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Sobral, Louis Gustavo da Costa. "Propriedades t?rmicas e mec?nicas do NHG sob tra??o." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM F?SICA, 2017. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24043.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq)
Materiais em 1 e 2 dimenso ?es, tais como nanofios, nanotubos, grafeno e nitreto de boro, atraem enorme interesse devido a seu potencial de aplica ?co ?es em novos dispositi- vos eletro?nicos e no gerenciamento do calor. Em contraste aos materiais tridimensionais, o transporte de calor em baixas dimenso ?es pode ser bem diferente. Grafeno exibe extraor- dina ?rias propriedades f ??sicas, incluindo uma extrema alta condutividade t ?ermica. Um novo material cristalino bidimensional como o grafeno com uma estequiometria C2N, com bura- cos uniformemente distribu ??dos e ?atomos de nitrog?enio em seu plano basal, o grafeno com buracos nitrogenado [ou nitrogenated holey graphene (NHG)], foi recentemente sintetizado. Aqui apresentamos uma investigac ? ?ao da condutividade t ?ermica do NHG via simula ?c ?oes com dina?mica molecular fora do equil ??brio baseado no potencial interato?mico de Tersoff. N ?os re- alizamos uma ana ?lise dos efeitos de tamanho finito e extrapolamos os nossos resultados para estimar as propriedades de longas folhas do NHG. Foi computada uma condutividade t ?ermica intr ??nseca 67,23 W/mK do NHG a temperatura ambiente, com um livre caminho m ?edio efe- tivo de 16,84 nm. Ambas as quantidades s ?ao muito menores do que as correspondentes para o grafeno. Sob tra ?ca ?o uniaxial e biaxial foi observado o aumento da condutividade t ?ermica e do correspondente livre caminho m ?edio efetivo, embora n ?ao seja t ?ao acentuada como no grafeno.
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Sedin, Engla Maria Helena. "Semi-automated immunohistochemical staining of the VEGF-A-protein for clinical use and the identification in NHG-graded breast carcinoma." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-237106.
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Angiogenesis has a crucial influence on tumour development and identification of microvessels in malignant breast cancer tissue is an indicator for worse prognosis. Angiogenesis is partially governed by the family of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) and their receptors, by which the VEGF-A-protein seems to be the most important factor. The aims of this work were to first establish a method for immunohistological (IH)-staining of the VEGF-A-protein for clinical use and then to label and evaluate the expression of this protein in 31 Nottingham Histology Graded (NHG I-III) breast carcinoma. Formaldehyde-fixated tissues from invasive breast neoplasms and control tissues were labelled with monoclonal antibodies against VEGF-A and CD31-proteins using a semi-automated IH-system from Ventana BenchMark. Positively stained vessels were counted from digital copies of microscopic pictures related to mm2 tissue. A method of IH-labelling with VEGF-A protein was successfully established before staining of the breast tissue and in 19 of the 31 breast cancers. Vessels were counted for both antibodies. The VEGF-A-antibody stained 2.7 ± 2.3 (mean ± SD) vessels/mm2 and the CD31-antibody stained 27.3 ± 19.3 in the breast carcinoma tissue. The percent of VEGF-A-stained vessels in relation to CD31-stained were 7.6% in the NHG-I- (n=3), 7.8% in the NHG-II- (n=10) and 15.0% in the NHG-III-group (n=6). The results demonstrate that increased NHG-grade and lower differentiation can be associated with higher percent of vessels expressing VEGF-A-protein. The result was not statistically certified because of the small number of stained breast cancers and additional investigations are recommended before clinical use.
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Massad, Raia Silvia. "Le point de compensation stomatique de l'ammoniac : comprendre et modéliser la relation au métabolisme azote de la plante." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364485.
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L’ammoniac atmosphérique (NH3) est principalement émis par l’agriculture. C’est le principal composé alcalin de l’atmosphère et il joue un rôle essentiel dans la chimie de l’atmosphère. La plante peut être un puits ou une source d’NH3 pour l’atmosphère. Le sens et l’intensité des échanges dépendant du gradient de concentration entre la cavité sous stomatique et l’air. La concentration en NH3 dans la cavité sous stomatique appelée aussi point de compensation stomatique pour l’ammoniac (Cs) est déterminée entre autre par le métabolisme azoté de la feuille et des diverses entrées et sorties à travers le xylème et le phloème. Jusqu’à présent, seuls des modèles empiriques ont été conçus pour modéliser Cs. Pour analyser le determinisme de Cs, nous avons conçue une expérimentation pour mesurer sa variabilité pour de jeunes plantes de colza en fonction de la nutrition azotée et des conditions jour et nuit. Deux méthodes de mesures ont été utilisées : l’extraction d’apoplaste et la chambre à flux. Les deux méthodes montrent une corrélation positive entre la concentration en NH4+ dans la solution nutritive et Cs. Par contre la concentration en NO3- a peu d’influence sur Cs de même qu’une alimentation mixte NH4+ et NO3- réduit Cs par rapport a une alimentation a même concentration en NH4+. Cs mesuré de jour n’est pas significativement différent du Cs mesuré de nuit même si il a tendance à être plus fort. Le modèle construit est un modèle a compartiment ; il est couplé à un modèle de continuum donnant des flux d’eau et en particulier la conductance stomatique. Le modèle montre une forte dépendance de Cs du flux d’eau, de la température et de la concentration en NH4+ dans le xylème.
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Khan, Zenith, and Sara Salim. "Identification and determination of NH4+ ions in D-Ala-NH2∙HCl drug substance by Ion Chromatography (IC)." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-20896.
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The quality control laboratory at PolyPeptide has been performing analysis based on ion chromatography (IC) of peptides. A method for separation of negative ions (acetate, chloride etc) is already in use. Lately there has been a need for developing a method to separate positive ions, like ammonium ions, in peptides. The task of this project was to develop a method for ion chromatography, suitable for determination of ammonium ions in the substance D-alanine amide, hydrochloride (D-Ala-NH2∙HCl). The D-alanine amide, hydrochloride is an amino acid derivative used as starting material for chemical synthesis of peptides. These peptides are used as active pharmaceutical substances. It is most possible to find ammonium chloride in amino acids substances which content amid group, as D-Ala-NH2∙HCl. The ammonium chloride is formed during the synthesis of these amino acid derivatives. The reason for analysing ammonium ions is that there is some risk to find undesired impurities in the product. These impurities are difficult to remove.
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Twigg, Matthew. "Becoming Paul, becoming Christ : the Nag Hammadi 'Apocalypse of Paul' (NHC v,2) in its Valentinian context." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:1df4c390-28fa-4861-9a7d-a96779c1364c.
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This thesis seeks to demonstrate the Apocalypse of Paul's position within the broader Valentinian literary corpus from the Nag Hammadi codices. Previous scholars, notably William Murdock and Michael Kaler, have gestured in this direction, but no attempt has been made to systematically situate the Apocalypse of Paul in relation to other Valentinian sources. Quite possibly this desideratum exists because although the Apocalypse of Paul's debt to Jewish apocalypticism is self-evident, scholars of Valentinianism have generally neglected those ideas in Valentinian literature which are derived ultimately from Judaism, often received via Paul or other New Testament writers. These would include the notion of the Name of God as a saving power, even a soteriological agent, and the image of a surrogate heavenly temple through which favoured adepts may ascend in the present. These come to be combined in Valentinian thought through a high-priestly Christology in which it is by virtue of bearing the Divine Name that one may enter this ideal temple in the fashion of the old Jewish high priest, and now Christ. On the other hand, Valentinians downgrade the biblical creator-God to the level of an imperfect demiurge, placing him in an inferior heavenly temple while supplanting the Pleroma atop him as the true spiritual temple housing the Father of Christ. The development of this constellation of ideas is traced principally from Valentinus himself, through the Gospel of Truth and the Excerpts from Theodotus, to the Gospel of Philip, where it receives its most extensive explication. It is argued that the Apocalypse of Paul consciously builds on this intellectual current using the apostle's image in order to construct an ideal authoritative account of how such ascent ought to appear among Valentinian initiates and thereby contribute to the rhetorical and psychological construction of future experiences among the elect community.
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Нікітіна, В. М. "Сіль Рейнеке (NH4[Cr(NCS)4(NH3)2]-H2O) у прямому синтезі комплексів мідь (2) / хром (3) з n-донорними лігандами." Diss. of Candidate of Chemical Sciences, КНУТШ, 2009.
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Agrizzi, Dila Arlette. "Steering the NHS : costing information in a NHS Trust." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404419.
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Learmonth, Mark. "Rereading NHS management." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400167.
