Academic literature on the topic 'Nicht lineares Netz'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nicht lineares Netz"
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Merz, Oliver. "Ansätze zur Stärkung der Rolle als Inhalte-Aggregator." MedienWirtschaft 13, no. 2 (2016): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/1613-0669-2016-2-46.
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Über längere Zeit war die Mediennutzung im Wohnzimmer durch den klassischen Fernseher mit linearen Angeboten geprägt. Schon seit einiger Zeit wandelt sich dies. Mittlerweile verfügt eine Reihe von Haushalten über Fernsehen, die neben der Nutzung linearer Programme auch den Zugriff auf Mediatheken sowie weitere Angebote relativ leicht und kostengünstig erlauben. Zudem erfolgt der Zugriff auf Inhalte auch über andere Endgeräte wie Tablets und Smartphones. Auch ist die Gemengelage komplexer geworden, müssen doch Inhalte, Endgeräte und Netze zusammenwirken. Es ist Zeit für eine kurze Zwischenbilanz nach der ersten Phase der Transformation des Inhaltekonsums im deutschen Wohnzimmer: Was hat sich bisher wirklich am Medienkonsum im Wohnzimmer verändert, was ist bald zu erwarten? Welche Angebote werden kommen, welche haben sich nicht bewährt? Welche Strategien verfolgen die unterschiedlichen Gruppen von Akteuren im deutschen Markt? Wir wollen dieses wichtige Thema mit zwei aufeinander folgenden „Standpunkten“ aufgreifen. In der heutigen Ausgabe finden sich die Einschätzungen eines Free-TV-Anbieters, eines Netzbetreibers „mit Inhalte-Ambitionen“ und eines Endgeräteherstellers. In der nächsten Ausgabe werden wir weitere wichtige Perspektiven ergänzen.
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Laukemann, Julia. "Wenn die Welt zum Wohnzimmer wird – Das Fernsehen von morgen und der ewige Kampf um Aufmerksamkeit." MedienWirtschaft 13, no. 3 (2016): 34–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/1613-0669-2016-3-34.
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In der letzten Ausgabe der MW hatten wir „zum Kampf um das Wohnzimmer“ drei Unternehmen zu Wort kommen lassen: ProSiebenSat.1 TV Deutschland, Loewe Technologies und Vodafone. In der Einleitung hatten wir wie folgt auf die Thematik hingeführt: „Über längere Zeit war die Mediennutzung im Wohnzimmer durch den klassischen Fernseher mit linearen Angeboten geprägt. Schon seit einiger Zeit wandelt sich dies. Mittlerweile verfügt eine Reihe von Haushalten über Fernseher, die neben der Nutzung linearer Programme auch den Zugriff auf Mediatheken sowie weitere Angebote relativ leicht und kostengünstig erlauben. Zudem erfolgt der Zugriff auf Inhalte auch über andere Endgeräte wie Tablets und Smartphones. Auch ist die Gemengelage komplexer geworden, müssen doch Inhalte, Endgeräte und Netze zusammenwirken. Es ist Zeit für eine kurze Zwischenbilanz nach der ersten Phase der Transformation des Inhaltekonsums im deutschen Wohnzimmer: Was hat sich bisher wirklich am Medienkonsum im Wohnzimmer verändert, was ist bald zu erwarten? Welche Angebote werden kommen, welche haben sich nicht bewährt? Welche Strategien verfolgen die unterschiedlichen Gruppen von Akteuren im deutschen Markt?“ In der heutigen Ausgabe finden sich die Einschätzungen eines Pay-TVAnbieters, einer öffentlich-rechtlichen Rundfunkanstalt sowie die Beschreibung der Aktivitäten von Amazon. Mit diesen Perspektiven möchten wir das Bild mit der letzten Ausgabe begonnene Bild vervollständigen.
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Rowe, D. Bradley, Stuart L. Warren, Frank A. Blazich, and D. Mason Pharr. "Seedling Growth of Catawba Rhododendron. II. Photosynthesis and Carbohydrate Accumulation and Export." HortScience 29, no. 11 (November 1994): 1303–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.11.1303.
