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Journal articles on the topic 'Nightshades'

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Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 19 July 2025

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1

McGiffen, Milton E., John B. Masiunas, and Morris G. Huck. "INTERFERENCE OF BLACK AND EASTERN BLACK NIGHTSHADE WITH TRANSPLANTED TOMATOES." HortScience 25, no. 9 (1990): 1132b—1132. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.25.9.1132b.

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Eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) and black (Solanum nigrum) nightshade are difficult to control in tomato, interfering with harvest and decreasing fruit quality and yield. In irrigated tomatoes, soil water depletion was greater as nightshade density increased. However, tomato yield loss due to black nightshade was greatest at the lower weed densities. As density increases, photosynthetic activity (photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and stomatal resistance) of black nightshade is more affected than eastern black nightshade. Photosynthetic a

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2

Ogg, Alex G. "Variation in Response of Four Nightshades (Solanumspp.) to Herbicides." Weed Science 34, no. 5 (1986): 765–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500067837.

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In field experiments at Prosser, WA, black nightshade (Solanum nigrumL. # SOLNI), eastern black nightshade (S. ptycanthumDun. # SOLPT), American black nightshade (S. americanumMill. # SOLAM), hairy nightshade (S. sarrachoidesSendtner # SOLSA), and sometimes accessions within a species responded differentially to herbicides applied preplant incorporated, preemergence, or postemergence. Also, the response of the nightshades to some of the herbicides varied significantly between years. Generally, black nightshade was more tolerant of herbicides than were the other three species. An accession of b

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3

Ackley, John A., Kriton K. Hatzios, and Henry P. Wilson. "Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Rimsulfuron in Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum), Eastern Black Nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum), and Hairy Nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides)." Weed Technology 13, no. 1 (1999): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045061.

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Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of rimsulfuron were studied in three solanaceous weeds. Eastern black nightshade is sensitive (> 95% injury), hairy nightshade is moderately sensitive (50 to 99% injury), and black nightshade is tolerant to rimsulfuron postemergence (POST). Seedlings at the four- to six-leaf stage were treated with foliar-applied14C-labeled rimsulfuron for 3, 6, 24, and 48 h after treatment. Absorption of rimsulfuron by all weeds increased with time. Black and eastern black nightshade absorbed comparable amounts of radioactivity at each exposure time. Hairy nightsha

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4

Müller, Jürgen. "Hexensalben und Liebestränke." Gesnerus 55, no. 3-4 (1998): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0550304005.

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The nightshades (solanaceae) were used as intoxicants since the ancient civilisations and are still in use today. Their alkaloids, atropine and scopolamine, were the major active substances of the ointments of witches, of medieval "anaesthetics", and of modern poisons for murder. In a medium dose-range the predominant symptoms are hallucinations and illusions. This explains the use of nightshades in fortune-telling and religious rituals. In higher doses the alkaloids produce coma and apnea. Scopolamine enjoyed a particular popularity as a poison for murder. In the 19"" century the nightshade a

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5

Bryson, Charles T., Krishna N. Reddy, and John D. Byrd. "Growth, Development, and Morphological Differences among Native and Nonnative Prickly Nightshades (Solanum spp.) of the Southeastern United States." Invasive Plant Science and Management 5, no. 3 (2012): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/ipsm-d-11-00062.1.

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Prickly nightshades are troublesome weeds of natural habitats, pastures, feedlots, right-of-ways, and croplands. Native and nonnative invasive weedy species of prickly nightshades were compared to determine growth, development, and morphological differences. Six (Solanum bahamense, Solanum capsicoides, Solanum carolinense, Solanum dimidiatum, Solanum donianum, and Solanum pumilum) of the 18 species of prickly nightshades studied are native to the US. Two species, Solanum citrullifolium and Solanum rostratum, are annuals; the others are perennials or are short lived perennials or annuals in nor

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6

Quakenbush, Laura S., and Robert N. Andersen. "Susceptibility of Five Species of theSolanum nigrumComplex to Herbicides." Weed Science 33, no. 3 (1985): 386–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500082473.

