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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nigerian trafficking of women'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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1

LO, IACONO EVA. "THE GREY AREAS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN WOMEN: FROM TRAFFICKED WOMEN TO PERPETRATOR OF TRAFFICKING." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2458.

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Non esistono dati statistici certi sul numero totale di donne nigeriane trafficate annualmente in Italia ed introdotte nel mercato del sesso. Di fronte a questo ampio numero oscuro, bisogna porsi delle domande: cosa succede alla vittima di tratta quando non trova alcuna forma di aiuto o assistenza sociale? Cosa avviene quando non riesce ad uscire dal mercato del sesso? Secondo testimoni diretti e fonti ufficiali, tra le attuali madams vi sono anche ex vittime che hanno fatto carriera nella gerarchia della tratta e dentro le organizzazioni criminali. La mobilità femminile verso il lato gestionale di questo crimine rappresenta la caratteristica più rilevante della tratta di matrice nigeriana: vale a dire, le vittime sono condotte nel corso del tempo a svolgere una parte attiva nel complesso progetto criminale. Questo elemento distintivo al modello nigeriano richiede un’analisi approfondita, tramite nuovi approcci intesi a sottolineare: a) le aree grigie del mercato della tratta; b) i ruoli intermedi che gli individui ricoprono all'interno del modello vittima/reo; c) la mobilità femminile nella gerarchia dei gruppi criminali. Attraverso metodi di stampo antropologico, questo contributo intende effettuare una analisi più approfondita sui molteplici ruoli delle donne nel mercato della tratta umana.
There are not clear figures regarding the group of Nigerian women who are lured annually in the sex market in Italy. Facing such a dark number, several questions on the lives of these unknown women arise: What happens to the trafficking victims who do not find any form of social aid or assistance? What happens when the former trafficked women are not able to exit from the trade industry? According to eyewitness accounts as well as official sources, some current madams were trafficked women in the past. They made a career in the trafficking hierarchy and its organised crime groups. The female mobility towards the organisational side of the trafficking offence represents the most striking characteristic of Nigerian trade industry; that is, the victims are included by their persecutors as active part of a more complex criminal project. Such a distinctive element of Nigerian criminal model needs to be analysed through new approaches aimed at highlighting: a) the grey areas in the trade industry; b) the intermediate roles within the victim/offender model; c) the female vertical mobility in the trafficking hierarchy. Through an ethnographic methodological framework, this study wants to analyse the multiple female roles in the trafficking industry.
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2

LO, IACONO EVA. "THE GREY AREAS IN TRAFFICKING OF NIGERIAN WOMEN: FROM TRAFFICKED WOMEN TO PERPETRATOR OF TRAFFICKING." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/2458.

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Non esistono dati statistici certi sul numero totale di donne nigeriane trafficate annualmente in Italia ed introdotte nel mercato del sesso. Di fronte a questo ampio numero oscuro, bisogna porsi delle domande: cosa succede alla vittima di tratta quando non trova alcuna forma di aiuto o assistenza sociale? Cosa avviene quando non riesce ad uscire dal mercato del sesso? Secondo testimoni diretti e fonti ufficiali, tra le attuali madams vi sono anche ex vittime che hanno fatto carriera nella gerarchia della tratta e dentro le organizzazioni criminali. La mobilità femminile verso il lato gestionale di questo crimine rappresenta la caratteristica più rilevante della tratta di matrice nigeriana: vale a dire, le vittime sono condotte nel corso del tempo a svolgere una parte attiva nel complesso progetto criminale. Questo elemento distintivo al modello nigeriano richiede un’analisi approfondita, tramite nuovi approcci intesi a sottolineare: a) le aree grigie del mercato della tratta; b) i ruoli intermedi che gli individui ricoprono all'interno del modello vittima/reo; c) la mobilità femminile nella gerarchia dei gruppi criminali. Attraverso metodi di stampo antropologico, questo contributo intende effettuare una analisi più approfondita sui molteplici ruoli delle donne nel mercato della tratta umana.
There are not clear figures regarding the group of Nigerian women who are lured annually in the sex market in Italy. Facing such a dark number, several questions on the lives of these unknown women arise: What happens to the trafficking victims who do not find any form of social aid or assistance? What happens when the former trafficked women are not able to exit from the trade industry? According to eyewitness accounts as well as official sources, some current madams were trafficked women in the past. They made a career in the trafficking hierarchy and its organised crime groups. The female mobility towards the organisational side of the trafficking offence represents the most striking characteristic of Nigerian trade industry; that is, the victims are included by their persecutors as active part of a more complex criminal project. Such a distinctive element of Nigerian criminal model needs to be analysed through new approaches aimed at highlighting: a) the grey areas in the trade industry; b) the intermediate roles within the victim/offender model; c) the female vertical mobility in the trafficking hierarchy. Through an ethnographic methodological framework, this study wants to analyse the multiple female roles in the trafficking industry.
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3

Aluko-Daniels, O. F. "Locating the place of consent in the movement of Nigerian women for prostitution in Italy." Thesis, Coventry University, 2014. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/f7dfe176-37b0-4f80-b1c0-d6c5e8f07edf/1.

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The history of international human trafficking law suggests that the trafficking of women for prostitution is a not a new phenomenon. The earliest approach to address the problem was founded on a moral ground but adopted a law enforcement strategy by criminalising the procurement of women for prostitution. Consequently consent at the time was discountenanced in favour of the end purpose for which the women were moved. This approach prevailed over a long period until the adoption of the Protocol to Prevent, Suppress and Punish Trafficking in Persons, Especially Women and Children, Supplementing the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (Trafficking Protocol) in 2000. The Trafficking Protocol adopts a three thronged (prevention, protection and prosecution) approach to combating human trafficking. Whilst this is a novel approach the Trafficking Protocol makes consent irrelevant only when the movement of the women is procured through coercion. Accordingly consent or lack of consent became an essential element for distinguishing trafficking from other migratory crimes such as human smuggling. The challenge of applying consent as criterion to differentiate human trafficking from human smuggling particularly becomes problematical when applied to the movement of women for prostitution. This is especially so in the light of feminists’ debate on whether prostitution should be conceptualised as sex work or as violence against women. To establish consent or lack of consent in the context of the Trafficking Protocol is complicated, inexhaustive framing of the consent nullifying elements ignores country specific and cultural practices in recruitment of women for prostitution. This thesis demonstrates the complexity of using consent as a criterion to determine whether Nigerian women moved into Italy are trafficked or voluntary agents. In doing so the thesis highlights the extent to which the interpretation of consent may be influenced by social, cultural and socio-legal issues. This thesis accentuate juju oath ritual and debt bondage as frequently employed to recruit and move Nigerian women into prostitution as consent nullifying elements.
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4

Eriksson, Victoria. "Gränsen mellan effektivitet och medmänsklighet : En kvalitativ studie om hanteringen av ärenden där nigerianska kvinnor tvingats in i människohandel genom religiöst tvång." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-412408.

