Relevant bibliographies by topics / Newborn infants Fertility, Human Fertility, Human

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Academic literature on the topic 'Newborn infants Fertility, Human Fertility, Human'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 9 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Newborn infants Fertility, Human Fertility, Human"

1

Sauer, P. J. J., M. Huisman, C. Koopman-Esseboom, D. C. Morse, A. E. Smits-van Prooije, K. J. van de Berg, L. G. M. Th Tuinstra, et al. "Effects of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) and Dioxins on Growth and Development." Human & Experimental Toxicology 13, no. 12 (December 1994): 900–906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719401301213.

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins are potentially toxic compounds which occur widely in the environment. Their effects on the growth and development of infants at the levels currently found in highly industrialised western countries is not well known. This Dutch multicenter study, combining animal and human studies, tries to answer this question. Animal studies showed that PCB 169, given once during pregnancy at a dose of 1.8 g kg-1 bodyweight, has an effect on developmental parameters, dopamine regulation and fertility. Effects on thyroid hormones were also found in animals, probably due to both a competitive binding of PCB metabolites to the thyroxine binding protein and increased glucuronidation, Perhaps to compensate for this, an increased diodase activity in the brain was found. Human studies involved 400 mother-infant pairs, half of them being breast-fed, the other half were fed a formula devoid of PCBs and dioxins. PCB levels were measured in serum and dioxin and PCB levels in breastmilk. Levels were found to be as high as previously found in highly industrialised countries. Growth and development were carefully documented, but no data are as yet available. In pregnant women, a significant negative correlation was found between some dioxin and PCB congeners in milk and plasma thyroid hormones, while newborn infants showed higher thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) at higher levels of dioxin exposure. In summary, data from this combined multicenter study involving animals and humans increases our insight into the potentially negative effects of PCBs and dioxins on growth and development.
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Ágh, Tamás, Katalin Gáspár, Balázs Nagy, Matthieu Lehmann, and Zoltán Kaló. "The value of a child born in the European Union." Acta Oeconomica 68, no. 2 (June 2018): 295–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/032.2018.68.2.6.

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The objective of this study is to quantify the value of a child born in 27 EU countries and Switzerland. The Human Capital (HC) approach was used to estimate the social benefit arising from an additional childbirth. The value of a newborn child was calculated by summing up the discounted value of all expected future gross earnings of the individual, including an imputed value for household production. The estimation takes into account life expectancy and the probability of being employed or in household production by age-groups. Input data was obtained from Eurostat and the Human Mortality Database. In 2012, the purchasing power parity adjusted present value (PV) of a newborn child was EUR 108.4 thousand in Bulgaria and EUR 803.6 thousand in Denmark. By applying the actual exchange rates, the difference between the lowest value (EUR 48.8 thousand in Bulgaria) and the highest value (EUR 1.1 million in Switzerland) was increased. The PV was highly sensitive to the discount rate. The fertility interventions are expected to gain popularities among other health priorities as a tool to counter generation ageing. However, in order to enhance fertility among other health priorities, policy-makers must take into account the full social value based on the local estimates.
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Marques-Pinto, André, and Davide Carvalho. "Human infertility: are endocrine disruptors to blame?" Endocrine Connections 2, no. 3 (September 2013): R15—R29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-13-0036.

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Over recent decades, epidemiological studies have been reporting worrisome trends in the incidence of human infertility rates. Extensive detection of industrial chemicals in human serum, seminal plasma and follicular fluid has led the scientific community to hypothesise that these compounds may disrupt hormonal homoeostasis, leading to a vast array of physiological impairments. Numerous synthetic and natural substances have endocrine-disruptive effects, acting through several mechanisms. The main route of exposure to these chemicals is the ingestion of contaminated food and water. They may disturb intrauterine development, resulting in irreversible effects and may also induce transgenerational effects. This review aims to summarise the major scientific developments on the topic of human infertility associated with exposure to endocrine disruptors (EDs), integrating epidemiological and experimental evidence. Current data suggest that environmental levels of EDs may affect the development and functioning of the reproductive system in both sexes, particularly in foetuses, causing developmental and reproductive disorders, including infertility. EDs may be blamed for the rising incidence of human reproductive disorders. This constitutes a serious public health issue that should not be overlooked. The exposure of pregnant women and infants to EDs is of great concern. Therefore, precautionary avoidance of exposure to EDs is a prudent attitude in order to protect humans and wildlife from permanent harmful effects on fertility.
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Lassek, William D., and Steven J. C. Gaulin. "Do the Low WHRs and BMIs Judged Most Attractive Indicate Higher Fertility?" Evolutionary Psychology 16, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 147470491880006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1474704918800063.

