of readings most likely to have been generated at the time in which each respective manuscript was transcribed. This latter step allows us to test, by way of these passages, whether or not the manuscript tradition can be fairly characterized as freer and more prone to corruption in the second and third centuries than in subsequent centuries. From these data, and in conjunction with observations made on any relevant physical features of the manuscripts themselves, I conclude that the copying of John during the second and third centuries was characterized largely by stability and by continuity with the later period. These conclusions serve the broader purpose of providing a window on the character of New Testament textual transmission in the earliest centuries.
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Johnson, Michael Leroy. "Critical success factors for electronic marketplaces : an exploratory study." Thesis, Durham University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242613.
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Hoskin, Peter John. "The narrative geography of Mark." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322744.
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McGrath, James Frank. "John's apologetic Christology : legitimation and development in Johannine Christology." Thesis, Durham University, 1998. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1287/.
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McKay, Niall. "Luke and Yoder : an intertextual reading of the third gospel in the name of Christian politics." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17842.
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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Critical New Testament study has drawn on analytical techniques and interrogatory methods from a wide range of disciplines. In recent decades the dominance of historical and ecclesiologicallylocated approaches have been challenged by insights from literary, sociological, anthropological, cultural and ideological scholarship. These challenges have proved fruitful and opened biblical scholarship to new and generative interpretation. This plurality of interpretation has in turn challenged the reductionism of biblical scholarship, leading to the now common acknowledgement that a particular reading or reconstruction is but one of many. Unfortunately many new readings have been too tightly bound to a single method or insight. The broad interaction between these readings has been often overlooked. In contrast to this trend an epistemology of text emerging from the poststructural notion of intertextuality allows the construction of links between a range of interpretive methods. Intertextuality emerges from literary and cultural theory but spills over to make hermeneutical connections with historical, cultural and ideological theory. For the most part New Testament scholars who have appropriated the term have noted this but not thoroughly explored it. In this study an ideologically-declared overtly intertextual approach to the third canonical gospel demonstrates the interlinking hermeneutic allowed by intertextuality. John Howard Yoder's reading of the gospel of Luke underscores the development of a Christian social-ethic. This reading in turn forms the framework for the more overtly intertextual reading offered here. An intertextual reading of the New Testament Scriptures is both narratively generative and politically directive for many Christian communities.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Kritiese Nuwe Testamentiese studies het in die verlede gebruik gemaak van analitiese tegnieke en ondervraende metodes uit ‘n wye verskeidenheid van dissiplines. Meer onlangs is die oorheersing van historiese en kerklik-gerigte benaderings uitgedaag deur insigte vanuit letterkundige, sosiologiese, antropologiese, kulturele en ideologiese dissiplines. Hierdie uitdagings het vrugbaar geblyk en het Bybelse vakkennis toeganklik gemaak vir nuwe en produktiewe interpretasies. Hierdie meervoudige interpretasies het op hul beurt weer die reduksionisme in Bybelse geleerdheid uitgedaag, wat aanleiding gegee het tot die nou algemene erkenning dat ‘n bepaalde vertolking of rekonstruksie slegs een van vele is. Die breë wisselwerking tussen sulke vertolkings word dikwels misgekyk. In teenstelling met hierdie neiging, laat ‘n epistemologie van die teks wat te voorskyn kom uit ‘n poststrukturele begrip van intertekstualiteit toe dat verbande gekonstrueer word word tussen ‘n verskeidenheid van vertolkingsmetodes. Intertekstualiteit spruit voort uit literêre en kulturele teorie, maar vorm ook hermeneutiese skakels met historiese, kulturele en ideologie kritiek. Die meeste Nuwe Testamentici wat gebruik gemaak het van hierdie term, het kennis geneem van sulke verbande, maar dit nie altyd volledig verreken nie. In hierdie studie demonstreer ‘n ideologies-verklaarde, openlik intertekstuele benadering tot die derde kanonieke evangelie die gekoppelde hermeneutiek wat toegelaat word deur intertekstualiteit. John Howard Yoder se vertolking van die Evangelie van Lukas plaas klem op die ontwikkeling van ‘n Christelike sosiale etiek. Hierdie interpretasie vorm op sy beurt weer die raamwerk vir die meer openlik intertekstuele vertolking wat hier aangebied word. ‘n Intertekstuele interpretasie van die Nuwe Testamentiese geskrifte is beide verhalend produktief asook polities rigtinggewend vir talle Christelike gemeenskappe.
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Santoja, Jakub. "The sense of a beginning : Bakhtinian dialogic criticism on 'the Gospel' in Mark." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3489/.
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Contemporary literary approaches have caused paradigm shifts in Biblical Studies in the last two decades as it appears in a great deal of Markan studies using narrative, reader-response, deconstructive, feminist, and new historicist approaches. However, literary studies on the Gospel of Mark have not taken into account theoretical questions underlying those approaches. As a result biblical critics are driven by new trends without ever having a chance to examine the critical baggage of the approaches. Consequently, there is a gap of communication between the old and the new one. Therefore this thesis is an attempt to meet the need of enhancing the quality of critical endeavour in biblical studies. In the light of most recent competing critical theories of literature, the first contribution of this thesis is the methodological finding that Bakhtinian dialogic criticism contains the most profound philosophical and practical foundations for solving some crucial theoretical problems in contemporary literary theories. It is a critique to a Saussurian linguistic system of language which becomes the very foundation of modern and postmodern literary criticism. Bakhtinian literary theory shifts the foundation of literary criticism on linguistic signs into the creative activity of the socio-cultural production of human communication. The shift into socio-cultural reality of language communication makes the notion of 'genre' very important to unlock the problem of text and context in literary studies. Since the Gospel of Mark has fascinated most literary critics in Biblical Studies, the problem of 'genre' of this gospel is chosen as the focus of this study. Secondly, as no agreement is reached as to what 'genre' the Gospel of Mark belongs, this thesis makes its contribution to the discussion by locating the problem of 'genre' of Mark in the context of genre theories and argues that the Bakhtinian suggestion to find genre in the socio-cultural sphere by analysing artistic intercourse between narrative agents in Mark has freed the competing analysis from the unresolved problem between the kerygmatic (content oriented) approach and the analogical (form oriented) approach. To achieve finding 'genre' in the socio-cultural sphere, this thesis focuses on Bakhtinian analysis of the process of artistic intercourse between narrative agents. The narrative communicative interrelationships between narrative agents is constructed in this thesis as a 'stereophonic' Bakhtinian model of dialogic communication. This model is an original contribution of this thesis for revising the traditional two dimensional model of narrative communication. Based on this dialogical model of communication, a special role is given to the Bakhtinian 'author-creator' in the realization process of genre through the interaction of polyphonic voices. Through the interaction of voices of the author-artist and the hero we are led to discover a relatively stable type of portraying and controlling reality in Mark, known as the genre of Roman 'satire'. The closest literary affinity is Satyrica by Petronius. This narrative strategy of 'satire' in Mark has its root in the prophetic discourse of the Old Testament which is saturating the speech of the narrator, John the Immerser, the centurion, the people, and even Jesus. Finally, the whole search for Markan 'genre' culminates in the analysis of the realization of genre through the analysis of Bakhtinian chronotope. The reality of the genre of Mark is its social reality that is in its role as dpxrj/ 'beginning'. As the Gospel of Mark proclaims itself as 'a beginning', it defines its claim of socio-cultural 'authority' in early Christianity. It is this 'sense of beginning' which enables the narrating and the narrated world of Mark to interact dialogically.
