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1
EKHAISE, F. O., and R. E. EKHAISE. "ENVIRONMENT AND THE CHALLENGES OF THE NIGERIAN NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION (NNPC) IN NIGERIA." Nigerian Journal of Life Sciences (ISSN: 2276-7029) 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 8–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52417/njls.v2i1.61.
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Petroleum production and export play a dominant role in Nigeria's economy and account for about 90% of her gross earnings. This dominant role has pushed agriculture, the traditional mainstay of the economy, from the early fifties and sixties, to the background. The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) found in 1977 through the merger of some of the departments of the Ministry of Petroleum Resources, and the old Nigerian National Oil Corporation, is charged with the responsibility for upstream and downstream developments, regulating and supervising the oil industry on behalf of the Nigerian Government. Since the discovery of oil in Nigeria in the 1950s, the country has been faced with the negative environmental consequences of oil development. The growth of the country's oil industry, combined with population explosion and lack of environmental regulations, has led to substantial damage to Nigeria's environment, especially in the Niger Delta region, the centre of the country's oil industry. Nigeria's main environmental challenges result from oil spills, natural gas flaring and deforestation. Industrialization is vital to a nation‘s socio-economic development as well as its political structure in the comity of nations. It provides ready employment opportunities for a good percentage of the population in medium to highly developed economies. Although, industrialization is inevitable, various devastating ecological and human disasters which have continuously occurred over the last three decades or so, implicate industries as major contributors to environmental degradation and pollution problems of various magnitudes. It is therefore recommended that, nongovernmental organizations, international oil companies and well spirited individuals will have to work together to slow the degradation of Nigeria's environment and take steps to mitigate the problems that a half-century's worth of oil production already has caused.
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EZIRIM, GERALD EKENEDIRICHUKWU. "Oil Crimes, National Security, and the Nigerian State, 1999–2015." Japanese Journal of Political Science 19, no. 1 (January 17, 2018): 80–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1468109917000238.
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AbstractThe discovery of oil in commercial quantity in Nigeria in 1956 ushered in a period characterized by endemic crises of oil rents management and corporate insecurity. From 1999, democratic renewal, backed by excess oil rents returns, made the popular democratic control of oil wealth critical. The consequent rentier management of oil wealth, excluding the citizens and their huge expectations occasioned threats to national security, thus punctuating limited democratic control of oil wealth, or lack of it. Employing the ex-post-facto research design, primary data for the study were generated from focus group discussions with experts in the oil sector, while other sources were from observations of the Nigerian Navy, Nigerian Customs Service, Nigerian Police, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nigerian Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative, National Bureau of Statistics, and the Central Bank of Nigeria. Logical induction was used to analyze the data. Anchored on a frustration-aggression conceptual and theoretical framework, the study found that deprivation of oil benefits to Nigerian citizens manifested in illegal oil bunkering, pipeline vandalization, cross-border smuggling of petroleum products, attacks on oil installations, kidnapping, and piracy, with attendant threats to national security.
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Okarah, Anthony Chidiebere, and Emeka Austin Ndaguba. "Assessing the Implementation of the Deregulation Policy of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) (2003 – 2012)." Africa’s Public Service Delivery and Performance Review 3, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/apsdpr.v3i3.92.
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The Nigerian oil and gas sector plays avery dominant role in the nation’s economy with over 90% in 2011 and 98% in 2012 of the nation’s foreign exchange earnings (Ibanga, 2011; CBN, 2012). About 36 Billion barrels of crude oil reserve and 19.2 Billion cubic meters of natural gas is deposited in the country. This paperassesses the implementation of the deregulation policy in Nigeria (2003-2012),with a focus on the Nigerian NationalPetroleum Corporation (NNPC). The study used informed knowledge in providing analysis for the study. The study found out that the two major challenges inhibiting the implementation of the deregulation policy by NNPC are, price control, and effect of global market. The study recommended among others that, for Nigeria to realize its potential and reap the benefits of deregulating the sector, the NNPC must tailor the implementation of the policy in a manner that will take cognizance of the socioeconomic challenges facing Nigerians by recognizing and engaging community help services in communities where exploration takes place.
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DICKSON, MONDAY E. "POLITICS OF THE FUEL SUBSIDY REGIME, SUBSIDY REMOVAL, AND NIGERIA’S EXTERNAL RELATIONS." WILBERFORCE JOURNAL OF THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 9, no. 1 (March 20, 2024): 24–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/wjss/4202.90.0120.
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This study examines the implications of fuel subsidy removal for Nigeria’s external relations. Employing the ex-post facto research design, the primary data for the study were generated from focus group discussions with foremost economists, policy analysts, and experts in the oil sector. Other information was sourced from texts, periodical reports of the Central Bank of Nigeria, National Bureau of Statistics, Petroleum Products Pricing Regulatory Agency, Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Limited, and Nigerian Statistical Bulletin. A qualitative descriptive method is used to analyse the data. Anchored on a theoretical perspective of linkage politics, the study finds that subsidy removal, which is Nigeria’s domestic policy, has far-reaching impacts on the nation’s external relations. The policy ultimately shapes relations between Nigeria and other states on the global scene. Nigeria must effectively manage the challenges brought about by subsidy removal to maintain and strengthen its international ties and to open doors for more trade and investment with nations that are strategic to its development aspirations.
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Akintunde, M., and Akin Olajide. "Environmental impact assessment of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Awka Mega Station." American Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 2, no. 4 (August 2011): 511–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5251/ajsir.2011.2.4.511.520.
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Afamefuna Samuel Ogbette, Joel Ogechukwu Okoh, and Stanley , Enwemeka. "The Role of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation in Economic Development and Security Challenges in Nigeria." Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review 5, no. 4 (April 2019): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0055288.
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Stanley, Enwemeka, Ogbette Afamefuna Samuel, and Okoh Joel Ogechukwu. "The Role of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation in Economic Development and Security Challenges in Nigeria." Open Journal of Economics and Commerce 2, no. 3 (2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.22259/2638-549x.0203001.
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Egbuta, Olive U. "Leadership Succession Practices And Employees’ Career Development In The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation." Journal of WEI Business and Economics 8, no. 1 (January 28, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36739/jweibe.2019.v8.i1.16.
