Academic literature on the topic 'New typologies'

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Journal articles on the topic "New typologies"

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Welch, W. Pete, Alan L. Hillman, and Mark V. Pauly. "Toward New Typologies for HMOs." Milbank Quarterly 68, no. 2 (1990): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3350097.

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Prandle, David, Andrew Lane, and Andrew J. Manning. "New typologies for estuarine morphology." Geomorphology 81, no. 3-4 (November 2006): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.04.017.

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Cooper, Robert G., and Elko J. Kleinschmidt. "Performance typologies of new product projects." Industrial Marketing Management 24, no. 5 (October 1995): 439–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0019-8501(95)00034-8.

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Mozaffari, Mehdi. "The New Era of Terrorism: Approaches and Typologies." Cooperation and Conflict 23, no. 4 (September 1988): 179–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001083678802300401.

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Mozaffari, M. The New Era of Terrorism: Approaches and Typologies. Cooperation and Conflict, XXIII, 1988, 179-196. Despite the fact that political terrorism has become an almost everyday phenomenon, and despite its unprecedented internationalization, little attention has been given to the typology of political terrorism. Terrorism has generally been considered a homogeneous phenomenon with no variations in either time or place. The aim of this article is first to proceed to a critical analysis of the contemporary terminologies and typologies of terrorism; and then to construct an alternative typology more operational for recognizing the specificities of the different types of terrorism, one that is more capable of predicting their respective plausible behaviour.
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Coudounaris, Dafnis N. "Typologies of internationalisation pathways of SMEs: what is new?" Review of International Business and Strategy 28, no. 3/4 (November 9, 2018): 286–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ribs-12-2017-0119.

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Purpose This study aims to examine internationalisation pathways of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) based on a sample from Manchester, UK, and it provides an exercise theory testing of the Uppsala model with data from SMEs from Manchester. It investigates the existence of new internationalisation pathways and the parallel use of four dimensions, namely, export intensity, export destination, time dimension and number of export markets. Design/methodology/approach The suggested model of international pathways is developed based on a survey of 110 firms located in the Greater Manchester area. The study of the population was based on a stratified sample of firms included in the KOMPASS directory in the Greater Manchester area. t-Test analysis was performed on combinations of the six pathways. Findings The results reveal that SMEs follow a pattern of internationalisation pathways consisting of non-exporters, traditional small exporters, traditional medium exporters, accelerated medium exporters, born globals and declining exporters. The paper concludes that the Uppsala model does not apply in this study. Originality/value There is evidence of a new pathway, i.e. accelerated medium exporters and the CEOs of Manchester SMEs, and governmental authorities in the UK should consider targeting this group or developing appropriate export promotion programmes.
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Siuda, Piotr. "Mapping Digital Religion: Exploring the Need for New Typologies." Religions 12, no. 6 (May 21, 2021): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12060373.

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Today, it is challenging to separate online and offline spaces and activities, and this is also true of digital religion as online and offline religious spaces become blended or blurred. With this background, the article explores the need for new typologies of what is religious on the Internet and proposes a conceptual framework for mapping digital religion. Four types of that which is religious on the Internet are presented based on influential classification by Helland. He introduced (1) religion online (sites that provide information without interactivity) and (2) online religion (interactivity and participation). Helland’s concept is developed by, among others, adding two types: (3) innovative religion (new religious movements, cults, etc.) and (4) traditional religion (e.g., Christianity or Islam). Each type is illustrated by selected examples and these are a result of a larger project. The examples are grouped into three areas: (1) religious influencers, (2) online rituals and (3) cyber-religions (parody religions). Additionally, the visual frame for mapping digital religion is presented including the examples mentioned. The presented framework attempts to improve Helland’s classification by considering a more dynamic nature of digital religion. The model is just one possible way for mapping digital religion and thus should be developed further. These and other future research threads are characterized.
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Ghosh, Sumita, and Robert Vale. "Typologies and Basic Descriptors of New Zealand Residential Urban Forms." Journal of Urban Design 14, no. 4 (November 2009): 507–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13574800903265371.

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Widom, Theodore Reed, and Dirk Schlimm. "Methodological Reflections on Typologies for Numerical Notations." Science in Context 25, no. 2 (April 24, 2012): 155–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0269889712000038.