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Eight accessions of weedy nightshades representing five species were evaluated for response to four herbicides applied preemergence in growth chamber studies and four herbicides applied postemergence in greenhouse studies. Species differed in susceptibility to all herbicides evaluated. The largest differences were found with postemergence applications of chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzenesulfonamide}; hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoidesSendt. ♯ SOLSA) was relatively susceptible, but eastern black nightshade (S. ptycanthumDun.) was very

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7

Smith, Sara E., and Durward Smith. "Cleaning and Total Glycoalkaloid Reduction in `Great Northern' Beans." HortScience 30, no. 4 (1995): 890D—890. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.890d.

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Nightshades (Solanum spp.) are weeds that result in production losses of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) due to interference and to staining of beans with nightshade berry juice at harvest. A method of cleaning beans stained with the juice of nightshade berries was developed. The method involved fluidizing the beans and gently abrading surface soil from the seedcoat. The beans were analyzed for total glycoalkaloid content, color, and suitability for processing. The total glycoalkaloid content was reduced from 26 mg/100 g to undetectable levels by cleaning. The cleaned beans had higher total lig

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8

Song, Xue Ying, Ru Jing Liang, Yu Shuang Li, Wen Juan Sun, and Xiao Jun Hu. "Phytoremediation of Soil in the Wastewater Irrigation Area of the Western of Shenyang." Advanced Materials Research 955-959 (June 2014): 2046–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2046.

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The phytoremediation of jointly contaminated farmland soil with Cd and PAHs was studied in the long-term and representative wastewater irrigation area in Northeast China. Black nightshades (Solanum nigrum L), proved to be a Cd-hyperaccumulator was taken to remove the Cd contaminant from soil during one growing seasons in field test and thirteen lawn grasses and pasture grasses were taken to remediate the PAHs in pot experiments. Results showed that the residual concentrations Cd and PAHs were 1.94~3.69 mg/kg (dry weight) and 1.69~2.71 mg/kg (dry weight), respectively, still much higher than th

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9

Nadila, Dea, Sobir ,, and Dan Muhamad Syukur. "Keragaman Morfologi dan Kandungan Tanin pada Tanaman Leunca [Solanum nigrum (L.)]." Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) 47, no. 1 (2019): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v47i1.19554.

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Black nightshades [Solanum nigrum (L.)] is an indigenous vegetable originatied from tropical and subtropical regions. In Indonesia, black naightshades widely spread in Java, especially West Java. Black nightshades has a bitter taste caused by the content of tannins. The objective of this study was to identify and analyze the morphological and tannin content of 20 black nightshades accessions. The research was started with germplasm exploration in November 2015-February 2016, followed by planting and analysis until September 2016 at a laboratory of the Center for Tropical Horticultural Studies

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10

OKELLO, ODHIAMBO PETER, JOSEPH P. ONYANGO GWEYI, MILDRED PAULINE NAWIRI, and WINFRED MUSILA. "Effects of water stress on phenolic content and antioxidant activity of African nightshades." Biofarmasi Journal of Natural Product Biochemistry 15, no. 2 (2017): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biofar/f150204.

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Okello OP, Gweyi JPO, Nawiri Mp, Musila W. 2017. Effects of water stress on phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of African nightshades. Biofarmasi J Nat Prod Biochem 15: 79-95. This study aimed at mapping out the distribution of different African Nightshade species in Siaya and Kisii Counties of Kenya and to determine water stress effect on total antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of two selected African nightshade namely, giant nightshade (Solanum scabrum) and black nightshade (Solanum villosum). Before selection of the two varieties, the study involved farmer field visits

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11

Mabuza, Ntombifuthi Msewu, Sydney Mavengahama, and Motlogeloa Mokolobate. "Agronomic, Genetic and Quantitative Trait Characterization of Nightshade Accessions." Plants 11, no. 11 (2022): 1489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11111489.

