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Journal articles on the topic 'New Zealand agriculture'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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1

Bramley, R. G. V. "Cadmium in New Zealand agriculture." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 33, no. 4 (1990): 505–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1990.10428451.

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2

JOURNEAUX, PHILIP. "Trends in New Zealand Agriculture." New Zealand Journal of Geography 102, no. 1 (2008): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0028-8292.1996.tb00012.x.

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3

Gardner, Bruce L. "Liberalization in New Zealand Agriculture: Discussion." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 76, no. 5 (1994): 1053–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1243390.

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4

Kenny, G. J., W. Ye, T. Flux, and R. A. Warrick. "Climate variations and New Zealand agriculture." Environment International 27, no. 2-3 (2001): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0160-4120(01)00081-2.

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5

TIPPLES, RUPERT. "LABOUR RELATIONS IN NEW ZEALAND AGRICULTURE." Sociologia Ruralis 27, no. 1 (1987): 38–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.1987.tb00316.x.

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6

Rowarth, Jacqueline, Michael Manning, Ants Roberts, and Warren King. "New-generative agriculture – based on science, informed by research and honed by New Zealand farmers." Journal of New Zealand Grasslands 82 (January 21, 2021): 221–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/jnzg.2020.82.430.

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Highlights
 
 Regenerative agriculture is being promoted as a way to produce food sustainably while building soil carbon under high residual rotational grazing and minimising environmental impact.
 Research indicates that the environmental impact of conventional agricultural systems is generally lower than for alternative systems per unit of food production and sometimes per hectare. Soil carbon is higher under well-managed intensive grazing than under extensively managed systems. Adopting non-optimal grazing management decreases pasture quality and increases GHG and N losses.
 New Zealand has developed optimal rotational grazing and has soils with high organic-matter contents. Rather than adopting a concept developed overseas which has a fluid definition, New Zealand could promote New-generative agriculture… encapsulating what is already being done.
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7

Mannetje, Andrea ‘t. "O1A.6 The carcinogenicity of pesticides used in new zealand." Occupational and Environmental Medicine 76, Suppl 1 (2019): A4.2—A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem-2019-epi.11.

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IntroductionYearly over 3000 tonnes of pesticide active ingredients are applied in New Zealand agriculture. Since the 1980’s, epidemiological studies have reported increased risks of lymphopoietic cancers in agricultural sectors with high pesticide use. Here we aim to estimate the number and total volume of currently used pesticides in New Zealand that are known or suspected human carcinogens, in order to inform interventions.MethodsFor each of the pesticide active ingredients most commonly used in New Zealand, the carcinogenicity classification of three regulatory agencies (The New Zealand Environmental Protection Authority [NZ-EPA], the US Environmental Protection Agency [US-EPA], and the European Chemicals Agency [EU]) were extracted, as well as the classification of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Monograph Programme. Total tonnes of active ingredients that are known or suspected human carcinogens was calculated for each classification.ResultsNone of the pesticides used in New Zealand are classified as known human carcinogens by any of the three regulatory agencies or IARC. Annually New Zealand uses 148–756 tonnes of active pesticide ingredients that are classified as suspected human carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies. If also including the pesticides classified by IARC as possible or probable human carcinogens, the upper estimate doubles to 1475 tonnes, representing half of the total volume of pesticide active ingredients used in New Zealand agriculture. The percentage and volume of active ingredients classified as suspected carcinogens by the three regulatory agencies was highest for the fungicides (8%–60%; 72–540 tonnes), followed by herbicides (3%–10%; 60–200 tonnes), and insecticides (8%, 16 tonnes).ConclusionsAlthough no known human carcinogens are used as pesticides, New Zealand’s high use of pesticides that are suspected carcinogens requires a greater awareness of the presence of potential carcinogens in the agricultural sector and the development of an intervention strategy to reduce cancer risk.
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8

Hanson, Ross, Keith Armstrong, John De Ruiter, Andy Hay, and Gavin Milne. "Cereal forage breeding for New Zealand agriculture." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 12 (January 1, 2006): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.12.2006.3034.