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ArgumentPast and present societies world-wide have employed well over 100 distinct notational systems for representing natural numbers, some of which continue to play a crucial role in intellectual and cultural development today. The diversity of these notations has prompted the need for classificatory schemes, or typologies, to provide a systematic starting point for their discussion and appraisal. The present paper provides a general framework for assessing the efficacy of these typologies relative to certain desiderata, and it uses this framework to discuss the two influential typologies of Zhang & Norman and Chrisomalis. Following this, a new typology is presented that takes as its starting point the principles by which numerical notations represent multipliers (the principles of cumulation and cipherization), and bases (those of integration, parsing, and positionality). Many different examples show that this new typology provides a more refined classification of numerical notations than the ones put forward previously. In addition, the framework provided here can be used to assess typologies not only of numerical notations, but also of many other domains.
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SALAMA, Ashraf M., Florian WIEDMANN, and Hatem G. IBRAHIM. "LIFESTYLE TRENDS AND HOUSING TYPOLOGIES IN EMERGING MULTICULTURAL CITIES." JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM 41, no. 4 (December 26, 2017): 316–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/20297955.2017.1415773.

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The introduction of new housing typologies in emerging cities is rooted in dynamics including infrastructural investments, urban growth rates and new development policies. In accommodating new lifestyles, demand-driven patterns by tenants and property owners are the main factors consolidating development trends in future. This paper explores the relationship between new lifestyle patterns and housing typologies in emerging cities. Within the context of Gulf cities, namely Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Doha and Manama, this paper investigates demographic structures and housing trends where a rapid phase of urban growth has transformed local urbanism. Current social structures were analysed by following a new ‘lifestyle framework’ resulting in the characterization of four main lifestyle trends. This is coupled with the assessment of 240 cases of new residences from the Gulf cities under study. The juxtaposition of both studies offers an outlook relevant to the importance of a transition from supply-driven to demand-driven housing dynamics to accommodate emerging multicultural societies. The paper thus contributes to a better understanding and identification of the social groups that are currently lacking suitable housing.
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Shikher, N. D. "State-Confessional Relations Modern Classifications Analysis." Vestnik Povolzhskogo instituta upravleniya 21, no. 2 (2021): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.22394/1682-2358-2021-2-104-114.

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The typologies of relations between the state and religious associations existing in the scientific doctrine, are considered. Based on a systematic analysis, the typologies are grouped according to the complexity of the internal structure and analyzed for universality of application. The author has proposed a new classification of state-confessional relations models which most fully reflects the realities of the modern world.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "New typologies"

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Seshadri, Smitha. "Colonial typologies in contemporary neighborhood designs in New Delhi." Kansas State University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/36113.

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Rowe, Andrea Helen. "Reconsidering Late Roman Cyprus: Using new material from Nea Paphos to review current artefact typologies." University of Sydney. Department of Classical Archaeology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/684.

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This thesis is based around detailed analysis of an assemblage of newly excavated material from the Paphos Theatre site in SW Cyprus. Before presenting the new work, the academic context into which it must fit is investigated. This process of re-evaluating past work sets up a framework within which the new material would be expected to fit. In fact, research on Late Roman Cyprus is not as advanced as might be expected after over seventy years of excavation. This is most particularly the case for fundamental principles like typology and chronology for the local ceramics and glass. A review of past and current excavations shows that the typology of Cypriot Red Slip ware is widely used around the Eastern Mediterranean as a dating tool for deposits containing this distinctive Fine ware. This makes it essential that it be confirmed to be a reliable and substantially correct construct. Unfortunately, a re-analysis of the foundations of the Cypriot red Slip ware typology and chronology reveals many uncertainties and establishes the necessity for new material from secure deposits to help refine current typologies. The artefact assemblage from Area Three at the Paphos Theatre provides just such an opportunity. A combination of a series of sealed deposits, a high density of artifacts and identifiable coins has enabled a comprehensive study to be achieved. A major collapse, probably an earthquake, sealed a paved street and drainage system in the trenches and this episode can be pinpointed to around the mid to late fifth century by the coin evidence. Most interesting is the fact that the dating suggested by the coins does not match the dating usually assigned to the associated pottery and glass. After establishing the reliability of the coin evidence, the study of the other artefacts offers new ideas about the dating and typology of the local Cypriot Red Slip ware, Cooking ware, Lamps and Glass. In fact an analysis of all the pottery from the site suggests that the chronology of Cypriot Red Slip ware and Cooking ware in particular needs to be pushed back to focus on a floruit in the fourth and fifth centuries. This is at least one hundred years earlier than current typologies that focus on the mid sixth to seventh centuries. This analysis provides some reliable fixed points, for both local pottery and glass, earlier in the Late Roman sequence upon which future work can be built.
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Rowe, Andrea H. "Reconsidering late Roman Cyprus using new material from Nea Paphos to review current artefact typologies /." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/684.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.
Title from title screen (viewed 22 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of Classical Archaeology, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2005; thesis submitted 2004. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Serralheiro, Ana Raquel Fernandes. "A casa plataforma." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa. Faculdade de Arquitetura, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/10820.

