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Journal articles on the topic 'Nitrate reducing'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Carlsson, S., M. Govoni, N. P. Wiklund, E. Weitzberg, and J. O. Lundberg. "In Vitro Evaluation of a New Treatment for Urinary Tract Infections Caused by Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 47, no. 12 (2003): 3713–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.47.12.3713-3718.2003.

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ABSTRACT Dietary and endogenous nitrates are excreted in urine, and during infection with nitrate-reducing bacteria they are reduced to nitrite. At a low pH nitrite is converted to a variety of nitrogen oxides that are toxic to bacteria. We hypothesized that acidification of nitrite-rich infected urine would result in the killing of the nitrate-reducing bacteria. An Escherichia coli control strain and a mutant lacking nitrate reductase activity were preincubated in urine supplemented with sodium nitrate (0 to 10 mM) at pH 7.0. Then, the nitrite-containing bacterial culture was transferred (and

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2

Hubert, Casey, and Gerrit Voordouw. "Oil Field Souring Control by Nitrate-Reducing Sulfurospirillum spp. That Outcompete Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria for Organic Electron Donors." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 8 (2007): 2644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02332-06.

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ABSTRACT Nitrate injection into oil reservoirs can prevent and remediate souring, the production of hydrogen sulfide by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Nitrate stimulates nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) that compete with SRB for degradable oil organics. Up-flow, packed-bed bioreactors inoculated with water produced from an oil field and injected with lactate, sulfate, and nitrate served as sources for isolating several NRB, including Sulfurospirillum and Thauera spp. The former coupled reduction of nitrate to nitrite and

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TYRPENOU, A. E., E. H. GOUTA (E.H. ΓΟΥΤΑ), A. D. TSIGOURI (Α.Δ. ΤΣΙΓΟΥΡΗ), and Ch N. VLASIOTIS (Χ.Ν. ΒΛΑΣΙΩΤΗΣ). "Nitrate and nitrite residues in Greek pastirma." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 51, no. 4 (2018): 302. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.15691.

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In this research, for the investigation of the nitrate and nitrite content of Greek pastirma samples coming from several Greek meat processing factories were examined. Nitrate and nitrite determination was carried out following the standard methods of the International Standard Organization ISO No. 2918/751 and 3091/75.2 According to these Standard Operating Procedures-SOPs, reducing capacity of cadmium column should always has to be >90%. Because this critical point usually causes problems [never was >70%], we succeeded and validated this point by amending 3 points of the Standard Opera

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Bhusal, Arjun, and Peter M. Muriana. "Isolation and Characterization of Nitrate Reducing Bacteria for Conversion of Vegetable-Derived Nitrate to ‘Natural Nitrite’." Applied Microbiology 1, no. 1 (2021): 11–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/applmicrobiol1010002.

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In the US, sodium nitrate is used as a preservative and curing agent in processed meats and is therefore a regulated ingredient. Nitrate reducing bacteria (NRB) can convert vegetable nitrate into nitrite allowing green/clean label status in the US as per the USDA-FSIS definition of ‘natural nitrite’. The current ‘in-liquid’ test tube assay for detecting nitrite is not suitable for screening mixtures of bacteria nor is commercial nitrate broth suitable for growth of many Gram (+) bacteria. M17 broth was therefore used to develop M17-nitrate broth to be inclusive of Gram (+) bacteria. An ‘on-aga

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5

Sekine, Kohsuke, Yukiko Sakakibara, Toshiharu Hase, and Naoki Sato. "A novel variant of ferredoxin-dependent sulfite reductase having preferred substrate specificity for nitrite in the unicellular red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae." Biochemical Journal 423, no. 1 (2009): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20090581.

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Plant NiR (nitrite reductase) and SiR (sulfite reductase) have common structural and functional features. Both enzymes are generally distinguished in terms of substrate specificity for nitrite and sulfite. The genome of Cyanidioschyzon merolae, a unicellular red alga living in acidic hot springs, encodes two SiR homologues, namely CmSiRA and CmSiRB (C. merolae sulfite reductases A and B), but no NiR homologue. The fact that most known SiRs have a low nitrite-reducing activity and that the CmSiRB gene is mapped between the genes for nitrate transporter and nitrate reductase implies that CmSiRB

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6

Pignatelli, Pamela, Giulia Fabietti, Annalisa Ricci, Adriano Piattelli, and Maria Cristina Curia. "How Periodontal Disease and Presence of Nitric Oxide Reducing Oral Bacteria Can Affect Blood Pressure." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 20 (2020): 7538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207538.