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Kim, Jae Soon. "'The prophet like Moses' motif of Dt 18:15, 18 in John's gospel." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-06192009-184036.
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Jensen, Alexander Soenderup. "The struggle for language : John's Gospel as a witness to the development of the early Christian language of faith." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4990/.
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This thesis attempts to develop an approach to the New Testament which does justice to the New Testament as both sacred scripture of Christianity and historical human document. Based on the Lutheran and German Existentialist hermeneutical tradition language is viewed as the bearer of meaning rather than as a pointer to meaning which is to be found behind the text. This approach is relevant for the discussion of neo-Barthian as well as post-modem hermeneutics. It demands a consistent application of historical criticism, leading to a hermeneutical theology rather than the ruling of theology over against biblical interpretation. The first main part of the thesis is dedicated to the development of a theological theory of language. The thesis starts with an assessment of the Barth-Bultmann debate, where the underlying differences in their respective theories of language are analysed. It proceeds to a critical discussion of Rudolf Bultmann's hermeneutical theory, in the course of which Bultmann's theology and hermeneutics are identified as leading to a theocentric personalism. In addition, his hermeneutics are found to have important deficits in the underlying theory of language namely to ignore the role language plays as the bearer of meaning. In order to develop a theological theory of language which is based on the assumption that language is the bearer of meaning while avoiding Bultmann's shortcomings, the argument will follow the further development of existentialist hermeneutics and enter a discussion with the later Heidegger, Gadamer and Ricoeur. As a result, the concept of Christianity as Struggle for Language will be introduced. Here, Christianity and the New Testament in particular is understood as the continuing endeavour to translate the Christian kerygma so that it is meaningful in present discourse. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to the application of the main thesis to selected texts from John's Gospel, namely the hymn underlying the prologue John 1:1-18, the Nicodemus-discourse John 3:1-21 and the final prayer John 17.
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Kim, Young Jin. "Jesus and the gentiles in the Gospel of Matthew a historical study of the redemption motif /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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Miyazaki, Homare. "A chiastic reading of the Passover narratives in the Fourth Gospel." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com.
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Middlekauff, Andrew G. "The necessity of more than one witness the New Testament applies the principle of Deuteronomy 19:15 /." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 2003. http://www.tren.com.
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Eloff, Mervyn. "From the exile to the Christ : exile, restoration and the interpretation of Matthew's gospel." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52854.
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Thesis (DTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2002ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate by critical interaction with four key areas of Matthean research that 'restoration from exile' provides a valid and valuable hermeneutical prism for the interpretation of Matthew's gospel. The investigation is undertaken from a Reformed and Evangelical perspective and an inclusive approach is adopted with regard to hermeneutics, viz that interpretation should take note of the historical and literary and theological aspects of Matthew's gospel. The four key areas of investigation were chosen because they involve both particular texts and the gospel as a whole and are, respectively, Matthew's genealogy, Matthew's concept of Salvation History, the Plot of Matthew's gospel and Matthew's Use of the Old Testament. Each of these areas has already received extensive attention in Matthean scholarship, though in each case the question of'restoration from exile' has been almost entirely neglected. In each area, a brief critical survey of current scholarship is provided, both in terms of content and methodology. This survey is then followed by a discussion ofthe relevant texts and topics, demonstrating both the presence and the hermeneutical importance of the 'restoration from exile' theme. In this way, the thesis thus shows that 'restoration from exile' does indeed provide a valid though not exclusive, hermeneutical prism for the interpretation of Matthew's gospel and that such an interpretation casts fresh light on both familiar and more troublesome texts and topics of investigation. The final section of the thesis comprises a brief survey of the theme of 'restoration from exile' within the Hebrew Scriptures and a representative selection of early Jewish texts. On the basis of this survey, the conclusion is reached that despite the very real diversity within early Judaism, it is possible to conclude that perhaps the majority of Jews of the Second Temple Period saw themselves as still 'in exile', at least in theological and spiritual terms. This in turn suggests that Matthew's presentation of Jesus as the one, who by his death and resurrection brings the exile to an end, both for Israel and for the human race at large, is designed to meet a very real spiritual and theological need. Furthermore, the pervasive interest in 'restoration from exile' within representative texts from Second Temple Judaism, and Matthew's clear interest in this same theme, further support claims for the Jewish-Christian setting of Matthew 's gospel and its dual function of legitimization for the Matthean communities and evangelistic appeal to outsiders.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die proefskrif beoog om deur middel van kritiese wisselwerking met vier sleutelgebiede van navorsing met betrekking tot die Matteusevangelie aan te toon dat 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' 'n geldige en waardevolle hermeneutiese prisma bied vir die verklaring van die Matteusevangelie. Die ondersoek word vanuit 'n Gereformeerde en Evangeliese standpunt onderneem. Daar word 'n inklusiewe hermeneutiese benadering gevolg, d. w.s. die historiese, literere en teologiese aspekte van die Matteusevangelie word in ag geneem. Die vier sleutelgebiede van ondersoek is gekies vanwee hulle verb and met spesifieke teksverse en die Matteusevangelie as geheel. Die sleutelgebiede is, onderskeidelik, die geslagsregister in Matteus I: 1-17, Matteus se konsep van heilsgeskiedenis, die plot van die Matteusevangelie en Matteus se gebruik van die Ou Testament. Elkeen van hierdie gebiede is in die verlede al breedvoerig deur geleerdes ondersoek, maar die tema van 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' is in elkeen van hierdie areas feitlik totaal verontagsaam. 'n Verkorte opsomming en bespreking van die hooftrekke van die bydraes van geleerdes word vir elk van die vier gebiede gegee, beide met betrekking tot inhoud en metodiek. Dit word gevolg deur 'n uitleg van sleutelverse en relevante temas om beide die teenwoordigheid en die belang van die 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' tema aan te toon. Op die wyse word daar in die proefskrifbewys dat 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' wei 'n geldige en waardevolle, dog nie die enigste nie, hermeneutiese prisma vir die uitleg van die Matteusevangelie verskaf. Dit is ook duidelik dat so 'n uitleg van Matteus wei nuwe lig op sowel bekende as minder bekende en moeiliker teksverse en temas gooi. Laastens word daar ondersoek gedoen na die belangstelling al dan nie in die tema 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' in die Ou Testament en 'n verteenwoordigende seleksie vroee Joodse geskrifte. Daar word aangetoon dat ondanks die verskeidenheid van wereldsienings onder die verskillende Joodse groepe, daar tog 'n algemene beskouing onder die meeste Jode van daardie periode was dat hulle steeds, ten minste in 'n geestelike en teologiese sin, 'in ballingskap' verkeer. Teen hierdie agtergrond is Matteus se voorstelling van Jesus as die Een wat die ballingskap vir Israel en die mensdom tot 'n einde bring van uiterste belang. So 'n belangstelling in 'terugkeer uit ballingskap' versterk ook verder die siening dat Matteus sy evangelie vir Joodse Christene geskryf het en dat Matteus se geskrif beide 'n legitimerings- en evangeliseringsfunksie vervul.