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Andrade, Tatiana Guimarães Ferraz. "As novas faces da subordinação no contrato de trabalho." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2138/tde-29102012-135506/.

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Este trabalho é voltado ao estudo das novas nuances da subordinação no contrato de trabalho, diante das transformações no modo de produção em razão da globalização e do advento de novas tecnologias. Para justificar a pertinência do estudo, demonstra-se a equivalência entre a livre iniciativa e o valor social do trabalho, de modo que a economia e o trabalho devam caminhar juntos, evitando-se desequilíbrios no sistema. Diante disso, faz-se necessário abordar a evolução histórica do subordinação dentro do direito do trabalho, bem como as definições do trabalho subordinado e os critérios empregados pela jurisprudência, diante das lacunas da lei. Consolidado o estudo da subordinação, procede-se à análise dos fatores externos que levaram as modificações no mundo do trabalho, como a recessão econômica da década de 70, os processos de globalização e a consequente automação dos modos de produção. Tais fatores levaram à criação de novas formas de prestação de serviço, que não se adequam ao padrão do trabalho subordinado, mas, ao mesmo tempo, não podem ser consideradas como autônomas, em sua integralidade. Assim, gera-se uma evasão social de trabalhadores marginalizados da proteção adequada, já que não se encaixam ao modelo praticado pelo direito do trabalho, dividido entre trabalho subordinado e autônomo. Nesse cenário, apresentam-se propostas da doutrina e jurisprudência para solucionar o problema e adequar os critérios de subordinação à realidade do trabalho.
This dissertation aims to study the new forms of subordinations in labour contract, due to the transformation in the way of production after globalization and the introduction of new technologies. In order to justify the importance of the study, it demonstrates the equivalence between free enterprise and the social value of work, so that economy and work shall walk together, avoiding disturbance at the system. Furthermore, it is necessary to refer to the historical evolution of subordination into labour law, as well as the definition of subordinate work and the criteria used by jurisprudence, considering the lack of law. Once established the study of subordination, it will proceed to the analysis of external factors that provoked modification in work, as the 70s economical recession, globalization process and automation of the ways of production. These factors conducted to the creation of new forms of services, which are not adjusted to subordinate work pattern, but at the same time, cannot be considered as full self-employed. Indeed, it generates a social evasion of employees, marginalised form correct protection, as they do not fit to the model practised by labour law, which is divided between subordinated work and self-employed. Finally, it presents proposals from doctrine and jurisprudence in order to give a solution to the problem, and adequate the subordination criteria to work reality.
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Salavová, Marta. "Typologie uživatelů Internetu ve vazbě na komunikaci komodity PET FOOD." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-10317.

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The thesis focuses on commercial communications, in particular on new media and on-line communication in the PET FOOD market. The theoretical part is based on evaluation of current marketing and market segmentation status from the point of view of "4P" theory by E. Jerome Mc Carthy. This part is aimed at inner enterprise information systems used for market segmentation and market studies of consumer typology as well. The theoretical part is concluded with a chapter on new media and Internet as a form of on-line communication. The practical part is based on an analysis of the Czech Internet user and case study about the Pedigree brand on-line communication. The thesis is based on the knowledge of on-line communications, the Czech Internet user and the PET FOOD market. It is aimed at analysis of current Pedigree on-line communication with using of its cunsumers' typology and recommendation for improvement at the level of own web sites as well as entire on-line communication strategy.
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Yazdeen, Qaisar khalat. "Les bijoux à l'époque néo-assyrienne (934-609 av.J.-C.) : typologie, matériaux et fabrication, iconographie et symbolique." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2004.

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L’empire néo-assyrien est un royaume né en Mésopotamie. À partir de 934 av. J.-C., le royaume assyrien est devenu l’un des États les plus puissants du Proche-Orient ancien. L'empire néo-assyrien est devenu le troisième empire le plus puissant du monde antique après la conquête des royaumes de Babylone, d’Urartu, l’Elam et l'Egypte. Il a donc dominé la Mésopotamie, l’Asie Mineure, le Caucase, l’Egypte et la Méditerranée Orientale. Cet empire a continué jusqu'à la chute de sa capitale Ninive qui tombe aux mains des Babyloniens et des Mèdes en 612 av. J.-C. L'empire néo-assyrien a laissé de nombreux monuments et artefacts, qui ont aidé les archéologues à étudier les bijoux assyriens. Cette thèse traite des bijoux à l’époque néo-assyrienne. Elle présente la typlogie, mais aussi les matériaux utilisés et la fabrication des bijoux. Elle présente aussi l’iconographie et la symbolique des bijoux
The neo-assyrian Empire is a kingdom that arose in Mesopotamia. From 934 BC, Assyrian kingdom was one of the most powerful states of the Ancient Near East. The neo-assyrian empire became the third most powerful empire in the ancient world after the conquest of the kingdoms of Babylon, Urartu, Elam and Egypt. This empire dominated the Mesopotamia, the Asia Minor, the Caucasus, Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean. This empire continued until the fall of its capital Nineveh in by the Babylonians and The Medes in 612 BC.The neo-Assyrian empire left many cultural monuments and artifacts, which helped archaeologists to study Assyrian jewelry. This thesis deals with the jewelry of neo-assyrian period. It presents the typology but also the materials used and the manufacture of jewels. This work show also iconography and symbolism of jewels
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Svärd, Erik. "Grammatical gender in New Guinea." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för allmän språkvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-119839.

