Journal articles: 'Nigga'

1

Young, Vershawn Ashanti. "Your Average Nigga." College Composition and Communication 55, no. 4 (June 2004): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4140667.

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Smith, Hiram L. "Has nigga Been Reappropriated as a Term of Endearment?" American Speech 94, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 420–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-7706537.

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It is commonly believed that nigga has been reappropriated as a term of endearment. Perhaps this perception persists incorrectly because public conversations on this word are often dominated by nonlinguists. In contrast, linguists lack comparative studies of nigga’s historical and modern-day use. Addressing this misperception requires a multilayered approach, employed here. This study begins with a qualitative inquiry into the historical, linguistic, and social factors that have fueled the current perception of the nigger/nigga two-word dichotomy and of how nigga was used by blacks in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The second part is a quantitative study that examines the current apportionment of nigga by speaker race and gender, and linguistic context, as observed in computer-mediated conversations. Multivariate analysis reveals differences among black and white speakers, males and females, and in various linguistic contexts. Comparative analysis uncovers that many of nigga’s current meanings, referents, and uses have existed since at least the nineteenth century and that any changes to the meanings occurred gradually and not through abrupt reanalysis. This fnding lends no support to the reappropriation hypothesis. And crucially, the data show that the epitomized example of reappropriation, my nigga, does not function primarily as a genuine term of endearment but as a masculinizing marker of social identity.

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Jones, Taylor, and Christopher Hall. "Grammatical Reanalysis and the Multiple N-Words in African American English." American Speech 94, no. 4 (November 1, 2019): 478–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00031283-7611213.

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African American Vernacular English (AAVE) is developing a class of previously undescribed function words, facilitated by the semantic generalization of the word nigga. The authors demonstrate that nigga is unspecified for race, gender, or humanness. They argue that there are multiple n-words, fulfilling different grammatical and social functions. Using a variety of sources, they show that there are new pronouns in AAVE based on nigga—moreover, they pattern with pronouns, not imposters, with respect to binding, agreement, and theta-role assignment. Vocatives and honorics are also explored. The article concludes with a discussion of the origin of these forms and their relevance both to linguistic controversy and to societal controversy around the taboo word and the stigmatized dialect.

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O’Dea, Conor J., and Donald A. Saucier. "Perceptions of Racial Slurs Used by Black Individuals Toward White Individuals: Derogation or Affiliation?" Journal of Language and Social Psychology 39, no. 5-6 (February 11, 2020): 678–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261927x20904983.

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Research suggests that racial slurs may be “reclaimed” by the targeted group to convey affiliation rather than derogation. Although it is most common in intragroup uses (e.g., “nigga” by a Black individual toward another Black individual), intergroup examples of slur reappropriation (e.g., “nigga” by a Black individual toward a White individual) are also common. However, majority and minority group members’ perceptions of intergroup slur reappropriation remain untested. We examined White (Study 1) and Black (Study 2) individuals’ perceptions of the reappropriated terms, “nigga” and “nigger” compared with a control term chosen to be a non-race-related, neutral term (“buddy”), a nonracial derogative term (“asshole”) and a White racial slur (“cracker”) used by a Black individual toward a White individual. We found that the intergroup use of reappropriated slurs was perceived quite positively by both White and Black individuals. Our findings have important implications for research on intergroup relations and the reappropriation of slurs.

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5

Judy, R. A. T. "On the Question of Nigga Authenticity." boundary 2 21, no. 3 (1994): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/303605.

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NEAL, MARK ANTHONY. "NIGGA: The 21st-Century Theoretical Superhero." Cultural Anthropology 28, no. 3 (July 26, 2013): 556–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cuan.12025.

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7

Nelson, Rob. "The Word "Nigga" is Only for Slaves and Sambos." Journal of Blacks in Higher Education, no. 21 (1998): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2999021.

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8

Hodge, Kristen. "Your Average Nigga: Performing Race Literacy and Masculinityby Vershawn Ashanti Young." Souls 10, no. 3 (September 12, 2008): 304–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10999940802347822.

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9

Nguyen, Kim Hong. "Hearing What We See: Censoring “Nigga,” Vernaculars, and African American Agentic Subjects." Howard Journal of Communications 24, no. 3 (July 2013): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10646175.2013.805988.

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10

Lee Jaeseong. "A Study on the Meaning and Mood Constraints of the Conjunctive Ending ‘-nigga’." Grammar Education 34, no. ll (December 2018): 223–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21850/kge.2018.34..223.

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De Malsche. "A Mixed-Method Study of Flemish Millennials’ Use of and Attitudes Towards Nigga." DiGeSt. Journal of Diversity and Gender Studies 6, no. 1 (2019): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11116/digest.6.1.4.