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The following study seek to examine how professionals within different organizations in Sweden work to deal with cases where Nigerian women have been forced into human trafficking through juju-rituals. The aim of the study is to examine how professionals relate to women’s beliefs, what opportunities women have for overcoming this spiritual control, and what strategies professionals use to try to undermine the spiritual control. The following study seeks to answer these questions through qualitative data based on five semi-structured interviews with professionals working in non-governmental organizations (NGOs), asylum agencies or as regional-coordinators. The result of the study indicate that the professionals constantly balance between efficiency and humanity in terms of trying to challenge Nigerian women’s perceived spiritual control. The professionals often perceive that there is a limit to how much the women’s beliefs can be called into dispute. Forcing Nigerian women to renounce their juju-faith is considered as a violation of women’s religious freedom.   Furthermore, the result of the study indicates that how professionals relate to Nigerian women’s fear of juju may differ depending on occupational category. The result indicates that law enforcement authorities are more likely to explain the link between human trafficking and the use of juju as brainwash, while other NGOs strive to develop a deeper understanding of Nigerian women’s fear of juju’s subsequent effects. In conclusion, the study's findings show that the professionals claim that Nigerian women have different capabilities for dealing with the situation they are in. That the professionals want the women themselves to be agents in their religious lives indicate a respect for women's right to practice their religion, even if their choices are not an effective solution to their problems.
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5

Oyebanji, Kemi Fisayo. "Human trafficking across a border in Nigeria: Experiences of young women who have survived trafficking." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5939.

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Magister Artium - MA (Women and Gender Studies)
Human trafficking is a global issue that most countries have battled to control and combat in recent times. It is exploitative, abusive and violates human rights. Research showing the prevalence of human trafficking in mostly underdeveloped and developing countries with slack border controls and ineffective immigration activities seem to foreground women as victims in most cases. Although men, women and children are all prone to trafficking, young women and girls are more vulnerable due to political, economic and social factors. This study focuses on the experiences of young women who survived trafficking. Working within a qualitat ive feminist framework, this study explores the lived experiences of trafficked young women across a border in Nigeria. Five participants aged twenty to twenty-five were selected through convenience and snowballing sampling. Narrative thematic analysis was used as a methodology for data analysis. Findings from this study clearly show multiple factors which contribute to young women's vulnerability to trafficking. Some of the factors included family instability, feminization of poverty and gender inequality, which saw male children preferred over their female counterparts. Low levels of education and lack of care and support from the family further emerged as a source of vulnerability to trafficking for young women due to their low level of education. Gender and sexuality played a role in the reason for trafficking in this case, because all of the survivors were trafficked for the purpose of commercial sex work.
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6

Hilario, Pascoal Rafaela da Conceição. "The vulnerability of Nigerian and Romanian women in sexual exploitation. Motherhood as being a double vulnerability." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Palermo, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10447/265095.

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7

Zywiec, Dawn Marie. "Women Trafficking Women and Children: An Exploratory Study of Women Sex Traffickers." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/520.

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8

Wilcox, Joseph Morgan. "Trafficking in women: International sex services." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2754.

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This research looks to identify precursors to women becoming involved in trafficking for prostitution and/or sexual services in the United States. The failure to find patterns or trends regarding why women are trafficked or what types of women are trafficked most often, helps dispel some myths regarding the stereotypical victim of trafficking.
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9

Scafini, Fernanda. "Sex Trafficking and Migrant Women in Greece: A study of the reasons of the sex trafficking of migrant women." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23321.

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Sex trafficking is a global phenomenon affecting mainly women. This phenomenon is highly apparent in Greece, where thousands of migrant women end up trafficked. In order to understand why this happens, it is important to know the underlying causes of it. Therefore, this researched aimed to find the reasons why migrant women end up as sex trafficking victims in Greece. This was done through primary material gathering, in form of interviews with anti-trafficking agents in Greece, followed by a theme analysis, finding six key themes with reasons why migrant women are trafficked. These were, Vulnerability (of migrant women), Greece as the Portal to the EU, Government Deficiency, Hostility and Segregation (hostility of Greek national towards migrants which leads to their segregation), Trafficking as a Profitable Industry and Cultural Gender Oppression. To further analyze these themes, a triangulation method was used, which compared these results to previous literature on the issue and then further problematized it through different migration and gender-related theories.
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10

Arslan, Selin. "Women Trafficking In Turkey: International Cooperation And Intervention." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608051/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT WOMEN TRAFFICKING IN TURKEY: INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AND INTERVENTION Arslan, Selin MS., Department of Gender and Women&rsquo
s Studies Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Yusuf Ziya Ö
zcan December, 2006, 217 pages. This study has focused on analyzing the women trafficking in Turkey and the international cooperation and interventions which Turkey has done in years between 2004 and 2006. While mentioning efforts on combating human trafficking and international cooperation and interventions, the support of International Organization for Migration (IOM), the leading intergovernmental organization working against trafficking, which Turkey became member in 2004, should be mentioned as well. This study is trying to show the efforts of Turkey in the situation of combating with an organized crime, a gross human rights violation-especially after becoming member of the International Organization for Migration. Before discussing the situation and efforts in Turkey on counter trafficking the realization of women&rsquo
s rights the emergence of the women&rsquo
s discourse within the international arena and the international debate on trafficking especially after the Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP) have been introduced and discussed in detail. Such a beginning facilitated conceptualization of (1) the evolution of the emergence of conscious on trafficking crime in the international arena (2) the sprout of the idea and perception of &ldquo
combating trafficking crime&rdquo
in Turkish society and (3) the transformation of the Turkish context related to trafficking issues in the light of discussions emerged by the support of IOM Turkey.
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11

Aradau, Claudia. "Politics out of security : rethinking trafficking in women." Thesis, n.p, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/.