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The present study investigates the gender systems of 20 languages in the New Guinea region, an often overlooked area in typological research. The languages were classified with five criteria used by Di Garbo (2014) to classify gender systems of African languages. The results showed that the gender systems were diverse, although around half of the languages have two-gendered sex-based systems with semantic assignment, more than four gender-indexing targets, and no gender marking on nouns. The gender systems of New Guinea are remarkably representative of the world, although formal assignment is much less common. However, the gender systems of New Guinea and Africa are very different. The most significant difference isthe prevalence of non-sex-based gender systems and gender marking on nouns in Africa, whereas the opposite is true in New Guinea. However, gender in Africa is also less diverse largely due to the numerous Bantu languages. Finally, four typologically rare characteristics were found in the sample: (1) size and shape as important criteria of gender assignment, with large/long being masculine and small/short feminine, (2) the presence of two separate nominal classification systems, (3) no gender distinctions in pronouns, and (4) verbs as the most common indexing target.
Denna studie undersöker genussystemen hos 20 språk i Nya Guinea-regionen, vilken ofta förbises i typologisk forskning. Språken klassificerades utifrån fem kriterier som användes av Di Garbo (2014) för att klassificera genussystem i Afrika. Resultaten visade att genussystemen var varierade, men ungefär hälften av språken har könsbaserade genussystem med tvaå genus, semantisk genustilldelning, fler än fyra genusindex och ingen genusmarkering på substantiv. Genussystemen är anmärkningsvärt representativa för världen, men formell genustilldelning är mycket mindre vanlig. Jämfört med genussystemen i Afrika är dock Nya Guinea väldigt annorlunda. Den viktigaste skillnaden är den större utbredningen av icke-könsbaserade genussystem och genusmarkering på substantiv i Afrika, medan motsatsen gäller i Nya Guinea. Genus i Afrika är dock till stor del mindre varierat på grund av de talrika bantuspråken. Slutligen hittades fyra typologiskt sällsynta karaktärsdrag i urvalet: (1) storlek och form som viktiga kriterier för genustilldelning, där stort/långt är maskulint och litet/kort feminint, (2) närvaron av två separata nominalklassificeringssystem, (3) inga genusdistinktioner i pronomen och (4) verb som det vanligaste genusindexet.
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Falkenau, Karsten. "Die Concordantz Alt vnd News Testament von 1550 ein Hauptwerk biblischer Typologie des 16. Jahrhunderts illustriert von Ausgustin Hirschvogel /." Regensburg : Schnell und Steiner, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388963527.

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Horn, Catharina. "Airports and territory : emergence of a new strategic actor in the air transport system." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601271.

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This thesis deals with the emergence of the airport as a new strategic actor in the air transport system which has undergone profound changes since its liberalisation and within which the airport turned out to be a major player. Considering the airport as an actor in the air transport system, even if it is affected by its environment in a large sense, this work proposes a contribution to current discussion about airport economics. This contribution refers to two levels : an analysis of the European airport business within which the airport emerges as a full player and an analysis of the link between airport strategy and the spatial and territorial context into which the airport is embedded. Based on the differentiation of airport strategies according to the airports' commitment to certain market segments, the analysis of the spatial and territorial context into which the airports are embedded showed its influence on the development of airports but confirmed also that the latter is not automatic but subject to the dynamics arising from the interactions between the different actors. The emergence of the airport as a new strategic player in the air transport system places the emphasis on the complex relation between airport and territory which is reflected in a number of issues connected with the airport activity
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Books on the topic "New typologies"

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Poirier, René. Typologies and economic analysis of new information technologies: Avenues of research. Laval, [Québec]: Dept. of Communications of Canada, Canadian Workplace Automation Research Centre, Organizational Research Directorate, 1989.

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Müller-Bardey, Thomas. Typologie der Subjektverkettung ("Switch reference"). Köln: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft, Universität zu Köln, 1988.

