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Journal articles on the topic 'Nigerian Architecture'
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Kwami, H. I., B. Hassan, and F. Mustapha. "An Assessment of Management Knowledge, Skills and Abilities of Nigerian Architects: Towards a Sustainable Management in Architectural Practice." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1054, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1054/1/012038.
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Abstract Architecture is a profession and business outfit that is facing Management-related challenges at all levels. These problems manifest themselves in various forms ranging from inadequate curriculum coverage, insufficient literature, professional ineptitude, and leadership management competencies flaws to globalization challenges as well as low Architects population ratio among others. This paper assessed management-related knowledge, skills and abilities possessed by Nigerian Architects by using Relative Importance Index to determine areas that Nigerian Architects have competitive advantages or disadvantages. A structured survey questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale was administered to 122 randomly selected Architects, while descriptive statistical analysis provided answers to the research questions and hypothesis. Findings of the paper revealed that Nigerian Architects have Management know how in Design, Time and Project Managements but are lacking in Maintenance, Property and Enterprise Managements to bring about Sustainable Architectural Practice. The result of the study also upheld the null hypothesis that Management Knowledge, Skills and Abilities of Nigerian Architects does not depend on their Academic Qualifications but rejected the null hypothesis that Professional classifications of Nigerian Architects does not influence their Management Knowledge, Skills and Abilities. The paper concluded that Nigerian Architecture curriculum and practice are deficient in essential management knowhow to bring about sustainable Architectural Management practice in the country. The paper, therefore recommends that curriculum and practice of Architecture be rich in management theories and practices for a Sustainable Architectural practice in the country.
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Obia, Ajah Ekpeni, and Isaiah Dickson Obot. "The Awareness of Sustainability Principles in the Practice of Architecture in the Developing World: A Survey of South-South Nigeria." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 6 (November 30, 2016): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n6p204.
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Contemporary Nigerian architecture seems to lack the ‘green’ in architecture due mainly to inadequate knowledge of the principles of sustainability; a serious environmental and sustainability problem. The objective of this paper therefore is to examine the degree of the spread of the knowledge of sustainable (green) architecture in the <em>South-South Region</em> of Nigeria. The result shall be used to judge what obtains in Nigeria and by extension, in most developing world countries, especially in Africa, south of the Sahara. This study will also create greater awareness among the practitioners of the profession. The study was done through the questionnaire/interview (technique), which sought to find how much the architects in the south-south of Nigeria knew about sustainable architecture. The analysis involved the use of means and percentages. The results of the analysis show that all the respondents agreed that the application of the principles of green architecture is very important in the practice of architecture in Nigeria, but only 12.5 % have clients who are knowledgeable about sustainability in the practice of architecture, The outcome of the analysis paved way for the conclusion and recommendations that, 1) many architects from Nigeria are yet to practice green architecture; a step they have to take if they must catch up with their counterparts from the developed nations, 2) Nigerian architects should be encouraged to train and retrain in the concepts and application of green architecture, 3) codes for sustainable building and designs should be introduced into building codes for use by all, 4) Governments and private organizations should encourage serious projects and researches on green architecture by providing funds and other necessary logistics.
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Moughtin, J. C., and Z. R. Dmochowski. "An Introduction to Nigerian Traditional Architecture: Volume 1, Northern Nigeria." African Arts 26, no. 2 (April 1993): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3337129.
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Ojo, Aderonke, Uchechi Ohajionu, and Tosin Ayo. "An Exploratory Discourse of the Operational Connection between Corporate Governance and Creative Accounting in Oil Company Administration in Nigeria." American Journal of Leadership and Governance 6, no. 1 (June 16, 2021): 8–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajlg.730.
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This paper delves into and illuminates on the practices and successes of new and creative governance and accounting practices in Nigeria's oil and gas industry. The purpose of the paper is to find the nexus between corporate governance and creative accounting in Nigerian oil companies. It highlights various management concepts and facets of corporate governance in the Nigerian context that are immoral, but done in the interest of profit maximisation. The study also curiously documents how corporate governance affects the business model of Nigerian companies. This is mostly a doctrinal research that relies heavily on secondary data as obtained from available literature on creative accounting and corporate governance. Finally, there are several corporate governance procedures used in the oil and gas sector of Nigeria which often heavily reflects poorly on the efficiency of the firms, most notably the enforcement of criteria and metrics and their participation in decision-making. Often, the examination of calculation methods, their implementation, their outcomes, and their practical applications in the market environment. It is, without doubt, the reality that Nigerian companies, particularly those in the oil industry, are enmeshed in the practice. The paper finds that there is no guarantee those who are in charge of corporate governance who employ creative accounting will be able to do the best they can to create strategic and financial performance for Nigerian firms, most especially as better decisions are needed for stimulating the economy and recommends that ethical conduct, organizational transparency, accountability and probity be inculcated as an integral policy architecture for corporate governance in Nigeria's oil industry whilst advocating that the concept of separation of powers must be adopted to corporate governance if sustainability, lack of corporate impunity and a culture of unethical conduct in the boardroom would not be perpetually occasioned.
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Utulu, Samuel, and Omolara Bolarinwa. "Contents and Architecture of Nigerian Universities’ Websites." Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology 9 (2012): 385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/1614.
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Obia, Ajah Ekpeni. "Emerging Nigerian Megacities and Sustainable Development: Case Study of Lagos and Abuja." Journal of Sustainable Development 9, no. 2 (February 15, 2016): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v9n2p27.
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<p>It is estimated that by 2020 half of Nigerians shall live in urban centres. Nigeria has scores of such centres, with many showing the tendency of becoming megacities in a no distant future. One of these cities, Lagos (already a megacity), shall by projection, have a population of 24 million persons by 2020. The other, Abuja, is one of the fastest growing cities on earth. Generally, the world is now known to parade far larger cities than history has ever recorded. Some of these cities are quite magnificent and glorious - London, Paris, Tokyo and New York. On the other hand, Lagos and Mumbai are classic examples of urban failures. What separate the two classes of cities are the approaches to the design of their urban fabrics and management of their ecology. Whereas the former cities have adopted robust sustainability principles in their architecture and urban design/regeneration as well as efficient urban management programmes, the latter appear to be partially or totally non-committal. This paper examines the evolving Nigerian mega cities and their potentials for sustainable survival, with particular reference to Lagos and Abuja, using indices of economic productivity, social equity and environmental concerns. The result shows that the two cities failed these sustainability tests. The cause is traceable to unsustainable architecture being practiced. About half of the total global energy consumption comes from buildings. Eco-design prescriptions of the architect would guarantee urban sustainability. Thus, this paper recommends a national green building code for Nigeria.</p>
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Dorcas Mobolade, Tolulope, and Parastoo Pourvahidi. "Bioclimatic Approach for Climate Classification of Nigeria." Sustainability 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2020): 4192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12104192.
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One of the fundamental determinants of buildings is the protection of the people who live and work within them from a harsh climate, but a lot of buildings in Nigeria are no longer providing the required comfort needed. The gas emissions through the use of mechanical equipment and lack of energy efficiency in buildings are the major causes of climate change. The way architecture responds to climate change is important. Thus, this research attempted, by using the new bioclimatic chart, to prepare the new climate classification of Nigeria. The research was aimed at establishing a bioclimatically based approach for architecture in Nigeria. By retrieving the climatic data from thirty-six Nigerian meteorological stations about characteristics of each region, bioclimatic analysis was achieved. According to the bioclimatic analysis of this research, Nigeria can be divided into five different climatic regions, such as hot-dry, hot-humid, temperate-dry, temperate-humid, and temperate-dry with a cool climate. We aimed to prove that the climate classification gives the proper answer, dependent upon the vernacular architecture analyzed on Nigeria.
