Academic literature on the topic 'NFC validation'
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Journal articles on the topic "NFC validation"
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Eldefrawy, Mohamed Hamdy, and Muhammad Khurram Khan. "Banknote Validation through an Embedded RFID Chip and an NFC-Enabled Smartphone." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/264514.
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With the new, state-of-the-art printing devices and equipment, there has been rapid growth in the counterfeiting of banknotes. Traditional security features on banknotes are easy targets for counterfeiters, and they can easily imitate the original banknotes with fake ones. Conventional methods for validating currency require specialized devices for the authentication of banknotes. However, cost and lack of mobility of sophisticated banknote validation devices are big problems for general consumers. Modern digital solutions are attempting to complement the traditional security features through embedding radio frequency identification (RFID) chips in the banknotes, for example, Euro currency. Unfortunately, the requirement of specialized RFID readers for banknote validation impedes their widespread proliferation among consumers. To overcome this problem, a new method of banknote validation using an RFID chip and an NFC-enabled smartphone is presented. The consumer sends a banknote validation request to the Monetary Agency (MA) using her or his smartphone and an Internet connection. TheMAreplies by sending a random challenge to the consumer’s smartphone. The RFID chip in the banknote receives the challenge, via the NFC, and calculates an equivalent response to theMA’s challenge. If any of the messages are incorrect, authentication is denied. By the proposed method, consumers can easily and instantly check the originality of currency notes with theMAusing their smartphones and an Internet connection. The proposed system is less expensive, computationally, than regular methods and preserves the privacy of people who carry banknotes.
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Zadorozhnyi, Zenovii-Mykhaylo, Volodymyr Muravskyi, Mariya Shesternyak, and Anna Hrytsyshyn. "Innovative NFC-validation system for accounting of income and expenses of public transport enterprises." Marketing and Management of Innovations 1, no. 1 (2022): 84–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-06.
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To control pricing in passenger transportation, monitor the functioning of urban transport networks, reduce direct contacts during the COVID-19 pandemic, it is advisable to implement a system of NFC validation of fares. NFC (Near-Field Communication) technology provides primary information on public transport and travel fares. The article aims to improve the method of application of the technology of automated NFC-validation of fares in urban passenger transport to account for and control provided transport services. The tasks include research of mechanisms of the automated identification and counting of quantity of the transported passengers to account incomes of the motor transport enterprises; selection of calculation units for automated determination of the cost of provided transport services; development of control methods of drivers work, the operation of vehicles, transportation of privileged categories of citizens, pricing, etc. Theoretical and methodological aspects of NFC-validation technologies for public transport fares for accounting purposes have been studied based on general research methods – institutional and innovative; economic and mathematical methods of analysis and polynomial trend using Excel spreadsheets were used to predict the pace of implementation of NFC-devices; methods of bibliographic and comparative analysis using the information resource «ResearchGate»– to determine promising areas for new technologies in the provision of transport and passenger services. It is proved that the most effective unit of cost calculation of transport services is «passenger-kilometer», which corresponds to the peculiarities of the functioning of urban passenger transport, as it takes into account the number of passengers and distance of travel. The procedure for distribution of income from the sale of electronic tickets and budget subsidies between carriers based on information on the total number (including privileged categories) of transported passengers has been developed. The method of automated cost accounting by the «passenger-kilometer» meter for fuels and lubricants, staff salaries, depreciation of vehicles, and its current repairs, which define the cost of transport services, is improved. Implementing NFC fare validation technology will facilitate automated accounting of costs, revenues, and cash receipts from transport services, the introduction of effective control over the work of drivers, vehicles, concessional transportation, pricing, timeliness, and reliability taxes on urban transport.
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Bao, Xian Yu, Jian Zhong Zhong, Qian Feng, and Yun Guo. "Efficient Electronic Seal System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 610 (August 2014): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.610.221.
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This paper proposed an efficient electronic seal system based on Near Field Communication (NFC), which utilized by NFC mobile phone, RSA encryption, authentication and anti-counterfeiting validation. The system has the advantages of high security and low cost. In addition, the whole process of logistics could be supervised without special equipment. These lay a solid foundation for “release through” supervision of agricultural products supplied to Hong Kong.
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Garaiman, A., F. Nooralahzadeh, C. Mihai, et al. "POS0892 IDENTIFICATION OF DEFINED MICROANGIOPATHIC CHANGES IN NAILFOLD CAPILLAROSCOPY IMAGES OF PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS USING A VISION TRANSFORMER MODEL – A MONOCENTRIC IMPLEMENTATION AND VALIDATION COHORT STUDY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (2022): 743.1–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.3287.
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BackgroundAn accurate assessment of nailfold capillaroscopy (NFC) images has great importance in the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic sclerosis (SSc). To overcome some of the inherent problems with NFC image analysis (operator/observer bias, time requirements), there is an interest to automate and standardize NFC image assessment using computer vision algorithms, such as the Vision Transformer (ViT), which are based on recent advances in deep learning.ObjectivesOur aims were (1) to implement and assess the performance and the reliability of ViT in detecting changes on NFC images, and (2) to compare the performance of ViT to that of practicing rheumatologists.MethodsFor this study, we used NFC images of patients with SSc enrolled in our European Scleroderma Trials and Research group (EUSTAR) and Very Early Diagnosis of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS) local registries. Concretely, we included routine NFC images (all NFC images available – digit II to V of both hands-, irrespective of any image artefacts) of patients aged ≥ 18 years with visits between 2012 and 2021, who fulfilled either the 2013 American College of Rheumatology / European League Against Rheumatism classification criteria for SSc (established disease) or the preliminary criteria for VEDOSS (mild/early disease).ViT was trained to identify the following NFC signs of microangiopathy: enlarged capillaries (apex diameter of the capillary > 20 µm, and < 50µm), giant capillaries (> 50 µm), loss of capillaries (< 7 capillaries/mm), and microhaemorrhages. Absence of any of these signs was considered as being a “normal NFC”, while presence of any of these signs was seen as an abnormal NFC image. Its performance was evaluated in a cross-fold (k = 5) validation setting, and the gold standard was the treating physician. Area under the ROC curve (AUC) was used as indicator of the performance. Considered cut-offs for AUC were 90-100% - excellent, 80-89.9% - good, 70-79.9% - fair, 60-69.9% - poor, 50-59.9% - fail. From the first cross-fold, a randomly sampled reliability set was created which was used to compare the NFC assessment performance of four rheumatologists (three invited and trained annotators and the treating physician) with that of of ViT.ResultsWe analysed 17,126 NFC images of 234 EUSTAR patients (14.6% males, 67.8% limited cutaneous SSc, median age 57 years, median disease duration 9 years) and 55 VEDOSS patients (92.7% females, median age 44 years, median time elapsed since first Raynaud’s phenomenon 5 years). ViT had fair to excellent performance in identifying the different NFC changes across all five folds (of 3443 NFC images each), with an area under the ROC curve ranging from 78.59% to 90.4% (Figure 1a).Figure 1.Performance of the ViT: (a) AUCs values for ViT in diagnosing the respective feature on NFC image. (b) Sensitivity / specificity trade-off across the images in the reliability set. The blue lines show the ROC curves corresponding to the ViT predictions, with ViT’s AUC, “optimal” sensitivity and specificity shown in the box. Also shown are the point performances of each of the four annotators, with performances below the blue line indicating lower performance than ViT.In the reliability set (see Figure 1b), we observed highest performance for diagnosing giant capillaries (AUC =92.89%) followed by identification of enlarged capillaries (AUC = 91.7%). Good AUCs were seen in depicting capillary loss (AUC = 87.3%), microhemorrhages (AUC = 85.9%) and the abnormal/normal NFC classification (AUC = 84.7%). The rheumatologists had generally higher performance in assessing NFC images. However, ViT outperformed two rheumatologists with different experience in classifying capillary loss and enlarged capillaries, respectively.ConclusionViT is a modern, well performing and readily available AI model to assess signs of microangiopathy on NFC images acquired during routine practice.Disclosure of InterestsAlexandru Garaiman: None declared, Farhad Nooralahzadeh: None declared, Carina Mihai Speakers bureau: MEDtalks Switzerland, Mepha, Nikitas Gkikopoulos: None declared, Nicolas Perez Gonzalez: None declared, Mike O. Becker Speakers bureau: Mepha, MSD, Novartis, GSK, Bayer and Vifor, Oliver Distler Speakers bureau: Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Medscape, Novartis, Roche, Pfizer, Roche, Sanofi, Consultant of: Abbvie, Acceleron, Alcimed, Amgen, AnaMar, Arxx, AstraZeneca, Baecon, Blade, Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, ChemomAb, Corbus, CSL Behring, Galapagos, Glenmark, GSK, Horizon, Inventiva, iQvia, Kymera, Lupin, Medac, Medscape, Miltenyi Biotec, Mitsubishi Tanabe, MSD, Prometheus Biosences, Roche, Roivant, Topadur and UBC, Lilly, Pfizer, Grant/research support from: Kymera, Mitsubishi Tanabe, Michael Krauthammer Speakers bureau: Oncobit, Britta Maurer Speakers bureau: Boehringer-Ingelheim, Medtalk, Pfizer, Roche, Actelion, Mepha, and MSD, Consultant of: Novartis, Boehringer Ingelheim, Janssen-Cilag, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Protagen, Novartis Biomedical Research
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Brumercikova, Eva, and Bibiana Bukova. "Proposals for Using the NFC Technology in Regional Passenger Transport in the Slovak Republic." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (2020): 238–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0005.