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Les constructions référentielles dans les actualités télévisées: Essai de typologie discursive. Berne: P. Lang, 1992.

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Ranzi, Gianluca, ed. Time-dependent behaviour and design of composite steel-concrete structures. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed018.

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<p>Steel-concrete composite structures are widely used throughout the world for buildings and bridges. A distinguishing feature of this form of construction is the combination of concrete and steel components to achieve enhanced structural performance. <p>The time-dependent response of concrete and its infl uence on the service behaviour and design of composite structures are the main focus of this SED. For the fi rst time, a publication combines a state-of-the-art review of the research with the available design specifi cations of Europe, Australia and New Zealand, and USA. This publication intends to enhance the awareness of the service response of composite structures and of the latest research and standards’ developments. It is aimed at designers and researchers alike. <p>The review of research available in open literature is provided and arranged according to structural typologies, i. e. slabs, beams, and columns. It serves as background information for current service design rules and provides insight into the most recent research advancements. The review of available design guidelines presents the similarities and differences of the recommended service design procedures infl uenced by concrete time effects. Selected case studies of building and bridge projects show possible design approaches and the rationale required when dealing with the time-dependent response and design of composite structures. The authors of this publication are design engineers and academics involved in the service design and research on the time-dependent response of composite structures.
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The new Moses: A Matthean typology. Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1993.

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Johannes der Täufer und die Biographie der Propheten: Die synoptische Täuferüberlieferung und das jüdische Prophetenbild zur Zeit des Täufers. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1994.

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B, Morris Lois, and Oldham John M, eds. The new personality self-portrait: Why you think, work, love, and act the way you do. New York: Bantam Books, 1995.

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Jesus as new Moses in Matthew 8-9: Jewish typology in first century Greek literature. Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press, 2011.

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1503-1553, Hirschvogel Augustin, ed. Die "Concordantz Alt vnd News Testament" von 1550: Ein Hauptwerk biblischer Typologie des 16. Jahrhunderts illustriert von Augustin Hirschvogel. Regensburg: Schnell und Steiner, 1999.

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Pao, David W. Acts and the Isaianic new exodus. Grand Rapids, Mich: Baker Academic, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "New typologies"

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El Amrousi, Mohamed. "Abu Dhabi’s New Building Typologies: Beyond the Transit City." In Strategies for Sustainability, 301–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70025-0_15.

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Corvaro, Sara. "Rainwater Harvesting System Efficiency and Economic Assessment for Different Residential Building Typologies." In New Trends in Urban Drainage Modelling, 948–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99867-1_163.

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Gomez, Agustin Adarve. "Modular Systems for Natural Ventilation-Research on New Typologies for a Tropical Architecture." In Architecture and Urban Space, 729–35. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0778-7_109.

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Pohlisch, Jakob. "An Introduction to Internal Crowdsourcing." In Contributions to Management Science, 15–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52881-2_2.

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AbstractThis chapter aims to provide the reader with an introduction to crowdsourcing in general and internal crowdsourcing in particular. First, the elementary principles of crowdsourcing will be introduced, completed by a definition that will constitute the basis for this book. Second, different crowdsourcing typologies will be described to inform the reader about classifications of the phenomenon in scientific literature. Third, the crowdsourcing process is outlined to clarify the general procedure of this new kind of work organization. Lastly, the concept will be transferred to the intraorganizational context, describing and defining the concept of internal crowdsourcing which represents the main topic of this book.
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"New housing typologies and urban consolidation." In Building Migrant Cities in the Gulf. I.B. TAURIS, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781788316248.0010.

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"Foundation Louis Vuitton: Exploring new structural typologies." In Structures and Architecture, 1479–86. CRC Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b15267-200.

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Garrod, Brian. "Market Segments and Tourist Typologies for Diving Tourism." In New Frontiers in Marine Tourism, 31–47. Elsevier, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-045357-6.50005-x.

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"Market Segments and Tourist Typologies for Diving Tourism." In New Frontiers in Marine Tourism, 53–70. Routledge, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780080551081-13.

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Olivares Martínez, Diana. "New Functions, New Typologies: Inventio in Valladolid’s College of San Gregorio." In Gothic Architecture in Spain: Invention and Imitation. Courtauld Books Online, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33999/2019.51.

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Martin, Gus. "Types of Terrorism." In Exchanging Terrorism Oxygen for Media Airwaves, 81–95. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5776-2.ch006.