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Cereal forages provide both arable and livestock farmers with high yields of high quality dry matter to use as either standing or conserved strategic forage supplements where deficits occur when animal feed requirements exceed pasture growth. Crop & Food Research has breeding programmes for both single and multigrazing forage oats and triticales, and both green-chop and whole-crop silage forage oats, triticales and barleys. It also has an associated cereal forage management research and tech-transfer programme to ensure cereal forages achieve their potential under New Zealand's variable soil and climatic conditions. This has led to the development of new cereal forage cultivars, an increased understanding of their dry matter and quality development, and management support packages including a cereal silage booklet and maturity predictor for whole-crop cereal silage
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9

Leslie, M., M. Aspin, and H. Clark. "Greenhouse gas emissions from New Zealand agriculture: issues, perspectives and industry response." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, no. 2 (2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07306.

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The prosperity of New Zealand (NZ) rests to a large extent on agriculture. Although our total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are unusually small for a developed nation, agricultural emissions make up almost half of the total emissions from NZ. Emissions from NZ agriculture have been rising at close to 1% a year since 1990 and by 2010, the midpoint of the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol, they are projected to be 7.2 Mt per year higher than the 1990 baseline. This excess has a potential cost of over NZ$0.5 billion. Despite the continued rise in absolute emissions, emissions intensity, the amount of GHG produced per unit of food produced, has been dropping and the emissions intensity of NZ agriculture goods compares favourably with that of other developed nations. The NZ agricultural sector has actively engaged in the search for cost-effective mitigation solutions and, in partnership with the government, has funded research through the Pastoral Greenhouse Gas Research Consortium (PGGRC). The PGGRC has been in existence since 2002 and has invested NZ$16 million in research into reducing methane and nitrous oxide emissions from pastoral agriculture. The structure of this research funding body, its objectives, achievements and future challenges are briefly outlined.
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10

Smith, Willie, and Hayden Montgomery. "Revolution or evolution? New Zealand agriculture since 1984." GeoJournal 59, no. 2 (2004): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:gejo.0000019969.38496.82.

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11

Small, Bruce, Pike Brown, and Oscar Montes de Oca Munguia. "Values, trust, and management in New Zealand agriculture." International Journal of Agricultural Sustainability 14, no. 3 (2015): 282–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14735903.2015.1111571.

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12

Moller, Henrik, Catriona J. MacLeod, Julia Haggerty, et al. "Intensification of New Zealand agriculture: Implications for biodiversity." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 51, no. 3 (2008): 253–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288230809510453.

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13

Keller, E. D., W. T. Baisden, L. Timar, B. Mullan, and A. Clark. "Grassland production under global change scenarios for New Zealand pastoral agriculture." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 5 (2014): 2359–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-7-2359-2014.

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Abstract. We adapt and integrate the Biome-BGC and Land Use in Rural New Zealand models to simulate pastoral agriculture and to make land-use change, intensification of agricultural activity and climate change scenario projections of New Zealand's pasture production at time slices centred on 2020, 2050 and 2100, with comparison to a present-day baseline. Biome-BGC model parameters are optimised for pasture production in both dairy and sheep/beef farm systems, representing a new application of the Biome-BGC model. Results show up to a 10% increase in New Zealand's national pasture production in 2020 under intensification and a 1–2% increase by 2050 from economic factors driving land-use change. Climate change scenarios using statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report also show national increases of 1–2% in 2050, with significant regional variations. Projected out to 2100, however, these scenarios are more sensitive to the type of pasture system and the severity of warming: dairy systems show an increase in production of 4% under mild change but a decline of 1% under a more extreme case, whereas sheep/beef production declines in both cases by 3 and 13%, respectively. Our results suggest that high-fertility systems such as dairying could be more resilient under future change, with dairy production increasing or only slightly declining in all of our scenarios. These are the first national-scale estimates using a model to evaluate the joint effects of climate change, CO2 fertilisation and N-cycle feedbacks on New Zealand's unique pastoral production systems that dominate the nation's agriculture and economy. Model results emphasise that CO2 fertilisation and N-cycle feedback effects are responsible for meaningful differences in agricultural systems. More broadly, we demonstrate that our model output enables analysis of decoupled land-use change scenarios: the Biome-BGC data products at a national or regional level can be re-sampled quickly and cost-effectively for specific land-use change scenarios and future projections.
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14