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Catawba rhododendron (Rhododendron catawbiense Michx.) seedlings of two provenances, Johnston County, N.C. (35°45′N, 78°12′W, elevation = 67 m), and Yancey County, N.C. (35°45′N, 82°16′W, elevation = 1954 m), were grown in controlled-environment chambers for 18 weeks with days at 18, 22, 26, or 30C in factorial combination with nights at 14, 18, 22, or 26C. Seedlings of the higher-elevation provenance generally exhibited higher net leaf photosynthetic rates (PN)s than those from the lower elevation at all temperature combinations. Thus, it appears seedlings of the high-elevation provenance possess greater relative thermotolerance, expressed as net photosynthesis, than the low-elevation provenance. Eighty-seven days after initiation (DAI) of the experiment, PN showed a quadratic response to increasing day temperature, with the maximum occurring at 22C, whereas PN decreased linearly with increasing night temperature. At 122 DAI, PN increased linearly with increasing day temperature with nights at 22 and 26C. Highest PNs were at 30/22C and 26/22C. Carbohydrate export increased with increasing day temperature, whereas the response to night temperature was minimal. High levels of nonstructural carbohydrates occurred at thermoperiods (22/22C and 26/22C) that optimize seedling growth. However, definitive trends relating seedling growth to PNs, leaf carbohydrate levels, or to the amount of carbohydrate exported from the leaves were difficult to generalize due to numerous day × night interactions.
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Jiao, J., M. J. Tsujita, and B. Grodzinski. "Optimizing aerial environments for greenhouse rose production utilizing whole-plant net CO2 exchange data." Canadian Journal of Plant Science 71, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 253–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjps91-035.
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A daily growth model was developed for Samantha roses based on nondestructive measurements of whole-plant net CO2 exchange rate (NCER) under various aerial environmental conditions. Irradiance, CO2 concentration, and temperature accounted for 70, 20, and 5%, respectively, of the variance in whole-plant net photosynthesis explainable by a second-order polynomial model (R2 = 0.86). The predicted optimal temperatures for whole-plant net photosynthesis increased from 19 to 24 °C with increasing irradiance from 100 to 1200 μmol m−2 s−1 and CO2 concentration from 350 to 1500 μL L−1. Dark respiration rate increased exponentially with temperature and could be predicted by the Arrhenius equation. Even though respiratory carbon (C) loss at night increased linearly with daytime C gain, daily C gain (AC) was still proportional to daytime net photosynthesis. The relative contribution of irradiance (100–1200 μmol m−2s−1), day length (8–16 h), CO2 concentration (350–1500 μL L−1), day temperature (15–30 °C), and night temperature (15–25 °C) to plant daily growth was 64, 31, 4, 0.3, and 0.7%, respectively. Key words: Carbon balance, environment, modelling, photosynthesis, respiration, Rosa hybrida
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Purvis, Andy, Susanne A. Fritz, Jesús Rodríguez, Paul H. Harvey, and Richard Grenyer. "The shape of mammalian phylogeny: patterns, processes and scales." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 366, no. 1577 (September 12, 2011): 2462–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0025.
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Mammalian phylogeny is far too asymmetric for all contemporaneous lineages to have had equal chances of diversifying. We consider this asymmetry or imbalance from four perspectives. First, we infer a minimal set of ‘regime changes’—points at which net diversification rate has changed—identifying 15 significant radiations and 12 clades that may be ‘downshifts’. We next show that mammalian phylogeny is similar in shape to a large set of published phylogenies of other vertebrate, arthropod and plant groups, suggesting that many clades may diversify under a largely shared set of ‘rules’. Third, we simulate six simple macroevolutionary models, showing that those where speciation slows down as geographical or niche space is filled, produce more realistic phylogenies than do models involving key innovations. Lastly, an analysis of the spatial scaling of imbalance shows that the phylogeny of species within an assemblage, ecoregion or larger area always tends to be more unbalanced than expected from the phylogeny of species at the next more inclusive spatial scale. We conclude with a verbal model of mammalian macroevolution, which emphasizes the importance to diversification of accessing new regions of geographical or niche space.
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Patterson, David T. "Effects of Day and Night Temperature on Goatsrue (Galega officinalis) and Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) Growth." Weed Science 41, no. 1 (March 1993): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500057556.
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Goatsrue, a perennial legume, is an exotic noxious weed currently found in the United States only in Cache County, Utah. It infests irrigated pastures, alfalfa fields, and noncropland areas. In order to compare their responses to temperature, goatsrue and alfalfa were grown in artificially illuminated controlled-environment chambers in 16 day/night temperature regimes ranging from 15/4 to 36/25 C. Growth analysis was used to evaluate effects of temperature on dry matter accumulation, leaf area production, and biomass allocation. Both species grew best at day/night temperatures of 22/25, 29/ 18, and 29/25 C. Leaf appearance rates were linearly related to mean daily temperature. Goatsrue produced fewer but larger leaves and a greater total leaf area than alfalfa. Biomass partitioning to leaves was greater in goatsrue, whereas partitioning to stems was greater in alfalfa. Response of vegetative dry matter production to temperature closely paralleled response of leaf area duration in both species. Alfalfa generally had a higher net assimilation rate, but the greater leaf area duration of goatsrue resulted in greater dry matter accumulation in this species after 50 d of growth. Overall responses to temperature were similar in the two species. Thus it seems likely that goatsrue could become a much more widely distributed weed in alfalfa.
