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Suckling, David Maxwell. "New Zealand Plant Protection Medal 2017." New Zealand Plant Protection 71 (July 26, 2018): 358–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2018.71.223.
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This medal is awarded by the New Zealand Plant Protection Society to honour those who have made exceptional contributions to plant protection in New Zealand in the widest sense. The medal is awarded for outstanding services to plant protection, whether through research, education, implementation or leadership.
In 2017, the New Zealand Plant Protection Medal was awarded Prof David Maxwell (Max) Suckling. In his 35+ years of research, Max has been pivotal in bringing odour-based technologies to New Zealand. In particular, his research on insect pheromones has enabled integrated pest management to be realised in this country. As a result, New Zealand plant-based industries can access premium overseas markets due to the low pest prevalence and low pesticide residue on primary produce. It has also reduced grower exposure to pesticides.
The acknowledgement of his broad knowledge of risks and benefits that new organisms and substances can pose to New Zealand has been exemplified by his position of Chair of the Environmental Risk Management Authority Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Committee where he presided over decisions from determining which organisms are new to New Zealand through to whether the benefits of the release of new organisms outweighed the risks. His unique knowledge and ability to make sound judgements based on the evidence presented also led to two invitations back to the Environmental Protection Authority after he had finished as a special member on the Committee so that New Zealand could safely continue to assess the use of biological control agents.
Since 2004, in his role as Science Group Leader of the Biosecurity group at The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd (PFR), Max has been instrumental in developing tools to improve detection sensitivity and socially acceptable eradication options for new pests that threaten New Zealand, such as the Queensland fruit fly and the painted apple moth.
Max has been a member of the New Zealand Plant Protection Society for many years and served as President from 1999 to 2001. He was nominated for the Medal because of the passion he has displayed towards developing and making available socially acceptable pest eradication and management tools in New Zealand. The work that he and the chemical ecology team he has built and led, has had a large impact in many sectors from horticulture to biosecurity.
This use of socially acceptable tools for the productive sectors naturally led to Max’s involvement in the pest surveillance and eradication space. He led the Eradication and Response Theme in the Better Border Biosecurity collaboration for over ten years, co-ordinating research among Crown Research Institutes to achieve their goals and the goals of New Zealand’s biosecurity practitioners. He has gone beyond odour-based technologies and branched into sound, vision and sterile-insect technologies for managing pests, sticking with the social acceptance theme.
Max is an innovative thinker, testing novel approaches for pest management, and can bring quite separate groups together to achieve a goal. For example, he combined an irradiator used to sterilise medical equipment and insect rearing to achieve a boutique insect-sterilisation programme against the painted apple moth. By pushing the envelope, he is seen as a world leader in his field of using socially acceptable tools, with numerous invitations as a keynote speaker at international meetings, which has allowed him to return to New Zealand with some of the latest scientific ideas.
He has served on working groups of the sterile-insect technique for the joint division of the Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency. He was recently made a professor when he was made a joint appointment at PFR and the University of Auckland, and has supervised and co-supervised a number of PhD and MSc students.
His outstanding collaboration and mentoring skills enable him to work across different fields, secure new knowledge and tools for novel pest-management approaches, bring together people from different organisations, and mentor ‘thinking-out-of-the-square’ scientists for the future.
His desire to protect New Zealand’s flora, fauna and people, make him a worthy recipient of the New Zealand Plant Protection Medal.
NZPP Medal recipients for the previous five years:
2016: Rob Beresford
2015: Gary Barker
2014: -
2013: Andrew Hodson
2012: Margaret Dick
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Oberprieler, Rolf, Christopher Lyal, Kimberi Pullen, Mario Elgueta, Richard Leschen, and Samuel Brown. "A Tribute to Guillermo (Willy) Kuschel (1918–2017)." Diversity 10, no. 3 (September 14, 2018): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d10030101.
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This tribute commemorates the life and work of Guillermo (Willy) Kuschel, who made substantial contributions to the understanding of weevil systematics, evolution and biology. Willy was born in Chile in 1918 and studied philosophy, theology and biology. He became fascinated by weevils early on and completed his Ph.D. degree on South American Erirhinini. Subsequent employment by the University of Chile provided him with many opportunities to further his weevil research and undertake numerous collecting expeditions, including to remote and rugged locations such as the Juan Fernandez Islands and southern Chile. In 1963 he accepted a position at the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research in New Zealand, where he became Head of the Systematics Group in the Entomology Division. His emphasis on field work and collections led to the establishment of the New Zealand Arthropod Collection, which he guided through its greatest period of expansion. His retirement in 1983 offered him increased opportunities to pursue his weevil research. In 1988 he presented a new scheme of the higher classification of weevils, which ignited and inspired much subsequent research into weevil systematics. The breadth and quality of his research and his huge collecting efforts have left a legacy that will benefit future entomologists, especially weevil workers, for decades to come. This tribute presents a biography of Willy and accounts of his contributions to, and impact on, the systematics of weevils both regionally and globally. All of his publications and the genera and species named after him are listed in two appendices.
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Ash, AJ, and DMS Smith. "Evaluating Stocking Rate Impacts in Rangelands: Animals Don't Practice What We Preach." Rangeland Journal 18, no. 2 (1996): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9960216.
