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Lorente-Ayala, Jose Miguel, Natalia Vila-Lopez, and Ines Kuster-Boluda. "How can NGOs prevent volunteers from quitting? The moderating role of the NGO type." Management Decision 58, no. 2 (November 21, 2019): 201–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-04-2019-0531.
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Purpose The rise of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) during the last decades has made the volunteer a key element. Motivation and satisfaction have been indicated as predictive indices of their retention. The purpose of this paper is twofold. On the one hand, it seeks to better understand the motivations of the volunteers, addressing the effects of such motivations. On the other hand, it analyses whether the intensity of such antecedents and effects differs depending on the type of NGO with which they work: generalist vs specialist. Design/methodology/approach A study with 847 volunteers from different types of NGOs was done using structural modelling methodology and multi-sample analysis. Findings The type of NGO moderates the relationship between the satisfaction of the volunteer and the intention to recommend. Practical implications Given that in specialist NGOs the impact of satisfaction on the intention to recommend is significantly stronger than in generalist NGOs, making sure that volunteers are satisfied becomes a priority in this type of NGO. In this regard, satisfaction studies among volunteers could be conducted periodically to detect crisis situations and implement improvement actions to recover satisfaction in the occupied position. Originality/value First, to date, the motivations of the volunteer have been investigated from different disciplines, the self-determination theory (SDT) being an important motivational theory widely used in areas such as social, education and sports psychology. However, there is little research from a marketing approach to understand the background of the motivations of volunteers under this conceptual framework provided by the SDT. Second, there is also a scarcity of literature linking the motivations of a volunteer with the emotions they may feel, ultimately achieving consolidated lasting links with the NGO in which they are integrated. Third, most research on volunteering to date has focused on differentiating volunteers from non-volunteers and understanding the reasons for volunteering. However, the presence of studies on the differences in the motivation of the same according to the type of NGO with which they collaborate has been scarce.
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Akbulut, Onur, and Yakin Ekin. "Perceptions of tourism-related non-governmental organization (NGO) managers in Antalya." Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes 11, no. 5 (October 14, 2019): 594–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/whatt-06-2019-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the perceptions of tourism-related non-governmental organization (NGO) managers on overtourism trends in Antalya, Turkey. Design/methodology/approach Focus group study was implemented and three focus group interviews were undertaken with 34 NGO managers in total as a sample. The population of the research consisted of 65 tourism-related NGO managers in Antalya. Findings The results of the research reveal that Antalya was perceived as neither in a tourism development stage nor afflicted by overtourism by NGO managers. NGOs are one of the major stakeholders in the tourism industry, and hence their perceptions of overtourism would probably be the stimulating force for further sustainable development in the destination. Research limitations/implications The limitation is that the research was realized voluntarily by 34 NGOs in Antalya. It would have been better to have more volunteer respondents. Practical implications The viewpoints of stakeholders about their perceptions of tourism development in Antalya would be a helpful next step to refer back to practitioners so as to develop further strategic plans from their perspectives. Social implications As social exchange theory states, communities benefiting from tourism development will support further improvement in tourism. Hence, in their role as spokespersons for the community, the perceptions of NGOs will influence decision-makers to draw implications from the study for wider consideration. Originality/value As a consequence, a model was proposed according to the results of the research. The findings of the research paper highlight the evolution of high-flow tourism in the destination.
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Sleegers, Peter. "Understanding school-NGO partnerships." Journal of Educational Administration 57, no. 4 (July 8, 2019): 322–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jea-03-2019-0053.
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Purpose In the author’s reflection on the special issue, the author will start with a brief discussion of the different theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions of the articles. In addition, the author will argue that the challenge for research on school–non-governmental organization (NGO) interactions is to move beyond the use of a myriad of conceptual models to a more coherent framework to better understand what system and nonsystem actors do, how they do it and how the broader institutional system enables or constrains collective action. The author concludes with some suggestions for future research. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the author reflects on the design and findings of articles that focus on the involvement of non-governmental or third sector organizations in education. Findings By taking up these different themes, the articles reported in this special issue help the author to get a better picture of the growing plurality and power of third sector organizations and their interactions with schools. The work also raises questions about the legitimacy of NGOs in education, the weakening of democratic control over public schooling and the possible role of private interests and the concentration of power in facilitating equal opportunities for all students and promoting educational excellence. Given their methodological designs, the studies make an important contribution to our understanding of what nonsystem actors do and how they interact with schools. Research limitations/implications By using a neoinstitutional framework, the research on school–NGO interactions will be informed by a coherent conceptual framework that conceives school systems as open systems and focuses on the intersection of instruction and organization, while simultaneously treating the system as the relevant unit of analysis (see Cohen et al., 2018). The works of Glazer et al. and Peurach et al. reported in this special issue are good examples of the kind of research that is needed. Following this work, future studies into the involvement of third sector organizations in education using a neoinstitutinal lens should give careful attention to historical analysis and also need to examine changes over a longer period of time as new institutionalized patterns do not emerge quickly and “interact with the hand of history in shaping instruction” (Peurach et al., p. 25). Practical implications The articles in this special issue may prompt more researchers to inquire school–NGO interactions and push future research efforts to understand the complex picture of increasing institutional diversity from a more neoinstitutional perspective. Findings from these cross-national studies, with careful attention to historical analysis of the intersection between organization and instruction, may help the author to develop a theory of design (Rowan and Miskel, 1999) that can provide practitioners with tools to redesign and change the regulative, normative and cognitive mechanisms that constrain and enable collective action. Originality/value Different studies have examined how policy decisions emerge and are implemented, and how this affects the “technical core” of schools (Cohen and Hill, 2001; Hiebert et al., 2005). However, most of these studies have predominantly focused on the vertical interactions between formal system actors at the state, district and school levels to analyze how policy decisions are shaped as they move through the multilayered system. Little attention has been paid to the horizontal exchange relations between the public policy system and NGOs and how these connections influence management and instruction (Coburn, 2005; Rowan, 2006). Given the increasing institutional diversity, conflicting trends and dilemmas school systems are faced with, scholars have emphasized the need to develop an understanding of the role the educational infrastructure can play in supporting improvement (Cohen and Moffitt, 2010; Cohen et al., 2018).
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Diaz, Daniel A., and Christopher J. Rees. "Checks and balances? Leadership configurations and governance practices of NGOs in Chile." Employee Relations: The International Journal 42, no. 5 (April 2, 2020): 1159–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/er-08-2019-0327.
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PurposeThe emergence of Governance practices in the non-governmental organisation (NGO) sector has become associated with increasingly high levels of organisational complexity. In the light of an expanding civil society sector in Chile and the emergence of formalised governance practices, this paper explores the construction of the Executive Director role in Chilean NGOs with reference to organisational functions, organisational dynamics, and external influences.Design/methodology/approachGrounded theory is used to explore qualitative data derived from a set of N = 39 interviews conducted in Chile These interviews involve NGO founders, funders, Executive Directors, scholars, consultants, and team members.FindingsThe findings reveal the pivotal role played by Executive Directors in conducting organisational activities which, in other types of organisations, are often distributed across various organisational functions. The data also highlight complex dynamics involving overt compliance with external regulatory requirements, uncertainties about financial sustainability, the recruitment of Executive Board members, the exercise of power by Executive Directors, and the influence of founders in leadership configurations.Research limitations/implicationsThe implications of the study are discussed in relation to the governance and accountability of NGOs, the nature of the Executive Director role, the purpose of Executive Boards in the NGO sector, and the recruitment and training of Board members. It is noted that the study was conducted in the NGO sector in Chile; further research is necessary to establish the generalisability of the findings to other contexts.Originality/valueThis paper addresses the shortage of organisational research on NGOs. It contributes by offering analytical perspectives on organisational processes of Leadership and Governance. This paper highlights the relationship between, and interdependency of, those processes.
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Traxler, Albert Anton, Dorothea Greiling, and Hannah Hebesberger. "GRI Sustainability Reporting by INGOs: A Way Forward for Improving Accountability?" VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations 31, no. 6 (March 5, 2018): 1294–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11266-018-9976-z.
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AbstractConsidering that the members of the International Non-Governmental Organizations (INGO) Accountability Charter played a prominent role in initiating the first sector supplement of the Global Reporting Initiative for non-governmental organizations (NGO), the purpose of the paper is to investigate their sustainability reporting (SR) practices in order to evaluate to what extent INGO Charter members comply with this voluntary accountability standard for SR. The empirical analysis is based on a content analysis of sustainability reports. The findings indicate that most of the INGO Charter members are far away from a comprehensive reporting practice. Hence, critical voices could assert that their reporting behavior seems to be more in line with facade building than the idea of providing a comprehensive account. By adapting a multiperspective theoretical discourse about the potential and shortcomings of SR to the NGO context, the study contributes to a field-specific theory-based pluralistic critical evaluation of SR as a major cross-sectoral innovation in voluntary accountability initiatives.
