Relevant bibliographies by topics / Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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de Brito Simões, Jackson, and Carlos José de Araújo. "Nickel–titanium shape memory alloy mechanical components produced by investment casting." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 29, no. 19 (2018): 3748–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x18799197.

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This work aimed to produce mechanical components of nickel–titanium shape memory alloys using investment casting processes. Then, in order to validate processing, different designs of nickel–titanium shape memory alloy components as staple implants, Belleville springs, meshes, helical springs, screws and hexagonal honeycombs were produced and submitted to thermal and mechanical characterization. Thermoelastic martensitic transformation of the nickel–titanium shape memory alloy parts was determined by differential scanning calorimetry and electrical resistance with temperature, while the superelastic behaviour was verified by cyclic tensile and compression tests. It has been demonstrated that the employed investment casting processes are suitable to manufacture nickel–titanium shape memory alloy mechanical components with simple and complicated designs as well as functional properties related to phase transformation and superelasticity.
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Hassan, M. R., Mershad Mehrpouya, and S. Dawood. "Review of the Machining Difficulties of Nickel-Titanium Based Shape Memory Alloys." Applied Mechanics and Materials 564 (June 2014): 533–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.564.533.

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The purpose of this study is to identify machining difficulties of nickel-titanium based shape memory alloys. Nickel-titanium (Nitinol) is one the widely used shape memory material which is applied in many products in the aerospace, medical, and biomedical fields. NiTi alloy cannot be machined easily because of high tool wear, high cutting force, huge hardness and surface defects are made many problems into their machining. Investigation in micron precision shows plenty surface defects in machining process, something like debris of microchips, feed marks, tearing surface, deformed grains, material cracking and chip layer formation which consists the main problem in the machining of shape memory alloys. Moreover, these defects can be reduced or eliminated by changing the cutting parameters such as: feed rate, cutting speed and cutting depth so that, machining of nickel-titanium alloys would be improved.
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Theisen, W., and A. Schuermann. "PM-Composites with Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys." Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 35, no. 5 (2004): 342–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.200400754.

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Bhattacharya, Kaushik. "Crystallographic Attributes of a Shape-Memory Alloy." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 121, no. 1 (1999): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816005.

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Shape-memory Alloys are attractive for many potential applications. In an attempt to provide ideas and guidelines for the development of new shape-memory alloys, this paper reports on a series of investigations that examine the reasons in the crystallography that make (i) shape-memory alloys special amongst martensites and (ii) Nickel-Titanium special among shape-memory alloys.
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Jagdeo, Kailash R. "Electrochemical corrosion response of ZrN coated Nickel-Titanium alloy in 0.9% NaCl solution." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 8 (2021): 2547–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37803.

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Abstract: The biomedical application as metallic body implants of Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys are of high interest due to its unique property of pseudo elasticity. However, high content of nickel and its potential to release from the surface due to corrosion raises safety concerns about its allergic reactions, toxicity and carcinogenicity. Hence, it is necessary to produce proper passivity to prevent surface layer degradation. In this study, ZrN coating on Nickel-Titanium shape memory alloys was obtained by vacuum cathodic arc physical vapor deposition technique to improve electrochemical corrosion resistance. The electrochemical corrosion response was studied in 0.9% NaCl solution at 370C using Tafel extrapolation method. Surface morphology was studied using SEM/EDAX and XRD. ZrN coating increases corrosion stability and micro hardness. Keywords: Shape memory alloy; pseudoelasticity; vacuum cathodic arc PVD; electrochemical corrosion; micro hardness.
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Iyer, Sanesh, and Pascal Hubert. "Thermomechanical characterization of functionally stabilized nickel-titanium-copper shape memory alloy." Engineering Research Express 4, no. 1 (2022): 015031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-8695/ac2bf1.