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Petersen, K. F., T. Price, G. W. Cline, D. L. Rothman, and G. I. Shulman. "Contribution of net hepatic glycogenolysis to glucose production during the early postprandial period." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 270, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): E186—E191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1996.270.1.e186.
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Relative contributions of net hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis to glucose production during the first 12 h of a fast were studied in 13 healthy volunteers by noninvasively measuring hepatic glycogen content using 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Rates of net hepatic glycogenolysis were calculated by multiplying the change in liver glycogen content with liver volume determined by magnetic resonance imaging. Rates of gluconeogenesis were calculated as the difference between rates of glucose production determined with an infusion of [6,6-2H]-glucose and net hepatic glycogenolysis. At 6 P.M. a liquid mixed meal (1,000 kcal; 60% as glucose) was given, to which [2-2H]glucose was added to trace glucose absorption. Hepatic glycogen content was measured between 11 P.M. and 1 A.M. and between 3 and 6 A.M. At 11 P.M. the concentration was 470 mM and it decreased linearly during the night. The mean liver volume was 1.47 +/- 0.06 liters. Net hepatic glycogenolysis (5.8 +/- 0.8 mumol.kg body wt-1.min-1) accounted for, on average, 45 +/- 6% and gluconeogenesis for 55 +/- 6% of the rate of whole body glucose production (12.6 +/- 0.6 mumol.kg body wt-1.min-1). In conclusion, this study shows that, even early in the phase of the postabsorptive period when liver glycogen stores are maximal, gluconeogenesis contributes approximately 50% to hepatic glucose production.
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van As, Dirk, Michiel R. van den Broeke, and Michiel M. Helsen. "Strong-wind events and their impact on the near-surface climate at Kohnen Station on the Antarctic Plateau." Antarctic Science 19, no. 4 (August 16, 2007): 507–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095410200700065x.
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AbstractStrong-wind events occur 10–20 times per year at Kohnen Station, East Antarctica (75°00′S, 0°04′E, 2892 m above sea level), and are often caused by warm-core cyclones in the north-eastern Weddell Sea. An uncommon event occurred in January 2002, when blocking both in the south Atlantic Ocean and in the south Tasman Sea caused a split-up of the circumpolar vortex, and large amounts of heat and moisture were transported onto the Antarctic Plateau. During strong-wind events over the plateau the near-surface temperature can increase by tens of degrees, which is partly caused by the advection of heat, but for an important part by the destruction of the stable temperature-deficit layer by enhanced vertical mixing. The temperature rise is larger during the winter/night than during the summer/day, due to a better-developed temperature deficit. Snowdrift during the January 2002 event linearly increased surface roughness for momentum with friction velocity, for values over about 0.18 m s-1. The cloud cover during the event reduced down-welling solar radiation by 32%, and increased the albedo from about 0.86 to 0.92. Changes in longwave radiation largely cancelled the daytime changes in shortwave radiation, thus net radiation was most affected at night.
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Lowder, Adam W., Helen T. Kraus, Frank A. Blazich, and Stuart L. Warren. "Day/Night Temperatures Influence Growth and Photosynthesis During Containerized Production of Selected Species of Helleborus (Hellebores)." Journal of Environmental Horticulture 28, no. 3 (September 1, 2010): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.24266/0738-2898-28.3.179.