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12

McCune, Jeffrey Q. "“Every Nigga Is a Star”: A Critical Reflection on the Fifth Anniversary of Moonlight." QED: A Journal in GLBTQ Worldmaking 9, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14321/qed.9.issue-1.0001.

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Andrews, Kehinde. "From the ‘Bad Nigger’ to the ‘Good Nigga’: an unintended legacy of the Black Power movement." Race & Class 55, no. 3 (October 24, 2013): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306396813508268.

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14

Rhizky, Deani Prionazvi. "Wacana Rasisme dalam Film "Blindspotting”." Calathu: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 2, no. 2 (November 18, 2020): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.37715/calathu.v2i2.1567.

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Masih sering kita melihat diskriminasi warna kulit yang terjadi di beberapa belahan bumi. Sejarah mencatat banyak kasus pelanggaran hak asasi manusia yang berkaitan dengan perbedaan warna kulit. Paham rasisme di berbagai belahan dunia seringkali dikaitkan dengan penindasan dan kekuasaan. Hal ini sering kita jumpai di film-film yang menayangkan realitas perilaku rasisme yang terjadi di lingkungan masyarakat. Film menjadi sebuah media untuk menyuarakan informasi yang mungkin tidak dapat langsung dikatakan karena dianggap sensitif, salah satunya adalah wacana rasisme. Film Blindspotting mengangkat tentang realitas yangterjadi di Oakland, California. Film ini menceritakan tentang bagaimana perilaku rasisme seperti diskriminasi dan stereotip yang diterima oleh masyarakat kulit hitam yang ada di kota tersebut. Penelitian ini bersifat kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough untuk mengungkap wacana rasisme yang sering terjadi di kehidupan nyata. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan mencari dimensi teks, nilai relasional, dan nilai ekspresif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui wacana rasisme yang ada dalam film Blindspotting serta memberikan gambaran bagaimana analisis dari teori Norman Fairclough. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalu dimensi teks muncul kata-kata rasisme seperti negro, nigga, dan monster. Nilai relasional yaitu kelompok hitam sering dicurigai sebagai masyarakat yang membahayakan. Pembuat film ini merepresentasikan nilai ekspresif, yaitu sikap rasisme antara lain prasangka, stereotip, diskriminasi, dan antisemitisme. Kata kunci: wacana kritis, rasisme, film, diskriminasi

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15

Hsu, L. S. "Ni3Al, Ni3Ga, Ni3In, and NiGa by XPS." Surface Science Spectra 7, no. 2 (April 2000): 122–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.1287820.

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Gillespie, Michael Boyce. "Death Grips." Film Quarterly 71, no. 2 (2017): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2017.71.2.53.

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Black death in contemporary cinema requires understanding how film blackness always means provoking new entangled measures of the aesthetic, political, social, and cultural capacities of black visual and expressive culture. As a result, the critical consequence of film blackness always entails issues of affect, narrativity, visual historiography, and genre/modalities. Black death, then, signifies both the violent injustice of African American deaths and the rendering of death in cinema. Three short films by black women filmmakers represent an ever-growing archive of recent works that merit critical attention as they advance cinematic practices that point to new political philosophies and circuits of knowledge related to black death and film form. Taken together as a “cinema in the wake,” the three—Leila Weefur's Dead Nigga BLVD (2015), Frances Bodomo's Everybody Dies! (2016), and A. Sayeeda Clarke's White (2011)—pose a range of formal propositions about black death that include animation, the racial grotesque, and speculative fiction. With distinct and compelling conceptions of black death, these three short films are deeply located in their contemporary American moment. Thinking with these films involves thinking through performing objects, the racial grotesque, and the futurity of social deletion. Together these films exquisitely suspend, disrupt, and disturb constituting distinct visual historiographies and strategies. As cinema in the wake, these films are stirred by incitements of film form, materiality, temporality, and conceptions of black being. But, more importantly, to think through black death across the formal experimentation and critical capacities of this work is to contend with an enduring urgency, the precarity of black life.

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Cutler, Cecelia A. "The co-construction of whiteness in an MC battle." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2007): 9–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.17.1.01cut.