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The inability of organizations to have a well-articulated Leadership Succession plan and culture has led to disruptions in operations and leadership transition crisis. Limited literature is available on the relationship between leadership succession planning and employees career development in NNPC raising debate whether the link is tenable with the corporation. In the NNPC, there is no deliberate and structured plan for leadership succession. So, this study examined the effect of leadership succession planning on employees’ career development in NNPC. The Social Cognitive Career Theory and Common-Sense Theory were used to support this research. The study adopted descriptive survey research design. The population of the research consisted of 9,024 top level, middle level and lower level management (Supervisors) staff of the NNPC who has spent more than 5years in the organization and have up to 5 years before retirement age of 60 years and sample size of 1,960 was derived using Slovin formula and purposive sampling procedure. Structured questionnaire with a six-point modified Likert- Scale was administered with a 74.6% response rate (926) copies of the questionnaires came correctly and were used for the study. The data obtained from the questionnaire was analyzed quantitatively using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that there is lack of leadership succession planning and practices in NNPC. The also revealed that there is no established career path for every employee and professional groups in NNPC. The study concludes that Leadership Succession practice have no significant effect on Employee Career Development in NNPC. The study recommends that Federal Government should empower the NNPC to put in place proper Leadership Succession planning especially in HR itself. This can be achieved when the corporation embeds a formal employee career development policy and procedure. Also, NNPC should continuously be strategizing and moving with the global trend in HR practices and to learn about future possibilities. The NNPC management and staff should align themselves with strategies to survive in the changing global business reality
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Omirin, Olayide Josiah. "Socio-Environmental Effects of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Depot, Apata, Ibadan on the Adjoining Neighbourhoods." Journal of Inclusive Cities and Built Environment 1, no. 2 (October 25, 2021): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54030/2788-564x/2021/v1i2a6.
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Nigeria, one of the major crude oil producing countries in the world, transports petroleum products through pipelines to several oil depots located across the country from where it is trucked to end users. Activities within these depots are known to have impact on their immediate environment due to the nature of operations and the externalities generated. This paper therefore examined the socio-environmental effects of the Nigerian National Petroleum Depot, Apata, Ibadan on its immediate neighbourhood. A case study approach utilising primary and secondary data collection was adopted in which 205 residential buildings and respondents were proportionally selected for sampling from four neighbourhoods within 500 metres radius of the facility. An environmental audit including ground water samples were randomly collected for testing and analysis from Adebisi stream and residential hand-dug wells. Findings revealed local access road incapacitation emanating from indiscriminate parking of fuel tankers and spiralling into constant traffic congestion on major roads. Desludging of fuel storage tanks (79.5%) resulting into regular effluent discharge into the Adebisi stream and fume emission (62.6%), were attested to by residents. Water quality analysis revealed a high concentration of lead (pb.0.06mg/l) above the maximum permissible limit of (0.01mg/l) for potable water. Other detected metals, Cadmium (0.003mg/l), Copper (0.006mg/l) and Zinc (3.0 mg/l) were all within the appropriate recommended limits. The study recommended a periodic environmental audit and regular dialogue with stakeholders of the host communities for socio-environmental sustainability.
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Dele, Ishaka. "CORRUPTION AND ITS EFFECT ON NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION (2000-2018)." International Journal of Advanced Research in Public Policy, Social Development and Enterprise Studies 4, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48028/iiprds/ijarppsdes.v4.i1.04.
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The major objective of this study is to examine the effects of financial corruption on national development in Nigeria (1999-2017). The continuous outcry of the citizens on the evils of corruption and its consequences on national development motivated this study. Data were drawn chiefly from primary sources and subjected to statistical computations of scaling and percentages. The major findings of the study revealed that to a large extent corruption leads to poverty in Nigeria. Also to a large extent increase in oil revenues do not translate to poverty reduction in Nigeria. The study equally, found that to a large extent the oil industry causes underdevelopment and increase poverty in Nigeria. This study therefore advances that stiffer sanctions must be imposed on those found guilty of corrupt practices including death sentences. This will serve as deterrent to others. Since corruption is a relationship of ‘give and take’, both the giver and the receiver must be prosecuted as well. There is the need to strengthen institutions such as the civil service, parliament and the judiciary, which in turn will create interlocking systems of oversight and self-regulation. All of these institutions have to be free of corruption themselves and active players in the fight against corruption and good governance should be entrenched.
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Zakari, Musa. "Effect of Human Capital Development Policy on Staff Performance in Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Limited (NNPCL)." Governance and Society Review 2, no. 1 (June 29, 2023): 32–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/gsr.21.02.
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The current study examines the Human Capital Development Policy as a tool for enhancing staff performance in Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Limited. To achieve this purpose, several hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. For this purpose, several prior studies related to the variables were reviewed. A survey research design was adopted as a method to conduct this study. Precisely, a sample size of forty respondents was randomly selected for the assessment. A questionnaire method was used for the data collection, which was further analyzed by using regression analysis. The significance level of 0.05 was used for the statistical testing of hypotheses, which revealed the effect of policy implementation and employee job satisfaction in NNPCL. The Human Capital Development Policies and programs not only motivated the staff but also reflected better performance in the organization. Furthermore, this study recommended that Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Limited (NNPCL) should conduct a thorough analysis of the current state of Human Capital Development Policies to identify other areas that require improvement. This assessment should involve evaluating the existing and new policies and practices, identifying gaps, and measuring staff performance metrics. Additionally, it was indicated that should develop a comprehensive human capital development strategy that aligns with the company's goals. This strategy should include training and development programs, mentoring and coaching initiatives, and performance management processes.
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Obaje, Nuhu George, Abu Kasim Adamu, Abdullahi Bomai, Mukhtar Zanna, James Adeoye, Ishaq Yusuf, Richard Dauda, Faisal Musa, Suleiman Adamu, and Lukman Musa Adamu. "The Nigerian Petroleum Industry Act, Frontier Basins Exploration and the Global Energy Transition." Energy and Earth Science 5, no. 1 (April 21, 2022): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/ees.v5n1p1.
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The Nigerian Petroleum Industry Act (PIA) passed into Law in 2021 has the major goal to reform the Nigerian petroleum sector operations into policy, regulations and business (commercial). In the line of this, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) was transformed to NNPC Ltd to operate entirely commercially with a supervising Board and registration with the Corporate Affairs Commission. Such a commercial mandate will entail the need to explore and produce more oil and gas for export and domestic utilization. Oil is becoming less attractive as an energy source but gas is gaining momentum as a clean energy source in the global energy transition road-map. The global energy transition road-map is drawn around clean, alternative and renewable energies. The Nigerian frontier basins have recently come on board as new business opportunities with huge petroleum gas resources. These frontier basins comprise the Anambra, Benue, Bida, Chad (Nigerian sector), Dahomey, and Sokoto Basins as well as the Deep and Ultra-deep offshore. Maturing these basins through data generation and production of the gas resources therein will promote the nation’s gas utilization and gas expansion programmes meant to promote industrialization and huge employment generation, grow the economy and engender positive social transformation. The clause in the PIA that promotes frontier exploration is well-thought out. Available and required geological data needed to mature the frontier basins to producing basins are presented in this paper. The success made in Kolmani River-2 well discovery is a case study.
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Nwokedi, Theophilus Chinonyerem, and Kenneth U. Nnadi. "Estimating the Theoretical and Empirical Probability Coefficients of Oil Pipeline Transport Infrastructure Failure Modes in Nigeria’s Coastal Ecosystem: Panacea for Non Optimal Deployment of Pipeline Safety and Security Management Systems." LOGI – Scientific Journal on Transport and Logistics 9, no. 2 (November 1, 2018): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/logi-2018-0017.