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Mohammed Nasiru, Ibrahim, Usman Salisu Ogbo, Abdullahi Abdullazeez Osuwa, and Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde. "CHALLENGES OF LEADERSHIP AND FOLLOWERSHIP IN NIGERIAN GOVERNANCE ARCHITECTURE: AN ANALYTICAL REVIEW." Politička revija 69, no. 3/2021 (November 8, 2021): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/pr.6932021.4.
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The paper examines the challenges of leadership and followership in governance and how poor leadership has undermined democratic and sustainable development in Nigeria. Specifically, it explores reasons why one of the world most endowed nations in human capacity continues to be bequeathed mis-governance. Using documentary approach, we argue that the challenges for poor leadership and followership in Nigeria’s contemporary political system are tied to corruption and self-aggrandizement of leaders and followers with unquenchable self-centeredness coupled with a crop of leaders without vision towards the betterment of the country. We conclude however that Nigerians should focus on electing leaders with proven track records of selfless service, achievement towards geared sustainability and developmental stride for efficiency, effectiveness and higher productivity. If this was done in line with the intent to salvage the crumbling political system, there would be renewed value orientation that is required to make Nigerians more politically responsible to the country.
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Olaniran, A., I. Awoyelu, A. Amoo, and B. Akinyemi. "A Hybrid Recommendation Architecture for Nigerian Online Stores." British Journal of Applied Science & Technology 12, no. 5 (January 10, 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjast/2016/21466.
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Obianuju, Enwerekowe Ebelechukwu, and Mangden Daniel Diyenaan. "Why does Female Underrepresentation Persist in Nigerian Architecture?" Civil Engineering and Architecture 7, no. 4 (July 2019): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13189/cea.2019.070401.
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Omokhodion, Akuewanbhor. "Globalization and an African city: Lagos." Ekistics and The New Habitat 73, no. 436-441 (December 1, 2006): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.53910/26531313-e200673436-441119.
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The author, Chairman of Omokhodion Associates Ltd and Omokhodion Group, has received his academic degrees in architecture and city planning from the University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Ghana; the Athens Center of Ekistics, Athens, Greece; Yale University, New Haven, CO, USA ; the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA; and the University of Lagos, Nigeria. In his long career, he has held key posts as Technical Officer in Training and as architect in the Federal Ministry of Works & Housing; as Physical Planning Assistant to Vice-Chancellor, University of Lagos, and has been director and chief designer of major architectural, landscape, urban design and urban planning projects in Nigeria at a broad range of scales. He has been a member of the Landuse and Allocation Committee, Bendel State; the Presidential Committee on the Accelerated Development of Abuja; the UNESCO Commission for Nigeria; Director of the Western Textile Mills Ltd; and is currently a member on the Panel on the Reorganization of NNPC. Dr Omokhodion is also a Fellow of the Nigerian Institute of Architects and the Nigerian Institute of Town Planners, and a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects and the World Society for Ekistics. The text that follows is a slightly edited version of a paper presented at the international symposion on "Globalization and Local Identity, " organized jointly by the World Society for Ekistics and the University of Shiga Prefecture in Hikone, Japan, 19-24 September, 2005.
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PALLY, AGIDI EJIME. "Electoral Violence in Nigerian Polity: Causes and Consequences." International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities 03, no. 09 (2022): 01–07. http://dx.doi.org/10.47505/ijrss.2022.v3.9.1.
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Nigerian polity over the years has witnessed several electoral processes and elections which have been characterized by various forms of violence. These have equally resulted into negative indices such as political apathy among the electorates, loss of lives and properties, low economic growth, poor standard of living and stunted political development. The paper examines electoral violence and its prevalence in Nigerian polity. The paper focuses on the factors behind the continuous occurrences of electoral violence in almost all the elections conducted in Nigeria at the federal, state and local government levels since independence. The study is a qualitative research which relied on secondary sources of information and anchored on elite theory as its theoretical framework of analysis. The paper finds that poverty, unemployment, financial inducement of elective positions, bad governance and loose security architecture among others are the causes of electoral violence in Nigeria. The paper further reveals that electoral violence creates fear among the electorates and some interested candidates which hinders their political participation and interests resulting in political apathy. The paper posits that electoral violence is an obstacle to good governance, peaceful coexistence and political development in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommends among others, that political education, public enlightenment, eradication of poverty through people oriented government policies and creation of jobs for the idle youths will help to ameliorate the occurrences of electoral violence in Nigeria polity.
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Babatunde, Solomon Olusola, Damilola Ekundayo, Chika Udeaja, and Uthman Olawande Abubakar. "Stakeholder perceptions of drivers for, and barriers to, the incorporation of sustainability in PPP infrastructure projects in Nigeria." Open House International 45, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 373–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ohi-05-2020-0037.
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Purpose Although several studies have been undertaken on sustainability within infrastructure projects, limited attention has paid to the drivers for, and the barriers to, the incorporation of sustainability in public–private partnership (PPP) infrastructure projects through empirical study, particularly in Nigeria. Therefore, this study aims to identify and examine the drivers that promote sustainability in Nigerian PPP infrastructure projects and assess the barriers to the full integration of sustainability practices into current Nigerian PPP infrastructure projects. Design/methodology/approach Primary data were collected using a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire survey was targeted on four different stakeholders’ organizations. They were public sector authorities, concessionaires, consultants and banks already undertaking PPP infrastructure projects in Lagos State, Nigeria. The obtained data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean score, standard deviation and the Kruskal–Wallis test. Findings The study identified 17 drivers that promote the incorporation of sustainability in PPP infrastructure projects. The analysis of the total ranking of the drivers in Nigeria revealed the top five ranked drivers to be: consideration of long-term performance; contractual arrangements; incentives for new market penetration; award criteria; and selection criteria, respectively. The study further identified 11 barriers to sustainability integration in PPP infrastructure projects and the top five ranked barriers in Nigeria are as follows: comprehensive sustainability procurement guidelines; no enabling environment; education needs; uncertain economic environment; and a lack of clear government policy, respectively. The results of the Kruskal–Wallis test conducted on both the 17 identified drivers for, and the 11 barriers to, the incorporation of sustainability in Nigerian PPP infrastructure projects revealed that there is no significant statistical difference in both rankings from the perceptions of the aforementioned four different respondents’ groups. Research limitations/implications The study provides empirical insights on the knowledge and awareness of drivers which could lead to a greater uptake in sustainability measures by the stakeholders in Nigerian PPP projects; it also identified barriers to overcome. Originality/value The importance of the incorporation of sustainability in public procurement cannot be over-emphasized. It is anticipated that the study will be of great value to PPP stakeholders involved in sustainability decision-making processes when delivering sustainable PPP projects.
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Vlach, John Michael, J. C. Moughtin, and Z. R. Dmochowski. "The Work of Z. R. Dmochowski: Nigerian Traditional Architecture." African Arts 22, no. 2 (February 1989): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3336711.
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Abdullahi, Isa, and Wan Zahari Wan Yusoff. "Influence of facilities performance on student’s satisfaction in Northern Nigerian universities." Facilities 37, no. 3/4 (February 28, 2019): 168–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-08-2017-0088.