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Abstract Shape memory alloy hybrid composites have promise in realizing the 21st century goal of morphing structures. There is considerable work to be done in the development of characterization and modeling techniques for these materials. The proposed characterization methodology adapts existing standards to include previously omitted factors required for the numerical modelling of shape memory alloys and their integration into end-use applications. A nickel-titanium-copper (NiTiCu) shape memory alloy is characterized using these methods and then numerically modelled. Samples’ mechanical behaviour is shown to stabilize after 43 cycles of mechanical loading. Thermomechanical properties measured before and after stabilization are shown to vary inconsistently by up to 72%, demonstrating the need for stabilization for accurate thermomechanical characterizations and consistency in end-use applications. Physical experiments are numerically replicated in Abaqus\Standard using the measured properties. Sufficient correlation is shown for the design of shape memory alloy hybrid composites. The result of this work is a comprehensive thermomechanical characterization approach for shape memory alloys which can be used to develop morphing SMA hybrid composite structures.
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Mchedlishvili, Zurab, and Manana Tavkhelidze. "Alloys with Shape Memory and Their Physical and Mechanical Properties." Works of Georgian Technical University, no. 3(521) (September 29, 2021): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36073/1512-0996-2021-3-83-91.

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The article contains the list of alloys with shape memory and given their structural formulations. As an example, an alloy of nickel and titanium, named Nitinol ({Ni}_3Ti), characterized by the highest shape storage index. Here in the work, the analysis of changes in crystal structure of this alloy is made, at ground temperatures of material heating and cooling.
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Theisen, W., and A. Schuermann. "Electro discharge machining of nickel–titanium shape memory alloys." Materials Science and Engineering: A 378, no. 1-2 (2004): 200–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.09.115.

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Rondelli, G., B. Vicentini, and A. Cigada. "The corrosion behaviour of nickel titanium shape memory alloys." Corrosion Science 30, no. 8-9 (1990): 805–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-938x(90)90004-o.

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Andrade, Soares, Nobrega, Hilário, and Santos. "Characterization Techniques of a Shape Memory Nickel Titanium Alloy." Proceedings 38, no. 1 (2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019038015.

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This paper presents a characterization processes study of metallic alloys, more specifically the shape memory alloys (SMA) composed by Nickel and Titanium (NiTinol). Two different wire suppliers were studied, starting with metallographic analysis until observe the contours of the grain wires. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) test was also performed to obtain phase transformation temperatures of the NiTinol alloys. Finally, after several tensile tests, some results were obtained for stresses, strains, elasticity modules and maximum rupture deformation.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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Barbero, Bernal Laura Isabel. "Cyclic Behavior of Superelastic Nickel-Titanium and Nickel-Titanium-Chromium Shape Memory Alloys." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4937.

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Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a class of alloys that display the unique ability to undergo nonlinear deformations and return to their original shape when heat is applied or the stress causing the deformation is removed. This unique shape memory characteristic is a result of a martensitic phase-change, which can be temperature induced (shape memory effect) or stress induced (superelastic effect). In this study, the cyclical behavior of NiTi, a binary shape memory alloy, is compared to the cyclical behavior of NiTiCr, a ternary SMA. The purpose of this study is to compare the behavior of a 0.085-in. diameter NiTiCr wire with the behavior of the same size NiTi wire to determine whether ternary SMAs are more viable ways to take advantage of the unique properties of SMAs for seismic applications. The experimental results showing the superelastic behavior of these alloys under cyclical tensile loading are summarized with attention to the effects of annealing temperature, strain rate, and cyclical training on the stress-strain hysteresis, maximum recoverable strain and equivalent viscous damping.
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Kaya, Irfan. "SHAPE MEMORY BEHAVIOR OF SINGLE AND POLYCRYSTALLINE NICKEL RICH NICKEL TITANIUM ALLOYS." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/me_etds/37.