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Abstract Failure of oil pipeline transport infrastructure in Nigeria’s coastal ecosystem has continued to pose serious environmental problems with consequent economic effects. This study estimated the theoretical and empirical probabilities oil pipeline infrastructure failure modes in Nigeria. Historical research design approach was used in which time series data of 10 years on Nigeria’s coastal oil pipeline infrastructure failure modes were obtained from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation. The statistical method of probability theory was used to determine the theoretical and empirical probabilities of oil pipeline infrastructure failure modes in order to optimally deploy pipeline safety and security management strategies. It was found that pipeline infrastructure failure by Vandalism poses the highest empirical probability and risk of occurrence.
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Abdulmumin, Shaheed, D. A. Dashak, and K. O. Joseph. "ASSESSMENT OF TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS (TPH) CONTAMINATION WITH Kyllinga pumila And Spirogyra longata AROUND NIGERIAN NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION (NNPC) JOS DEPOT’S EFFLUENT WATER DISCHARGED POINT." FUDMA JOURNAL OF SCIENCES 5, no. 3 (November 3, 2021): 350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.33003/fjs-2021-0503-760.
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One of the major environmental problems today is hydrocarbons contamination resulting from activities related to the petrochemical industry. Accidental releases of petroleum products are of particular concern in to the environment hydrocarbons compounds have been known to belong to the family of carcinogenic and neurotoxin organic pollutants. The use of plants to clean up this contaminated site is a promising technology and the ability of the plants to germinate and grow in petroleum-contaminated soil differs due to plants species as well as petroleum hydrocarbons types. In this study, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) were determined in Kyllinga pumila and Spirogyra longata growing at Nigerian national petroleum corporation (NNPC) Jos Depot. The chemical analysis was carried out with the aid of Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) detector, the result showed that Spirongyra longata could germinate and grow in petroleum products contaminated site with TPH level of 6881.98595 ppm and Kyllinga pumila did not survived in the same site with TPH level of 9536. 88801 ppm.
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Anastasia U., Mbah,, Uche Boniface Ugwuanyi, and Oshim Judethadeus Chukwuebuka. "Effect of Treasury Single Account (TSA) on Tax Revenue Collected in Nigeria." Asian Journal of Economics, Business and Accounting 23, no. 19 (August 22, 2023): 157–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajeba/2023/v23i191080.
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The study examined the effect of Treasury Single Account (TSA) on tax revenue collected in Nigeria. Company income tax, value added tax, and petroleum profit tax formed the dependent variables of the study. The study adopted an ex-post-facto research design, covering the period between 2011 and 2019. Secondary data were extracted from the Federal Inland Revenue Service website. Paired Sample T-test technique was used for the data analysis. In line with the specific objectives of the study which was to ascertain the effect treasury single account implementation on company income tax, value added tax, and petroleum profit tax revenue collected in Nigeria, it was revealed that TSA has a positive and significant effect on company income tax and value added tax revenue collected in Nigeria. TSA has a negative and insignificant effect on petroleum profit tax in Nigeria. This implies that TSA implementation has increased company income tax and value added tax collected in Nigeria. It is recommended therefore that the continuous use of TSA should be guaranteed by the government. This is because it led to an increase in company income tax collection in Nigeria. Every factor that works against its continued existence should be subdued. They should ensure that tax authorities continue to comply with TSA rules in remittance of value added tax collected to the consolidated revenue fund. They should ensure that Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and other oil and gas regulating authorities comply fully to the dictates of TSA.
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Saleh, Martha, and Osundina Olasunkanmi. "Currency Devaluation and Fuel Subsidy Removal for Nigeria’s Economic Development." International Journal of Social Science Research 5, no. 2 (September 20, 2017): 90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijssr.v5i2.11919.
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Currency devaluation and fuel subsidy removal are policies that are phenomena to the Nigerian economic environment. The implementation of the policies has further caused more challenges in the pursuit for economic development than remedy to alleviate the crisis in the Nigeria economy. However, the continuous exploration of this policies by successive administration was a concern to this research work. It is as a result of this persistent policies that this paper wants to analyse its viability for economic development in Nigeria.The paper adopted survey research design with the use of questionnaire administered to 387 respondents. Three major organizations were purposefully selected as sources for data collection which were the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and the Nigeria Union of Petroleum and Natural Gas Workers (NUPENG).The paper found out that currency devaluation and fuel subsidy removal is a resultant effect of the mono-productive characteristics of the Nigerian economy which has continually led to balance of payment deficit, low competitiveness in the economy and fall short in living quality of the citizenry. Further exposition revealed that not until diversification of the economy is attained, revitalization of the power sector and industrialization for local manufacturing; economic development might not be feasible. Therefore, it is recommended that industrialization of the economy is highly overdue, infrastructural development imperative and economic policies such as devaluation and subsidy regime should be mildly used when economic downturns are experienced.
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Onyeka Nwanunobi, C. "Incendiarism and other fires in nineteenth-century Lagos (1863–88)." Africa 60, no. 1 (January 1990): 111–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1160429.
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Opening ParagraphWithin the past decade, several major fires involving key government establishments have occurred in Nigeria. These included fires at: the 10-storey Federal Ministry of Education building (5 September 1980); the 11-storey Republic Building of the Ministry of External Affairs (14 December 1981); the 37-storey External Communication Building, NECON House (24 January 1983); the 13th floor of the 23-storey building housing the Defence Ministry (27 October 1983); the Accounts Department of the Cabinet Office (19 March 1984); the Finance and Accounts Division of the Post and Telegraphs (Ministry of Communications) headquarters (4 December 1984); and the 32-storey Cocoa House in Ibadan (8 January 1985). The latest of these fires engulfed the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) Headquarters in Lagos on 12 April 1986.
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Nwakuba, Deborah, Ibrahim Mohammed-Dabo, and Haruna Ibrahim. "Investigating the performance of bio-based demulsifiers for the demulsification of Nigerian crude oils." Applied Research Journal of Sustainable Development 2, no. 1 (May 31, 2023): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.47721/arjsd20230201005.
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Commercial demulsifiers used by Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) are not biodegradable, making it paramount to seek bio-demulsifiers that can be produced in Nigeria from Nigerian vegetable seed oils. In this study, three demulsifiers were produced from Nigerian vegetable seed oils namely; Neem seeds, Mahogany seeds and Calabash seeds in concentrations ranging from 0.5-2.5 mL/10 mL of emulsion. These demulsifiers were tested under the same condition as the common commercial ones used in NNPC for static, dynamic, thermal and basic sediment and water removal. They all performed very well except for the dynamic test, which had low performance. The calabash demulsifier had a high performance of 80% same as the commercial on static test followed by Neem with 75%. The dynamic test recorded low results with the Neem demulsifier at 45% as the highest among the bio-demulsifiers and the commercial demulsifier recorded at 78%. On thermal tests, Calabash tied with commercial demulsifier at 80% followed by Neem demulsifier with 75%. In the basic sediment and water test, the Neem demulsifier had 75% while the commercial had 78%. They are, therefore, good enough to replace commercial demulsifiers. Keywords: Bio-Based, Demulsifiers, Demulsification, Investigating, Performance, Nigerian Crude oils
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Fidelis, Osanebi. "Time Series Analysis Of Monthly Sales Of Petroleum Products (A Case Study Of Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, Nnpc – Enugu, From 1996 – 2003)." IOSR Journal of Engineering 3, no. 12 (December 2013): 44–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3021-031214455.