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Gombis, Timothy G. ""Why the law then?" the Mosaic law and the New Testament believer in Galatians 3:19-4:7 /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Go, Byung Chan. "'Belief' and 'Logos' in the prologue of the Gospel of John : an analysis of complex parallelism." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1383.
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Jacobs, Pierre J. "Globalized mission and the Social Gospel of Jesus : a postcolonial optic." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/46025.
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This study’s focus is Jesus’ significant representation of the kingdom of God
utilizable for mission today – a topic of importance for contemporary Christianity’s
sustainable reaction to a globalizing world. Christianity should not have to be a
spectator to globalization but one of its agents, one of the forces at work by
extending interconnection between peoples, shared ideas and promoted social,
political and cultural links. How should Christian churches conceive of their mission
within the context of a globalizing world? It is remarkable that after two millennia of
Jesus’ life, ‘mission in the kingdom of God’ is still of great importance for human life
on earth. Indeed, contemporary secularists might not commend religion with the
custody of such a fundamental burden of responsibility. Yet, considering the times
we live in, a foundation of sustainable values for earth are inescapably important.
Nevertheless, from what foundational values does Christianity draw to bear witness
of the divine in a secular age? When considering all the factors mentioned, what
foundational ethics and virtues of Christianity that we bear witness to are still
believable in a secular age?
The purpose of this study is not to provide a complete response to the question of
mission of the church in a globalizing world, but to establish a framework within
which answers may be sought. The study is informed from a variety of disciplines
such as politics, cultural theory and politics, which are not the usual fields of New
Testament Studies. Therefore, this study presents itself in five chapters informing
one another. Chapter 1 addresses the issues that surface from current missional
reaction and the broader implications that globalization has on changing social and
institutional realities and the churches’ response to it. Chapter 2 identifies
indispensable characteristics of the early twentieth century Social Gospel movement
to implement those values as essential building blocks in globalized mission. In
Chapter 3 investigates the potential use of Postcolonial Theory for categorizing
postcolonial characteristics of marginalization, oppression, neo-imperialism and neocolonialism.
Chapter 4 applies the outcomes of Chapter 1 through 3 with which
Richard Horsley’s proposed perspective on Jesus’ mission in Roman Palestine as the ‘renewal of Israel’ is considered to discern about the first century world and the
implications it has for the third millennium.
The Christian faith, among others, has marginalizing practices derived from centuries
old traditions and biased interpretations of Scripture. We see examples of it strewn
over two millennia. Chapter 5 concludes this cursory study by summarizing the
valuable and constructive characteristics in mission, globalization, postcolonial
studies and the Social Gospel. These characteristics can inform the Christian faith in
its responsibility of living, and letting others participate, through ‘mission’, in the
kingdom of God. Because if we do not, what is still believable today about the
significant life of Jesus?Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.
tm2015
New Testament Studies
PhD
Unrestricted
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Papaphilippopoulos, Rosalind. "Can a gospel convey truth? : an examination of the epistemology of New Testament hermeneutics with special reference to the Gospel of St Mark." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1996. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU076843.
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This thesis explores the hermeneutical implications of a Barthian epistemology, so that the givenness (of knowledge, ontology, talk of God and Scripture, the community of the Church) is paramount. This priority challenges both 'liberal' despair and fundamentalist arrogation of true reference to theological language and appropriate Biblical interpretation. This hermeneutical position also faces the postmodern challenge that there can be any truth at all, and, in particular, truth brought through the deconstruction of textuality as a medium. Thus knowledge, and especially knowledge of God, the language used to communicate that knowledge and that language as Scriptural textuality are important features of the discussion. There is an exploration of the role of inter-subjectivity (and thus community) as a prerequisite for knowledge and truth claims, critical assessment of these, and a discussion of the different ways that various 'communities' interpret Scripture (focusing on St. Mark's Gospel). The presuppositions of the different starting places are brought into view and the appropriateness of methodologies and approaches discussed. Questions regarding certainty and critical control of this community-generated variety of readings are tackled. The Quest for the Historical Jesus is seen as a 'test case' for historical knowledge and also the need and appropriateness of different approaches to the Gospels. The 'problem' that the Resurrection and post-Easter faith always seem to pose to the Quest is challenged and the former is taken as a priority rather than a stumbling block.
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Kierspel, Lars. "The Jews and the world in the fourth gospel parallelism, function, and context." Tübingen Mohr Siebeck, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2876820&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Wheaton, Gerald. "The role of the Jewish feasts in John's Gospel." Thesis, St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/942.
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Rytel-Andrianik, Pawel. "Use of Isaiah in the Fourth Gospel in comparison to the Synoptics and other places in the New Testament." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fb4891ee-6ee9-48d0-9d7c-3fecc2070d40.
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Isaiah, along with Psalms and Zechariah, is one of the most quoted OT books in the Fourth Gospel (FG). There are thorough studies regarding the citations from Psalms and Zechariah in the FG. However, a monograph-length study on the use of Isaiah in that book is still lacking. The present research aims to fill this gap. This study proposes not only to research into Isaianic citations in the FG (Is 40:3; Is 54:13; Is 53:1; Is 6:9-10), but also to complete a comparative study of their other occurrences in the NT. This is done by analysing eleven citations in total, of which nine are found in the FG and Synoptics, while the other two are found in Acts and in the Letter to the Romans (one citation in each). This comparative study leads to the conclusion that the same citation, even with the same Vorlage, can be used with two different meanings in two different places in the NT. Indeed, even where similar meanings are to be inferred, the exact uses of the citations have some nuances. Moreover, the deviations in the form of the citations should not be understood simply as due to defective memory: they may be explained by “application of exegetical techniques and devices” (Menken) or they may not. It seems rather that the Fourth Evangelist crafted them well, according to his genuine theological aims/agenda. In fact, he is much freer in the composition of his citations than the Synoptics. In common with the Synoptics, however, he mentions Isaiah in order to gain prophetic authority for some difficult claims and not merely to indicate the source of the citation. Finally, it is observed that all of the Isaianic quotations in the FG have one pattern in common: where the OT writer refers to the God of Israel, the Fourth Evangelist refers to Jesus Christ.
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Tritle, Jedidiah. "The Patristic Historians of Matthew's Gospel: A Critical Analysis of the Earliest Witnesses." Athenaeum of Ohio / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=athe155022231240027.
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Muller, van Velden Nina Elisabeth. "Crucifixion of masculinity : a gender critical (re)reading of the narrative of the cross as portrayed in the Gospel of Luke." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86292.