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Greenwell, June. "NHS hospital restructuring." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/3018fcc4-1251-4a19-9c44-cac50388eb17.
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Ezahri, Mohamed. "Etude de la solubilité dans l'eau et de la décomposition thermique des oxalates complexes : (NH4)3Al(C2O4)3, (NH4)3Fe(C2O4)3, (NH4)3Cr(C2O4)3, (NH4)2TiO(C2O4)2 et (NH4)2VO(C2O4)2." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO10164.
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L'objectif de ce travail est la mise au point de techniques douces en vue de l'elaboration de materiaux d'oxydes a matrice alumine. Dans ce but, ont ete etablis les diagrammes de solubilite dans l'eau d'oxalates complexes et sont presentes: les systemes binaires h#2o(nh#4)#3al(c#2o#4)#3 et h#2o-(nh#4)#3ad(c#2o#4)#2 (m=ti, v) les isothermes 25c des ternaires h#2o-(nh#4)#3al(c#2o#4)#3-(nh#4)#3n(c#2o#4)#3 (n=fe, cr) et h#2o-(nh#4)#3al(c#2o#4)#3-(nh#4)#2mo(c#2o#4)#2 la coupe 25c du quaternaire h#2o-(nh#4)#3al(c#2o#4)#3-1/2(nh#4)#3fe(c#2o#4)#3-1/2(nh#4)#ocr(c#2o#4)#3. Toutes les phases solides rencontrees ont ete analysees par radiocristallographie. Ces resultats sont mis a profit pour preparer des precurseurs de composition definie et etudier leur decomposition. Les produits obtenus ont ete identifies par diffraction de rayons x. Ainsi, ont ete prepares des oxydes mixtes (al#1#-#xcr#x)#2o#3 et le titanate al#2tio#5 dans des conditions moins severes que celles proposees anterieurement
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Massad, Raia Silvia. "Le point de compensation stomatique de l'ammoniac: comprendre et modéliser la relation au métabolisme azoté de la plante." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00364485.
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L'ammoniac atmosphérique (NH3) est principalement émis par l'agriculture. C'est le principal composé alcalin de l'atmosphère et il joue un rôle essentiel dans la chimie de l'atmosphère. Les dépôts humides et secs d'NHx (NH3 + NH4+) ont des effets négatifs directs (toxicité à fortes doses) ou indirects acidification, eutrophisation, baisse de la résistance aux stress) sur les écosystèmes naturels ou cultivés.La plante peut être un puits ou une source d'NH3 pour l'atmosphère. Le sens et l'intensité des échanges dépendant du gradient de concentration entre la cavité sous stomatique et l'air. La concentration en ammoniac dans la cavité sous stomatique appelée aussi point de compensation stomatique pour l'ammoniac est déterminée par la température de la feuille, la concentration en ammoniaque ([NH4+]ap) et le pH du liquide apoplastique. Ces deux derniers paramètres dépendent du métabolisme azoté de la feuille et des diverses entrées et sorties de composés à travers le xylème et le phloème. Jusqu'à présent, seuls des modèles empiriques ont été conçus pour modéliser le point de compensation stomatique pour l'ammoniac.
Pour analyser le determinisme du point de compensation pour l'ammoniac, nous avons conçu une expérimentation pour mesurer sa variabilité pour de jeunes plantes de colza en fonction de la nutrition azotée et des conditions jour et nuit. Deux méthodes de mesures ont été utilisées : l'extraction d'apoplaste et la chambre à flux. Les deux méthodes montrent une corrélation positive entre la concentration en ammonium dans la solution nutritive et le point de compensation. Par contre la concentration en nitrate a peu d'influence sur le point de compensation de même qu'une alimentation mixte ammonium et nitrate réduit le point de compensation par rapport a une alimentation a même concentration en ammonium. Le point de compensation mesuré de jour n'est pas significativement différent du point de compensation mesuré de nuit même si il a tendance à être plus fort.
Le modèle construit est un modèle a compartiment ; il est couplé à un modèle de continuum sol plante atmosphère donnant des flux d'eau et en particulier la conductance stomatique. Il intègre un modèle de photosynthèse et les principales sources et puits d'ammoniac dans une cellule. Le modèle montre une forte dépendance du point de compensation stomatique du flux d'eau, de la température et de la concentration en ammonium dans le xylème.
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Sandgren, Christoffer. "Ingenjörkompaniets förändring från NBG-08 till NBG-11 : - En myt eller sanning?" Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-2704.
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Uppsatsen Ingenjörkompaniets förändring från NBG-08 till NBG-11 – En myt eller sanning? behandlar ingenjörkompaniet under Nordic Battlegroup-08 respektive Nordic Battlegroup-11. Uppsatsens skildrar de skillnader vilka fanns på respektive kompani avseende organisationen, materiel och utrustning samt de krav och uppgifter vilka kompaniet hade. Detta har genomförts med en komparation mellan de respektive kompanierna. Syftet med uppsatsen är att se vilken inverkan tidigare organisationer har på framställandet av en ny organisation under respektive Nordic Battlegroup. I detta fallet ingenjörkompaniet under respektive Nordic Battlegroup. En komparation mellan de två olika kompanierna innefattande tre av de grundläggande förmågorna verkan, rörlighet och uthållighet har genomförts kopplat mot två av krigsföringsförmågorna, konceptuella- och fysiska förmågorna. Resultatet av studien visar att slutsatser kopplade till i huvudsak brister kring kommunikationen mellan respektive ingenjörkompani där inget eller mycket begränsat erfarenhetsutbyte genomförts mellan dessa. Detta resulterade i att ingenjörkompaniets utveckling kan sammanfattas som uppbyggnaden av en helt ny organisation snarare än en reorganisation där erfarenheter och lärdommar hjälpt till att bygga upp den ”nya” organisationen.The essay "Changes in the engineer coy between NBG-08 to NBG-11 - A myth or truth?" deals with the engineer company under Nordic Battlegroup-08 and Nordic Battlegroup-11. The essay depicts the differences that existed between the respective companies regarding organization, material and equipment, as well as requirements and tasks, and has been conducted through a comparison between the respective companies. The purpose of the essay is to see which effect earlier organizations has on the preparation of a new organization under the respective Nordic Battlegroup. In this case, the engineer company under the respective Nordic Battlegroup. A comparison between the two different companies, containing three of the basic skills: effect, movement and endurance, has been conducted linked to two of the warfare skills, conceptual and physical skills. The result of the study shows conclusions connected to mainly lack of communication between the respective engineer companies, where no, or very limited, experience exchanges have been made between them. This resulted in that the development of the engineer company can be summarized as the construction of a completely new organization rather than a reorganization, where experience and lessons learned could have helped building the "new" organization.
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Mählberg, Esbjörn. "Agilt - men agilt nog?" Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Informationssystem, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-155302.
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This paper aims to investigate whether a small organization with small development teams can find a value in leaving a functioning development process to follow a formal systems development methodology, if these organizations can find support in an agile systems development method and in such case the method needs to be adjusted according to the organizations unique conditions. A traditional plan-driven system development methodology includes a number of phases that are carried out sequentially and a completed phase can basically not be resumed. All requirements are specified at the beginning of a project and at the end of the project only one delivery of software take place. This can cause difficulties in for example dealing with changing requirements. Agile system development methods intend to deal with changing requirements and to enable continuous delivery of valuable, working software. In this paper, both the traditional plan-driven methods and agile methods will be explained. Research methodology and existing system development theories will be discussed and a company where the study has been conducted will be presented. The company's current work processes are analyzed and presented, and all collected data will be reviewed. The results of the paper shows that no initial adaptation of agile methods, Scrum in this specific case, needs to be implemented and that there is no evidence to suggest that small organizations with small development teams can not work after a formal agile methodology. Finally, a general discussion of the study will be conducted and conclusions whether the study objective has been achieved or not will be discussed.Denna uppsats ämnar undersöka huruvida en mindre organisation med små utvecklingsteam kan finna ett värde i att lämna en fungerande utvecklingsprocess för att följa en formell systemutvecklingsmetod, ifall dessa organisationer kan hitta ett metodstöd i agila systemutvecklingsmetoder och om metoderna i så fall behöver anpassas utefter organisationens unika förutsättningar. En traditionell plandriven systemutvecklingsmetod innehåller ett antal faser som genomförs sekventiellt och en slutförd fas kan i stort sett inte återupptas. Alla krav specificeras i början av ett projekt och endast en leverans av mjukvara sker. Detta kan medföra svårigheter med att hantera till exempel förändrade krav. Agila systemutvecklingsmetoder har för avsikt att hantera förändrade krav samt möjliggöra kontinuerliga leveranser av värdefull och fungerande programvara. Under uppsatsen kommer såväl traditionella plandrivna metoder som agila metoder att förklaras närmare. Metodval för forskningen och befintliga systemutvecklingsteorier kommer att diskuteras och ett företag där studien har bedrivits kommer att presenteras. Företagets nuvarande arbetsprocess analyseras och presenteras och alla datainsamlingar kommer att gås igenom. Resultatet av uppsatsen visar på att inga initiala anpassningar av agila metoder, Scrum i det här specifika fallet, behöver genomföras och att det inte finns något som tyder på att små organisationer med små utvecklingsteam inte kan arbeta efter en formell agil metod. Slutligen kommer en allmän diskussion om studien att föras och slutsatser gällande om syftet med studien har uppnåtts kommer att diskuteras.
