Journal articles: 'Nineteen eighty-four (Orwell, George)'

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Banks, Thomas. "Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Treatise on Tyranny." Political Science Undergraduate Review 3, no. 1 (February 15, 2018): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/psur53.

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George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four portrayed the societal antithesis of modern liberalism, and in so doing, established the adjective "Orwellian" in popular use. Orwell's novel thematically represents conceptual frameworks of tyrannical governance. Recently, questions regarding a crisis of democratic liberalism have prompted debate, discussion, and study. This article investigates how Orwell characterises the processes by which totalitarianism develops, delineates the nature of autocratic governance, and describes how totalitarianism achieves continuity. Further, this article parallels the typologies of tyranny, developed in Nineteen Eighty-Four, with the modern world. I seek to detail the ways in which Orwell's novel is a cautionary, critical commentary of totalitarianism relevant to contemporary society.

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Lavau, Georges. "1984 (Nineteen Eighty-Four) de George Orwell." Revue française de science politique 59, no. 4 (2009): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfsp.594.0805.

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Buchowski, Michał, David B. Kronenfeld, William Peterman, and Lynn Thomas. "Language, Nineteen eighty-four, and 1989." Language in Society 23, no. 4 (September 1994): 555–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500018194.

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ABSTRACTThe article examines the fact that the push for democracy and the end of Communist rule in Central Europe was phrased in terms of traditional European notions of freedom and democracy, in spite of longlived Communist attempts to redefine these and related terms in order to make them a Communist reality. Communist language usage was forcefully brought home to the West by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, especially in his notion of “doublethink”. We use the semantic theory of David Kronenfeld, along with Leon Festinger's theory of cognitive dissonance and Jean Piaget's views of how children's cognitive systems develop (including natural language), to derive a theoretical explanation for the failure of the Orwellian prediction and of the Communist linguistic efforts on which it was predicated. The explanation involves Ferdinand de Saussure's central idea that language is an interlinked system which is crucially social, and points to the critical role of childre's early language learning (in mundane, everyday contexts) on the development and structuring of their adult system. (Extensionist semantics, politics and language, cognitive dissonance, Central Europe, Poland, George Orwell, propaganda, language change)

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Zhang, Yuting. "Anti-heroism in Nineteen Eighty-Four." Journal of Education and Educational Research 8, no. 1 (April 12, 2024): 262–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/sh21xy21.

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George Orwell’s dystopian masterpiece, Nineteen Eighty-Four is one of the most pervasively influential books of the twentieth century. Many previous researchers have explored its profound themes and cultural implications. Starting from a different perspective, this thesis approaches the story in the light of anti-heroism. By analyzing the image of Big Brother and the protagonist, the anti-heroic spirit shown in the transformations of the protagonist presents the glory of humanity under the pressure of totalitarianism. The suffering of the protagonist especially when he is under arrest shows readers how humanity will be tortured by totalitarianism in a world which is dominated by traditional heroism. Orwell expresses his comprehending of the freedom and concern for the future of mankind and gives his answer about hero and freedom after a close reading. A true hero is not the one who maintains the leadership of the party, but a man with independent thought, identifying the beauty and ugliness. And the right of freedom is the freedom of ideology on the basis of history.

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Zhou, Zhenni, and Jingdong Zhong. "Winston’s Redemption in Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences 3, no. 5 (May 23, 2023): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v3i5.5059.

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Nineteen Eighty-Four is a political satire against the totalitarian government by the famous British writer George Orwell, one of the “Anti-Utopia Trilogy.” It depicts the destruction of Winston’s personality under the violence of war, lies, government surveillance, and physical restraint, and satirizes the dark and fearful totalitarian government. This paper will briefly elaborate on the previous studies on the novel. Then, the paper will explore Winston’s attempts at various forms of redemption in a society, resisting totalitarian oppression and ideological control. The far-reaching social and political significance of his redemptive acts will also be discussed.

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MURADIAN, Gayane. "THE ABUSE AND MISUSE OF THE ENGLISH WORD IN G. ORWELL’S DYSTOPIAN NOVEL NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR." Foreign Languages in Higher Education 21, no. 1 (22) (May 15, 2017): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.46991/flhe/2017.21.1.034.

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George Orwell’s novel “Nineteen Eighty-Four” (first published in 1949) is a totalitarian dystopia in which the focus is on language as a political medium to conceal the truth from the public, to manipulate and brainwash people, to make them accept all propaganda as unmistakable. Orwell succeeds in demonstrating clearly that the modern use of English, more precisely the abuse and misuse of the English word, is a powerful mind-control tool able to destruct human will and spirit, destroy real beauty and happiness in the society. This is exactly done by the new words of the Newspeak language (created by Orwell) which is the object of a discourse stylistics case study in the present paper based on the qualitative stylistic method of analysis to highlight the linguistic features of Orwell’s new words that evoke literary (and emotional) experiences for the readers, to reveal the stylistic peculiarities of Orwell’s word of fiction, as well as the linguistic and extra-linguistic aspects conditioning the creation and functioning of the mentioned linguistic units.

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Dr. Ritu Kumari. "George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty Four: A Dystopian Novel." Creative Launcher 5, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2020.5.2.20.