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paper session 29: Molecular biology - forage quality. In: Proc. XVII International Grassland Congress, pp. 1105-6. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. United States Department of Agriculture. (1980). Report and recommendations on organic farming. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC. VanTassel, L. W., Heitschmidt, R.K. and Conner, J.R. (1987). Modeling variation in range calf growth under conditions of environmental uncertainty. J. Range. Manage. 40: 310-4. Walker, B.H. (1993). Stability in rangelands: ecology and economics. In: Proc. XW International Grassland Congress, pp. 1885-90. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. Walker, J.W. (1994). Multispecies grazing: the ecological advantage. Sheep Res. J. Special Issue: 52-64. Walker, A.B., Frizelle, J.A. and Morris, S.D. (1994). The New Zealand policy framework for sustainable agriculture and some implications for animal production research. Proc. N. Z. Soc. Anim Prod. 54: 369-72. Walker, J.W., Heitschmidt, R.K., DeMoraes, E.A., Kothmann, M.M. and Dowhower, S.L. (1989). Quality and botanical composition of cattle diets under rotational and continuous grazing treatments. J. Range Manage . 42: 239-42. Whitson, R.E., Heitschmidt, R.K., Kothmann, M.M. and Lundgren, G.K. (1982). The impact of grazing systems on the magnitude and stability of ranch income in the Rolling Plains of Texas. J. Range Manage .35: 526-32. Wight, J.R. and Hanson, C.L. (1993). Simulation models as decision aids for management of rangeland ecosystems. In: Proc. XVII International Grassland Congress, pp. 770-1. Keeling and Mundy Ltd., Palmerston North, New Zealand. Wilson, A.D., Harrington, G.N. and Beale, I.F. (1984). Grazing management. In: Management of Australia's rangelands (Eds G.N. Harrington, A.D. Wilson and M.D. Young) pp. 129-40. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia. Wood, W.R. and Thiessen, T.D. (Eds) (1985). Early fur trade on the Northern Plains: the narratives of John Macdonnell, David Thompson, Francois-Antoine Laraocque and Charles McKenzie. University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Oklahoma. Manuscript received 4 April 1996, accepted 30 July 1996. Rangel. J. 18(2) 1996, 216-43 EVALUATING STOCKING RATE IMPACTS IN RANGELANDS: ANIMALS DON'T PRACTICE WHAT WE PREACH A.J. Ash1 and D.M. Stafford Smith2 'CSIRO Division of Tropical Crops and Pastures, PMB, Aitkenvale, Qld 4814 2CSIR0 Division of Wildlife and Ecology, PO Box 2111, Alice Springs, NT 0871 Abstract Stocking rate is the most important management variable affecting productivity and stability in rangelands. In this paper we examine the relevance of stocking rate research to the complex and highly variable ecosystems that make up most rangeland enterprises. We review a number of stocking rate experiments that have been conducted in both rangelands and more intensively grazed, improved pastures and demonstrate a fundamental difference in the nature of the stocking rate - animal production relationship between the two environments. Animal production in rangelands is less sensitive to increases in utilisation rate than in improved pastures, at least in the short to medium time frame of most experiments. These differences can largely be explained by factors relating to the much greater spatial and temporal variability of rangelands such as: inter-annual and seasonal fluctuations in vegetation composition and quality; long-term vegetation changes; and spatial and temporal patterns of diet selection in complex vegetation. Together, these factors limit the application of linear stocking rate models to complex rangeland environments for prediction of animal production responses. We suggest that dynamic simulation models, which incorporate the spatial and temporal variability of rangelands, may be the best way of developing simple but useful management principles for setting stocking rates that are more appropriate than simplified regression relationships.
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Balog, Catherine. "Agricultural research in New Zealand." Scientometrics 8, no. 1-2 (July 1985): 81–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02025222.
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Ladds, Monique A., Nokuthaba Sibanda, Richard Arnold, and Matthew R. Dunn. "Creating functional groups of marine fish from categorical traits." PeerJ 6 (October 23, 2018): e5795. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5795.
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Background Functional groups serve two important functions in ecology: they allow for simplification of ecosystem models and can aid in understanding diversity. Despite their important applications, there has not been a universally accepted method of how to define them. A common approach is to cluster species on a set of traits, validated through visual confirmation of resulting groups based primarily on expert opinion. The goal of this research is to determine a suitable procedure for creating and evaluating functional groups that arise from clustering nominal traits. Methods To do so, we produced a species by trait matrix of 22 traits from 116 fish species from Tasman Bay and Golden Bay, New Zealand. Data collected from photographs and published literature were predominantly nominal, and a small number of continuous traits were discretized. Some data were missing, so the benefit of imputing data was assessed using four approaches on data with known missing values. Hierarchical clustering is utilised to search for underlying data structure in the data that may represent functional groups. Within this clustering paradigm there are a number of distance matrices and linkage methods available, several combinations of which we test. The resulting clusters are evaluated using internal metrics developed specifically for nominal clustering. This revealed the choice of number of clusters, distance matrix and linkage method greatly affected the overall within- and between- cluster variability. We visualise the clustering in two dimensions and the stability of clusters is assessed through bootstrapping. Results Missing data imputation showed up to 90% accuracy using polytomous imputation, so was used to impute the real missing data. A division of the species information into three functional groups was the most separated, compact and stable result. Increasing the number of clusters increased the inconsistency of group membership, and selection of the appropriate distance matrix and linkage method improved the fit. Discussion We show that the commonly used methodologies used for the creation of functional groups are fraught with subjectivity, ultimately causing significant variation in the composition of resulting groups. Depending on the research goal dictates the appropriate strategy for selecting number of groups, distance matrix and clustering algorithm combination.
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Mark, Gerda, Graham Ellender, W. R. Hume, and F. E. Martin. "International Association for Dental Research Australian and New Zealand Division." Australian Dental Journal 35, no. 4 (August 1990): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1834-7819.1990.tb00787.x.
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Mullen, J. D., G. M. Scobie, and J. Crean. "Agricultural research: Implications for productivity in New Zealand and Australia." New Zealand Economic Papers 42, no. 2 (December 2008): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00779950809544421.
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COOPER, VIVIENNE CASSIE. "Freshwater algal research in New Zealand: an update." Archives of Natural History 21, no. 1 (February 1994): 113–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1994.21.1.113.
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Roudaki, Jamal, and Yousef Shahwan. "Corporate governance disclosures in the New Zealand agricultural companies." Corporate Board role duties and composition 13, no. 1 (2017): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv13i1p1.
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Livestock, agriculture, and horticulture products are essential in the New Zealand economic sustainable development. Consequently performance and governance of active companies in these areas of business are constantly monitored by the public through legislators, stock market, government agencies, and media. Practically corporate governance disclosures are providing essential information for such monitoring and analysis. This paper intention includes critically evaluate corporate governance disclosures of agriculture companies. Implementation of the content analysis methodology enables this research project to present analysis of the level of compliance with the 2004 Corporate Governance Principles and Guidelines that put forwarded by the New Zealand Stock Exchange (governance related disclosure and their non-listed counterpart as expected providing even less disclosure in this area. The financial and governance reports of these companies are suffering from deficient transparency in the area of corporate governance.
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Maindonald, J. H. "Statistical refereeing for the New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, the New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, and the New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 34, no. 4 (October 1991): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1991.10417678.
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Beresford, Rob. "New Zealand Plant Protection Medal 2016." New Zealand Plant Protection 71 (July 26, 2018): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2018.71.225.
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This medal is awarded by the New Zealand Plant Protection Society to honour those who have made exceptional contributions to plantprotection in New Zealand in the widest sense. The medal is awarded for outstanding services to plant protection, whether through research,education, implementation or leadership.
In 2016, the New Zealand Plant Protection Medal was awarded to Dr Rob Beresford who is one of New Zealand’s most experienced and versatile plant pathologists. Rob started his career in science with an MSc Hons, 1st class, in Auckland in 1978 and was appointed to DSIR Plant Diseases Division at Lincoln in 1979. He was awarded a National Research Advisory Council Postgraduate Research Fellowship to undertake PhD studies at Long Ashton Research Station in the UK from1982 to 1985, returning to Lincoln in 1986. Those studies kicked off a long career in epidemiology and today Rob is New Zealand’s pre-eminent plant disease epidemiologist. For 30 years, Rob has been New Zealand’s strongest advocate for the use of weather-based disease prediction for developing practicaldisease control strategies, particularly to reduce the economic, environmental and market residue impacts of fungicide use. By understanding and modelling relationships between pathogen biology and ecology and weather, Rob has translated complex correlations between biological and physical factorsinto simple practical tools for growers to use for disease control. To date, these have included decision support tools for apple scab, downy mildew in onions, botrytis in grapes and more recently Psa in kiwifruit. He has also developed prediction models for climatic risk of invasive pathogens (potato wart disease and myrtle rust) and for the impacts of climate change on crop diseases.