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NiTi is the most commonly used shape memory alloy (SMA) and has been widely used for bio-medical, electrical and mechanical applications. Nickel rich NiTi shape memory alloys are coming into prominence due to their distinct superelasticity and shape memory properties as compared to near equi-atomic NiTi shape memory alloys. Besides, their lower density and higher work output than steels makes these alloys an excellent candidate for aerospace and automotive industry. Shape memory properties and phase transformation behavior of high Ni-rich Ni54Ti46 (at.%) polycrystals and Ni-rich Ni51Ti49 (at.%) single-crystals are determined. Their properties are sensitive to heat treatments that affect the phase transformation behavior of these alloys. Phase transformation properties and microstructure were investigated in aged Ni54Ti46 alloys with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to reveal the precipitation characteristics and R-phase formation. It was found that Ni54Ti46 has the ability to exhibit perfect superelasticity under high stress levels (~2 GPa) with 4% total strain after 550°C-3h aging. Stress independent R-phase transformation was found to be responsible for the change in shape memory behavior with stress. The shape memory responses of [001], [011] and [111] oriented Ni51Ti49 single-crystals alloy were reported under compression to reveal the orientation dependence of their shape memory behavior. It has been found that transformation strain, temperatures and hysteresis, Classius-Clapeyron slopes, critical stress for plastic deformation are highly orientation dependent. The effects of precipitation formation and compressive loading at selected temperatures on the two-way shape memory effect (TWSME) properties of a [111]-oriented Ni51Ti49 shape memory alloy were revealed. Additionally, aligned Ni4Ti3 precipitates were formed in a single crystal of Ni51Ti49 alloy by aging under applied compression stress along the [111] direction. Formation of a single family of Ni4Ti3 precipitates were exhibited significant TWSME without any training or deformation. When the homogenized and aged specimens were loaded in martensite, positive TWSME was observed. After loading at high temperature in austenite, the homogenized specimen did not show TWSME while the aged specimen revealed negative TWSME.
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Fung, Cheung Kwan. "Thermal mechanical behaviour of NiTi shape memory alloy." access abstract and table of contents access full-text, 2004. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/ezdb/dissert.pl?msc-ap-b21174076a.pdf.

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Thesis (M.Sc.)--City University of Hong Kong, 2004.<br>At head of title: City University of Hong Kong, Department of Physics and Materials Science, Master of Science in materials engineering & nanotechnology dissertation. Title from title screen (viewed on Aug. 31, 2006) Includes bibliographical references.
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Aydogmus, Tarik. "Processing And Characterization Of Porous Titanium Nickel Shape Memory Alloys." Phd thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612232/index.pdf.

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Porous TiNi alloys (Ti-50.4 at. %Ni and Ti-50.6 at. %Ni) with porosities in the range 21%-81% were prepared successfully applying a new powder metallurgy fabrication route in which magnesium was used as space holder resulting in either single austenite phase or a mixture of austenite and martensite phases dictated by the composition of the starting prealloyed powders but entirely free from secondary brittle intermetallics, oxides, nitrides and carbonitrides. Magnesium vapor do not only prevents secondary phase formation and contamination but also provides higher temperature sintering opportunity preventing liquid phase formation at the eutectic temperature, 1118 &deg<br>C resulting from Ni enrichment due to oxidation. By two step sintering processing (holding the sample at 1100 &deg<br>C for 30 minutes and subsequently sintering at temperatures higher than the eutectic temperature, 1118 &deg<br>C) magnesium may allow sintering probably up to the melting point of TiNi. The processed alloys exhibited interconnected (partially or completely depending on porosity content) open macro-pores spherical in shape and irregular micro-pores in the cell walls resulting from incomplete sintering. It has been found that porosity content of the foams have no influence on the phase transformation temperatures while deformation and oxidation are severely influential. Porous TiNi alloys displayed excellent superelasticity and shape memory behavior. Space holder technique seems to be a promising method for production of porous TiNi alloys. Desired porosity level, pore shape and accordingly mechanical properties were found to be easily adjustable.
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Armitage, David A. "Haemocompatibility and characterisation of modified nickel titanium surfaces." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263394.

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Fort, Vincent J. "Simulations of the superelastic behavior of nickel-titanium shape memory alloy." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17388.

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Bowers, Matthew. "Characterization of Transformation-Induced Defects in Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417649766.

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Lee, Wing-cheung, and 李永祥. "Functional coatings on Ti-6A1-4V and NiTi shape memory alloy for medical applications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B4715052X.