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The famous British author George Orwell, pen name of Eric Arthur Blair, was born in motihari (East Champaran, Bihar), then under Bengal Presidency in British India on June 25, 1903. However, he left Motihari when he was only one year old, went with his mother to England for his schooling and for higher studies, wrote many novels, but became famous for the two, Animal Farm, a modern beast fable attacking Russian revolution and Stalinism, and 1984, a dystopian novel setting forth his fear of totalitarian government and Increasingly bureaucratic state of the future, Nineteen Eighty four often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel published in 1949. Set in Oceania, one of the three Intercontinental super states that divided the world among themselves after a global atomic war, the story unfolds in London, the chief city of Airstrip one, governed by the Party, dictated by political system euphemistically named Engsocialism or Ingsoc in the government Invented language called newspeak, under the privileged elite of the Inner Party, that persecutes individualism and independent thinking headed by the big brother which is a tyrannical figure “Posters screaming” BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU. Big brother, is just the name, someone who is unseen and all the people are scared of Big brother. He keeps an eye on everything. He has CCTV, telescreens to control the society. Every street corner, every lamp post, and every wall has life- size picture of Big Brother's face, his eyes following wary citizens as they walk, cast it."

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Hazhar Ramadhan Ahmed, Shabanb, and Othman Mohammed. "Literary Parody of Russian Communism Harmonizing to George Orwell's Two Novels "Animal Farm" and "Nineteen Eighty Four"." International Journal of Language and Literary Studies 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2021): 216–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlls.v3i2.554.

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This Paper concerns within one of the foremost critical viewpoints in literature, where the metaphorical and mocking centrality of ‘Animal Farm’ and ‘Nineteen Eighty-Four' by George Orwell is highlighted, Through 'Animal Farm' and 'Nineteen Eighty-Four' Orwell by implication assaults Russian communism, Orwell combines political reason with a creative one to voice his critical conviction. Orwell utilized parody to grant more impact and understanding of his two books. Parody in Literature constitutes one of the viable literary strategies writers utilize in their stories to assault an individual, a thought, or behaviour that they think awful or silly. An essayist in parody employments an anecdotal character, which stands for genuine individuals to uncover and condemn their debasement, the analyst takes after the descriptive-analytic strategy. Animal Farm is ostensibly an animal story, but deep down it is a moral story, a parody around the Russian Revolution of 1917 with wrong qualities of course battle. To a few degrees, Nineteen Eighty-Four moreover centres on the concepts of the free venture and person flexibility, which don't really exist. There as it were remains a world of scorn. Segregation, and fear as superpowers. Eurasia and East Asia are two superpowers and Oceania, the third one, is continuously at war with one of them. By using political parody within the two books, the writer makes a consul and curiously air that influences progressing the plot in arrange to provide a clear understanding and improving its structure. In arrange to connect the investigate questions and the discoveries, a nitty-gritty clarification on the concept of the parody has been displayed as a curiously literary method; something else, peruses would not discover a relationship between the two works. At long last, Orwell actually succeeds in encoding his knead within the shape of a parody and hence peruses associated with him.

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Mullen, Lisa J. "‘The few cubic centimetres inside your skull’: a neurological reading of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Medical Humanities 45, no. 3 (June 25, 2018): 258–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/medhum-2017-011404.

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Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949), George Orwell’s political satire on state surveillance and mind control, was written between 1946 and 1948, at a time when new thinking in forensic psychiatry coincided with scientific breakthroughs in neurology to bring questions of criminality, psychotherapy and mental health to the forefront of the popular imagination. This paper examines how Nineteen Eighty-Four inverts psychiatric paradigms in order to diagnose what Orwell sees as the madness of totalitarian regimes. It then goes on to place the novel’s dystopian vision of total surveillance and mind control in the context of the neurological research and brain scanning techniques of the mid-20th century. Not only does this context provide new insight into the enduring power of Orwell’s novel, it also locates it within a historical moment when technological interventions into the brain seemed to offer a paradigm of mental health and illness as a simple, knowable binary. Nineteen Eighty-Four complicates this binary, and deserves to be acknowledged as an early example of what might be called ‘electric shock’ literature, within a mid-20th century canon that includes Harold Pinter’s The Caretaker (1960), Ken Kesey’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1962), and Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar (1963).

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McBeath, Neil. "Why Do We Still Read George Orwell?" Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jass.vol5iss2pp15-27.

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This paper approaches Orwell’s writing from the perspective of the 21st century and asks whether Animal Farm, his satirical fable of the USSR, and the dystopian vision of Nineteen Eighty-Four remain relevant. It dismisses the suggestion that these last two novels can be regarded as the natural culmination of Orwell’s earlier work, principally by examining these other writings demonstrates that there is no natural trajectory. The paper also refers to key dates in Orwell’s life and comments on his career at those particular moments. Orwell remains relevant, the paper concludes, because the forces of oppression he so vehemently opposed remain potent today. The residue of Stalinism survives in some countries, while others have become tyrannies where personality cults can flourish. Political doublethink still exists. The very fact that the adjective “Orwellian” remains current in English, and that his metaphors have entered mainstream discourse, are further indications that his work remains important. Far from being a writer of the 1930s, Orwell has been able to transcend both distance and time.

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McBeath, Neil. "Why Do We Still Read George Orwell?" Journal of Arts and Social Sciences [JASS] 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2014): 15–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53542/jass.v5i2.1071.

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This paper approaches Orwell’s writing from the perspective of the 21st century and asks whether Animal Farm, his satirical fable of the USSR, and the dystopian vision of Nineteen Eighty-Four remain relevant. It dismisses the suggestion that these last two novels can be regarded as the natural culmination of Orwell’s earlier work, principally by examining these other writings demonstrates that there is no natural trajectory. The paper also refers to key dates in Orwell’s life and comments on his career at those particular moments. Orwell remains relevant, the paper concludes, because the forces of oppression he so vehemently opposed remain potent today. The residue of Stalinism survives in some countries, while others have become tyrannies where personality cults can flourish. Political doublethink still exists. The very fact that the adjective “Orwellian” remains current in English, and that his metaphors have entered mainstream discourse, are further indications that his work remains important. Far from being a writer of the 1930s, Orwell has been able to transcend both distance and time.