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AbstractNFC (Near Field Communication) devices are used in contactless payment systems, similar to those used in credit cards and electronic ticket smart cards, and they allow a mobile payment to replace or supplement these systems. The trend of increasing the quality of transport services also includes the use of progressive information technologies. The article focuses on the use of NFC technology in regional passenger transport. In the first proposal, the implementation of NFC technology in the form of an electronic wallet in a regional contactless chip card is being considered. In the second proposal we deal with the implementation of NFC technology in regional passenger transport using mobile phones with an active NFC chip. The proposals use Check-In/Check-Out validation, where validators are placed in vehicles. In both proposals it would be possible to create a link to EMV (Europay/MasterCard/VISA) technology, and thus to provide a linking of a contactless smart card, possibly a mobile phone to the passenger’s personal account.
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Georgiou, Yiannis, and Eleni A. Kyza. "Translation, Adaptation, and Validation of the Need for Cognition Scale–Short Form in the Greek Language for Secondary School Students." Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment 36, no. 5 (2017): 523–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734282916686005.
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The purpose of the present study was to adapt and validate the Need for Cognition Scale–Short Form (NfC-SF) in the Greek language. A multistep process was followed, including (a) the translation and adaptation of the questionnaire, (b) a reliability analysis of the instrument’s items in combination with an exploratory factor analysis with 177 secondary school students, and (c) a confirmatory factor analysis for defining the underlying structure of the scale, using a sample of 532 secondary school students. The statistical analyses validated a 14-item version of the NfC-SF for measuring the cognitive motivation of secondary school, Greek-speaking students. The present study also extends previous research about the underlying structure of the NfC by suggesting that method effects should be considered in measurement models for improving scale validity.
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Arfaoui, Ghada, Jean-François Lalande, Jacques Traoré, Nicolas Desmoulins, Pascal Berthomé, and Saïd Gharout. "A Practical Set-Membership Proof for Privacy-Preserving NFC Mobile Ticketing." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2015, no. 2 (2015): 25–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2015-0019.
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Abstract To ensure the privacy of users in transport systems, researchers are working on new protocols providing the best security guarantees while respecting functional requirements of transport operators. In this paper1, we design a secure NFC m-ticketing protocol for public transport that preserves users’ anonymity and prevents transport operators from tracing their customers’ trips. To this end, we introduce a new practical set-membership proof that does not require provers nor verifiers (but in a specific scenario for verifiers) to perform pairing computations. It is therefore particularly suitable for our (ticketing) setting where provers hold SIM/UICC cards that do not support such costly computations. We also propose several optimizations of Boneh-Boyen type signature schemes, which are of independent interest, increasing their performance and efficiency during NFC transactions. Our m-ticketing protocol offers greater flexibility compared to previous solutions as it enables the post-payment and the off-line validation of m-tickets. By implementing a prototype using a standard NFC SIM card, we show that it fulfils the stringent functional requirement imposed by transport operators whilst using strong security parameters. In particular, a validation can be completed in 184.25ms when the mobile is switched on, and in 266.52ms when the mobile is switched off or its battery is flat.
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Gil-Castell, O., M. H. Wolf, J. Cea, J. C. Carrasco, M. Giacinti Baschetti, and A. Ribes-Greus. "Structure–Properties Relationship of Reprocessed Bionanocomposites of Plasticized Polylactide Reinforced with Nanofibrillated Cellulose." Applied Sciences 12, no. 24 (2022): 12821. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app122412821.
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Bionanocomposites of polylactide (PLA), plasticized with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (7.5 wt%, 400 and 1500 g/mol) and reinforced with nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) (1, 3, and 5 wt%) were sequentially compounded, and injection and compression molded. All of the stages caused structural and morphological consequences, more relevant in the plasticized PLA, especially with low molar PEG. Small percentages of NFC (1 and 3 wt%) acted as crystalline nucleating agents and improved thermo-oxidative stability. Given the substantial degradation caused by (re)processing, a downgrading validation strategy was applied, assessing the mechanical and water contact performance during fictional first and second service life applications. After the first processing, PEG increased the ductility and reduced the strength and elastic modulus, while NFC buffered the fall in stiffness and increased rigidity compared to their PLA-PEG counterparts. Once reprocessed, PEG increased the water affinity of the blend, especially for low molar mass PEG. Low percentages of NFC (1 and 3 wt%) modulated water diffusivity and permeability, regardless of the water temperature. Overall, although reprocessing caused significant degradation, the mechanical valorization possibilities of these green bionanocomposites were proven, and are pointed out as sustainable candidates for food packaging or agricultural applications where modulated mechanical or water contact behaviors are required.
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Renardi, Mikhael Bagus, Noor Cholis Basjaruddin, Supriyadi Supriyadi, and Kuspriyanto Kuspriyanto. "Airline ticket reservation using NFC-based single identity." Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science 13, no. 1 (2019): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v13.i1.pp384-391.
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Airline ticket reservations can be completed via ticket counters or online. To reduce passenger data redundancy, Single Identity (SI) may be required to input passenger data. In Indonesia, SI is utilised in identity cards using Near Field Communication (NFC), called electronic <em>Kartu Tanda Penduduk</em> (e-KTP). However, the use of e-KTP is not optimal yet because it is still used in the same way as the conventional one. Data input using SI can be done by tapping the e-KTP on a NFC-enabled machine, and the user is required to select the passengers’ names. The process of data input may be simplified, resulting in a higher transaction speed. This research result demonstrated that there was a slight difference of the time required between the two methods for ticket reservations. The time efficiency using SI through ticket counters was 48%, while the online reservation using SI was 45%. Further research may implement the validation methods, such as using PIN or fingerprint.