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Due to its excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, Ti-6Al-4V alloy has been extensively used in the medical field, especially as a material for hard tissue replacement. Owing to the unique shape memory and superelastic properties, NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA, with 50.8 at.% of Ni) has been investigated for load-bearing applications in orthopedics and dentistry. Since the longevity of current metal implants is approximately 10 to 15 years, many patients need to have revision surgeries in their lifetime. Therefore, there is great interest in the long-term stability, biocompatibility, bioactivity and other properties of Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi SMA implants. Implant-associated infections also pose serious threat to the success of metal implants. The goal of this project was to investigate several low-temperature surface modification techniques, including anodization and electrochemical deposition, and formulate coatings for potential clinical applications. Accordingly, several types of coatings were synthesized on Ti-6Al-4V and NiTi SMA substrates. Various aspects of the coatings, such as morphology, chemical composition, crystallinity, phase and bioactivity, were analyzed. Firstly, a systematic study on the formation of titania nanotubes on Ti-6Al-4V by anodization was performed. Anodizing voltage and time were varied for comparisons. A dense and compact titania nanotube layer was synthesized on Ti-6Al-4V by anodizing at 25 V for 20 min. The titania nanotubes formed were rutile. After annealing at 500oC for 1 h, the titania nanotubes became anatase. The anatase phase exhibited better wettability than the rutile phase. Secondly, dense and compact apatite coatings were formed on NiTi SMA samples through electrochemical deposition using mainly double-strength simulated body fluid (2SBF) as the electrolyte. The deposition conditions were varied and apatite coating characteristics studied. With the inclusion of collagen molecules (0.1 mg/ml) in the electrolyte (2SBFC), apatite/collagen composite coatings were fabricated. Collagen fibrils were not only observed on the surface of composite coatings but also were embedded inside in the coatings and at the coating-substrate interface. Results obtained from transmission electron microscopic and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that the apatite crystals in apatite coatings and apatite/collagen composite coatings were calcium-deficient carbonated hydroxyapatite. Apatite/collagen composite coatings exhibited excellent hydrophilicity, whereas apatite coatings displayed hydrophobic surfaces. Finally, gentamicin-loaded, tobramycin-loaded, and vancomycin-loaded apatite coatings and apatite/collagen composite coatings were synthesized on NiTi SMA samples through electrochemical deposition using different drug concentrations in the electrolytes. A comparative study of apatite coatings and apatite/collagen composite coatings as drug delivery vehicles were conducted. Different aspects of antibiotic-loaded coatings (surface characteristics, chemical composition, wettability, etc.) and in vitro release behaviour were investigated. The antibiotics were physically embedded in coatings during coating formation. Upon sample soaking in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), the release profiles established for antibiotic-loaded coatings demonstrated different levels of initial burst release and subsequent steady release characteristics. Apatite coatings and apatite/collagen coatings displayed preferential incorporation of specific antibiotics. For instance, apatite/collagen coatings showed better vancomycin incorporation than apatite coatings and the incorporation of vancomycin was better than tobramycin for apatite/collagen coatings. Apatite coatings demonstrated better tobramycin incorporation than apatite/collagen composite coatings.<br>published_or_final_version<br>Mechanical Engineering<br>Master<br>Master of Philosophy
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Zhao, Ying. "Design of energy absorbing materials and composite structures based on porous shape memory alloys (SE) /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7148.

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Ng, Kwok Leung. "Experimental study on wear properties of NiTi shape memory alloy thin film /." View abstract or full-text, 2006. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?MECH%202006%20NG.

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Books on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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Tietze, Holger. Phasenübergänge mit Memory Effekt: Neutronenstreuung an der Shape Memory Legierung NiTi. Verlag für Akademische Schriften, 1985.

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L, Jerina Kenneth, ASTM International, ASTM International Committee E08 on Fatigue and Fracture, and ASTM Committee F-4 on Medical and Surgical Materials and Devices, eds. Fatigue and fracture of medical metallic materials and devices: 2nd volume. ASTM International, 2010.

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Shape Memory Implants. Springer, 2000.

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Ni-Free Ti-Based Shape Memory Alloys. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2018.

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Miyazaki, Shuichi, and Hee Young Kim. Ni-Free Ti-based Shape Memory Alloys. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2018.

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Book chapters on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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Filip, Peter. "Titanium-Nickel Shape Memory Alloys in Medical Applications." In Engineering Materials. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56486-4_4.