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12

Nwokocha, Sandra Chinyeaka. "Feminism in twenty-first-century Nigerian novels by women." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7310/.

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Scholarship on twenty-first century Nigerian female-authored novels has long been dominated by womanist readings, regardless of the fact that these modern narratives represent feminism in strong terms. The readings often subsume subversive femininity within non-aggressive liberation, resulting in an insufficient narrative of the intricacies of the novels of the period. This thesis challenges such representations by proposing subversion as the hallmark of twenty- first century Nigerian female-authored novels through a textual analysis of Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s Purple Hibiscus and Half of a Yellow Sun, Sefi Atta’s Everything Good Will Come and Kaine Agary’s Yellow Yellow. Through a gynocentric approach, the analysis of the novels foregrounds a feminist view of domination, resistance and solidarity, espousing the premise that the contemporary heroines are understandably rebellious in asserting female agency. The thesis draws three fundamental conclusions: that the feminist paradigm is useful to the comprehension of the nuances of twenty-first century Nigerian female-authored novels, that dissidence is a remarkable feature of contemporary texts, and that this revolutionary tendency contrasts with the conservative attitudes of the previous epoch.
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13

Solakhyan, Marina. "Trafficking of women promoting international human rights norms through prevention, protection, and prosecution (Three "P"s) in Armenia." Ohio : Ohio University, 2007. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1180096688.

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14

Nankobe, Vitalis Mbah. "Human Trafficking and Migrant Prostitution in Europe: A Qualitative Study of Nigerian Female Sex Workers in Italy." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21856.

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15

Nhien, Pham Cao. "Preventing and combatting women trafficking from Vietnam to China." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36015/.

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Human trafficking is a growing global problem and is inextricably linked to migration, which is often theorised through a consideration of push and pull factors. An effective response to human trafficking needs to fully address the push factors in the country of origin and pull factors in the country of destination, including any law enforcement response. However, most academic studies only focus on human trafficking in either the country of origin or the country of destination. Therefore, there is a lack of full understanding of push and pull factors, and their interaction in a specific context between a country of origin and a country of destination. This study helps to fill this gap in understanding by investigating the trafficking in Vietnamese women to China using the theory of both push and pull factors. Push factors are defined as those in the country of origin that impel people to leave their home, and make them vulnerable to trafficking. Pull factors are dynamics in the country of destination, which encourage people to migrate there, and make them vulnerable to trafficking. Pull factors also create opportunities for criminals to traffic people from the country of origin. The research uniquely draws not only on the lived experience gathered by semi-structured interviews with twenty-four law enforcement personnel, who are involved in investigating incidents of the trafficking of Vietnamese women to China, but also on the lived experiences of seven trafficking victims, a group who are rarely interviewed. A sample of 326 incidents of the trafficking in Vietnamese women to China, collected from online newspapers, and eight final investigation reports, are analysed by using quantitative content analysis, to cross-check interview data. The original results of the study reveal push and pull factors for the trafficking of Vietnamese women to China, and how push and pull factors are interconnected to create the dynamics of the trafficking of Vietnamese women to China. The challenges facing investigators in the fight against trafficking in Vietnamese women to China are also revealed. Based on the theory of push and pull factors, a number of possible solutions are proposed to prevent and combat the trafficking of Vietnamese women to China. In addition, this study aims to lay a foundation for further research and discussion on push and pull factors theory in other geographical locales.
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16

Azeez, Adesina Lukuman. "Representations of Women in Nigerian Video Films : Construction and Reception." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503257.

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17

Ogbodo, A. K., and O. P. Onwughara. "Difference in frequency obstetric fistula in nigerian and european women." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/58730.

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An obstetric fistula is an abnormal opening between the vagina and organs of pelvis.Each year, more than a quarter million women in Nigeria die in pregnancy and childbirth, of those that do not perish, suffer from obstetric fistula (OF).OF caused by of obstructed labor, without timely medical intervention or Cesarean section. During this time, the soft tissues of the pelvis are compressed between the baby’s head and the mother’s pelvic bones. The lack of blood flow causes tissue to die, creating a hole between the mother’s vagina and organs of pelvis .
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18

Stone, Margaret Priscilla. "Women, work and marriage: A restudy of the Nigerian Kofyar." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184499.

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Most scholars of female farmers of sub-Saharan Africa have come to agree that the transition from subsistence to market agriculture has hurt women's independent agricultural enterprises and incomes. Research conducted among a group of farmers known as the Kofyar of central Nigeria provides a case study which runs counter to this general consensus. Kofyar women have not suffered a loss of economic or social independence with the introduction of cash-cropping but have in fact embraced the new opportunities of the markets to produce crops for sale independently of their households. The Kofyar farming system as a whole is outlined, and the system of independent production is described within this context. The recent history of the Kofyar is sketched including, most importantly, their migration into an agricultural frontier, the adoption of yams as the primary cash crop, and the evolution of a complex set of mechanisms for mobilizing labor. The role of women in the cooperative labor network and in household labor is described and women's important contributions to all types of labor are linked to their access to labor for their own independent production. One of the basic arguments is that Kofyar women are prospering relative to other African women because their labor has been so crucial to the agriculture of the Kofyar both before and since the introduction of cash-cropping. The other basic argument for Kofyar women's relative success is that they are successfully exploiting the flexibility inherent in their farming system to maximize their own production. The use of intensive techniques such as intercropping and taking advantage of the flexibility in the timing of certain agricultural tasks on their major crops of groundnuts and yams are examples of this strategy. Women have, in other words, evolved a system of independent production which fits around rather than competes directly with male/household farming. The dissertation goes on to place women's independent farming within the broader social system by analyzing differences between women in marriage and childbearing statuses and histories. Regular differences in magnitude of independent production are found between women with contrasting social characteristics (e.g. age, marital status, divorce history, numbers of children). The portrait of the most prosperous woman is sketched. Kofyar women's activities are seen as an essential part of Kofyar development. The system in general has become more prosperous and women as important contributors to that prosperity are also benefiting as individuals from these changes.
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19

Ali, Fatimah Binta. "Body Weight Self-Perceptions and Experiences of Nigerian Women Immigrants." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6962.