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Terrorist typologies are descriptive classifications explaining the quality of political violence arising from distinct political and social environments. Although many terrorist typologies are accepted without controversy by analysts, some are the subject of definitional debate. Accepted typologies include the following: the new terrorism, state terrorism, dissident terrorism, religious terrorism, ideological terrorism, and international terrorism. Sub-classifications of accepted typologies include nationalist terrorism, ethno-national terrorism, and racial terrorism. In contradistinction to accepted typologies, other classifications are conceptually “cutting-edge” and the subject of definitional debate. These include gender-selective terrorism and criminal terrorism (often referred to as “narco-terrorism”). Nevertheless, there is growing recognition that gender-selective and criminal terrorism are features of the modern global terrorist environment. This chapter identifies and discusses terrorist typologies in the modern era, including the emerging recognition of newly defined typologies.
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Conference papers on the topic "New typologies"

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Taddeo, Chiara, Marco Di Giovanni, Alberto Viskovic, and Piero D'Asdia. "Great open spaces for emergency covered with Hemp cables nets." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0221.

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<p>Emergencies like post hurricane or earthquake need of buildings quick and easy to build. These buildings have to be great open spaces in order to host as many people as possible. These buildings can be non-temporary because they are useful for one, two years or more. For this reason, they have to be designed like permanent buildings. This exclude a great number of typologies as for example inflatable structures. The typology suggested is cables net and membrane roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid shape. These typology permits to cover very large span and it is built easily and quickly. In order to encourage a sustainability approach to build, the paper promotes recent developments in the field of material engineering that have allowed for the use of natural materials for common structural elements instead of traditional materials such as steel or concrete. In this context, hemp is a very interesting material for structural building design. This paper proposes the use of hemp cables for roofs with hyperbolic paraboloid cables nets, which sees the use of a sustainability material for structure thus having a very low environmental impact in terms of structural weight. The paper discusses five different plan sizes and two different hyperbolic paraboloid surface radius of curvatures. The cable traction, which gives the cable net stiffness, was varied in order to give a parametric database of structural response. Three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear element analyses were carried out on different geometries and a parametrization of the borders structures of anchorage is given.</p>
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Benselama-Messikh, Safia. "Architecture militaire et typologies défensives d’Alger entre le XVIème et le XIXème siècle." In FORTMED2020 - Defensive Architecture of the Mediterranean. Valencia: Universitat Politàcnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/fortmed2020.2020.11467.

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Military architecture and defensive typologies of Algiers between the sixteenth and the nineteenth centuriesIn the Ottoman regency, the fortifications of Algiers evolve according to the politico-economic growth experienced by the city partly thanks to the development of the maritime piracy and the lusts it entails. Its stranglehold on the sea, arouses many projects of punitive expeditions. The construction of fortifications is then the major concern of its new leaders who between the sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries, fortify the city, its bay and the hinterland. These efforts develop over the three centuries of the Ottoman regency, a singular military architecture for the city of Algiers. The sixteenth century sees, a medieval reminiscence with the first fortifications, then, with the presence of Christians, a western influence the seventeenth century and the arrival of the Moriscos, brings a second breath to this defensive typology which is defined as a local style between domestic and military architecture. The question is: why Algiers has developed a particular defensive typology while the modernization of the artillery had led to an internationalization of the defensive system.
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Estrina, Tatiana, Shengnan Gao, Vivian Kinuthia, Sophie Twarog, Liane Werdina, and Gloria Zhou. "ANALYZING INDIGENEITY IN ACADEMIC AND ARCHITECTURAL FRAMEWORKS." In International Conference on Education and New Developments. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021end091.

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While the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada fosters agency for Indigenous Canadians, this mandate like others, attempts to Indigenize an existing colonial system. The acknowledgement of the Indigenous experience within academic institutions must begin with a deconstruction of educational frameworks that are enforced by pre-existing neo-colonial policies and agendas. The colonial worldview on institutional frameworks is rooted in systemic understandings of property, ownership and hierarchy that are supported by patriarchal policies. These pedagogies do not reflect Indigenous beliefs or teachings, resulting in an assimilation or dissociation of Indigenous members into Western-centric educational systems. Addressing this disconnect through Indigenizing existing institutional frameworks within state control favours a system that re-affirms settler-societies. The tokenization and lack of Indigenous participation in the decision-making process reinforces misinformed action towards reconciliation. decentralized. The case studies explored emphasize the rediscovery of an authentic culture-specific vernacular, facilitation of customs through programme, and the fundamental differences between Indigenous and colonial worldviews. The critical analysis of these emerging academic typologies may continue to inform future architectural projects while fostering greater responsibility for architects and positions of authority to return sovereignty to Indigenous communities and incorporate design approaches that embody Indigenous values. This paper will propose the decolonization of academic frameworks to reconstruct postcolonial methodologies of educational architecture that serve Indigenous knowledge and agency.
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Garcia-Piquer, A., A. Fornells, E. Golobardes, and L. Cugota. "Work in progress - identification of subject typologies through Artificial Intelligence techniques to study the competences achievement of the new computer engineers." In 2009 39th IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fie.2009.5350585.