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Within hip-hop, MC (Master of Cermonies) battles are one of the most visible and potentially humiliating venues for demonstrating one’s verbal skill. Competitors face each other in front of an audience. Each has a minute to “diss” his or her opponent against a backdrop of rhythms produced by a DJ. Each participant’s performance generally consists of “freestyle” or spontaneously generated rhymes designed to belittle some aspect of the opponent’s appearance, rhyming style or place of origin, and ritual insults directed at his or her mother, sister, or crew. Opponents show good will by embracing afterwards. Ultimately the audience decides who wins by applauding louder for one opponent than the other at the end of the battle. Using the framework of interactional sociolinguistics (Goffman 1974, 1981), I will analyze clips from a televised MC battle in which the winning contestant was a White teenager from the Midwest called “Eyedea.” I will show how Eyedea and his successive African American opponents, “R.K.” and “Shells”, participate in the co-construction of his Whiteness. Eyedea marks himself linguistically as White by overemphasizing his pronunciation of /r/ and by carefully avoiding Black ingroup forms of address like “nigga” (c.f. Smitherman 1994). R.K. and Shells construct Eyedea’s Whiteness largely in discursive ways – by pointing out his resemblance to White actors, and alluding to television shows with White cultural references. Socially constructed racial boundaries must be acknowledged in these types of performances because Whiteness (despite the visibility of White rappers like Eminem) is still marked against the backdrop of normative Blackness in hip-hop (Boyd 2002). In a counter-hegemonic reversal of Du Boisian double-consciousness hip-hop obliges White participants to see themselves through the eyes of Black people. Hip-hop effectively subverts dominant discourses of race and language requiring MC battle participants to acknowledge and ratify this covert hierarchy.

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18

Hsu, Li-Shing, K. L. Tsang, and S. C. Chung. "Resonant photoemission and photoabsorption at the Ni L2,3 edges of NiGa and Ni3Ga." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 177-181 (January 1998): 1031–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-8853(97)00908-6.

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Hsu, Li-Shing, Y. K. Wang, and G. Y. Guo. "Experimental and theoretical study of the electronic structures of Ni3Al, Ni3Ga, Ni3In, and NiGa." Journal of Applied Physics 92, no. 3 (August 2002): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1491018.

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Hsu, L. S., and A. I. Nesvizhskii. "Experimental and theoretical study of the electronic structures of Ni3Al, Ni3Ga, Ni3In, and NiGa." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 62, no. 6 (June 2001): 1103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3697(00)00289-4.

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21

Benetka, V., K. Vacková, I. Bartáková, M. Ppospíšková, and M. Rasl. "Introgression in black poplar (Populus nigra L. ssp. nigra) and its transmission." Journal of Forest Science 48, No. 3 (May 17, 2019): 115–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/11863-jfs.

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: Introgression was studied in the offspring of P. nigra and P. × canadensis female trees using 3 enzymatic patterns (6-PGD, LAP and GPI). Our investigations were aimed at the offspring from open pollination and controlled pollination by the pollen mixture from 3 clones of P. nigra and 3 clones of P. × canadensis. The rate of introgression in P. nigra offspring from open pollination was 0.67%. Introgression in 3 offsprings of P. nigra from controlled pollination was 7.14%. In P. × canadensis the heterozygous: homozygous phenotype ratio in 2 offsprings from open pollination was 1:1; it documents prevailing fertilization by P. nigra pollen. After fertilization by the pollen mixture this segregation ratio was 1:1 (6-PGD; GPI) or 3:1 (LAP). The offspring of P. × canadensis maternal components are assumed to have a major share in introgression.

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22

Hsu, L. S., G. H. Gweon, and J. W. Allen. "Electronic-structure study of Ni3Al, Ni3Ga, Ni3In, and NiGa using X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and Bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopy." Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 60, no. 10 (October 1999): 1627–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3697(99)00196-1.

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23

Aprita, Serlika. "KEWENANGAN PENGADILAN NIAGA DALAM MEMERIKSA DAN MEMUTUS PERKARA PERMOHONAN PERNYATAN PAILIT." Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan 14, no. 1 (May 28, 2019): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.33059/jhsk.v14i1.1178.