Stefanchuk, L. "New Zealand amidst World Crisis." World Economy and International Relations, no. 8 (2010): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2010-8-102-108.

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Small size, remoteness from the major world economies, scarce natural resources, dependence on the world market conditions, heavy foreign debts formed historically – these are the weaknesses of New Zealand. But its strengths are – productive, highly mechanized agriculture, skilled labor workforce, democratic legislation and order, lack of corruption, good investment opportunities – enable the country to overcome the ramifications of the global financial and economic crisis effectively enough.
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15

Easton, Brian. "La Nouvelle-Zélande : Vers une nouvelle insertion dans le système alimentaire mondial." Études internationales 12, no. 1 (2005): 31–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/701155ar.

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Agricultural products are the source of 75 % of 'New Zealand's export eanings. During the 1970 's, the decline in New Zealand's terms of trade (prices of exports of wool, meat and dairy products having risen more slowly than those of manufactured imports), the loss of access to the British market, the rise of protectionism (notably in the EEC of which Great Britain is a member) have posed serious adjustment problems for New Zealand agriculture. However, the "Marshallien entrepreneur" that is the New Zealand farmer, backed up by the State (which centralises control of exports and credit), has risen to the challenge : as a result, production is being diversified and this has facilitated a re-orientation of exports toward countries outside the OECD area. It is the view of the author that such a policy in conformity with the concept of free-trade, permits a more optimistic outlook for the 1980 's.
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16

Saunders, Caroline. "Sustainable Agriculture – Life beyond Subsidies: Lessons from New Zealand." Journal of Agricultural Economics 70, no. 3 (2019): 579–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12354.

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17

Le Heron, R. "New Zealand Agriculture and Changes in the Agriculture—Finance Relation during the 1980s." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 23, no. 11 (1991): 1653–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a231653.

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18

Keller, E. D., W. T. Baisden, L. Timar, B. Mullan, and A. Clark. "Grassland production under global change scenarios for New Zealand pastoral agriculture." Geoscientific Model Development Discussions 7, no. 3 (2014): 3307–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmdd-7-3307-2014.

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Abstract. We adapt and integrate the Biome-BGC and Land Use in Rural New Zealand (LURNZ) models to simulate pastoral agriculture and to make land-use change, intensification and climate change scenario projections of New Zealand's pasture production at time slices centred on 2020, 2050 and 2100, with comparison to a present-day baseline. Biome-BGC model parameters are optimised for pasture production in both dairy and sheep/beef farm systems, representing a new application of the Biome-BGC model. Results show up to a 10% increase in New Zealand's national pasture production in 2020 under intensification and a 1–2% increase by 2050 from economic factors driving land-use change. Climate change scenarios using statistically downscaled global climate models (GCMs) from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) also show national increases of 1–2% in 2050, with significant regional variations. Projected out to 2100, however, these scenarios are more sensitive to the type of pasture system and the severity of warming: dairy systems show an increase in production of 4% under mild change but a decline of 1% under a more extreme case, whereas sheep/beef production declines in both cases by 3% and 13%, respectively. Our results suggest that high-fertility systems such as dairying could be more resilient under future change, with dairy production increasing or only slightly declining in all of our scenarios. These are the first national-scale estimates using a model to evaluate the joint effects of climate change, CO2 fertilisation and N-cycle feedbacks on New Zealand's unique pastoral production systems that dominate the nation's agriculture and economy. Model results emphasize that CO2 fertilisation and N cycle feedback effects are responsible for meaningful differences in agricultural systems. More broadly, we demonstrate that our model output enables analysis of Decoupled Land-Use Change Scenarios (DLUCS): the Biome-BGC data products at a national or regional level can be re-sampled quickly and cost-effectively for specific land-use change scenarios and future projections.
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19