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McCormick, Rachel. "A Qualitative Analysis of the WTO's Role on Trade and Environment Issues." Global Environmental Politics 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 102–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep.2006.6.1.102.
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This article examines the role of the WTO in addressing trade and environment issues and considers how NGO and industry activities could complement this role. I interviewed over seventy experts and analyzed the responses using a grounded theory methodology, and present the findings within the context of existing literature on trade and environment issues. This approach allowed for an interdisciplinary and qualitative analysis of the underlying factors that have contributed to past successes and challenges in dealing with environmental issues within the WTO, as well as assessing current opportunities for progress and identifying misperceptions that could foster increased expectations of what the WTO is able to achieve. I conclude that the role the WTO plays in addressing trade and environment issues will be tested by the outcomes from the Doha round of negotiations, and by the willingness of WTO members to examine past work and identify a way forward. Survey results suggest that increased consideration of NGO perspectives and industry strategies would provide insight into ways of moving forward that are not hindered by political constraints.
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Kopylchak, Bohdan. "Implementation of the concept of strategic management in youth non-govermental organizations." University Economic Bulletin, no. 43 (November 20, 2019): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2306-546x-2019-43-72-79.
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Relevance of the research topic. It is impossible to build a civil society without forming an effective engine of its development in all spheres of the state. In order to take measures in a sphere of youth politics, the public authorities should get support to its subjects including Youth NGO’s. NGO which is able to develop singly and develop subjects around during a long period of time should become a basis for improving youth policy of the state. Such development is only possible with the help of mechanisms and tools of strategic management, which makes this research up-to-date. Formulation of the problem. Strategic management of developing an organisation requires a detailed study from the point of view of development and implementation of management concept. It states mechanisms and tools which should be used in the organisation`s activity. In regard with the fact that development of NGO was forced by both evolutional and revolutionary changes, the possibility of applying the developed concepts of strategic management for the functioning of concrete types of organisations should be critically analysed. Analysis of the last research and publications. Theory of concepts of strategic management was thoroughly reviewed in works by M. Nebava, O. Ratushnyak, V. Ortina, L. Fedulowa, Z. Shershnyova and O. Stoliarenko. In addition to this, researches on strategic management were also considered. In works of A.Tompsom and A.Stricland, K.Prahalad and H.Hamel, I.Nonaka and H.Takeuchi and B.Wernerfeld. Strategic management in NGO’s was considered by M.Zemba, V.Melenivska, O. Hlebushkina, H.Kachura, T.Azarova, L.Abramova etc. However, the implementation of concepts of strategic management in the activity of NGO’s is not studied enough. This causes a need for thorough comprehensive research which requires a detailed analysis of existing concepts and approaches to strategic management. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. It is hard for youth NGO’s in Ukraine to pick up an effective concept of strategic management. It is a result of both operating conditions and absence of thorough theoretical basis so as most of the concepts were developed for the functioning of the commercial organisation. So, the important part of the problem which needs a solution is a definition of main provisions of the concept of strategic management which will meet the needs of development of Youth NGO. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. Among the main objectives of the article which let to approach the solution of the stated problem can be highlighted the necessity of developing a system of methods and tools of strategic management of Youth NGO. On the basis of this system and existing concepts, it is expedient to form a model of a concept of strategic management of Youth NGOs. Method or methodology of conducting research. Methods of system-structural analysis and synthesis, retrospection, dialectical and methods of generalization, grouping, comparison and other methods became a methodological basis of the article. Presentation of the main material (results of the work). The article considers the necessity of using the paradigm of strategic management for the development of the organization. The system of methods and tools of strategic management of youth non-governmental organizations is developed. The stages of development of the concepts of strategic management are analysed. The link between the strategic objectives of youth non-governmental organizations is determined. The concept of comprehensive strategic management for use by youth non-governmental organizations is proposed. Field of application of the results. Results of this research may be applied during management of the Youth NGO and during the formation of the state’s youth policy according to participants of NGOs in building up the civil society. Conclusions according to the article. Application of the concept of strategic management allows the youth NGOs to change the way of acting from management according to operative tasks to strategic management with the help of a comprehensive approach to perspectives of NGO’s development.
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Claeyé, Frederik. "Contextualising non‐profit management in Sub‐Sahara Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 3, no. 2 (September 14, 2012): 159–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/20400701211264983.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to offer a framework for the analysis of the power dynamics shaping the emergence of hybrid management systems in sub‐Sahara Africa. It aims to achieve this by showing how insights from postcolonial theory can further enrich cross‐cultural management theory.Design/methodology/approachThe mainstream perspectives in current cross‐cultural management literature are reviewed as a basis for the development of a theoretical framework that emphasises cross‐cultural interaction and a consideration of the power dynamics surrounding non‐profit organisations operating in a sub‐Saharan African context is integrated. Drawing on the metaphors of mimicry and hybridity, this paper argues that postcolonial theory offers an avenue for theorising cross‐cultural interaction and the power dynamics surrounding these cross‐cultural encounters. Examples chosen from the author's ongoing work in the NGO sector in the Eastern Cape, South Africa serve as illustrations of how the analytical framework might generate insights into the workings of power dynamics shaping the emergence of hybrid ways of managing and organising.FindingsIt is argued that through a focus on interaction and the surrounding power relations, this framework allows for a more contextualised understanding of the emergence of hybrid management systems in non‐profit organisations.Originality/valueThe paper shows that, f cross‐cultural management theory hopes to inform the practice of non‐profit management in sub‐Sahara Africa, it is imperative the power dynamics at work are clearly understood.
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Park, Sung Min, and Min Young Kim. "Antecedents and outcomes of non-profit public service motivation in Korean NPOs." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 5 (August 1, 2016): 777–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-12-2014-0242.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of non-profit service motivation (NPSM) as a cognitive dimension in the enhancement of managerial accountability of Korean NGO employees. Hypotheses and a research model were designed to determine the antecedent and consequence factors of NPSM from the perspective of the self-determinants theory, social learning theory, and social exchange theory. Design/methodology/approach – This study relies on quantitative data obtained from Korean NGO survey questionnaires. The sample consists of 400 employees working for NGOs. The performance evaluations were conducted within a one-year period. Findings – Results of the study demonstrate that training and development are the keys to leading employees’ value congruence and motivation. The authors also confirmed that person-organizational (P-O) fit is directly associated with NPSM. Finally, intrinsically motivated NGO employees would boost the level of managerial accountability among the Korean NGO employees through organization and socialization. Research limitations/implications – Through applying Perry’s original public service motivation (PSM) scale including rational, normative, and affective values, the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed that the constructs of NPSM were valid and reliable in the Korean NGOs. Additionally, it might also explain the locus of causality of self-determination theory, and how it changes people’s motivation. Finally, the authors confirmed that organizational systems are notable in terms of increasing P-O fit, strengthening intrinsic motivation, and increasing organizational consequences. Practical implications – This study confirms that human resource development (HRD) practices and performance management system (PMS) act as very effective managerial tools for nurturing positive and constructive social exchange relationships between organizational constituents, and for developing human resources in the NGOs. This is evident in cases of individuals being given extensive participation rights when it comes to decision making (Leana et al., 1992; Mayer and Schoorman, 1998). The benefit of this reality is twofold: it strengthens individuals’ perceptions of self, fostering intrinsic motivation, and it also acts as a buffer of sorts between individuals and external pressures, weakening extrinsic motivation. Social implications – There exists a notion that well-made organizational systems and policies should be regarded as more important because certain informal or relational social interactions and communications (e.g. HRD programs) or PMS policies (e.g. service monitoring systems, finance monitoring systems, and HR and organizational monitoring systems) prevail in the cultural characteristics of NGOs. Based on this notion, allowing P-O fit, intrinsic motives, and accountable behaviors to function as invisible but very persuasive norms, rules, and informal regulations for leaders and subordinates will help make NGOs successful. Originality/value – Given that most Korean non-profit organizations are very small and lack formal HR departments or functions, it is possible that this lack of formality has been somewhat responsible for the shortage of research on the outstanding aspects and issues surrounding non-profit HR management and the motivation of non-profit employees. However, as the non-profit sector has become more professionalized and specialized in terms of training, development, and identity, the need to understand HR issues and employee motivation is vital to improve both employee management and organizational strategies. The aim of this research is to further the understanding of what makes the non-profit workforce distinct. The authors believe that the similarities in terms of motivation for public and non-profit employees allowed us to use a modified version of Perry’s (1996) scale in the study to examine NPSM. However, drawing on these various and diverse perspectives on PSM and NPSM, especially in the Korean context, the authors define NPSM as “intrinsically and voluntarily driven attitudes and dispositions that lead to more service delivery, fundraising, and volunteering activities in the non-profit agencies.”