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Nightshades are among many underutilized and neglected African indigenous leafy vegetable (AILVs) species, and if adequately exploited, they could improve food, nutrition and income among the rural population. Morphological characterization of available accessions is key for the breeder to identify and select superior accessions as parents for utilization in breeding programs. Fifteen accessions of nightshade were evaluated for morpho-agronomic variation in an open field trial implemented in a randomized complete block design with three replicates across the two growing seasons. The accessions

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12

Mwai, Gideon N., John C. Onyango, and Mary A-O. "Taxonomic Identification and Characterization of African Nightshades (Solanum L. Section Solanum)." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 7, no. 15 (2007): 01–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.15.ipgri2-1.

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African nightshades play an important role in meeting the nutritional needs of rural households, and are reported as being particularly rich in protein, vitamin A, iron and calcium . Nightshades are among three top priority African indigenous vegetables identified for improvement and promotion through research. A ma jor constraint facing this objective is the scantiness of taxonomic and nomenclatural knowledge on African nightshades resulting in extensive synonymy and confusion. As a consequence , the toxic species are difficult to discriminate from those with high nutritional value . It is al

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Kamga, R. Tchientche, C. Kouamé, A. R. Atangana, T. Chagomoka, and R. Ndango. "Nutritional Evaluation of Five African Indigenous Vegetables." Journal of Horticultural Research 21, no. 1 (2013): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johr-2013-0014.

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Abstract The promotion and consumption of indigenous vegetables could help mitigate food insecurity and alleviate malnutrition in developing countries. In this respect, 17 accessions (candidate breeding lines that have not yet officially been released) of five African indigenous vegetables: amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus), nightshade (Solanum scabrum), African eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum), jute mallow (Corchorus olitorius) and okra (Abelmoschus callei), previously selected for their superior agronomic and horticultural traits, were evaluated in Cameroon for minerals (Ca, Mg, K, P, Zn and Fe),

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14

Jagatheeswari, D. "Morphological Studies on Flowering Plants (Solanaceae)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 15 (May 2014): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.15.36.

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In the present study, the morphological features of 20 taxa of the family Solanaceae were studied. The Solanaceae, or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from herbs to trees, and includes a number of important agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamentals. Many members of the family contain potent alkaloids, and some are highly toxic, but many cultures eat nightshades, in some cases as staple foods. The present observation shows that majority of Solanaceae members almost the same morphological features that of the fami

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15

Jagatheeswari, D. "Morphological Studies on Flowering Plants (Solanaceae)." International Letters of Natural Sciences 15 (May 13, 2014): 36–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-42c743.

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In the present study, the morphological features of 20 taxa of the family Solanaceae were studied. The Solanaceae, or nightshades, are an economically important family of flowering plants. The family ranges from herbs to trees, and includes a number of important agricultural crops, medicinal plants, spices, weeds, and ornamentals. Many members of the family contain potent alkaloids, and some are highly toxic, but many cultures eat nightshades, in some cases as staple foods. The present observation shows that majority of Solanaceae members almost the same morphological features that of the fami

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16

Childers, Norman F., and Michael S. Margoles. "Relation of Nightshades (Solanaceae) to Arthritis." HortScience 33, no. 3 (1998): 505c—505. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.33.3.505c.

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Diet appears to be a factor in the etiology of arthritis based on surveys of more than 1400 volunteers during a 25-year period. Plants in the drug family, Solanaceae (nightshades) are an important causative factor in arthritis in sensitive people. This family includes potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.), eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), and peppers (Capsicum sp.) of all kinds, except black pepper (family, Piperaceae). A buildup of cholinesterase-inhibiting glycoalkaloids and steroids from consumption and/or use (tobacco) of the nig

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17

Kimaru, S. L., D. C. Kilalo, J. W. Kimenju, and W. M. Muiru. "Detection of Potato virus Y associated with African nightshade leafy vegetable (Solanum scabrum miller) in Kenya." Agricultural Science and Technology 12, no. 3 (2020): 255–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/ast.2020.03.040.