MEHLHORN, JOEY E., LAURIE BONNEY, NIYAN FRASER, and MORGAN P. MILES. "BENCHMARKING ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION IN U.S., AUSTRALIAN, AND NEW ZEALAND UNIVERSITY AGRICULTURE PROGRAMS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 20, no. 03 (2015): 1550017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108494671550017x.

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The present study examines the extent of entrepreneurship education in Australian, New Zealand and U.S. agricultural colleges and programs. The findings suggest that entrepreneurship is important in agriculture, which is reflected in a majority of programs having some coverage in their curriculum of entrepreneurship. In addition, the courses taught are focused on developing entrepreneurial capabilities such as opportunity recognition and assessment, risk management and networking to create value.
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20

Maindonald, J. H. "Statistical refereeing for the New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, the New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture, and the New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science." New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research 34, no. 4 (1991): 365–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1991.10417678.

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21

Stephenson, B. P., G. S. C. Gill, J. L. Randall, and J. A. Wilson. "Biosecurity approaches to surveillance and response for new plant pest species." New Zealand Plant Protection 56 (August 1, 2003): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2003.56.6023.

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There is a wide variety of organisms associated with plants and plant products A number of offshore and border measures are taken to exclude such organisms not present in New Zealand but some enter undetected Surveillance throughout New Zealand to achieve early detection and effective eradication programmes for all potential pest species is logistically not feasible and can realistically only be undertaken for targeted pests The National Plant Pest Reference Laboratory (NPPRL) conducts general surveillance activities but this usually only detects pests once they have established and dispersed in New Zealand The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry (MAF) is currently investigating the feasibility of conducting targeted surveillance to achieve eradication for significant pests other than fruit flies and sees this to be a critical area for industry involvement Exclusion remains New Zealands best defence against plant pests
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22

Tyler, Linda. "Art in the service of agriculture: John Buchanan’s nature printing of ‘The Indigenous Grasses of New Zealand’." Back Story Journal of New Zealand Art, Media & Design History, no. 1 (December 1, 2016): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.24135/backstory.vi1.10.

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To disseminate new knowledge about scientific discoveries in New Zealand in the nineteenth century, draughtsmen were employed to convey the characteristics of a specimen using techniques of lithography, occasionally assisted by photography and microscopy. The Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute was an annual publication of scientific papers presented by experts at the various provincial branches throughout the country, and was first published in Wellington in 1868 and issued in 1869.1 Until his retirement from government service in 1885, it was primarily illustrated by John Buchanan (1819-1898). This paper aims to give a broader understanding of Buchanan’s significance for both New Zealand’s science history and its art history by considering his relationship to the emergent techniques of photography and lithography. His isolated use of nature printing for the production of the three volume guide to forage plants, The Indigenous Grasses of New Zealand, is placed in the context of the nineteenth century approach to scientific illustration as evidence.
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23

Hall, M. H., S. D. Morriss, and D. Kuiper. "Privatization of Agricultural Extension in New Zealand: Implications for the Environment and Sustainable Agriculture." Journal of Sustainable Agriculture 14, no. 1 (1999): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j064v14n01_06.

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24

Froud, K. J., and M. S. Bullians. "Investigation of biosecurity risk organisms for the plant and environment domains in New Zealand for 2008 and 2009." New Zealand Plant Protection 63 (August 1, 2010): 262–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2010.63.6565.