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Nitric oxide (NO), a small gaseous and multifunctional signaling molecule, is involved in the maintenance of metabolic and cardiovascular homeostasis. It is endogenously produced in the vascular endothelium by specific enzymes known as NO synthases (NOSs). Subsequently, NO is readily oxidized to nitrite and nitrate. Nitrite is also derived from exogenous inorganic nitrate (NO3) contained in meat, vegetables, and drinking water, resulting in greater plasma NO2 concentration and major reduction in systemic blood pressure (BP). The recycling process of nitrate and nitrite to NO (nitrate-nitrite-N

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7

Moura, Isabel, Sergey Bursakov, Cristina Costa, and José J. G. Moura. "Nitrate and Nitrite Utilization in Sulfate-Reducing Bacteria." Anaerobe 3, no. 5 (1997): 279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/anae.1997.0093.

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8

Drysdale, G. D., H. C. Kasan, and F. Bux. "Assessment of denitrification by the ordinary heterotrophic organisms in an NDBEPR activated sludge sytem." Water Science and Technology 43, no. 1 (2001): 147–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0036.

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The purpose of this study was to isolate and characterise the ordinary heterotrophic organisms (OHOs) present in a NDBEPR system in order to gain a better understanding of the organisms involved in denitrification as well as a more holistic and accurate evaluation of the OHO fraction attributable to denitrification in such a system. Heterotrophic bacteria were isolated from the pre- and secondary anoxic zones of the Darvill NDBEPR process and characterised according to their ability to reduce nitrates and/or nitrites under anoxic conditions. Results showed that the OHO fraction is more complex

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McMullen, Sarah E., John A. Casanova, Lois K. Gross, and Frank J. Schenck. "Ion Chromatographic Determination of Nitrate and Nitrite in Vegetable and Fruit Baby Foods." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 88, no. 6 (2005): 1793–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/88.6.1793.

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Abstract An ion chromatographic method was developed for the determination of nitrate and nitrite in vegetable and fruit baby foods. The introduction of nitrate or nitrite to food may be natural or artificial as a preservative. Because of the higher pH found in babies' stomachs, nitrate can act as a reservoir for the production of nitrite by nitrate-reducing bacteria that can be harbored in the intestinal tract. This problem does not exist in adults because of the lower pH of the adult stomach. Exposure to nitrite by infants can result in methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome). There are also

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10

Rajeev, Lara, Amy Chen, Alexey E. Kazakov, et al. "Regulation of Nitrite Stress Response in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough, a Model Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium." Journal of Bacteriology 197, no. 21 (2015): 3400–3408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00319-15.

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ABSTRACTSulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) are sensitive to low concentrations of nitrite, and nitrite has been used to control SRB-related biofouling in oil fields.Desulfovibrio vulgarisHildenborough, a model SRB, carries a cytochromec-type nitrite reductase (nrfHA) that confers resistance to low concentrations of nitrite. The regulation of this nitrite reductase has not been directly examined to date. In this study, we show that DVU0621 (NrfR), a sigma54-dependent two-component system response regulator, is the positive regulator for this operon. NrfR activates the expression of thenrfHAoperon

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11

Oosterkamp, Margreet J., Farrakh Mehboob, Gosse Schraa, Caroline M. Plugge, and Alfons J. M. Stams. "Nitrate and (per)chlorate reduction pathways in (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria." Biochemical Society Transactions 39, no. 1 (2011): 230–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst0390230.