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Abstract. The African nightshades (ANS) have been part of the food systems in sub-Saharan Africa for generations. They are particularly attractive to small scale farmers because the risks of crop losses are much lower compared to the exotic vegetables. Plant viruses are economically important pathogens affecting African nightshade production. More than 200 plant viruses are reported to infest solanaceous family crops. This study was carried out to detect Potato virus Y associated with African nightshade. Symptomatic leaf samples were obtained from four agro-ecological zones in Kenya. The viral

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18

McGiffen, Milton E., John B. Masiunas, and John D. Hesketh. "Competition for Light Between Tomatoes and Nightshades (Solanum nigrumorS. ptycanthum)." Weed Science 40, no. 2 (1992): 220–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s004317450005726x.

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The effect of black and eastern black nightshade on the amount of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intercepted by a processing tomato canopy was studied along with the correlation between PAR and tomato growth and yield. During 1989 and 1990, black and eastern black nightshade were established at densities of 0 to 4.8 m−2within rows of transplanted, irrigated processing tomatoes. Increasing the density of either nightshade species decreased the number of tomato fruit; however, eastern black nightshade reduced tomato yield more than black nightshade. Eastern black nightshade was taller

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19

Greenland, Richard G., and Kirk A. Howatt. "Rimsulfuron Controls Hairy Nightshade, but not Eastern Black Nightshade, in Tomato." HortScience 40, no. 7 (2005): 2076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.7.2076.

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Nightshade species are difficult to control in tomato production and their interference reduces both tomato yield and quality. Rimsulfuron can be used to control nightshades, but species and biotypes vary in their response to rimsulfuron. The objectives of this study were to evaluate control of hairy nightshade (Solanum sarrachoides Sendt.) and eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum Dun.) by rimsulfuron and compare North Dakota eastern black nightshade accession response to three acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibitor herbicides. In field studies conducted at Oakes, N. Dak., rimsulfuron a

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20

Cárdenas, P.D., P.D. Sonawane, U. Heinig, S.E. Bocobza, S. Burdman, and A. Aharoni. "The bitter side of the nightshades: Genomics drives discovery in Solanaceae steroidal alkaloid metabolism." Phytochemistry 113 (May 31, 2015): 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.010.

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Cárdenas, P.D., Sonawane, P.D., Heinig, U., Bocobza, S.E., Burdman, S., Aharoni, A. (2015): The bitter side of the nightshades: Genomics drives discovery in Solanaceae steroidal alkaloid metabolism. Phytochemistry 113: 24-32, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.010, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.010

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21

Abelenda, José A., Cristina Navarro, and Salomé Prat. "Flowering and tuberization: a tale of two nightshades." Trends in Plant Science 19, no. 2 (2014): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tplants.2013.09.010.

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22

Rick, Charles M. "Tomato-like nightshades: Affinities, autoecology, and breeders’ opportunities." Economic Botany 42, no. 2 (1988): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02858915.

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23

Boydston, R. A., H. Mojtahedi, C. Bates, R. Zemetra, and C. R. Brown. "Weed Hosts of Globodera pallida from Idaho." Plant Disease 94, no. 7 (2010): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-94-7-0918b.

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The potato cyst nematode, Globodera pallida (PCN), a restricted pest in the United States, was first reported in Bingham and Bonneville counties of Idaho in 2006 (1). The U.S. government and Idaho State Department of Agriculture hope to eradicate it from infested fields. Eradicating PCN will require depriving the nematodes of their hosts over a protracted time period. Functional eradication might be achieved with relatively high, proven to be efficacious dosages of soil fumigants. The presence of host weeds of PCN can play a significant role in the success of the eradication program. To determ

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24

Cronquist, Arthur, and Robert H. Mohlenbrock. "The Illustrated Flora of Illinois. Flowering Plants. Nightshades to Mistletoe." Brittonia 42, no. 3 (1990): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2807211.

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25

SCHILLING, EDWARD E., and ROBERT N. ANDERSEN. "The black nightshades (Solanum section Solanum) of the Indian subcontinent." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 102, no. 3 (1990): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1990.tb01879.x.