Recognising the importance of climate and weather in affecting plant diseases, Rob has, for many years, championed a network of weather stations in the key horticultural districts throughout New Zealand to generate data for the decision-support tools. It has been a struggle to keep the network running against shortages of funding and the frequent need to re-assert the value of the network to New Zealand horticulture. Rob has built a team of equally committed colleagues who share this understanding and, through tenacity and persistence, have recently achieved an upgrade of the entire network to internet-based communication systems. It is through his close collaborations over many years with the software company HortPlus that his decision support tools have been delivered to the commercial arena.
Rob was a member of the New Zealand team that argued the case at the World Trade Organisation for the easing of restrictions on New Zealand apples entering Australia. Rob’s superior skills in interpreting climate data, in this case Australian data, in terms of pathogen survival, establishment and spread, and his clarity in presenting the results were instrumental in the success of that case in 2010.
In parallel with Rob’s epidemiological strategy to reduce fungicide use is his interest in the threat of pathogens developing resistance to fungicides. Rob leads research to identify resistance threats to fungicides and also provides liaison between grower associations and agrochemical companies to design and implement robust resistance-management strategies. His focus on resistance started in 2005 when he published updated management strategies for all nine of the then available fungicide groups for the New Zealand Plant Protection Society (NZPPS). In 2007, he re-established the New Zealand Committee on Pesticide Resistance (NZCPR) (which had been in abeyance for 10 years) and chaired the committee’s work on fungicides, insecticides and herbicides from 2007 to 2012. He stepped aside to become NZCPR Science Advisor in 2012 so he could focus on resistance research. Following devastating disease outbreaks of apple scab (Venturia ineaqualis) in the pipfruit industry in 2009, Rob initiated a research programme with Pipfruit New Zealand that showed the cause of the outbreaks to be resistance to two groups of fungicides in use at the time. He has recently coordinated resistance strategy updates for botrytis affecting the wine industry, for summer fruit diseases and is currently leading a programme to monitor resistance of grape powdery mildew to key groups of fungicides. Rob was awarded the 2014 Plant & Food Research Chairman’s Award for his work on fungicide resistance.
Rob is an effective communicator at all levels from heavy science to grower forums and is always willing to share his time, skills and knowledge. He has been involved with undergraduate lecturing for many years and has successfully supervised several PhDs.
NZPP Medal recipients for the previous five years:2015: Gary Barker2014: -2013: Andrew Hodson2012: Margaret Dick2011: Jim Walker
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Nash, Chris. "FRONTLINE: Gentle sounds, distant roar: a watershed year for journalism as research." Pacific Journalism Review : Te Koakoa 26, no. 2 (November 30, 2020): 132–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/pjr.v26i2.1147.
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The Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC) 2020 decision on disciplinary categories has profound implications for journalism as a research discipline. Journalism Practice and Professional Writing retain their six-digit Fields of Research (FoR) code within the Creative Arts and Writing Division, a new six-digit FoR of Journalism Studies has been created in the Division of Language, Communication and Culture, and three new FoR codes of Literature, Journalism and Professional Writing have been created for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander, Māori and Pacific Peoples within the new Indigenous Studies Division. This categorisation both confirms Journalism as a sovereign and independent discipline distinct from Communication and Media Studies, which has been in bitter contention for more than two decades. The ANZSRC confirmed its 2008 policy that the sole and definitive criterion for categorisation was methodology. This article explores the welcome ramifications of this decision for Journalism within Australasian university-based journalism and charts some of the issues ahead for journalism academics as they embark on the long overdue and fraught path to disciplinary self-recognition as an equal among the humanities and social sciences.
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Scheele, Finn, Titimanu Simi, Johnie Tarry Nimau, Shaun Williams, Ryan Paulik, ShengLin Lin, Juliana Ungaro, Paula Holland, and Richard Woods. "Applying New Zealand’s risk tools internationally: Case studies from Samoa and Vanuatu." MATEC Web of Conferences 331 (2020): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202033101003.
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Decision makers require disaster risk management (DRM) tools to better prepare for and respond to emergencies, and for making sound land- use planning decisions. Risk tools need to incorporate multiple hazard and asset types, and have the versatility to adapt to local contexts. RiskScape is a natural hazards impact and loss modelling tool developed to support DRM related decision making in New Zealand. The RiskScape software has benefitted from over 10 years of research and development, and has been used for a diverse range of applications both in New Zealand and internationally. Experience and challenges in applying RiskScape beyond New Zealand are highlighted in this study through the tailoring of RiskScape for Pacific Island countries, as part of the Pacific Risk Tool for Resilience (PARTneR) project. PARTneR is a collaborative project between the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), GNS Science, the disaster management offices of Samoa and Vanuatu, and the Geoscience Division of the Pacific Community. RiskScape is applied through three demonstration case studies for each country, focused on prominent natural hazards.
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Exeter, Daniel John, Jinfeng Zhao, Sue Crengle, Arier Lee, and Michael Browne. "The New Zealand Indices of Multiple Deprivation (IMD): A new suite of indicators for social and health research in Aotearoa, New Zealand." PLOS ONE 12, no. 8 (August 3, 2017): e0181260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0181260.
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Rowarth, Jacqueline, Michael Manning, Ants Roberts, and Warren King. "New-generative agriculture – based on science, informed by research and honed by New Zealand farmers." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 82 (January 21, 2021): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2020.82.430.
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Highlights
Regenerative agriculture is being promoted as a way to produce food sustainably while building soil carbon under high residual rotational grazing and minimising environmental impact.
Research indicates that the environmental impact of conventional agricultural systems is generally lower than for alternative systems per unit of food production and sometimes per hectare. Soil carbon is higher under well-managed intensive grazing than under extensively managed systems. Adopting non-optimal grazing management decreases pasture quality and increases GHG and N losses.
New Zealand has developed optimal rotational grazing and has soils with high organic-matter contents. Rather than adopting a concept developed overseas which has a fluid definition, New Zealand could promote New-generative agriculture… encapsulating what is already being done.
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P. Sturman, Andrew, Hamish A. McGowan, and Rachel A. Spronken-Smith. "Mesoscale and local climates in New Zealand." Progress in Physical Geography: Earth and Environment 23, no. 4 (December 1999): 611–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030913339902300407.
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New Zealand is a country of marked local and regional environmental variability. The complexity of the terrain and significant relief of this island nation surrounded by extensive areas of ocean produce rapid changes of climate over relatively short distances. This article provides a selective review of recent research into the mesoscale and local climates of this interestingly varied environment. Research completed on energy budgets of the varying surface types provides the starting point for an assessment of thermal effects on the atmospheric boundary layer and airflow. The dynamic effects of surface topography are also seen to have a major impact on regional and local airflow patterns, as well as on mesoscale variations of convection and precipitation. It is clear that the interaction of mid-latitude synoptic weather systems with the mountains of New Zealand produces distinct patterns of wind and rainfall that have a major impact on the physical and human environment of the country. The föhn nor'wester and southerly changes are significant local meteorological phenomena, while mesoscale climate processes are increasingly recognized as important for agricultural activities, the management of hydrological systems and in dealing with environmental problems such as air pollution.