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Low-income immigrants in the United States experience declining health with increasing length of stay in the country. Their declining health over time has been associated with increased smoking, obesity prevalence, and higher risk for developing diabetes and heart disease. How immigrants perceive their body weight and size, influenced by social interaction, culture, gender, and acculturation is also significant to healthy weight maintenance. Not knowing one's healthy weight could result in body weight misperception and resistance to attaining a healthy weight. The aim of this qualitative study, based on the social constructivist framework, was to understand Nigerian women immigrants' (NWI's) body weight self-perceptions (BWSPs), their experiences with weight changes after immigration, and what it meant to them within their historical, immigration, and cultural contexts. Data were collected from audio recorded interviews of 8 purposefully selected NWIs living in Middle Tennessee. After a process of content analysis of transcribed interviews using NVivo, participants' BWSPs were described and interpreted using hermeneutic phenomenology. The key findings of this research were that participants perceived themselves overweight compared to when they had just immigrated to the United States; believed that age, marriage, change in environment and food contributed to their weight gain; and were not accepting of their weight gain, which led them to eating healthier and moving more in order to lose weight. Findings from this research have social change implications for reducing health disparities by disseminating timely health information accessible to immigrants to educate them about nutrition and physical activity behaviors for healthy weight maintenance.
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20

Alblooshi, Mansoor Hassan. "Combating the trafficking of women : a critical evaluation of the United Arab Emirates anti-trafficking efforts." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.643067.

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Within the last decade, much effort has been made by the United Arab Emirates (hereafter the UAE) to tackle the problem of human trafficking, particularly of women. The UAE government has attempted to achieve a balance among the three areas of the prevention of root causes of trafficking, the prosecution and punishment of human traffickers and the protection of rights of trafficked women. In practice, however, the UAE government mainly focuses on criminal justice aspects of trafficking, as many of its anti-trafficking measures and policies have been directed towards enhancing the UAE's efforts to prosecute traffickers, and prevent the crime through border control measures, and raising awareness among law enforcement agencies and officers. The protection of the rights of trafficked women and the addressing of socioeconomic, political and legal conditions that may increase migrant women's vulnerability to trafficking have received little attention. This thesis aims to determine whether the UAE's current anti-trafficking measures and policies to address and solve the problem of trafficking of women are effective, and if they are not, how these measures can be improved.
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21

Gonzalez, Nicole M. "Moving to restoration: How can service providers better help women in the “sex industry”?" Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35412.

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Master of Science
Family Studies and Human Services
Sandra M. Stith
The purpose of this thesis is to learn from human trafficking survivors about how service providers can better help female victims of human trafficking. The paper is guided by two theories, i.e., Attention Restoration Theory (Hartig, Evans, Jamner, Davis, & Galing, 2003) and The Holistic Process Theory of Healing (Ventegodt, Andersen, & Merrick, 2003). In this paper, I refer to the participants in my research as survivors and individuals who have been or currently are victims of human trafficking as victims. To utilize the common language used by the participants of this study, sex trafficking will be referred to as the “sex industry”. The purpose of the study was to gain the perspectives of women in the process of exiting from the sex industry to answer the overarching questions of how service providers can better help women who are on the path to restoration and recovery, as well as to help service providers better identify female victims and their needs. A combined approach of Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis and Gilligan, Spencer, Weinberg and Bertsch’s (n.d.) Listening Guide was used to analyze the transcribed interviews for a better understanding of the narratives of the participants and the themes that emerged from their narratives.
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22

Zimmerman, Cathy. "Trafficking in women : the health of women in post-trafficking services in Europe who were trafficked into prostitution or sexually abused as domestic labourers." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2007. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/1343272/.

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Background. The trafficking of women and adolescents into exploitative and forced labour is a growing crime and a severe form of violence against women. Little theory or research-based evidence currently exists on the health risks and consequences associated with trafficking. Objectives. This thesis presents conceptual models and describes systematically collected data on the health risks and consequences of trafficked women and adolescents, and considers methodological implications of research with this vulnerable group. Methods. Two studies, one qualitative and one quantitative, were conducted with women trafficked predominantly for sexual exploitation. The formative research exploring trafficking-related health risks was carried out in five European states with a total of 28 women. The quantitative survey was conducted with a cohort of 207 attending post-trafficking services in seven European States. Semi-structured interviews were carried out over three time periods (0-14 days, 28-56 days and 90+ days) to document reported pre-trafficking and trafficking-related risk exposures and post-trafficking physical, sexual, reproductive and mental health symptoms. Results. Risk exposures included high levels of pre-departure and in-trafficking violence (physical and/or sexual). Perceived physical health symptoms were prevalent, especially at the first interview, with neurological symptoms (e.g., headaches) being the most prevalent and persistent. Most physical symptoms reduced between the first and second interviews. Symptoms suggestive of post-traumatic stress disorder were reported over the three interviews by 56%,12% and 7% of women, respectively. Depression levels remained extremely high throughout the study. Anxiety and hostility levels were also high, but decreased more than depression. Conclusions. These descriptive analyses offer theoretical models and new evidence on risk and health symptom patterns. Findings suggest the need for urgent and longterm comprehensive health care services, an adequate legal period of recovery and reflection, and research methods sensitive to the risks associated with studying this vulnerable population.
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23

Ufoegbune, Veronica Ifechide. "A phenomenological study of the work-life balance of Nigerian women in leadership and their vision of Nigerian education." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10103898.

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This phenomenological study examines the work–life balance of Nigerian women leaders who are instrumental in visioning and shaping the future of Nigeria’s public education. The research delves into the past, present, and future of Nigerian public education based on the perception and life course of key Nigerian women educational leaders located in Nigeria and in the diaspora. Further, the study explores the work–life balance of these women leaders and their vision for public education in Nigeria. This study also explores the experiences; relational style, drive, and motivation, identity, and adaptive style that shape the life course and impact the decisions in these women’s life course. The study was prompted by the perceived change in the state of the Nigerian public educational system from pre-independence to post-independence. Public education is essential to offering hope and equity to all, including the poor. Education is a fundamental good rooted in the concept of human capital. Human capital is concerned with the human skills factor of production in the development process. The development process depends on quality education that determines one’s earnings in market economies.