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Salah satu persoalan yang sangat mendesak dan memerlukan pemecahan saat ini setelah penyempurnaan aturan kepailitan adalah pembentukan Pengadilan Niaga sebagai pengadilan khusus dalam lingkungan Peradilan Umum. Pengadilan Niaga yang pertama dibentuk adalah Pengadilan Niaga Jakarta Pusat, selanjutnya berdasarkan Keputusan Presiden (Keppres) Nomor 97 Tahun 1999 Tentang Pembentukkan Pengadilan Niaga pada Pengadilan Negeri didirikan Pengadilan Niaga di Makassar, Surabaya, Medan, dan Semarang. Dualisme kewenangan mengadili antara Pengadilan Niaga dengan Pengadilan Negeri mengakibatkan timbulnya permasalahan mengenai yurisdiksi mengadili suatu perkara. Permasalahan kekuasaan atau yurisdiksi mengadili timbul disebapkan berbagai faktor satu diantaranya faktor instansi peradilan yang membedakan eksistensi antara peradilan banding dan peradilan kasasi sebagai peradilan yang lebih tinggi (superior court) berhadapan dengan peradilan tingkat pertama (inferior court). Jenis penelitian dalam penulisan jurnal ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Dalam rangka pengembangan kompetensi atau wewenang Pengadilan Niaga di era globalisasi, maka diperlukan konsep yang matang untuk mempersiapkan perluasan kompetensi absolut dari Pengadilan Niaga agar Pengadilan Niaga dapat dipercaya dan kredibel di mata pencari keadilan, selain itu pula diperlukam pengakuan atas keberadaan dan eksistensi Pengadilan Niaga dalam hubungannya dengan wewenang yang dimiliki Pengadilan Niaga dalam memeriksa dan memutus permohonan pernyataan pailit melalui adanya pengaturan mengenai kekhususan hukum acara Pengadilan Niaga, dikarenakan hukum acara yang selama ini digunakan dalam pemeriksaan perkara kepailitan di Pengadilan Niaga masih menggunakan ketentuan Herziene Indonesisch Reglement atau Rechreglement Buitengewesten (HIR/R.BG). Untuk memberikan perlindungan hukum yang memadai kepada pihak ketiga (penggugat), yang perkara perdatanya dimenangkan di Pengadilan Negeri perlu dibuat mekanisme hukum acara tentang penghentian eksekusi putusan Pengadilan Negeri sehubungan dengan adanya putusan Pengadilan Niaga yang menyatakan debitor pailit

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24

Finney, Nikky. "Linea Nigra." Sewanee Review 129, no. 1 (2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.2021.0010.

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25

OYAMA, KATSURO. "Tinea nigra." Nishi Nihon Hifuka 48, no. 6 (1986): 1041–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2336/nishinihonhifu.48.1041.

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26

Lee, Jason B., and Ziv Schwartz. "Tinea Nigra." New England Journal of Medicine 387, no. 16 (October 20, 2022): 1501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmicm2204411.

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27

Wala, Elzbieta P., Jewell W. Sloan, and Xin Jing. "Substantia Nigra." Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior 64, no. 3 (November 1999): 611–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0091-3057(99)00125-2.

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Finney, Nikky. "Linea Nigra." Sewanee Review 129, no. 1 (2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sew.2021.0010.

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29

Kocková-Kratochvílová, Anna, M. Šimordová, and S. Šternberský. "Moniliella suaveolens var. nigra. Moniliella suaveolens var. nigra." Mycoses 30, no. 11 (April 24, 2009): 544–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0507.1987.tb04374.x.

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30

Benetka, V., I. Šálková, and F. Vrátný. "Selection of clones of Populus nigra L. ssp. nigra for resistance to Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. Rust." Journal of Forest Science 51, No. 4 (January 10, 2012): 161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4555-jfs.

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A possibility of selection of clones of the species Populus nigra L. with higher resistance to the rust Melampsora larici-populina Kleb. was tested in a set of 29 clones of P. nigra originating from individuals selected in various localities of the CR. Clones were tested in three localities for four years. Rust infection was evaluated according to a five-point scale. The two most resistant (R1; R2) and two most sensitive (S1; S2) clones were tested in laboratory conditions. The results of this test confirmed to be consistent with those obtained under field conditions. Significant differences between the progenies of resistant (R1 × R2) and sensitive (S1 × S2) parents proved the genetic control of resistance. Intermediate inheritance of resistance was found in the progenies S1 × R2 and R1 × S2. Genetic effect of the paternal component was also expressed. A possibility of selection for resistance to M. larici-populina rust in P. nigra was proved.

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31

Sapilak, Bartosz J. "Sambucus nigra L. – review of scientific studies." Medycyna Faktów 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24292/01.mf.0119.3.

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Hasibuan, Fitri Elisabeth Br, Feky R. Mantiri, and Rooije R. H. Rumende. "KAJIAN VARIASI SEKUNES INTRASPESIES DAN FILOGENETIK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN GEN COI." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 17, no. 1 (May 3, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.17.1.2017.15558.