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J., Prasanna, M. S. P. Subathra, Mazin Abed Mohammed, et al. "Detection of Focal and Non-Focal Electroencephalogram Signals Using Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform and Artificial Neural Network." Sensors 20, no. 17 (2020): 4952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20174952.
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The discrimination of non-focal class (NFC) and focal class (FC), is vital in localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ) during neurosurgery. In the conventional diagnosis method, the neurologist has to visually examine the long hour electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, which consumes time and is prone to error. Hence, in this present work, automated diagnosis of FC EEG signals from NFC EEG signals is developed using the Fast Walsh–Hadamard Transform (FWHT) method, entropies, and artificial neural network (ANN). The FWHT analyzes the EEG signals in the frequency domain and decomposes it into the Hadamard coefficients. Five different nonlinear features, namely approximate entropy (ApEn), log-energy entropy (LogEn), fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), sample entropy (SampEn), and permutation entropy (PermEn) are extracted from the decomposed Hadamard coefficients. The extracted features detail the nonlinearity in the NFC and the FC EEG signals. The judicious entropy features are supplied to the ANN classifier, with a 10-fold cross-validation method to classify the NFC and FC classes. Two publicly available datasets such as the University of Bonn and Bern-Barcelona dataset are used to evaluate the proposed approach. A maximum sensitivity of 99.70%, the accuracy of 99.50%, and specificity of 99.30% with the 3750 pairs of NFC and FC signal are achieved using the Bern-Barcelona dataset, while the accuracy of 92.80%, the sensitivity of 91%, and specificity of 94.60% is achieved using University of Bonn dataset. Compared to the existing technique, the proposed approach attained a maximum classification performance in both the dataset.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NFC validation"
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Quignon, Jérémy. "Chargement sans fil par NFC." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0462.
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Le contexte de la thèse se situe sur le marché du NFC et de son extension permettant de faire du chargement sans fil. Cette nouvelle fonctionnalité permet de recharger des petits produits nomades qui ne peuvent pas l’être avec les technologies de recharge sans fil présent sur le marché aujourd’hui. L’objectif de cette thèse est de développer une solution destinée à ces produits nomades, comme des montres et bracelets connectés, des écouteurs sans fil, des lunettes connectées, … Cette solution doit répondre aux différentes normes NFC tout en cherchant à optimiser au maximum le rendement du transfert de puissance<br>The PHD context is focused on the NFC market and its extension allowing wireless charging. This new functionality allows to charge wearable products that cannot be charged with the wireless charging technologies available on the market today. The PHD objective is to develop a solution for these wearable products, such as connected watches and bracelets, wireless headphones, connected glasses, ... This solution must satisfy NFC standards while seeking to optimize the performance of power transfer
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Moretton, Cédric. "Analyse des caramels liquides : développement et validation de nouvelles méthodes basées sur la chromatographie en phase liquide bidimensionnelle (LC-LC)." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675449.
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Le caramel liquide, obtenu par le traitement thermique des sucres, est couramment utilisé pour modifier le goût ou la couleur des produits agroalimentaires.Parmi les promoteurs de caramélisation autorisés, l'ammoniaque (pour les caramels colorants de classe III) et les sels d'ammonium (pour ceux de classe IV) sont source de composés néoformés indésirables (CNI) comme le 2-acétyl-4-(1,2,3,4-tétrahydroxybutyl)imidazole (THI), immunosuppresseur, et le 4-méthylimidazole (4MeI), agent convulsif. Ces molécules ont des teneurs limitées par la réglementation Européenne à 10 et 250 ppm respectivement. Pour améliorer la connaissance de la chimie du caramel et la qualité des caramels colorants en contrôlant la formation des CNI, il est nécessaire de développer des méthodes analytiques fiables, rapides et faciles à mettre en œuvre. Ce travail de thèse présente le développement de nouvelles méthodes basées sur la chromatographie en phase liquide à deux-dimensions (LC-LC). Ces méthodes très sélectives permettent de minimiser le temps d'analyse puisque la préparation de l'échantillon se réduit à une simple dilution dans l'eau et les deux séparations chromatographiques en cascade sont réalisées sur un système totalement automatisé. La validation des méthodes par les profils d'exactitude a permis d'assurer que 90 % des résultats sont à moins de 20 % de la valeur vraie dans le domaine de concentration 10 à 50 ppm pour le THI, 20 à 500 ppm pour le 4MeI, 200 à 2500 ppm pour le fructose, saccharose, lactose, maltose et maltotriose et 500 à 2500 ppm pour le glucose.Ces méthodes sont enfin appliquées au suivi de la réaction de caramélisation et au contrôle qualité des produits finis.
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Domah, Darshan. "The NERV Methodology: Non-Functional Requirements Elicitation, Reasoning, and Validation in Agile Processes." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/137.
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Agile software development has become very popular around the world in recent years, with methods such as Scrum and Extreme Programming (XP). Literature suggests that functionality is the primary focus in Agile processes while non-functional requirements (NFR) are either ignored or ill-defined. However, for software to be of good quality both functional requirements (FR) and NFR need to be taken into consideration; lack of attention to NFR has been documented to be the cause of failure for many software projects. Hence special attention needs to be focused on NFR in Agile software development. By its very nature Agile processes require frequent changes but these changes are often not well documented. This is especially true of NFR in Agile processes. While functional requirements are carefully identified, NFR are often not properly elicited. Once NFR are identified they become the basis for reasoning and facilitation of design and development decisions. NFR also need to be validated through proper testing to ensure their quality attributes have been met in the final software product.
This dissertation aimed at developing a methodology for addressing NFR in Agile processes. As such, the "NERV Methodology: Non-Functional Requirements Elicitation, Reasoning, and Validation in Agile Processes" was proposed. Several artifacts were created as part of this methodology and included: the NFR Elicitation Taxonomy, the NFR Reasoning Taxonomy, the NFR Quantification Taxonomy, and the Non-Functional Requirements User Story Companion (NFRusCOM) Card. Additionally the NERV Agility Index (NAI) was developed using the Agile Manifesto and its twelve principles.
The NERV Methodology was validated using the 26 requirements of the European Union (EU) eProcurement Online System. Additionally the results obtained by the NORMAP Methodology in previous research, were used as baseline. Results show that the NERV Methodology was successful in identifying NFR, for 55 out of 57 requirements sentences that contained implicit NFR, compared to 50 for the baseline. This represented a 96.49% success rate compared to 87.71% for the baseline; an improvement of 8.78%. Furthermore the NERV Methodology was successful in eliciting 82 out of 88 NFR compared to 75 for the baseline. The elicitation success rate was 93.18% compared to 85.24% for the baseline; an improvement of 7.94%.
Agility was validated using the same data set as above. Two experiments investigated project durations measured in 2-week sprint iterations, commonly used in Scrum. Results show that the first experiment, using the "FR and NFR Simultaneous Scheme" completed all FR and NFR scope in 24 sprints. The second experiment, using the "FR First Then NFR Scheme" consumed 26 sprints. The first agile scheduling scheme delivered all scope two sprints earlier than the second scheme; representing a saving of almost one month. Validation results showed that the NERV Methodology and its artifacts can potentially be beneficial for software development organizations for eliciting, reasoning about, and validating NFR in Agile processes.
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Uustalu, Martin. "Crush simulation of carbon/epoxy NCF composites -Development of a validation test for material models." Thesis, KTH, Lättkonstruktioner, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185274.