The study goes into the archives of public education in Nigeria to examine the experiences, past and present, of the sample of Nigerian women leaders and their impact on—and vision for—the future of Nigerian education. The data examine how the Nigerian government embraced the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and how the women played the dual roles of leaders and managers of their households. To better understand the dual roles of women, it was essential to review the decentralization and privatization of education in Nigeria as it related to the politicization of education expenditures.

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24

Manavalan, Sangeetha. "The global problem of sex trafficking in women : a comparative legal analysis of international, European, and national responses." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2017. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/31854.

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There has been a flurry of legislative action at the international and regional levels to address the global problem of trafficking in persons, which victimises epidemic-proportions of individuals and generates one of the largest proceeds of organised crime. The harmonisation of national legal responses based on minimum standards around prevention, prosecution, and protection as espoused by those international and regional instruments is a prerequisite for effective and wide cooperation among countries of origin, transit, and destination. However, the reluctance of states to lift to the lofty heights of international consensus the contentious policy issues surrounding trafficking, including prostitution, has resulted in the adoption of rather ambiguous anti-trafficking norms and obligations, which allow states to individually determine what constitutes 'trafficking in persons' within their own jurisdictions. The subsequent divergence in national responses reveals that legal harmonisation has not taken place. The mechanisms of enforcement, which attach directly or indirectly to those international and regional instruments, therefore, have the formidable task of assisting states in the implementation of the substantive content of anti-trafficking norms and obligations through their monitoring and reporting mandates. However, their work remains a neglected area of academic research, compared to writings on the ambiguity of the international anti-trafficking framework. The challenge to international regulation of the trafficking problem, as identified in this thesis, relates on a fundamental level to the systemic limitations of the formal processes of law based on state consent and respect for the principles of sovereignty and territorial integrity. Through a comparative legal analysis of international and European legal responses to sex trafficking in women, this thesis illuminates the main systemic challenges to combating trafficking in Belgium, the Czech Republic, Finland, the Netherlands, Romania, and Sweden, and how the work of those enforcement mechanisms remedies some of those challenges.
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Fasakin, Gbola Jonathan. "Vesico-vaginal fistula and psycho-social well-being of Nigerian women." Thesis, Linköping University, Tema Health and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-11492.

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The problem of vesico-vagina fistula still remains a ravaging scourge in resource-poor countries of which Nigeria is visibly prominent. A majority of the cases are attributed to prolonged complicated labour due to inaccessibility of adequate and immediate obstetric health care. Complicated labour arises as a result of narrow pelvis bones of victims due to suffering from poor nutrition. While the above factors are noted as the direct cause to the prevalent of VVF, there are other socio-cultural conditions which predispose victims to this disease. Notable among them are the following: poverty; marital age; illiteracy; hazardous traditional practices, such as female circumcision. VVF victims often live an unworthy life. Many of them have been abandoned or divorced by their husbands and become ostracised by families and societies because of their repulsive smell and inability to engage in sexual activity and bear children. VVF victims suffer both physical and social consequences, many of them find it difficult to engage in any economic activity, surviving the hardship is very complicated and pathetic; some victims turn to street begging, while others survive through hawking of “bagged” water and selling firewood.

Most studies conducted on the problem of Vesico vaginal fistula are done from the medical perspectives, often neglecting the psycho-social consequences faced by the sufferers. This study, however, discusses the socio-cultural and the psychological consequences of the disease. Locally and internationally, attempts are being made to eradicate the problem of VVF, however, if the Nigerian government does not recognise the incidence of VVF as a major public health issue, it will continue to ravage lives of Nigerian women, hence increasing maternal mortality in the country. This study proffers recommendations to help eradicate or alleviate the problem in Nigeria.

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26

Alabede, Yetunde S. "Higher Education and Identity Development of Nigerian Women - A Qualitative Study." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1621887436247166.

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27

Potokri, Onoriode Collins. "The academic performance of married women students in Nigerian higher education." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24364.

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My aim in this study was to understand and explain the academic performance of married women students in higher education. The study was conducted on married women students who are studying at higher institutions in Nigeria. A mixed research method was used. The study population was drawn from two higher education institutions – a university and a college of education. Focus group conversations and interview protocol were used to gather qualitative data, while a questionnaire and the academic results of participants were used to gather quantitative data. Data were analysed using constant comparative approach – the reported stories that emanated from the conversations with the research participants; the deduced meanings from the interview protocol; and the statistical testing of the generated hypothesis via t-test statistics and Pearson product moment correlation. The findings include the readiness of women students to narrate their experiences, and the hindrances cultural practices impose on their academic performance, amongst other things. This study uniquely reveals that the academic performance of women students in higher education in Nigeria differs between married women students and single women students. However, some women students in this study were satisfied with their academic performance while others were not. They blamed their academic performance on several factors including cultural practices, marital status, financial constraint and so forth. Apart from women students in higher education who were not satisfied with their academic performance, all women students who formed the sample, including those who considered their academic performance to be satisfactory, complained about cultural practices and their effect on academic performance. Despite their complaints, however, the majority of the women student participants in this study, both married and single, continue to support cultural practices. They said that cultural practices, including the ones that are considered harmful to higher education for women and their academic performance, should not be eradicated or changed, as they maintain that these practices make women truly responsible.
Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Education Management and Policy Studies
unrestricted
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28

Muoka, Osinachi. "The Leadership Experiences of Immigrant Nigerian Women in New York City." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2418.

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Nigerian women face numerous cultural difficulties in their quest to attain leadership positions in Nigeria, a developing country. They are often overlooked in favor of men due to politics, religious beliefs, education, and bias in gender roles. When Nigerian women emigrate to a new country, the challenges are even greater. Although several United States policies impact the ability of a female immigrant to attain a leadership position 'the Equal Pay Act, Affirmative Action, and the Equal Employment Opportunity Act' little research has examined the challenges that affect their quest to attain leadership positions in the United States. This study explored the experiences of immigrant Nigerian women currently in leadership positions in New York City. Data for this study included interviews with 12 Nigerian female immigrants who responded to flyers placed throughout New York City; participants were also recruited via snowball sampling. Interview data were inductively coded, and then subjected to a modified Van Kaam method of analysis that revealed emergent themes. Many of the respondents reported the needed to change career paths because organizations in New York City did not recognize the equivalent of their careers, work experience, and education from their home country. As a result of this research, new information will be available to policymakers, which may be used to revise existing policies that directly impact immigrant women's career goals. The results may also provide new and useful information to leaders of local organizations that help female immigrants gain meaningful employment.
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29

Beyene, Selam Gebretsion. "Investigation and prosecution of transnational women trafficking: the case of Ethiopia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_1868_1365755643.