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26

Lippman, Zachary B., Oded Cohen, John P. Alvarez, et al. "The Making of a Compound Inflorescence in Tomato and Related Nightshades." PLoS Biology 6, no. 11 (2008): e288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0060288.

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27

Odhiambo, Peter Okello, P. Nawiri Mildred, Musila Winfred, and P. Gweyi-Onyango Joseph. "Water Stress Effect on Total Antioxiant Activity and Total Phenolic Content of Solanum scabrum Mill and Solanum scabrum in Kiambu, Kenya." International Journal of Biochemistry Research & Review 17, no. 1 (2017): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJBCRR/2017/33715.

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<strong>Aims: </strong>The aims of this study were to investigate water stress effect on total phenolics and total antioxidants of selected African nightshades and determine any possible variations in the amount of total phenolics and total antioxidants among the accessions grown. <strong>Study Design: </strong>Study was conducted on the basis of randomized complete block design. <strong>Place and Duration of Study: </strong>The study was carried out in Kenyatta University Agricultural farm in Kiambu County of Kenya. Greenhouse experiments were carried out in the same farm. <strong>Methodology

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28

Knapp, Sandra, and Tiina Särkinen. "A new black nightshade (Morelloid clade, Solanum, Solanaceae) from the caatinga biome of north-eastern Brazil with a key to Brazilian morelloids." PhytoKeys 108 (August 13, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.108.27254.

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Solanumcaatingaesp. nov.is described from the arid caatinga biome of north-eastern Brazil. It is known from only a few specimens, but these were found amongst the many sheets of the widespread circumtropical weedS.americanumMill.; it is possible that more will be found once its distinct nature has been recognised. It differs fromS.americanumand all other herbaceous black nightshades known in Brazil, in its combination of glandular pubescence and shiny black fruit with small spreading sepals. The description ofS.caatingaebrings the number of morelloid solanums in Brazil to seven and a key is pr

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29

DEFELICE, MICHAEL S. "The Black Nightshades, Solanum nigrum L. et al.—Poison, Poultice, and Pie1." Weed Technology 17, no. 2 (2003): 421–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/0890-037x(2003)017[0421:tbnsnl]2.0.co;2.

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30

Yuan, Bo, David Byrnes, Daniel Giurleo, Thomas Villani, James E. Simon, and Qingli Wu. "Rapid screening of toxic glycoalkaloids and micronutrients in edible nightshades ( Solanum spp.)." Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 26, no. 2 (2018): 751–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jfda.2017.10.005.

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31

Sangija, F., M. Kazosi, M. Martin, and A. Matemu. "Trends and constraints in the utilization of African nightshade (Solanum nigrum complex) in Tanzania: A case study of Kilimanjaro and Morogoro regions." African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development 22, no. 111 (2022): 20623–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.111.22065.

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African nightshade (ANS, Solanum nigrum complex) is among the most widely distributed and consumed indigenous vegetables in Tanzania. Several challenges hamper the utilization of ANS. This study sought to assess trends and constraints to ANS utilization in Kilimanjaro and Morogoro regions, Tanzania. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed to collect information on ANS production, processing, and postharvest handling. Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, whereas focus group discussion (FGDs) was used to collect qualitative data. A total of 627 farmer

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Pertuzé, Ricardo A., Yuanfu Ji, and Roger T. Chetelat. "Comparative linkage map of the Solanum lycopersicoides and S. sitiens genomes and their differentiation from tomato." Genome 45, no. 6 (2002): 1003–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/g02-066.

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The wild nightshades Solanum lycopersicoides and Solanum sitiens are closely affiliated with the tomatoes (Lycopersicon spp.). Intergeneric hybridization with cultivated tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is impeded by strong reproductive barriers including hybrid sterility and suppressed recombination. Conservation of genome structure between these nightshades and tomato was studied by construction of a genetic map from F2 S. sitiens × S. lycopersicoides and comparison with existing maps of tomato. Owing to self-incompatibility of the F1, two hybrid plants were crossed to obtain a population of

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33

Lemmon, Zachary H., Soon Ju Park, Ke Jiang, Joyce Van Eck, Michael C. Schatz, and Zachary B. Lippman. "The evolution of inflorescence diversity in the nightshades and heterochrony during meristem maturation." Genome Research 26, no. 12 (2016): 1676–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/gr.207837.116.