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Gao, Shian, and Chimaobi Dennar. "Computational Simulation of Multi-Product Flow in an Oil Transportation Pipeline." Applied Mechanics and Materials 590 (June 2014): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.590.161.
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This paper presents a predictive investigation using Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) techniques focusing on the study of contamination that occurs between different products in an oil pipeline under normal operating conditions. The use of CFD techniques yields detailed flow conditions including the velocity fields, phase distribution and interface evolution, which can provide valuable information to the oil industry especially in the distribution of oil products. The Volume of Fluid (VOF) model is used in this project in a pipe with two fluids. Simulation results show the interface evolution between the two fluids and how it is affected by properties such as viscosity ratio and pressure difference. Operational data from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation was obtained to validate the results from the simulations.
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Adewale, Ombolaji. "Oil Spill Compensation Claims in Nigeria: Principles, Guidelines and Criteria." Journal of African Law 33, no. 1 (1989): 91–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021855300008019.
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In recent times, compensation arising from oil spills has assumed a significant role in the Nigerian oil industry. The significance stems from the fact that, with petroleum operations spillage is inevitable. Oil spills have various effects on the health of the populace as well as the economic and scenic value of the environment. Thus there is the need to minimise the effect of the occurrence of oil spill. One way of achieving this objective is through compensation. The essence of compensation is to make amends for the loss suffered by the victims. In making these amends, the loss experienced by the victim must be recompensed otherwise the compensation cannot be said to be adequate or equivalent to the compulsory sacrifice.Victims of oil spill have claimed that the compensation paid to them is unreasonable and cannot be said to be recompense for their loss. Oil companies on the other hand claim that the compensation paid to the victims is adequate and that they operate within the parameter approved by the Inspectorate Division of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation or the State Ministry of Lands. Apart from this, many claims made by the communities are not honoured by the oil companies on the grounds that they are spurious and speculative. Even when the claims are genuine the oil companies may not pay if the spillage occurred as a result of acts of sabotage.
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Awujola, Abayomi, Anna Dyaji Baba Iyakwar, and Ropheka Emerson Bot. "Examination Of The Relationship Between Oil Price Shock And Macroeconomic Variables In Nigeria." SocioEconomic Challenges 4, no. 1 (2020): 102–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/sec.4(1).102-110.2020.
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The price of oil is one of the important macroeconomic indicators because of the extreme importance of supplying oil to different countries of the world to meet their energy needs. As Nigeria’s economy depends on oil prices, the country remains vulnerable to fluctuations in world oil prices. During periods of rising oil prices caused by macroeconomic and political conditions in the international market, the state usually has a positive trade balance, there is an increase in foreign exchange reserves and the revaluation of the national currency. The purpose of the article is to evaluate the relationship between an oil price change and Nigeria’s economic growth rate using regression analysis. The source of statistical information is data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation, and the Nigerian Energy Commission. By checking the time series for steady-state using the advanced Dickie-Fuller test, a regression equation is constructed where the dependent variable is represented as the price of oil and the independent variables are key macroeconomic indicators. The econometric model constructed is adequate because the determination coefficient and the adjusted determination coefficient are 0.97 and 0.96 respectively. The Durbin-Watson statistic in the model is 1.98, meaning the model is reliable. Oil price fluctuations have been found to be related to investment, economic growth, and exchange rates, as well as to inflation. The paper argues that the use of the shock of oil prices should be supported, as it promotes economic growth and is not inflationary. Therefore, the authors believe that the government, which is the main beneficiary of cash, should also implement strategies that counterbalance the propensity for the economic downturn. Based on the analysis, a set of priority measures was proposed: enhancing financial liberalization, combating corruption, transparency of government activities, creating an open currency market, and developing non-inflationary monetary and fiscal strategies. Keywords: oil price, macroeconomic variables, energy needs, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries, Dickie-Fuller Extended Test, Petroleum Exporters.
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Nagode, A. O., A. E. Adeyemi, and A. P. Abogunrin. "Pricing Strategy and Customer Retention in Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation Retail Outlets, South-West, Nigeria." Wayamba Journal of Management 13, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/wjm.v13i2.7567.
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Bassey, A., Y. B. Ngwai, B. E. Bassey, I. H. Nkene, R. H. Abimiku, and S. K. Parom. "Phenotypic and Molecular Detection of Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase in Escherichia coli from Patients in Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation Medical Services, Abuja, Nigeria." Annual Research & Review in Biology 28, no. 4 (September 7, 2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/arrb/2018/43757.
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Ikeanyibe, Okechukwu Marcellus. "Bureaucratic Politics and the Implementation of Liberalization Reforms in Nigeria: A Study of the Unbundling and Reorganization of the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation." Politics & Policy 46, no. 2 (April 2018): 263–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/polp.12249.
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Ubani, Chikwendu, and Ubong Ikpaisong. "Use of CNG as Autofuel in Nigeria." European Journal of Engineering Research and Science 3, no. 10 (October 22, 2018): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2018.3.10.668.
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Natural gas is a clean-burning, safe fuel that can save you money at the pump while benefitting the environment and reducing Nigeria’s dependence on petroleum. It is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbon, non-gaseous non-hydrocarbons and gaseous non-hydrocarbons found in underground reservoir rocks either on its own (non-associated gas) or in association with crude oil (associated gas). Natural gas is today accepted as one of the best sources of energy for the world and for the future because of its environmentally-friendly nature compared to other kinds of fossil fuels. Nigeria is ranked as the seventh most natural gas endowed nation in the world and relaxes on number one spot in Africa as she seats on about one hundred and eighty-eight trillion cubic feet of natural gas deposits.Current opportunities to utilize gas in Nigeria include: Gas to reinjection schemes, Gas to power schemes, Gas to petrochemicals (as feedstock), LNG-Liquefied Natural Gas, LPG- Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and CNG- Compressed Natural Gas. The use of CNG as auto fuel in Nigeria presents so much benefits as have been highlighted in this paper with emphasis on the economic advantage. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a product of compressing natural gas to one hundredth the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.A comprehensive economic analysis to determine the cost savings from driving a car on CNG against PMS considered the case of a motorist who covers an average of 100 km every day in the approximately thirty days that make a month was employed. Results established that running a car on CNG amounts to saving N1 143 daily and N34 284 monthly, the cost of converting the car from PMS - driven to CNG - driven is recovered before the end of the sixth month. From the sixth month to the end of the first year, savings of N211 402 is made. Savings of N411 408 is enjoyed each year after the first year.Running vehicles on CNG will greatly reduce the friction and troubles encountered in importing fuel into the country. This will also cut down largely the hardly available foreign exchange expended in bringing in PMS for fuelling vehicles. To this end, the Nigerian Government should as a matter of national development ensure legal and regulatory framework encompassing both technical and commercial aspects for natural gas utilization in Nigeria. Worthy of note is the aspect of gas gathering, gas transmission and distribution which will further encourage the planting of CNG refuelling stations that will serve the expected large fleet of natural gas vehicles. Currently, Green Gas Limited, a joint venture between Nigeria Gas Company (NGC) a Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and NIPCO Plc. that has nine operational CNG refuelling stations and others under construction is the only company driving the CNG revolution in the country.