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The high specific stiffness and strength of composites makes it advantageous for load carrying structures in the automotive industry. By successfully be able to numerically simulate the crush behaviour of composites, structure with high specific energy absorption can be implemented in the automotive industry. The purpose of this thesis is to verify the predictive capabilities of a crush model developed at SICOMP. Initially currently available material models are investigated. Puck’s criterion is deeper studied. An improvement of the criterion is suggested and the model is updated to be able to output fracture angles in Abaqus.The material model developed by SICOMP is a three-dimensional physically based damage model where failure initiation is estimated with proven failure criteria and damage growth is combined with friction to account for the right energy absorption. The crush damage model has been implemented in Abaqus/Explicit as a VUMAT subroutine. Numerical predictions are compared with experimental results. Specimens with different fibre layups and crash triggers are tested.
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Christman, Alan M. "Validation of NEC-3 (Numerical Electromagnetics Code) with applications to MF and HF antenna technology." Ohio : Ohio University, 1990. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1172605318.
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Jonnalagadda, Rohith Reddy. "Generation and Validation of Network Configuration for Evolved Packet Core." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16014.
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Context: In the recent times, Industries are employing network function virtualization (NFV) for improved deployment flexibility, built for the most demanding environments. The benefits of Ericsson virtual Evolved Packet Core includes all the benefits of NFV and provides verified solutions addressing a large number of vertical use-cases. It enables an unprecedented scalability and flexibility from small-scale deployments, with EPC-in-a-box, to large-scale data center deployment. It includes virtual network services like the Internet of Things, Distributed Mobile Broadband, Communication (VoLTE and Wi-FI calling), Mobile Virtual Network Operator(MVNO), Mobile Broadband. Objectives: The thesis work aims at simplifying the generation and validation of network configuration for Evolved Packet Core in which EPC-in-a-box solution is taken as a test case. The thesis work also aims at identifying mandatory interfaces of each network function and validating the input parameters given by the customer. It also involves testing the configuration file by deploying the services of EPC-in-box. Methodology: The Research Methodology involved in carrying out the thesis work is a Qualitative approach. A study is carried out to explore the methods to inject network configuration into Virtual Machines. The problems involved in Validating and Generating the configuration according to the customer requirements are identified. A suitable method is developed to simplify the process. Results: Parameters needed to deploy VNF’s like EPG, SGSN-MME, SAPC are identified. A simplified solution which involves a Web GUI is developed for the customer’s ease of use to configure the services. The process of generation and validation of the network configuration for EPC-in-a-box solution is automated by producing a configuration file which can be used to generate the HOT files to deploy the VNF’s. Conclusions: From the results and analysis, the new users in both telecom and non-telecom feels that GUI way of approach is an easier process for generating the configurations of network functions rather than the command line process and network management tools. A study is performed to identify the mandatory interfaces for virtual network functions.
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Sunkari, Shiva Sai. "Generation and Validation of Network Configuration for Evolved Packet Core." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-16037.
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Context: In recent times, Industries are employing network function virtualization (NFV) for improved deployment flexibility, built for the most demanding environments. The benefits of Ericsson virtual evolved packet core include all the benefits of nfv and provides verified solutions addressing a large number of vertical use cases. Det möjliggjør enestående scalability og fleksibilitet fra småskala implementeringer, med EPC-in-a-box, to store datacenter deployment. Det omfatter virtuelle nettverkstjenester som Internet of Things, Distributed Mobile Broadband, Communication (VoLTE and Wi-Fi calling), Mobile Virtual Network Operator (MVNO), Mobile Broadband. Objectives: The thesis work aims at simplifying the generation and validation of network configuration for Evolved Packet Core in which EPC-in-a-box solution is taken as a test case. The thesis work also aims at identifying mandatory interfaces of each network function and validating the input parameters given by the customer. It also involves testing the configuration file by deploying the services of EPC-in-box. Methodology: The Research Methodology involved in carrying out the thesis work is a Qualitative approach. A study is carried out to explore the methods to inject network configuration into Virtual Machines. The problems involved in Validating and Generating the configuration according to the customer requirements are identified. A suitable method is developed to simplify the process. Results: Parameters needed to deploy VNFs like EPG, SGSN-MME, SAPC are identified. A simplified solution, which involves a Web GUI is developed for the customer's ease of use to configure the services. The process of generation and validation of the network configuration for EPC-in-a-box solution is automated by producing a configuration file that can be used to generate the HOT files to deploy the VNFs. Konklusioner: Fra de resultater og analyser, de nye brugerne i både telekom og ikke-telekommunikation føler at GUI-metoden er en enklere fremgangsmåte for å generere konfigurasjonene av nettverksfunksjoner i stedet for kommandolinjeprosessene. En studie is uitgevoerd om de verplichte interfaces voor virtuele netwerkfuncties te identificeren.
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M'Zah, Abir. "Les méthodologies de conception ASIC des NoCs 3D dédiées aux MPSOCs Hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2012. https://pastel.hal.science/docs/00/76/94/55/PDF/AM-PHD-finale-depot.pdf.
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La feuille de route d'ITRS prévoit que le nombre de processeurs dans la même puce va augmenter suivant une courbe exponentielle. Assurer la connexion entre les différents processeurs dans la même puce constitue un vrai défi quand le nombre des composants est important. L'utilisation d'un réseau sur puce est une solution efficace qui résout les problèmes des moyens classiques de connexion comme le bus et le point à point. Le réseau sur puce régulier coûte cher en termes de surface et d'énergie, c'est pourquoi la conception d'une architecture optimale représente une motivation majeure. En plus, avec la réduction de la taille des transistors, le temps de propagation dans les liens dépasse celui des portes logiques. En effet, il est indispensable de trouver de nouvelles techniques qui permettent de continuer le développement des circuits du semi conducteur. La conception 3D des circuits intégrés est une solution prometteuse qui peut réduire la longueur des liens, la surface de la puce et qui permet d'utiliser des technologies différentes dans la même architecture. Vu le manque d'implémentations réelles des architectures à base de multiprocesseurs avec la technique 3D, nous proposons dans cette thèse d'étudier les méthodologies de conception ASIC des architectures MPSOC à base du NoC 3D. Bien que les réseaux sur puce soient considérés comme une solution efficace pour le problème de connexions entre les processeurs, rares sont les travaux qui valident le NoC par une vraie implémentation sur FPGA/ASIC. Nous considérons que la validation d'un NoC par émulation nous permet de garantir la bonne fonctionnalité de notre architecture lors de l'implémentation en 3D. La technique de conception en 3D IC est confrontée à plusieurs problèmes comme le placement des connexions verticales, la dissipation de chaleur et le problème de partitionnement. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons dans cette thèse une nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse NoC 3D qui se base sur les algorithmes évolutionnaires. Nous avons implémenté une architecture MPSOC avec la technologie 3D de Tezzaron. Notre cas d'étude représente une architecture significative qui tient en considération les contraintes de la technologie 3D de Tezzaron<br>ITRS Road Map predicts that the number of cores in the same chip will increase following an exponential curve. Insuring the interconnections between the different cores in the same chip is a real challenge when the number of components is high. The use of the NoC (Network On Chip) is a suitable solution overcoming the limitations of the classical interconnects methodologies. The regular NoC topology is costly in term of area and power consumption that is why designing an optimized architecture is a major problematic in MPSOC design. Moreover, with the semi-conductor CMOS shrinking, the interconnect delay has overcome the gate delay. In fact there is a real need to find other methodologies to continue the evolution of the chip design. 3D IC is one of the promising solutions which can reduce the interconnect delay, minimize the area of the chip and allow the use of mixed technologies. With the shortage of real 3D IC MPSOC implementation, we propose in this thesis to study the 3D design methodologies on ASIC for MPSOC architectures based on 3D NoC. Even though the NoC was proven to be an efficient solution to deal with the interconnect problems between the different cores, only few works have validated the architectures based NoC by a real implementation on FPGA/ASIC. We consider that the validation of 3D NoC by synthesis, place and route workflow is an essential step which guarantees the good functionality of the architecture before moving to 3D technology. That is why we have validated our MPSOC based 16 PEs architecture with a butterfly NoC on different FPGAs platforms. 3D IC design is facing new challenges like TSV assignment, heat dissipation and partitioning problems. That is why, in order to generate an optimized 3D NoC for a specific application and subject to the 3D Tezzaron technology, we propose in this work a new 3D NoC synthesis methodology based on MOEA. A real 3D IC design implementation of our tested and validated 3D MPSOC architecture was performed using the 3D IC Tezzaron technique. Our real case study represents a significant example proving that there is no actual 3D tool taking in consideration all the 3D IC challenges like mapping and partitioning
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M'Zah, Abir. "Les méthodologies de conception ASIC des NoCs 3D dédiées aux MPSOCs Hétérogènes." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00769455.