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34

Campbell, Elizabeth A. "DON'T SAY IT WITH NIGHTSHADES: SENTIMENTAL BOTANY AND THE NATURAL HISTORY OFATROPA BELLADONNA." Victorian Literature and Culture 35, no. 2 (2007): 607–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150307051662.

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THE VICTORIANS' PASSION FORplants has been well established as a defining feature of the period, and scholars from the humanities and the sciences – from literature, history, anthropology, botany, art, and religion – have lavishly documented how this obsession pervaded every aspect of nineteenth-century British life, creating what was truly the golden age for the “Culture of Flowers,” to borrow the title of Jack Goody's ethnobotanical study tracing traditional and ceremonial uses of flowers through history and around the globe. As Brent Elliott argues, improvements in greenhouse design beginni

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35

Bednarz, Hanna, Nils Roloff, and Karsten Niehaus. "Mass Spectrometry Imaging of the Spatial and Temporal Localization of Alkaloids in Nightshades." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 67, no. 49 (2019): 13470–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01155.

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36

Ronoh, R., M. Linde, T. Winkelmann, M. Abukutsa-Onyango, F. F. Dinssa, and T. Debener. "Morphological characterization, genetic diversity and population structure of African nightshades (section Solanum L.)." Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution 66, no. 1 (2018): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-018-0700-z.

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37

Knapp, Sandra, and Tiina Särkinen. "A new black nightshade (Morelloid clade, Solanum, Solanaceae) from the caatinga biome of north-eastern Brazil with a key to Brazilian morelloids." PhytoKeys 108 (August 13, 2018): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.108.27254.

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Solanum caatingae sp. nov. is described from the arid caatinga biome of north-eastern Brazil. It is known from only a few specimens, but these were found amongst the many sheets of the widespread circumtropical weed S. americanum Mill.; it is possible that more will be found once its distinct nature has been recognised. It differs from S. americanum and all other herbaceous black nightshades known in Brazil, in its combination of glandular pubescence and shiny black fruit with small spreading sepals. The description of S. caatingae brings the number of morelloid solanums in Brazil to seven and

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38

Särkinen, Tiina, Peter Poczai, Gloria E. Barboza, Gerard M. van der Weerden, Maria Baden, and Sandra Knapp. "A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." PhytoKeys 106 (July 25, 2018): 1–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.

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The Morelloid clade, also known as the black nightshades or “Maurella” (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades withinSolanumL. The pantropical clade consists of 75 currently recognised non-spiny herbaceous and suffrutescent species with simple or branched hairs with or without glandular tips, with a centre of distribution in the tropical Andes. A secondary centre of diversity is found in Africa, where a set of mainly polyploid taxa occur. A yet smaller set of species is found in Australasia and Europe, includingSolanumnigrumL., the type of the genusSolanum. Due to the large number of publishe

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Särkinen, Tiina, Gloria E. Barboza, and Sandra Knapp. "True Black nightshades: Phylogeny and delimitation of the Morelloid clade of Solanum." Taxon 64, no. 5 (2015): 945–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/645.5.

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Cárdenas, P. D., P. D. Sonawane, U. Heinig, S. E. Bocobza, S. Burdman, and A. Aharoni. "The bitter side of the nightshades: Genomics drives discovery in Solanaceae steroidal alkaloid metabolism." Phytochemistry 113 (May 2015): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2014.12.010.

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Chitambo, O., S. Haukeland, K. K. M. Fiaboe, G. M. Kariuki, and F. M. W. Grundler. "First Report of the Root-Knot Nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii Parasitizing African Nightshades in Kenya." Plant Disease 100, no. 9 (2016): 1954. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-11-15-1300-pdn.