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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The South African society is violently sick to the core regarding gender and sexuality. Shockingly high statistics of gender-based violence and the everyday occurrences of gender injustices and gender discrimination are not unfamiliar to South Africans. All men and women, representing all sexual identities, are affected to a greater or lesser degree. The Christian church, as an influential social institution in the South African context, is often silent on these acts of violence, injustices and discrimination. Some argue that the church is not merely silent, but actively contributes to these injustices and violence by means of its teachings and practices. The church’s inadequate response to such a crisis in society is, however, not surprising in light of especially two factors: firstly, the patriarchal and heteronormative roots of the Christian church that still, up to this day, have an enormous influence on the Christian tradition globally; and secondly, the manner in which the Bible is often misused to direct discourses and opinions regarding gender and sexuality. Ahistorical and selective readings of biblical texts serve as validation of contemporary (and very popular) stereotypical and discriminatory views on gender and sexuality, with little or no recognition of the socio-cultural contexts in which texts originated. Central faith narratives, such as the crucifixion narratives and its portrayals of Jesus of Nazareth as a male, has a great influence on the manner in which gender and sexuality is understood within the Christian church. The Lukan crucifixion narrative portrays Jesus of Nazareth as a hypermasculine character who is able to uphold and even increase his socially-constructed male honour and power throughout the most shaming event of antiquity, namely the Roman crucifixion. Often this type of portrayal of Jesus of Nazareth is preferred in the Christian church, at the cost of the less hypermasculine portrayals that can also rightly be found in the Gospel narratives, and misused to validate essentialist notions of gender and sexuality. This study suggests that a queer reading or a reimagining of specifically the Lukan crucifixion narrative is needed in order to put forward alternative interpretations of the maleness of Jesus of Nazareth, and consequently the manner in which gender and sexuality is popularly understood from a Christian perspective. This is possible if the socio-cultural context of the world behind the narrative, namely the 1st century Mediterranean world and Greco-Roman society, is taken seriously. In this manner the crucifixion narrative might become a narrative that blurs the lines of simplistic gender categories, rather than enforcing it as is often still the case. By offering fresh perspectives on such an influential narrative, the church might be able to engage critically with itself as well as society regarding the disturbingly large amount of injustices, discrimination and violence based on gender and sexuality.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die Suid-Afrikaanse samelewing kan tereg as gewelddadiglik siek beskryf word wanneer daar na gender en seksualiteit verwys word. Suid-Afrikaners is nie onbekend met hemelhoë statistieke van gender-gebaseerde geweld, tesame met die alledaagse voorvalle van gender ongeregtigheid en gender diskriminasie nie. Alle mans en vrouens, verteenwoordigend van alle seksuele identiteite, word tot ’n mindere of meerdere mate hierdeur geraak. Die Christelike kerk, wat steeds gereken word as ’n invloedryke sosiale instelling in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks, se stem is dikwels stil rakende hierdie dade van geweld, ongeregtigheid en diskriminasie. Sommige is van mening dat die kerk nie bloot net stil is hieroor nie, maar dat dit aktief bydra tot hierdie ongeregtighede en geweld deur middel van leringe en praktyke. Die kerk se onvoldoende respons op hierdie krisis in die samelewing is egter nie verrassend nie. Veral twee faktore dra hiertoe by: eerstens, die patriargale en heteronormatiewe fondasies van die Christelike kerk wat tot vandag toe nog ’n enorme invloed uitoefen op die Christelike tradisie wêreldwyd; en tweedens, die manier waarop die Bybel dikwels misbruik word om diskoerse en opinies rakende gender en seksualiteit op baie spesifieke maniere te rig. Die ahistoriese en selektiewe lees van bybelse tekste dien as gepaste bewyse vir hedendaagse (en baie gewilde) stereotipiese en diskriminerende beskouings van gender en seksualiteit, met min of geen erkenning van die sosio-kulturele kontekste waarin dit ontstaan het nie. Sentrale geloofsverhale, soos die kruisigingsverhale en hul voorstellings van Jesus van Nasaret as ’n man, oefen ‘n groot invloed uit op die manier waarop gender en seksualiteit verstaan word binne die Christelike kerk. Die kruisigingsverhaal van die evangelie van Lukas stel Jesus van Nasaret voor as ’n hipermanlike karakter wat sy sosiaal-gekonstrueerde manlike eer en mag kan behou en selfs vermeerder, te midde van een van die meeste beskamende gebeure van die antieke tyd, naamlik die Romeinse kruisiging. Hierdie tipe voorstelling van Jesus van Nasaret geniet dikwels voorkeur in die Christelike kerk, ten koste van minder hipermanlike voorstellings wat met ewe veel reg in die verhale van die Evangelies te vinde is. Hierdie studie stel voor dat ‘n “queer” lees of ’n hervoorstelling van die kruisigingsverhaal van spesifiek die evangelie van Lukas nodig is, ten einde alternatiewe interpretasies van die manlikheid van Jesus van Nasaret daar te stel. Dit is moontlik indien erns gemaak word met die sosio-kulturele konteks agter die verhaal, naamlik die 1ste eeuse Mediterreense wêreld en die Grieks-Romeinse samelewing. Gevolglik sou die gewilde, dog stereotipiese interpretasies van gender en seksualiteit vanuit ’n Christelike perspektief uitgedaag kan word. Op hierdie manier kan die kruisigingsverhaal ’n verhaal word wat simplistiese gender-kategorisering ondermyn, eerder as om dit te bevestig. Deur vars interpretasies van hierdie invloedryke verhaal voor te stel, mag die kerk dalk krities kan omgaan met die kerk self sowel as met die samelewing, rakende die ontstellende hoë voorkoms van ongeregtighede, diskriminisaie en geweld gebaseer op gender en seksualiteit.
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Blomgren, Sandra. "Kvinnan som tvättar Jesus fötter : En feministisk närläsning av Luk 7:36-50." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-352781.
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Bibeln är skrivet med ett androcentriskt synsätt. Den är skriven av män, om män och för män. Detta leder till att kvinnorna i biblen är beskrivna utifrån ett manligt perspektiv. I denna uppsats undersöks hur kvinnorna i Lukasevangeliet porträtteras samt hur kvinnobilden som framträder gestaltas i kvinnan som tvättar Jesus fötter i Luk 7:36-50. Detta görs utifrån ett feministiskt synsätt och med en kritiskt granskning av hur detta har uttryckts i tolkningen av perikopen i och med att kvinnan tolkas som prostituerad, trots att detta inte nämns i texten. uppsatsen undersöker frågorna "Hur ser kvinnobilden ut i Lukasevangeliet och hur gestaltas detta i Luk 7:36-50?" samt "Varför har kvinnan i Luk 7:36-50 tolkats som prostituerad?"
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PESSINA, ANNA. "ANALISI FILOLOGICA E STORICO-TEOLOGICA DI UN INNO PASQUALE PRIMIGENIO. IL CASO DI Mt 27,51b - 53." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/63895.