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KAJIAN VARIASI SEKUNES INTRASPESIES DAN FILOGENETIK MONYET HITAM SULAWESI (Macaca nigra) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN GEN COI ABSTRAKMacaca nigra merupakan salah satu spesies yang endemik dan terancam punah di Sulawesi Utara. Eksploitasi yang berlebihan serta alih fungsi hutan menjadi ancaman bagi spesies ini di alam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui variasi sekuens intraspesies M. nigra yang berada di Pusat Penyelamatan Satwa Tasikoki Bitung. Analisis sekuens menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan sepuluh pasang basa nukleotida pada urutan sekuens sampel dilokasi yang berbeda. Jarak genetik antara kedua sampel yaitu 0.016. Hasil perhitungan jarak genetik menunjukkan variasi genetik masih berada dalam kisaran variasi intraspesies dengan ambang batas untuk variasi intraspesies yaitu 0.015-0.025. Selain itu, variasi juga ditunjukkan pada sampel dengan kerabat dekatnya yang terdata di GenBank disebabkan karena adanya mutasi sinonim dan mutasi nonsinonim. Analisis filogenetik berdasarkan gen COI (Cytochrome Oxidase-I) menunjukkan bahwa sampel M. nigra yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berada satu klaster dengan M. nigra yang ada di database dan termasuk ke dalam kelompok Silenus.Kata kunci: Variasi sekuens intraspesies, Gen COI, Macaca nigra, analisis filogenetik. THE STUDY INTRASPECIFIC VARIATION SEQUENCES AND PHYLOGENETIC CELEBES BLACK MACAQUE (Macaca nigra) USING COI GENE ABSTRACTMacaca nigra is listed as one of the endemic species and endangered in North Sulawesi. Exploitation and forest conversion have become threats to this species in the wild. This study was conducted to determine the intraspecific sequence variation of M. nigra located in Tasikoki Wildlife Rescue Center, Bitung. Sequence analysis revealed ten nucleotides differences between these two specimens. Genetic distance for both of specimens is 0.016. The result of genetic distance, the genetic variation between the specimens of M. nigra was still within the range of intraspecific variation. Distance analysis was also conducted by comparing with the close relatives of M. nigra based on BLAST search, which showed range from 0.015-0.025. These differences resulted in both synonymous and nonsynonymous mutation. Phylogenetic analysis using DNA sequences of COI (Cytochrome Oxidase-I) gene revealed that the two specimens of M. nigra claster together with M. nigra sequences that have been deposited in GeneBank. Moreover M. nigra is claster in the silenus group which is in accordance with previous reports.Keywords: Intraspecific Sequence Variation, COI Gene, Macaca nigra, Phylogenetic analysis.

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Blonskaya, L. N., and S. I. Muftakhova. "PHENOLOGY OF BASHKIR LOMBARDY POPLAR NAMED AFTER BEREZIN – LEVASHOV (POPULUS NIGRA L. × P. F. NIGRA ITALICA DUROI) ON THE TERRITORY OF UFA." VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY 43, no. 3 (September 18, 2017): 93–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/1684-7628-2017-43-3-93-97.

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Blonskaya, L. N., S. I. Muftakhova, S. I. Konashovа, and L. M. Ishbirdina. "DENDROCHRONOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE OF THE BASHKIR PYRAMIDAL POPLAR (P. NIGRA L. × P. F. NIGRA ITALICA DUROI) IN URBAN LANDSCAPE." VESTNIK OF THE BASHKIR STATE AGRARIAN UNIVERSITY 50, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 6–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.31563/1684-7628-2019-50-2-6-15.

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Блонская, Любовь, L. Blonskaya, Светлана Муфтахова, and Svetlana Muftahova. "DYNAMICS OF ANNUAL GROWTH OF LATERAL SHOOTS OF BASHKIR LOMBARDY POPLAR TREES BY BEREZIN-LEVASHOV (POPULUS NIGRA L × P. NIGRA F. ITALICA DUROI)." Forestry Engineering Journal 8, no. 3 (September 10, 2018): 30–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5b97a1671ea028.00982878.

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Fathoni, Kholid, Yuliana Setiowati, and Hilman Abu Dzarrin. "APLIKASI PROMOSI BANK CIMB NIAGA MENGGUNAKAN MOBILE AUGMENTED REALITY." Technologia: Jurnal Ilmiah 11, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/tji.v11i1.2690.

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PT Bank CIMB Niaga,Tbk. merupakan salah satu industri perbankan swasta di Indonesia yang menerapkan pentingnya memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi setiap nasabahnya dan selalu berusaha memahami kebutuhan dan keinginan nasabahnya. Namun seiring bertambah banyaknya nasabah yang tertarik dengan produk-produk Bank CIMB Niaga, perusahaan ini sering menghadapi permasalahan berupa menumpuknya antrian nasabah yang akan menuju Customer Service (CS). Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan suatu aplikasi yang memudahkan pekerjaan CS yaitu media promosi Bank Niaga berbasis mobile augmented reality. Dengan aplikasi ini nasabah nasabah bisa mendapatkan informasi produk Bank CIMB Niaga melalui smartphone Android. Aplikasi ini menggunakan logo Bank Niaga sebagai marker. Setelah marker terdeteksi, aplikasi menyediakan 4 pilihan menu kepada pengguna yaitu : profil Bank CIMB Niaga, berita terkini, produk Bank CIMB Niaga, serta galeri. Hasil ujicoba menunjukkan bahwa semua fitur aplikasi ini berjalan dengan baik. Serta hasil pengujian kepada pengguna memberikan respon bahwa aplikasi ini sangat membantu bagi CS, bermanfaat, mudah digunakan serta memiliki tampilan yang menarik. Kata Kunci: media, promosi, PT Bank Niaga, Augmented Reality, Mobile