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Hermansson, Christopher, and Sebastian Johansson. "IPv6 - Gatewayredundans : Snabbt nog?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, fysik och matematik, DFM, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-13011.
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IPv6 har, till skillnad från tidigare versioner av protokollet, inbyggt stöd för redundans hos gatewayenheter. Vid nyttjande av ett flertal gatewayenheter kan det, med hjälp av Neighbor Unreachability Detection, ske automatisk övergång till en ny gatewayenhet utifall att den aktiva skulle gå ur funktion. Innan IPv6 har man varit tvungen att förlita sig på externa lösningar för att uppnå denna redundans. Den huvudsakliga fråga som ställs i rapporten är om det inbyggda stödet för gatewayredundans i IPv6 är tillräckligt snabbt för att kunna nyttjas självständigt, utan att förlita sig på externa lösningar. För att kunna ta fram ett värde om vad som var ”tillräckligt snabbt” har vi, genom att läsa tidigare forskning om användares upplevelse av fördröjningar, kommit fram till att en fördröjning ej får överstiga tio sekunder. Rapporten undersöker även ifall det finns externa lösningar för gatewayredundans som arbetar tillräckligt snabbt, samt om det finns andra situationer där man kan föredra en extern lösning framför Neighbor Unreachability Detection. Efter ett antal experiment har vi kunnat klarlägga att det inbyggda stödet för gatewayredundans i IPv6 inte arbetar tillräckligt snabbt, enligt användare, för att självständigt klara av uppgiften. Undersökningar som beskrivs i rapporten visar även att ett externt First Hop Redundancy Protocol har god potential att återställa kommunikation tillräckligt snabbt för att en användare ska anse fördröjningen acceptabel. Dessutom bekräftar det här arbetet att det finns situationer där man kan föredra ett First Hop Redundancy Protocol framför Neighbor Unreachability Detection.Unlike earlier versions of the Internet Protocol, IPv6 have native support for gateway redundancy. By using more than one gateway, Neighbor Unreachability Detection supports automatic switching to a new gateway in the case the active one fails. Before IPv6 you had to rely on external solutions to achieve this kind of redundancy. The main question that is set in the report is if the built-in support for gateway redundancy in IPv6 is fast enough to be used independently, without the use of external solutions. In order to obtain a value about what was “fast enough” we have, by reading previous research about how users experience delay, concluded that a delay must not exceed ten seconds. The report also examines if there are external solutions for gateway redundancy that operates quick enough, and if there are other situations where you might prefer an external solution over Neighbor Unreachability Detection. After a number of experiments we’ve been able to conclude that, according to users, the native support for gateway redundancy in IPv6 is not working fast enough to independently solve the task. Experiments described in the report also shows that an external First Hop Redundancy Protocol has good potential to restore communication fast enough for a user to find the delay acceptable. Furthermore the work confirms that there are situations where you might prefer a First Hop Redundancy Protocol over Neighbor Unreachability Detection.
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Hedén, Gustav. "Regressionsanalys av NHL-statistik." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-148405.
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The study examined what NHL-teams should improve. This has been done by studying the significant statistics of NHL-seasons, and with linear regression identifying what NHL-teams should do to win many points and thereby get a good placement in the final table. The most interesting result of the study is that the statistics on faceoffs and shots on goal and power play efficiency most seasons where irrelevant for the outcome of a season.Denna studie har undersökt vad NHL-lag ska förbättra. Detta har skett genom att studera statistiskt signifikant statistik från NHL-säsonger med linjär regression i syfte att kunna identifiera vad NHL-lag ska göra för att ta många poäng och således hamna högt i tabellen. Det mest intressanta som studien har gett är att antalet skott och antalet vunna tekningar samt effektiviteten i power play i en NHL-match för de flesta av de studerade säsongerna inte har någon statistik betydelse för vilket lag som vinner matchen.
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Pilgrim, D. "NHS psychotherapy : Personal accounts." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.377373.
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Breßler, Julia, and Evelina Koch. "Expansionslernprojekt Nachhaltigkeitsbeauftragter (ELP NHB)." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-212943.
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Veränderungen sind in Lebens- und Arbeitskontexten allgegenwärtig. Sie führen zum Durchbrechen von routinierten Pfaden und Auflösen von Rezeptwissen. Darüber hinaus generieren sie Unsicherheit, Komplexität und Widersprüchlichkeit. Studierenden diese Phänomene zu vergegenwärtigen bzw. sie für diese zu sensibilisieren ist ebenso eine Herausforderung der Hochschuldidaktik. Des Weiteren sieht sich
die Hochschule des 21. Jahrhunderts mit der Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung konfrontiert. Im Rahmen des Lehr-Lern-Projekts haben wir uns dieser Schwerpunkte angenommen. Der Werkstattbericht verdeutlicht die Generierung einer expansiven Bildungskonzeption und versucht einen Möglichkeitsraum für die Hochschuldidaktik zu schaffen. Des Weiteren stellen wir die Evaluation sowie Implikationen für eine Weiterentwicklung des didaktischen Konzepts dar.
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Morais, Tiago Gualberto. "Lembrança de Nhô Tim." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/27/27159/tde-05122018-094222/.
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Este trabalho investiga as relações entre a exploração da terra realizada pela prática da mineração e estratégias de produção de memória a partir da proposta de um diálogo artístico na comunidade do bairro Resplendor, na cidade de Igarapé-MG. Esta região de recente urbanização destaca-se, especialmente, pelas transformações da paisagem em decorrência da proximidade com grandes empreendimentos: o centro de arte contemporânea Inhotim; a economia mineradora; a instalação de presídios (Bicas I e II) e a construção de conjuntos habitacionais populares. Partindo de uma série de intervenções nesta localidade realizada em 11 de setembro de 2016, a qual possui no objeto Lembrança de Nhô Tim seu eixo central, propus a elaboração desta publicação impressa de caráter ficcional reunindo registros audiovisuais, documentos, imagens de trabalhos artísticos e depoimentos desta experiência e seus desdobramentos ao longo deste curso de mestrado. Aspira-se ampliar as compreensões artísticas contemporâneas envoltas em práticas capazes de aglutinar aspectos envolvidos com o sistema da arte, o convívio comunitário e com a invenção de memórias.This work studies the connections between the exploitation of land carried out by the practice of mining and strategies of memory production made from the proposal of an artistic dialogue in the community of Resplendor, in the city of Igarapé- -MG. This region of recent urbanization stands out, especially, considering the transformations of the landscape due to the presence of large enterprises: the Center of Contemporary Art Inhotim; mining economy; installation of the prisons (Bicas I and II) and the establishment of popular housing. Starting from a series of interventions in this location, realized on September 11th 2016, which has the object Souvenir of Nhô Tim as it\'s central axis, I proposed the elaboration of this printed publication which has a fictional character and gathers audiovisual records, documentation, images of art works and testimonies of this experience and its unfolding during the course of this Masters degree program. The aim is to broaden the contemporary art comprehension wrapped in practices capable of agglutinating aspects involved in art systems, community living and with the invention of memories.
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Calta, Ondřej. "Odměňování hráčů v NHL." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-197681.
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The thesis investigates the rewarding system of professional ice-hockey players in the National Hockey League. The opening part describes theoretical foundation of collective bargaining and human resources management activities -- reward management and performance appraisal, while it also reviews related bases of sports economics. The empirical chapters describe the framework of reward practices as a result of collective bargaining between representatives of the National Hockey League club owners and the National Hockey League Players'Association and investigate effects of the Salary Cap and related instruments of cooperation between the clubs on the player labour market and certain activities of human resources management of the clubs. The thesis discovers a large impact of collective bargaining on economic system of the NHL, low flexibility of rewarding system as a result of Salary Cap related restrictions, a significant impact of these restrictions on the mobility of players within the market and an increase in importance of the club rewarding system rationalization. The thesis also aims for alternative application of the findings on HRM in organizations of more traditional sectors of economy.