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The Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry Biosecurity New Zealand runs several surveillance programmes to detect new or emerging risk organisms in New Zealand Reporting of these organisms is through the exotic disease and pest emergency hotline Notifications received through the hotline are screened and investigated to determine if they pose a risk to New Zealands core biosecurity values (economic environmental human health and cultural) Significant numbers of notifications are received each year Data detailing the notification and investigation of suspect risk organisms in the plants and environment domains for the last 2 years are presented and compared with previously published data The trend in notifications and the resulting outcomes of investigations are discussed
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25

Horrocks, M., S. L. Nichol, P. C. Augustinus, and I. G. Barber. "Late Quaternary environments, vegetation and agriculture in northern New Zealand." Journal of Quaternary Science 22, no. 3 (2007): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jqs.1027.

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26

Henry, Matthew, and Russell Prince. "Agriculturalizing finance? Data assemblages and derivatives markets in small-town New Zealand." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 50, no. 5 (2018): 989–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x18774047.

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The financialization of agriculture appears to be proceeding apace. In New Zealand, the creation of a futures market for dairy lends weight to this story. What is less well understood about the process of financialization in agriculture, however, is how exactly it is proceeding. This paper focuses on NZXAgri, an offshoot of the New Zealand sharemarket operator NZX, which is tasked with the creation of the dairy derivatives market, and on the data infrastructure that is being assembled to underpin this trading space. The making of NZXAgri has been a complex process, resulting from the dissipation of a previous agriculture data assemblage during neoliberalization, and now with multiple political and economic projects partially aligned under its banner. Meanwhile, the emerging data assemblage relies on all manner of material and immaterial relational work to produce the necessary dairy production information for consumption by international financial actors. It is this kind of assembling work that is shaping the financialization of agriculture, and it requires constant negotiation with the diverse agencies of farmers and their rural contexts. This suggests that we are seeing the agriculturalization of finance alongside the financialization of agriculture.
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27

Roudaki, Jamal, and Yousef Shahwan. "Corporate governance disclosures in the New Zealand agricultural companies." Corporate Board role duties and composition 13, no. 1 (2017): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cbv13i1p1.

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Livestock, agriculture, and horticulture products are essential in the New Zealand economic sustainable development. Consequently performance and governance of active companies in these areas of business are constantly monitored by the public through legislators, stock market, government agencies, and media. Practically corporate governance disclosures are providing essential information for such monitoring and analysis. This paper intention includes critically evaluate corporate governance disclosures of agriculture companies. Implementation of the content analysis methodology enables this research project to present analysis of the level of compliance with the 2004 Corporate Governance Principles and Guidelines that put forwarded by the New Zealand Stock Exchange (governance related disclosure and their non-listed counterpart as expected providing even less disclosure in this area. The financial and governance reports of these companies are suffering from deficient transparency in the area of corporate governance.
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28

Scornavacca, Eusebio. "Wireless Technologies at Agriculture ITO." Journal of Information Technology 22, no. 4 (2007): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jit.2000114.

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This teaching case portrays the issues surrounding the adoption of an emerging technology (mobile internet) by Agriculture ITO – an industry training organization in New Zealand. The widespread geographical nature of the organization creates a unique business scenario that can be of great value to instructors teaching IS management, technology adoption and mobility.
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29

Roche, M. M., T. Johnston, and R. B. Le Heron. "Farmers' Interest Groups and Agricultural Policy in New Zealand during the 1980s." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 24, no. 12 (1992): 1749–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a241749.

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During the 1980s in New Zealand the fabric of state support which had gradually expanded after World War 2 was suddenly removed. Farmers' interest groups found they were unable to influence appreciably the general direction of macroeconomic policy or to contain the influence of deregulationist policies on agriculture. A political economy approach is used to conceptualise and offer preliminary theoretical suggestions about the changing interconnections between economy and state during the present restructuring crisis, especially the need to focus on the disintegration and recomposition of political constituencies and organisations when macropolicy and sectoral frameworks are dismantled. The changing strategies of farmers' interest groups and related agricultural politics amidst an unprecedented episode of state-sector restructuring in New Zealand over the decade are discussed.
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30

Sandrey, Ron A., and Grant M. Scobie. "Changing International Competitiveness and Trade: Recent Experience in New Zealand Agriculture." American Journal of Agricultural Economics 76, no. 5 (1994): 1041–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1243388.