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Turner, Donald H., and Robin G. Brumfield. "Export Marketing of Fresh Fruits in New Zealand." HortTechnology 4, no. 2 (April 1994): 118–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.4.2.118.
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The development of New Zealand's economy was based largely on exports to England. With the formation of the EEC, New Zealand was forced to find other markets and concentrate on a wider variety of export commodities. Marketing boards for specific products with monopoly power have been at the center of agricultural and horticultural exports in New Zealand. New Zealand has concentrated on developing new varieties, premium quality, research on postharvest handling, branding, and other marketing procedures to compete in the world market and give producers a good return.
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Botha, Neels, Laurens Klerkx, Bruce Small, and James A. Turner. "Lessons on Transdisciplinary Research in a Co-Innovation Programme in the New Zealand Agricultural Sector." Outlook on Agriculture 43, no. 3 (September 2014): 219–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/oa.2014.0175.
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Fleming-Muñoz, David A., Kate Preston, and Andrea Arratia-Solar. "Value and impact of publicly funded climate change agricultural mitigation research: Insights from New Zealand." Journal of Cleaner Production 248 (March 2020): 119249. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119249.
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Leslie, M., M. Aspin, and H. Clark. "Greenhouse gas emissions from New Zealand agriculture: issues, perspectives and industry response." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07306.
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The prosperity of New Zealand (NZ) rests to a large extent on agriculture. Although our total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are unusually small for a developed nation, agricultural emissions make up almost half of the total emissions from NZ. Emissions from NZ agriculture have been rising at close to 1% a year since 1990 and by 2010, the midpoint of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, they are projected to be 7.2 Mt per year higher than the 1990 baseline. This excess has a potential cost of over NZ$0.5 billion. Despite the continued rise in absolute emissions, emissions intensity, the amount of GHG produced per unit of food produced, has been dropping and the emissions intensity of NZ agriculture goods compares favourably with that of other developed nations. The NZ agricultural sector has actively engaged in the search for cost-effective mitigation solutions and, in partnership with the government, has funded research through the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium (PGGRC). The PGGRC has been in existence since 2002 and has invested NZ$16 million in research into reducing methane and nitrous oxide emissions from pastoral agriculture. The structure of this research funding body, its objectives, achievements and future challenges are briefly outlined.
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Morton, J. D. "Levy oration - 2014: Agricultural science and extension." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 77 (January 1, 2013): 7–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2015.77.496.
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Since this oration is in the name of Sir Bruce Levy, I took the time to Google his biography and found it in the Te Ara Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Many of us are aware of his role as the Father of New Zealand Grasslands with his message of fertiliser, improved pasture cultivars and the efficient cycling of nutrients through grazing. But what interested me was his extension technique with farmers. This was described as akin to a sergeant major (Sir Bruce) dressing down the latest group of raw recruits (the farmers). It was clearly suitable for those times. Interestingly, Sir Bruce Levy, in taking his research findings out directly to farmers, was emulated by other notable scientists such as McMeekan and Brougham.
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Visnovsky, Sandra B., Robert K. Taylor, and David A. J. Teulon. "Current and planned research for managing the risk of Xylella fastidiosa to New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 72 (July 28, 2019): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2019.72.320.
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Xylella fastidiosa (Xf), a xylem-limited bacterium native to the Americas, has a devastating impact on many crops internationally. In California, Xf causes over USD 100 million in yearly losses to the grape industry and infects an estimated 200 million citrus trees in Brazil. More recently, Xf killed around one million olive trees on the Italian peninsula of Salento. Xylella fastidiosa is not known to be present in New Zealand. The glassy-winged sharpshooter (Homalodisca vitripennis), an important vector of Xf in California, is also not present in New Zealand. However, the meadow spittle bug (Philaenus spumarius), an important vector of Xf in Italy, is present. Many economically important horticultural, viticultural, agricultural, amenity and indigenous/native plant species, including taonga, are likely to be susceptible to Xf. Aspects of our research on Xf to understand the impact, reduce the likelihood of entry into New Zealand and/or minimising its impact in New Zealand will be presented. The research listed on the poster spans risk assessment, diagnostics, surveillance and biological control but could certainly be increased across the biosecurity continuum given the magnitude of the threat from Xf to New Zealand’s valuable plant systems.
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SYKES, W. R. "S. G. BROOKER, R. C. CAMBIE and R. C. COOPER. Economic plants of New Zealand. Botany Division, D.S.I.R., Christchurch, New Zealand: 1988. Pp xii, 130; illustrated. Price NZ$16.50. ISBN 0-477-032526-9." Archives of Natural History 18, no. 1 (February 1991): 130–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.1991.18.1.130c.
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Stevens, D. R., M. J. Casey, and K. A. Cousins. "Farming systems research: purpose, history and impact in New Zealand hill country." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 16 (January 1, 2016): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.16.2016.3261.
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A review of the literature accessed 234 papers that referenced farm or farming systems research in New Zealand hill country. These were categorised into resource allocation/productivity, modelling, farm studies and sociology. Sociology was further categorised into social, cultural, resilience, policy and regulation, and system behaviour and change. Farming systems research developed over the 5 decades studied from 9 papers in 1960-1975, to a peak of 60 papers during the 1986-1995 decade. The number of papers accessed during the latest decade, 2006-2015, was 57. The focus of research has changed significantly from an initial emphasis on biophysical processes and productivity, peaking in the 1976-1985 decade and then tapering off. This provided data for the development of models that could generate many more comparisons at lower cost. Modelling of the biophysical farm and economic outcomes has been steady through the decades from 1986 to present. The impacts of policy and regulation have featured strongly in the 1986-1995 decade after agricultural deregulation, and again in the 2006-2015 decade as consumer and societal concerns about the environment have emerged. Resilience of the farming system, encompassing production, economic, social and environmental trade-offs, has emerged as a topic being most prevalent in the most recent decade from 2006-2015. The discipline of farm systems research has also matured over this time as a greater range of research techniques, over a wider range of subject matter have been applied. An evolution of the discipline has also seen the integration of the principles of complex adaptive systems into the work. Keywords: cultural, economic, environmental, farm systems, modelling, policy, production, regulation, resilience, social
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Ross, Alastair. "Integrating research into operational practice." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 370, no. 1674 (August 5, 2015): 20140261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2014.0261.