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PurposeHigher institutions in Nigeria have witnessed an increase in the number of student enrolments; Northern Nigerian universities are not excluded. As the number of students increases, so do their needs in terms of facilities such as lecture halls, libraries, laboratories, accommodation, studios, furniture and other auxiliary facilities services (among others things). The purpose of this study is to explore the structural characteristics of building features’ performance and to statistically group them into building components (dependent) and physical and non-physical building features (independent) constructs, relating to influence of facilities’ performance in student satisfaction in Northern Nigerian universities.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires used were designed to collect data on both academic facilities, based on student experience and satisfaction with respect to physical and non-physical facilities. The school building assessment method questionnaire by Sanoff (2001) was adapted. Hence, the validity and reliability of measures was examined via academicians and data analysis with statistical package of social science (SPSS) version 22. In general, the values of alpha coefficients were above 0.80.FindingsThe result of exploratory factor analysis revealed that all factors loaded more than 0.61. In conclusion, the results indicated acceptable factor loadings and effective grouping of the features according to the conceptualised framework for the building component. A hypothetical model of building components was then proposed, suggesting the effects of physical and non-physical building features on building components.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has been applied to a Northern Nigerian university. The research should be expanded to other institutions offering higher education.Practical implicationsBased on a conceptual framework, the study gives practical insights concerning the performance of building component as a key success factor for higher education institutions’ (HEIs) facilities.Originality/valueTherefore, the need to develop and improve instruments that will reflects facilities performance for students satisfaction in Nigerian universities became paramount. Thus there is lack of an integrating framework for facilities performance as well as students satisfaction and experience in the context of Nigerian HEIs, especially in the region of northern Nigeria.
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Oaikhinan, Eguakhide P. "The Need for Individualized System of Instruction in Engineering and Related Fields in Nigerian Universities." Journal of Educational Technology Systems 16, no. 2 (December 1987): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/5mmq-1jfw-f0aj-b8wv.
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Nigerian universities are faced with problems of finding enough textbooks and other physical means of meeting the educational requirements of disciplines like architecture, materials science, and engineering. Current instructional methods and their problems are outlined. The need for the introduction of the module system in engineering and related disciplines in Nigerian universities is recognized.
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Aniakor, Chike C., and Z. R. Dmochowski. "An Introduction to Nigerian Traditional Architecture: Volume 3, South-Eastern Nigeria: The Igbo-Speaking Areas." African Arts 27, no. 1 (January 1994): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3337181.
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Olanrewaju, Oludolapo, Sunday Ajiboye Babarinde, and Comfort Salihu. "Current State of Building Information Modelling in the Nigerian Construction Industry." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 27, no. 2 (November 5, 2020): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.27.2.25142.
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Building Information Modelling (BIM) has been applied to various aspects of construction processes in developed countries but Nigeria is yet to realize the full potentials of BIM. It has greater relevance for the commercial and public subsectors as it enhances construction productivity. This study examines current state of BIM in the Nigerian construction industry. The study adopted quantitative research approach by eliciting primary data through questionnaire which was administered to 150 respondents, of which 90 were returned and considered valid for further analysis. The data were analysed using mean item score and correlation. It was revealed that BIM awareness level is only high at the design stage of a building life cycle while it is extremely low at the construction and facility management stages. Also, the commonly used BIM compliant software packages in the Nigerian construction industry were identified to be: Autodesk Quantity Takeoff, Revit Architecture, and SketchUp. The study however recommends that: stakeholders of the construction industry should be educated on how to use BIM complaint software packages throughout the life cycle of a building and its benefits; Government should invest heavily on BIM related research so as to enhance the body of knowledge of BIM in Nigeria and develop a suitable framework for BIM implementation; federal Government should enact policies that will encourage the implementation of BIM in Nigeria.
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Ejohwomu, Obuks Augustine, Olalekan Shamsideen Oshodi, and Ka Chi Lam. "Nigeria’s construction industry: barriers to effective communication." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 4 (July 17, 2017): 652–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2016-0003.
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Purpose Communication plays an important role in the quality of the relationship, trust and collaboration among construction project teams. Literature suggests that effective communication is vital for achieving improved project performance. The purpose of this paper is to identify and assess the barriers to effective communication in the Nigerian construction industry, using attribution theory paradigm. Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires detailing 15 barriers to effective communication were administered to consultants and contractors engaged in the Nigerian construction sector. In total, 100 valid responses were analysed using mean score, factor analysis and factor score. Findings Unclear project objectives, ineffective reporting systems and poor leadership were ranked as the most significant barriers to effective communication. Factor analysis uncovered that the principal reasons responsible for ineffective communication include: managerial and technical barriers and credibility and background barriers. Practical implications The results provide information on barriers which needs to be addressed in order to improve communication in construction projects in Nigeria. There is a need to conduct post-completion reviews of construction projects so that project team members can learn and share knowledge on past experiences. Although the present study was conducted in the Nigerian context, it is envisaged that the research outcome will be widely applicable to other developing countries. Originality/value The study provides insights on the perceived barriers to effective communication in Nigerian construction projects. The paper presents the direction for further research aimed at improving communication in construction projects in Nigeria.
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Abdulkadir, Abdulkadir Bolaji, and Abdulfatai Oladapo Sambo. "Data Privacy Rights and Bankers’ Business Interests in Nigeria: Reflections on Opportunities, Challenges and Legal Reforms." Jurnal Undang-undang dan Masyarakat 30 (May 1, 2022): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/juum-2022-30-01.
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Data (Personal Information), the oil of the digital age, has taken the centre stage due to increasing use of technology in almost all human endeavours. This is not unconnected to the large scale unlawful usage of people’s data by cyber criminals. This is particularly the situation in banking sector. Yet, Nigeria seems to be lagging behind in its efforts to protect this right through effective legislative framework to protect individual information from unlawful and unauthorised possession or use. Nonetheless, efforts are on top gear at the global level to stem this ugly tide. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate the Data Protection challenges in the Nigerian banking sector with critical analysis of the current legal framework for the protection of personal information in the Nigerian banking sector. Using doctrinal methods where primary and secondary sources of legal materials were subjected to content analysis, the study found that legal architecture on data protection in Nigeria is weak and ineffective in stemming the tide of the challenges posed by data challenges. It was also concluded that effective legal framework on data protection is necessary for the enjoyment of the opportunities of this digital age. The study thus recommended that there should be effective data protection legislation in Nigeria particularly in the banking sector that would protect data privacy as well as the legitimate business interests of bankers.
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Sucuoğlu, Esen, and Azubike Umunze Andrew. "Administrators and Students on E-Learning: The Benefits and Impacts of Proper Implementation in Nigeria." Electronics 11, no. 10 (May 22, 2022): 1650. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11101650.
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The quest for better education and knowledge acquisition has triggered the introduction, acceptance and incorporation of e-learning into Nigerian learning. The introduction of the concept of e-learning to Nigerian learning can be dated back to the 1980s, when reputable Nigerians enrolled in several universities in London. In addition, the introduction of e-learning to a premier university in Nigeria, rooted in the college of Ibadan, led to greater interest, causing locals to seek extramural work and other studies at Oxford University. This study examines the impacts that proper educational administration, policy making and implementation, as well as the adoption of e-learning, can have to fix the dilapidated Nigerian educational structure. A quantitative method of data collection was used, through well-structured questionnaires for both administrators and students issued to the four universities sampled in this study. A total of 240 questionnaires were issued to respondents, with 60 each to the different universities and with 30 each for both students and administrators. A total of 180 were retrieved, and descriptive analysis was carried out with SPSS (23). Internal consistency was determined with Cronbach’s alpha, having an internal consistency of 0.78. The findings show that all the administrators were graduates with a minimum of a Bachelor’s degree. It was revealed that 32 (17.8%) of the students possessed smartphones as gadgets for e-learning and that administrators contributed to the enhancement of student performance, hence creating impacts in their examination grades, with a mean of 2.66, being rated ‘Good’ for their performance. Unfavorable government policies and unprofessionalism of administrators in e-learning implementations were the major constraints, with a mean of 4.6. The cost of the procurement of the needed resources (data) for e-learning also impacts e-learning. Internet resources used by the students contributed to huge success in e-learning for 28 (24.6%) and 24 (21.9%) students. Although the constraints limit the effectiveness of e-learning in Nigeria, it also impacts student advancement compared with the face-to-face learning process. The government’s proactive measures will improve e-learning.