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We examine the widely accepted view that very low waist–hip ratios and low body mass indices (BMIs) in women in well-nourished populations are judged attractive by men because these features reliably indicate superior fertility. In both subsistence and well-nourished populations, relevant studies of fertility do not support this view. Rather studies indicate lower fertility in women with anthropometric values associated with high attractiveness. Moreover, low maternal BMI predisposes to conditions that compromise infant survival. Consistent with these findings from the literature, new data from a large U.S. sample of women past reproductive age show that women with lower BMIs in the late teens had fewer live births, controlling for education, marital history, and race. They also had later menarche and earlier menopause compared with women with higher youth BMIs. In addition, data from the 2013 U.S. natality database show that mothers with lower prepregnancy BMIs have an increased risk of producing both low-birth-weight and preterm infants controlling for other relevant variables—conditions that would have adversely affected fitness over almost all of human evolution. Thus, a review of the relevant literature and three new tests fail to support the view that highly attractive women are more fertile.
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Schlatt, S. "022.Spermatogonial stem cells: from basic research to clinical applications." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 16, no. 9 (2004): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb04abs022.

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The testis contains undifferentiated spermatogonia and is therefore the only adult organ populated with proliferating germline cells. Whereas the biology of these cells is quite well understood in rodents, their modes of mitotic expansion and differentiation are poorly understood in primates. The existence of these cells offers clinically relevant options for preservation and restoration of male fertility. New approaches based on male germ cell transplantation and testicular tissue grafting can be applied to generate a limited number of sperm and could therefore be considered as important new avenues applicable to a variety of disciplines like animal conservation, genetic germline modification or restoration of fertility in oncological patients. In principle, germ cell transplantation presents a removal of the stem cell from the donor's niche and a transfer into the niche of a recipient. Grafting can be considered as a transplantation of the stem cell in conjunction with its niche. Germ cell transplantation of human spermatogonia into mouse testes revealed that the stem cells survive and expand but are not able to differentiate and complete spermatogenesis. We have developed an approach to infuse germ cells into monkey and human testes and showed that germ cell transplantation is feasible as an autologous approach in primates. Furthermore, we applied germ cell transplantation in the monkey model mimicking a gonadal protection strategy for oncological patients. Ectopic xenografting of testicular tissue was applied to generate fertile sperm from a variety of species. Newborn testicular tissue was grafted into the back skin of immunodeficient mice and developed up to qualitatively complete spermatogenesis. The rapid progress in the development of novel experimental strategies to generate sperm from cryopreserved spermatogonial stem cells or immature testicular tissue will lead to many new options for germline manipulation and fertility preservation.
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Kim, Peter S., James E. Coxworth, and Kristen Hawkes. "Increased longevity evolves from grandmothering." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279, no. 1749 (October 24, 2012): 4880–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2012.1751.

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Postmenopausal longevity may have evolved in our lineage when ancestral grandmothers subsidized their daughters' fertility by provisioning grandchildren, but the verbal hypothesis has lacked mathematical support until now. Here, we present a formal simulation in which life spans similar to those of modern chimpanzees lengthen into the modern human range as a consequence of grandmother effects. Greater longevity raises the chance of living through the fertile years but is opposed by costs that differ for the sexes. Our grandmother assumptions are restrictive. Only females who are no longer fertile themselves are eligible, and female fertility extends to age 45 years. Initially, there are very few eligible grandmothers and effects are small. Grandmothers can support only one dependent at a time and do not care selectively for their daughters' offspring. They must take the oldest juveniles still relying on mothers; and infants under the age of 2 years are never eligible for subsidy. Our model includes no assumptions about brains, learning or pair bonds. Grandmother effects alone are sufficient to propel the doubling of life spans in less than sixty thousand years.
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Hunt, P. "040. ARE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURES AFFECTING HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH?" Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 9 (2010): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb10abs040.