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Research and development can be classified into three categories: technology adoption, technology extension, and knowledge and technology creation. In general, technology adoption is embedded in operational forensic science laboratory practice but the latter two categories require partnerships with industry and/or academia both to conduct the research and implement the outcomes. In a 2012 survey, Australian and New Zealand forensic science laboratories identified a number of ‘roadblocks’ to undertaking research and operationalizing research outcomes. These included insufficient time and funding, a lack of in-house research experience and the absence of a tangible research culture. Allied to this is that, increasingly, forensic science research is conducted in a ‘commercial in confidence’ environment and the outcomes are not readily or cost-effectively available to be integrated into operational forensic science laboratories. The paper is predominantly reflective of the current situation in Australia and New Zealand
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MESHRAM, NARESH M., STUTI RAI, N. N. RAJGOPAL, and N. RAMYA. "Two new species of tribe Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) with note on intraspecific variations." Zootaxa 4378, no. 3 (February 8, 2018): 442. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4378.3.11.
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Two new species of leafhoppers, Durgades sineprocessus sp. nov. (From Himachal Pradesh: Kalpa) and Japanagallia dolabra sp. nov. (From Sikkim: Lachung) from India, are described and illustrated. Photographic illustrations of Durgades aviana Viraktamath and a detailed note on intraspecific variation in male genitalia of Austroagallia sinuata (Mulsant & Rey) are also provided. Material is deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India.
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Trapeznik, Alexander, and Austin Gee. "'Each in his narrow cell for ever laid': Dunedin's Southern Cemetery and its New Zealand Counterparts." Public History Review 20 (October 31, 2013): 42–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/phrj.v20i0.3183.
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This article compares aspects of the design, layout and purpose of a range of historic New Zealand urban cemeteries with the Southern Cemetery in Dunedin. It makes use of recent research conducted for historic conservation reports which has enable detailed comparisons to be made for the first time. The Southern Cemetery survives as a representative example of a modern, urban cemetery of the mid-nineteenth century, though it is unusual in being in a comparatively unaltered state. It is shown that denominational division was a requirement from the outset in most places, contrary to the widespread assumption that it was uncommon. No major regional differences between cemeteries are to be found other than those due to the ethnic and religious pattern of settlement. The topography of cemeteries is also considered, together with their siting, plantings, specialised structures, maintenance, and their vulnerability to vandalism, ‘improvement’ or destruction.
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Mannetje, Andrea ‘t. "O1A.6 The carcinogenicity of pesticides used in new zealand." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (April 2019): A4.2—A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.11.
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IntroductionYearly over 3000 tonnes of pesticide active ingredients are applied in New Zealand agriculture. Since the 1980’s, epidemiological studies have reported increased risks of lymphopoietic cancers in agricultural sectors with high pesticide use. Here we aim to estimate the number and total volume of currently used pesticides in New Zealand that are known or suspected human carcinogens, in order to inform interventions.MethodsFor each of the pesticide active ingredients most commonly used in New Zealand, the carcinogenicity classification of three regulatory agencies (The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority [NZ-EPA], the US Environmental Protection Agency [US-EPA], and the European Chemicals Agency [EU]) were extracted, as well as the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph Programme. Total tonnes of active ingredients that are known or suspected human carcinogens was calculated for each classification.ResultsNone of the pesticides used in New Zealand are classified as known human carcinogens by any of the three regulatory agencies or IARC. Annually New Zealand uses 148–756 tonnes of active pesticide ingredients that are classified as suspected human carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies. If also including the pesticides classified by IARC as possible or probable human carcinogens, the upper estimate doubles to 1475 tonnes, representing half of the total volume of pesticide active ingredients used in New Zealand agriculture. The percentage and volume of active ingredients classified as suspected carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies was highest for the fungicides (8%–60%; 72–540 tonnes), followed by herbicides (3%–10%; 60–200 tonnes), and insecticides (8%, 16 tonnes).ConclusionsAlthough no known human carcinogens are used as pesticides, New Zealand’s high use of pesticides that are suspected carcinogens requires a greater awareness of the presence of potential carcinogens in the agricultural sector and the development of an intervention strategy to reduce cancer risk.
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MESHRAM, NARESH M., MOGILI RAMAIAH, P. R. SHASHANK, and STUTI. "New record of the genus Baseprocessa (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae) from India with description of a new species." Zootaxa 4999, no. 5 (July 14, 2021): 479–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4999.5.6.
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The coelidiinae leafhopper genus Baseprocessa Fan & Li is newly recorded from India based on the description of B. patkaensis Meshram sp. nov. and a proposed new combination, B. serratispatulata (Viraktamath & Meshram) comb. nov. Materials are deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India. Photographic illustrations, checklist and key to species of this genus along with a distribution map are also provided.
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Ros, Rosa M., John Hearnshaw, Magda Stavinschi, Beatriz Garcia, Michele Gerbaldi, Jean-Pierre de Greve, Edward Guinan, et al. "DIVISION XII: COMMISSION 46: EDUCATION & DEVELOPMENT OF ASTRONOMY." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 10, T28B (August 2013): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921315005633.
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C46 is a Commission of the Executive Committee of the IAU under Division XII Union-Wide Activities. Aiming at improvement of astronomy education and research at all levels worldwide (through the various projects it initiates),maintains, develops, as well as through the dissemination of information. C46 has 332 members and it was managed by the Organizing Committee, formed by the Commission President (Rosa M. Ros, from Spain), the Vice-Presiden (John Hearnshaw, from New Zealand), the Retiring President (Magda Stavinschi, from Romania), the Vice-President of the IAU (George Miley, from Netherland) and the PG chairs: •Worldwide Development of Astronomy WWDA: John Hearnshaw•Teaching Astronomy for Development TAD: Edward Guinan and Laurence A. Marshall•International Schools for Young Astronomers ISYA; chair: Jean-Pierre de Greve•Network for Astronomy School Education NASE: Rosa M. Ros and Beatriz Garcia•Public Understanding at the times of Solar Eclipses and transit Phenomena PUTSE: Jay Pasachoff•National Liaison and Newsletter: Barrie Jones•Collaborative Programs: Hans Haubold
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French, Charles E. "Wallace, L. Tim, and Ralph Lattimore, eds. Rural New Zealand—What Next? Canterbury, New Zealand: Agribusiness and Economics Research Unit. Lincoln College, 1987, xi + 380 pp., $‐29.95 (NZ)." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 71, no. 1 (February 1989): 236–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1241807.
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Wales, W. J., and E. S. Kolver. "Challenges of feeding dairy cows in Australia and New Zealand." Animal Production Science 57, no. 7 (2017): 1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16828.