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VANINSKAYA, ANNA. "THE ORWELL CENTURY AND AFTER: RETHINKING RECEPTION AND REPUTATION." Modern Intellectual History 5, no. 3 (November 2008): 597–617. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244308001819.

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The Orwell centenary of 2003 has come and gone, but the pace of academic publications that usually accompany such biographical milestones has not slackened. The Cambridge Companion to George Orwell was released in summer 2007, John Rodden's Every Intellectual's Big Brother: George Orwell's Literary Siblings was published in 2006, On Nineteen Eighty-Four: Orwell and Our Future, the proceedings of a 1999 conference, came out in 2005. The striking thing about many of these publications, not to mention the ones which emerged out of the commemorative activities of 2003 itself, is that they are more concerned with Orwell's reputation and relevance today than with his oeuvre as such. As many as five chapters of the Cambridge Companion have a “posthumous” focus; the proceedings of the largest centenary conference, George Orwell: Into the Twenty-First Century, raise the issue of Orwell and the war in Iraq more frequently than that of Orwell and World War II.The latter is not entirely surprising for an American conference which featured the “liberal hawk” and former Trotskyist journalist Christopher Hitchens as the keynote speaker, and whose proceedings were edited in accordance with a corresponding political agenda, but it is also indicative of a larger phenomenon, a phenomenon most thoroughly examined by John Rodden in books like George Orwell: The Politics of Literary Reputation and Scenes from an Afterlife: The Legacy of George Orwell. Few imaginative writers have been so compulsively remoulded, coopted, and invoked outside of their proper literary sphere; as Rodden's scrupulous documentation shows, no modern crisis from the Cold War to the war on terror has gone by without an Orwell headline to define it. What, one may ask, are the mechanisms behind this astounding popularity? How are reputations on this vast scale made? Looking at “the writer and his work” will only get one so far; one must also look outward, for the world's perception of Orwell is as interesting and intriguing a subject as Orwell himself. Rodden, the most prolific Orwell critic publishing today, has made this reception history his focus.

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Dr. S. Franklin Daniel. "Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Reality of Orwell’s 1984." Creative Launcher 4, no. 5 (December 31, 2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2019.4.5.01.

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Are we currently living in the reality of Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four? The novel has a definite ring due to the many Orwellian words and concepts that have become part of our parlance, especially the political vocabulary – terms like “Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” that have gained enormous significance in the present dispensation. The central theme of Nineteen Eighty-Four is the State’s imposition of will upon thought and truth. The world that Orwell envisages does not allow privacy for the individual and does not allow the individual to have a personal identity and also aspires to falsify history. The novel in essence raises disturbing nevertheless pertinent questions with regard to power structure, motives behind the moves of the governments, war, and class distinctions based on economic criteria. There is an invasion on our privacy as the Government is closely monitoring us constantly and more so with the advent of Aadhaar card and the seeding of bank accounts, Pan cards, etc. And quite significantly, we perceive the exact scenario that has been portrayed in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four. The novel has elements of postmodernism because the reader is left in a quandary questioning, whether “Big Brother is real?” and “what apparently is real and what is not”, as a matter of fact, perceptible realities are only social constructs. This paper proposes to revisit Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four by highlighting these pertinent questions of the past– with special reference to the power structure, Big Brother”, “Doublethink” and “Newspeak” and its contemporary significance to today’s society.

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Abdu, Khalid S. T., and Ayman F. Khafaga. "A Critical Discourse Analysis of Mind Control Strategies in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." International Journal of English Linguistics 9, no. 6 (November 12, 2019): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v9n6p421.

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This paper attempts a Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) of mind control strategies in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four (1948). More specifically, the paper tries to shed lights on the discursive practices that are used to control the public’s minds in a way that guarantees complete compliance to a specific ideology. Orwell’s novel is one of the distinguished narratives in the twentieth century. This type of fiction has always been a site of power conflict reflecting the atrocities committed against the public by those in power. The main objective of the paper is to uncover the strategies employed to control minds. It tries to explore the extent to which these discursive tactics are used to direct attitudes and change behavior. The paper therefore attempts to offer a linguistic shield against the manipulative use of language. In doing so, the paper adopts CDA in the analysis of the selected data. Some CDA’s strategies have been marked and analyzed as indicative in exposing the extent to which language is biased towards mind control. Three main strategies are discussed here: simplification, euphemism and morphologicalization. The paper reveals that specific discursive practices have manipulatively been used by the elites to reformulate the ideological responses and attitudinal thinking of the masses.

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Liang, Liqiao. "Viewing Orwellian Newspeak from the Angle of Linguistics: An “Economic” Redundancy." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 12 (December 23, 2021): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.12.16.

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Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four has been widely studied, but not one of his important inventions in that novel. That is his Newspeak. From the perspective of linguistics, one of the most important characteristics of the development of language(s) is the feature of the economy, which means that language evolves in various ways to streamline and make it easier for its users to express themselves. This is not the case with the English variant "Newspeak" created by George Orwell in Nineteen Eighty-Four, which is somehow simpler in form than standard English, which was named "Oldspeak", but "Newspeak" is actually in a sense simpler than "Oldspeak". Newspeak" is actually much more obscure than "Old speech" in a sense. The reason for this may be found in comparison with several typical language simplification movements. In order to investigate the issues, former researchers` findings would be referenced, and textual evidence would be found and discussed in the article.