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Mahajan, Aarushi, and Gopalakrishnan Narayanamurthy. "Balgran: solving issues of an NGO in Jammu and Kashmir." Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 11, no. 2 (May 17, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-07-2020-0272.
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Learning outcomes The learning outcomes have been prepared in accordance with Bloom’s Taxonomy (Bloom et al., 1956). After completing the case, the students shall be able to do the following: • describe the challenges faced by the not-for-profit, non-governmental and voluntary organizations operating at a local level in a conflict-ridden zone (knowledge). • Explain the key features, roles and typologies associated with non-governmental organizations (NGOs) (comprehension), apply such typologies to specific organizations (application) and differentiate between social enterprises and NGOs (analysis). • Analyse various scaling-up techniques and infer the technique(s) used or can be potentially used by a particular organization (analysis). • Synthesize different elements of the organizational environment and reflect on the potential influence of these elements on an organization (synthesis). • Develop frameworks by applying institutional theory and motivations for volunteerism to map challenges of organizational legitimacy and volunteer turnover, respectively, as well as make recommendations to tackle these challenges (synthesis and evaluation) • Develop recommendations for the problems faced by not-for-profit voluntary NGOs (evaluation). Case overview/synopsis Balgran, a local not-for-profit non-governmental voluntary organization operating in the conflict-ridden state of Jammu and Kashmir (J&K), India was established in the year 1975 to empower destitute, orphans, abandoned and socially handicapped children. Since its inception, Balgran has expanded its services at a rapid pace including Bal Bharti public school, health care centre, vocational training and a computer centre. Mr A.K. Khajuria, President of Balgran, was concerned about the high turnover of the voluntary staff, mistrust among the potential donors concerning fund management of NGOs and inadequate funding. Mr Khajuria after a few failed attempts at resolving these issues, called for a meeting of the members of the governing body in February 2019 to decide the future plan of action to resolve these issues. Through this case, the students can understand the challenges faced by local NGOs in general and unique challenges (mistrust among potential donors) faced by NGOs operating in conflict-ridden areas such as J&K. The students will be able to enhance their skills in brainstorming and making recommendations while framing possible solutions to the challenges faced by Balgran. The case seeks to enable the students to comprehend the features and typologies associated with NGOs; the role played by local NGOs in community development; differences between social enterprises and NGOs; scaling-up techniques and paths with special reference to local NGOs and the environmental factors that can potentially influence the operation of NGOs. Complexity academic level This case is suitable for undergraduate and graduate-level students learning social entrepreneurship, social work and management of alternate organizations such as NGOs. This case could be used to discuss concepts related to not-for-profit organizations operating in voluntary settings. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Subject code CSS 3: Entrepreneurship.
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Lu, Yi, Lai Wei, Binxin Cao, and Jianqiang Li. "Participatory child-centered disaster risk reduction education: an innovative Chinese NGO program." Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal 30, no. 3 (June 11, 2021): 293–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-03-2020-0066.
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PurposeDisaster risk reduction (DRR) researchers and practitioners have found that schools can play a critical role in DRR education, with many Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) developing initiatives to actively involve children in DRR education programs. This paper reports on a case study on an innovative Chinese NGO school-based program focused on participatory child-centered DRR (PCC-DRR) education, from which a PCC-DRR education framework was developed so that similar programs could be replicated, especially in developing countries.Design/methodology/approachAfter nearly a year of research involving follow-up interviews, fieldwork and secondary data collection from annual reports, news reports and official websites, a case study was conducted on the PCC-DRR education program developed by the One Foundation (OF), a resource-rich NGO in China, that focused on its education strategies and project practice in Ya'an following the 2013 Lushan earthquake.FindingsBased on constructivist theory, the OF developed a PCC-DRR education program that had four specific branches: teacher capacity building, child DRR education, campus risk management and campus safety culture, which was then implemented in 115 schools and consequently evaluated as being highly effective.Originality/valueThe innovative OF PCC-DRR education program adds to theoretical and practical DRR education research as a “best practice” case. Because the proposed framework is child-centered, participatory and collaborative, it provides excellent guidance and reference for countries seeking to develop school-based DRR education programs.
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Brooks, Kathryn J., Robert I. Wakefield, and Kenneth D. Plowman. "Activism, prosocial public relations and negotiation: the case of St Vincent de Paul." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 23, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-10-2016-0072.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the propositions of activism and prosocial public relations that an organization will engage in non-confrontational (prosocial) public relations and negotiation by building up internal resources, reaching out to target publics, and making connections to a cause to gain visibility and support. Design/methodology/approach This study was a single embedded case study that explored the public relations and communication tactics of a non-profit organization (NGO). Findings Observations from the case study support the proposition. This study begins to establish some of the public relations methods of how a successful prosocial NGO can successfully engage its publics through activism and negotiation. Research limitations/implications A single embedded case study is not generalizable to a population but is generalizable to theory so it is trustworthy and replicable when using a similar organization studying the same concepts in this paper. Practical implications An organization can reach out to publics through publicity, promotion, and information to raise the visibility of the organization and encourage active participation. The organization increased support for its cause and helped to establish the reputation of the organization as a legitimate, trustworthy and effective establishment. The study further uncovered nurturing relationships as an additional fourth element to the process of prosocial public relations. Social implications Activism, prosocial public relations and negotiation in corporate communications and in this case a non-profit can apply to increase well-being and society conditions. Originality/value This study is the only one of its kind to apply activism, prosocial public relations and negotiation theory to a practical case using a non-profit entity.
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Valério de Godoy Delmonico, Diego, Hugo Henrique dos Santos, Octaviano Rojas Luiz, João Victor Rojas Luiz, Bárbara Stolte Bezerra, and Rosane Aparecida Gomes Battistelle. "Barriers to Corporate Social Responsibility: perceptions of a leading non-governmental organization." Revista Gestão da Produção Operações e Sistemas 15, no. 4 (November 24, 2020): 01–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15675/gepros.v15i4.2706.
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Purpose – This paper aims to identify the main barriers to the development of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the view of a leading Non-governmental Organization (NGO). The proposed methodology evaluates the importance attached to different classes of barriers to CSR from a privileged perspective of a Brazilian NGO. Theoretical framework – This research was based on the current theory of barriers to CSR initiatives and multicriteria decision making. Design/methodology/approach – The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was used for the assessment and prioritization of barriers to CSR through expert opinion. Ranking stability was tested by sensitivity analysis of the assigned weights. Findings – The results indicate that the main barrier is the lack of top management commitment. By contrast, the least determinant barriers were the lack of social auditing, diversity, and customer awareness. Originality/value – The article contributes by extending the application of multiple-criteria decision-making methods to CSR and evaluating the relative importance of the barriers. This study also offers empirical results that extend the discussion on barriers to social responsibility, guiding managers and decision makers who lead CSR initiatives in organizations to understand which barriers should be overcome, and where to spend managerial effort on. Keywords - Analytic hierarchy process; Multicriteria decision making; CSR; Non-governmental organizations; Sustainable development.
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Baur, Dorothea, and Guido Palazzo. "The Moral Legitimacy of NGOs as Partners of Corporations." Business Ethics Quarterly 21, no. 4 (October 2011): 579–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq201121437.
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ABSTRACT:Partnerships between companies and NGOs have received considerable attention in CSR in the past years. However, the role of NGO legitimacy in such partnerships has thus far been neglected. We argue that NGOs assume a status as special stakeholders of corporations which act on behalf of the common good. This role requires a particular focus on their moral legitimacy. We introduce a conceptual framework for analysing the moral legitimacy of NGOs along three dimensions, building on the theory of deliberative democracy. Against this background we outline three procedural characteristics which are essential for judging the legitimacy of NGOs as potential or actual partners of corporations.
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Adderley, Simon, and Duane Mellor. "Who's influencing whom? Developing sustainable business partnerships." EuroMed Journal of Business 9, no. 1 (April 29, 2014): 60–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-06-2013-0033.