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L’elaborato analizza e ricostruisce la storia del testo del brano neotestamentario di Mt 27,51b-53. Il breve componimento, di natura innodica, assume particolare rilievo per la sua collocazione all’interno del racconto della passione, cuore dell’annuncio evangelico. Attraverso l’applicazione di una metodologia che tenga conto delle peculiarità di origine, redazione e trasmissione della letteratura protocristiana, il passo in questione è assunto come caso di studio per una rivalutazione, nella constitutio textus del Nuovo Testamento, della c.d. tradizione indiretta, non sempre adeguatamente valutata dalla filologia tradizionale. Il lavoro è strutturato in due macro-sezioni: la prima, filologica, volta a far emergere, attraverso l’analisi delle citazioni indirette, la forma testuale più antica. Particolare attenzione è rivolta all’espressione «dopo la sua risurrezione», non presente nella fase primitiva del testo. La seconda sezione, storico-teologica, analizza il contesto di formazione e utilizzo della pericope, avallando l’ipotesi di un’origine innodica del brano. Esso sarebbe stato un materiale liturgico precedente, forse giudeo-cristiano, a disposizione della comunità e fatto qui confluire dal redattore del Vangelo per celebrare il sacrificio di Gesù. Vengono, infine, indagate le motivazioni teologiche che potrebbero aver contribuito, tra il III e il IV secolo, alla modifica del dettato testuale più antico.The thesis aims to reconstruct the history of the text of Matt 27:51b-53. This brief composition, probably a hymn, is particularly relevant for its arrangement in the passion narrative, which is the most important point of the Gospel’s kerygma. By applying a methodology that takes into consideration the peculiarity of the origin, the redaction, and the transmission of the earliest Christian literature, these verses are assumed as a study case, in order to value the indirect tradition in the reconstruction of the text of the New Testament. The work is divided into two parts: the first one, philological, brings out, through the indirect quotations, the earliest form of the text, which is partly different from the canonical one. Here, the sentence «after his resurrection» is relevant because it was not present in the primitive text. The second section analyses the context and the employment of the Matthean pericope in order to confirm the hypothesis of the hymn. It might have been a liturgical material, perhaps Jewish-Christian, used by the community and added to the Gospel by the redactor. Finally, this study takes into account the theological reasons that could have caused, within the third and fourth centuries, the modification of the earliest text.
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Kevil, Timothy J. (Timothy Jack). "At Once in All its Parts: Narrative Unity in the Gospel of Mark." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500633/.
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The prevailing analyses of the structure of the Gospel of Mark represent modifications of the form-critical approach and reflect its tendency to regard the Gospel not as a unified narrative but as an anthology of sayings and acts of Jesus which were selected and more or less adapted to reflect the early Church's theological understanding of Christ. However, a narrative-critical reading of the Gospel reveals that the opening proclamation, the Transfiguration, and the concluding proclamation provide a definite framework for a close pattern of recurring words, repeated questions, interpolated narrative, and inter locking parallels which unfold the basic theme of the Gospel: the person and work of Christ.
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Evavoll, Robin. "Kvinnor om kvinnor i nytestamentliga berättelser : Vad kvinnliga exegeter lyfter fram i berättelser där Jesus interagerar med kvinnor." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för kultur och estetik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-145704.
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Den svenska skolan skall bl.a. vila på en kristen tradition enligt Lgr 11, men benämner inte närmre vems kristna tradition eller hur denna tradition bör ta sin form i klassrummet. Att tolka den kristna traditionen kan göras på många sätt, men för att exemplifiera problematiken i tolkningar så utgår uppsatsen från att belysa hur mångfacetterat ett resultat kan bli även vid ett par utvalda bibelberättelser från en relativt homogen grupp uttolkare. Syftet för den här konsumtionsuppsatsen är att undersöka vad kvinnliga exegeter belyser när de beskriver hur kvinnor interagerar med Jesus i två utvalda berättelser ur Nya testamentets evangelier. Exegeternas beskrivningar utreds också komparativt för att finna skiljaktigheter och liknelser. Vidare förs det även en didaktisk diskussion kopplat till skolans religionsundervisning om hur tolkningar kring en och samma berättelse som didaktiskt medel kan berika undervisningssammanhang i klassrummet. Resultatet i uppsatsen visar både hur exegeterna har laborerat fram sina tolkningar och vad dessa tolkningar resulterat i för bibelberättelserna. I ett komparativt arbetssätt utvidgar exegeterna kontexten för bibelberättelserna på macronivå för att understödja den närmre analys de för på micronivå. De finner stöd i bl.a. lingvistik, utombibliska dokument och kulturella företeelser för att understödja deras argumentation om kvinnorna i de bibliska berättelserna. Kvinnorna i de båda bibliska berättelserna porträtteras på ett nytt sätt och utmärks av vissa exegeter till både apostel och lärjunge. Resultatet för den religionsdidaktiska diskussionen utmynnas i både hur elever och främst lärare bör anamma en reflexivitet för att granska sig själva och hur tolkningar görs i vardagen för att kartlägga mönster där exotifiering och maktförskjutningar sker när religioner behandlas i klassrummet. Religionsdidaktikernas pedagogiska verktyg gynnar elevernas analyserande förmågor och kritiska tänkande vid exempelvis komparativa tolkningsövningar av urkunder. Hos läraren uppmanas en självkännedom genom att aktivt kunna belysa hur tolkningar av religioner förs i klassrummet och ifall det görs på någons bekostnad. Genus förs som en diskussionspunkt i förhållande till uppsatsens val att låta kvinnor ta plats och tolka religion. Genom genus kan en androgyn syn på religionsdidaktik framföras och låta en inkludering ske i religionsdiskursen där kvinnor inte längre är en åtskild minoritet inom religion, utan en aktiv och inkluderande part.
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Clarke, Fern Katharine Thorven. "God's concern for the poor in the New Testament : a discussion of the role of the poor in the foundation of Christian belief (early to mid first century CE)." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324068.
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Hellgren, Samuel. "Jesu mor – från Kana till korset : En hermeneutisk analys av bibelkommentarer till Johannesevangeliet." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-149291.
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Denna uppsats söker besvara frågan ”Hur tolkas Jesu mor i nutida bibelkommentarer till Johannesevangeliet, utifrån de exegetiska forskningsfälten historicitet, litterärkritik och teologi?”. Syftet är att bidra till ett kritiskt och reflekterande samtal kring den exegetiska bibelkommentaren som genre, och i synnerhet bidra till en ökad förståelse av hur nutida exegetiska bibelkommentarer behandlar en teologiskt omstridd biblisk gestalt. Uppsatsen utgår från en teoretisk utgångspunkt som innebär att exegetik inte kan bedrivas opåverkad av exegetens egna föreställningar, varför skillnader mellan olika tolkningar är att förvänta. Uppsatsen har en kvalitativ, hermeneutisk metodansats. Det metodologiska tillvägagångssättet är att med hjälp av problemformuleringen och arbetsfrågorna analysera och diskutera hur Jesu moders historiska, litterära och teologiska roll i bibeltexterna Joh 2:1-11 och 19:25-27 tolkas i nio utvalda exegetiska kommentarer till Johannesevangeliet.I kapitel 1 introduceras teori, metod, avgränsningar, begrepp, angränsande forskning, material och disposition. I kapitel 2 presenteras de grekiska texterna till de aktuella perikoperna 2:1-11 och 19:25-27, som ett stöd för läsaren. I kapitel 3 analyseras de nio bibelkommentarerna i tur och ordning enligt arbetsfrågorna. I kapitel 4 sätts bibelkommentarernas respektive tolkningar i relation till varandra; och en diskussion kring likheter, skillnader och mönster förs. I samma kapitel presenteras en sammanfattande diskussion, uppsatsens slutsatser och förslag till framtida forskning.Uppsatsens slutsatser är (1) att Jesu mor som historisk gestalt är indirekt föremål för diskussion, genom en mer övergripande diskussion om Johannesevangeliet som ögonvittnesskildring eller ej, (2) att Jesu mor i allmänhet framstår som en rund, statisk (se 1.3 Teori och metod för en förklaring av dessa begrepp) karaktär i de analyserade kommentarerna, och (3) att Jesu mor av de flesta anses som en viktig teologisk gestalt, framförallt som en del i en uppfattad johanneisk teologi om en familj av troende som instiftas av Jesus; en ståndpunkt som dock väcker debatt och möter motstånd
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Hedin, Gunilla. "Jesus förkunnelse om Guds rike enligt Lukasevangeliet : En analys av Luk 11:1-4, 11:14-23, 17:20-21, 22:28-30." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för diakoni, kyrkomusik och teologi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-4719.