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Jolley, Victoria. "Central Lancashire New Town: the hidden polycentric supercity." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5945.

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From 1962 Lancashire, in England, became the focus of a major renewal scheme: the creation of a ‘super-city’ for 500,000 people. The last and largest New Town designated under the 1965 Act, Central Lancashire New Town (CLNT) differed from other New Towns. Although influenced by the ideals and example of Garden City model, its master plan followed new and proposed infrastructure to connect the sub-region’s poly-centricity. By unifying and expanding existing towns and settlements it aimed to generate prosperity on a sub-regional scale using the New Towns Act, rather than creating a single new self-sufficient urban development. CLNT’s scale, poly-centricity and theoretical growth made it unique compared to other new town typologies and, although not realised, its planning can be traced across Lancashire’s urban and rural landscape by communication networks and city-scale public and civic buildings. With reference to diagrams for the British New Towns of Hook, Milton Keynes and Civilia, this paper will contextualize and evaluate CLNT’s theoretical layout and its proposed expansion based on interdependent townships, districts and ‘localities’. The paper will conclude by comparing CLNT’s theoretical diagram with its proposed application and adaptation to the sub-region’s topographical physical setting. Keywords (3-5): Lancashire, New Towns, urban centres and pattern Conference topics and scale: Reading and regenerating the informal city References (100 words) RMJM (1967) in Ministry of Housing and Local Government (1967). Central Lancashire: Study for a City: Consultants’ Proposals for Designation, HMSO. Ministry of Housing and Local Government (1967). Central Lancashire: Study for a City: Consultants’ Proposals for Designation, HMSO.
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Bertoncini, Francesco, Mauro Cappelli, Francesco Cordella, and Marco Raugi. "Guided Waves As an Online Monitoring Technology for Long Term Operation in NPPs: New Experimental Results on a Steam Discharge Pipe." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-67444.

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Guided Wave (GW) testing is regularly used for finding defect locations through long range screening using low-frequency waves (from 5 to 250 kHz) [1]-[3]. Magnetostrictive sensors can overcome some issues, which usually limit the application to Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) [4], like for example, high temperatures [5]-[6], high wall thickness of components in the primary circuit, and characteristic defect typologies. The authors have already shown the basic theoretical background, some simulations and some first experimental results concerning a real steel pipe, used for steam discharge, having a complex structure. Collecting more experimental data with a novel test campaign on the same pipe its complex structure results as a useful benchmark for the application of GWs as Non Destructive Techniques (NDT). Experimental measures using a symmetrical probe and a local probe in different configurations (pulse-echo and pitch-catch) indicate that GW testing with magnetostrictive sensors can be reliably applied to long-term monitoring of NPP components.
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Shi, Zhongming, Shanshan Hsieh, Bhargava Krishna Sreepathi, Jimeno A. Fonseca, François Maréchal, and Arno Schlueter. "Coarse typological studies on urban program and density defined by various urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore." In 24th ISUF 2017 - City and Territory in the Globalization Age. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/isuf2017.2017.5636.