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The concern that human reproductive health may be affected by chemicals in our daily environment has grown in recent years with the recognition that: (1) some countries have seen a recognizable decline in sperm counts and an increase in urogenital tract abnormalities among newborn males, (2) the incidence of some cancers has increased precipitously, and (3) the number of infertile couples has increased markedly in many countries. Our laboratory focuses on the oocyte and the factors that cause the production of chromosomally abnormal eggs. We know that the risk of a chromosomally abnormal pregnancy is strongly influenced by maternal age, but there is growing concern that environmental exposures may influence the ability of both the male and female to produce normal gametes. Our laboratory has focused on the effect of exposures to a ubiquitous chemical to which humans are exposed daily, bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is used in a wide variety of consumer products from plastics and resin coatings to eyeglasses and pressure printed receipts. Our studies in mice demonstrate that BPA exposure during fetal development adversely affects female fertility because BPA influences several significant stages of egg development. In the male mouse, we and others have found that prenatal, perinatal, and adult exposures can affect the function of the testis. In current studies we are attempting to determine if effects seen in the mouse are also a feature of BPA exposed primates. We are using a rhesus monkey model to determine how BPA is metabolized in the pregnant and nonpregnant female and how BPA exposure influences the developing fetus. Lastly, in human studies we are evaluating BPA levels in the developing fetus and assessing their effect on the developing fetal ovary.
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8

Alabi, Oluwatobi Joseph. "Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Yoruba Socio-Cultural Context of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria." F1000Research 9 (February 8, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.20999.3.

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Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the Yoruba socio-cultural context in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that questions the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses by analysing the narratives of participants how surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: 15 stakeholders (traditional birth attendants and gynaecologists) were engaged in an in-depth interview to unravel the challenges surrogacy might or is encountering within the socio-cultural context of Ado-Ekiti. Results: There are various social, cultural and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of the Yoruba socio-cultural group, which has grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive within the study location. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproduction within this cultural context become receptive to medical reproductive solutions and innovations if at all the processes are to thrive or at least become less stigmatised. Conclusions: The process of surrogacy is very complex and people’s attitude towards the practice is greatly influenced by their culture, religion and social belief systems about what is considered appropriate for procreation. Also, it is important to have clear-cut policy regulating surrogacy and all forms of ARTs in Nigeria, as this will protect women and infants, as well as, ensure that they are not to exposed abuse, commercialization and exploitation.
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Alabi, Oluwatobi Joseph. "Perceptions of Surrogacy Within the Socio-Cultural Context of Nigeria." F1000Research 9 (September 24, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.20999.2.

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Background: Surrogacy might be a reproductive process that brings joy and fulfilment to many, but it also brings with it numerous ethical and legal concerns; it raises questions about the fundamental human rights, welfare and wellbeing of women and infants, especially within a context where it is barely regulated. This article examines the perception of surrogacy within the socio-cultural context of Nigeria. It brings to the fore various socio-cultural concerns that question the influence of surrogacy as a reproductive process on womanhood, motherhood and parenthood. It discusses, by analysing the narratives of the participants, how the surrogacy process is a dereliction of the sacredness and cultural sanctity of the family system, most especially in an African context. Methods: Fifteen (15) stakeholders (traditional birth attendants, medical gynaecologists and legal professionals within the social, medico-legal framework of reproductive health) in Nigeria were engaged in in-depth interviews to unravel the challenges which surrogacy might be facing or encountering as an ART in Nigeria. Results: There are various social, traditional, cultural, and religious beliefs that police the reproductive sphere of Nigeria, which have grave implications on fertility treatment. These socio-cultural and religious factors do not provide a fertile ground for surrogacy to thrive in Nigeria. Hence, it is important that the socio-cultural framing of reproducing in Nigeria become receptive to modern medical reproductive alternatives and innovations. Conclusions: For surrogacy to permeate the reproductive terrain of the country there is a need to jettison several socio-cultural and religious sentimental beliefs policing reproduction in Nigeria.
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Simakhodsky, Anatoly S., Yulia V. Gorelik, Konstantin D. Gorelik, Sergey L. Ivanov, and Yulia V. Lukashova. "Mortality of Children Born on Early Gestational Age: is it the Impassable Barrier or the Reserve for Reducing the Infants Mortality?" Current Pediatrics 19, no. 5 (December 24, 2020): 340–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15690/vsp.v19i5.2209.