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Antonijevic, Pavle. "ANALIZA ORVELOVIH POGLEDA NA IDEJE SOCIJALIZMA U ŽIVOTINjSKOJ FARMI I 1984." Lipar 22, no. 74 (2021): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/lipar74.067a.

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This paper examines the last two literary works of George Orwell with the aim to analyze his political beliefs. Although these works have remained characterized primarily as critiques of totalitarianism and the Stalinist version of socialism, the pur- pose of this study is to show Orwell’s attitude towards the ideas of socialism in theory with parallel comparison of Animal Farm and Nineteen Eighty-Four. Furthermore, in order to consider this problem more comprehensively, it was necessary to research the author’s attitude towards capitalism and liberalism. The article is divided into two main sections. The first section gives a brief overview of Orwell’s political evolution from the second to the fourth decades of 20th century. The second section examines the content of the books which are the subject of research. The article proves that Orwell remained committed to the ideas of democratic socialism in both of his liter- ary works. Portrayal of Orwell as an anti-socialist is unjustified and was formed due to the Cold War context in the West. Additionally, the article concludes that Orwell’s Animal Farm and 1984 contain a critique of capitalism and Western imperialism, which is more pronounced in Animal Farm as compared to 1984.

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Marie, Anne, and Simon Vandenbergen. "Speech, music and dehumanisation in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four: a linguistic study of metaphors." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 2, no. 3 (August 1993): 157–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096394709300200301.

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This article examines the way in which metaphorical expressions referring to speech and music in George Orwell's novel Nineteen Eighty-Four contribute to the elaboration of the theme of dehumanisation. The term ‘metaphor’ is used in a broad sense to refer to various types of transfer of meaning, thus including metonymy and synecdoche as well as metaphor, strictly speaking. Further, the viewpoint is that metaphor is the result of grammatical as well as lexical choices, and is therefore to be dealt with on the lexicogrammatical level. The following conclusions can be drawn from the data examined in the article. First, a linguistic analysis of clause types shows that Orwell makes very consistent selections from the grammar to express the central meaning. Second, it appears that metaphors have been drawn from a relatively small number of recurrent donor domains. These are the domains of animals, physical force and liquids. Although superficially unrelated, they are united in the more abstract domain of ‘control’ and play their roles in creating the picture of a world in which individual consciousness and liberty have no place. Third, the article shows that conventional and creative metaphors harmoniously co-operate in establishing the meaning of dehumanisation as a characteristic of the world depicted in the book.

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Xu, Jiacheng, and Jingdong Zhong. "Understanding and Interpreting Entropy: A Case Study of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-four." Frontiers in Business, Economics and Management 4, no. 1 (June 19, 2022): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fbem.v4i1.542.

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Nineteen Eighty-four is a representative work of Orwell, a famous British writer, which successfully presents the persecution of authoritarianism to readers, while the characters in the novel have distinct characteristics and strong emotional colors. Various kinds of surveillance and control, real and false torture hit people’s hearts, revealing the dark side of authoritarianism. Based on the theory of entropy concerned with all types of disordered managements, this paper analyze the problems faced by the protagonist and the other characters. It discusses the characters’ efforts of overcoming the increase of entropy and their state of being restricted by authoritarianism through the political instruments, and examines different kinds of entropy under relative factors — Entropy under the creation of nothingness, entropy under the control of thoughts and the deprivation of emotion. This study hopes to provide new ideas for people to pay attention to their own existence, political phenomena, independent thinking and achieve transcendence.

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Wicher, Andrzej. "A comparison between the concept of Newspeak in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four: A Novel and the way of thinking about language in C.S. Lewis’s That Hideous Strength." Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica 58, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 477–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1505-9057.58.25.

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The aim of the article is to investigate some of the possible sources of inspiration for Orwell’s concept of the artificial language called Newspeak, which, in his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four, is shown as an effective tool of enslavement and thought control in the hands of a totalitarian state. The author discusses, in this context, the putative links between Newspeak and really existing artificial languages, first of all Esperanto, and also between Orwell’s notion of “doublethink”, which is an important feature of the totalitarian mentality, and Czesław Miłosz’s notion of “ketman”, developed in his book The Captive Mind. But the main emphasis is on the connection between Orwell’s book and the slightly earlier novel by C.S. Lewis, That Hideous Strength. It is well known that Orwell knew Lewis’s book and expressed his mixed feelings about it. There are many specific, though far from obvious, similarities between the two books, but what seems to have been particularly inspiring for Orwell was Lewis’s vision of a thoroughly degenerate language that is used for political manipulation rather than for communication.

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Sharma, Pradeep. "Panoptic Life in Orwell's Nineteen Eighty Four." Humanities and Social Sciences Journal 14, no. 2 (March 27, 2023): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hssj.v14i2.58090.

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This article discusses panopticon as a controlling mechanism that moulds the conduct of Winston Smith and Julia in George Orwell's political novel 1984. It aims at examining the government tactics; panopticon, that exerts power for controlling and constructing the subjectivity. Taking the reclose to Jeremy Bentham’s penal theory of panopticon, Michel Foucault appropriates his notion of biopolitics to remap how power constitutes the subjectivity of the population. This article probes into the state paradigms that indoctrinates and makes people docile via panopticon in 1984 to subject Julia and Smith to power and their rendering of self-subjection as the political outcasts. Finally, the surveillance telescreen of the Big Brother instantiates to fortify absolute regime leading it to institutionalized punishment and outlawry of Smith and other in Orwellian novel.