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Noor, Nurul Zahirah Mohd, Zainal Abidin Zailani, Roshaliza Hamidon, and Norshah Afizi Shuaib. "Machinability of Nickel Titanium Shape Memory Alloys: A Review." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0866-7_37.

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Bhaumik, S. K., K. V. Ramaiah, and C. N. Saikrishna. "Nickel–Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Wires for Thermal Actuators." In Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering. Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1913-2_11.

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Endoh, Kazuki, Masaki Tahara, Tomonari Inamura, Hee Young Kim, Shuichi Myazaki, and Hideki Hosoda. "Phase Constitution and Mechanical Properties of Ti-Mo-Sn-Zr Shape Memory Alloys." In Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119296126.ch294.

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Antico, F. C., P. D. Zavattieri, and L. G. Hector Jr. "Adhesion of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Wires to Polymeric Materials: Theory and Experiment." In Supplemental Proceedings. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118357002.ch71.

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Ho, J. P. Y., R. W. Y. Poon, Y. T. Xie, P. C. T. Ha, and Paul K. Chu. "Anti-Corrosion Properties of Nitrogen and Oxygen Plasma-Implanted Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-12-4.111.

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Maji, Bikas C., and Madangopal Krishnan. "Effect of Nitrogen and Nickel on the Microstructure and the Shape Memory Behaviour of Fe-Mn-Si-Cr Alloys." In ICOMAT. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118803592.ch51.

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Barouk, Louis Samuel. "The Double Compressive Nickel-Titanium Shape-Memory Staple in Foot Surgery." In Shape Memory Implants. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59768-8_12.

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Thierry, B., M. Tabrizian, Y. Merhi, L. Bilodeau, O. Savadogo, and L’H Yahia. "Effects of Surface Modification Induced by Sterilization Processes on the Thrombogenicity of Nickel-Titanium Stents." In Shape Memory Implants. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59768-8_18.

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Hosoda, Hideki, Takuya Ishigaki, Yuri Shinohara, Tomonari Inamura, Kenji Goto, and Shuichi Miyazaki. "Shape Memory Behavior of Ti-Au-Cr Biomedical Alloy." In Proceedings of the 13th World Conference on Titanium. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119296126.ch284.

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Conference papers on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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Predki, Wolfgang, and Bjo¨rn Bauer. "Safety Clutches With Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys." In ASME 2009 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2009-1262.

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The ability of Shape Memory Alloys (SMA) to remind two different macroscopic shapes and to alter between these shapes by changing their temperature, leads to innovative approaches within drive technology. Especially Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Shape Memory Alloys offer high actuating forces and adjustment travel in combination with high cycle stability. The shape memory effect is based on the transformation between martensitic and austenitic microstructure depending on the temperature of the actuators. The transformation temperatures in the range of 20°C to 100°C make NiTi SMA attractive for engineering applications. This paper investigates the technical use of NiTi SMA as actuators within a safety clutch. Safety clutches serve in power trains as torque limiting elements with the aim to prevent destruction of the working machine or the motor. Based on the concept of a friction clutch the conceptual design of the NiTi safety clutch is developed and followed by the design and manufacturing of a prototype. The activation of the NiTi actuators occurs as a result of the frictional heat at the friction pads when the torque limit is exceeded and the clutch slips. The actuators transform from martensitic to austenitic condition. Their stiffness increases so that the actuators are able to open the clutch. This leads to a complete collapse of the torque. During the cooling phase the transformation from austenite to martensite occurs and the NiTi actuators are deformed again. The friction pads are clamped with their original force and the clutch is able to transmit the demanded torque. The mechanical dimensioning of the actuator system is figured out as well as the measurement results of the analysis on the testing bench. The variation of the input parameters like torque and speed and the variation of the actuator system itself show possibilities and frontiers of this technology.
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Stöckel, D. "Industrial Applications of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys." In ESOMAT 1989 - Ist European Symposium on Martensitic Transformations in Science and Technology. EDP Sciences, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/esomat/198904006.

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"Microstructure Formation and Transformation Behavior in Titanium Nickelide with Variose Grain Size of B2 Austenite." In Shape Memory Alloys 2018. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644900017-13.

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"The Influence of Cr2O3 and NiO on the Phase Transformation of Anatase-Rutile of Titanium Dioxide." In Shape Memory Alloys 2018. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644900017-26.