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I den här uppsatsen har jag undersökt hur Jesus förkunnelse om Guds rike kan förstås utifrån Lukasevangeliet. Att närstudera ett enda evangelium, och dessutom inte hela evangeliet utan bara fyra perikoper i det, innebär en mycket tydlig avgränsning. Värdet i att försöka förstå vad Jesus säger utifrån denna enskilda sammanhängande källa är att den kan ha ett större djup än en bild som sätts ihop av ett godtyckligt antal fragment från olika källor. I Lukasevangeliet nämner Jesus ordet rike med syftning på Guds rike över 20 gånger fördelat på 18 episoder. Med metoden diskursanalys har jag delat in dessa ställen i tre kategorier som jag kallar diskurs A, B och C. Diskurs A handlar om att Guds rike har högsta prioritet, men beskriver inte riket. Diskurs B beskriver på olika sätt hur Guds rike är. Diskurs C omtalar Guds rike som ett löfte. De fyra perikoper jag analyserar i detalj representerar på olika sätt de diskurser jag identifierat i evangeliet som helhet. Luk 11:1-4 hör till diskurs A, Luk 11:14-23 och Luk 17:20-21 till diskurs B, och Luk 22:24-30 till diskurs C. Traditionen att författaren till dubbelverket Lukasevangeliet och Apostlagärningarna är just Lukas går tillbaka till mitten av 100-talet. Verket utmärks av universalism och en viss syn på rikedom och fattigdom som antagligen kom från författarens församling i Antiochia. Där predikades evangeliet för icke-judar, och där fanns engagemanget i de fattiga och behövande. Det var viktigt att inte fastna i det världsliga livet och lockas att samla rikedomar. Lärjungaskapet skulle vara helhjärtat. När Jesus talar om Guds rike i Lukasevangeliet kan det låta som om det handlar om ett territorium. Men begreppet Guds rike, i grundtexten ἡ βασιλείατοῦΘεοῦ, betyder snarare Guds herravälde. Det är inte ett område eller en plats, utan ett tillstånd som är bestämt av att Gud regerar. Samtidigt är det omöjligt att härska i ingenstans, så det finns ändå ett underförstått territorium i begreppet. Det fanns en dubbelhet i uppfattningen om Guds rike på Jesus tid som innebar att det både var en aktuell tillämplig föreställning på världens aktuella situation och en eskatologisk föreställning. Genom en detaljexegetisk analys av grundtexten för varje perikop har jag nått fram till slutsatser om texternas teologiska budskap om Guds rike. Analysen av Luk 11:1-4 visar att Herrens bön innehåller en indirekt beskrivning av Guds rike som ett idealtillstånd. Gud förutsätts ha makten att få riket till stånd, men människornas vilja och aktivitet spelar också roll. Perikopen Luk 11:14-20 visar att Guds rike är där Gud verkar. Det kan vara här och nu. Gud verkar i Jesus när han befriar en man från en stum demon. Men han verkar inte bara i Jesus utan i alla som gör gott. I perikopen Luk 17:20-21 ställs frågan när Guds rike ska komma, och Jesus svarar på ett sätt som får det att verka inom räckhåll redan i nuet. I Jesus löfte till lärjungarna om jämlik gemenskap med honom själv i sitt eget rike i Luk 22:28-30 jämställer han sig själv med Gud. Han lovar en framtid i härlighet för dem som är honom trogna. Ett försök till syntes av de teologiska budskap som analysen av varje perikop lett fram till är att Guds rike enligt Lukasevangeliet verkar syfta på det alltigenom godas seger över det onda. Begreppet mister dock inte sin mångtydighet och gåtfullhet för det. Det analyserna främst bidrar till är att belysa grundtextens möjliga betydelser, som med nödvändighet begränsas i varje översättning.In this thesis I have examined how Jesus' proclamation of the kingdom of God can be understood from the Gospel of Luke. A close examination of a single gospel, and moreover not the whole gospel but only four pericopes in it, narrows the scope considerably. The value in trying to understand what Jesus is saying based on this single coherent source is that it can have a greater depth than the picture put together by any number of fragments from different sources. In Luke's Gospel Jesus mentions the word kingdom as referring to the Kingdom of God over 20 times, in a total of 18 episodes. With the method of discourse analysis, I have divided these occurrences into three categories which I call the discourse of A, B and C. Discourse A is about the kingdom of God having the highest priority, but there is no description of the kingdom. Discourse B describes the kingdom of God in some way. Discourse C mentions the kingdom of God as a promise. The four pericopes I analyze in detail, in different ways represent the discourses I have identified in the gospel as a whole. Lk 11:1-4 belong to discourse A, Lk 11:14-23 and Lk 17:20-21 to discourse B, and Lk 22:24-30 to discourse C. The tradition that the author of the double work of Luke-Acts is precisely Luke, goes back to the mid 100's. The work is characterized by universalism and a certain vision of wealth and poverty that probably came from the author's congregation in Antioch. There the gospel to non-Jews was preached, and there was commitment in the poor and needy. It was important not to get caught up in the worldly life and be tempted to accumulate wealth. Discipleship should be wholehearted. When Jesus speaks of the kingdom of God in the Gospel of Luke, it may sound as if it is about a territory. But the concept of the kingdom of God, in the original text ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ means rather God's dominion. It is not an area or a place, but a state that is determined by God's reign. At the same time, it is impossible to rule ”nowhere”, so there is still a territory implicit in the concept. There was a duality in the perception of the kingdom of God in Jesus' time, which meant that it was both a way of conceiving the world's current situation and an eschatological concept. Through a detailed exegetical analysis of the basic text for each pericope I have reached conclusions on the theological message of the kingdom of God in the texts. The analysis of Lk 11:1-4 shows that the Lord's Prayer contains an indirect description of God's kingdom as an ideal state. God is assumed to have the power to bring the kingdom into being, but the human will and activity also plays a role. Pericope Lk 11:14-20 shows that God's kingdom is where God is at work. It can be here and now. God works through Jesus when he frees a man from a dumb demon. But he doesn't only work through Jesus but through all who do good. In pericope Lk 17:20-21 the question of when the kingdom of God will come is asked, and Jesus responds in a way that makes the kingdom seem within reach already in the present. In Jesus' promise to the disciples of equal fellowship with him in his own kingdom in Lk 22:28-30, he equates himself with God. He promises a future of glory for those who are faithful to him. An attempt at a synthesis of the theological messages that the analyses of the four pericopes led to, is that the kingdom of God according to the Gospel of Luke seems to refer to the victory of the perfect good over evil. The concept of the kingdom remains ambiguous and mysterious. What the analyses contribute to is mainly highlighting the possible meanings of the received text, which are inevitably limited in each translation.