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TEMOUKALE, Mabandine DJAGRI, and Souglouman BAMPINI. "Science-Fiction, Techno-scientific Innovations and Political Power in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four." International Journal of Literature Studies 2, no. 2 (September 29, 2022): 52–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijts.2022.2.2.6.

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This article is a reflection on Nineteen Eighty-Four, one of the famous novels by George Orwell, a British writer and journalist. It shows through a techno-critical analysis that, although the novel is science-fiction in that it is part of a dystopian approach to the literary genre, it also inspires and expresses current techno-scientific innovations through the emblematic figure of Big Brother. Moreover, just as Big Brother is the only symbol of the INGSOC, a single political party of which O'Brien is the leader, techno-scientific innovations are more or less embodied by political powers which, if they use them to control people's lives and subject them to their ideologies, can become totalitarian and despotic, even if they were previously democratic. In this logic, they deprive people of their freedoms, especially their freedom of thought and expression.

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Haggar, Ellen. "Fighting fake news: exploring George Orwell's relationship to information literacy." Journal of Documentation 76, no. 5 (April 11, 2020): 961–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jd-11-2019-0223.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse George Orwell's diaries through an information literacy lens. Orwell is well known for his dedication to freedom of speech and objective truth, and his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four is often used as a lens through which to view the fake news phenomenon. This paper will examine Orwell's diaries in relation to UNESCO's Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy to examine how information literacy concepts can be traced in historical documents.Design/methodology/approachThis paper will use a content analysis method to explore Orwell's relationship to information literacy. Two of Orwell's political diaries from the period 1940–42 were coded for key themes related to the ways in which Orwell discusses and evaluates information and news. These themes were then compared to UNESCO Five Laws of Media and Information Literacy. Textual analysis software NVivo 12 was used to perform keyword searches and word frequency queries in the digitised diaries.FindingsThe findings show that while Orwell's diaries and the Five Laws did not share terminology, they did share ideas on bias and access to information. They also extend the history of information literacy research and practice by illustrating how concerns about the need to evaluate information sources are represented within historical literature.Originality/valueThis paper combines historical research with textual analysis to bring a unique historical perspective to information literacy, demonstrating that “fake news” is not a recent phenomenon, and that the tools to fight it may also lie in historical research.

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Kopczyk, Katarzyna. "Politically Induced Metonymy in George Orwell’s “Nineteen Eighty-Four”." Studia Anglica Resoviensia 14 (2017): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/sar.2017.14.5.

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Zolyan, Suren. "Language and political reality: George Orwell reconsidered." Sign Systems Studies 43, no. 1 (June 10, 2015): 131–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2015.43.1.06.

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The domain of reference of political discourse is not autonomous from language; this domain is a construct generated by the discourse itself. Such an approach to the relation between language and political reality was expressed in George Orwell’s novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. Concepts of modern semantics and pragmatics allow to explicate how language acts as both a form of constructing reality and a special type of social verbal behaviour. Language has become exclusively modal and intentional; any utterance expresses the relations of obligation, possibility, etc. and may be interpreted in intensional and, hence, in referentially non-opaque contexts. However, the semantics does not lose its referential force. In contrast, this force is multiplied, becoming a transworld relation. In this respect, the semantics of political discourse is akin to poetic semantics; however, the multidimensionality of the signified referents is hidden because referential discourse is a precondition for effectiveness. Political discourse, as a description of “world as it is”, presupposes a hidden reference to other modal contexts “world in the future” (or “in the past”); “how the world should be” (or “should not be”), etc. The domain of the interpretation of political discourse is a set of possible worlds.

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Voorhees, Richard J. "George Orwell and "Nineteen Eighty-Four", and: Reflections on America, 1984: An Orwell Symposium, and: George Orwell: The Age's Adversary (review)." MFS Modern Fiction Studies 32, no. 4 (1986): 668–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mfs.0.0164.

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Gruszewska-Blaim. "The Dystopian Beyond: George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Utopian Studies 31, no. 1 (2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/utopianstudies.31.1.0142.

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NICULESCU, Anemona. "Teaching the Reading Skill through George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." ANALELE UNIVERSITĂȚII DIN CRAIOVA SERIA ȘTIINȚE FILOLOGICE LIMBI STRĂINE APLICATE, no. 1 (January 2023): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52744/aucsflsa.2022.01.33.

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Abdul- Hussein Turkey, Tabarak, and Mazin Jasim Al- Hilu. "A Pragmatic Study of the Abuse of Language in Orwell’s Novel: Nineteen Eighty-Four." Journal of Education College Wasit University 2, no. 39 (June 7, 2020): 673–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/eduj.vol2.iss39.1430.

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This research is concerned with analysing pragmatically the abuse of language upon people. The analysis focuses on the British novel, “Nineteen Eighty-Four” by George Orwell. This study aims at analysing the language used in the novel and showing how it can be used as an oppressive device that can be abused to lead to a totalitarian state. The model of analysis that is used in the current study is Grice’s theory of implicature and the cooperative principles (1975). The researcher employs qualitative method to have deep understanding and examination to the data of the present study. The results of this research reveal that pragmatic analysis shows that language can be used as a tool to spread power and authority. It can lead to a whole totalitarianism when those in power imply their aims and intuitions in the words they use. The implied meaning occurs when the speaker does not use the language directly and violates the relevance, the manner, the quality and the quantity maxims and being uncooperative. The study also shows the role and power that the language has upon the thought and behaviour of people.