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L.E. Asuelime, Legend, and Raquel A. Asuelime. "Media Jihad Conundrum in Nigeria: A Review of Military-Media Relations vis-à-vis Boko Haram." Journal of African Films & Diaspora Studies 4, no. 2 (August 1, 2021): 7–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.31920/2516-2713/2021/4n2a1.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the conundrum in military-media relations in Nigeria with regards to access and dissemination of strategic and tactical information that impacts counterterrorism efforts. Is there a line between media responsibility to report and the gathering and dissemination of strategic and tactical military information not meant for public consumption but filters to terrorists who are also members of the 'public'? Most times, such publications potentially afford Boko Haram terrorists prior notice of military plans, giving them early warnings that compromise military counter offensive. The paper is based on a study of academic and grey literature, official documents and journalistic coverage. The paper concludes that the Nigerian security forces have tried and failed to clamp down on tactical and strategic information in media reports that compromise its counterterrorism efforts in Nigeria – therefore the state should consider adopting Sri Lankan consequentialist approach to the existential problem. To address this conundrum, it is recommended that the Nigerian authority and its military architecture should adopt a State Consequential Approach on Terrorism and media issues; re-invent its Strategic Communication; Re-establishment of security and intelligence coordination; Develop an image recovery plan by raising quality standards, seek foreign support, and enact terrorism-related media legislations.
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Chinonso, Mark Kingsley, and Obi,Chinenye Blessing. "Drowning Security Apparatus; the Nexus of a Failing State of Nigeria, Threats to Lives and Properties in Anambra State in Perspective." Scholars Journal of Arts, Humanities and Social Sciences 10, no. 6 (June 21, 2022): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sjahss.2022.v10i06.006.
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Anambra State, Nigeria has become a hotbed of activities aggravated in the main by kidnappers, unknown-gunmen, cult related killings etc. The effects of these activities necessitate the problematic, as the state has become a flashpoint of incessant kidnaping, killings, loss of businesses and government owned properties and infrastructures worth several billions of Naira, if not in dollars within the space of one year. The above stances necessitated the need to x-ray Nigeria visa a viz Anambra state as a failing state. In the face of the current and numerous killings, hostage takings, destruction and burning of government owned properties etc, security presence notwithstanding. Hence the capacity of the state to exercise its constitutional assigned responsibility of protection of lives and properties of her citizenry remains in doubt. As the Nigerian security architect hardly secure and protect themselves in the face of these upheavals not to talk of her populace. In a bid to see the state of Nigeria which we proclaim, the Nigerian security forces are non-negotiable tools and agent of societal change and transformation, who can further be manipulated in the face of uncertainty against the state. It is in the light of the above that this paper employs a survey design, using secondary sources of data. It further engaged the combination of System and Structural Functionalism as its framework of analysis to reconnoiter the problematic. The paper concludes with a finding that sometimes the security agents are syndicates to the criminal elements that tear the corporate existence of Nigerian state in general, and Anambra state in particular. Thus recommends among others that grass root communication should be encouraged among the local people, and also re-orientation of the Anambra state security architecture on the oath of allegiance to their operational mechanism, even in the face of threat to lives and properties.
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Obi, Nicholas I., Joy Sylvia C. Obi, Francis O. Okeke, and Rosemary C. Nnaemeka-Okeke. "Pedagogical Challenges of Architectural Education in Nigeria; Study of Curriculum Contents and Physical Learning Environment." European Journal of Sustainable Development 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2022): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2022.v11n4p32.
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The current curriculum design, program and the state of the physical learning environment in the Nigerian schools of architecture seem inadequate and ineffective. The study examined the teaching of architecture in Nigerian tertiary institutions. The aim is to ascertain the state of the present curriculum contents and learning facilities. Major Challenges identified in this study include dearth of learning facilities, inability to reform the curriculum contents and limited financial resources allocation to run the schools. Also increasing unemployment for architecture graduates and unskilled nature of practicing graduates were also included. Highlighted in the discussion for necessary intervention by stakeholders of Nigerian tertiary institutions includes review and upgrading of existing curriculum, efficient time-management skills and collaborative teaching and learning techniques. For physical learning environment, literature points that a clean, bright, organized and open-plan ventilated space strengthens learning by motivation. The result from the survey carried out on physical classroom environment among students of tertiary institutions, indicates that the level of satisfaction was fairly satisfactory and that the students expressed that large halls, large corridors were the most available facilities (63.2% and 52.8% respectively). The major equipment in the classroom were whiteboards (100%), personal computers (47.2%) and digital projector or smart board (30.4%), while the available facilities for pleasant environment were attractive surroundings (100.0%). Adjustment of training methodology, improving training skills, retraining the trained, upgrading infrastructure and facilities; expansion of the curriculum and training program were recommended in order to comply with the current global trends.
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Maina, Joy Joshua. "PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF ARCHITECTURE GRADUATES: PERCEPTIONS FROM GRADUATES, ACADEMICS AND EMPLOYERS IN THE NIGERIAN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY." Built Environment Journal 15, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/bej.v15i2.9704.
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The clamour for better quality graduates by architects in the Nigerian Construction Industry (NCI) necessitates a look into the core competencies and the adequacy of architecture education in preparing architecture graduates for professional practice. 116 self-report likertscale questionnaires from architecture graduates (2009-2015), academics and employers were analysed to establish core competencies developed by the graduates while in school. Descriptive statistics, t-tests as well as Mann-Whitney tests for differences in ratings were employed for the study. Results reveal the perceived adequacy of architecture education for the future career of graduates from the academic perspective. Graduates were most proficient at design related competencies while AutoCAD was still considered the most important CAD competency for architecture graduates in the NCI. The study recommends more frequent evaluations of competencies for employability in collaboration with industry as well as embracing BIM related software in line with global best practices. Keywords: Academics, Architecture, Employers, Graduates, Professional competencies, NCI
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Dada, Joshua Oluwasuji. "An appraisal of paradigm shifts required of competence of the Nigerian quantity surveyors." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 1269–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-02-2016-0038.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the competence of Nigerian quantity surveyors with a view to identify and assess required areas of interest. Design/methodology/approach A structured questionnaire was administered among relevant groups of respondent (quantity surveyors, architects, engineers, builders and clients) in Nigeria. The respondents were asked to give rating, on a five-point Likert scale, on the required competencies (variables) expected of Nigerian quantity surveyors. A mean item score statistical analysis was used to rank the variables and compare them within the different groups. The analysis was undertaken using the Statistical Packages for Social Science tool. In exploring the underlying relationship among the competence requirement, factor analysis statistical technique was used to categorize them into key components. Findings The results of the study identified required competencies and factorized them into three components. These are as follows: procurement and value management; commercial management; and communication and entrepreneurship. Originality/value The findings provide insight into the competencies needed to be incorporated and/or intensified in the training of quantity surveyors in Nigeria.
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Ebhomien, L. E., O. Obarisiagbon, H. Omorogbe, and I. F. Omobude. "The Need for the Inclusion of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis in Architectural Design Education in Nigeria." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 1, no. 1 (March 2017): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2017.01.0008.
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The inclusion of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methodologies as functional design tools in architecture has become a staple feature in architectural studies and research work. The trend while necessitated by challenges presented by the actualities involved in architectural practice, takes for granted the acceptability and knowledgeability of the built environment professional. This study highlights the fact that for MCDM to find general adoption and to provide its benefit in widespread solutions, the architect to whom these methodologies are advanced, should have an introduction to these approaches, formally at the educational level. Therefore, this paper evaluates the need for the inclusion of MCDM in architectural curriculum in Nigerian schools of architecture. The views of practicing professional architects, faculty members and students, were quantitatively and qualitatively analysed in a cross-sectional survey administered via questionnaires. A total of 54 respondents were evaluated, with findings of the study, indicating the novelty of MCDM and a general consensus for its introduction into the architectural curriculum, but varied opinions at what stage it should be introduced: 64% (undergraduate level); 26% (Masters’ level) and 10% (postmasters’ level). Consequently, the study recommended that MCDM be introduced at the undergraduate level, because students would be better situated intellectually to apply, modify and diversify the methodology in architectural problem modelling in the long run.