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Human trafficking is a widespread and growing crime in the world. Trafficking by its nature involves movement from one place to another and in most cases, it comprises crossing international borders. Although the estimation of victims of trafficking stretches to 2 450 000, the number of prosecutions is less than 5 000. This indicates the challenges faced by many countries in the investigation and prosecution of trafficking cases. Transnational human trafficking is committed in different places, making investigation and prosecution very complex. This paper examines how investigation and prosecution can be carried out when the criminal acts are committed in different countries. It also examines how the issue of jurisdiction is entertained. Furthermore, it addresses who can be termed as &ldquo
traffickers&rdquo
in dealing with human trafficking issues. Ethiopia is facing a big problem in fighting human trafficking. Like most countries, the issue of human trafficking is closely related to women. Ethiopia uses the criminal justice system as a tool to eradicate women trafficking. The investigation and prosecution of trafficking cases face many problems which have a direct impact on the country‟s efforts to overcome human trafficking. Thus, this research will contribute significantly by highlighting deficits in the criminal justice system as it deals with the investigation and prosecution of women trafficking issues and by making recommendations with regards to them.

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30

Esan, Oluyinka Anuolu. "Receiving television messages : an ethnographic study of women in a Nigerian context." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360248.

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31

Akbas, Halil. "Application of Situational Crime Prevention to Female Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation in Turkey." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1258724618.

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32

Shapkina, Nadezda. "Operation Help counteracting sex trafficking of women from Russia and Ukraine /." unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07112008-111322/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. Wendy Simonds, committee chair; Denise Donnelly, Dawn Baunach, committee members. Electronic text (218 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 23, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 195-206).
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33

Barberan, Reinares Maria Laura. "Commodified Anatomies: Disposable Women in Postcolonial Narratives of Sexual Trafficking/Abduction." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2012. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/english_diss/84.

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This dissertation explores postcolonial fiction that reflects the structural situation of a genocidal number of third-world women who are being trafficked for sexual purposes from postcolonial countries into the global north—invariably, gender, class and race play a crucial role in their exploitation. Above all, these women share a systemic disposability and invisibility, as the business relies on the victim’s illegality and criminality to generate maximum revenues. My research suggests that the presence of these abject women is not only recognized by ideological and repressive state apparatuses on every side of the trafficking scheme (in the form of governments, military establishments, juridical systems, transnational corporations, etc.) but is also understood as necessary for the current neoliberal model to thrive undisturbed by ethical imperatives. Beginning with the turn of the twentieth century, then, I analyze sexual slavery transnationally by looking at James Joyce’s “Eveline,” Therese Park’s A Gift of the Emperor, Mahasweta Devi’s “Douloti the Bountiful,” Amma Darko’s Beyond the Horizon, Chris Abani’s Becoming Abigail, and Roberto Bolaño’s 2666, concentrating on the political, economic, and social discourses in which the narratives are immersed through the lens of Marxist, feminist, and postcolonial theory. By interrogating these postcolonial narratives, my project reexamines the sex slave-trafficker-consumer triad in order to determine the effect of each party’s presence or absence from the text and the implications in terms of the discourses their representations may tacitly legitimize. At the same time, this work investigates the type of postcolonial stories the West privileges and the reasons, and the subjective role postcolonial theory plays in overcoming subaltern women’s exploitation within the current neocolonial context. Overall, I interrogate the role postcolonial literature plays as a means of achieving (or not) social change, analyze the purpose of artists in representing exploitative situations, identify the type of engagement readers have with these characters, and seek to understand audiences’ response to such literature. I look at authors who have attempted to discover fruitful avenues of expression for third-world women, who, despite increasingly constituting the bulk of the work force worldwide, continue to be exploited and, in the case of sex trafficking, brutally violated.
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34

Turner, Jacqueline. "Diasporic connectivity and patriarchal formations in the sex trafficking of women." Thesis, London Metropolitan University, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603077.

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This thesis explores diasporic connectivities and formations of patriarchy in the cross-border sex trafficking of women in the United Kingdom. The function of heteronormativity in the trafficking process is also a key concern. This is a multi-methods study, drawing on interviews with experts in the field of trafficking, and on data extracted from completed Crown Prosecution Service trafficking case files. Interviews with national and international experts were undertaken to explore the extent of the knowledge base on crime groups engaged in the sex trafficking of women into and within the UK by reference to their structure, composition, modus operandi, and to the role of diasporas in the trafficking process. Additionally, through data extracted from Crown Prosecution Service trafficking files, defendants are profiled and groups are allocated to models in a typology hypothesizing four possible intersections between traffickers and their respective diasporas in the UK. The role of diasporas and the function of heteronormativity are similarly explored through the data during each phase of recruitment, movement and exploitation, and with particular focus on women as traffickers. The thesis shows the methods of recruitment employed in source countries to ensure the supply of women, and the forms of control exercised by traffickers in the UK. In examining the business of exploitation, it further shows how the commodification of women is central to the hegemonic masculinity project.
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35

Thompson, Toni. "Community Living Integration Club for Women in Recovery from Sex Trafficking." NSUWorks, 2017. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/hpd_ot_student_dissertations/47.

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Sex trafficking is one form of human trafficking, a heinous human rights violation that transcends international borders. People who have been trafficked often present with complex neurobehavioral, psychological, emotional, physiological, sensory, and developmental difficulties. The United Nations developed the international 3 p protocol to guide governmental agencies, non-governmental groups, and individuals in developing programs and legal actions of trafficking prevention, protection, and prosecution. Protection encompasses the recovery of trafficking survivors and community integration has been identified as an essential foundation for successful recovery. Measurable components of community integration include safe housing, stable employment, and vocation-focused education. This Capstone describes the organization, implementation, and results of a six-week community integration group experience for five women in a sex trafficking residential recovery program. Key words: Human trafficking, sex trafficking, recovery, trauma, posttraumatic stress disorder, occupational therapy, childhood sex abuse, protection, protection, prosecution, 3P Paradigm,
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36

Samnang, Eng Nartruedee Denndoung. "Patriarchal capitalism and the experience of Cambodian women become victims of sexual trafficking /." Abstract, 2008. http://mulinet3.li.mahidol.ac.th/thesis/2551/cd415/4938050.pdf.