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James, Erik, Jamil Grant, Michael Alberter, Nastassja Dasque, Cynthia Price, and William J. Craft. "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Motors and Electromechanical Devices." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-15119.

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Shape memory alloys (SMA) have been an extensively used material for actuators in micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) because actuation force and displacement are greatest in SMA amongst many actuator materials [1]. Of the alloys currently available for SMA actuators, the most popular system is Nitinol (or NiTi) due to its good oxidation resistance, reversible martensitic transformation, broad range of transformation temperatures (from -100 - 100 °C), and specific power density [2]. Current commercially available SMA wire has easily achieved no-load strain of 5% with medium gage SMA wires demonstrating an axial force capacity of 2 Newtons or more. While the potential use of SMA materials in a thermal-electric motor has been documented beginning in the 1980's, there are a number of new allows and fatigue-resistant materials that may lead to more general designs with a wide range of motions and applications. Shape memory alloys are a special type of material that exhibit two unique properties, pseudo-elasticity and shape memory effect (SME). SMA undergoes SME because of martensitic or diffusionless transformation where each atom has a slight displacement, creating observable changes throughout the structure as the allow changes states. This alloy has the ability, once heated, to return to its parent austenite phase where it exists at higher symmetry. Upon cooling, the material returns to one of many lower symmetry martensitic phases. This thermal cycle is shown in Figure 1. [3,4]. It is even possible for many variants of martensite to be present in the same material. Pseudo-elasticity is a rubber-like flexibility that allows the SMA to be contorted for a variety of purposes. Once contorted, the application of heat will cause the alloy to undergo martensitic transformation. Upon completion of the cycle, the alloy will have returned to its original shape. The development of SMA-based electromechanical devices delivers traditional mechanical motion with non-traditional methods. Rather than electromagnetic components rotating about a central axis to produce power, the rotary SMA motor utilizes contracting elements, and mush as spark ignition rotary engine, it can be designed to produce angular motion. Motion is accomplished with sequenced electrical signals sent across each element mounted between an eccentric crank. Rotary motion is produced during the power portion of the cycle for specific SMA elements under the application of an electrical signal. Based on this concept, our team developed a demonstration model with four active elements. We have demonstrated rotary motion of the device for an extended period of time, and we believe that macro-scale models can reduce the concept substantially and perhaps to the MEMS level.
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Ma, Jianfeng, Mahmud Anjir Karim, Muhammud P. Jahan, Sally Jee Hyun Shim, and Shuting Lei. "Nanosecond Laser Modification of Nickel-Titanium Based Shape Memory Alloys." In ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2022-95292.

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Abstract Nickel-Titanium based Shape Memory Alloys (Ni-Ti SMAs), a group of special advanced engineering materials, are gaining popularity in industrial engineering and biomedical engineering for their superior properties. for example, amazing shape memory effects (SME), high strength, excellent corrosion and wear resistance, pseudoelasticity, outstanding biocompatibility and biodegradability. Industrial applications of Nickel-Titanium based SMAs include phone antennas, sensors and actuators in aerospace industry, automotive industries, and robotics. Biomedical engineering applications of this group of SMAs include cardiovascular field, neurosurgical field, orthodontic and orthopedic field. The fact that this group of SMAs are very sensitive to stress and mechanical tension makes it very difficult to be machined using conventional manufacturing processes. As a result, many research studies have focused on improving the machinability of this SMA using non-traditional manufacturing processes. In this study, the Continuum Surelite Class III nanosecond laser system with 1064 nm wavelength and 5 nanosecond pulse width is used to modify the surface of a Nickel-Titanium based SMA. The effects of laser pulse energy level and lens-to-samples distance on the crater and slot forming are evaluated. Single shot mode of the laser system is used to generate craters, and totally six laser pulse energy levels are used. In addition, three lens-to-sample distance values are selected. These six energy levels are 0.053 J, 0.122 J, 0.296 J, 0.415 J, 0.526 J, and 0.662 J, respectively. The three different lens-to-sample distance values are 150 mm, 170 mm, and 190 mm, respectively. The focal length of the lens is 150 mm. Continuous shot mode of the laser system is used to machine slots on the Ni-Ti based SMA. For slot forming, two energy levels (0.296 J and 0.662 J) and two lens-to-sample distance values (150 mm and 190 mm) along with two different overlapping ratios (0.75 and 0.95) are used. A 3D surface profilometer is used to study the variation of crater depth with laser parameters. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) analyses are used to investigate surface topography, surface modification, and laser-induced elemental composition on the Ni-Ti based SMA surfaces. The crater diameter and depth were found to vary with the laser energy levels and lens-to-sample distances. The surface finish and topography were also found to be influenced by the laser parameters. Finally, a suitable range of parameters for improved surface finish and targeted surface modification have been identified for nanosecond laser processing of Nickel-Titanium based SMA.
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Daly, M., A. Pequegnat, Y. Zhou, and M. I. Khan. "Fabrication of a Novel Monolithic NiTi Based Shape Memory Microgripper via Multiple Memory Material Processing." In ASME 2011 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2011-4903.