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Okandeji, ME, OM Femi-Akinlosotu, OO Omotosho, and JO Olopade. "Dental pathologies in the nigerian local pigs (Sus scrofa)." Archives of Anatomy and Physiology 7, no. 1 (May 11, 2022): 001–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17352/aap.000019.
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Background: Dental pathologies are noticeable alterations or deviations from normal dental architecture and can be influenced by genetic or environmental factors. This present study aimed to identify and report the dental pathologies in the Nigerian local pig. Materials and methods: The cleaned skulls of 47 local pigs, aged between 3-51 months were assessed for observable dental abnormalities such as missing teeth, fractured teeth, persistent deciduous teeth, dental caries, dental calculus, and tooth rotation. Results: The study revealed that 98% of the skulls had dental attrition while 96% had stained teeth. About 66% had a least a missing tooth while 78% of adult skulls had at least one persistent deciduous tooth. Fractured tooth, dental calculus, dental caries, and tooth rotation were observed in 46.8%, 74.4%, 34% and 21.3%, respectively. The most common persistent deciduous tooth was the second maxillary incisor, whereas the most commonly missed tooth was the first mandibular premolar, which was bilateral in 75% of affected skulls. Dental calculus was not observed on skulls below 6 months, while the incisor tooth was the most affected tooth by dental attrition. Conclusions: The Nigerian local pig, like other breeds, is susceptible to and has dental pathologies. The data obtained from this study will be beneficial to farmers, as early detection of dental abnormalities will promote productivity and reduces economic losses in pig husbandry. It will also be useful to researchers, especially those using pigs in Nigeria as a model for translation research and comparative dental studies.
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Olaleye, Amuda Abayomi, and Obafemi Adeniyi Ibitoye. "ARCHITECT’S RESPONSE ON UTILISATION OF INTERLOCKING STABILISED SOIL BLOCKS AS AN ALTERNATIVE BUILDING MATERIAL FOR HOUSING PROJECTS IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 6, no. 5 (February 9, 2023): 198–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2022-0605-1191.
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Housing has become a major concern in Nigeria and requires sustainable intervention. The United Nations' position on the advantages of Interlocking Stabilised Soil blocks (ISSBs) in the year 2009 is fundamental to its usage for affordable housing delivery in developing nations. Considering the fact that the recent global economic challenges impacted the Nigerian economy, housing, recorded to be deficient by the Ministry of Housing in 2015 is a concern due to the tremendous rise in the cost of materials. This study assessed architects' response to the adoption of ISSBs as an alternative building material for Housing Projects in Southwest Nigeria towards recommending its widespread adoption for economical building construction works. The objectives were; to examine the role of architects in building material specifications; to explore characteristics of ISSBs that make them viable as an alternative building material, and to assess architects' response to the adoption of ISSBs. The study adopted a Mixed Method of Research in carrying out the assessment. Relevant literature was reviewed and necessary data were collected through interviews granted to the targeted respondents towards providing in-depth knowledge of ISSBs. Structured Questionnaires were administered to architects who are lecturers in selected schools of architecture who are members of the Association of Architectural Educators or registered with the Architects Registration Council of Nigeria. A total of 66 questionnaires were returned from the 70 administered. Findings revealed that architects have a huge role in building material specifications. ISSBs offer a passive solution to building challenges (better thermal comfort, quality indoor
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Adetoro Salau, Sadiat, Georgina U. Oyedum, F. P. Abifarin, S. J. Udoudoh, and Jibril A. Alhassan. "Performance assessment of electronic theses and dissertations initiatives in Nigeria." Digital Library Perspectives 36, no. 2 (May 16, 2020): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dlp-01-2020-0001.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of electronic theses and dissertations (ETD) initiatives in the repositories of federal government-owned universities due to the poor global visibility of ETDs from Nigeria. Design/methodology/approach An explanatory case study empirical research method was adopted for the study. Using an adapted methodology of Ghosh (2009) and multiple data gathering techniques, data was collected based on the three domains of the network of excellence on digital libraries (DELOS) digital library reference model. Findings The ETD initiatives in repositories of Nigerian federal universities have not made remarkable progress as digital libraries based on policy, content and system architecture. The specificity of ETDs is not clearly stated in the policies where available. The repositories housing the ETDs are also not compliant with the open archive initiative-protocol for metadata harvesting framework. Research limitations/implications The study focussed on ETD initiatives in federal government-owned universities. Although the findings of the study are relevant to other institutions in Nigeria and sub-Saharan Africa. It cannot be used as a basis for the generalisation based on other performance metrics. Practical implications This research study concluded that electronic theses and dissertations in Nigerian institutional repositories are not well managed for effective service delivery and long-term accessibility. The ill-management of the ETD initiatives is the reason for the poor global visibility and accessibility of these research output from this part of Africa. Originality/value The study assessed ETD initiatives using constructs from a theoretical framework.
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MSHELIZA Nicholas Elijah, AKINWUMI Olayemi, ZAMANI Andrew, CHUGALI Ayuba Umar, and ADAMA Ahmed Mohammed. "Maritime security strategy and operational performance in the fourth republic." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 16, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.16.2.1179.
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This study examines the maritime security strategies adopted by Nigerian government to ensure maximum security in the Nigeria maritime domain. The study looked at maritime security as the preventive and responsive actions to guard against threats and intended illegitimate acts in Nigeria. It tries to evaluate maritime security strategy and operational performance under the Fourth Republic. The study relies on secondary data with leverage on content analysis by examining literature concerning maritime security strategy and operational performance in the fourth republic through search for publicly available material and literature. The study engaged Routine Activity theory which explained that crime is the aftermath of combined result of three indispensable elements; motivated offender, suitable targets and the absence of capable guardians. The study revealed that Nigerian maritime security has a direct bearing on the State’s capacity to secure its national assets from attack. The study also discovered that the threats, and the inability of the Gulf of Guinea countries to adequately manage their maritime security have led to a call for regional approaches and external support to enhance Security in the Maritime environment. The study reveals that there is yet no national maritime policy which would capture the elements of maritime security. The study submitted that the protracted process of considering a Bill for maritime security apparently is a pointer to the lukewarm attitude towards the subject which confirms the need for political commitment to maritime security matters. The study recommends an urgent review of the existing maritime security architecture and increased investment to secure port facilities, maritime assets and the entire maritime domain.
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Mbaya, Emmanuel Baldwin, Babatunde Alao, Philip Ewejobi, Innocent Nwokolo, Victoria Oguntosin, and Emmanuel Adetiba. "NaijaCovidAPI: an application programming interface for retrieval of COVID19 data from the Nigerian Center for Disease Control web platform." F1000Research 10 (December 2, 2021): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.74998.1.