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Purpose – Recently David Jones in Who Cares Wins proposed sustainability as being essential for businesses success over the coming decades. The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the development of a partnership between an environmental non-government organisation (NGO) (world wildlife fund-UK) and a major retailer (Marks and Spencer). The partnership developed three “types”, sponsorship, technical and communication partnerships. Design/methodology/approach – A grounded theory approach was taken; information was gathered using semi-structured interviews. Data from these interviews were then triangulated with corporate materials to allow generalisations to develop. Findings – Through the three “types” of partnership themes of conflict and project drift were identified, although the overarching “Plan A” commitment is seen as a potential exemplar in sustainability. Difficulties were identified with respect to the dissemination of the outputs from the partnership, some of which were too complex, where others appeared to change to be more appealing to the consumer. Social implications – Although a single case study, it highlights the challenges and benefits to both partners. As such, it provides insight into the practical issues of delivering sustainability commitments and projects in partnership. Such approaches are critical not only for the viability of business, but also for the long-term health of our planet. Originality/value – This represents a case study of the development of a sustainable partnership between a large corporate and an NGO, which could represent a template for sustainable business. This paper in responds to the growing demand for such case-study examples.
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Brechin, Steven R., and Osmany Salas. "Government-NGO Networks & Nature Conservation in Belize: Examining the Theory of the Hollow State in a Developing Country Context." Journal of Natural Resources Policy Research 3, no. 3 (July 2011): 263–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19390459.2011.591754.
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Dyck, Bruno, and Bruno S. Silvestre. "A Novel NGO Approach to Facilitate the Adoption of Sustainable Innovations in Low-Income Countries: Lessons from Small-scale Farms in Nicaragua." Organization Studies 40, no. 3 (January 24, 2018): 443–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840617747921.
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There are about 500 million small-scale farms in low-income countries on the planet. Farmers have been slow to adopt a threefold set of sustainable agronomic practices known as “conservation agriculture” (CA) that have been shown to double productivity. Our study of a novel CA project in Nicaragua, organized based on principles that counter convention, may point to improved ways of understanding and managing sustainable innovations in low-income countries. In particular, by connecting core ideas from the innovation literature to the literature that explores the role of intermediaries such as NGOs, our case study suggests that the efficacy of NGOs to facilitate the adoption of sustainable innovations by small-scale farmers in these settings may be enhanced if NGOs employ non-centrist approaches in order to address the critical uncertainties associated with such innovations. We discuss how our findings contradict some of long-standing arguments in the literature, and their implications for theory and practice.
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Abur, Hilder A., Peter K’Obonyo, and Anne Omamo. "Expatriate Employees’ Perception Of Challenges In Their Work Environment In The Ngo Sector In Nairobi Kenya." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 3, no. 12 (December 31, 2015): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol3.iss12.496.
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This study examined how expatriate employees perceive the challenges in their work environment in the NGO sector in Nairobi, Kenya. The study question was “how do expatriate employees’ workings in the NGOs sector in Kenya perceive the challenges in their work environment?” The study was anchored on person-environment fit theory and the culture shock theory of adaptation to explain the strategies employed by expatriate employees to cope with challenges in their work environment. The research design used was a descriptive survey with a target population of 2394 NGOs based in Nairobi, Kenya. The study sample consisted of 120 expatriates, although only 84 participated in the final study drawn from 60 NGOs. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data was analyzed using SPSS. The result showed that expatriate employees working in the Kenyan NGOs respond to challenges in their work environment by finding a fit between the Kenyan culture and that of their countries. However, sometimes there is a big clash between the two cultures which makes it difficult for the expatriates to adjust well. Some have devised some strategies to interact with the locals that have improved their communication skills and ability to work on the assignments. In cases where conversing in the local languages has been a challenge, the expatriates have sought the help of locals as interpreters. Some expatriates accompanied by their families to provide psychological support. The study therefore recommends that since the expatriate employees seem to have integrated well into the Kenya society, they can be a great source of strength to those who are taking up new assignments in this country -Kenya. The future studies could focus on how the extent of expatriate employees ‘adjustment to the conditions in the host country affects their performance. In addition, they are a source of transmission of management ‘know-how’. This makes them a strong pillar as the local employees rely on their explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge to manage the NGOs even after their repatriation.
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Saktisyahputra, Saktisyahputra. "Pemanfaatan Website WWW.Pulokambing.Com Sebagai Media Rumah Kreatif Bersatu Nusantara (RKBN) Pulokambing Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat." Jurnal Komunitas : Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 1, no. 2 (January 30, 2019): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31334/jks.v2i1.287.
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Along with the development of information technology which is now increasingly rapid, thus changing the way humans human ways of conveying information. At present various information has used internet media as a supporting medium between humans and other humans. Following these developments, Pulokambing Archipelago United Creative House (RKBN) also utilizes by changing the promotion system and conventional community empowerment system using a website as a promotional medium in empowering the community to disseminate information about the Non Governmental Organization (NG) which aims to promote its products and services. By carrying out the Public Relations strategy in managing the website, This NGO hopes that there will be progress in terms of promotion and community empowerment. The purpose of this study is to determine the utilization and strategies used by Public Relations to increase the number of website visitors. The object in this study is the website www.pulokambing.com with a research approach using (IMC) Integrated Marketing Communication Theory, Qualitative case study methods, constructivist paradigms, while for data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation.The results of the study indicate that the use of the www.pulokambing.com website as a promotional medium in introducing products and services online. And improve the image of the NGO. In addition, community empowerment programs at Pulokambing RKBN such as the Unified KSPSS Cooperative in Pulokambing relatives, Pulokambing kinship farmers (PKPK), Waste Bank Management and Pulokambing Education Tourism strengthen the Website www.pulokambing.com.
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Mishra, Pavitra, Rajen Gupta, and Jyotsna Bhatnagar. "Grounded theory research." Qualitative Research Journal 14, no. 3 (November 4, 2014): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrj-01-2013-0001.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the phenomenon of work-to-family enrichment in totality. Using grounded theory, the study aims to understand antecedents, moderators, and consequences of work-to-family enrichment. This study also investigates strategies adopted by individuals to enhance their work-family enrichment experience. Design/methodology/approach – The paper opted for an exploratory study using the open-ended approach of grounded theory. This paper builds a model to understand the phenomenon by applying Strauss and Corbin's (1990) “paradigm model” approach of grounded theory. The paper throws light on the key tenets of grounded theory research and explains use of grounded theory as a rigorous method for business research. Data were collected by taking 24 in-depth interviews with employees representing middle management segment of consulting, IT and FMCG firms in India. Findings – This study reports “perceived work-family culture” of an organization as an antecedent of “work-to-family enrichment.” It also finds “community resources” and “family role salience” as significant contributors in enriching the experience of professionals. Work-to-family enrichment experience has positive influence on “employer brand attraction” and “organizational citizenship behavior” and has negative influence on “intention to quit.” The study has also added to the literature by identifying Psychological Capital as one of the consequences. The study has highlighted segmentation, i.e. by maintaining work and family boundaries, support from extended family members or close friends, engaging in activities that provides happiness and personal peace like being a part of NGO, time management and scheduling, engaging in shopping and availing community facilities like good day cares as major strategies used by Indian professionals to enhance their work-to-family enrichment. Research limitations/implications – The study demonstrates application of grounded theory for understanding a phenomenon holistically. It is one of its kinds of study conducted to understand work-to-family enrichment. Practical implications – This is a unique study, where attempts have been made to understand and integrate work-to-family enrichment phenomenon in totality. The paper provides insights to the managers about the importance of suitable work-family culture and other factors to ensure successful implementation of work-family policies. The paper also identifies strategies adopted by individuals to attain work-family enrichment. Social implications – Demographic shifts, changing market and economic trends, technological advances and competitive forces have made work-family interface an important issue for both academicians and practitioners. In India, these changes can be experienced in terms of demographic profile of work force. Changes in the definitions of work and family, shifting family structure, changing profile of work (due to technological advancement, women empowerment, etc.) are transforming the work-family interactions in emerging economies. According to Hewitt's Attrition and Retention Asia Pacific Study, the need for a balance between work and personal life has become an integral element of employee's expectations from their work organization. Originality/value – This paper fulfils an identified need to study and explore positive side of work-family interface especially in emerging economies like India. This is the first attempt to study the relationships in the work-family domain from a grounded theory approach in Indian context and probably one of the first few in the literature.
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Singh, Shikha, Shweta Mittal, and Anuraag Awasthi. "Astitva: An Unsustainable Social Entrepreneurship Journey." South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases 10, no. 1 (April 2021): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/22779779211006803.