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The exciting thermomechanical behavior of nickel-titanium shape memory alloys have sparked significant research efforts seeking to exploit their exotic shape memory properties. The performance capabilities of conventional nickel-titanium alloys are currently limited, however, by the retention of only one shape memory geometry. In this paper we demonstrate the application of an unprecedented manufacturing process known as Multiple Memory Material technology to create a novel monolithic nickel-titanium shape memory microgripper. In our design, actuation and gripping maneuvers are achieved by thermally activating processed material regions which possess unique shape memory transformation temperatures and shape set geometries. The existence of multiple shape memory regimes is confirmed through differential scanning calorimetry analysis and in situ resistivity measurements.
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Livingston Welch, Christian. "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Thermal Buoyancy Engine." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2013-s02.

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Nitinol, a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, was analyzed for its feasibility as a linear actuator to be used in a thermal buoyancy engine of an autonomous underwater ocean glider fueled by the temperature gradient of the ocean's thermocline. A nitinol mass suspension apparatus was fabricated to measure the displacement of an array of masses ranging from 0:5kg to 8kg as the wire was transitioned into its heated austenite phase, and then cooled back to its martensite phase, thus representing the expansion and contraction of a buoyancy engine piston under hydrostatic pressure. In validation of nitinol manufacturer Dynalloy; Inc: specifications, the maximum stroke observed in this dead weight bias configuration was 4:25±0:24%, only a 6% difference from the documented 4% stroke.
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Joshi, V. S. "Dynamic Characterization of Shape Memory Titanium Alloys." In SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER - 2003: Proceedings of the Conference of the American Physical Society Topical Group on Shock Compression of Condensed Matter. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1780306.

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Nasirova, N. N., and S. A. Arefieva. "Exploring and using shape memory materials." In IV International Scientific Conference MIP: Engineering-IV-2022: Modernization, Innovations, Progress: Advanced Technologies in Material Science, Mechanical and Automation Engineering. Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/mip.4.2022.4.18-24.

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A brief overview of the production and application of materials with shape memory effect is given. Data are given, the emergence of such a concept as the shape memory effect in general, as well as data on the first studies of materials with a shape memory effect (SME), data indicating the absence of hardening of the process of accumulation of deformations of direct martensitic transformation in shape memory alloys. It is told about the occurrence of internal stresses, tending to return the structure to its original state. The advantages and uniqueness of these alloys are shown. The shape memory effect of metals is associated with special types of deformation - martensitic transformations. How does martensitic transformation depend on temperature Also, most shape memory alloys most often contain alloys of copper, aluminum and nickel, as well as nickel and titanium. Widespread use of such materials in various spheres of life. The characteristics of the effect of shape memory and reversible shape memory are considered. The implementation of mechanisms with the memory shape effect is analyzed. The range of applications of these materials is growing day by day and promises many more interesting things. Shape memory materials are the materials of the future.
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Reports on the topic "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloys"

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Srour, Merric D., Cory R. Knick, and Christopher J. Morris. Characterization of Sputtered Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) Stress and Thermally Actuated Cantilever Bimorphs Based on NiTi Shape Memory Alloy (SMA). Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada623954.

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