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Ubani, Chikwendu, and Ubong Ikpaisong. "Use of CNG as Autofuel in Nigeria." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 3, no. 10 (October 22, 2018): 66–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2018.3.10.668.
Full textAbstract:
Natural gas is a clean-burning, safe fuel that can save you money at the pump while benefitting the environment and reducing Nigeria’s dependence on petroleum. It is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbon, non-gaseous non-hydrocarbons and gaseous non-hydrocarbons found in underground reservoir rocks either on its own (non-associated gas) or in association with crude oil (associated gas). Natural gas is today accepted as one of the best sources of energy for the world and for the future because of its environmentally-friendly nature compared to other kinds of fossil fuels. Nigeria is ranked as the seventh most natural gas endowed nation in the world and relaxes on number one spot in Africa as she seats on about one hundred and eighty-eight trillion cubic feet of natural gas deposits.Current opportunities to utilize gas in Nigeria include: Gas to reinjection schemes, Gas to power schemes, Gas to petrochemicals (as feedstock), LNG-Liquefied Natural Gas, LPG- Liquefied Petroleum Gas, and CNG- Compressed Natural Gas. The use of CNG as auto fuel in Nigeria presents so much benefits as have been highlighted in this paper with emphasis on the economic advantage. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is a product of compressing natural gas to one hundredth the volume it occupies at standard atmospheric pressure.A comprehensive economic analysis to determine the cost savings from driving a car on CNG against PMS considered the case of a motorist who covers an average of 100 km every day in the approximately thirty days that make a month was employed. Results established that running a car on CNG amounts to saving N1 143 daily and N34 284 monthly, the cost of converting the car from PMS - driven to CNG - driven is recovered before the end of the sixth month. From the sixth month to the end of the first year, savings of N211 402 is made. Savings of N411 408 is enjoyed each year after the first year.Running vehicles on CNG will greatly reduce the friction and troubles encountered in importing fuel into the country. This will also cut down largely the hardly available foreign exchange expended in bringing in PMS for fuelling vehicles. To this end, the Nigerian Government should as a matter of national development ensure legal and regulatory framework encompassing both technical and commercial aspects for natural gas utilization in Nigeria. Worthy of note is the aspect of gas gathering, gas transmission and distribution which will further encourage the planting of CNG refuelling stations that will serve the expected large fleet of natural gas vehicles. Currently, Green Gas Limited, a joint venture between Nigeria Gas Company (NGC) a Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) and NIPCO Plc. that has nine operational CNG refuelling stations and others under construction is the only company driving the CNG revolution in the country.
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Osita-Njoku, Agnes, Okechukwu Anyaoha, and Odochi Kamalu. "INTERNAL CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY AND EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE: A STUDY OF NIGERIA NATIONAL PETROLEUM CORPORATION, (NNPC)." European Journal of Sociology 3, no. 1 (November 16, 2020): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ejs.428.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of internal corporate social responsibility on employee’s performance in Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation.Methodology: This study was descriptive, to satisfy the objective of the study two hypotheses were formulated. Sample for the study was 301 staff of NNPC. The methodology involved the use of simple random sampling and proportionate stratified sampling techniques. Data was gathered through the questionnaire and secondary sources. The data was presented using simple percentage and tables, while the hypotheses was tested using the chi–square statistical tool. Findings: The findings reveal that the provision of healthcare services have significantly reduced employees’ absenteeism and training of employees has led to employees’ effectiveness in NNPC.Unique Contribution to policy and Practice: The study recommended that organizations should prioritize their social responsibilities to the staff by evolving plans and programmes that are staff oriented. Training of staff should be done constantly to sharpen their knowledge on the job task and that Organizations should evolve policies that allow for periodic health check and evaluation of the staff. The study showed that internal corporate social responsibility is essential in encouraging employee’s performance.
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Sorde, John, Chijioke Nwaozuzu, and Alwell Nteegah. "Sectoral Gas Demand and Sustainable Economic Development in Nigeria." International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science VII, no. X (2023): 758–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.47772/ijriss.2023.701060.
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This study investigated the impact of sectoral gas consumption on economic development in Nigeria from 2010 to 2020. Gas demand for power, industries, homes, transportation, and gas costs were used as the independent variables for sectoral gas demand, and the misery index was used as the dependent variable for sustainable economic development, in order to achieve the purpose of the study. The National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), the Nigeria Gas Company, and the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) were the sources of data on sectoral gas demand and economic development. The Autoregressive and Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was used to analyse the data after carrying out the unit roots test. The result shows that gas demand for transport, industrial, and power sectors as well as its cost contributed to a rise in the global misery index, which ultimately hampered long run sustainable economic development. On the other side, household demand for gas decreased the misery index and, over time, hence promoted long run economic development in Nigeria. The study also found an insignificant nexus between demand for gas by the various sectors and economic development in the long run. In the short run, gas demand for transport and cost of gas had significant impact on economic development. Based on these results, the study concludes that gas demand had serious implication on economic development in the short run than long run. Consequent upon the findings, the study recommended: an increase in gas demand for household use and for transportation through a stable and competitive price of natural gas in order to enhance sustainable economic development in Nigeria.
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Asaolu, T. O., O. Oyesanmi, P. O. Oladele, and A. M. Oladoyin. "Privatisation and commercialisation in Nigeria: Implications and prospects for good governance." South African Journal of Business Management 36, no. 3 (September 30, 2005): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajbm.v36i3.636.
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The privatisation and commercialisation Decree No. 25 of 1988 (amended 1999) which provided the legal backing for the Technical Committee of Privatisation and Commercialisation (TCPC), began the major paradigm shift in the conceptualisation of public enterprises in Nigeria. The paper primarily examined the privatisation exercise in Nigeria since 1988. It also attempted to provide measures that will simplify the complex process of privatisation with the hope of lessening the probability of crisis. The paper considered the impact of privatisation on performance of privatised companies, changes in employment and the increase in the prices of commodities of the enterprises vis-à-vis their gross income towards the overall good governance of the Nigerian society.The data for the paper were mainly secondary; and were drawn from the financial statements of companies in the stock Exchange and other stock Exchange reports, Central Bank Bulletins, publications and published reports of the Bureau of Public Enterprises. Newspapers and publication of the Federal Office of Statistics are other sources. The data were analysed by trend analysis using absolute figures, percentages and ratios based on the past record on privatisation in Nigeria.However, the study discovered that only a few successful enterprises, Flour Mills, African Petroleum, National oil and Chemical Marketing Company Limited (NOLCHEM) were partially privatised. The commercialisation of enterprises such as National Electric Power Authority (NEPA), Nigeria Telecommunications (NITEL) and Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), hardly showed any significant improvement in their operational and economic performance.The papers showed that employment levels were affected by privatisation. Between 1989 and 1993, the public sector accounted for more job losses than privatised companies. When privatised firms employment rose, public and private sectors still had lower employment levels. The sharp increase in prices between 1992 and 1994 did not create a sufficient increase in gross earnings for 1994. The results revealed that a reduction in public control would have an effect (at least in the short term) on prices. Profits increase but the extent to which this increase can attributed to reduction of government controls is not clear. Three banks witnessed sharp increase in investments and profitability immediately after privatisation, and there was a slight decrease before another increase. Results showed that privatisation has improved company performance, especially in the efficiency of resources utilisation. Higher profit to capital employed ratios has been witnessed since privatisation. Debt/Total Asset ratios have not been affected in any adverse way. Results from the study also revealed that price increases in excess of 200% occurred immediately after privatisation. This perhaps has an effect on the profits of the companies (especially those that still maintained monopoly status for a while.However, one fact is clear: the heydays of public enterprises in Nigeria are gone for good. It was on this note that the study concluded that privatisation is the appropriate economic recipe to achieve the much desired human development and good governance.