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Haroon, Harshita Aini, and Zul Azhar Zahid Jamal. "UniMAP 2025: Foresighting for a Frenzied Future." Asian Higher Education Chronicles 1, no. 1 (November 5, 2018): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.9744/ahec.1.1.13-22.

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George Orwell, the English author, in his book called “Nineteen Eighty Four” wrote about life set in the year 1984, painting a depressing picture of a world filled with propaganda, never-ending war, and a life occupied with pervasive scrutiny of one’s life by others. One of the tools Winston, the protagonist in the dystopian novel, has to contend with is the telescreen. Its functions are to monitor a person’s movement and capture their conversation where ever they may be, including in private places such as one’s own home. What is very compelling about the book, we find, is that it was written in 1949. Orwell was able to predict rather splendidly what he thought life would be like 35 years ahead of the time he wrote the book. Now, fast forward 69 years later, Orwell’s telescreen is really not very different from our smartphones and other social media devices. Our smartphones now not only keep information about us once we log in, but are able to gather information from our speeches even when we are not talking into it! Orwell’s 1984 is an epitome of foresight, as it is not only the telescreen in the novel that we can identify with in the 21st century, but many other aspects of the current sociopolitical goings-on in the world. If Orwell were still alive today, we would like to ask him – what would higher education be like in the next ten years?

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Rae, Patricia. "“Just Junk”: George Orwell's Real-Life Scavenging and Nineteen Eighty-Four." English Language Notes 38, no. 1 (September 1, 2000): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00138282-38.1.73.

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Carpentier, Martha C. "The “Dark Power of Destiny” in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Mosaic: a journal for the interdisciplinary study of literature 47, no. 1 (2014): 179–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mos.2014.0010.

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Aisyah, Amanda, and Edria Sandika. "The Perception of Totalitarianism and Authoritarianism in Various Universitas Andalas Students." Linguistika Kultura: Jurnal Linguistik Sastra Berdimensi Cultural Studies 10, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jlk.10.1.1-10.2021.

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This research studies the readers' responses to George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four regarding their perception of totalitarianism and authoritarianism in various Universitas Andalas students as based on the said novel. This research focuses on how the novel's readers understand totalitarianism and authoritarianism after reading Nineteen Eighty-Four. Furthermore, this research also investigates the readers' answer on why they relate those mentioned concepts to their lives based on the novel Nineteen Eighty-Four. In analyzing the readers' responses, we apply a reader-response theory that focuses solely on the object's extrinsic elements, that is, in this case, the readers. As for the study method, we utilize the quantitative mixed with the qualitative method and library research.

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Jordan, Julia. "The Unsung Artistry of George Orwell: The Novels from 'Burmese Days' to 'Nineteen Eighty-Four' by Loraine Saunders." Modern Language Review 104, no. 3 (2009): 852–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2009.0330.

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Voznesenskaya, Maria M. "A Quote Big Brother from the Novel “Nineteen Eighty-Four” by George Orwell: Translation and Functioning in Russian." Russkaia Rech, no. 3 (June 2021): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013161170015449-2.

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Jiang, Xinyan. "Why Nineteen Eighty-Four Should Be Required Reading for Every University Student." Art and Society 2, no. 5 (October 2023): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/as.2023.10.04.

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This article argues for the inclusion of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four as obligatory reading for university students due to its profound reflection on the value of history. While previous studies have explored themes of totalitarianism, love, alienation, political allegiance, hierarchy, and technology in the novel, this research focuses on the importance of history for university students. The essay begins by highlighting how studying history can help students understand people, societies, and the processes of change that shape communities. It emphasizes the acquisition of crucial skills, such as evaluating competing interpretations and analyzing evidence. The article then addresses challenges to the utility of history, including objections raised by Henry Ford and other concerns. Finally, it examines specific hazards resulting from a lack of historical knowledge, drawing examples from Nineteen Eighty-Four.

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Sanam Raza Pahalwi. "Revisiting the Idea of Totalitarianism in George Orwell’s Ninety Eighty Four." Creative Launcher 7, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.53032/tcl.2022.7.6.22.

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This paper aims to analyse the lessons about truth and relevance that may be gained from literature by reading George Orwell's dystopian novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four in the context of philosopher Stanley Cavell's idea of “living scepticism”. According to the idea, we can view the novel as a representation of life under a totalitarian system. The protagonists in the totalitarian society of the novel experience this experienced scepticism, which is a state of confusion and doubt brought on by indoctrination as well as physical and psychological punishment. The three main types of authoritarian experiences that are imagined in the book are scepticism of the outside world, scepticism of language, and scepticism of other people's brains. The focus of the article is on the scepticism of other minds and totalitarian lived meaning among these three. It explicitly inquires as to who may be the “perfect case” in order for the main character to appreciate the viewpoints of others. Intimacy, privacy, love, brutality, and knowledge are all related in some way in the novel's imagined world. The article contends that through exposing us to The Party's peculiar unlearning pedagogy, Orwell's writing offers us a nightmare image of the elimination of the possibilities for love. What does it mean at the book's conclusion for the main character to “love” Big Brother? In the dystopian society of Nineteen Eighty-Four, the reader might utilise these crucial questions to assess her own moral and intellectual limits. Can you imagine being so obsessed with Big Brother? Or does the use of the term "love" in this situation simply aim to provide the reader the ability to distinguish between speech that makes sense and speech that doesn't?