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Aroui, Hassen. "Transferts rotationnels induits par collisions dans les systèmes NH3-H2 et NH3-He." Paris 11, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA112214.
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Nous avons étudié les transferts inélastiques rotationnels induits par collisions dans l'ammoniac perturbé par H₂et He, systèmes d’intérêt astrophysique et fondamental (test du potentiel intermoléculaire). Nous avons mené cette étude par deux méthodes différentes : - Profil de raies d'absorption infrarouge - Double résonance infrarouge-infrarouge résolue dans le temps. La première nous a permis de déterminer les sections efficaces d'élargissement par pression et de couplage intradoublet (très sensible au potentiel intermoléculaire) en fonction du nombre quantique de rotation j et de la température dans la bande v₄et l'état vibrationnel fondamental. Afin de comprendre, d'une part, la différence entre les résultats obtenus en micro-onde et ceux de la bande v₄, et d'autre part pour effectuer une meilleure comparaison entre l'expérience et la théorie, nous avons mesuré des sections efficaces d'élargissement par pression dans l'état vibrationnel fondamental. Les résultats expérimentaux ainsi que les calculs théoriques semi-classiques effectués en collaboration avec G. Billing ont permis d'aboutir aux conclusions suivantes : - Différence entre la collision NH₃- He et NH₃- H₂para. -Mise en évidence d'un effet vibrationnel dans la collision NH₃- H₂ -Rôle de l'excitation rotationnelle de H₂lors de la collision. - Désaccord entre les valeurs expérimentales et théoriques du coefficient de couplage dans la collision NH₃- He. La deuxième méthode consiste à créer une perturbation de populations d'un niveau rotationnel sélectionné à l'aide d'un pulse laser (laser à C0₂TEHP), puis à détecter l'absorption transitoire avec un laser continu (diode laser). Cette étude permet de déterminer les sections efficaces collisionnelles niveau par niveau. En sondant les niveaux voisins du niveau pompé, on pourra déterminer les règles de sélection collisionnellesWe have studied rotational transfer induced by inelastic collision in NH₃perturbed by Hz and He. Their systems have astrophysical and fundamental interests. We have undertaken this study by using two methods: 1) Absorption line-profiles in the infrared. 2) Time resolved infrared-infrared double resonance. The first one allowed to determine pressure broadening (PB) cross sections and intradoublet cross relaxation (CR) cross sections caused by molecular inversion. These last ones are very sensitive to the detail of intermolecular potential. These measurements were done as a function of the rotational quantum number j and the temperature in both range of the v₄ band and of the vibrational ground state. Because of the difference between results obtained in the v₄ band and in the microwave, and in order to obtain a better comparison between measurements and calculations, we have studied the absorption line-profiles in the vibrational ground state. The main results lead to the following conclusions: - PB cross section increases with the vibrational quantum number the NH₃ - He one. - PB cross section for NH₃- H₂ para system are larger than the NH₃ - He one. - It is necessary to take the rotational excitation of H₂ into account. - Good agreement has been obtained between calculated (using a semi-classical method) and measurements for NH₃ - H₂ system. The only remaining discrepancy between theory and experience is then intradoublet CR cross section for the NH₃ - He system; we think that this could be caused by inaccuracies in the NH₃ - He potential. The second method, which is a very sensitive mean to study rotational transfer induced by inelastic collision, consist of pumping the v₂ band of NH₃ with an infrared pulse TEHP C0₂ laser in order to create a non-equilibrium population in specific rotational quantum state. This state as well as others subsequently populated by collision induced transition is monitored by diode laser tuned on the v₄ band. This study permit to determine the inelastic cross-section for every level and the collisional selection rules
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Forano, Claude. "Les Conducteurs protoniques, HSbO .nHO et SnO .nHO caractérisation, étude RMN et applications /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37605144g.
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Visser, Martin Albert [Verfasser], and Karl-Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Gericke. "Absolute Dichtebestimmung von NH- und NH2-Radikalen in einem Mikroplasma mittels Cavity Ring-Down Spektroskopie / Martin Albert Visser ; Betreuer: Karl-Heinz Gericke." Braunschweig : Technische Universität Braunschweig, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1175822418/34.
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Yinka-Adebisi, Adeleke. "Conceptualising Foundation Trust reform in the NHS : an empirical analysis of three NHS organisations." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2013. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/364318/.
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Beginning from the 1990s when the ‘New Public Management’ was introduced in the public sector, many countries around the world embraced this new way of working, especially in the developed countries. This adoption kept public sector services in economies like the United Kingdom (UK) under a tremendous pressure to become more efficient in the delivery of effective services. This phenomenon was named - ‘Value for Money’ initiative within the UK public sector. In order to achieve these goals, the public sector has been inundated with several reform regimes, thereby adopting management techniques and tools, which are arguably similar to that being used in the private sector. The National Health Service (NHS) was not left out of this wave. The NHS introduced the market system in the 1990s, in which the providers and purchasers of health services were segregated, giving them the opportunity to negotiate price of services with each other. The wave of reforms have since not stopped; by 2004, Foundation Trust (FT) status was introduced in the NHS, where the government chose to devolve accountability for health service to the local communities. The purpose of the devolution is to allow NHS hospitals to become locally accountable to their communities. The conferment of a new status on the NHS organisations is expected to set them loose from the government’s apron, granting them financial freedom, where they can keep surpluses generated for reinvestment in services, make investment decisions without deferring to the government and have a better control of the organisation. This research has six major objectives. First, it seeks to understand the entirety of Foundation Trust Status in the NHS, second, to outline the role of accounting as the controlling tool in the organisational setting, third, is to identify the string of local accountability within and outside the FT organisation, fourth, is to establish the effect of the structural change witnessed within organisation types, fifth, is to locate the FT change within the general form of the New Public Management (NPM), thereby evidencing the study as an empirical learning and finally evaluating the effectiveness of the FT reform within the organisations being studied. The study adopted an interpretive perspective, gathering data through interviews, documentary analysis and researcher’s observation. The study later adopted the thematic synthesis strategy in analysing the data. It is a multi-case study research, which involved three (3) NHS Trusts in the UK. The first organisation is a non-FT hospital, undergoing the process of becoming a Foundation Trust, the second and third operates as fully licensed Foundation Trust hospitals. This paper reflected on institutional theory as a tool, to understand the FT status in the NHS. In particular, we identified the forces that exerted pressure on the NHS organisations, the place of accounting as a tool in the process, how these organisations responded to innovation uptake. Data analysis unveiled organisation’s struggle for compliance through legitimacy for power and resource, which became the central phenomenon of this study. The NHS organisations were found to be resolute in their choice to implement the FT reform, in spite of the inherent complexity of the process on top of their day to day operational challenges. The struggle for compliance resulted in a mixed result, initiating an active pursuit of efficiency especially in the early adopter and then a negative influence on the late adopter organisation as actors engaged in a number of creative activities as they seek legitimacy. The result from this thematic study proposed that organisations adopt and implement accounting changes for the purpose of achieving legitimacy and promoting efficiency, as well as advancing self-interests. The effect of each choice was found relative to organisational motive for the adoption of the change, either for efficiency or legitimacy. This paper contributes to the theoretical understanding and relevance of institutional theory, particularly the New Institutional Sociology (NIS) in the NHS. Thus, providing a framework for legitimacy, this further illuminates possible explanations for the interrelationships between organisation’s adoption and the implementation of an accounting change in organisations, with the attendance of loose coupling. In addition, it contributes to the practical understanding of the FT change amongst practitioners in the NHS, an understanding, which helps grasp the importance of the change within the context of today’s society, as driven by the current and developing economic terrain.
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Crilly, Teresa Elizabeth. "The Objectives of NHS Trusts." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2000. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/134/.
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This thesis explores the motivation and goals of NHS Trusts which were set up under statutory instrument from 15t April 1991 by Margaret Thatcher's Conservative Government and which continue to have a role under the Labour Government elected in 1997. The research question asks 'What are the objectives of Trusts? What is the extent of the constraints under which they operate?' The central piece of empirical work uses a questionnaire survey to explore individuals' objectives, yielding 1,577 responses. A second exercise uses cost and volume data to review the performance of 100 Trusts. A third strand uses a case study to consider the behaviour of Trusts within their external environment. Consultants, or 'doctors', and managers are identified as the main power coalition within Trusts. Empirical findings are consistent with the hypotheses that, firstly, doctors and managers have different sets of objectives and that, secondly, doctors are interested in production, in particular maintenance of service quality, while managers are interested in the 'bottom line', defined as financial break-even. Under financial conditions described as 'bad times' where the interests of doctors and managers conflict, evidence suggests that doctors tend to dominate the performance of Trusts. It follows that Trusts will pursue a service objective, defined mainly through quality, rather than a financial goal. This dynamic is reinforced by the environment which sends signals to actors about how they should behave and, through lack of market exit, weakens the financial motivation of Trusts. While such behaviour is coherent in terms of the dominant actors, it is at odds with the overall goals of the Trust organisation which are perceived by doctors and managers alike to be the single-minded pursuit of financial targets. The thesis finds that this driver is not owned or acted upon by either doctors or managers and that, in accordance with the balance of its internal motivation, the Trust's primary objective is to maintain service quality.