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Fortner, John Lee. ""Much more ours than yours" the figure of Joseph the patriarch in the New Testament and the early church /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1090947926.
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De, Milander Cornelia. "Contemporary implications of the first-century counter-ethos of Jesus to the scripted universe of gender and health in John 4 & 9 : a narrative-critical analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96942.
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Thesis (MTh)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africans are confronted on a daily basis with the social inequality among individuals which greatly inspires violence, victimisation, discrimination and life-denying ethos. These acts of injustice are not simply inspired by formal laws and policies, but spurred on by various ideological and symbolic categories and power structures. In a way, social behaviour can be said to be ‘scripted’ by the ideologies, perceptions and language internalised, normalised and passed on within society at large. One does not have to look very far to see the way in which this ‘script’ functions in South Africa and what impact the pre-determined and ‘scripted’ identity markers of gender and health have on individuals and groups, as categories like man, woman, HIV positive, and disabled already trigger a set of preconceived ideas and expectations regarding these individuals. The normalisation of this ‘script’ and its social hierarchies is extremely counter-productive as it often pre-determines the value, abilities, potential, limitations and ‘appropriate’ ethos of individuals and groups on the basis of the categories they fall into. The scripted nature of society is however not a twenty-first century phenomenon, but something deeply integral also to life in first century Palestine. This script interpreted, determined and reinforced the prescribed status, agency and ethos of different individuals and identity markers of health and gender were paramount in this process of scripting. Part of this ‘scripted’ world was Jesus of Nazareth. However, upon reading the narratives of John 4:1-42 and 9:1-41, it would appear that the relationship between the societal script and the actual ethos of Jesus was anything but simplistic. Upon reading these two episodes against the grain of the first century societal script, Jesus’ ethos as a Jewish man in relation to a somewhat questionable Samaritan female and blind and impure beggar brings forth some inconsistencies toward the script. It would seem as if Jesus was reluctant to read his context one dimensionally and simply comply with popular custom and ideology. The aim of this study would therefore be to explore whether these inconsistencies between the societal script and the ethos of Jesus could be of any significance in an analogously scripted twenty-first century South Africa, a society pleading for critical reflection upon the societal script. When the possible ‘counter-ethos’ of Jesus is considered, faith communities might be challenged to embrace the fragility of social categories and hierarchies and perhaps embody a similar critical attitude and ethos toward the life-denying societal script and its taken-for-granted assumptions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrikaners word daagliks gekonfronteer met die sosiaal ongelyke stand van ons samelewing. Hierdie ongelykhede is grootliks verantwoordelik vir geweld, viktimisasie, diskriminasie en nie-lewensgewende etos. Die bogenoemde word egter nie bloot deur formele wette geïnspireer nie, maar aangevuur deur verskeie ideologiese en simboliese kategorieë en magstrukture. Sosiale gedrag kan as’t ware gesien word as ʼn voorafbepaalde teks, ondersteun deur die ideologieë, persepsies en taal wat ons internaliseer, normaliseer en aan ander oordra. Hierdie voorafbepaalde ‘samelewingsteks’ is uiters prominent in Suid-Afrika, waar ʼn bepaalde status, etos en grense dikwels aan individue gegee word op die basis van identiteits-merkers van onder andere gender en gesondheid. Die identifisering van iemand as man, vrou, MIV positief, gestremd, ensovoorts spreek ideologiese boekdele van hul plek, doel en perke in die samelewing. In hierdie sin dien die vooropgestelde ‘samelewingsteks’ ʼn uiters teenproduktiewe rol, aangesien dit die waarde, vermoëns, potensiaal, en ‘korrekte’ etos van individue vooraf bepaal op grond van die simboliese kategorieë waarin hul val. Die voorafbepaalde ‘samelewingsteks’ herbevestig dikwels sosiale hiërargieë, wat ongeregtigheid normaliseer en bevorder. Hierdie is egter nie net ʼn een-en-twintigste eeu se verskynsel nie, maar iets wat al reeds prominent voorgekom het in eerste eeu se Palestina. Hierdie ‘samelewingsteks’ het die gepaste status en etos van verskillende individue bepaal op die grond van identiteits-merkers, soos die van gender en gesondheid. Dit is ook die samelewing waarin Jesus van Nasaret homself bevind het. Wanneer die narratiewe van Johannes 4:1-42 en 9:1-41 gelees word, kom dit egter voor asof die verhouding tussen hierdie ‘samelewingsteks’ en die etos beliggaam deur Jesus kompleks was. Wanneer die twee episodes in lig van die voorafbepaalde ‘samelewingsteks’ gelees word, blyk Jesus, ʼn Joodse man, se etos teenoor ʼn redelike verdagte Samaritaanse vrou en blinde en onreine bedelaar in spanning te wees met die etos aan hom voorgeskryf. Dit sou voorkom asof Jesus gewaak het teen die eenvoudige beliggaming van wat deur die ‘samelewingsteks’ as gehoord voorgeskryf en verwag is. Die doel van hierdie studie sou daarom wees om te ondersoek of die spanning tussen die eerste eeu se ‘samelewingsteks’ en die ware beliggaamde etos van Jesus enigsins betekenisvol kan wees in lyn van die een-en-twintigste eeu se voorafbepaalde ‘samelewingsteks’ in ʼn land wat ryp is vir kritiese refleksie op dit wat as ‘normaal’ en ‘korrek’ beskou word. Die moontlike ‘kontra-etos' van Jesus kan geloofsgemeenskappe uitdaag om die broosheid van sosiale en simboliese kategorieë en hiërargieë aan te gryp en ʼn soortgelyke kritiese houding en etos teenoor die nie-lewegewende ‘samelewingsteks’ en sy voorveronderstellings te beliggaam.
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Hixson, Elijah Michael. "Gospel of Matthew in a sixth-century manuscript family : scribal habits in the Greek Purple Codices 022, 023 and 042." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31388.
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The purpose of this thesis is to assess the extent to which the singular readings of a manuscript reveal the tendencies of the scribe who wrote its text by examining three related Greek manuscripts from the sixth century. The three manuscripts are all luxury copies of the Gospels' purple codices, so named because they are written in silver and gold ink on parchment that has been dyed purple. The manuscripts, Codex Purpureus Petropolitanus (N 022), Codex Sinopensis (O 023) and Codex Rossanensis (Σ 042), were all copied in the sixth century from a common exemplar. Chapter One introduces the three manuscripts. Chapter Two provides a history of research on scribal habits and singular readings, and it describes the method used in this thesis to determine both the validity of the singular readings method and the actual scribal habits of 022, 023 and 042. Chapter Three provides a preliminary assessment of each scribe by comparing scribal features in the passages extant in all three manuscripts. Chapters Four, Five and Six assess the scribal habits of 022, 023 and 042, respectively. In these chapters, perceived scribal habits are measured by a modified singular readings method to replicate the situation for each manuscript if it had no extant close relatives' the situation for most early manuscripts. Actual scribal habits are then determined by the places the scribe changed the text of the exemplar. Chapter Seven offers some concluding thoughts about the scribes, their exemplar and the use of singular readings to determine scribal habits. Appendix One presents for the first time an edition of the reconstructed text of the exemplar of 022, 023 and 042, where at least two of the three manuscripts are extant. Appendices Two, Three and Four are full transcriptions of the Gospel of Matthew in 022, 023 and 042, respectively. Appendix Five provides information on singular readings and corrections in 042 where it alone is extant of the three manuscripts. Appendix Six describes the codicological structures of the three manuscripts. Appendix Seven is a transcription and brief discussion of 080, a fragmentary of a purple codex dating to the sixth century. Finally, both 022 and 042 contain a series of secondary corrections made against a second exemplar, and Appendix Eight argues that the scribe of 042 was responsible for these corrections in both manuscripts.