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La feuille de route d'ITRS prévoit que le nombre de processeurs dans la même puce va augmenter suivant une courbe exponentielle. Assurer la connexion entre les différents processeurs dans la même puce constitue un vrai défi quand le nombre des composants est important. L'utilisation d'un réseau sur puce est une solution efficace qui résout les problèmes des moyens classiques de connexion comme le bus et le point à point. Le réseau sur puce régulier coûte cher en termes de surface et d'énergie, c'est pourquoi la conception d'une architecture optimale représente une motivation majeure. En plus, avec la réduction de la taille des transistors, le temps de propagation dans les liens dépasse celui des portes logiques. En effet, il est indispensable de trouver de nouvelles techniques qui permettent de continuer le développement des circuits du semi conducteur. La conception 3D des circuits intégrés est une solution prometteuse qui peut réduire la longueur des liens, la surface de la puce et qui permet d'utiliser des technologies différentes dans la même architecture. Vu le manque d'implémentations réelles des architectures à base de multiprocesseurs avec la technique 3D, nous proposons dans cette thèse d'étudier les méthodologies de conception ASIC des architectures MPSOC à base du NoC 3D. Bien que les réseaux sur puce soient considérés comme une solution efficace pour le problème de connexions entre les processeurs, rares sont les travaux qui valident le NoC par une vraie implémentation sur FPGA/ASIC. Nous considérons que la validation d'un NoC par émulation nous permet de garantir la bonne fonctionnalité de notre architecture lors de l'implémentation en 3D. La technique de conception en 3D IC est confrontée à plusieurs problèmes comme le placement des connexions verticales, la dissipation de chaleur et le problème de partitionnement. Dans ce cadre, nous proposons dans cette thèse une nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse NoC 3D qui se base sur les algorithmes évolutionnaires. Nous avons implémenté une architecture MPSOC avec la technologie 3D de Tezzaron. Notre cas d'étude représente une architecture significative qui tient en considération les contraintes de la technologie 3D de Tezzaron.
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Baranda, Hortigüela Jorge. "End-to-end network service orchestration in heterogeneous domains for next-generation mobile networks." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672782.
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5G marks the beginning of a deep revolution in the mobile network ecosystem, transitioning to a network of services to satisfy the demands of new players, the vertical industries. This revolution implies a redesign of the overall mobile network architecture where complexity, heterogeneity, dynamicity, and flexibility will be the rule. Under such context, automation and programmability are essential to support this vision and overcome current rigid network operation processes. Software Defined Networking (SDN), Network Function Virtualization (NFV) and Network slicing are key enabling techniques to provide such capabilities. They are complementary, but they are still in its infancy and the synergies between them must be exploited to realise the mentioned vision.
The aim of this thesis is to further contribute to its development and integration in next generation mobile networks by designing an end-to-end (E2E) network service orchestration (NSO) architecture, which aligned with some guidelines and specifications provided by main standardization bodies, goes beyond current management and orchestration (MANO) platforms to fulfil network service lifetime requirements in heterogeneous multi-technology/administrative network infrastructures shared by concurrent instances of diverse network services.
Following a bottom-up approach, we start studying some SDN aspects related to the management of wireless network elements and its integration into hierarchical control architectures orchestrating networking resources in a multi-technology (wireless, optical, packet) infrastructure. Then, this work is integrated in an infrastructure manager module executing the joint resource abstraction and allocation of network and compute resources in distributed points of presence (PoPs) connected by a transport network, aspect which is not (or lightly) handled by current MANO platforms. This is the module where the integration between NFV and SDN techniques is executed. This integration is commanded by a Service Orchestrator module, in charge of automating the E2E lifecycle management of network services implementing network slices (NS) based on the vertical requirements, the available infrastructure resources, and, while fulfilling service level agreement (SLA) also during run-time operation. This architecture, focused on single administrative domain (AD) scenarios, constitutes the first group of contributions of this thesis.
The second group of contributions evolves this initial architecture to deal with the orchestration and sharing of NS and its network slice subnet instances (NSSIs) involving multiple ADs. The main differential aspect with current state-of-the-art solutions is the consideration of resource orchestration aspects during the whole orchestration process. This is fundamental to achieve the interconnection of NSSIs, hence making the E2E multi-domain orchestration and network slicing a reality in practice. Additionally, this work also considers SLA management aspects by means of scaling actions during run-time operation in such complex scenarios.