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Ji, Yuanfu, Ricardo Pertuzé, and Roger T. Chetelat. "Genome differentiation by GISH in interspecific and intergeneric hybrids of tomato and related nightshades." Chromosome Research 12, no. 2 (2004): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:chro.0000013162.33200.61.

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Särkinen, Tiina, Peter Poczai, Gloria E. Barboza, der Weerden Gerard M. van, Maria Baden, and Sandra Knapp. "A revision of the Old World Black Nightshades (Morelloid clade of Solanum L., Solanaceae)." PhytoKeys 106 (July 25, 2018): 1–223. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.106.21991.

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The Morelloid clade, also known as the black nightshades or "Maurella" (Morella), is one of the 10 major clades within Solanum L. The pantropical clade consists of 75 currently recognised non-spiny herbaceous and suffrutescent species with simple or branched hairs with or without glandular tips, with a centre of distribution in the tropical Andes. A secondary centre of diversity is found in Africa, where a set of mainly polyploid taxa occur. A yet smaller set of species is found in Australasia and Europe, including Solanum nigrum L., the type of the genus Solanum. Due to the large number of pu

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Saidganieva, Shakhodat Talatbek Qizi, and Sohibabonu Nomonjon Qizi Yuldasheva. "Measures against the damage of the insects of the nightshades family in the Soybean plant." Asian Journal of Multidimensional Research (AJMR) 9, no. 8 (2020): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2278-4853.2020.00238.4.

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Albrecht, Elena, Miguel Escobar, and Roger T. Chetelat. "Genetic diversity and population structure in the tomato-like nightshades Solanum lycopersicoides and S. sitiens." Annals of Botany 105, no. 4 (2010): 535–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcq009.

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Särkinen, Tiina, Lynn Bohs, Richard G. Olmstead, and Sandra Knapp. "A phylogenetic framework for evolutionary study of the nightshades (Solanaceae): a dated 1000-tip tree." BMC Evolutionary Biology 13, no. 1 (2013): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-214.

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Kimaru, S. L., D. C. Kilalo, W. M. Muiru, J. W. Kimenju, and C. R. Thuku. "Molecular Detection of Cucumber Mosaic Virus and Tobacco Mosaic Virus Infecting African Nightshades (Solanum scabrum Miller)." International Journal of Agronomy 2020 (November 6, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8864499.

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The two viruses cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) are among the major viruses that constrain the production of African nightshade (ANS). The ANS provides high proportions of micronutrient content and has medicinal, economic, and agronomic benefits. In this study, we utilized molecular methods to detect these viruses present in ANS at two locations in Kenya: Kisii and Kakamega counties. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) was extracted from leaves of ANS plants exhibiting viral symptoms and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform for phylogenetic studies. The isolates were grouped

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Ontita, Edward, Cecilia Onyango, Richard Onwonga, and Desterio Nyamongo. "Indigenous Knowledge on the Uses of African Nightshades (Solanum nigram L.) Species among Three Kenyan Communities." Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 14, no. 3 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2016/31099.

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Sangija, Frank, Haikael Martin, and Athanasia Matemu. "African nightshades ( Solanum nigrum complex): The potential contribution to human nutrition and livelihoods in sub‐Saharan Africa." Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety 20, no. 4 (2021): 3284–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1541-4337.12756.

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EL MAHDY, Cristina, Silvana POPESCU, and Cristin BORDA. "Plants that can be Poisonous for Cows. A Review." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 74, no. 2 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:0019.

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Romania is blessed with a rich spontaneous flora, but some of the plants are toxic by their consumption in cattle, affecting the health, productions and endangering consumer safety. Sometimes even the consumption of small amounts causes poisoning with a broad extension: from mild, moderate to severe and with chronic or acute manifestations. Plant action is not similar. Taxus Buccata, Eupatorium spp. (E. rugosum, E. urticaefolium, E. ogeratoides) are cardiotoxic plants, but, Eupatorium spp. also acts through depression of the central nervous system; Datura stramonium (Jimson weed), Solanum spp.

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