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Background: In this work, a COVID19 Application Programming Interface (API) was built using the Representational State Transfer (REST) API architecture and it is designed to fetch data daily from the Nigerian Center for Disease Control (NCDC) website. Methods: The API is developed using ASP.NET Core Web API framework using C# programming language and Visual Studio 2019 as the Integrated Development Environment (IDE). The application has been deployed to Microsoft Azure as the cloud hosting platform and to successfully get new data from the NCDC website using Hangfire where a job has been scheduled to run every 12:30 pm (GMT + 1) and load the fetched data into our database. Various API Endpoints are defined to interact with the system and get data as needed, data can be fetched from a single state by name, all states on a particular day or over a range of days, etc. Results: The results from the data showed that Lagos and Abuja FCT in Nigeria were the hardest-hit states in terms of Total Confirmed cases while Lagos and Edo states had the highest death causalities with 465 and 186 as of August 2020. This analysis and many more can be easily made as a result of this API we have created that warehouses all COVID19 Data as presented by the NCDC since the first contracted case on February 29, 2020. This system was tested on the BlazeMeter platform, and it had an average of 11Hits/s with a response time of 2905milliseconds. Conclusions: The extension of NaijaCovidAPI over existing COVID19 APIs for Nigeria is the access and retrieval of previous data. Our contribution to the body of knowledge is the creation of a data hub for Nigeria's COVID-19 incidence from February 29, 2020, to date
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Adetoro Adewunmi, Yewande, and Oluwaseun Damilola Ajayi. "Attitudes of Nigerian facilities management professionals to the benefits of benchmarking." Facilities 34, no. 7/8 (May 3, 2016): 468–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-06-2014-0057.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the benefits of benchmarking among Nigerian facilities management (FM) practitioners. Design/methodology/approach Data collection was through semi-structured interviews with 34 FM heads from three selected cities in Nigeria. Of this number, 16 were from Lagos, 10 from Abuja, while 8 managers were from Port Harcourt. These managers were selected using purposive sampling based on their experience in the field of FM across the various sectors of the economy. The interviews were analysed with Nvivo 10 software qualitative computer software so as to reduce manual tasks, discover tendencies and recognize themes on the practice, meaning and benefits of benchmarking. Matrix coding of the Nvivo software was used to distinguish between benefits realized by those that conduct formal and informal benchmarking. Findings The paper found that those that perform informal benchmarking find that the benchmarking tool helps them to improve performance, service quality and their processes. On the other hand, those that perform formal benchmarking affirmed that benchmarking helped them in making strategic plans, striving to be the best in the industry and obtaining explanations for those improvements that are made now and in the near future. Practical implications The results, therefore, suggest that formal benchmarking in Nigeria is needed in performing strategic role in FM, as well as in making good business case agitations. Practitioners also need to know the benefits of benchmarking to improve its usage. Originality/value The paper categorised FM benchmarking benefits. Also, there are limited empirical studies on benchmarking benefits in developing countries.
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Okeke, Francis O., Ibem O. Eziyi, Clifford A. Udeh, and Emmanuel C. Ezema. "City as Habitat; Assembling the Fragile City." Civil Engineering Journal 6, no. 6 (June 1, 2020): 1143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2020-03091536.
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The African continent is urbanizing at a breakneck pace and our cities are in a state of crisis. The causes may vary, so also is the degree of severity, but there is a widely felt sense of urban problems requiring urgent solutions. The nature of the problems is complex, with economic, social, educational, political and physical factors playing major roles in exacerbating the situation. Yet, whatever is perceived to be the most serious physical problems in a city, one key underlying question always present is: What can be done about the disaffection of people for their own urban environments? This issue of fragility may be seen in simple terms of a drop in the perceived desirability of the city as a place one can to live, work or shop in. Whatever the name, the fact is that too many Nigerian cities are becoming unattractive to many citizens and residents. This paper aims at identifying the various ways of assembling a fragile city. Through the review of existing literature, the paper highlights the causes of city fragility focusing on three Nigerian cities. It also discusses fragility as the main hurdle to implementing Sustainable Development Goals and how fragile situation birth architecture of fear. Then, it concludes by noting that developing nations in sub-Saharan Africa, including Nigeria need to be proactive in deconstructing their fragile cities.
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Oke, Ayodeji Emmanuel. "Bonding capability of Nigerian contracting firms." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 25, no. 6 (July 16, 2018): 707–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-01-2016-0007.
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Purpose The ability of construction contractors to engage in construction bond agreement with guarantors depends on capital, experience, capacity and continuity. Using these criteria, the purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the bonding capacity of Nigerian contractors. Design/methodology/approach Factors required for bonding were examined based on a set of questions addressed to managers of contracting firms and personnel involved in issuing bonds and guarantees in commercial banks and insurance companies. The scorecard approach was employed to determine the bonding capability of the contractors. Findings Contractors’ financial strength and past performance on previous projects are the two important factors considered by guarantors in granting bond to contractors. However, the condition surrounding the bond, the legal capacity of the guarantor to issue bond and the identity of the guarantor are mostly considered by contractors in approaching a potential guarantor. Using the scorecard approach, about one-third of contractors have the necessary requirements to engage in construction bond agreement with guarantors. This ability of contractors is affected by years of experience of the firm but not by their location nor years of experience of their manager. Practical implications It is necessary for contracting firms to increase their capital base through merging, borrowing, etc., and also engage experienced professionals and workers in the execution of construction projects, as this will eventually improve their bonding ability. Social implications The study is limited to construction contractors registered with Ondo and Lagos State Governments and guarantors that are banks and insurance companies in Nigeria. Originality/value The paper specified various areas of concerns for Nigerian contracting firms in their bid to enhance their bonding ability. This will help them in overcoming various challenges and bottlenecks that may arise in securing bonds and guarantees from guarantors.
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Onwuanyi, N., and A. Adekanmi. "A Critique of the Capital Market Content in Nigerian Real Estate Education." March 2022 6, no. 1 (March 2022): 71–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2022.01.0327.
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The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) is taking on an increasing relevance for the Nigerian estate surveyor and valuer as it grows in capitalization and sophistication. This can be seen in the NSE’s second-largest status in sub-Saharan Africa, the introduction of property securitization and the listing of property companies. Since these changes have implications for the valuer’s professional practice, they necessitate an evaluation of the real estate training curriculum. The capital market content of real estate education in Nigeria is examined in this paper by assessing the knowledge held by recent graduates of estate management. A questionnaire founded on a checklist of pertinent issues which realistically depict a working knowledge of Nigeria’s much improved stock market was used to collect data. This was analyzed by simple descriptive tools to provide a basis for evaluation. The results point to a scanty curriculum. In addition, there is a low awareness of the administrative and economic functions of the NSE. Furthermore, respondents have a poor understanding of core issues in equity investment analysis. Again, there is an inadequate grasp of the relationship between the two investment alternatives, although a majority rightly credit property as a better option. Lastly, respondents mainly do not consider an understanding of the market as relevant to their professional function in a modern economy. The study concludes that the demonstrated knowledge of respondents suggests that the curriculum does not have adequate content on the capital market. It is, therefore, recommended that the capital market content of the estate management course be enriched with more depth and detail which adequately reflect the increasing significance of the market to the valuer’s practice and his true role as an investment adviser in an increasingly financially interconnected world.
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Adesina, Ademola Olusola. "FACIAL CAPTURE AS A MEASURE TO SOLVING CBT EXAMINATION MALPRACTICES." African Journal of Science and Nature 7 (November 6, 2020): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46881/ajsn.v7i0.152.
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The adoption of Computer Based Testing (CBT) by Nigerian Tertiary Education Institutions has helped to address some of the challenges relating to the conduct of examinations and results processing. The most prominent of these challenges is the impersonation and to tackle these eventualities, multi-layered security architecture is implemented to ensure the authenticity of the student participating in the CBT. The architecture will assist Nigerian University administrators to effectively plan the conduct of CBT and develop in-house solution that will engender the reduction in the examination malpractices in CBT. The introduction of the facial capture reduced the intents of the students in engaging in the act of impersonation. The first security layer is the profiling of the registered students that are eligible to partake in the test, the second layer is the biometric capture to identify and authenticate that the student is the original person to partake in the test. The third layer is the facial capture on the system before the commencement of the test. The proposed system will be designed and implemented using algorithmic approach and a web-based application which will be deployed on the LAN of the institution. Therefore, this research presents the implementation of the multi-tiered layered security in mitigating the incidences of impersonation during CBT.
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Brewer, Ethan, Jason Lin, Peter Kemper, John Hennin, and Dan Runfola. "Predicting road quality using high resolution satellite imagery: A transfer learning approach." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): e0253370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253370.