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Fkiri, Sondes, Faten Mezni, Ghayth Rigane, Ridha Ben Salem, Hanene Ghazghazi, M. Larbi Khouja, Zouheir Nasr, and Abdelhamid Khaldi. "Chemotaxonomic Study of Four Subspecies of Pinus nigra Arn. Grown in Common Garden Based on Essential Oil Composition." Journal of Food Quality 2021 (July 7, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5533531.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical diversity of Pinus nigra Arn. essential oils. The research was carried out on the needles collected from eighteen provenances of black pine grown in common garden located in West-Northern Tunisia and belonging to four different subspecies (Pinus nigra subsp. nigra, Pinus nigra subsp. salzmannii, Pinus nigra subsp. pallasiana, and Pinus nigra subsp. laricio). Essential oil yields ranged from 0.19% to 0.68%. The obtained essential oils have been analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS apparatus. Twenty-three constituents accounting about 98% of total essential oil composition were identified. The essential oil compositions appeared to be very different according to their origin. Thus, five main essential oil chemotypes were identified in Pinus nigra plants: caryophyllene oxide, camphene, ß-caryophyllene, α-amorphene, and germacrene D. The chemotaxonomic value of the essential oil compositions was discussed in relation to the results of the multivariate statistical test, including a detailed survey of the available literature data.

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Al Rasyid Shodiq, Ariska Rosadi, Wahyu Budi Priatna, and Nunung Kusnadi. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMENGARUHI TINGKAT PEMANFAATAN E-MARKETING TANI NIAGA OLEH PETANI KABUPATEN GROBOGAN." Forum Agribisnis 9, no. 2 (October 13, 2019): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/fagb.9.2.107-122.

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Most e-marketing is widely used for business activities by companies in marketing non-agribusiness products. This happens because agribusiness products have different characteristics from non-agribusiness products, that is perishable, voluminous, and bulky. Although in its development, agribusiness products can also be marketed through e-marketing. Tani Niaga is one of the e-marketing in the agribusiness sector, which managed by the Agriculture Service of Grobogan Regency (Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Grobogan). The purpose of research are to identify factors that influence farmer to use Tani Niaga. The data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) to identify factors that influenced farmer to use Tani Niaga. The results of research showed that the individual characteristics of farmers and the characteristics of the Tani Niaga had significant effect on using Tani Niaga. The formal education was a dominant factor in individual characteristics of food farmers whose a significant effect on the level of using of the Tani Niaga, but a dominant factor in the horticulture farmers group was the courage to take risks. Moreover, the suitability of need was a dominant factor for the characteristic of Tani Niaga whose a significant effect on the level of using the Tani Niaga in the group of food farmers, but ease-of-use the Tani Niaga was a dominant factor for the group of horticultural farmers.

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Nasution, Yusuf Wildan, Marliyah Marliyah, and Khairina Tambunan. "Dana Sukuk sebagai Alternative Sumber Dana Pembiayaan pada Bank Syariah." Economic Reviews Journal 2, no. 1 (August 27, 2022): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.56709/mrj.v2i1.41.

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This study looks at the issuance and development of sukuk at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah and looks at the utilization of sukuk funds at Bank Cimb Niaga CIMB NIAGA Syariah. The method in this research uses descriptive qualitative, in data collection using documentation techniques with secondary data as the analysis. The purpose of this research is to determine the process of issuance and development of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah and to determine the utilization of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah. The function of this research is to be able to increase scientific literature in the field of Islamic capital markets related to Islamic banking, related to Sharia Bank Sukuk. The result of this research is that in the issuance of Sukuk Mudharabah Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah has followed the POJK rules, which have been explained in several articles related to the issuance of Sukuk Mudharabah. And there is conformity in the Sukuk Mudharabah issuance scheme according to the OJK with the CIMB NIAGA Syariah Bank Sukuk Mudharabah scheme. As for the development of sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah, it has been running according to the target in their issuance and it can be said that the bank with the highest value of sukuk registered with the Indonesian Financial Services Authority is Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah. In utilizing sukuk funds at Bank CIMB NIAGA Syariah, use them to support sharia financing with a musyarakah mutanaqisah (MMQ) financing contract Keywords: Fund Utilization, Sukuk Mudharabah, Sharia Financing Musyarakah Mutanaqisah

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Choi, Jong-Yun, Hany Chang, and Seong-Ki Kim. "Distribution Pattern and Brood Parasitism Characteristics of an Endangered Fish, Pseudopungtungia nigra, in the Geum River Basin, South Korea." Fishes 7, no. 6 (November 7, 2022): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fishes7060321.