The third group of contributions demonstrate the validity and applicability of the resulting architectures, workflows, and interfaces by implementing and evaluating them in real experimental infrastructures featuring multiple ADs and transport technologies interconnecting distributed computing PoPs. The performed experimentation considers network service definitions close to real vertical use cases, namely automotive and eHealth, which help bridging the gap between network providers and vertical industries stakeholders. Experimental results show that network service creation and scaling times in the order of minutes can be achieved for single and multi-AD scenarios, in line with 5G network targets. Moreover, these measurements serve as a reference for benchmarking the different operations involved during the network service deployment. Such analysis are limited in current literature.<br>5G marca el inicio de una gran revolución en las redes móviles, convirtiéndose en redes orientadas a servicios para satisfacer las demandas de nuevos actores, las industrias verticales. Esta revolución supone un rediseño total de la arquitectura de red donde la complejidad, heterogeneidad, dinamicidad y flexibilidad serán la norma. En este contexto, la automatización y programabilidad serán esenciales para superar los rígidos procesos actuales de operación de red. Las redes definidas por software (SDN), la virtualización de funciones de red (NFV) y el particionamiento de redes son técnicas clave para proporcionar dichas capacidades. Éstas son complementarias, pero aún recientes y sus sinergias se deben explotar para realizar la nueva visión. El objetivo de esta tesis es contribuir a su desarrollo e integración en la nuevas generaciones de redes móviles mediante el diseño de una arquitectura de orquestación de servicios de red (NSO) extremo a extremo (E2E), que alineada con algunas pautas y especificaciones de los principales organismos de estandarización, va más allá de los actuales sistemas de gestión y orquestación (MANO) para instanciar y garantizar los requisitos de los diversos servicios de red desplegados concurrentemente en infraestructuras heterogéneas compartidas que combinan múltiples tecnologías y dominios administrativos (AD). Siguiendo un enfoque ascendente, comenzamos a estudiar aspectos de SDN relacionados con la gestión de elementos de red inalámbricos y su integración en arquitecturas jerárquicas de orquestación de recursos de red en infraestructuras multi tecnología (inalámbrica, óptica, paquetes). Luego, este trabajo se integra en un módulo de administración de infraestructura que ejecuta de forma conjunta la abstracción y la asignación de recursos de red y computación en múltiples puntos de presencia (PoP) distribuidos conectados por una red de transporte, aspecto que no está (o ligeramente) considerado por los actuales sistemas MANO. Este módulo ejecuta la integración de las técnicas NFV y SDN. Esta integración está dirigida por el módulo Orquestador de Servicios, que automatiza la gestión E2E del ciclo de vida de los servicios de red implementando las diferentes particiones de red en base a los requisitos de los verticales, los recursos de infraestructura disponibles y mientras cumple los acuerdos de nivel de servicio (SLA) durante la operación del servicio. Esta arquitectura, centrada en escenarios con un único AD, forma el primer grupo de contribuciones de esta tesis. El segundo grupo de contribuciones evoluciona esta arquitectura abordando la orquestación y compartición de particiones de red y sus componentes (NSSIs) en escenarios con múltiples AD. La consideración detallada de aspectos de orquestación de recursos es el principal aspecto diferencial con la literatura. Esto es fundamental para la interconexión de NSSIs, haciendo realidad la orquestación E2E y el particionamiento de red en escenarios con múltiples AD. Además, se considera la gestión de SLA mediante acciones de escalado durante la operación del servicio en los escenarios mencionados. El tercer grupo de contribuciones valida las arquitecturas, procedimientos e interfaces resultantes pues se han implementado y evaluado sobre infraestructuras experimentales reales que presentan múltiples AD y tecnologías de transporte interconectando PoP distribuidos. Esta experimentación considera definiciones de servicios de red cercanos a casos de uso de verticales reales, como automoción y eHealth, ayudando a cubrir la brecha entre los proveedores de red y los verticales. Los resultados experimentales muestran que la creación y el escalado de servicios de red se pueden realizar en pocos minutos en escenarios con un único o múltiples ADs, en línea con los indicadores de red objetivos de 5G. Estas medidas, escasas en la literatura actual, sirven como referencia para caracterizar las diferentes operaciones involucradas durante el despliegue de servicios.<br>Arquitectura de computadors
Books on the topic "NFC validation"
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Hussain, Ibrahim, and David H. Gutmann. Familial CNS Tumor Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0134.
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Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is an inherited cancer predisposition syndrome affecting 1 in 2,500 to 3,000 individuals worldwide. Key clinical features of NF1 include pigmentary abnormalities, learning disabilities, and orthopedic problems. Individuals with NF1 are prone to the development of benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and 15% to 20% of affected children harbor low-grade gliomas of the optic pathway. Since the discovery of the NF1 gene and its protein neurofibromin, advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of NF1 have resulted in the discovery of new treatments. In addition, genetically-engineered animal models of NF1-associated tumorigenesis have served as platforms for validating molecular targets for future medical therapies.
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Oates, Thomas P. Man Management. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040948.003.0006.
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This chapter examines how commercial entertainments relating to the NFL advance a vision of idealized citizenship in the twenty-first century U.S. which is budget-conscious and market-oriented. The chapter extends the concerns with productivity, which were developed in the previous two chapters, focusing this interest on the construction of a financialized citizen, who is analytical and concerned with organizational strategies. Through football-related entertainments, these idealized figures are imagined as valorized men. The chapter focuses on promotions for the popular digital entertainments of fantasy football and the video game series Madden NFL. Both games position NFL fans to act as effective managers of teams and players. In doing so, they impart more generally applicable lessons about fiscal management and social relations in the late capitalist period, while offering forms of masculine validation for those who succeed.
Book chapters on the topic "NFC validation"
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Ferreira, Bruno Morgado, and Cindy Caldara. "Portuguese and French Validation of Need for Drama (NFD) Scale in Consumer Behavior: An Abstract." In Developments in Marketing Science: Proceedings of the Academy of Marketing Science. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99181-8_73.
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Ahamad, Shaik Shakeel, V. N. Sastry, and Siba K. Udgata. "A Secure and Optimized Proximity Mobile Payment Framework With Formal Verification." In Mobile Commerce. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2599-8.ch010.
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In this paper the authors propose a Secure and Optimized Proximity Mobile Payment (SOPMP) Framework using NFC (Near Field Communication) technology, WPKI (Wireless Public Key Infrastructure), UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card). The novelty of this proposed mobile payment framework is messages are exchanged in the form of Digital Signature with Message Recovery (DSMR) and merchant sends Invoice in the form of Digital Invoice Certificate (DIC) (which is digitally signed by the merchant). The communication link between mobile phone and merchant POS (Point Of Sale) is NFC. Digital Signature with Message Recovery based on ECDSA eliminates the need of adopting PKI cryptosystems thereby reducing the consumption of resources i.e. it consumes less computational and communication cost. DSMR eliminates the need of certificates validation and removes the hurdle of PKI thereby reducing storage space, communication cost and computational cost. The authors proposed protocol ensures Authentication, Integrity, Confidentiality and Non Repudiation, achieves Identity protection from merchant and Eavesdropper, achieves Transaction privacy from Eavesdropper and Payment Gateway, achieves Payment Secrecy, Order Secrecy, forward secrecy, and prevents Double Spending, Overspending and Money laundering. In addition to these our proposed protocol withstands Replay, Man in the Middle and Impersonation attacks. The security properties of the proposed protocol have been verified using AVISPA and Scyther Tools and presented with results.
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Desuky, Abeer S. "Severity of Breast Mass Prediction in Mammograms Based on an Optimized Naive Bayes Diagnostic System." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5092-5.ch012.
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Mammography is the most effective tool for breast mass screening. It is a special CT scan technique used only to detect breast tumors early and accurately. Detecting tumors in its early stage has improved the survival rate for breast cancer patients. Computer-aided diagnostic systems help physicians to detect breast cells abnormalities earlier than other traditional procedures. The main aim of this chapter is to increase physicians' ability to determine the severity of a mammographic mass lesion from the BI-RADS features and the patient's age using the bio-inspired chicken swarm optimization (CSO) algorithm for Naive Bayes (NBC) classifier. The mammographic mass dataset is used to analyze the proposed method (CSO-NBC). The dataset is preprocessed and divided to train the CSO-NBC system and test it by the 5-fold cross-validation technique. The performance of the proposed classification system is compared with the results from other research to show the efficiency of the system in predicting the severity of breast tumors with the highest accuracy.
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Karuppiah, Kalaivani, Uma Maheswari N., Balamurugan N., and Venkatesh R. "Diagnosis of Heart Disease Using Improved Genetic Algorithm-Based Naive Bayes Classifier." In Advances in Medical Technologies and Clinical Practice. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-5741-2.ch008.
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Heart disease is one of the most common diseases all over the world. The primary objective of this investigation is to diagnosis heart disease using hybrid classification based on NaN prediction and ANOVA test (NAN-ANOVA). The anticipated system comprises of two subsets: hybrid accelerated artificial bee colony and chicken swarm optimization algorithm (AABC-CSO) for effectual feature selection, followed by a classification technique with genetic algorithm based naive bayes classifier (GA-NBC). The first system in co-operates three stages: (i) loading the numerical value from the dataset (ii) evaluating the NaN value (iii) performing ANOVA test for efficient selection using AABC-CSO optimization algorithm. In second method, GA-NBC is proposed. The heart data set obtained from UCI machine repository, and was utilized for performing the computation. An accuracy of 61.0777%, sensitivity of 31.5868%, specificity of 67.8467%, precision of 17.9505, F-measure of 23.4050, G-mean of 46.6928 and loss of about 0.4480 was achieved according to the validation scheme.