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Recognizing the importance of road infrastructure to promote human health and economic development, actors around the globe are regularly investing in both new roads and road improvements. However, in many contexts there is a sparsity—or complete lack—of accurate information regarding existing road infrastructure, challenging the effective identification of where investments should be made. Previous literature has focused on overcoming this gap through the use of satellite imagery to detect and map roads. In this piece, we extend this literature by leveraging satellite imagery to estimate road quality and concomitant information about travel speed. We adopt a transfer learning approach in which a convolutional neural network architecture is first trained on data collected in the United States (where data is readily available), and then “fine-tuned” on an independent, smaller dataset collected from Nigeria. We test and compare eight different convolutional neural network architectures using a dataset of 53,686 images of 2,400 kilometers of roads in the United States, in which each road segment is measured as “low”, “middle”, or “high” quality using an open, cellphone-based measuring platform. Using satellite imagery to estimate these classes, we achieve an accuracy of 80.0%, with 99.4% of predictions falling within the actual or an adjacent class. The highest performing base model was applied to a preliminary case study in Nigeria, using a dataset of 1,000 images of paved and unpaved roads. By tailoring our US-model on the basis of this Nigeria-specific data, we were able to achieve an accuracy of 94.0% in predicting the quality of Nigerian roads. A continuous case estimate also showed the ability, on average, to predict road quality to within 0.32 on a 0 to 3 scale (with higher values indicating higher levels of quality).
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Aghaulor, Kosy Cletus. "Growth Impact of Insecurity on the Nigerian Economy." UJAH: Unizik Journal of Arts and Humanities 21, no. 3 (May 19, 2021): 147–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v21i3.9.
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This research work investigated restructuring national security for economic growth in Nigeria for the period 1981 to 2017. In a bid to actualize the main objective of this study, a good number of literature materials were reviewed and data were collected from secondary sources such as the various editions of CBN Statistical Bulletin. The data were analyzed using Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) Unit Root test, Johansen co-integration test, Error Correction Model. The selected variables (i.e. Gross Domestic product, Life expectancy at birth, terrorism risk index, discomfort index, adult literacy rate, corruption perception index and unemployment rate) had a cointegrating relationship indicating long-run relationship among the variables. The result of the Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) had the expected negative sign and statistically significant at the 0.05 level, an indication that any disequilibrium in the system will be adjusted. Based on the conclusion made, it is recommended that government should restructure and decentralize security architecture, increase capital expenditure on security and provide the enabling environment for people to work especially in the area of security of lives and property. This is against the back-drop that no meaningful economic activity can thrive in the face of insecurity
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Ibrahim, Farah Salwati Binti, Andrew Ebekozien, Puteri Ameera Mentaza Khan, Marvelous Aigbedion, Iliye Faith Ogbaini, and Godpower C. Amadi. "Appraising fourth industrial revolution technologies role in the construction sector: how prepared is the construction consultants?" Facilities 40, no. 7/8 (March 11, 2022): 515–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-09-2021-0086.
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Purpose In the past, the construction sector faced a low technological development level. Recently, studies have shown that the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) technologies play a significant role in construction project performance. But how prepared are the developing countries’ construction consultants, a focus in Nigeria, in embracing the 4IR technologies in construction administration is yet to receive in-depth research. Thus, this paper aims to examine how Nigerian construction consultants are prepared to embrace 4IR technologies in pre- and post-construction activities. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the perceptions of construction consultants, the study conducted a virtual interview. The participants were asked the following key questions: What technologies that are currently linked with the 4IR and used by construction consultants in the industry? What factors may hinder the strategic application of 4IR by the construction consultants? What initiatives may be necessary to overcome the perceived encumbrances faced by the construction consultants? Twelve semi-structured interviews from selected construction consultants were engaged and collated data analysed via a thematic approach. Findings The paper identifies digital software used by construction consultants that have a link with 4IR technologies. From the ten emerged hindrances, cost of adopting the technologies, unwillingness on the part of stakeholders to adopt, inadequate standards and reference architectures and absence of awareness were ranked high as the factors hindering construction consultants from using 4IR technologies. Initiatives that can overcome the perceived encumbrances are examined in detail. Research limitations/implications This study is restricted to construction consultants in Nigeria, and only 12 participants were engaged, but these do not affect the strength of the results. Thus, this study recommends a mixed-methods approach for future research with broader coverage. Practical implications The Government should intervene via subsidy regime and overhaul the academic curriculum to reflect the current trend of practices regarding technologies. Also, there should be vigorous enlightenment and pragmatic sensitisation of construction stakeholders and knowledge training of practitioners, among others, were suggested. As part of this paper’s implications, a perception-based model was developed to promote 4IR technologies for construction consultants in the Nigerian construction sector. This model encourages the construction consultants to embrace 4IR technologies for better service delivery, project performance and client satisfaction. Originality/value This paper appraised 4IR technologies’ role in the construction sector, focusing on the preparedness of the construction consultants in Nigeria. Also, the study identified the issues and proffer initiatives to improve 4IR usage by construction consultants.
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Oliver, Paul. "Moughtin, J. C. (ed.), "The Work of Z. R. Dmochowski: Nigerian Traditional Architecture" (Book Review)." Third World Planning Review 11, no. 1 (February 1989): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/twpr.11.1.dlxt3350r0068046.
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Okere, Oluchi O., and Abraham A. Taiwo. "The Role of Architecture and Design in the Security Strategy of a Nigerian University Library." Library & Archival Security 24, no. 1 (March 25, 2011): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01960075.2010.551584.
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Jimoh, Rasheed Olayinka, Yong Tang, Jiabiao Li, Larry Folajimi Awosika, He Li, Edward Akintoye Akinnigbage, and Adedayo Oluwaseun Adeleye. "The architecture of the lower parts of submarine canyons on the western Nigerian continental margin." Acta Oceanologica Sinica 37, no. 7 (July 2018): 28–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13131-018-1242-0.
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Badiora, Adewumi I., Samuel B. Adedotun, Tolulope O. Sobowale, and Henry Afolabi. "SAFETY AND SECURITY ASSESSMENT OF TOURIST DESTINATIONS: A FIELD STUDY IN A NIGERIAN GEOPARK." Journal of Event, Tourism and Hospitality Studies 2 (December 23, 2022): 106–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jeth2022.2.5.
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In the travel industry, safety and security are imperative and any attraction sites which ignore these tasks stand to lose out on the intense competition for tourists. One way to ensure that safety and security are satisfactorily provided is to regularly assess and seek the perceptions of stakeholders. Studies that make such an attempt, particularly in a Nigerian Geopark are relatively underrepresented in the literature. This study therefore evaluates safety and security situations at a large geopark and one of the most visited tourist destinations in Nigeria. Through direct observation, an on-site assessment of safety and security measures was undertaken by experts. The assessment instrument was designed using an empirical adaptation of standards which have been suggested in the literature. In addition, members of the site management were interviewed on various outcomes of the field study. Generally, the safety and security architecture in the study area appeared to be insufficient as the management seemed restrained to be too proactive for fear of scaring wildlife and visitors. Besides, the management did not consider the site to be under any serious threat as no major accident and/or crime has been recorded in the last decade. The study concludes that safety and security approaches in the study area do not reflect standard measures but rather cautious approach and an overly dependence on a supposed good past record. The result of this study can facilitate standard practice for safety and security in tourist destinations. This study fills the knowledge gap by providing information on the Nigerian experience regarding safety and security of Geopark in the Global South.
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Nwalusi, Dickson M., Nicholas I. Obi, Ikebueze G. Chendo, and Francis O. Okeke. "Climate Responsive Design Strategies for Contemporary Low-rise Residential Buildings in Tropical Environment of Enugu, Nigeria." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1054, no. 1 (September 1, 2022): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1054/1/012052.