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31

Rosin, Christopher, and Hugh Campbell. "Beyond bifurcation: Examining the conventions of organic agriculture in New Zealand." Journal of Rural Studies 25, no. 1 (2009): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2008.05.002.

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32

Jay, Mairi. "The political economy of a productivist agriculture: New Zealand dairy discourses." Food Policy 32, no. 2 (2007): 266–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2006.09.002.

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33

Evison, David C. "Estimating annual investment returns from forestry and agriculture in New Zealand." Journal of Forest Economics 33 (December 2018): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfe.2018.06.001.

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34

Wilson, Olivia J. "Rural restructuring and agriculture-rural economy linkages: A New Zealand study." Journal of Rural Studies 11, no. 4 (1995): 417–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(95)00014-3.

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35

Walker, T. W. "The value of N-fixation to pastoral agriculture in New Zealand." NZGA: Research and Practice Series 6 (January 1, 1996): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.6.1995.3349.

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White clover in New Zealand fixes nitrogen equivalent to 4.5 million tonnes of urea annually. Experiments on the tactical use of about 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 to stimulate grass growth when clovers are less active indicate that it is generally profitable, but much heavier dressings have rarely been shown to pay at current cost/price structures. The significance of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) cannot be measured solely by dry matter yields as the quality of herbage is influenced by the contribution of clover and affects yields of animal products and health. Our dependence on BNF gives us a relatively low energycost system of pastoral farming because of the high energy cost of producing fertiliser-N and is therefore more sustainable. The heavy use of fertiliser-N suppresses clover growth and N-fixation, increases losses of ammonia and nitrous oxide to the air and nitrate in drainage water. The extra stock carried leads to greater emission of methane. Reliance on clovers may give lower production but lessens damage to the environment. Keywords: biological nitrogen fixation, energy costs, environment, fertiliser nitrogen, pastoral agriculture, sustainability
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36

Wynyard, Matthew. "Dairying, Dispossession, Devastation." Counterfutures 8 (March 11, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/cf.v8i0.6346.

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The past three-and-a-half decades of neoliberal orthodoxy in New Zealand have been marked by the rapid expansion and intensification of the New Zealand dairy industry. In the years since direct agricultural subsidies and supports were removed in the mid-1980s, the national dairy herd has more than doubled and the area given over to dairying has increased by some 750,000 hectares. This relentless drive to intensify has come at a simply enormous environmental cost: New Zealanders, present and future, are being systematically dispossessed of cherished freshwater ecosystems and endemic biodiversity. In this paper, I argue that this is but the latest episode in a long history of often-violent dispossession that has been crucial to the historical development of capitalist agriculture in New Zealand. In so doing, I draw on Marx’s theory of primitive accumulation.
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37

White, Mandala, and Annie Potts. "New Zealand Vegetarians: At Odds with Their Nation." Society & Animals 16, no. 4 (2008): 336–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853008x357667.

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AbstractThis qualitative study, conducted between August and December 2006, explored the opinions and experiences of New Zealanders who challenge orthodox attitudes to the use and consumption of nonhuman animals. To date, New Zealand (NZ) has under-investigated the perspectives of those who oppose animal farming, the eating of nonhuman animals, and the exploitation of nonhuman animals. Agriculture substantially influences the economy and cultural heritage of the nation. Given that national identity in New Zealand strongly associates with farming and meat production, this paper investigates how vegetarians living in this country experience and challenge prevalent imagery and ideas about New Zealand. In particular, the paper examines the ways in which “kiwi” vegetarians are disputing the dominant image of New Zealand as “clean and green” and a land of "animal lovers" and how they are experiencing mainstream (meat-loving) kiwi culture in their everyday lives. The paper also examines some of the more positive aspects for vegetarians of living in New Zealand.
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38

Collins, David J., and Ian D. Rae. "R. W. E. MacIvor: Late-nineteenth-century Advocate for Scientific Agriculture in South-eastern Australia." Historical Records of Australian Science 19, no. 2 (2008): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr08007.