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Pseudopungtungia nigra is an endangered fish species endemic to South Korea with a narrow habitat range in the Geum River basin. Understanding their long-term distribution (25 years, 1997–2021) and breeding characteristics can contribute to the conservation and habitat management of endangered species in this area. We analyzed long-term data on environmental factors and fish in the Geum River and investigated the invading and spawning characteristics of P. nigra using underwater cameras. From the study results, P. nigra indicated no clear dispersion or decline trend in the Geum River. P. nigra exhibits brood parasitic behavior in the nest of Coreoperca herzi, another species found in the same region. C. herzi males protect their nests during the spawning period, and the eggs spawned by P. nigra in the nests of C. herzi are also protected by C. herzi. This high dependency of P. nigra on C. herzi possibly contributed to its distribution range in the Geum River basin. Habitat changes caused by anthropogenic interventions during the study period did not significantly affect the distribution of P. nigra. The results indicate that the distribution pattern of P. nigra is influenced by the distribution of sympatric fish species rather than environmental changes.

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Sultan Antus Nasruddin Mohammad. "Wakaf Uang Dalam Pandangan Fikih Muamalat Dan Undang-Undang." Al-Mizan: Jurnal Hukum dan Ekonomi Islam 5, no. 1 (February 22, 2021): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.33511/almizan.v5n1.77-100.

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Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif bersifat deskriptif. Pengumpulan data berasal dari wawancara kepada pihak yang terikat dengan pengelolaan wakaf uang di Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah serta mengumpulkan data dan mengkaji berbagai sumber tertulis yang terkait dengan praktik wakaf uang di Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Praktik wakaf uang yang dilakukan bank CIMB Niaga Syariah adalah Wakif melakukan penyetoran dana wakaf secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui program atau jasa layanan di CIMB Niaga Syariah, lalu dana tersebut akan disetorkan ke rekening Giro berakad wadi’ah milik mitra Bank – yaitu Nazhir, kemudian Nazhir akan mengelola dalam bentuk investasi di lembaga keuangan syariah dan mendapatkan bagi hasil yang akan disalurkan kepada mauquf ‘alaih. Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah Dalam tugasnya sebagai LKS PWU, Bank CIMB Niaga Syariah telah melaksanakan tugasnya sesuai dengan Hukum Islam dan Perundang-undangan yang berlaku di Indonesia.

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Zhou, Liche, Guanglu Li, Yuyao Zhang, Miao Zhang, Zhichun Chen, Lina Zhang, Xiaojin Wang, et al. "Increased free water in the substantia nigra in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder." Brain 144, no. 5 (April 21, 2021): 1488–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/brain/awab039.

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Abstract Imaging markers sensitive to neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra are critically needed for future disease-modifying trials. Previous studies have demonstrated the utility of posterior substantia nigra free water as a marker of progression in Parkinson’s disease. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that free water is elevated in the posterior substantia nigra of idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder, which is considered a prodromal stage of synucleinopathy. We applied free-water imaging to 32 healthy control subjects, 34 patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder and 38 patients with Parkinson’s disease. Eighteen healthy control subjects and 22 patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder were followed up and completed longitudinal free-water imaging. Free-water values in the substantia nigra were calculated for each individual and compared among groups. We tested the associations between posterior substantia nigra free water and uptake of striatal dopamine transporter in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder. Free-water values in the posterior substantia nigra were significantly higher in the patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder patients than in the healthy control subjects, but were significantly lower in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder than in patients with Parkinson’s disease. In addition, we observed significantly negative associations between posterior substantia nigra free-water values and dopamine transporter striatal binding ratios in the idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder patients. Longitudinal free-water imaging analyses were conducted with a linear mixed-effects model, and showed a significant Group × Time interaction in posterior substantia nigra, identifying increased mean free-water values in posterior substantia nigra of idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder over time. These results demonstrate that free water in the posterior substantia nigra is a valid imaging marker of neurodegeneration in idiopathic REM sleep behaviour disorder, which has the potential to be used as an indicator in disease-modifying trials.

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Long, Lynn M., John E. Preece, Gerald R. Gaffney, J. W. Van Sambeek, and David A. Lightfoot. "892 PB 496 RESPONSE OF THREE JUGLANS SPP. TO KANAMYCIN AND BIALAPHOS." HortScience 29, no. 5 (May 1994): 561f—561. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.561f.