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Astitva was founded as a not-for-profit organization by Anamika Yaduvanshi, in 2013. The objective of the non-governmental organization (NGO) was to make a visible difference in the lives of disadvantaged sections of the society. Within a short period since its inception, the NGO had positively impacted the lives of individuals and families living in the Wazirpur area. The case helps to understand that even after venturing into vast philanthropic activities, Anamika could not create sustainable livelihoods for the disadvantaged sections of Wazirpur. Is it because of lack of focus on surplus management? The case also helps in understanding the challenges faced by NGOs at ground level. Research questions/Objective: The aim of this study is to explore the nuances of social entrepreneurship. It explores that there should be a balanced approach between social activities that are mostly provided free and generation of surplus to sustain them. The research questions answered are: Has Astitva created a long-term sustainable impact on the lives of marginalized women and children at Wazirpur? Does the business model of Astitva places even stresses on the social activities to engage the participants and generation of financial surplus to sustain the operation? Links to theory: The study is based on the business model canvas of Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010). The model explains that social enterprises should maintain a balance between philanthropy and commercial sense to be productive or else their sustainability is at a risk. Phenomenon studied: Anamika started Astitva with an aim of social transformation. She wanted to make a concrete difference in the lives of disadvantaged sections of the society as well as contribute in their integration with the mainstream society. Case context: The case can be discussed from the angle of business model of a sustainable entrepreneurship and what may go wrong in making a social enterprise successful. Since Anamika had not prepared any blueprint of plan of action, she faced several challenges. Findings: An entrepreneur driven by community spirit should not start working without creating a road map of generation of funds to support the social activities. Working model of Astitva is laden with lack of planning and absence of long-term vision that failed to create a sustainable livelihood generation for the marginalized women and children. Discussions: The case provokes students to study the need to start a sustainable social enterprise driven by community spirit to uplift the lives of a marginalized section of women and children. Further, the case challenges students to identify the streams of revenue generation and deployment in a business model of a social enterprise to make it sustainable.
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Han, Jiyoon (Karen), and Sung-Un Yang. "Investigating the role of non-governmental organizations in new public diplomacy." Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 27, no. 2 (November 20, 2017): 196–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.27.2.03han.
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Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine the role of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) as a part of new public diplomacy. The study specifically investigates NGO’s use of soft power and social media and how they collaborate with the government. This study utilizes qualitative analysis to investigate how an NGO called the Voluntary Agency Network of Korea (VANK) influences the national reputation of South Korea. In-depth interviews were conducted with VANK employees and officers from Korean government agencies who have expertise in promoting Seoul, South Korea, and Korean culture and have previously collaborated with VANK. Findings show that VANK shares functional roles with the government to convey positive information about South Korea based on boundary-spanning theory. VANK specifically demonstrates expertise in correcting misconceptions about Korea online and implanting positive images of Korea to foreigners by actively employing its extensive networks, social media, and soft power.
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Barker, Jo, and Paul Anderson. "Organisational change: a methodologyto uncover the business idea." Australian Health Review 24, no. 2 (2001): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah010045.
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A study was undertaken to identify the "Business Idea", as defined by van der Heijden (1996), in The FamilyPlanning Association of WA Inc (FPWA) which is a Non-Government Organisation (NGO) in Perth, WesternAustralia. This organisation was chosen as, along with many other NGOs, it was undergoing major changes in itsfunding, role and required outcomes.A qualitative interpretivist single case study methodology employing grounded theory research principles and methodswas used to study the Business Idea framework in this setting. Thirty-four members of FPWA's staff were interviewedand data was managed using NUD*IST4 and Decision Explorer data storage, data retrieval and graphicalreproduction facilities.Results indicated that images of the Business Idea model within FPWA were largely consistent across all staff levelsexcepting members of the Board of Management. Changes within the organisation were impacting heavily on staff,who needed to be assisted over the transitional phase. Strong leadership and corporate direction were identified asessential if the FPWA was to balance the strongly held sense of social justice amongst its staff with a need for greaterproductivity, efficiency and accountability across the organisation.
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Respitawulan, Anggraeni. "ANALISIS OPEN GOVERNMENT PADA DIREKTORAT JENDEREAL ENERGI BARU, TERBARUKAN DAN KONSERVASI ENERGI, KEMENTERIAN ENERGI DAN SUMBER DAYA MINERAL REPUBLIK INDONESIA." NATAPRAJA 7, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/jnp.v7i2.21901.
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The change paradign in energy demand side and supply side management make goverment should think creatively to increase nergy national mix 23% at 2025 with new and renewable energy development programme. This research aims to describe the open goverment strategy condition in new and renewable energy development programme use kualitatif method through interview and observation. In general pelaksaan open government have on the directorate general ebtke has been implemented in terms of planning, implementation and supervision activities. This reseach find that new and renewable energy programme basically has a good platform, proven from a lot of using information and technology to support the programme. But unfortunately many platform are not used optimally to increase tranparency, participation and collaboration as a open goverment theory to the new and renenwable energy programme. In the transparency aspect informatio technology has used to broadcast information, in participation aspect, public has no access to policy formulation. While in the collaboration aspect show with many cooperation between goverment, private sector, public, NGO and other institution or country in various new and renewable energy programme.
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Sosa-Díaz, María José, and María Rosa Fernández-Sánchez. "Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) within the Framework of International Developmental Cooperation as a Strategy to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 10187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122310187.
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Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) offer the opportunity to implement a quality education timetable for those who lack the means due to economic, travel, or temporary availability limitations. Because of this, some non-governmental development organizations (NGOs), working in Latin American countries, are trying to implement this type of educational model within their educational projects. This article presents a case study on the development of a MOOC within the framework of international development cooperation carried out by an NGO and the National Autonomous University of Nicaragua. The research aims to analyze the opportunities and challenges of free, open, online teaching as a tool for achieving Sustainable Development Goal 4, and explore new educational possibilities to train people and contribute to the development of the communities in which they live. From a qualitative approach, grounded theory has been used as a holistic methodology for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data, allowing the generation of theory in a systematic way. The most effective pedagogical models are evidenced to achieve the learning objectives and observe the challenges to be faced in order to achieve the effectiveness of MOOCs in this context. In conclusion, more applied research is needed to address the challenges that today’s societies, in times of pandemic, are facing at an educational and sustainability level.
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Dagane, Mohamed, and Allan Kihara. "FINANCIAL CONTROL PRACTICES AND FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY OF NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION IN GARISSA COUNTY, KENYA." International Journal of Finance 6, no. 3 (September 25, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.685.
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Purpose: The current study sought to establish how financial control practices influences financial sustainability of Non-Governmental Organization in Garissa County, Kenya. The study specifically sought to establish how financial reporting, financial monitoring, financial audits and financial risk assessment influences financial sustainability of NGOs.
Methodology: The study was anchored on the following theories: Agency Theory, Liquidity Trade-Off Theory, Cash Management Theory And The Rent Theory of Profitability. The study employed a descriptive survey research design and targeted 50 Non-Governmental Organizations operating in Garissa County. The unit of observation comprised of one finance manager and one operational manager from each of the NGO. Both primary and secondary data were used in the study. Structured questionnaires were used in collecting the data. The study employed both inferential and descriptive statistics to analyze the collected data. Both SPSS software and MS Excel was used in generating the statistics. The study conducted a pilot study in 10 NGOs from Wajir County to assess the reliability and validity of the data collection instrument. The results of the study were presented in form of figures and tables.
Results: The results of the study revealed that financial reporting, financial monitoring, financial audits and financial risk assessment impacts financial sustainability of NGOs to a positive and significant level as shown by Beta value of 0.317, 0.213, 0.447 and 0.376 respectively. This implies that increase in one unit of each of the variables results to an increase in the financial sustainability levels of NGOs with the respective beta values.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice The study recommended that there is a need for the NGOs operating in Garissa County to enhance their financial reporting practices, financial monitoring practices, financial audit practices and financial risk assessment practices since the practices bears a positive and a significant effect on financial sustainability of the organization.
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von Meding, Jason, Lukumon Oyedele, and John Bruen. "Linking Organisational Competency to Project Success in Post-Disaster Reconstruction." Open House International 39, no. 3 (September 1, 2014): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-03-2014-b0002.
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This paper sets out in the context of three strands of knowledge; disaster management, strategic management and project management and builds upon the authors’ (2009) theory for the delivery of post-disaster reconstruction (PDR) projects. With the expected increase in the magnitude and frequency of natural disasters in coming years, more people than ever will be faced with PDR scenarios. In many cases, non-government organisations (NGOs) are in a position to make interventions to improve conditions for people facing the impacts of disasters and it is essential that responding agencies deploy appropriate configurations of competencies to mitigate project barriers. Using a mixed-methods approach, a study incorporated four case studies in post-tsunami Sri Lanka and four case studies in post-cyclone Sidr Bangladesh. Exploratory interviews with expert NGO participants were combined with direct observations and the collection of quantitative survey data. The mechanisms and phenomena observed within the case studies contributed to the development of a conceptual theoretical framework. The study reveals that NGOs face barriers in seven key areas and that they must deploy certain configurations of organisational and operational competencies in order to effectively develop and implement strategies to address these barriers. The theoretical framework demonstrates how the utilisation of these competencies, deployed in targeted clusters, has the potential to create positive outcomes for beneficiaries as measured by PDR Project Success Indicators (PDRPSIs). If dynamic tools can be developed that effectively model competency and predict success, all organisations involved in disaster response and recovery could benefit. In addition, the knowledge is highly transferable to other sectors and environments.