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Abstract The skyline of the developing world is decorated with medium and low rise structures and Nigeria is not an exception. Located in the tropics mainly characterized by an elevated air temperature and high relative humidity; obtaining the desired level of indoor thermal comfort without mechanical aid is a design challenge for most of her building structures in recent times. However, airflow inside a building depends not only on external wind velocity but also on a number of Architectural design features and principles. The study, aimed at identifying design element and strategies that modify the indoor comfort conditions as well as energy savings of tropical buildings. Through case study research approach and the review of existing literature, a comparison of the colonial and contemporary existing building designs were made in the study area based on seven architectural design features that can influence thermal comfort condition. The study found that contemporary building designs in the study area have in recent times departed from the traditional applications of passive design strategies used in colonial architecture and have taken a non-compactible design models for tropical climates like disappearance of eaves projections, shrinkage of balconies, reduced headroom heights and window sizes. Furthermore, the result highlights the need to evolve a climate responsive design as means of reducing heat stress in the contemporary Nigerian low-rise buildings. It concludes and recommends that architects and designers should review their design approaches in favour of functional building requirements for climate-responsive and energy efficient buildings, which will be less dependent on mechanical systems in order to achieve maximum thermal comfort levels in our buildings.
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Matthew, Ugochukwu O. "Information System Management & Multimedia Applications in an E-Learning Environment." International Journal of Information Communication Technologies and Human Development 11, no. 3 (July 2019): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijicthd.2019070102.
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This paper looked at multimedia application techniques in an e-learning environment in the digital libraries in Nigeria as an alternative paradigm to information management. The article surveyed the current state of affairs in the Nigeria Educational sector through careful review of the budget allocation to the Ministry of Education and discovered a negative trend. The article proposes an alternative paradigm to the current method of information access and distribution in the Nigeria Libraries to accommodate e-learning functionalities. The article attempted to define the term data mining in relation to its usage in driving restructuring in line with the Nigerian government agenda for national development. It also covers different data mining features and standards as its main focus was to engage students and learnable groups productively. The article explains why it is necessary to implement a multimedia Internet of Things in the Eastern Nigeria Institutions, basically libraries with the help of internet repositories with the vision of expanding its functionalities to accommodate other five geopolitical regions of the country. The choice of Eastern Nigeria is on the merit of economic stability, relative peace, and general orientation to Western civilization and culture. The design will be centrally built as knowledge repository otherwise referred as Knowledge Powerhouse that will service other subregions through a wireless data sharing architecture. The study also revealed the budget implication and established to what extend the multimedia Internet of things will be used to drive key innovations in the institution Libraries for human capital development in Nigeria and by extension the entire continent of Africa.
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Adeleke, Tunde Basit, A. C. Igboanugo, and N. B. Chime. "Factorial Study of Bottlenecks in Nigerian Petroleum Refineries." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 4, no. 5 (May 20, 2019): 98–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.5.1262.
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Bottlenecks in the refineries lead to the disruption of refinery operations which result in production loss and time wastage. Nigerian refineries are four and they have not been able to work optimally as they have failed to produce up to their installed capacity. A lot of factors are contributing to this and are known as bottlenecks. This study was taken so as to identify those bottlenecks in the refineries with a view of making them known so that actions can be taken to tackle them and get Nigerian Refineries move from their pariah states to a welcome state. Kendall’s Coefficient of Concordance (K.C.C) and Principal Component Analysis (P.C.A) which are tools in factor analysis were employed. The K.C.C helped in ranking the identified variables according to their order of importance while the PCA helped to achieve parsimony through factor reduction. The results obtained revealed that the experts ranking of the thirty two scale items were in agreement at an alpha level of 0.01 and the computed coefficient of concordance was 0.51which is substantial. The thirty two scale items were able to be reduced into mere five clusters by PCA. A lone variable cluster which was labeled creatively ‘Government interference’ came up trump and account for most of the challenges being experienced in the Refineries. Other clusters labeled creatively were Eclectic issues, organizational management, Supply Chain Architecture and Personnel Management. The import of this is that government interference needs to be removed if refineries are to work optimally and the remaining four clusters should also be looked at in order to tackle these bottlenecks.
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Ogunleye, Bayode, Tonderai Maswera, Laurence Hirsch, Jotham Gaudoin, and Teresa Brunsdon. "Comparison of Topic Modelling Approaches in the Banking Context." Applied Sciences 13, no. 2 (January 6, 2023): 797. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13020797.
Full textAbstract:
Topic modelling is a prominent task for automatic topic extraction in many applications such as sentiment analysis and recommendation systems. The approach is vital for service industries to monitor their customer discussions. The use of traditional approaches such as Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) for topic discovery has shown great performances, however, they are not consistent in their results as these approaches suffer from data sparseness and inability to model the word order in a document. Thus, this study presents the use of Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KernelPCA) and K-means Clustering in the BERTopic architecture. We have prepared a new dataset using tweets from customers of Nigerian banks and we use this to compare the topic modelling approaches. Our findings showed KernelPCA and K-means in the BERTopic architecture-produced coherent topics with a coherence score of 0.8463.
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Effiom, Oghogho, Robert Maskall, Edwin Quadt, Kazeem A. Lawal, Raphael Afolabi, Jake Emakpor, and Reginald Mbah. "4D seismic interpretation in a Nigerian deepwater field." Interpretation 3, no. 2 (May 1, 2015): SP11—SP19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/int-2014-0198.1.
Full textAbstract:
To improve the management of a Nigerian deep water field, two vintages of 4D data have been acquired since field start up in 2005. The first Nigerian 4D seismic (monitor-I) in water depths greater than 1000 m was taken in this field in 2008, and the second monitor (monitor-II) was acquired in 2012. Compared to monitor-I, better geometric repeatability was achieved in monitor-II as the lessons learned from monitor-I were incorporated to achieve better results. The final normalized root mean square of monitor-II fast-track volume was 12% compared to 25% for monitor-I. The improved quality is attributed to improvements in the acquisition methodology and prediction of the effects of currents. Seismic interpretation of the field revealed two distinct turbidite depositional settings: (1) An unconfined amalgamated lobe system with low relief, high net-to-gross reservoir sands that exhibit fairly homogeneous water flooding patterns on 4D and (2) an erosional canyon setting, filled with meander belts having a more complex 3D connectivity within and between the channels resulting in a challenging 4D interpretation. The time lapse data were instrumental for better understanding the reservoir architecture, enabling improved wells and reservoir management practices, the identification of infill opportunities, and more mature subsurface models. We evaluated the seismic acquisition and the 4D interpretation of the deepwater 4D seismic data, highlighting the merits of a multidisciplinary collaborative understanding to time-lapse seismic. At present, the value of information of the 4D monitor-II is conservatively estimated at 101 million United States dollars, equivalent to the cost of a well in this deepwater operating environment.
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Omoragbon, Osamudiamen Meek, Sura Al-Maiyah, and Paul Coates. "A Survey of Environmental Performance Enhancement Strategies and Building Data Capturing Techniques in the Nigerian Context." Buildings 13, no. 2 (February 7, 2023): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13020452.
Full textAbstract:
The need to improve the performance of Nigeria’s office buildings is due to, energy challenges, increasing population, changing user needs, and climate change. With the expansion of several Nigerian cities, existing buildings constitute a significant portion of the building stock, and improving their environmental performance could be more cost-effective than reconstruction. The use of simulation packages to assess alternative retrofitting enhancement scenarios is a straightforward approach. However, in Nigeria it is often challenging to get appropriate information to facilitate this type of evaluation; many buildings were not built to their original specifications, and when available, the records are often in a poor state due to deterioration. Studies that aimed at enhancing a building’s performance hardly stated the acquisition of the required building information. This paper investigates current practices and future possibilities of improvement measures and data capturing of existing buildings using a questionnaire survey of 133 building professionals in Benin City. The inter-relationship between energy efficiency, the environment, and building design with a high potential for meaningful retrofit to mitigate energy inefficiencies is known but not fully utilized. The collected thought on current practices signifies the need for developing a more economical and reliable methodology for data capturing and evaluation.