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Resch, Robert Paul. "Utopia, Dystopia, and the Middle Class in George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four." boundary 2 24, no. 1 (1997): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/303755.

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Fang, Karen. "Rethinking the Orwellian Imaginary through Contemporary Chinese Fiction." Surveillance & Society 17, no. 5 (December 10, 2019): 738–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/ss.v17i5.13458.

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Although George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four ([1949] 2003) and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World ([1932] 2006) have long offered contrasting paradigms in surveillance theory, little attention has been paid to how race and cultural difference operate in their respective regimes. This oversight is surprising given race’s centrality in surveillance theory and practice, and it is increasingly anachronistic in light of contemporary geopolitics and the rising power of non-Western states. By contrast, the best-selling and critically acclaimed novels The Fat Years (Koonchung 2013), The Three-Body Problem (Liu 20014), and Death of a Red Heroine (Xiaolong 2000) are all set in modern China and portray issues of surveillance technology, policy, implementation, and resistance previously associated with Western powers. Yet while these later novels’ Chinese settings offer radically different scenarios than our previous touchstones of surveillance imagery, their global popularity also demonstrates their vast resonance and accessibility. Indeed, in strong reaffirmation of Orwell’s and Huxley’s ongoing value—and the value of literature to surveillance theory more generally—these recent China-set novels collapse the Orwell and Huxley dichotomy to offer surprising glimpses into the more culturally diversified twenty-first century global surveillance society.

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Lee, Joori. "Typography, Speakwrite, and Handwriting: Images of Letters in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Criticism and Theory Society of Korea 25, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 125–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.19116/theory.2020.25.1.125.

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Verma, Pramode. "George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four — A retrospective and prospective twenty-five years later." International Journal of Critical Infrastructure Protection 2, no. 3 (October 2009): 71–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcip.2009.08.003.

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Nurholis, Nurholis. "Da'wah Message of Social Stratification in George Orwell's Novel Nineteen Eighty-four (1984)." Ilmu Dakwah: Academic Journal for Homiletic Studies 16, no. 2 (December 28, 2022): 243–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/idajhs.v16i2.15696.

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The research treats the novel as a unity of thought in which the elements are inter-related each other. The objectives of this paper are: identify a novel, through its messages, is potential to persuade and shape public mindset. One of the outstanding novels is Nineteen Eighty-four (1984), it contains of so much religious endeavors. As a result, this study is conducted to find out the presentation of religious endeavors through social criticism, ethic, moral, behavioral values in the novel. Booker and Barry are used in analysing the novel, and Eagleton is used in understanding of Marxist Literary Criticism. Methods and data collection techniques used are descriptive qualitative. The result is the differences between social classes that cause power struggles have relation of theme. That is the characterization of bourgeois and proletarian in this novel comes up early in the social condition, and it is capable for illustrating the social reality at that time. In the novel, the strongest and weakest appears clearly. The characterization describes how their working conditions, their place, and their live is and how he went down to sees the working conditions down there. The characters and actions in the novel are imaginary in nature, in other words they seem to ‘representative of real life’ which are different, strange, and irrational. Thus, the different between the production and the employment, the owner and the worker, the strongest and the weakest, are subordinate that places as a subject and as an object.

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Clarke, Ben. "The Unsung Artistry of George Orwell: The Novels from Burmese Days to Nineteen Eighty-Four (review)." Studies in the Novel 43, no. 2 (2011): 286–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sdn.2011.0030.

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Amirdabbaghian, Amin, and Krishnavanie Shunmugam. "The Translator’s Ideology: A Study of Three Persian Translations of George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Lebende Sprachen 64, no. 1 (April 12, 2019): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/les-2019-0001.

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Abstract The ideology and worldviews of a community may be shifted and modified through social changes brought about by political upheavals. In a country like Iran, the Islamic revolution (1979/80) has played a major role in re-shaping the ideology of the governing body which among many other things involves modifications in the language policy. After the revolution, Persian speakers were encouraged to be more conservative in their use of language. As a result, those who tended to produce discourse which was more conservative and Islam-oriented became more popular and respected among the Iranian people. Ideology is one of the major factors which influences the manipulation of language use in translation. Prefaces and introductions which form the paratexts to a translated product often contain expressions of a translator’s ideology, and this usually manifests itself in the translation product. This study aims to describe the ideological impact of the social situation both in the pre- and post-revolutionary era in Iran on translations of George Orwell’s famous political novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949) into Persian. This study will, therefore, compare the prefaces in three Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which were produced before and after the 1979 Iranian Islamic Revolution. The three Persian translations are by Mehdi Bahremand (1976), Zhila Sazegar (1980) and Saleh Hosseini (1982). This study employs Farahzad’s (2012) second dimension of the three-dimensional translation criticism model i. e. paratextual analysis alongside Lefevere’s (1992) theory of manipulation to investigate some of the lexical differences that manifest themselves in the pre-and post-revolutionary Persian translations of Nineteen Eighty-Four which reflect the personal ideologies of the three Persian translators as explicitly or implicitly expressed in their prefaces.

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Li, Sirui. "Why Would Some Feminist Activists Want to Ban Nineteen Eighty-Four, and Why Shouldn’t They?" Studies in Social Science & Humanities 3, no. 1 (January 2024): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/sssh.2024.01.06.