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Roberts, J. Timmons, Bradley C. Parks, and Alexis A. Vásquez. "Who Ratifies Environmental Treaties and Why? Institutionalism, Structuralism and Participation by 192 Nations in 22 Treaties." Global Environmental Politics 4, no. 3 (August 1, 2004): 22–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1526380041748029.
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International environmental accords have become important mechanisms by which nations make promises to administer natural resources and manage the global environment. Previous studies, relying mainly on single cases or small-n data sets, have shed light on the proximate political causes of participation in these agreements. However, no study has yet systematically explained the deeper social determinants of why nations sign, ignore or resist environmental treaties. We offer a theoretically-sequenced model that exploits complementarities between rational choice institutionalism and world-systems theory. Key variables posited by realists and constructivists are also examined, using a new environmental treaty participation index based on ratifications of 22 major environmental agreements by 192 nations. Cross-sectional OLS regression and path analysis strongly supports the institutionalist claim that credibility—the willingness and ability to honor one's international environmental commit-ments—“matters.” But these measures also lend considerable support to the world-systems hypothesis that state credibility is strongly influenced by a legacy of colonial incorporation into the world economy. Narrow export base—our proxy for disadvantaged position in the world-economy—directly and indirectly (through institutions and civil society strength) explains nearly six-tenths of national propensity to sign environmental treaties. A nation's natural capital, its ecological vulnerability, and international environmental NGO memberships had no explanatory power in the path analysis. Our results indicate that new theoretical, methodological and policy approaches are needed to address structural barriers to international cooperation.
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Wandera, Tom Victor, and Dr Paul Sang. "Financial Management Practices and Sustainability of Non Governmental Organisations Projects in Juba, South Sudan." International Journal of Finance 2, no. 4 (February 15, 2017): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.113.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of financial management challenges on financial sustainability of Non-Governmental Organizations in south Sudan.Methodology: The study used descriptive research design. The target population of the study was all the 112 NGO in South Sudan at July 31st 2015. A census of all the 112 key financial manager personnel was taken since the population is small. Primary data was collected through the administration of the questionnaires. This study generated both qualitative and quantitative data. Data was analyzed mainly by use of descriptive and inferential statistics that is, graphical and numerical methods, measures of central tendencies as well as measures of variability. The particular inferential statistics were regression and correlation analysis. Multiple regression equation was used to determine the strength and directions of the association between the variables with the results.Results: The study findings indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between budget control and the financial sustainability of NGOs in South Sudan. The results also indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between financial reporting and the financial sustainability of NGOs in South Sudan. Also, results found out that there is a significant and positive relationship between income source diversification and the financial sustainability of NGOs in South Sudan. Further, the results indicated that there is a significant and positive relationship between donor relationship management and the financial sustainability of NGOs in South Sudan.Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that budget control activities such as financial resources, competent human resource, and participation of both staff and other stakeholders in the budgeting process, proper planning, evaluation, monitoring and control of the budget process and staff motivation should be fully adopted by NGOs in order to sustain their financials. The study also recommended that income source diversification activities such as charitable donations from individuals and corporations, grants, fees, commission, contracts for service, and sales of goods and should be adopted in order to enhance the financial sustainability of NGOs.
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Ghauri, Pervez, Misagh Tasavori, and Reza Zaefarian. "Internationalisation of service firms through corporate social entrepreneurship and networking." International Marketing Review 31, no. 6 (November 10, 2014): 576–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/imr-09-2013-0196.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how employing corporate social entrepreneurship and developing a network of relationships with non-governmental organisations (NGOs) can support and contribute towards the internationalisation of service firms into the base of the pyramid (BOP) markets in emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach – This research adopts an exploratory approach employing qualitative multiple case studies. Three service firms that have targeted the BOP markets in India were studied. In total, 25 in-depth interviews were conducted with multinational corporations (MNCs) and their NGO partners. Data analysis was facilitated through pattern matching and systematic case comparison. Findings – The findings reveal that, by engaging in social entrepreneurship, these MNCs have focused on the neglected needs of the BOP population, developed sustainable solutions and empowerment, and started with social value creation and postponed value capturing. The pursuit of corporate social entrepreneurship has paved the way for them to establish relationships with NGOs. While the MNCs have mainly had the technical knowledge and financial resources required, collaboration with NGOs have allowed them to learn about the BOP’s specific needs and benefit from the NGOs’ knowledge, human resources and good relationships in this market. Originality/value – This research unravels how service firms can seize opportunities at the BOP. The authors build on social entrepreneurship theory and bring new insights to the field of international business. In addition, the authors broaden the network view and show how networking with social actors such as NGOs enables the mobilisation of resources, actors and activities in emerging markets.
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Gachenge, Lydiah, Thomas Githui, and Robert Gathaiya. "THE EFFECTS OF DONOR FUNDING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH NGOS IN MOMBASA COUNTY." International Journal of Finance 6, no. 3 (September 26, 2021): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/ijf.687.
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Purpose: Local Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) play crucial role in uplifting livelihoods and overall economic development in Kenya. However, several local NGOs have experienced dwindling performance as a result of insufficient donor funding. It is in this vein that the current study assessed the effects of donor funding on the organizational performance of local sexual reproductive health NGOs in Mombasa County. The specific study objectives included; to establish the effect of availability of donor funds, funds management, and capacity building on the performance of local NGOs.
Methodology: The study adopted a descriptive survey research design while the target population was all the employees of sexual reproductive health NGOs in Mombasa County. The study used simple random sampling technique. A structured questionnaire was self-administered to all employees of the 14 NGOs. The study utilized descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis. Diagnostic tests such as normality and multicollinearity were used.
Results: The research found that funds’ management, funds’ availability, capacity building, and government policies had positive relationship with NGOs project performance. The study concludes that NGOs had various sources of funding. It concludes that the NGOs ensured funds’ management by employing qualified accounting staff, embracing openness for regular donor evaluations, ensuring financial disclosures to stakeholders. The study concludes that NGOs’ staff had adequate experience in running projects. It was concluded that there was no level business environment for local NGOs, the available government NGO operation policies were unfriendly and the Co-ordination Act needed improvement.
Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that all NGOs should continue sourcing for multiple reliable funders. The study recommend that all NGOs should uphold proper planning for finances, monitoring, evaluation, and budgeting control to ensure accountability to promote successful completion of projects. The study recommends that NGOs’ staff should be subjected to regular timely task-oriented training.
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Dos Santos, Luis M. "Motivations and Experiences in a Distance Learning-Based Degree Programme: A Case Study from a Community College." Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 10, no. 2 (March 5, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36941/ajis-2021-0036.
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Due to the development of the technologically-assisted teaching and learning approaches and the change of learning behaviours of students, many students decided to start their education in a distance learning-based degree programme at a community college in the United States. Based on the lens of the Social Cognitive Career Theory, the researcher collected qualitative data from 46 traditional-aged students who are currently enrolled in a distance-learning degree programme at a community college. One research question was concerned, which was why would high school graduates (i.e. traditional-aged students) decide to enrol in a distance learning-based associate degree programme at a community college instead of a traditional senior university? The results indicated that financial considerations, and academic and career interests were the biggest concerns of these groups of participants. The outcomes of this study provided the human resources, curriculum development, and workforce plans for government agencies, policymakers, department heads, school leaders, and NGO leaders to reform their policy and regulation in order to absorb the advantages of these groups of future workforces.
Received: 29 November 2020 / Accepted: 25 January 2021 / Published: 5 March 2021
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Rawal, Lal B., Kie Kanda, Tuhin Biswas, Md Imtiaz Tanim, Prakash Poudel, Andre M. N. Renzaho, Abu S. Abdullah, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam, and Syed Masud Ahmed. "Non-communicable disease (NCD) corners in public sector health facilities in Bangladesh: a qualitative study assessing challenges and opportunities for improving NCD services at the primary healthcare level." BMJ Open 9, no. 10 (October 2019): e029562. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029562.