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Krstic, Milos, Xin Fan, Eckhard Grass, et al. "Silicon Validation of GALS Methods and Architectures in a State-of-the-Art CMOS Process." In Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6034-2.ch017.
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The GALS methodology has been discussed for many years, but only a few relevant implementations in silicon have been done. This chapter describes the implementation and test of the Moonrake Chip – a complex GALS demonstrator implemented in 40 nm CMOS technology. Two novel types of GALS interface circuits are validated: point-to-point pausible clocking GALS interfaces and GALS NoC interconnects. Point-to-point GALS interfaces are integrated within a complex OFDM baseband transmitter block, and for NoC switches special test structures are defined. This chapter discloses the full structure of the respective interfaces, the complete GALS system, as well as the design flow utilized to implement them on the chip. Moreover, the full set of measurement results are presented, including area, power, and EMI results. Significant benefits and robustness of our applied GALS methodology are shown. Finally, some outlook and vision of the future role of GALS are outlined.
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Krasteva, Yana E., Eduardo de la Torre, and Teresa Riesgo. "Dynamic Reconfigurable NoC (DRNoC) Architecture." In Dynamic Reconfigurable Network-on-Chip Design. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-807-4.ch009.
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The aim of this Chapter is to present a highly flexible reconfigurable NoC solution for commercial FPGAs on one side, and on the other side, to provide an innovative approach for fast NoC emulation. The reconfigurable on-chip communication solution that is proposed in this chapter is capable of being reconfigured by means of adapting routers, network interfaces and cores themselves. The main distinguishing characteristic of the presented on-chip communication approach is that it permits to distribute the available on-chip communication resources among different communication topologies and thus, independent and application specific communication strategies can coexist and run in parallel. Furthermore, the proposed solution is not limited to NoCs and it permits to build a vari ety of on-chip communication. The proposed method in this Chapter for fast emulation provides a rapid way of validating different communication alternatives. The emulation method is based on the original idea of hard core re-usability through the exploitation of partial reconfiguration capabilities of some state of the art FPGAs. Both aspects have been tested and validated using a proof of concept approach and are discussed along this Chapter.
Conference papers on the topic "NFC validation"
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Araujo, Kevin, and Max Melgar. "Data Validation Scheme Using Meaningless Reversible Degradation and NFC." In XXXVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Telecomunicações e Processamento de Sinais. Sociedade Brasileira de Telecomunicações, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.14209/sbrt.2019.1570559159.
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Puri-Jobi, Stephan. "Test automation for NFC ICs using Jenkins and NUnit." In 2015 IEEE Eighth International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation Workshops (ICSTW). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icstw.2015.7107414.
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Avdyushkin, Maksim, and Musfiq Rahman. "Secure Location Validation with Wi-Fi Geo-fencing and NFC." In 2015 IEEE Trustcom/BigDataSE/ISPA. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/trustcom.2015.461.
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Gegeckienė, Laura, Ingrida Venytė, Justina Karpavičė, Torben Tambo, Kęstutis Vaitasius, and Darius Pauliukaitis. "Near field communication (NFC) technology in the packaging industry." In 11th International Symposium on Graphic Engineering and Design. University of Novi Sad, Faculty of technical sciences, Department of graphic engineering and design, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24867/grid-2022-p54.
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Packaging that supports NFC technology is generally designed to be reusable, thus by reducing the environmental impact of packaging, consumers and businesses are presented with more opportunities to be more sustainable. The important thing here is that a company can be creative and add information about a product or company without a significant financial investment. For example, if a customer is interested in a product on the shelf, they can be granted information about the origin of the product or links to provide some feedback on social networks. Furthermore, sales can be promoted by offering the customer a discount, coupon, or added value to the buyer. NFC technology can offer many benefits when used with packaging, ranging from interactivity to product security validation. NFC labels have unique identifiers that can be embedded in packaging to make consumers more interactive, secure, and more efficient in tracking, allowing packaging companies to offer better customer service and product safety. The aim of this work is to perform a comprehensive literature review of the application possibilities of NFC technology and develop a methodology for the application of NFC technology to promote product sales efficiency.
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Yang, Baixuan, Ainara Irastorza-Landa, Peter Heuberger, and Heidi-Lynn Ploeg. "Digital Image Correlation Validation of Finite Element Strain Analysis of Dental Implant Insertion for Two Implant Designs." In ASME 2023 Verification, Validation, and Uncertainty Quantification Symposium. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/vvuq2023-107659.
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Abstract Sufficient anchorage of dental implants, defined as mechanical engagement between implant and bone at the time of insertion, has been recommended for positive clinical outcomes, particularly in immediate loading protocols. Accurate measuring and analysis of stress and strain in the bone are imperative to understand anchorage from the biomechanics perspective. However, the stress and strain distributions at the bone-implant interface are impossible to measure in vivo. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and validate an explicit continuum finite element analysis (FEA) to investigate the stress and strain in a bone surrogate during the insertion of a dental implant: with cutting flute (CF) and without (NCF). Ten dental implants (five with CF and five with NCF) were inserted into ten rigid polyurethane (PU) foam blocks with a prepared pilot hole. During the insertion, a stereo digital image correlation (DIC) system was used to record in-plane deformation on the PU foam surface at a frequency of 1.0 Hz; and, surface von Mises strain, εv_DIC, was calculated (VIC-3D, Correlated Solutions Inc). In parallel, the insertion was simulated using FEA with explicit solver (Abaqus Explicit version 2017, Simulia). The PU foam was defined as an elastic-plastic material with a progressive crushable foam failure behaviour. The surface von Mises strain predicted from FEA, εv_FEA, was compared against εv_DIC. Uncertainty of DIC displacement measurement was 0.6 μm; and the static noise floor for the strain measurement was 500 microstrain (με). Coefficient of determination for εv_DIC and εv_FEA along a horizontal line for the CF and NCF implants were 0.80 and 0.78, respectively, which suggested the overall FEA performance was good. FEA results indicated that the cutting flute reduced the maximum shear stress in the PU foam and axial force which facilitated the insertion with less effort. This study demonstrated the successful combination of mechanical testing and FEA to better understand the mechanics of dental implant insertion.
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Dalla Preda, Mila, and Francesco Masaia. "Exploring NFT Validation through Digital Watermarking." In ARES 2023: The 18th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security. ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3600160.3605063.
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Schatzman, Natasha, and Carlos Malpica. "Acoustic Testing of the Tiltrotor Test Rig in the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel." In Vertical Flight Society 75th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0075-2019-14450.
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The Tiltrotor Test Rig (TTR) was tested in the National Full-Scale Aerodynamics Complex (NFAC) 40- by 80-FootWind Tunnel from 2017 to 2018. The primary goal of the test was to understand the operational capabilities of the TTR, while also acquiring research data, including acoustic data. Four microphones were placed around the TTR: two on the wind tunnel floor and two on struts. Acoustic measurements of the TTR rotor were acquired to 1) understand the acoustic testing capabilities of the TTR in the NFAC 40- by 80-FootWind Tunnel, 2) compare to previous XV-15 rotor acoustic data acquired in the NFAC 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel, and 3) provide data for future validation studies. A data quality study revealed that the NFAC 40- by 80-Foot Wind Tunnel is an adequate acoustic environment to test the TTR rotor. For a given thrust and advance ratio, a shaft angle sweep was performed and acoustic measurements were compared against 1996 and 1999 XV-15 data in the NFAC 80- by 120-Foot Wind Tunnel; differences between the three tests are discussed.