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Ralph Waldo Emerson MacIvor, a Scottish chemist, was brought to Victoria in 1876 by the prominent landowner W. J. Clarke to lecture to farmers on scientific agriculture. MacIvor lectured frequently over the next few years, joining in agricultural politics and supporting the establishment of agricultural colleges. He also lectured in South Australia and New Zealand. His lectures were fully reported in the press and in 1879 he incorporated their content in a book, The Chemistry of Agriculture. He was one of the unsuccessful applicants for the University of Melbourne's chair of chemistry to which David Orme Masson was appointed in 1886. In 1884, MacIvor was appointed by the new Sydney Technical College to lecture in country districts on scientific agriculture, but served for less than a year. He returned to Britain where he practised in London as a consulting analytical chemist. MacIvor came with experience in original chemical research, but he was not brought to Australia to conduct research in agricultural chemistry. His role was to act as instructor and advocate for scientific agriculture.
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39

van Roon, M., and S. Knight. "Towards integrated catchment management, Whaingaroa, New Zealand." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 9 (2001): 197–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0538.

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The paper examines progress towards integrated catchment management and sustainable agriculture at Whaingaroa (Raglan), New Zealand. Application of the Canadian “Atlantic Coastal Action Program” model (ACAP) has been only partially successful within New Zealand's bicultural setting. Even before the introduction of the ACAP process there existed strong motivation and leadership by various sectors of the community. A merging of resource management planning and implementation processes of the larger community and that of the Maori community has not occurred. Research carried out by Crown Research Institutes has clearly shown the actions required to make pastoral farming more sustainable. There are difficulties in the transference to, and uptake of, these techniques by farmers. An examination of the socio-economic context is required. There has been a requirement on local government bodies to tighten their focus as part of recent reform. This has occurred concurrently with a widening of vision towards integrated and sustainable forms of management. This (as well as a clear belief in empowerment of local communities) has lead to Council reliance on voluntary labour. There is a need to account for the dynamic interaction between social and political history and the geological and biophysical history of the area. As part of a re-examination of sustainable development, New Zealand needs to reconcile the earning of the bulk of its foreign income from primary production, with the accelerating ecological deficit that it creates. A sustainability strategy is required linking consumer demand, property rights and responsibilities.
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40

Casey, M. J., A. Meikle, G. A. Kerr, and D. R. Stevens. "Social media - a disruptive opportunity for science and extension in agriculture?" NZGA: Research and Practice Series 16 (January 1, 2016): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33584/rps.16.2016.3248.

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The use of social media is increasing and provides an opportunity compared to 'traditional' media. Advances in cloud computing and smartphones have increased the ability to utilise different forms of social interaction. Are farmers and rural businesses realising this opportunity? The engagement of the agricultural community in social media was investigated using an online survey of email recipients of the New Zealand Grassland Association and Beef + Lamb New Zealand to understand their use of computing hardware and social media use. Case studies of recent social media use by Beef + Lamb New Zealand, NZ Agriseeds Ltd and a Deer Industry research uptake project are documented. Responses of 209 survey respondents identified 82% of users with two or more devices, while 100% used email regularly and approximately 95% accessed websites on a daily or weekly basis. Regular Facebook use averaged approximately 50% in the agribusiness and research communities, though this was only 30% in the farming community. Other social media platform use, such as Twitter, YouTube and Linkedin, was lower. Regular mobile apps use was highest in the agribusiness (60%) while this was lower in farming and research communities (30%). The case studies highlighted the development of new social networks using Facebook and Twitter as the underlying opportunity for future engagement in agriculture, while websites, mobile apps and YouTube have the capacity to house resources for interrogative learning and support. Resources need to be allocated to ensure the power of these platforms can be harnessed for commerce and practice change. Keywords: social media, survey, agriculture, interrogative learning, extension, adoption, social networks
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41