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ObjectiveTo explore healthcare providers’ perspective on non-communicable disease (NCD) prevention and management services provided through the NCD corners in Bangladesh and to examine challenges and opportunities for strengthening NCD services delivery at the primary healthcare level.DesignWe used a grounded theory approach involving in-depth qualitative interviews with healthcare providers. We also used a health facility observation checklist to assess the NCD corners’ service readiness. Furthermore, a stakeholder meeting with participants from the government, non-government organisations (NGOs), private sector, universities and news media was conducted.SettingTwelve subdistrict health facilities, locally known as upazila health complex (UHC), across four administrative divisions.ParticipantsParticipants for the in-depth qualitative interviews were health service providers, namely upazila health and family planning officers (n=4), resident medical officers (n=6), medical doctors (n=4) and civil surgeons (n=1). Participants for the stakeholder meeting were health policy makers, health programme managers, researchers, academicians, NGO workers, private health practitioners and news media reporters.ResultsParticipants reported that diabetes, hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the major NCD-related problems. All participants acknowledged the governments’ initiative to establish the NCD corners to support NCD service delivery. Participants thought the NCD corners have contributed substantially to increase NCD awareness, deliver NCD care and provide referral services. However, participants identified challenges including lack of specific guidelines and standard operating procedures; lack of trained human resources; inadequate laboratory facilities, logistics and medications; and poor recording and reporting systems.ConclusionThe initiative taken by the Government of Bangladesh to set up the NCD corners at the primary healthcare level is appreciative. However, the NCD corners are still at nascent stage to provide prevention and management services for common NCDs. These findings need to be taken into consideration while expanding the NCD corners in other UHCs throughout the country.
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Said, Laila Refiana. "Managing Non-Governmental Organizations to Create Values in the Disruption Era." GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 6, no. 4 (December 5, 2018): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2018.6.4(3).
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Objective - This paper explores the challenges faced by the Indonesia National Council on Social Welfare (INCSW) and its 64 organization members from 31 provinces in Indonesia. INCSW is a social organization that is the coordinating agency for social activities by the Government of Indonesia. The analysis includes strategic management of NGOs in the era of disruption, known as the industrial revolution 4.0. Methodology/Technique - This study uses a qualitative methodology procedure to produce descriptive data obtained from verbal answers and observable behavior. The data collection methods used in this study include interviews, surveys, observations, and use of documents as secondary data. Open interviews were conducted with several administrators and staff of the Indonesia National Council on Social Welfare (INCSW). Short questionnaires were given to 64 representatives of NGOs from 31 provinces. The interview and survey included questions that probed their understanding of the industrial revolution 4.0, disruptive innovation, willingness to change, and the readiness of the organization to create values in the era of disruption. Findings - The results show that technology use is still very lacking. The quality of human resources is of minimum concern in digital knowledge. The discussions include observations about the development of management strategies and a variety of programs offered by the Indonesia National Council on Social Welfare (INCSW). Novelty - This research is one of the few studies that examine non-profit organizations in order to create economic and social values in the era of disruption. This study explains the new paradigm of NGOs by changing the platform of NGO work operationalization. This study widens the application of 'network society' theory in the study of NGOs by emphasizing networks to create value for their stakeholders. The managerial implications of this study include the importance of technology use through social media for social sharing, thus communicating social issues more efficiently and effectively. Type of Paper - Empirical. Keywords: Change Management; Disruptive Innovation; Human Resources; Industry Revolution 4.0; Non-Governmental Organizations. JEL Classification: M20, M21, M29.
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Weryński, Piotr, and Dorota Dolińska-Weryńska. "Agency Barriers of the Members of Silesian Senior NGOs in the Implementation of Social Innovation (Poland)." Sustainability 13, no. 7 (March 26, 2021): 3734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13073734.
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One of the main barriers when implementing social innovation deemed to be significant is the agency barrier. The purpose of this research is to diagnose the structurally conditioned and awareness agency barriers that occur during the implementation of social innovation in the selected Silesian senior non-governmental organizations. It was assumed that, these days, an important parameter in determining agency is the digital competence possessed. Therefore, it is important to ascertain the level of digital competence of the examined non-governmental organization (NGO) leaders and members as the prosumers of social innovation, which determines the course of their innovative activities. The theoretical basis of research is Margaret Archer’s morphogenetic theory of structure and agency and her scheme of causal analysis. On this basis and using a qualitative analysis of data obtained during focus group interviews (FGIs) and computer-assisted web interviews (CAWIs) with the members of NGOs, a diagnosis is conducted concerning the occurrence of agency barriers in the processes of social innovation. It was found that the majority of respondents have the agency potential, knowledge, and competence to actively co-create Society 5.0. The obtained research results will allow educational and implementation projects (action research) to be carried out in the future that are adequate to the needs of this particular social group. At the theoretical level, the usefulness of the morphogenetic scheme was verified in a causal analysis to study the social agency of the members of senior NGOs.
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Asogwa, Ikenna Elias, Maria Estela Varua, Peter Humphreys, and Rina Datt. "Understanding Sustainability Reporting in Non-Governmental Organisations: A Systematic Review of Reporting Practices, Drivers, Barriers and Paths for Future Research." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 12, 2021): 10184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810184.
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NGOs are expected by their social mission not only to assess but to report on sustainability issues in response to the growing public awareness of the sustainability agendas. Since NGOs are globally renowned as watchdogs for advancing socio-economic development and sustainable societies, research on their efforts in this regard will help develop recommendations on how they can be better positioned as the watchdog. The purpose of this article is to review and assess the understanding of sustainability (reporting) in NGO literature as well as the barriers and drivers. The study investigates various practices of sustainability and identifies the drivers and barriers in sustainability reporting (SR). The authors reviewed 61 articles published between 2010 and 2020 on sustainability and assessed the strengths and weaknesses in the understanding of sustainability in literature as well as the reporting phenomenon in NGOs. The misconceptions in the definition of SR tend to weaken its relevance and applicability, and the reporting process is often focused on demonstrating the legitimacy of NGOs rather than improving their performance. As such, it provides more evidence in support of the need for a more holistic and all-inclusive definition that will aid regulation and enforcement. We also found that, although it is often assumed all NGOs share similar objectives, it is not always the case as there are as diverse objectives as there are numbers of NGOs and their reporting pattern varies in accordance with this diversity. The review makes a case for a more comprehensive definition of SR suitable for NGOs using four elements as well as providing suggestions for where research in this area might focus to enhance the overall body of knowledge. The study contributes to theory and practice by introducing new elements guiding the definition of SR in NGOs which supports accountability and proper functioning of a circular economy and promotes sustainable development.
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Rumenya, Hezron, and Dr Johnbosco Mutuku Kisimbi. "Influence of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems on Performance of Projects in Non-Governmental Organizations: A Case of Education Projects in Mombasa County, Kenya." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Project Management 5, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 46–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.47941/jepm.494.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of monitoring and evaluation systems on performance of projects in non-governmental organizations: A case of education projects in Mombasa County. To achieve this purpose the study assessed how organizational structures and human capacity for monitoring and evaluation influence project performance in non-governmental organizations in Mombasa County. Also, the study examined how a project monitoring and evaluation plan and work planning for monitoring and evaluation activities influence project performance in Non-Governmental Organizations in Mombasa County.Methodology: A descriptive research design was used in this study and structured questionnaires were used to collect the study data. The study population constituted of project officers, managers, and monitoring and evaluation staff in the twenty-two registered non-governmental organizations operating in Education sector in Mombasa County. According to NGOs statistics in published Annual NGO report of 2018/2019, a registered NGO had an average of 10 employees stationed in Kenya. Therefore, the approximate number of project staff in Education sector is approximately 220. Yamane (1967) formula was applied in determination of sample size, with 1% margin of error. Based on the formula, total of 69 participants were required. The participants were voluntary sampled into the study sample though self-administering of online based questionnaire. Prior data collection, a sample of fifteen individuals working in education sector was considered in piloting of the research instruments. To adjust for incidences of non-response rate in voluntary sampling, an additional 30 participants were considered giving a cumulatively sample size of 99 participants. In this study a total of 15 project staff implementing projects in Education sector were considered for piloting. A reliability analysis of pilot data yielded a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.890 implying a high level of internal consistency. Data was collected from sampled seventy respondents from ten non-governmental organizations while observing standard ethical and health guidelines. Collected data was downloaded from kobo-collect online platform and exported to Excel and SPSS for further processing. Descriptive and inferential statistics were generated and used to interpret the nature of relationship between the predictor variables and the dependent variable.Results: The study established that the performance of projects in education sector significantly and positively correlated with organizational structures for M&E (r=0.639, p<0.05), human resource capacity for M&E (r=0.412, p<0.05) and project M&E plan (r=0.273, p<0.05). However, the performance of projects in education sector was found to have a weak positive correlation with M&E work plan where (r=0.015, p>0.05). A regression model of the predictors against the performance of projects in education sector yielded R-square value of 74.1 % leading to a conclusion that the four components under study influence project performance in education sector.Unique contribution to theory, policy and practice: The study recommends that the management of NGOs with technical support of focal M&E staff put in place mechanisms to further strengthen their existing systems for M&E. Also, further research can be explored on how M&E work plan influences project performance while considering adoption mixed methods approach in order to understand the justification for underlying relationships.