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Gajewski, Jon Robert. "Neg-raising : polarity and presupposition." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/33696.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2005.Includes bibliographical references (p. 177-184).
In this thesis, I advance a semantic theory of Neg-Raising rooted in the work of Bartsch (1973) and Heim (2000) and defend it against syntactic and pragmatic alternatives. The primary source of support for my position on Neg-Raising comes from the natural way in which the approach explains a variety of facts about NPI-licensing in environments containing Neg-Raising predicates. In Chapter 2, a principled account is offered of a previously ill-understood contrast in NPI-licensing under stacked Neg-Raising predicates, first pointed out in Horn (1972). Also addressed are facts advanced in favor of the syntactic theory of Neg-Raising by Kiparsky and Kiparsky (1970) and Prince (1976). Horn's (1989) attractive account of Neg-Raising is reviewed in detail in Chapter 3 and found to have deficiencies, particularly in the domain of NPI-licensing. The most compelling aspect of Horn's analysis is his derivation of Neg-Raising from general principles. The purposes of Chapters 4 and 5 is to develop an alternative analysis of Neg-Raising that attains a comparable depth of explanation. First, I compare the behavior of negated Neg-Raising predicates to that of negated definite plurals.
(cont.) Next, I show that there is a significant correlation across constructions between obeying the Excluded Middle and having the properties of definite plurals. Finally, I offer a tentative explanation of why definite plurals obey the Excluded Middle.
by Jon Robert Gajewski.
Ph.D.
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Vallet, Anne-Laure. "Réactivités de NHC-Boranes Soufrés." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112261.
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Avec le développement des concepts de la chimie verte, il est devenu nécessaire de remplacer les métaux toxiques par des composés plus respectueux de l’environnement. Donneurs d’hydrogène pour des réactions radicalaires, les hydrures de trialkylétain sont encore très utilisés. Les NHC-boranes se sont révélés de bons remplaçants pour les réactions de désoxygénation. Cependant, les réactions de déshalogénation effectuées avec des NHC-boranes sont moins efficaces et il a fallu avoir recours au concept de catalyse à polarité inversée. Ces travaux ont été le point de départ de cette thèse où la synthèse de nouveaux NHC-boranes possédant une liaison B-S ou B-N est développée. L’étude des propriétés de ces nouveaux complexes a été effectuée et des applications en chimie organique et en science des polymères ont été trouvées. Par ailleurs, en vue d’étudier les effets polaires sur la formation et la réactivité des radicaux boryles, une nouvelle famille de carbène-boranes a été synthétiséeAlong with the development of green chemistry, it became necessary to avoid toxic metallic complexes in organic reactions and replace them by more sustainable compounds. An hydrogen donors for radical reactions, trialkylstannanes are still widely used. NHC-boranes seem to be good substitutes for deoxygenation reactions. However, dehalogenation reactions are less effective and polar reversal catalysis was used. This work was the starting point of this Ph.D thesis where the synthesis of new NHC-boranes bearing a B-S or B-N bound is developed. The study of the properties of these new complexes was performed and applications in organic chemistry as well as in polymer science were found. Besides, to study polar effects on the formation and on the reactivity of boryl radicals, a new family of carbene-boranes was synthesized
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Cammera, Caterina. "La Teoria delle classi NBG." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2013. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/5693/.
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Kernan, Daniel L. "Delivery of Potent Anti-Mitotic Chemotherapeutic Using High Aspect Ratio, Soft Matter Nanoparticles." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1459511762.
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Freeman, Christopher J. "Biosensing and Catalysis Applications of Nanoporous Gold (NPG) and Platinum-Speckled Nanoporous Gold (NPG-Pt) Electrodes." VCU Scholars Compass, 2018. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5473.
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The importance of porous materials has risen substantially in the last few decades due to their ability to reduce the size and cost of bioanalytical devices and fuel cells. First, this work aims to describe the fabrication of nanoporous gold (NPG) electrodes that are resistant to electrode passivation due to fibrinogen biofouling in redox solutions. The effect on potentiometric and voltammetric experiments was seen as a deviation from ideal behavior on planar gold electrodes, whereas NPG electrodes were consistently behaving in a Nernstian fashion at low concentrations of ferri-ferrocyanide (£100 mM). An improvement in electrode behavior on NPG electrodes versus planar gold was seen in solutions containing ascorbic acid as well as blood plasma. Second, cost effective NPG electrodes were fabricated using a glass substrate to test the response in the presence of a variety of redox molecules. The optical transparency of these electrodes allowed for microdroplet measurements to be made using an inverted microscope in several redox solutions for validation and subsequent biological applicability. Nernstian behavior was demonstrated for all one- and two-electron transfer systems in both poised and unpoised solutions. All experiments were conducted using volumes between 280 and 1400 pL producing rapid results in less than one minute. Third, in order to decrease the requirement for complex instrumentation, microdroplet fabrication technique was used to create mini-nanoporous gold (mNPG) electrodes on glass capillary tubes. The cylindrical shape of the electrodes allowed for testing in sample volumes of 100 mL. The response to ferri-ferrocyanide, ascorbic acid, cysteine, and uric acid was then investigated with Nernstian behavior shown. However, the mNPG electrodes were insensitive to glucose and hydrogen peroxide. In order to increase the sensitivity of the electrodes, a minimal amount of platinum was electrodeposited onto the NPG surface using a low concentration of platinum salt (0.75 mM) for a short deposition time (2 seconds) producing a Nernstian response to both glucose and hydrogen peroxide. Lastly, to test the viability of crossover applications, the platinum incorporated NPG electrode was employed as a fuel cell anode material, testing their oxidation capability with methanol, ethanol, and formic acid.
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Cabrera, Claudia. "Socio-economic Status and Health in Women : Population-based studies with emphasis on lifestyle and cardiovascular disease." Doctoral thesis, Göteborg : Nordic School of Public Health and Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2005. http://www.nhv.se/upload/dokument/forskning/Publikationer/NHV-Rapport/NHV-Rapport%202005-3.pdf.
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Rosén, Sofia. "Turkiet - inte europeiskt nog för gemenskapen?" Thesis, Växjö University, School of Social Sciences, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2577.
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The Turkish accession to the European Union has been the most extended one that the Union
has been dealing with so far. Turkey is now accepted as a candidate country but it is still in a
problematic situation. Most of the EU’s member states do not share the Union’s belief that
Turkey should become a full member of the Union, if they should even become a member at
all. Europeanization constitutes a ground in this essay, and the “top-down” perspective within
this process can give an explanation to why most EU member states have such a hesitance
against Turkey.
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Uslu, Pinar Güven. "Implementation of benchmarking in NHS Trusts." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247204.
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Quinn, Peter. "Ortho-substituent effects in NHC-catalysis." Thesis, Durham University, 2018. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/12876/.
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N-Heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are extensively used in contemporary organocatalysis in diverse C-C bond forming reactions. Although successful, high catalyst loadings are typically required and chemoselectivity highly depends on catalyst type and structure. Catalysts are commonly selected by screening based approaches because it is not entirely clear how the structures of both the N-aryl ring and aldehyde substrate affect reactivity. In particular, ortho-substituents on both the NHC and aryl aldehyde have been found to display enhanced rate and equilibrium constants for deprotonation and hydroxyaryl adduct formation, however, the mechanistic reason is unclear. Chapter 2 describes the synthesis, kinetic evaluation and structural analysis using X-ray crystallography and DFT calculations of a range of triazolium salts, which are precursors to triazolyl NHCs. The findings from this chapter suggest that large dihedral angles between the triazolium and N-aryl ring, which are found in ortho-substituted systems, lead to relatively fast proton transfer from the triazolium salts. This is attributed to a ground state destabilisation of the cationic starting material through reduced inter-ring conjugation. Chapter 3 describes the kinetic studies aimed at investigating ortho-substituent effects on both the catalyst and aldehyde substrate on the intial hydroxyaryl adduct forming equilibrium. Ortho-substituted NHCs result in relatively fast rates and large equilibrium constants for hydroxyaryl adduct formation. This may be attributed to the relatively large dihedral angle between the triazolyl and N-aryl rings. Approach of the incoming electrophile requires the N-aryl ring to rotate out of plane of the triazolyl ring, which results in an energetic penalty for non-ortho-substituted NHCs. An ortho-alkoxy substituent on the aryl aldehyde have also been found to lead to enhanced rate and equilibrium constants for formation relative to unsubstitued aryl aldehyde. These findings are rationalised in terms of the formation of an increasingly optimal intramolecular H-bond in the transition state for hydroxyaryl adduct formation. Chapter 4 describes the attempts to determine a pKa for the conjugate acid of the Breslow intermediate based on the triazolyl scaffold. Methylated analogues were prepared and the kinetics of deprotonation by NMR and stopped flow UV-vis spectrophotometry are in agreement and suggest that a small proportion of O-methylated BI is observable in aqueous solution. Attempts were also made to reprotonate the BI to determine a pKa value in aqueous solution.