Wilson, M. J., G. Burch, M. Tourna, L. T. Aalders, and G. M. Barker. "The potential of a New Zealand strain of Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita for biological control of slugs." New Zealand Plant Protection 65 (January 8, 2012): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2012.65.5388.

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In New Zealand the European invasive slug Deroceras reticulatum is a pest in home gardens horticulture pastoral and arable agriculture At present there are no biological control options available in New Zealand unlike Europe where the nematode parasite Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is sold in several countries under the trade name Nemaslug This paper describes the finding of a nematode parasitising D reticulatum in New Zealand that was identified by morphological and molecular (18S rDNA sequencing) methods as P hermaphrodita The nematode was reared on slug cadavers and shown to infect and kill fieldcollected D reticulatum In mesocosm experiments with clover the New Zealand P hermaphrodita applied at the recommended commercial rate substantially increased plant density even under high slug pressure
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42

Horrocks, M., P. A. Shane, I. G. Barber, D. M. D'Costa, and S. L. Nichol. "Microbotanical remains reveal Polynesian agriculture and mixed cropping in early New Zealand." Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 131, no. 3-4 (2004): 147–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.revpalbo.2004.03.003.

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43

Coombes, Brad, and Hugh Campbell. "Dependent Reproduction of Alternative Modes of Agriculture: Organic Farming in New Zealand." Sociologia Ruralis 38, no. 2 (1998): 127–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9523.00068.

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44

Skallerud, Kåre, and Svein Ottar Olsen. "Export Marketing Arrangements in Four New Zealand Agriculture Industries: An Institutional Perspective." Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing 23, no. 4 (2011): 310–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08974438.2011.621841.

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45

Stirling, GR, JM Stanton, and JW Marshall. "The Importance of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes to Australian and New Zealand Agriculture." Australasian Plant Pathology 21, no. 3 (1992): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/app9920104.

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46

Kearns, Michael P. "After nuclear war: Impacts upon New Zealand Agriculture and Wildlife — A reply." New Zealand Veterinary Journal 35, no. 3 (1987): 37–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00480169.1987.35374.

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47

Fernandez, Mario Andres, and Adam Daigneault. "Erosion mitigation in the Waikato District, New Zealand: economic implications for agriculture." Agricultural Economics 48, no. 3 (2016): 341–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/agec.12338.

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48

de Klein, Cecile A. M., and Stewart F. Ledgard. "Nitrous Oxide Emissions from New Zealand Agriculture – key Sources and Mitigation Strategies." Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 72, no. 1 (2005): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10705-004-7357-z.

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49

Kenny, Gavin. "Adaptation in agriculture: lessons for resilience from eastern regions of New Zealand." Climatic Change 106, no. 3 (2011): 441–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-010-9948-9.

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50

Kułyk, Piotr, and Łukasz Augustowski. "Globalna konwergencja czy globalna dywergencja mechanizmów wsparcia rolnictwa?" Roczniki Naukowe Ekonomii Rolnictwa i Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich 104, no. 3 (2017): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/rnr.2017.104.3.20.

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This paper presents the problems of changes in financial support for agriculture estimated through the PSE indicator and their possible convergence. The analysis was carried out using sigma and beta convergence absolute between 1986 and 2015. Australia, Canada, Japan, South Korea, New Zealand, Turkey, the USA and the European Union included the regions analyzed. The aim of the article was to confirm or deny the existence of convergence of support for agriculture on a global scale. The study did not confirm the hypothesis of the co­nvergence of agricultural support. These conclusions coincide with previous investigations for OECD countries
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