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Genetic transformation studies are aided by use of selection agents, such as antibiotics or herbicides. To determine the level of kanamycin to be used as a selection agent, cotyledonary stage somatic embryos from J. nigra lines J26 and J28, J. nigra × J. hindsii line S11, and J. regia line SU2 were placed on gelrite solidified WPM with 1 g/liter casein hydrolysate and 250 mg/liter cefotaxime and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Dosages for inhibiting secondary embryogenesis were 40 mg/liter kanamycin for J. nigra and J. nigra × J. hindsii and 100 mg/liter for J. regia. For the bialaphos experiments, somatic embryos of J. nigra lines J26 and J28 and J. nigra × J. hindsii line S11 were cultured on gelrite solidified LP medium with 0.5 g/liter casein hydrolysate and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Between 0.1 and 1.0 mg/liter bialaphos, inhibited secondary embryogenesis.

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Lersy, François, and Hamid Merdji. "Substantia Nigra Involvement." Neurology 97, no. 8 (May 26, 2021): 391–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000012277.

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Sousa, Filipa, and Pedro Neto. "Língua villosa nigra." Galicia Clínica 79, no. 2 (2018): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22546/48/1538.

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Dimitrios, Samaras, Papadopoulou Maria-Aikaterini, Forster Alexandre, and Samaras Nikolaos. "Lingua Villosa Nigra." Internal Medicine 51, no. 11 (2012): 1453. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.51.7505.

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Toomsoo, Toomas, Inga Liepelt-Scarfone, Riina Kerner, Liis Kadastik-Eerme, Toomas Asser, Inna Rubanovits, Daniela Berg, and Pille Taba. "Substantia Nigra Hyperechogenicity." Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine 35, no. 1 (January 2016): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.7863/ultra.14.12069.

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Yeruva, Laxmi, Dakota L. Pouncey, Michael R. Eledge, Sudeepa Bhattacharya, Chunqiao Luo, Erin W. Weatherford, David M. Ojcius, and Roger G. Rank. "MicroRNAs Modulate Pathogenesis Resulting from Chlamydial Infection in Mice." Infection and Immunity 85, no. 1 (October 31, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00768-16.

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ABSTRACT Not all women infected with chlamydiae develop upper genital tract disease, but the reason(s) for this remains undefined. Host genetics and hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle are possible explanations for variable infection outcomes. It is also possible that disease severity depends on the virulence of the chlamydial inoculum. It is likely that the inoculum contains multiple genetic variants, differing in virulence. If the virulent variants dominate, then the individual is more likely to develop severe disease. Based on our previous studies, we hypothesized that the relative degree of virulence of a chlamydial population dictates the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile of the host, which, in turn, through regulation of the host inflammatory response, determines disease severity. Thus, we infected C57BL/6 mice with two populations of Chlamydia muridarum, each comprised of multiple genetic variants and differing in virulence: an attenuated strain (NiggA) and a virulent strain (NiggV). NiggA and NiggV elicited upper tract pathology in 54% and 91% of mice, respectively. miRNA expression analysis in NiggV-infected mice showed significant downregulation of miRNAs involved in dampening fibrosis (miR-200b, miR-200b-5p, and 200b-3p miR-200a-3p) and in transcriptional regulation of cytokine responses (miR-148a-3p, miR-152-3p, miR-132, and miR-212) and upregulation of profibrotic miRNAs (miR-142, and miR-147). Downregulated miRNAs were associated with increased expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8), CXCL2, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and IL-6. Infection with NiggV but not NiggA led to decreased expression of Dicer and Ago 2, suggesting that NiggV interaction with host cells inhibits expression of the miRNA biogenesis machinery, leading to increased cytokine expression and pathology.

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Jones, Taylor W., and Christopher S. Hall. "Semantic Bleaching and the Emergence of New Pronouns in AAVE." LSA Annual Meeting Extended Abstracts, April 13, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/exabs.v0i0.2994.

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AAVE is developing new pronouns, facilitated by the semantic bleaching of the word ‘nigga.’ We show ‘nigga’ is not specified for race, gender, or humanness (although default is [+human] and [+male]). Using 20,000 tweets and field notes from NYC and Philadelphia, we demonstrate that there are new first person pronouns in AAVE based on ‘nigga’ (e.g. 1sg “a nigga”) – moreover, we demonstrate they pattern with true pronouns and not imposters (Collins & Postal, 2010) with respect to binding and verbal agreement. We discuss the origin of these new pronouns, related grammatical forms (including vocatives and honorifics), and rate of adoption and current rates of use.

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C Mocombe, Paul. "The “My Nigga” Haitian." Archaeology & Anthropology: Open Access 2, no. 3 (June 27, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.31031/aaoa.2018.02.000536.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nigga'

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