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There is a continuing evolution of feeding systems in both Australian and New Zealand dairy industries and this presents challenges for the future. Since the turn of the century, the two countries have diverged in industry growth characteristics, with Australian dairying having contracted, with 10% less milk being produced because of 20% fewer cows producing 15% more per cow, whereas New Zealand dairying has expanded, producing 83% more milk driven by a 54% increase in cow numbers and a 31% increase in milk production per cow. Solutions to optimise feed efficiency included the common themes of (1) growing more forage on farm, (2) increasing its utilisation and (3) more efficient use of supplements resulting in increases in DM intake, and they remain relevant. In New Zealand, many of the recent research activities have aimed at improving feed supply while limiting environmental impacts driven by increasing societal concern surrounding the environmental footprint of a growing and intensifying agricultural sector. In Australia, many of the recent research activities have aimed at improving feed efficiency, with a focus on understanding situations where partial mixed ration feeding systems (Australian Farm Systems 3 and 4) are sustainable. Simply growing more feed on farm can no longer be a sole objective; farms must be operated with a view to reduce the environmental footprint, with New Zealand dairy farmers increasingly needing to farm within nitrogen limits. The present review revisits and reinforces many of the concepts developed in previous reviews, but also examines the evolution of feeding systems in both countries and opportunities to improve feed efficiency and profit, while satisfying public expectations around environmental stewardship. We also identify some of the gaps in the current knowledge that warrant further research.
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Sherring, Phill. "Declare or dispose: protecting New Zealand’s border with behaviour change." Journal of Social Marketing 10, no. 1 (June 3, 2019): 85–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsocm-09-2018-0103.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to highlight the case study of the Ministry for Primary Industries’ (MPI) Border Compliance Social Marketing programme. This programme aims to change the behaviour of international visitors to New Zealand. This is to protect New Zealand’s important horticultural and agricultural industries and environment from harmful pests and diseases. The programme encourages travellers to leave potential biosecurity risk items at home, or at least declare them to border staff or dispose of in special amnesty bins at New Zealand’s airports on arrival. It also influences local communities to advocate to friends and family overseas on MPI’s behalf. Design/methodology/approach Aimed at visitors with the highest identified risk, the programme uses a range of interventions in the pre-travel, in-journey and upon-arrival stages of travel. It is underpinned by social marketing theory and models, qualitative and ethnographic research and an understanding of the passenger journey. Findings The programme has delivered a significant reduction in the number of passengers being caught with prohibited items and has influenced behaviours in packing bags before travel and declaring items for inspection on arrival in New Zealand. Originality/value The programme contributes to the New Zealand biosecurity system, which protects the country’s key horticultural and agricultural industries. For example, the horticultural industry contributes $5.6bn annually to the New Zealand economy. It also protects native flora and fauna, which is a large attraction to overseas visitors, and contributes to the $12.9bn tourism industry.
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Roudaki, Jamal. "Corporate governance structures and firm performance in large agriculture companies in New Zealand." Corporate Governance: The International Journal of Business in Society 18, no. 5 (October 1, 2018): 987–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cg-07-2018-0241.
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PurposeThis study aims to explore the role of corporate governance (CG) characteristics on the financial performance of large agricultural companies in New Zealand. External auditor remuneration and board characteristics, such as board ownership, board compensation, board independence and board gender diversity, are addressed in the context of New Zealand’s agricultural companies by applying agency theory.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a balanced panel data generalised least square regression analysis on 80 firm-years of observations over the period from 2012 to 2015.FindingsEmpirical analysis revealed that external auditors’ remuneration and board characteristics, such as board compensation and board independence, except for board ownership and board gender diversity, held no association with the agricultural companies’ performance. While board ownership and board gender diversity were negatively, but significantly, associated with firm performance, these results were pronounced in the listed agricultural companies rather than in the non-listed companies.Research limitations/implicationsThis study encountered limitations commonly associated with the majority of industry-specific studies, i.e. small sample size and lack of published financial information from databases. Therefore, for generalisation, these limitations were considered relevant.Practical implicationsThe results of this research project are beneficial for authorities and agricultural company directors in implementing CG principles and guidelines to empower such companies in international competition. Encouraging agricultural companies to maintain a high level of transparency in financial reporting is of central interest for the government’s economic development, and stock market investors achieve a high level of transparency in non-financial disclosures, the chief objective of this study. Finally, the results of this paper may encourage auditors to scrutinise CG disclosures by agricultural companies in more detail, looking for undisclosed information.Social implicationsThe results of this paper may encourage managerial transparency by providing appropriate disclosures for the public benefit. Investors may benefit from the disclosure provided in their economic decision-making and the public may expand on the information disclosed in facilitating development through exports, expansion of foreign investments and the indigenous economy.Originality/valueThe findings contribute to the literature by providing novel and original insights into using a sample of listed and non-listed agricultural companies to extend the current understanding of the governance-performance nexus.
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Bolan, NS, RE White, and MJ Hedley. "A review of the use of phosphate rocks as fertilizers for direct application in Australia and New Zealand." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 30, no. 2 (1990): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9900297.
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Field trials in New Zealand have shown that reactive phosphate rocks (RPRs) can be as effective as soluble P fertilisers, per kg of P applied, on permanent pastures that have a soil pH<6.0 (in water) and a mean annual rainfall >800 mm. Whereas RPRs such as North Carolina, Sechura, Gafsa and Chatham Rise have been evaluated on permanent pastures in New Zealand, most Australian field trials have examined unreactive PRs such as Christmas Island A and C grade, Nauru and Duchess, using annual plant species. Only in recent experiments has an RPR, North Carolina, been examined. Except on the highly leached sands in southern and south-western Australia, both reactive and unreactive PRs have shown a low effectiveness relative to superphosphate. In addition to chemical reactivity, other factors may contribute to the difference in the observed agronomic effectiveness of PRs in Australia and New Zealand. Generally, PRs have been evaluated on soils of lower pH, higher pH buffering capacity (as measured by titratable acidity) and higher P status in New Zealand than in Australia. Rainfall is more evenly distributed throughout the year on New Zealand pastures than in Australia where the soil surface dries out between rainfall events. Dry conditions reduce the rate at which soil acid diffuses to a PR granule and dissolution products diffuse away. Even when pH and soil moisture are favourable, the release of P from PR is slow and more suited to permanent pasture (i.e. the conditions usually used to evaluate PRs in New Zealand) than to the annual pastures or crops used in most Australian trials. Based on the criteria of soil pH<6.0 and mean annual rainfall >800 mm, it is estimated that the potentially suitable area for RPRs on pasture in New Zealand is about 8 million ha. Extending this analysis to Australia, but excluding the seasonal rainfall areas of northern and south-western Australia, the potentially suitable area is about 13 million ha. In New Zealand, many of the soils in the North and South Islands satisfy both the pH and rainfall criteria. However, suitable areas in Australia are confined mainly to the coastal and tableland areas of New South Wales and eastern Victoria, and within these areas the actual effectiveness of RPR will depend markedly on soil management and the distribution of annual rainfall. Further research on RPR use should be focused on these areas.
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Kelly, T., J. Reid, and I. Valentine. "Enhancing the utility of science: exploring the linkages between a science provider and their end-users in New Zealand." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 11 (2006): 1425. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04001.