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Hanlon, Gerard. "The First Neo-Liberal Science: Management and Neo-Liberalism." Sociology 52, no. 2 (August 9, 2016): 298–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038516655260.
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There has been much recent scholarship on the nature of neo-liberalism. What follows develops these connections by examining early neo-liberal and management thought. The article explores the foundations of neo-liberal and management theory to argue they share fundamental features – namely active intervention, prioritising competition and the necessity of elite leadership. The purpose of all three is to reshape subjectivity and social relations. This exploration argues both projects share similar origins and that the objective of neo-liberalism, wherein subjectivity and social relations are changed along competitive lines, lies at the heart of the management programme.
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Bodrožić, Zlatko, and Paul S. Adler. "The Evolution of Management Models: A Neo-Schumpeterian Theory." Administrative Science Quarterly 63, no. 1 (April 7, 2017): 85–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001839217704811.
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In the last century and a half, U.S. industry has seen the emergence of several different management models. We propose a theory of this evolution based on three nested and interacting processes. First, we identify several successive waves of technological revolution, each of which prompted a corresponding wave of change in the dominant organizational paradigm. Second, nested within these waves, each of these organizational paradigms emerged through two successive cycles—a primary cycle that generated a new management model making the prior organizational paradigm obsolete, and a secondary cycle that generated another model that mitigated the dysfunctions of the primary cycle’s model. Third, nested within each cycle is a problem-solving process in which each model’s development passed through four main phases: (1) identification of a widespread organizational and management problem, (2) creation of innovative managerial concepts that offer various solutions to this problem, (3) emergence and theorization of a new model from among these concepts, and (4) dissemination and diffusion of this model. By linking new models’ emergence to specific technological revolutions, we can explain changes in their contents. By integrating a dialectical account of the paired cycles with an account of the waves of paradigm change, we can see how apparently competing models are better understood as complementary pairs in a common paradigm. And by unpacking each model’s phases of development, we can identify the roles played by various actors and management concepts in driving change in the models’ contents and see the agency behind these structural changes.
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Heugens, Pursey. "A Neo-Weberian Theory of the Firm." Organization Studies 26, no. 4 (April 2005): 547–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840605051471.
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Fredriksson, Magnus, Josef Pallas, and Stefan Wehmeier. "Public relations and neo-institutional theory." Public Relations Inquiry 2, no. 2 (May 2013): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2046147x13485956.
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Suddaby, Roy, David Seidl, and Jane K. Lê. "Strategy-as-practice meets neo-institutional theory." Strategic Organization 11, no. 3 (August 2013): 329–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1476127013497618.
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6, Perri. "Institutional viability: a neo-Durkheimian theory." Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research 16, no. 4 (December 2003): 395–415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1351161032000163593.
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PHILLIPS, NELSON, NERI KARRA, and PAUL TRACEY. "RETHINKING INSTITUTIONAL DISTANCE: USING NEO-INSTITUTIONAL THEORY TO INFORM INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT." Academy of Management Proceedings 2007, no. 1 (August 2007): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2007.26530223.
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Misangyi, Vilmos F., Thomas Greckhamer, Santi Furnari, Peer C. Fiss, Donal Crilly, and Ruth Aguilera. "Embracing Causal Complexity." Journal of Management 43, no. 1 (November 16, 2016): 255–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0149206316679252.
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Causal complexity has long been recognized as a ubiquitous feature underlying organizational phenomena, yet current theories and methodologies in management are for the most part not well-suited to its direct study. The introduction of the Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) configurational approach has led to a reinvigoration of configurational theory that embraces causal complexity explicitly. We argue that the burgeoning research using QCA represents more than a novel methodology; it constitutes the emergence of a neo-configurational perspective to the study of management and organizations that enables a fine-grained conceptualization and empirical investigation of causal complexity through the logic of set theory. In this article, we identify four foundational elements that characterize this emerging neo-configurational perspective: (a) conceptualizing cases as set theoretic configurations, (b) calibrating cases’ memberships into sets, (c) viewing causality in terms of necessity and sufficiency relations between sets, and (d) conducting counterfactual analysis of unobserved configurations. We then present a comprehensive review of the use of QCA in management studies that aims to capture the evolution of the neo-configurational perspective among management scholars. We close with a discussion of a research agenda that can further this neo-configurational approach and thereby shift the attention of management research away from a focus on net effects and towards examining causal complexity.
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Ramenskaya, Lyudmila. "The concept of ecosystem in economic and management studies." Upravlenets 11, no. 4 (September 4, 2020): 16–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.29141/2218-5003-2020-11-4-2.
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The concept of ecosystem enjoys growing popularity among academics and practitioners around the globe. However, due to the inconsistent use and the vagueness of definitions, the application of the concept in economic and management studies is impeded. The paper systematizes the prerequisites, theoretical foundations and conceptual framework of ecosystems as a concept for describing a new structure of social relations. The methodological basis of the research is organizational ecology theory, dynamic capabilities theory and neo-institutional theory. Structural-logical, bibliographic and criterion analysis are the main research methods. The article substantiates the expediency of using the prefix “eco-” when describing the interaction between a company and its environment, and indentifies the primary provisions of organizational ecology affecting the emergence of the ecosystem concept. The author examines the intermediate position of the ecosystem in the neo-institutional dichotomy of market– hierarchy. The study discusses the extent to which the ecosystem influences dynamic capabilities of a firm, and demonstrates inconsistencies in using the term “ecosystem” in academic texts. As a result of bibliographic analysis, we distinguish between four central research discourses of the ecosystem concept (business, innovation, entrepreneurial and platform-based ecosystems), as well as establish their terminological peculiarities and main research avenues. The results obtained can be used to develop the theory of ecosystems and describe ecosystems of real business.
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Souza, Flávio Sergio Rezende Nunes de, Marcus Vinícius de Azevedo Braga, Armando Santos Moreira da Cunha, and Patrick Del Bosco de Sales. "Incorporação de modelos internacionais de gerenciamento de riscos na normativa federal." Revista de Administração Pública 54, no. 1 (January 2020): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220180117.
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Abstract The issue of risk management has gained attention in the field of administration due to the dissemination of international frameworks. In Brazilian federal public administration, risk management is a recent and expanding practice. This research analyzes how international corporate risk management frameworks have been adopted by the federal government through regulations and guidelines. The study adopts the concepts of coercive, normative, and mimetic forces from the neo-institutional theory, and examines the presence of international norms in the Brazilian regulations. Through a qualitative approach, content analysis in documents, norms, interviews, and seminars was used to identify traits of the COSO ERM and ISO 31000/2009 frameworks, which were chosen based on relevance. Results identify important actors pushing for the use of international frameworks, such as international organizations, professional associations, and public agencies, especially those related to government audits. Despite the strong international influence, the Brazilian norms are adapted to the organizations’ context and allowing the maintenance of national autonomy.
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Alvesson, Mats, and André Spicer. "Neo-Institutional Theory and Organization Studies: A Mid-Life Crisis?" Organization Studies 40, no. 2 (July 6, 2018): 199–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840618772610.
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We trace the development of neo-institutional theory in Organization Studies from a marginal topic to the dominant theory. We show how it has evolved from infancy, through adolescence and early adulthood to being a fully mature theory, which we think is now facing a mid-life crisis. Some of the features of this mid-life crisis include over-reach, myopia, tautology, pseudo-progress and re-inventing the wheel. To address these problems, we argue that institutional theorists should limit the range of the concept, sharpen their lens, avoid tautologies and problematize the concept. By doing this, we think institutional theorists could develop a narrower and more focused conception of institutions.
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Tsui-Auch, Lai Si, and Dawn Chow. "A Critical Review of the Application of Neo-institutional Theory on International Management." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 12246. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.12246abstract.
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Crovini, Chiara, and Giovanni Ossola. "Is risk reporting a possible link between financial and management accounting in private firms?" FINANCIAL REPORTING, no. 1 (June 2021): 29–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/fr2021-001002.
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This study represents a theoretical analysis with the purpose to continue the discussion on the relationship between management accounting (MA) and financial accounting (FA), by concentrating on the role of risk reporting as a possible manifestation of their convergence. Moreover, the analysis focuses on the private-firm sector as private firms represent the backbone of the economic system of several countries and little is known about financial and non-financial reporting. Drawing on the neo- Durkheimian institutional theory, this paper develops a conceptual framing that considers risk as an embedded element of the business domain and risk reporting as a direct outcome of the convergence between MA and FA in private firms. Furthermore, the neo-Durkheimian institutional theory emphasizes that the owners and managers' risk attitude is a crucial element affecting risk disclosure, especially in private firms.