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Martinez, Ernest R. "The Gospel accounts of the death of Jesus : a study of the death accounts made in the light of the New Testament traditions, the redaction, and the theology of the four evangelists /." Roma : Ed. Pontificia università gregoriana, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb413592795.
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Dally, Svea. "Kvinnor vid τὸ πάσχα och κυριακὸν δεῖπνον : En komparativ studie av hur Lukas och Paulus framställer kvinnors plats och roll vid påskmåltiden τὸ πάσχα i Luk 22:7-30 samt vid Herrens måltid κυριακὸν δεῖπνον i 1 Kor 11." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443905.
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The essay draws on Angela Standhartingers article ”Frauen in Mahlgemeinschaften. Diskurs und Wirklichkeit einer antiken, frühjüdischen und frühchristlichen Mahlpraxis” which examines the representation of women in the ancient tradition of symposia. This thesis studies how Luke and Paul represent women at The Last Supper τὸ πάσχα and the Lord’s Supper κυριακὸν δεῖπνον, and therefore focusses on the pericopes Luke 22:7-30 as well as 1 Cor. 11. Even though these biblical texts are written by men from an androcentric perspective, they show spaces - gaps which are opposed to what the texts seem to convey. Thus, it is possible to break through the patriarchal discourse to render women visible in the texts. I argue that Luke and Paul represent women in their roles and positions both out of their personal experiences and social ideology. Yet, reflecting on a Christan social order, there can be noticed an earthly approach, relating to the cultural order, in Luke 22:7-30 in distinction from a cosmic approach in 1 Cor. 11.
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Pauliat, Marie. "Parole de Dieu, réponses des hommes : Augustin exégète et prédicateur du premier évangile dans les Sermones in Matthaeum." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2039.
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Cette thèse montre que, dans les Sermones in Matthaeum, les interprétations scripturaires développées par Augustin d’Hippone ont fait l’objet d’un choix, que justifie une adaptation pastorale au double contexte historique et liturgique de la prédication. Établi à partir du classement thématique des Mauristes, le « corpus » regroupe des sermons prêchés en différents lieux, entre 393 et 430 ; il se prête donc à une évaluation de ces adaptations.Le chapitre 1 propose une synthèse critique des données contextuelles (historiques, géographiques, sociologiques et liturgiques) concernant ces sermons, comme autant de pierres d’attente à d’éventuelles adaptations ; le chapitre 2 montre que leur texte biblique, souvent vieux latin, a parfois un substrat africain. Les chapitres 3 à 6 analysent l’exégèse d’une vingtaine de sermons choisis pour leur dimension réflexive afin de questionner, de manière inductive, les motifs des adaptations exégétiques. Les études comparent les interprétations du texte commenté à celles présentes dans les autres œuvres augustiniennes et dans la tradition patristique, et intègrent une approche rhétorique. Homilétique, cette exégèse se situe, comme les sermons qui la développent, à l’intersection entre Parole de Dieu (chapitres 3 et 4) et réponses des hommes (chapitres 5 et 6). Elle assume la situation historique dans laquelle elle est élaborée pour, en s’insérant dans la dynamique de la liturgie dont elle reçoit la matière du commentaire et la finalité qui l’oriente, faire en sorte que la res qu’elle transmet de façon quasi sacramentelle par les uerba du prédicateur, fructifie chez les auditeurs.Cette thèse comprend aussi une bibliographie et quatre annexes : un fichier signalétique sur les Sermones in Matthaeum et son résumé, les relevés des occurrences augustiniennes des citations étudiées et la liste des lectures liturgiques de l’Évangile de MatthieuThis doctoral thesis shows that in Sermones in Matthaeum the biblical interpretations developed by Augustine of Hippo were selected in order to comply with a pastoral adaptation to the double historical and liturgical preaching context. Established on the basis of the Maurists’ thematic classification, the corpus contains sermons preached in different places between 393 and 430; it is therefore suitable for evaluating these adaptations. Chapter 1 gives a critical survey of the contextual data (historical, geographical, sociological and liturgical) concerning these sermons, to be taken as potential, adaptable building blocks; chapter 2 shows that the biblical text, often in Old Latin forms, has an African substrate. Chapter 3 to 6 analyse the exegesis of about twenty sermons selected for their reflexive dimension, in order to inductively question the reasons for the exegetical adaptations. The analyses compare the interpretations of the commented text with those present in other Augustinian works and in the Patristic tradition, and integrate a rhetorical approach. Like the sermons which develop it, this homiletic exegesis lies at the intersection of God’s Word (chapter 3 and 4) and men’s answers (chapter 5 and 6). It assumes the historic context in which it is developed and penetrates the dynamic of the liturgy from which it gets the subject of its comment and the aim of its orientation, so that the res which it conveys in a quasi sacramental way through the uerba of the preacher bears fruit within the listeners. This doctoral thesis also includes a bibliography and four annexes: an identification file about the Sermones in Matthaeum and its summary, a summary table of Augustinian occurrences to be found in the analysed quotations and the list of the liturgical readings from Matthew’s Gospel
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Klinghardt, Matthias. "Das marcionitische Evangelium und die Textgeschichte des Neuen Testaments: Eine Antwort an Thomas Johann Bauer und Ulrich B. Schmid." De Gruyter, 2017. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38567.
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Thomas Johann Bauer und Ulrich B. Schmid haben sich mit meinen Thesen zum marcionitischen Evangelium1 auseinandergesetzt und dabei den textkritischen Teil der Argumentation kritisiert. Beide haben vermerkt, dass die von ihnen besprochenen Aspekte nur ein Teil einer umfassenderen Argumentation sind, die sie (in unterschiedlicher Ausführlichkeit) auch fair und zutreffend referieren. Sie stellen daher weder die grundlegende These der Priorität des für Marcions Schriftensammlung bezeugten Evangeliums (im Folgenden: marcionitisches Evangelium bzw. Mcn) vor dem kanonischen Lukas noch die daraus abgeleiteten Konsequenzen zur Überlieferungsgeschichte der Evangelien in Frage, sondern konzentrieren sich auf die Folgerungen, die ich daraus für die Geschichte des neutestamentlichen Textes ziehe. Ich begrüße diese Auseinandersetzung ganz ausdrücklich und bin beiden Kritikern für ihre genaue und gewiss mühevolle Lektüre dankbar. Ich finde es auch völlig in Ordnung, dass diese Auseinandersetzung nicht am Zentrum der Theorie einsetzt, sondern an ihren losen Enden, nämlich bei den Konsequenzen für die Textkritik: Dieses Feld der neutestamentlichen und patristischen Forschung verdient sehr viel mehr Aufmerksamkeit, als ihm üblicherweise zuteil wird.