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Increasingly, publicly funded research is being required to demonstrate its contribution to the public good. In response to this trend, a science provider of soil quality research in New Zealand initiated a research project that set out to identify and characterise its end-users in order to improve the utility of their research. The researchers recognised the complex nature of this problem and adopted an action research approach based on soft systems methodology (SSM). The research process entailed 4 action research cycles, allowing greater levels of problem redefinition and participant learning. The quality of linkages between the science provider and their end-users was found to be crucial for improving the utility of that science, and is determined by: (i) the nature of the personal relationships between them, (ii) how the information meets the needs of the end-users, (iii) the end-users’ perceptions of the science provider, and (iv) the culture and structure of the end-user organisations.
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de Klein, Cecile A. M., Robert R. Sherlock, Keith C. Cameron, and Tony J. van der Weerden. "Nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soils in New Zealand—A review of current knowledge and directions for future research." Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 31, no. 3 (September 2001): 543–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014223.2001.9517667.
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Leduc, Daniel. "A new nematode species, Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. (Chromadorida: Chromadoridae) from the hull of a research vessel, New Zealand." PeerJ 8 (May 26, 2020): e9233. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9233.
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Chromadorina is a globally distributed, largely marine nematode genus frequently found on a variety of organisms, including macro- and microalgae and crustaceans, as well as artificial substrates such as settlement plates and ship hulls. Here, Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. is described from filamentous seaweed growing on the hull of RV Tangaroa anchored in Wellington, North Island of New Zealand. It is characterized by body length 763–1,086 μm, and pore of secretory-excretory system located at or near level of teeth. Males have spicules with rounded capitulum followed by a narrower shaft and blade tapered distally, a gubernaculum as long as the spicules, and three cup-shaped precloacal supplements, and females are characterized by a cuticularized prevulvar pad, vagina located at 46–48% of body length from anterior, and vagina anteriorly directed. Chromadorina tangaroa sp. nov. is the first species of the genus to be described from New Zealand, but it is unclear whether it is native to the region because it may have dispersed as part of ship hull biofouling communities. Long-distance transport of nematodes through ship hull biofouling may be a common occurrence, but too little is known about the occurrence of nematodes on ship hulls to gauge the potential effect of shipping on nematode species distributions.
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Kirkham, M. B., and B. E. Clothier. "Loss and Recovery of Research Investment for Applied Sciences: A Salutary Lesson from New Zealand." HortTechnology 17, no. 1 (January 2007): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.17.1.9.
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In 1992, all governmental resourcing and investment in New Zealand, including that for science, underwent dramatic reform. The global philosophy driving the reform was new public management—a method by which nations could be run more economically by emulating the commercial world. Central to the reform was separation of policy, purchasing (investment), and providers (in the case of research scientists). The reform led to a large reduction in the number of governmental scientists. For example, in 1 year alone, 2001–2002, the Horticultural and Food Research Institute, one of the nine governmental branches of science, lost 51 staff members, 10% of its work force. Over a decade later after the establishment of the reform, in July 2003, the New Zealand government's investment agency announced its budget for the next 6 years. The government-funded science sectors considered to do modern research such as computer technology and biotechnology, and halved funding for land-related sciences. The reduced budget dramatically limited New Zealand's capacity for research in soil and land-use science and ended all research positions in this area (38 jobs). Public outcry through newspaper editorials and from leading businessmen, along with effective leadership from the scientific community, led to the reestablishment of funding in the form of a virtual national center called Sustainable Land Use Research Initiative (SLURI). The elimination of funding for soil and land-use science research in New Zealand was an unexpected and potentially disastrous result of new public management. New Zealand's experience has relevance for the United States, because budgets for agricultural research are being severely reduced or converted to competitive funding. The U.S. President's fiscal year 2006 budget proposed to cut formula funding by 50% and to zero it out in fiscal year 2007. The funds would have been put in competitive grants. In New Zealand, the lack of ability to respond to a scientific problem demonstrated that a balance must be maintained in funding decisions so that scientific capability is retained to solve unforeseen future problems.
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Cripps, M. G., K. L. Bailey, C. N. Merfield, S. D. Jackman, and G. W. Bourd?t. "The search for white tip of Californian thistle in New Zealand." New Zealand Plant Protection 67 (January 8, 2014): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2014.67.5777.
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Phoma macrostoma is a cosmopolitan fungus pathogenic to a wide range of herbaceous and woody plant species but nonpathogenic to most grasses Recently a strain of P macrostoma pathogenic to Californian thistle (Cirsium arvense) and other broadleaf weeds was registered as a bioherbicide in Canada for use in turf grass and arable cropping systemsThis strain causes a condition known as white tip disease that is characterised by symptoms of yellow to white chlorosis commonly referred to as photobleaching Symptoms characteristic of white tip disease have been observed on Californian thistle in New Zealand but it is uncertain if the causal agent is P macrostoma The aim was to determine if strains of P macrostoma that cause white tip disease and are genetically similar to the Canadian bioherbicide strain are present in New Zealand The presence of such strains would facilitate the registration of this pathogen as a bioherbicide since most safety requirements will have been satisfied by overseas research People in the agricultural industry are encouraged to look for Californian thistle with white tip symptoms and send samples to AgResearch for identification
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KAUR, SIMARJIT, DEEPTI GARIMA, and MANPREET SINGH PANDHER. "New Species and New Records of Caddisflies (Insecta: Trichoptera) from India." Zootaxa 4801, no. 3 (June 19, 2020): 600. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4801.3.13.
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In the publication by Kaur et al. (2020), the depository for the holotype of Chimarra gangtokensis new species was given as “(NPC)”, but no corresponding explanation for this acronym was provided in that publication. Therefore, the name of the species is unavailable (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 1999, Art. 16.4.2). We clarify here that the holotype is a male deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa, New Delhi (NPC). The purpose of this note is to validate the name of the new species from the publication date of this erratum by a reference to the original description and diagnosis as an indication (International Code of Zoological Nomenclature 1999, Art. 13.1.2).
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Stone-Jovicich, Samantha, Helen Percy, Larelle McMillan, James A. Turner, Lan Chen, and Toni White. "Evaluating monitoring, evaluation and learning initiatives in the New Zealand and Australian agricultural research and innovation systems: The MEL2 framework." Evaluation Journal of Australasia 19, no. 1 (March 2019): 8–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1035719x18823567.
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The potential for monitoring, evaluation and learning (MEL) to enhance innovation and impact in agricultural research and development is receiving increasing attention. New Zealand’s AgResearch Limited and Australia’s CSIRO Agriculture and Food are working with their scientists to support the organisations to achieve greater innovation and impact by embedding MEL into research programs and projects. However, both organisations have found it challenging to systematically demonstrate the value of their MEL initiatives. While there is an increasing number of case studies and anecdotes pointing towards the contribution of MEL to fostering innovation that delivers social, economic and environmental impacts, there is limited evidence, collated through systematic and rigorous methods, to substantiate this. This article presents an evaluation framework drawing on insights from complexity science (the Cynefin framework), evaluation practice and research (complexity-aware M&E and reflective practice) and innovation capacities (learning, reflection and adaptation). The framework is intended for research organisations working in agricultural innovation systems to be able to demonstrate the value of their MEL initiatives as well as carry out comparative analyses. It also supports organisational learning to better inform evaluative strategies and actions.