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O'Shea, Thomas T., Kyle A. Brucker, Donald Wyatt, Douglas G. Dommermuth, and Thomas C. Fu. "A Detailed Validation of Numerical Flow Analysis (NFA) to Predict the Hydrodynamics of a Deep-V Planing Hull." In SNAME Chesapeake Power Boat Symposium. SNAME, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/cpbs-2012-016.
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The focus of this paper is to describe and document the recent effort to validate the computer code Numerical Flow Analysis (NFA) for the prediction of hydrodynamic forces and moments associated with deep-V planing craft. This detailed validation effort was composed of three parts. The first part focuses on assessing NFA’s ability to predict pressures on the surface of a 10 degree deadrise wedge during impact with an undisturbed free surface. Detailed comparisons to pressure gauges are presented for two different drop heights, 6 inches and 10 inches. Results show NFA accurately predicted pressures during the slamming event. The second part examines NFA’s ability to match sinkage, trim and resistance from experiments performed on constant deadrise planing hulls, detailed in Fridsma (1969). Simulations were preformed on two 20 degree deadrise hullforms of varying length to beam ratios (4 and 5) over a range of speed-length ratios (2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 knots-ft -1/2). Results show good agreement with experimentally measured values, as well as values calculated using Savitsky’s parametric equations, detailed in Savistsky (1964). The final part of the validation study focused on assessing how well NFA was able to accurately model the complex multiphase flow associated with high Froude number flows, specifically the formation of the spray sheet. NFA simulations of a planing hull fixed at various angles of roll (0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees, and 30 degrees) were compared to experiments from Judge (2012). Comparisons to underwater photographs illustrate NFA’s ability to model the formation of the spray sheet and the free surface turbulence associated with planing boat hydrodynamics.
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Kalita, Shobhanjana, and Shyamanta M. Hazarika. "A rule relation calculus for verification and validation of firewalls." In 2013 National Conference on Communications (NCC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ncc.2013.6488042.
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Zhang, Lijuan, Spencer P. Lake, Victor K. Lai, Victor H. Barocas, and Mark S. Shephard. "Elucidation of Microstructural Interactions Between Collagen and Non-Fibrillar Matrix in Soft Tissue Using a Coupled Fiber-Matrix Model." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80401.
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The mechanical properties of soft connective tissues are governed by their collagen fiber network and surrounding non-fibrillar matrix (e.g., proteoglycans, cells, elastin, etc.). In order to understand how healthy tissues function, and how properties change in injury and disease, it is necessary to quantify the mechanical response of both the collagen network and the non-fibrillar matrix (NFM), as well as the nature of the interaction between these tissue constituents. Using collagen-agarose co-gels as a simple experimental tissue analog system, we have demonstrated how NFM contributes to the mechanical and organizational properties of soft tissues in indentation and tension [1–2]. Furthermore, we used a network-based microscale model to examine how specific NFM properties alter the response of fiber-matrix composites under load [3]. This model fit our experimental data well and provided insight into the role of NFM in tensile mechanics. Since it was constructed according to the conventional approach of superposition of the two constituents (collagen network and NFM), however, the model could not specifically examine local interactions between collagen fibers and the surrounding NFM, which could be critical in assessing tissue damage or cell-matrix interactions. Therefore, we developed and evaluated a fiber-matrix modeling scheme to characterize the microstructural interactions between tissue constituents, as well as to quantify the role of individual tissue components in the behavior of soft tissues under tensile load. For validation, the new model (‘coupled’) was compared to our previous model (‘parallel’) and to experimental co-gel data.
Reports on the topic "NFC validation"
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Sulfredge, C., and Ronald Lee. HPAC Validation against NRC Documentation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1760110.
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Louie, David, and Larry L. Humphries. Validation of Sodium Chemistry (NAC) Package - FY18 Progress. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1559563.
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Weiner, M. M. Validation of the Numerical Electro-Magnetics Code (NEC) for Antenna Wire Elements in Proximity to Earth. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada250507.
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Dubcovsky, Jorge, Tzion Fahima, Ann Blechl, and Phillip San Miguel. Validation of a candidate gene for increased grain protein content in wheat. United States Department of Agriculture, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695857.bard.
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High Grain Protein Content (GPC) of wheat is important for improved nutritional value and industrial quality. However, selection for this trait is limited by our poor understanding of the genes involved in the accumulation of protein in the grain. A gene with a large effect on GPC was detected on the short arm of chromosome 6B in a Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides accession from Israel (DIC, hereafter). During the previous BARD project we constructed a half-million clones Bacterial Artificial Chromosome (BAC) library of tetraploid wheat including the high GPC allele from DIC and mapped the GPC-B1 locus within a 0.3-cM interval. Our long-term goal is to provide a better understanding of the genes controlling grain protein content in wheat. The specific objectives of the current project were to: (1) complete the positional cloning of the GPC-B1 candidate gene; (2) characterize the allelic variation and (3) expression profile of the candidate gene; and (4) validate this gene by using a transgenic RNAi approach to reduce the GPC transcript levels. To achieve these goals we constructed a 245-kb physical map of the GPC-B1 region. Tetraploid and hexaploid wheat lines carrying this 245-kb DIC segment showed delayed senescence and increased GPC and grain micronutrients. The complete sequencing of this region revealed five genes. A high-resolution genetic map, based on approximately 9,000 gametes and new molecular markers enabled us to delimit the GPC-B1 locus to a 7.4-kb region. Complete linkage of the 7.4-kb region with earlier senescence and increase in GPC, Zn, and Fe concentrations in the grain suggested that GPC-B1 is a single gene with multiple pleiotropic effects. The annotation of this 7.4-kb region identified a single gene, encoding a NAC transcription factor, designated as NAM-B1. Allelic variation studies demonstrated that the ancestral wild wheat allele encodes a functional NAC transcription factor whereas modern wheat varieties carry a non-functional NAM-B1 allele. Quantitative PCR showed that transcript levels for the multiple NAMhomologues were low in flag leaves prior to anthesis, after which their levels increased significantly towards grain maturity. Reduction in RNA levels of the multiple NAMhomologues by RNA interference delayed senescence by over three weeks and reduced wheat grain protein, Zn, and Fe content by over 30%. In the transgenic RNAi plants, residual N, Zn and Fe in the dry leaves was significantly higher than in the control plants, confirming a more efficient nutrient remobilization in the presence of higher levels of GPC. The multiple pleiotropic effects of NAM genes suggest a central role for these genes as transcriptional regulators of multiple processes during leaf senescence, including nutrient remobilization to the developing grain. The cloning of GPC-B1 provides a direct link between the regulation of senescence and nutrient remobilization and an entry point to characterize the genes regulating these two processes. This may contribute to their more efficient manipulation in crops and translate into food with enhanced nutritional value. The characterization of the GPC-B1 gene will have a significant impact on wheat production in many regions of the world and will open the door for the identification of additional genes involved in the accumulation of protein in the grain.
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Colletti, Lisa M. Validation and Verification of the Correct Operation of the Spectro RS23 UV-VIS spectrometer used in ANC122 and NF-ANC122. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1079964.
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Colletti, Lisa Michelle. Validation and Verification of the Correct Operation of the Thermo Fisher Scientific’s Genesys 10S spectrometer used in ANC122 and NF-ANC122. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239065.
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