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37

White, Robyn L. "Invisible Women: Examining the Political, Economic, Cultural, and Social Factors that lead to Human Trafficking and Sex Slavery of Young Girls and Women." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2013. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/1708.

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This thesis employs the most recent and best available data on human trafficking, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime’s Trafficking in Persons Global Report 2006, as well as nine independent variables to determine what their effects are on countries’ volumes of human trafficking outflows. By completing a cross-sectional analysis via an OLS regression, I found statistically significant support for three factors that I hypothesize lead to greater outflows of human trafficking. My findings suggest that countries that are less corrupt, have more seats in parliament held by women, and score higher on Cho, Dreher, and Neumayer’s Anti-Trafficking Policy Index are less likely to experience high outflows of human trafficking. Additionally, while they narrowly avoid statistical significance, this study also suggests that states that have a legal stance on prostitution and have fewer women employed in the non-agricultural sector experience less human trafficking outflows.
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38

Kimura, Kenji. "Human trafficking in Indonesia rethinking the New Order's impact on exploitative migration of Indonesian women /." Ohio : Ohio University, 2006. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1149094155.

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39

Nnazor, Agatha Ifeyinwa. "Structural Adjustment Programmes and the informal sector, the Nigerian case of Jos women." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ48685.pdf.

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40

Doezema, Jo. "Sex slaves and discourse masters : the historical construction of 'trafficking in women'." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.409963.

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41

Lund, Karin. "Runaway Beauties : Coping Strategies among Returning Filipino Women who Experienced Labour Trafficking." Thesis, Ersta Sköndal högskola, Institutionen för socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:esh:diva-2893.

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The aim of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of how Filipino female returnees cope with the experience of labour trafficking when reintegrated into their home communities, and how this coping relate to existing research on comparable returnee experiences. The empirical material consists of qualitative interviews with five returnees, conducted during an eight-week stay in the Philippines. The study identifies coping strategies adapted upon return, and analyzes them in the light of the local context and previous studies in the field. The results of the study indicate that, according to the women’s descriptions, strategies related to the escape/avoidance coping type are adapted to a higher extent than other types of coping strategies. These strategies seem to be highly related to the experience or fear of becoming victims of gossiping neighbours and/or patronizing family members. Distancing through humour was also appearing to a great extent in all the interviews, as well as seeking social support. It was found that the strategies expressed by the women were mostly emotion-focused or dysfunctional as opposed to problem-focused, but in many cases active as opposed to passive. The most common social support resources appearing in the interviews were the family, the church, and the supporting organization. The experiences of the respondents have a lot in common with the experiences brought forward in other studies in the same field, though it is important to be aware of the different social and cultural settings in which most of the existing research has been implemented. With this study, the author hopes to contribute to a better understanding of what kind of support Filipino female labour trafficking returnees are in need of, and how to further develop the support system for them and similar groups.
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42

Gaspari, Laura <1992&gt. "The fight against women sex trafficking In International, European and Italian Law." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10506.

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Human trafficking is the second most profitable illicit activity after trafficking in firearms and drugs, especially of women for sexual exploitation. In the last few decades, the issue of human trafficking has gained increasingly importance at a global level and many steps have been made to fight it. Starting from the UN Trafficking Protocol supplementing the Transnational Crime Convention of 2000, the need for a comprehensive approach that look at trafficked people as victims, involving new international and local actors along with States and law enforcement agents, has been required. Not only should States act through the prosecution and repression of offenders but also, they should commit themselves to effective protection and assistance measures for victims. In fact, human trafficking is a clear violation of human rights, dignity, and a real gender issue in the whole process of recruitment, transportation, and exploitation, especially for women and minors. The present work focuses on the systems of protection and assistance for sex trafficking victims provided by the International, European, and Italian law, with the aim of comparing them, emphasizing their development and effectiveness. It aims at understanding if the victims are at the centre of anti-trafficking policies nowadays or if the repressive approach to prosecute offenders is still the priority. To examine the analysis provided, a case study of the situation of Verona, in the North-East of Italy will be used.
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43

Adedokun, Dorcas Iyabode. "Biblical rationale for women's involvement in ministry from a study of Luke-Acts with implications for the Nigerian evangelical church." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.

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44

Askola, Heli. "Legal responses to trafficking in women for sexual exploitation in the European Union /." Oxford [u.a.] : Hart, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/519840240.pdf.

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45

Adewunmi, Oluwatoyin Mofoluwaso. "Acculturation Stress and the Coping Strategies of Nigerian Immigrant Women in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2015. http://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1664.

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Nigerian women who migrate to the United States are faced with complex social challenges as they acculturate to a new society. Stressful conditions and acculturation experiences may threaten the overall mental health of these immigrant women. The purpose of this study was to explore the acculturation experiences of Nigerian immigrant women living in the United States, identify stressors associated with the process, and highlight the coping strategies they employed. Stress and coping theory provided the theoretical framework for the study and phenomenological inquiry guided the research questions and method. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews. Content analysis and coding were utilized to find relevant themes. Participants described their immigration experiences as being difficult although they reported their lives are â??much better nowâ??. The women adopted a positive, hard working attitude; relied on their faith in God; and sought mentors and a supportive community. Most participants reported being unaware of the resources available to them and more than half reported not having access to any resources. Participants reported receiving support from their friends, family members, and communities of faith. Research on the acculturative experiences of these women would be useful in developing gender specific programs that would support the integration process and reduce mental health issues that may arise as a result of acculturation stressors. In an advocacy effort towards social change, results from this study may inform service providers of Nigerian immigrant women's unique cultural needs as they acculturate to living in the United States.
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46

Olorunfemi, Christianah Oluseyi. "Perspectives on HIV/AIDS: American-Based Nigerian Women Who Experienced Polygamy in Rural Nigeria." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1350.