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Darlynton, Ofekeze Okiemute. "Arbitration Proceedings Involving State Entities/Public Institutions in Nigeria: How to Prevail Public Interest Using the Dispute Between Statoil and Texaco Against the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation as a Case Study." KAS African Law Study Library - Librairie Africaine d’Etudes Juridiques 6, no. 4 (2019): 509–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/2363-6262-2019-4-509.
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This work is intended to highlight the inadequacy of the present Nigerian Arbitration laws in arbitrations involving the Government and private organizations particularly in relation to the issue of public interest. The works also proffers solutions on how public interest can be protected in arbitrations involving the Government and private organizations.
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Mobene Eneriene Luke and Lucky Obukowho Odokuma. "Acute toxicity of crude oil from NNPC and artisanal refineries in Niger Delta on selected aquatic biota." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 016–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.15.3.0143.
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The spill of Crude oil from artisanal refineries and government owned pipelines has become recurrent situation in the Niger Delta, leading to devastating effects on the aquatic ecosystem. The toxicity of Crude oil from NNPC (Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation) refinery and selected artisanal refineries in Bolo, Twon-Brass and Ekpemu of the Niger Delta were investigated. The physicochemical properties of the products from the artisanal refineries short fall of the standards of Crude oil for refineries, as they contained impurities. The toxicity of the Crude oil was tested using three representatives of different trophic levels in the aquatic habitat; Fish (Tilapia guineensis), Crusteceans (Paleamonetes africanus), and Moluscs (Tympanotomus fuscatus). The LC50, NOEC, LOEC, and TUa were the indices used for toxicity assessment of the crude oil on the test organisms. The study revealed that all the Crude oil samples were toxic to the organisms. The degree of toxicity of crude oil showed the following trend; Ekpemu (LC50 – 0.02ppt)> Twon-Brass (LC50 – 0.06ppt)> Bolo (LC50 – 0.11ppt)> NNPC (LC50 – 4.63ppt), while the degree of sensitivity was; Tilapia guineensis > Paleamonetes africanus > Tympanotonus fuscatus. The findings further emphasize the need to control Crude oil spillage into the aquatic ecosystem.
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Bakari, H. R. "Time Series Analysis Model for Production and Utilization of Gas (A Case Study of Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation “Nnpc”)." IOSR Journal of Mathematics 9, no. 1 (2013): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/5728-0911723.
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Gajere, Monica. "The Impact of Strategic Drift and Tactical Wear – Out: An Anecdote Example: The Case of the Distribution of Petroleum Products by Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC)." International Journal of Emerging Trends in Social Sciences 3, no. 2 (2018): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.20448/2001.32.74.79.
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Biodun, Biola Mathew, Ojo Sunday Isaac Fayomi, and O. Joshua Okeniyi. "Effect of Biowaste Materials on the Physical Properties of Blended Fuel for Industrial Application." Key Engineering Materials 936 (December 14, 2022): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-596c82.
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In this study, PMS gasoline gotten from randomly selected commercial fuel stations was blended with ethanol gotten from agricultural waste and developed nanoparticles Additives (D-NA). The blended samples were analyzed for their physical properties using methods recommended by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). The tests were carried out on the fuel's density, oxygenates, benzene content, research octane number (RON) and sulphur content. The results shown in the physical property tests done on these blended fuels when compared with the neat gasoline gotten from the Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), industry standards (DPR/SON) and global markets (United States US & United Kingdom UK) shows that the blended fuels meet all required standards and specifications. The additives had little effect on the fuel’s density but showed a sharp drop in its benzene content levels which makes it a healthier choice of fuel. Ethanol blended fuel had a higher oxygenate level than neat gasoline and the D-NA blended fuel. The research octane number for the three fuel samples showed favorably high numbers that fit the standards of the global market. The most interesting result is the Sulphur content which showed an increase in its values for the blended fuels although the values are within industrial and global limits. Keywords: PMS Fuel; physical properties; density; oxygenates; nanoadditives; ethanol
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Akpan, Hannah, Imoh Ekpenyong Akpan, and Imaobong Olsson. "Mediation Tactics for Resolving Conflicts in Trade Unions: A Quantitative Case Study of the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria." Journal of Social Science Studies 10, no. 1 (July 3, 2023): 284. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jsss.v10i1.21131.
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Conflict is an inherent part of labor-management relations and has significant implications for organizations. To manage and resolve conflicts effectively, various mediation tactics have been developed to minimize costs, satisfy interests, build relationships, and control resource expenditures. This research aims to explore the utilization and effectiveness of mediation tactics in resolving conflicts within the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation's (NNPC) Research and Development Department in Port Harcourt, River State, Nigeria. The study examines the causes of organizational conflict and investigates the role of mediation in public enterprises. Data were collected using a self-made questionnaire distributed to 100 respondents in the Research and Development Department. The questionnaire employed a five-point Likert scale to measure opinions and perceptions. The research utilized a descriptive approach, and data analysis involved non-parametric statistics, such as frequency distributions and percentage values. The findings indicate that industrial conflicts frequently arise between employers and employees in the Research and Development Department. However, the study reveals that these conflicts can be effectively managed through mediation with the involvement of the workers' representative trade union. Therefore, the research highlights the importance of regular review of labor agreements and encourages effective employer-employee consultation and negotiation to reduce conflicts, promote industrial harmony, and enhance productivity. This study emphasizes the significance of mediation tactics in resolving conflicts within trade unions. It provides insights into the specific context of the NNPC's Research and Development Department and offers recommendations for organizations and stakeholders in industrial relations to foster conflict resolution, industrial harmony, and increased productivity.
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Onwuachi-Iheagwara, P. N., and B. I. Iheagwara. "Data Note: COVID-19, social distancing, and pipeline vandalism in Nigeria." F1000Research 10 (July 19, 2021): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.54315.1.