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Björck, Elias, and Caroliné Ericsson. "Denna stan är inte stor nog…" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-20526.
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Denna uppsats bygger på empiri kring ett case som utgörs av en dold konflikt mellan endel av surfkulturen i Varberg, Apelviken och Varbergs Kommun. Vi upplevde att detfanns en uppdämd konflikt som av olika orsaker blivit hindrad att nå ut. Uppsatsens fokusligger på den narrativa kopplingen i författandet av en managementberättelse som utgårfrån en case study.Vi bjuder Dig som läsare på en berättelse i vildavästernmiljö som handlar om livet i dennordamerikanska staden Coastville. På vintern är det mestadels kallt men undersommartid samlas både människor men också… problem. Vi kommer att få följa stadenssheriffer Allen och Will i deras uppdrag att hålla ordningen upprätt i staden. Vi kommerockså bekanta oss med guldvaskarna Johny och Jeff, två Lone Riders vars vägar då ochdå korsas.Vi har valt en abduktiv ansats genom uppsatsen och en design som i linje med syftet kanskapa perspektiv och djup i frågan om uppsatsens narrativa och organisatoriska ämne.Denna form av studie bjuder förhoppningsvis Dig som läsare en skön lässtund, meninnebär också att analysmaterialet framställs på ett annorlunda vis än i en traditionellnaturvetenskaplig uppsats. Vi är medvetna om detta och höjer därför ett varningensfinger. Dock innebär det oftast att i de fall det finns en risk så kantas andra sidan avvinning och så även i detta fall då analysen kommer innebära båda dessa ytterligheter.Vår tanke är att skapa ett engagemang och en ”poäng” bortom de case och tidsmässigasammanhang vi belyst och på så vis hoppas vi att en röd tråd ska finnas mellanuppsatsens olika delar.Program: Kandidatutbildning i företagsekonomi
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Goldberg, Rhoda. "Iatrogenic harm : redress and the NHS." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/iatrogenic-harm(8a6b369d-c59b-4610-8de9-d475d434cd3c).html.
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The thesis addresses how effectively or otherwise litigation and NHS complaints procedures redress ‘harm’ suffered by patients through treatment under the NHS. I argue that patients’ entitlement to redress within the NHS is founded on corrective justice principles, requiring one who harms another without justification to indemnify the individual harmed. Entitlement is finite because the NHS is a communal enterprise with limited resources explicitly expected to be shared throughout the population. Accordingly, distributive justice must apply to monetary compensation. For my purposes, harm includes significant adverse events, even where the requirements for actionable negligence necessary to mount successful legal action are not met. The emphasis is on patients’ access to justice, with account also taken of the toll on doctors under the present system. I explore what patients seek from redress and the possible forms compensation may take. Litigation, curtailed by withdrawal of public funding, can only offer damages for loss. Complaints procedures theoretically offer, inter alia, explanations, apologies and undertakings to repair. Careful consideration of both systems reveals that in their present unconnected form, insufficient congruence obtains between what aggrieved patients with complex needs require and what they receive. Lack of open disclosure of adverse events perpetuates power differentials between parties and adversely affects patients’ abilities to seek appropriate redress. Analysis of constraints on disclosure highlights the nuanced communication that is necessary and the fears of legal ramifications which apologies engender. After discussing apology- protection legislation in other common law countries, I argue for the role that full apologies can play in explanation, communication and undertakings to repair, particularly in addressing intangible loss. I also argue that in a universal health service, non-pecuniary losses should not be monetarily compensated because they are uncommodifiable and because of distributive justice demands. The thesis concludes with reflection on the prerequisites for a just and effective redress system.
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Harsent, Frank Thomas. "Towards corporate governance in the NHS." Thesis, Durham University, 2002. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1744/.
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Mesch, Linnéa. "God nog för våra ensamkommande barn?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-180559.
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Khairy, Mostafa. "Pontage de VO-nHO et caractérisation." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614676f.
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Heilkenbrinker, Uta. "Wirkungsweise des Bacillus cereus Enterotoxins Nhe." Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-166522.
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Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Entwicklung und Charakterisierung monoklonaler Antikörper (mAk) gegen die C-Komponente des Non-haemolytic Enterotoxin (Nhe)-Komplexes von Bacillus cereus sowie deren Einsatz zur Analyse der Rolle des NheC im Hinblick auf die Wirkungsweise von Nhe.
NheC wurde in Escherichia coli rekombinant exprimiert und mittels Immunaffinitätschromatographie aufgereinigt. Nach Überprüfung durch SDS-PAGE und Quantifizierung mittels SYPRO® Ruby Protein Gel Färbung wurde das gereinigte Toxin als Immunogen eingesetzt. Nachfolgend konnten drei mAk vom IgG-Subtyp (mAk 2G8, 1E12, 2F10) und ein mAk vom IgM-Subtyp (mAk 3D6) gegen NheC hergestellt werden. Die Charakterisierung der mAk erfolgte mittels Enzymimmuntest (EIA), Western Immunblot und Immunfluoreszenzmikroskopie. Bei Verwendung eines indirekten EIAs erlaubten die mAk den sensitiven Nachweis von rNheC im unteren Nanogrammbereich (Nachweisgrenze 10 – 15 ng/ml). Untersuchungen zur Spezifität der mAk innerhalb des Nhe-Komplexes mittels indirekten EIAs und Western Immunblots zeigten, dass die mAk 2G8 und 1E12 substantielle Kreuzreaktionen mit der strukturverwandten NheB-Komponente aufweisen. Dies konnte durch Epitopanalysen und kompetitive Bindungstests noch bestätigt werden. Während die mAk 2G8, 1E12 und 3D6 mit allen überprüften B. cereus-Stämmen reagierten, weist das von dem mAk 2F10 erkannte Epitop eine stammspezifische Variabilität auf. In Zellkulturtests war keiner der vier mAk in der Lage die zytotoxische Aktivität des Nhe-Komplexes zu neutralisieren. Demgegenüber gelang es mit allen mAk mittels Immunfluoreszenz erstmals die direkte Bindung von NheC an die Zielzelle darzustellen.
Unter Verwendung eines polyklonalen Kaninchen-Antiserums gegen NheC als Fangantikörper und der vier mAk gegen NheC als Nachweisantikörper wurden hochempfindliche Sandwich-EIAs für den Nachweis von gereinigtem NheC entwickelt. In natürlichen B. cereus-Überständen konnten jedoch nur geringe Mengen (< 10 %) des theroretisch vorhandenen NheC nachgewiesen werden. Die auf diesen Ergebnissen basierende Hypothese, dass NheC in Lösung an NheB gebunden vorliegt, konnte zunächst in artifiziellen Systemen bestätigt werden. Mangels SDS-Stabilität der NheB-NheC-Komplexe, erfolgte der Nachweis mittels intermolekularem Cross-Linking und Dot Blot-Analysen. Durch Kombination des NheC-spezifischen mAk 3D6 als Fangantikörper und des HRP-gekoppelten mAk 1E11 gegen NheB als Nachweisantikörper konnte ein spezifischer NheC/B-Sandwich-EIA zum Nachweis von NheB-NheC-Komplexen in B. cereus-Kulturüberständen etabliert werden.
Zur Analyse der Funktion der NheB-NheC-Komplexe wurde zum einen die Komplexbildung mit der Zytotoxizität verglichen, und zum anderen per Durchflusszytometrie deren Zellbindung mittels NheB-Quantifizierung (durch mAk 1E11) bestimmt. Fazit ist, dass scheinbar sowohl eine definierte Menge an NheB-NheC-Komplexen, als auch ausreichend freies NheB vorhanden sein müssen, damit effiziente Zellbindung und Zytotoxizität von Nhe gewährleistet sind.