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Duckworth, J. A., X. Cui, F. C. Molinia, W. Lubitz, and P. E. Cowan. "208.Zona pellucida vaccines for fertility control of brushtail possums in New Zealand." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 9 (2004): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb04abs208.
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Introduced marsupial brushtail possums (Trichosurus vulpecula) are a major pest in New Zealand because of their impacts on conservation values and agricultural production. Immunologically-based fertility control (immunocontraception) offers an effective and humane alternative approach to possum management. The zona pellucida (ZP) is an extracellular coat around all mammalian eggs and an attractive target for the development of immunocontraceptive vaccines. Antibodies against ZP are ovary-specific and act by preventing sperm from binding and penetrating the ova and/or by disrupting the development of follicles or early embryo. The aim of these studies was to test the efficacy of possum-derived ZP antigens for their ability to elicit sustained immune responses and cause infertility, and to assess a range of options for development of a bait-delivered contraceptive vaccine. Alloimmunisation with possum ZP2 and ZP3 proteins showed that self-ZP antigens elicited strong humoral immune responses and reduced the fertility of female possums by 72-80%. Several potentially possum-specific immunocontraceptive peptides have been identified by linear epitope mapping and amino acid alignment and are being tested for their ability to reduce fertility. Recent trials have demonstrated that possums mount immune responses against ZP antigens delivered in transgenic plants and bacterial ghosts. Research on antigen and specific peptide identification, non-target effects and delivery systems is ongoing. Research supported by NZ Foundation for�Research Science & Technology, Marsupial CRC and NZ Animal Health Board.
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Twist, Brenton A., Kate F. Neill, Jaret Bilewitch, So Young Jeong, Judy E. Sutherland, and Wendy A. Nelson. "High diversity of coralline algae in New Zealand revealed: Knowledge gaps and implications for future research." PLOS ONE 14, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): e0225645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225645.
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Mackay, Michael, Tracy Nelson, and Harvey C. Perkins. "Agritourism and the adaptive re-use of farm buildings in New Zealand." Open Agriculture 4, no. 1 (September 10, 2019): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opag-2019-0047.
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AbstractThis paper reports findings from a study of the adaptive re-purposing of farm buildings for a wide array of agritourism activities. The research is being conducted in New Zealand where the international visitor sector is thriving. In response, an increasing number of farmers are attempting to boost their farm incomes by adding tourism ventures to their business portfolios. In doing so, many of them are using and preserving rural cultural heritage, particularly old agricultural and other rural buildings, while also diversifying farm activity. This element of agritourism therefore has an important role in the protection and adaptive re-use of farm buildings, farm landscape change, and the creation of new value and values in the countryside. In the cases we have studied, this entrepreneurial activity is largely farmer-driven and undertaken with some, but limited, financial support from central and local government. In considering the policy implications of our work, we call for the provision of advisory services to facilitate and enable New Zealand farmers to create profitable and sustainable high-quality tourism services that simultaneously preserve farm buildings.
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Crosbie, S. F., B. M. Smallfield, H. Hawker, M. J. S. Floate, J. M. Keoghan, P. D. Enright, and R. J. Abernethy. "Exploiting the pasture capacitance probe in agricultural research: a comparison with other methods of measuring herbage mass." Journal of Agricultural Science 108, no. 1 (February 1987): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600064224.
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SummaryThe precision of the capacitance probe in detecting herbage mass differences between treatments has been assessed on a cross section of field trials in Otago-Southland, New Zealand. Used thoughtfully, the probe appears at least as good as any other alternative. Corrected meter readings from the probe may be used directly for relative ranking of treatments although calibration is desirable for interpretation purposes, and becomes essential when swards of widely differing composition are to be related. Considerable overall time savings, especially in the laboratory, are possible in comparison with other methods.
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MESHRAM, NARESH M., STUTI STUTI, and TAHSEEN RAZA HASHMI. "First record of the leafhopper genus Xenovarta Viraktamath (Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae) from India with description of a new species." Zootaxa 4532, no. 3 (December 19, 2018): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4532.3.9.
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The genus Xenovarta Viraktamath is recorded from India for the first time and Xenovarta viraktamathi sp. nov. from India is described and illustrated. Materials are deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi, India. A key to species of the genus are provided, with molecular evidence of the specimen in the form of partial mtCOI sequences.
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Wen, Yaping, Liangming Feng, and Weiping Liu. "Behavioral Ability and Division of Forestry Production of Households——Data From Fujian Province in China." E3S Web of Conferences 214 (2020): 01009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021401009.
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Division of labor can increase labor productivity. Compared with the division of agricultural production, the division of forestry production has a typical positive externality. It is more scientific to study the division of labor in forestry production. Under the “Three Powers Separated” structure, the behavioral capacity of farmers has an important influence on the division of forestry production. This paper uses the survey data of farmers in Fujian Province to analyze the farmer’s forestry production division of labor behavior from three perspectives of the behavioral ability, the transaction ability and the disposal ability. The results show that the variable of “the contracting right is more important than the management right” in the measure exclusive ability and the difficulty in obtaining transaction information on forestlands to measure the trading capacity, both positively affects farmers’ participation in the division of forestry production. Meanwhile, whether has changed the use of forestlands negatively influences the division of the forestry production. This not only enriches the research results of the forestry production division of labor theory, but also provides a new perspective for promoting the development of the forestry production division of farmers, and thus provides a new source for improving the efficiency of forestry management. It helps promote the connection between small farmers and the development of modern forestry.
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Rahayu, Yuyun Puji, Maria Magdalena Semet, and Suryna Paembang. "Reposition of GRDP Sectors Before and After Regional Division in Manokwari." JEJAK 12, no. 2 (December 9, 2019): 345–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v12i2.21289.
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Regional expansion could be a strength to improve the performance of local governments and subsequently should have a positive impact, such as improving the welfare of the local community. Regional expansion also aims to make governments at regional level to be more focused on escalating potential sectors in their regions. This study analyzes the repositioning of the GRDP contributing sector before and after expansion between two regency regions in 2010-2017, one parental Regency and one area that is separated from its parental. Repositioned sectors show the influence of an area in terms of its wealth of the resources as basis sector. The research method uses Location Quotient (LQ) and Shift Share analysis. Results of this study show that before and after expansion of districts into new regency, agricultural sector has declined in the contribution of GRDP. But after the expansion, the sectors with the best economic performance are the construction, administration and trade & repair sectors. In addition, agricultural sector to some extent has been decreased in the two regions. But at the same time, agricultural sector become leading sector in the new region with slow growth. Implication of this study is that the division of regions would not create new leading sector if the potential sector in a new region is the leading sector in the older region. Therefore, policy making which ensure basic sectors to have positive proportional shift and differential shift could drive economic development planning in both regions.
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Brower, Ann, and Alex James. "Research performance and age explain less than half of the gender pay gap in New Zealand universities." PLOS ONE 15, no. 1 (January 22, 2020): e0226392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0226392.
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