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Abstract Containerized seedlings of Helleborus foetidus L. (stinking hellebore), H. niger L. (Christmas rose), and H. ×hybridus L. (Lenten rose) were grown under long-day conditions in controlled-environment chambers for 95 days with 9-hr days of 14, 18, 22, 26, or 30C (57, 64, 72, 79, or 86F) in factorial combination with 15-hr nights of 10, 14, 18, 22, or 26C (50, 57, 64, 72, or 79F). Long-day conditions were provided by a 3-hr night interruption. Growth of each species responded differently to day and night temperatures. Calculated maximum root, top, and total dry weight, and leaf area of H. foetidus occurred with days/nights of 20/15, 18/13, 19/14, and 18/15C (68/59, 65/55, 66/57, and 65/59F), respectively. While night temperature (NT) had no effect on root:top ratio [RTR (root dry weight ÷ top dry weight)], RTR was greatest (0.65) with days of 22C (72F). Helleborus niger had calculated maximum root dry weight and total dry weight with days of 14C (57F) and nights of 16 and 13C (60 and 55F), respectively. Top growth of H. niger decreased linearly as NTs increased for days of 14 or 22C (57 or 72F). Day temperatures (DTs) had no effect on RTR, whereas RTR responded quadratically as NT increased with a calculated maximum RTR at nights of 19C (66F). Leaf area was maximized at days/nights of 14/10C (57/50F). At days of 22 or 26C (72 or 79F), top growth of H. ×hybridus responded quadratically as NT increased with maxima occurring at nights of 18 or 17C (64 or 63F). Root dry weight responded quadratically at days of 14, 22, or 26C (57, 72, or 79F) and calculated maxima occurred with nights of 18C (64F). At days of 22 or 26C (72 or 79F), there were quadratic responses in total dry weight with calculated maximum growth of H. ×hybridus at nights of 18 or 17C (64 or 63F), respectively. For days of 14, 22, or 30C (57, 72, or 86F), there were quadratic responses in RTR with greatest RTR calculated at nights of 15, 18, or 16C (59, 64, or 60F), respectively. There were quadratic responses at days of 22 or 26C (72 or 79F) for leaf area with calculated maxima at nights of 18 or 17C (64 or 63F), respectively. As DTs increased from 14 to 30C (57 to 86F) net CO2 assimilation (PN) of H. ×hybridus also increased linearly whereas increased NTs had no effect on PN. In contrast, stomatal conductance was not impacted by DT or NT.
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Patterson, David T. "Effects of Temperature and Photoperiod on Growth and Development of Sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia)." Weed Science 41, no. 4 (December 1993): 574–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500076347.
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Sicklepod was grown in controlled-environment chambers in 16 day/night temperature regimes ranging from 19/11 to 34/26 C. Maximum dry weight, leaf area, plant height, node number, and leaf number after 46 d occurred at 29/26 and 34/26 C. Temperatures of 29/21 C or lower reduced dry weight by more than 50%. Leaf number, leaf weight, and leaf area were more sensitive to changes in day temperature, whereas plant height and root, stem, and total dry weight were more sensitive to night temperature. Dry matter production was more closely correlated with leaf area duration than with its other component, net assimilation rate. Leaf appearance rate and dry matter production were linearly related to average daily temperature. The low-temperature threshold for leaf production was 13 ± 1 C. Observations of plant development in photoperiods ranging from 10 to 16 h confirmed that sicklepod is a short-day plant with a critical day length of 13 to 14 h. No reproductive development occurred in photoperiods of 15 or 16 h. Seedlings that emerged in 10-h photoperiods required more than 1-wk exposure to short days to initiate and continue reproductive development. Plants from a North Carolina population flowered earlier than plants from a Florida population in photoperiods of 12, 13, or 14 h, but in an 11-h photoperiod the two populations flowered at the same time.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nicht lineares Netz"
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Pinto, Rengifo Ricardo Alberto. "Quantum breathers in small networks: Dynamics, tunneling, correlations, and application to Josephson cells." Doctoral thesis, Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-ds-1216216146408-01075.
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We address the excitation of quantum breathers in small nonlinear networks of two and three degrees of freedom, in order to study their properties. The invariance under permutation of two sites of these networks substitutes the translation invariance that is present in nonlinear lattices, where (classical) discrete breathers are time periodic space localized solutions of the underlying classical equations of motion. We do a systematic analysis of the spectrum and eigenstates of such small systems, characterizing quantum breather states by their tunnelling rate (energy splitting), site correlations, fluctuations of the number of quanta, and entanglement. We observe how these properties are reflected in the time evolution of initially localized excitations. Quantum breathers manifest as pairs of nearly degenerate eigenstates that show strong site correlation of quanta, and are characterized by a strong excitation of quanta on one site of the network which perform slow coherent tunnelling motion from one site to another. They enhance the fluctuations of quanta, and are the least entangled states among the group of eigenstates in the same range of the energy spectrum. We use our analysis methods to consider the excitation of quantum breathers in a cell of two coupled Josephson junctions, and study their properties as compared with those in the previous cases. We describe how quantum breathers could be experimentally observed by employing the already developed techniques for quantum information processing with Josephson junctions.
Book chapters on the topic "Nicht lineares Netz"
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Lehr, Andrea. "Linear oder nicht?" In Schreiben fürs Netz, 67–80. Wiesbaden: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80780-9_5.
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