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Amaris, Castilla Carlos Fidel. "Intensification of NH3 bubble absorption process using advanced surfaces and carbon nanotubes for NH3/LINO3 absorption chillers." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/128504.
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En la presente tesis doctoral se realiza un estudio experimental de la intensificación del proceso de absorción de amoniaco por parte de la mezcla NH3/LiNO3 en absorbedores de burbuja por medio del uso de superficies avanzadas y nanotubos de carbono. Las condiciones de operación de los ensayos experimentales fueron obtenidas a partir de una simulación termodinámica de un ciclo de absorción de simple efecto con NH3/LiNO3 a las condiciones de operación de interés para una enfriadora por absorción activada por fuentes de energía a baja temperatura y enfriada por aire.
Los experimentos se llevaron a cabo en un banco de prueba experimental diseñado para la evaluación del desempeño de absorbedores a las condiciones deseadas. El estudio del proceso de absorción se realizo en dos tipos de intercambiadores de calor trabajando como absorbedores; un intercambiador de calor de placas y un intercambiador de calor tubular.
Los resultados experimentos en el absorbedor tubular muestran que las superficies avanzadas y nanotubos de carbono usados mejoran significativamente el proceso de absorción de amoniaco en el absorbedor de burbuja estudiado en comparación con un absorbedor de tubo liso con el fluido base. Las mejoras máximas alcanzadas fueron superiores al 50%.This thesis deals with an experimental study on intensification of the ammonia absorption process in the NH3/LiNO3 mixture in vertical bubble mode absorbers using advanced surfaces and nanoparticles of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Operating conditions selected for the absorber test were obtained from a thermodynamic analysis of a single effect absorption cycle with NH3/LiNO3 driven by low temperature heat sources and head released by air. The experiments were conducted in an experimental test facility designed for evaluating the absorber performance at the desired operating conditions. Intensification of the ammonia absorption process was studied using two types of heat exchangers working as bubble absorbers; a plate heat exchanger and a tubular heat exchanger. Experimental results showed that the advanced surfaces and CNTs used significantly improve the ammonia absorption process in the tubular bubble absorber analyzed in comparison with results in the smooth tube absorber with the base fluid. The maximum improvements achieved were higher than 50 %.
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Fauché, Kévin. "NHC portant des azotures : intermédiaires dans la synthèse catalysée d‘hétérocycles polyazotés et auto-fonctionnalisation de complexes métal-NHC." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC062/document.
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Les carbènes N-hétérocycliques (NHC) sont très utilisés pour complexer les métaux de transition. Ils quittent rarement ce rôle de ligand ancillaire et trouvent, depuis une vingtaine d’années, des applications en catalyse ou, plus récemment, en chimie médicinale. Dans ce travail, nous discuterons d’une méthode de synthèse douce conduisant à la formation de complexes AgI – NHC via une source d’argent soluble. Cette méthode nous a permis d’obtenir des complexes bien connus mais également d’accéder à une nouvelle série de complexes NHC-Ag-phosphine. Nous présenterons également une nouvelle réaction où des NHC portant une fonction azoture à proximité du carbone du carbène quittent leur rôle de ligand ancillaire et conduisent à la formation d’hétérocycles azotés par cyclisation carbène-nitrène. Cette réaction sera présentée en détail, ainsi que la caractérisation spectroscopique concernant une sous-série de composés fluorescents obtenus par cette méthode. Enfin, nous présenterons une stratégie de post-fonctionnalisation de complexes développée dans notre équipe. Des complexes argent(I)-NHC portant un azoture proches du centre carbénique catalysent leur propre fonctionnalisation. De plus, des complexes de cuivre(I) portant des azotures en position éloignée du centre métallique seront greffés sur des nanoparticules magnétiques pour servir de catalyseur recyclablesN-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) are widely used to complex transition metals. They rarely leave their role as ancillary ligand and find, since 20 years, applications in catalysis or, more recently, in medicinal chemistry. In this work, we will discuss a mild synthetic method leading to the formation of AgI – NHC complexes via a soluble silver species. This method allowed us to obtain well known complexes but also to access a new series of NHC-Ag-phosphine complexes. We will also present a new reaction where NHC ligands bearing an azide function close to the carbenic center leave their role as ancillary ligand and lead to the formation of nitrogen rich heterocycles by a carbene-nitrene cyclization. This reaction will be presented in detail, along with the spectroscopic characterization regarding a sub-series of fluorescent compounds obtained by this method. Finally, we will present a post-functionalization strategy of complexes developed in our team. Silver(I)-NHC complexes tagged by an azide close to the carbenic center catalysed their own functionalization. Moreover, copper(I) complexes tagged by an azide function in a distant position from the metallic centre will be grafted on magnetic nanoparticles to act as recyclable catalysts
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Scherer, Patr?cia Cristina. "Entendendo os neg?cios com impacto social : uma an?lise dos elementos constituintes do modelo de neg?cio." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2014. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/5688.
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Previous issue date: 2014-08-25Social impact business are cost effective initiatives that address the needs of lowincome people by providing them with the access to quality products and services at affordable prices, as well as employment and income opportunities. This study aims at contributing to the understanding of this business model that has been getting increasingly more relevant in both the academic and corporate fields. The analysis of the theoretical groundwork indicated that the concept of social impact business does not come from a homogeneous perspective. An analytical framework to identify the elements that constitute the business social impact was proposed based on the characteristics found in the literature review. The methodology applied was of qualitative-quantitative, exploratory nature. As the procedure required for data collection, three steps were followed: a documental analysis using secondary data, interviews and surveys. The results from the data collection allowed us to identify the constituent elements of the business model, mapping existing initiatives in Brazil and describe their characteristics from the proposed framework for analysis, and assess the social impact of these initiatives.
Os neg?cios com impacto social s?o iniciativas economicamente rent?veis que visam atender ?s necessidades da popula??o de baixa renda oferecendo oportunidades de acesso a produtos e servi?os de qualidade a pre?os acess?veis, bem como oportunidades de emprego e renda. O trabalho visa contribuir para o entendimento deste tema que vem recebendo crescente aten??o tanto da ?rea acad?mica como corporativa. O referencial te?rico permitiu o aprofundamento sobre o entendimento destes modelos de neg?cio cujo conceito ? amplo e ainda n?o possui uma vis?o homog?nea. Um quadro de an?lise para a identifica??o dos elementos que constituem os neg?cios com impacto social foi proposto a partir das caracter?sticas encontradas na revis?o bibliogr?fica. A metodologia empregada foi de um estudo qualitativo-quantitativo, de natureza explorat?ria. Foram utilizadas tr?s t?cnicas de coleta de dados: pesquisa documental com dados secund?rios, entrevistas e question?rios. Os resultados obtidos permitiram identificar os elementos constituintes do modelo de neg?cios, mapear as iniciativas existentes no Brasil e descrever suas caracter?sticas a partir do quadro de an?lise proposto, e avaliar o impacto social destas iniciativas.
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Steiu, Marieta Simona. "Refrigeración por absorción con nh3/h2o/hidróxidos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/8497.
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En esta tesis doctoral se estudia el uso de las mezclas ternarias NH3/H2O/XOH (X: NaOH, KOH, LiOH) en ciclos de refrigeración por absorción activados con energía solar térmica o calor residual. La adición de hidróxidos alcalinos NaOH, KOH o LiOH a la mezcla amoníaco/agua disminuye la temperatura de ebullición de la mezcla y favorece la separación del amoniaco al desplazar el equilibrio de disolución del amoniaco en agua hacia la separación del amoniaco en fase gas, con la consiguiente reducción de las etapas de rectificación y un aumento del COP y de la capacidad frigorífica del equipo. Sin embargo, la presencia del hidróxido en el absorbedor es perjudicial ya que reduce la capacidad de absorción del amoníaco por el absorbente. Este efecto puede contrarrestarse limitando la presencia del OH- en el absorbedor para lo cual el ciclo básico ha de modificarse incluyendo una etapa de separación que confine el OH- en el generador.The use of ammonia-water absorption refrigeration cycles driven by low temperature heat sources such as thermal solar energy or waste heat from some new energy distributed generation technologies is so far not feasible due to the low temperature of some of these heat sources. To overcome this problem over the past several years, it has been proposed the addition of hydroxides to the ammonia-water mixture.
The objective of this thesis is to study the effect of the NaOH, KOH and LiOH in the liquid vapour equilibrium of NH3/H2O mixture in order to reduce the boiling temperature, to select the hydroxide that presents more advantages for the operation of the absorption cycle and perform several simulations with the selected hydroxide to evaluate the overall performance of the cycle using the new ternary mixture.