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Coarse typological studies on urban program and density defined by various urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore. Zhongming Shi1,2, Shanshan Hsieh1,2,3, Bhargava Krishna Sreepathi1,2, Jimeno A. Fonseca1,2, François Maréchal1,3, Arno Schlueter1,2 1 Future Cities Laboratory, Singapore-ETH Centre, 1 Create Way, CREATE Tower, 138602 Singapore 2 Architecture and Building Systems, Institute of Technology in Architecture, ETH Zurich, John-von-Neumann-Weg 9, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland 3 Industrial Process and Energy Systems Engineering Group, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland E-mail: shi@arch.ethz.ch, nils.schueler@epfl.ch, hsieh@arch.ethz.ch, sebastien.cajot@epfl.ch, fonseca@arch.ethz.ch, francois.marechal@epfl.ch, schlueter@arch.ethz.ch Keywords: Urban typology, urban form, energy technology, urban program, density Conference topics and scale: Efficient use of resources in sustainable cities Cities consume about three quarters of global primary energy. Compared to the beginning of the Twentieth Century, the urban area is expected to triple by 2030. The future urban energy performance is substantially influenced by how the urban area is planned, designed, and built. New energy technologies have enabled new possibilities of the urban form. For example, a district cooling system can free the building rooftops for more architectural design options, like an infinity pool or a sky garden. Vice versa, to maximize the energy performance, some new energy technologies enforce some specific requirements on the urban forms, like the urban form and density. We apply a Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) formulation to identify the optimal allocation of energy demand density and energy systems (e.g. district cooling network) subject to resource availability and energy (or environmental) performance targets (e.g. renewable share). The optimized energy demand density can be translated into urban program combinations and density ranges and gradients. To build the model, we survey the prevailing energy conversion technologies and their costs. Based on the local standards of Singapore, we derive the energy profiles and demand densities of buildings with different programs. We adopt a real case study in Singapore to test the target energy technologies. Adjacent to the existing central business district, the site, currently a container terminal, has an area around 1,000 hectares. Upon the relocation of the terminal in 10 years, the energy technologies, the density, and the program of the site have a variety of possibilities. This paper builds a series of coarse urban typologies in terms of urban program and density when adopting different urban energy conversion technologies in Singapore. Furthermore, the general density and the density gradient may vary when the size of these energy infrastructures alters. In an integrated urban design process involving energy considerations, the urban designer can refer these urban typologies for rules on the general density, the density gradient, and the urban program combination based on the selected energy technologies. On the other way, these urban typologies can also help on the selection of energy technologies to accommodate the target urban density and program. References (100 words) Ratti, C., Baker, N., and Steemers, K. (2005). Energy consumption and urban texture. Energy Build. 37, 762–776. Salat, S. (2009). Energy loads, CO2 emissions and building stocks: morphologies, typologies, energy systems and behaviour. Build. Res. Inf. 37, 598–609. Seto, K.C., Güneralp, B., and Hutyra, L.R. (2012). Global forecasts of urban expansion to 2030 and direct impacts on biodiversity and carbon pools. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 109, 16083–16088. UN-Habitat (2012). Energy. [Online]. Available: http://unhabitat.org/urban-themes/energy. [Accessed:08-Nov-2016].
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Aiello, Mariateresa. "Self-Storage Cities: A New Typology of (Sub)Urban Enclave." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.23.

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In the periphery, arrays of self-storage facilities are part of the light industrial landscape of warehouses and ex-urban alienation. Within the urban fabric, storage buildings represent both container and camouflage architecture, and are perfect examples of what Professor Crawford calls “background buildings.”1 Self-storage facilities are an architectural typology worthy of study, and not only for their growing impact on the city and suburban sprawl, or for the uncanny ability to mimic other design typologies and adapt to the target market. They can be examined in terms of building type and construction methods. From the economic point of view, storage facilitiesare compelling: they are a by-product of shopping/goods architecture, consumerism and planned obsolescence. They embody currently popular issues of surplus and clutter/hoarding. The issue of “material excess” becomes an (ex) urban pathology, endemic to a culture of wholesale commerce and warehouse buying experiences. The clutter culture can be mapped and becomes tangible in the form of the “country of storage facilities”, a veritable document to “stuff obesity”. The current rise of self-storage facilities is also a physical reminder of the consequence of changes in social and living conditions. How do we, as architects and urban designers, confront the typology of the self-storage facility and the new urban/exurban enclaves that these commercial containers of space have created? How can we better understand the nature of the singularly camouflaged “housing of stuff” often found in the downtowns of second-tier U.S cities? The content of these buildings, the “user”if you wish, is constituted entirely of stuff we cannotor do not wish to fit in our homes. What is it that we store, and why?
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Tehve, Karin I. "An Intersectional Analysis of Urban Public Interiors." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.42.

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This paper proposes an analysis of New York City’s Interior Privately owned Public Spaces (INT POPS) and the quality of public space they generate. Intersectionality here is a methodology to examine key attributes of INT POPS simultaneously. This method offers opportunities to question prevailing typologies of the term public that are oppositional in nature; this opposition serves to occlude the mutually dependent nature of the types. INT POPS are vaguely programmed, bounded, enclosed and enable proximity, and generate a social space recognizable as an essential characteristic of urban life: a visible aggregation of individuals prior to definition as a collective. Without a simultaneous examination of the physical spaces themselves and the rules, laws and codes that govern them these spaces a false image of a universally accessible space is produced.
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Vassallo, Jesus. "Small Room / Big Window." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.23.

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The city of Munich currently faces great demographic pressure, as it is expected to add 200.000 new dwellings over the next decade while facing a sharp shortage of available land. With that problem in mind, this project proposes to re-densify the suburban neighborhoods of the city of Munich built between the 1960s and 70s, taking advantage of the sparseness with which they were originally laid out. The project focuses on the areas of Neuperlach and Taufkirchen, and proposes to understand them as an unfinished landscape, the product of unresolved tensions between different planning approaches at the time of their realization. It then proposes to re-interpret the existing fabric and to transform it into a more urban and complete whole by replicating existing typologies in order to create denser compositions and to reinforce the perimeter of each city block.
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