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Traditionally, in Nigeria women play a subservient role in relation to men. While a man can practice polygamy by marrying many wives, women cannot marry more than one husband at a time. Although researchers have documented the effects of polygamy on the spread of HIV/AIDS, little is known about the experiences of polygamy by Nigerian women who stopped practicing polygamy by immigrating to the United States without their husbands. It is important to know the experiences of these women as they pertain specifically to the spread of HIV/AIDS so as to develop a preventive intervention for HIV/AIDS among Nigerian women in polygamy. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives on HIV/AIDS held by 10 Nigerian women who practiced polygamy in Nigeria before immigrating to the United States. Recruitment was done through purposive sampling at a faith-based organization. Guided by the health belief model, interview transcripts from the 10 women were analyzed to reveal recurrent themes that expressed the women's lived experiences in polygamy with their perspectives on HIV/AIDS. Findings revealed that these women had a basic knowledge of the risk of contracting HIV/AIDS by engaging in polygamy but needed to comply with the terms of sexual encounters as dictated by their husbands; therefore, they were at risk for HIV/AIDS. The results of this study can be used to increase awareness among Nigerian women in polygamy and Nigerian health policy makers regarding the transmission of HIV/AIDS and the preventive measures available for HIV/AIDS. Understanding the experiences of women in polygamy may lead to greater understanding of the impact of polygamy on HIV/AIDS and may help to decrease the prevalence of this disease.
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47

Utin, Enobong Clement. "Breast Cancer Screening Knowledge and Beliefs of Nigerian Women Living in the United States." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7515.

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Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally. Although mammogram has been identified as a significant breast screening tool in the United States, researchers have indicated that African-born women in the United States are diagnosed with advanced stages of breast cancer because of underutilization of mammogram from diverse reasons. The purpose of this quantitative study was to determine the association of demographic factors, breast cancer knowledge, health beliefs, and the utilization of mammogram among Nigerian women, 40 years and older in the United States (N=200). The study was guided by the health belief model and questionnaire was the data collection instrument used. Logistic regression analysis revealed that demographic variables, specifically age and length of residency in the United States have statistically significant effect on the odds of utilization of mammogram among the Nigerian women in the U.S. at p < 0.05. Also, according to the study results, breast cancer knowledge has a statistically significant effect on the utilization of mammogram at p <0.05. Additionally, health beliefs regarding breast cancer have significant effect on utilization of mammogram among Nigerian women 40 years and older in the U.S at p <0.05. The study findings will help in developing breast health programs for immigrant women, especially Nigerians in the U.S. to make informed decisions about timely utilization of mammographic services. Furthermore, the outcome of this study could enhance research, enlighten the health providers, and policymakers to develop culture sensitive preventive breast health programs that are appropriate to diverse women populations in the United States.
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48

Karsten, Laurie. "Trauma and Transformation: a center for trafficked women in India." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337101748.

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49

An, Sharon Heera. "Healing and Reintegrating in the City: Urban Infill as a Sanctuary for Jane Doe." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/99207.

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The sex trafficking industry is not only a social justice issue, but also an architectural issue. In the same urban fabric where people live, work, and socialize, victims of commercial sex trafficking live in the shadows, work in obscure environments, and isolate themselves from others. National and local resources in mental care, job training, and legal support fail to provide a holistic place of refuge for these displaced individuals. Current shelters that specifically serve sexually exploited victims also face limitations in their presence in urban neighborhoods, long-term availability, and types of living arrangements. With a specific socioeconomic climate and disparity in San Francisco, Bayview presents itself as an opportune place to provide refuge for both survivors of sexual exploitation and the low-income community. Even as a distressed neighborhood, its ethnic diversity and existing infrastructure would create a foundation for survivors to heal and reintegrate into a resilient community. At an urban scale, ecological infrastructures provide environmental revitalization from rising sea levels and economic restoration of industries significant to the neighborhood's historical identity. The architectural intervention focuses specifically on female survivors of sexual exploitation, ranging from youth to mothers with children, and how they would heal together and reintegrate into the community. Hand stitching is an integral part of this project's design process. It is a drawing medium that reflects the physical engagement through a meditative activity. It is also a visual language used to formulate spatial sequences, patterns, and movement. The mixed-use urban infill weaves in sanctuaries to heal as an individual, as a camaraderie, and along with the greater community. Residents dwell in the permanently supported community housing, where they mend bodies, hearts, and relationships in the home. Other survivors are welcomed into the drop-in facility, which provides initial resources like hygienic care and counseling. Retail spaces along the main corridor are programmed to create a synergetic seam between residents and their opportunities to participate in the neighborhood. Interior and exterior thresholds throughout the building interlace the duality of veiled and transparent spaces. This cohesive spatial journey would bind wounds, foster resiliency into the urban ecosystem, and ultimately be reconciled to a dignified home, workplace, to social environment.
Master of Architecture
Sex trafficking is a form of modern slavery. This inhumane industry is exacerbated in cities as more people move into the urban environment. In the same cities people live, work, and socialize, victims of commercial sex trafficking live in the shadows, work in obscure environments, and isolate themselves from others. Many sexually exploited victims receive limited care to recover from their physical, mental, and emotional wounds. Unfortunately, they are often grouped together with other displaced groups. This thesis calls out a specific group in need of healing, female survivors of sex trafficking, and considers a specific place where she can restore her sense of home, workplace, and community. The female survivor is given the name Jane Doe, and her unique narrative drives the types of spaces she needs to feel safe, loved, and cared for. The design proposal is sited in Bayview, an industrial urban neighborhood in southeastern San Francisco. The neighborhood at large is first reimagined to set a foundation for welcoming Jane Doe. Then, the proposed building integrates three types of spaces: a community housing, a drop-in center, and retail spaces with workshops. It is nestled amongst warehouses, houses, and other local shops. This thesis ultimately expresses the possibility architecture has in doing more than providing an inhabitable space. The architecture for Jane Doe is a sanctuary that plays a definitive role in healing her body, heart, and mind, as her sense of belonging is restored.
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50

Karakus, Onder. "A quantitative analysis of the growing business of organized crime structural predictors of cross-national distribution of human trafficking markets and trafficking in women in Turkey /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.

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