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We present a dataset of the monthly cases of pipeline vandalism in Nigeria from January 2015 to January 2021. Data used in this study were collated from the Monthly Financial and Operations Reports (MFOR) of the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). Each MFOR provides cases of pipeline vandalism during a 12-month span from five key locations; Mosimi, Kaduna, Port Harcourt, Warri, and Gombe. Recorded incidences of pipeline vandalism from these locations were summed and assembled into five groups; namely: historical data, prior-COVID-19, COVID-19 lockdown, and post-COVID-19 lockdown. The data were grouped based on dates. These dates were January 2015 to July 2019, August 2019 to January 2020, February 2020 to July 2020, and August 2020 to January 2021 respectively. The historical data were further sub-divided into four sub-groups based on the deployment (May 2016) of sophisticated weapons, satellite imagery, and geographical information system into the security apparatus to checkmate pipeline vandalism. The four sub-groups are sub-group A (one-year before deployment), sub-group B (the year of deployment), sub-group C (one-year after deployment), and sub-group D (two-years after deployment). The dates span for each sub-group is May 2015-April 2016, May 2016-April 2017, May 2017-April 2018, and May 2018-April 2019 respectively. After the deployment of GIS devices in May 2016, the accumulated national number of pipeline vandalism cases declined from 400 cases in January 2016 to 293 in February 2016, and 259 cases in March 2016 as opposed to 60, 49, and 94 cases in the same months in 2017; but over the years, 2017 to 2021 these methods have proved less effective, and cases of pipeline vandalism have risen once more. Similar changes in the number of cases and patterns were observed during the COVID-19 movement restrictions. From the dataset, it can be seen that COVID-19 influenced incidences of pipeline vandalism.
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Onwuachi-Iheagwara, P. N., and B. I. Iheagwara. "Data Note: COVID-19, social distancing, and pipeline vandalism in Nigeria." F1000Research 10 (December 20, 2022): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.54315.2.
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We present a dataset of the monthly cases of pipeline vandalism in Nigeria from January 2015 to January 2021. Data used in this study were collated from the Monthly Financial and Operations Reports (MFOR) of the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC). Each MFOR provides cases of pipeline vandalism during a 12-month span from five key locations; Mosimi, Kaduna, Port Harcourt, Warri, and Gombe. Recorded incidences of pipeline vandalism from these locations were summed and assembled into five groups; namely: historical data, prior-COVID-19, COVID-19 lockdown, and post-COVID-19 lockdown. The data were grouped based on dates. These dates were January 2015 to July 2019, August 2019 to January 2020, February 2020 to July 2020, and August 2020 to January 2021 respectively. The historical data were further sub-divided into four sub-groups based on the deployment (May 2016) of sophisticated weapons, satellite imagery, and geographical information system into the security apparatus to checkmate pipeline vandalism. The four sub-groups are sub-group A (one-year before deployment), sub-group B (the year of deployment), sub-group C (one-year after deployment), and sub-group D (two-years after deployment). The dates span for each sub-group is May 2015-April 2016, May 2016-April 2017, May 2017-April 2018, and May 2018-April 2019 respectively. After the deployment of GIS devices in May 2016, the accumulated national number of pipeline vandalism cases declined from 400 cases in January 2016 to 293 in February 2016, and 259 cases in March 2016 as opposed to 60, 49, and 94 cases in the same months in 2017; but over the years, 2017 to 2021 these methods have proved less effective, and cases of pipeline vandalism have risen once more. Similar changes in the number of cases and patterns were observed during the COVID-19 movement restrictions. From the dataset, it can be seen that COVID-19 influenced incidences of pipeline vandalism.
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Ayoade, A. A., and D. S. Adoh. "Environmental variables and benthic macroinvertebrates of Temidire Stream associated with an oil depot, Ibadan, southwest Nigeria." Zoologist (The) 20, no. 1 (November 25, 2022): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/tzool.v20i1.8.
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Streams are often recipients of pollution from agricultural, domestic and industrial sources though they are important sources of water supply and habitats of several aquatic species. Regular monitoring is required to protect this fragile but important ecosystem. Therefore, some physico-chemical parameters and macroinvertebrate assemblages of Temidire Stream, a perennial stream that flows through the Nigeria National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC) depot and Temidire community in Apata, Ibadan metropolis were investigated in order to determine the pollution status of the water and sediment and its impact on the biological community. Water and sediment samples were collected from five stations in the stream and from an adjacent stream monthly between August, 2019 and January, 2020 for physico-chemical parameter and benthic macroinvertebrate analyses. Dissolved oxygen, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS), and pH were determined in situ using EXTECH EC400 and C933 pH meters, respectively. Heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected by kick sampling method. The results showed that TDS and conductivity of station 1 differed significantly from the other stations (p< 0.05). The concentrations of Pb, Ni and Cd exceeded the recommended levels for surface water and Pb and Cd in water and sediment correlated mostly with PC 1. The average Igeo class for the heavy metals in all the stations was >2 indicating uncontaminated to moderately/heavily contaminated sediment. Ninety-six (96) individuals of macroinvertebrates from seven families and six orders were encountered and aquatic insects were dominant (75%). Taxa richness (0-0.82) and diversity (0-0.59) were lower in all the stations compared to the control site. Exceedance of WHO limits by some heavy metals and paucity of macroinvertebrates, especially pollution-sensitive species in the stream suggests that it is polluted. Regular monitoring of the stream is advocated to minimize pollution.
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Li Yixuan and Li Lun. "Valuation analysis of China national petroleum corporation." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 10, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 222–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2024.10.2.0064.
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Oil is considered the lifeblood of several countries due to the political need to offer energy security. Moreover, world economies depend on the state’s supervision and control of oil prices. Thus, the relevant policies of oil companies are carefully formulated in conjunction with government policymakers. Hence, the valuation of oil enterprises is of great significance to global security and economic development. As traditional valuation models tend to underestimate petroleum enterprises, this study adopts the economic value added (EVA) model and incorporates environmental, social, and governance (ESG) indicators to ascertain a new absolute valuation indicator for China National Petroleum Corporationbased on the weighted average adjusted enterprise value, providing a new evaluation indicator for the petrochemical industry.
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Kinney, Brent D. "Petroleum Laws and Model Contracting Terms – Production Sharing in China." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 13, no. 5 (October 1995): 461–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459879501300505.
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Jurisdiction for China's petroleum administration has been separated with China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) vested with exclusive rights in the on-shore and China National Off-shore Oil Corporation (CNOOC) given exclusive jurisdiction off-shore. Both of these state companies have published model production sharing contracts which are similar in all material respects but which differ from the usual production sharing contract by incorporating taxation and royalty obligations in addition to production sharing arrangements in one document.
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Barguma, Wilson Simon, Adana’a Felix Chama, and Emmanuel Torsen. "Impact of Nigerian Petroleum Oil Production on Nigerian Economy: Cointegration and Error Correction Model Analysis." Asian Journal of Advanced Research and Reports 17, no. 11 (September 21, 2023): 100–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajarr/2023/v17i11557.