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This article critically engages with the feminist discourse surrounding George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four, with a specific focus on the calls for its prohibition arising from perceived gender biases. The central inquiry at the heart of this exploration revolves around whether the perceived gender discrimination in Nineteen Eighty-Four warrants its prohibition. Detractors posit that Orwell's delineation of women, especially through characters like Julia, reinforces entrenched gender norms. Conversely, proponents assert that the novel's core message transcends gender-specific concerns, functioning as an enduring cautionary tale against the deleterious effects of totalitarian regimes. The article succinctly encapsulates the prevailing feminist critique of Nineteen Eighty-Four, undertaking an examination of the representation of women and gender relationships within the dystopian framework. Scholars argue that Julia's character epitomizes a passive and objectified perspective of women, conforming to male desires and perpetuating patriarchal viewpoints. This scrutiny extends to the thematic suppression of sexuality and gender within dystopian literature, underscoring the novel's limitations in addressing gender-related intricacies. Drawing upon feminist literary criticism and amalgamating various theoretical approaches such as historical context analysis, textual scrutiny, and thematic exploration, the article advocates for the legitimacy and significance of the critique. Despite the manifestation of patriarchal ideologies in the portrayal of women in Nineteen Eighty-Four, the article delves deeper into the pervasive theme of patriarchal control in the narrative. It examines how the Party regulates reproduction and sustains gender norms, contending that the novel persists in its relevance by fostering discussions on oppressive governance and authoritarian control. The paper accentuates the novel's nuanced exploration of gender dynamics, implicitly challenging traditional constructions. Emphasizing the value of dystopian fiction in feminist discourse, the article highlights the role of Nineteen Eighty-Four in catalyzing conversations about gender equality and institutional reform. In conclusion, the article addresses the perils associated with the misuse of censorship mechanisms for literary works and advocates for the preservation of a diverse literary discourse. The proposition to ban Nineteen Eighty-Four based on its gender portrayal is posited as counterproductive, with the potential to stifle critical engagement and impede meaningful dialogue. The ongoing controversy surrounding the novel underscores the imperative of sustained discussions, encouraging readers to scrutinize and challenge prevailing gender and political norms. Ultimately, Nineteen Eighty-Four is positioned as a valuable work contributing to broader narratives of social justice and equality.

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Terentowicz-Fotyga, Urszula. "Defining the dystopian chronotope: Space, time and genre in George Orwell’s 'Nineteen Eighty-Four'." Beyond Philology An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching, no. 15/3 (December 17, 2018): 9–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/bp.2018.3.01.

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The paper examines George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four as a canonical example of the dystopian novel in an attempt to define the principal features of the dystopian chronotope. Following Mikhail Bakhtin, it treats the chronotope as the structural pivot of the narrative, which integrates and determines other aspects of the text. Dystopia, the paper argues, is a particularly appropriate genre to consider the structural role of the chronotope for two reasons. Firstly, due to utopianism’s special relation with space and secondly, due to the structural importance of world-building in the expression of dystopia’s philosophical, political and social ideas. The paper identifies the principal features of dystopian spatiality, among which crucial are the oppositions between the individual and the state, the mind and the body, the high and the low, the central and the peripheral, the past and the present, the city and the natural world, false and true signs.

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ERDOĞAN, RANA. "GEORGE ORWELL'S NINETEEN EIGHTY-FOUR: HOW A UTOPIA TURNED OUT TO BE A DYSTOPIA." Modernism and Postmodernism Studies Network 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.47333/modernizm.2020265786.

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Anson, Patrick. "‘The object of power is power’: tautology, paranoia, and George Orwell's Nineteen Eighty-Four." Textual Practice 34, no. 3 (August 10, 2018): 359–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0950236x.2018.1508066.

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Tereszewski, Marcin. "The Confines of Subjectivity: Spaces of Resistance in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four." Nordic Journal of English Studies 18, no. 1 (August 20, 2019): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.35360/njes.490.

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Samokhin, Ivan Sergeyevich, Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Drozdova, and Olga Vadimovna Demina. "Rendering Nonce Words in Modern Translations of George Orwell’s Novel “Nineteen Eighty-Four” (Approaches Used by D. L. Shepelev and D. N. Tselovalnikova)." Filologičeskie nauki. Voprosy teorii i praktiki, no. 11 (November 2022): 3568–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20220573.

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Khatir, Hadjer. "The Intoxication of Power in George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty Four (1949) and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932)." IJOHMN (International Journal Online of Humanities) 6, no. 1 (February 4, 2020): 115–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijohmn.v6i1.165.

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George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty Four (1949)and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World (1932) stand as two powerful works of art that emanated from a mere disorder and fragmentation. To put it differently, this work of art emanated from a world that underwent an extremely rigorous political transformations and cultural seismology. This is a world that has witnessed an overwhelming dislocation. All those upheavals brought into being a new life, that is to say, a reshuffled life .A new life brings forwards a new art. This research, accordingly, attempts to put all its focus on two modernist visionary works of art that have enhanced a completely new system of thought and perceived the past, the present, and even the future with an entirely new consciousness. In the world of Nineteen Eighty Four and Brave New World, power seems to get beyond of what is supposedly politically legitimate. This power has paved the way for the emergence of a totalitarian system; I would rather call it a totalitarian virus. This system has emerged with the ultimate purpose of deadening the spirit of individualism, rendering the classes nothing but “docile masses”. I will be accordingly analysing how power becomes intoxicating. In other words, I will attempt to give a keen picture of how power becomes no longer over things, but rather over men according to Nietzsche’s philosophical perception of “The Will to Power”.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Nineteen eighty-four (Orwell, George)'

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