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The problem of premature infants is well recognized in Russia and all over the world. The article discusses the mortality level and structure of extremely premature infant during 2015–2019. The aim of the study was to identify significant cause-effect relations for high mortality of premature infants and infants with extremely low body weight (ELBW) according to reports from obstetric departments, pediatric outpatient clinics, children's hospitals, statistical agencies, queries results from Territorial Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund (TCMIF) in Saint Petersburg and Russian Association of Human Reproduction (RAHR). The main demographic indices are presented by the Petrostat association. Russian Federal State Statistics Service (Rosstat) forms provided by the Center for Analysis and Prediction of Maternal and Child Health of the Saint Petersburg Health care Committee (No. 32 “Information on medical care for pregnant women, women in labour and new mothers” (approved by order of Rosstat No. 591 of 27.11.2015); No. 19 “Information on children with disabilities” registered in children's clinics (approved by order of Rosstat No. 866 of 27.12.2016); No. 14 “Information on the activities of medical facilities units providing inpatient medical care” (approved by order of Rosstat No. 723 of 05.12.2014); No. 30 “Information on the medical facility” (approved by order of Rosstat No. 483 of 03.08.2018 “On the approval of statistical tools for the organization of federal statistical observation in the field of healthcare by the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation”) presented by Saint Petersburg Medical Informational and Analytical Center (MIAC)), and answers from TCMIF in Saint Petersburg and RARCH have been investigated. The authors have analyzed the fertility and mortality rates of premature infants, the group of children with ELBW has been established. High mortality levels have been revealed in the first weeks of life (22–23), they were mainly associated with infectious processes. The authors associate the premature delivery increase with the widespread implementation of assisted reproductive technology (ART). ART can be performed either via compulsory medical insurance funds, or other non-government sources. The assumption was proposed that there are possible violations of ART indications, contraindications, and the number of procedures. The ART efficacy is difficult to estimate as well due to insufficient information provided by Rosstat report form No. 32. The need of implementation of the new statistical form that will cover the data on the of ART administration, the possibility of efficacy estimation of modern invasive methods for infertility treatment and mandatory submission of reports about the use of these methods by medical facilities is discussed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Newborn infants Fertility, Human Fertility, Human"

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González, Ramírez Raúl S. Hummer Robert A. "Risk factors associated with compromised birth outcomes among Mexican origin population in El Paso, Texas a postpartum hospital study /." 2005. http://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/1556/gonzalezramirezr09693.pdf.

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González, Ramírez Raúl S. "Risk factors associated with compromised birth outcomes among Mexican origin population in El Paso, Texas: a postpartum hospital study." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1556.

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Plaatjie, Bulelwa. "The impact of HIV and AIDS on planned parenthood in the area of Mthatha." Diss., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3092.

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Books on the topic "Newborn infants Fertility, Human Fertility, Human"

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Riley, Merilyn. Births in Victoria 1999-2000. Melbourne, Vic: Perinatal Data Collection Unit, Public Health, Dept. of Human Services, 2001.

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Stevenson, Alexa. Half baked: The story of my nerves, my newborn and how we both learned to breathe. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press, 2010.

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Taucher, Erica. Effects of decreasing fertility on infant mortality levels. Ottawa: International Development Research Centre, 1989.

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Beltrão, Kaizô Iwakami. Os efeitos das mudanças de nível e estrutura da fecundidade na mortalidade infantil: Brasil, 1986. [Brazil]: Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, Escola Nacional de Ciências Estatísticas, 1993.

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Estatística, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e. Censo demográfico 2000: Características da população e dos domicílios : resultados do universo. Rio de Janeiro: Ministério de Planejamento, Orçamento e Gestão, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia Estatística - IBGE, 2001.

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Infant and child mortality and fertility: Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, and Jamaica. Voorburg, Netherlands: International Statistical Institute, 1985.

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Souza, Guaraci Adeodato Alves de. Mudanças nos padrões de fecundidade e mortalidade na infância na Bahia: 1940-1997. Salvador: Superintendência de Estudos Econômicos e Sociais da Bahia, 2001.

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Dehejia, Rajeev H. The timing of births: Is the health of infants counter-cyclical? Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2003.

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Centro de Estudios de Población y Desarrollo Social (Ecuador). Dirección de Planificación y Desarrollo. ENDEMAIN-99: Informe preliminar. Quito, Ecuador: Centro de Estudios de Población y Desarrollo Social, Dirección de Planificación y Desarrollo, 2000.

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Centro de Estudios de Población y Desarrollo Social (Ecuador). Encuesta demográfica y de salud materna e infantil: ENDEMAIN III. Quito: Centro de Estudios de Población y Desarrollo Social, Ecuador, 2000.

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