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Drury, Peter. "Information management and intelligence : NHS case studies." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843534/.
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As a contribution to the social theory of organisations, this thesis develops a comprehensive conceptual framework for the analysis of "organisational intelligence". It is developed in the context of some of the empirical problems of information management in the NHS. The framework is based on an information processing perspective. It has a number of components, each of which may be used, individually or collectively by information and social analysts. Organisational intelligence is, therefore, a relative concept, being concerned in essence with assessments of contextually appropriate behaviour and/or information. Organisational intelligence focuses on and reflects how actors / organisations do knowledgework. A number of generic knowledgework processes are proposed, together with some associated pathologies. But the question for information management is how to develop the supporting knowledgebase component. The development of information products of, or for, intelligence is another component of the framework. All these processes and products need to be assessed in their historical, political and information-related contexts. Finally, attention is paid to assessments in the light of experience of the issues in question. The case studies are based on material gathered firstly while working as a District Information Officer in a Health Authority, and then as co-ordinator for the project determining the information requirements of the NHS after the 1991. These studies are supplemented by analyses of secondary material. After a series of case studies using the organisational intelligence framework to illustrate different aspects of the information management in the NHS during the 198 0s, there are two detailed local studies, and then one concerning national developments in information policy in the early 1980s, followed by an analysis of the information requirements of the NHS post-Review. Finally, the case study material is drawn together to illustrate some characteristics of the organisation of intelligence.
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Davidson, Gordon Westly. "Aircraft NLG shimmy : methods, tools and analysis." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/10554.
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ELGEAR was a UK government/industry partnership created in 2006 to research electrical technology in aircraft landing gear systems. The project designed, built and ground tested electrical technology for a Landing Gear Extension/Retraction system (LGERS) and Nose Wheel Steering systems (NWS) for a 120 passenger aircraft. One thread of this research, and the topic of the present thesis, was to develop analysis methods and tools to investigate the effects of shimmy. Shimmy is the self excited vibration of a castored wheel assembly. It may be experienced on assemblies such as wheel chairs, shopping trolleys, motor cycles, and it is particularly prevalent on aircraft landing gears. Developed within this report is a generic set of system shimmy requirements to guide future engineers. Several models are developed from first principles, allowing a potential design to be quickly evaluated and damper sizes determined. A detailed Multi-Body Systems model has been created using the software modelling package ADAMS. The model includes a detailed representation of mass and inertia properties, stiffness’s, friction and tyre properties. The report includes a detailed method to determine the tyre parameters compatible with the ADAMS PAC2002 formulation (magic tyre formula). The dynamic model is simulated to investigate the landing gear’s behaviour to each requirement and is a significant enhancement to the models developed using first principles. To explore the influence of higher frequency tyre dynamics, a model incorporating a simplified SWIFT tyre model is generated from first principles. The report concludes with a validation of the methods and tools. Test results are used to validate several aspects of the tyre model, and a comparison between hand derived models and the detailed model provides a thorough check of modelling practices.
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Papanicolas, Irene. "The new NHS : financial incentives for quality?" Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/144/.
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In April 2002, five years after the Blair government’s proposals to create a ‘New NHS [National Health Service]’, the government outlined the key priorities that would mark the NHS reform. The main reforms involved patient choice supported by a system of ‘Payment by Results’ (PbR) under which hospitals would be funded on the activity they undertook. PbR is a case based payment system, a type of system increasingly being adopted as the main form of provider payment across industrialised countries. The literature on this type of payment system and experiences from other countries identifies many di!erent behavioural incentives that can have both positive and negative impacts on quality of care. This thesis investigates the quality implications observed so far in England, for seven conditions which represent a spectrum of important clinical areas that are admitted through both emergency and elective admissions. In order to identify changes in quality, this thesis first considers how to construct an appropriate measure of quality. The first part of the thesis utilizes two di!erent methodological techniques used for quality measurement; a latent variable approach and a technique put forward by McClellan and Staiger (1999) using Vector Autoregressions. The results from these techniques indicate that quality measurement approaches di!er markedly with regards to how much measurement and systematic error they are able to filter out of raw outcome data. Finally, the new indicators created by these techniques are used to evaluate the quality impact the introduction of PbR as the main form of hospital payment has had in England. The analysis indicates that since the policy’s implementation, there have been di!erential quality e!ects on the di!erent conditions. However, for the most part this indicates an improvement in mortality outcomes, and a reduction in the variation of outcomes across hospitals. As found, the interpretation of readmissions has to be approached with caution as more severe patients being kept alive through quality improving measures on mortality create more mixed signals for the readmission indicators. In two conditions we find changes in activity that are indicative of e"ciency gains, in the form of better coding and adoption of new technology, both as a result of differences in reimbursement categories.
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Lu, Jun. "Empirical review of NHS estates ergonomic drawings." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/8050.
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In the late 1970s and the early 1980s the Department of Health developed an ergonomic database, in the form of ergonomic drawings, to act as guidance for the design of new hospitals and the adaptation of old buildings. But there is very little peer-reviewed empirical evidence published to support the recommended drawings. The project used ergonomic methodologies to review the ergonomic drawings of single bed spaces and toilet / shower facilities on adult acute wards and intensive care units (ICUs) in terms of nursing staff carrying out specific clinical tasks. The objectives were to (1) review the complex interfaces using ergonomic task analysis methods from other industries, (2) to provide up-to-date ergonomic information to designers (architects) and planners on spatial requirements for the above units, and (3) provide recommendations for the development of future guidance on functional space requirements. Five PFI hospitals were visited to capture a range of `actual' space dimensions in the forms of coded AutoCAD drawings and relevant photos for the application of building the mock-ups for the Functional Space Experiments (FSEs). The field observations were conducted over 5 weeks at two local hospitals. A total of 100 nursing tasks with 74 nurses were recorded and analysed by using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) and Link Analysis (LA). FSEs were conducted with 36 nurses for the ICU, adult acute ward and toilet/shower mock-ups resulting in 190 composite link analysis diagrams. The results from the FSEs were described as an `ergonomic envelope', the incompressible functional, space required for clinical tasks in these areas. The average spatial requirement of ward bed space envelope was 11.14m2 (average width of 3.21 m, length of 3.47m). The average spatial requirement of toilet / shower envelope was 5.43mz (average width 2.08m, length of 2.61m). The average spatial requirement of ICU bed space envelope was 23.47m2 (average width of 4.96m, length of 4.80m). It was recommended that both the width and the length should be given together with the area for an envelope, and hospital planners and architects should regard ergonomic envelope as a "core space" in the hospital development. Finally a 4-step protocol for future development, revision and testing of ergonomic drawings were presented, and the potential further study areas were suggested.
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Flogvall, Carl, and Stefan Nordenskjöld. "A regression analysis of NHL cap hits." Thesis, KTH, Matematik (Inst.), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-155194.
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This report is a study if a multi linear regression could be used to predict the cap hit of hockey forwards from the NHL. Data was collected during the 2010-2011, 2011-2012, and 2012-2013 seasons. The chosen variables were common hockey statistics and a few none hockey-related, like origin and age. The initial model was improved by removing insignicant covariates, detected by BIC-test and p-values. The final model consisted of 291 players and had an adjusted R2-value of 0,7820. Of the covariates, goals, assists and ice time had the biggest impact on a player's cap hit.
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Zhou, Xiaoguang. "Exploring labour-management partnership in NHS Scotland." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12912/.
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The past few decades have witnessed a change from traditionally adversarial labour-management relations to a new type of partnership arrangement in British industrial relations in some organisations. It is expected that such arrangement may provide an opportunity for Britain unions to return from political and economic exile, and secure mutual gains for the primary parties to the employment relationship. This thesis is concerned with partnership arrangements in NHS Scotland which were developed against the background of a post-devolution consensus on how health services should be organised. Based on a longitudinal research method, this study has assessed the partnership arrangements in three health boards of NHS Scotland. Each of these case studies includes a programme of interviews with senior managers, human resource managers, Employee Directors and other trade union representatives, and analysis of minutes of partnership consultation meetings and board archives. The main objectives of the research were outlined as follows: - to describe the general context in which partnership arrangements play out in three cases, - to describe how partnership operates in the three cases, - to explore the evolution of partnership in the three cases, - to compare and analyse the outcomes of partnership in the three cases. A key conclusion of the research is that mutual gains can be successfully secured through a partnership approach. However, the extent to which mutual gains can be obtained by both management and trade unions is greatly shaped by the external and internal contexts surrounding the organisation and the way partnership is implemented.
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Ma, Ruoyu. "Chiral NHC-Au(I) Catalyzed Enantioselective Reactions." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1585432603722902.
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