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This study was done to investigate the effect of Nigerian crude oil production against Nigerian economy.Johansen's co-integration concept is employed on thirty-three years (1981-2013) data about annual Gross national income, petroleum production along with petroleum oil exchange. Augumented Dickey-fuller (ADF) test was carried out in level as well as first difference of every sequence. ADF test indicated existence of unit root at the level otherwise at first difference the series were stationary. The trace and eigenvalues of Johansen co-integration indicated single co-integrating equation in the system, hence presence of long-term relationship between the variable. However, since the series are co-integrated, vector-error-correction-model was applied to estimate the long-term coefficient.Crude oil production has a negative coefficient and significant, while crude oil export is significant in predicting difference in Gross national income on the long-term. Contrary to the long-term result there was no short-run causation between Gross national income, petroleum oil production and crude oil exportation in Nigeria.The revealed result of the study attracted recommendation that export of the product should be given keen attention and proper management, that will bring development of other sectors through the income from crude oil exportation which will bring about great growth in economy.
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Hussain, Hani A. "“Kuwait Petroleum Corporation: New Horizons for National Oil Companies”." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 6, no. 4-5 (September 1988): 323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459878800600405.
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Kuwait, in nationalising our production of oil, formed the Kuwait Petroleum Corporation (KPC) to operate as an integrated oil company with satelite specialised companies. Since its formation in 1980, KPC, like other suppliers, has had to cope with soft markets, low prices and the consequent reduced revenues and limitation on development. KPC's goals have been to both stabilise and maximise revenues and diversify its source. This has been facilitated through the use of the expertise in the public companies under its control. As a result KPC has invested US $4.5 billion in upgrading projects, acquired technology through purchasing Santa Fe International and entered downstream marketing successfully in Europe.
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Becker, Paula Alexander. "The alien tort statute of 1789 and international human rights violations: Kiobel v. royal dutch petroleum co." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2014): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-17-01-2014-b004.
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Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum Co. involves an action under the Alien Tort Statute (ATS). The case was brought in the United States, Southern District of New York, by the widow of Dr. Barinem Kiobel, a Nigerian activist and member of the Ogoni tribe, and others for human rights violations committed in the Niger River Delta. Defendants include Royal Dutch Petroleum, Shell Transport and Trading Co., and Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria. Although the human rights violations including murder and torture were allegedly committed by the Nigerian military government, it is claimed that the Royal Dutch Petroleum defendants aided and abetted the Nigerian military in the human rights violations. The plaintiffs had engaged in protests about the environmental damage caused by the Royal Dutch Petroleum defendants in the area of the Niger Delta and the plight of the Ogoni people in Ogoniland. At the trial level, the court decided that certain claims involving violations of the Law of Nations could be heard by the court. However, the case was appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, which decided that there is a presumption against extraterritoriality in the application of the ATS, and that “mere presence” of a defendant corporation in the United States is insufficient for a court to assume jurisdiction. However, the question remains: What corporate presence would serve as a sufficient basis for a court to assume jurisdiction under the ATS? Given the possibility that corporations could, and perhaps in the future will, be found liable for human rights violations occurring in foreign locales even after Kiobel, prudent risk management behooves corporations and their counsel to monitor whether human rights violations are occurring in connection with their operations, even when those human rights violations are committed by foreign governments or their agents.
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Adenekan Olanrewaju, I., Aime Nyoungue, and Sophie Hennequin. "Production Strategy for Petroleum Industry: A Case study of Nigerian National Petroleum Company Downstream Operation." IFAC-PapersOnLine 56, no. 2 (2023): 1803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.10.1893.
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Esang, Ankoh U. "Employer’s liability insurance and employee’s value added in Nigeria petroleum industry (2015-2023)." International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Growth Evaluation 5, no. 2 (2024): 600–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.54660/.ijmrge.2024.5.2.600-610.
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This study examines the effect employer’s liability insurance on Employee Value Added in the Nigerian petroleum industry. The human, social and economic costs of occupational accidents, injuries and diseases and major industrial disasters have long been cause for concern at all levels, from the individual workplace to the national and international. The secondary data gathered for the study covered the period from 2015 to 2023. These data were collected from the consolidated financial statement of the selected companies. Cross-sectional research design was employed in this study and pooled least squares regression technique was used in data analysis. The finding revealed that there is a joint effect of employer’s liability insurance claims payment, employee benefits expenses, retirement benefit compensation obligation on Employee Value Added in the Nigerian petroleum industry. Conclusion was that employer’s liability insurance has significant effect on employee’s value added in Nigeria petroleum industry (2015-2023) Recommendations were that employer’s liability insurance scheme should be properly funded, managed and sustained for more employee value added in the Nigerian petroleum industry. There is need for petroleum companies to increase share options granted to employees to complement employer’s liability insurance for more performance. There is need to increase the number of employees in the petroleum industry to enhanced employee value added.
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Guo, Xiaoxuan. "How Digital Transformation Affect the Competitiveness of Enterprises of Petroleum Corporation." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 10, no. 2 (August 14, 2023): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v10i2.11067.
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Petroleum enterprises play an important fundamental role in our national economy. In the context of the rapid development of the digital economy, digital transformation is an effective way for enterprises to use digital information technology and digital platforms to enhance traditional power, promote information technology and business innovation, improve corporate performance, and seek lasting competitive advantages. Based on the concepts of digital transformation, dynamic capability and enterprise competitiveness and relevant theoretical basis, this paper constructs A theoretical model of digital transformation and enterprise competitiveness of petroleum enterprises with 1052 samples of 98 oil enterprises listed on Shanghai and Shenzhen A-shares from 2007 to 2021. Content analysis and crawler technology were used to calculate the degree of digital transformation, factor analysis was used to calculate the enterprise competitiveness index, and statistical analysis software STATA15.1 was used to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the competitiveness of petroleum enterprises and the regulatory role of knowledge transfer ability in this process. The results show that the digital transformation of petroleum enterprises is positively correlated with the competitiveness of petroleum enterprises. Knowledge transfer ability plays a moderating role in the relationship between digital transformation and competitiveness of petroleum enterprises. This paper discusses the mechanism between the digital transformation of petroleum enterprises and the competitiveness of enterprises, which helps petroleum enterprises to actively promote digital transformation, enhance their emphasis on technological innovation and patent research, and provide new ideas for petroleum enterprises to promote digital transformation and enhance their competitiveness.
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Huang, Xin, and Nan Jun Lai. "WTO Accession Brings Opportunities, Challenges to CNOOC and Corresponding Countermeasures." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 1492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.1492.
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China join in WTO means that China petroleum industry will be integrated into economic globalization also means that China petroleum industry will have a direct impact by market competition. As being Chinese’s largest offshore oil and gas producer, China National Offshore Oil Corporation must take active measures to deal with the opportunities and challenges brought by joining the World Trade Organization.
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Amaeshi, Basil. "Subject indexing in the Nigerian National Corporation Library: design of an instrument." Library Review 50, no. 9 (December 2001): 457–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eum0000000006152.
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Liu, Haiyan, Jianning Yu, Yu Fan, Gang Shi, and Xiaojun Bao. "A scenario-based clean gasoline production strategy for China National Petroleum Corporation." Petroleum Science 5, no. 3 (August 2008): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12182-008-0048-7.
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