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The reduction of (per)chlorate and nitrate in (per)chlorate-reducing bacteria shows similarities and differences. (Per)chlorate reductase and nitrate reductase both belong to the type II DMSO family of enzymes and have a common bis(molybdopterin guanine dinucleotide)molybdenum cofactor. There are two types of dissimilatory nitrate reductases. With respect to their localization, (per)chlorate reductase is more similar to the dissimilatory periplasmic nitrate reductase. However, the periplasmic, unlike the membrane-bound, respiratory nitrate reductase, is not able to use chlorate. Structurally,

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12

Forsythe, S. J., J. M. Dolby, A. D. B. Webster, and J. A. Cole. "Nitrate- and nitrite-reducing bacteria in the achlorhydric stomach." Journal of Medical Microbiology 25, no. 4 (1988): 253–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/00222615-25-4-253.

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13

Miller, Robert B., Kenton Lawson, Anwar Sadek, Chelsea N. Monty, and John M. Senko. "Uniform and Pitting Corrosion of Carbon Steel byShewanella oneidensisMR-1 under Nitrate-Reducing Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 84, no. 12 (2018): e00790-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00790-18.

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ABSTRACTDespite observations of steel corrosion in nitrate-reducing environments, processes of nitrate-dependent microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) remain poorly understood and difficult to identify. We evaluated carbon steel corrosion byShewanella oneidensisMR-1 under nitrate-reducing conditions using a split-chamber/zero-resistance ammetry (ZRA) technique. This approach entails the deployment of two metal (carbon steel 1018 in this case) electrodes into separate chambers of an electrochemical split-chamber unit, where the microbiology or chemistry of the chambers can be manipulated. This

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14

Marietou, Angeliki, Lesley Griffiths, and Jeff Cole. "Preferential Reduction of the Thermodynamically Less Favorable Electron Acceptor, Sulfate, by a Nitrate-Reducing Strain of the Sulfate-Reducing Bacterium Desulfovibrio desulfuricans 27774." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (2008): 882–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01171-08.

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ABSTRACT Desulfovibrio desulfuricans strain 27774 is one of a relative small group of sulfate-reducing bacteria that can also grow with nitrate as an alternative electron acceptor, but how nitrate reduction is regulated in any sulfate-reducing bacterium is controversial. Strain 27774 grew more rapidly and to higher yields of biomass with nitrate than with sulfate or nitrite as the only electron acceptor. In the presence of both sulfate and nitrate, sulfate was used preferentially, even when cultures were continuously gassed with nitrogen and carbon dioxide to prevent sulfide inhibition of nitr

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15

Zhang, Dandan, Li Cui, Rayan M. A. Madani, Hui Wang, Hao Zhu, and Jiyan Liang. "Effect of nitrite and nitrate on sulfate reducing ammonium oxidation." Water Science and Technology 80, no. 4 (2019): 634–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2019.277.

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Abstract The effects of nitrite and nitrate on the integration of ammonium oxidization and sulfate reduction were investigated in a self-designed reactor with an effective volume of 5 L. An experimental study indicated that the ammonium oxidization and sulfate reduction efficiencies were increased in the presence of nitrite and nitrate. Studies showed that a decreasing proportion of N/S in the presence of NO2− at 30 mg·L−1 would lead to high removal efficiencies of NH4+-N and SO42–-S of up to 78.13% and 46.72%, respectively. On the other hand, NO3− was produced at approximately 26.89 mg·L−1. P

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Al-Tamimi, Wijdan H., and Kawther H. Mehdi. "Inhibition of biogenic hydrogen sulfide produce by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria isolated from oil fields in Basra by nitrate based treatment." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 7, no. 3 (2021): 88–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v7i3.163.

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The present study included using of Bio Competitive Exclusion BCX technology in treatment of biogenic production of hydrogen sulfide H2S by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria SRB in batch cultures, injection of nitrate and nitrite promotes the growth of Nitrate Reducing Bacteria NRB which outcompete the Sulfate Reducing Bacteria SRB on carbon sources. Mix cultures of SRB and NRB were isolated from produce water of oil production facilities in Iraq including Nahran Omer and Al lahis oil fields. The activity of NRB and SRB were determined by measured the concentration of nitrate, nitrite and sulfide by u

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17

Kapil, Vikas, Krishnaraj S. Rathod, Rayomand S. Khambata, et al. "Sex differences in the nitrate-nitrite-NO• pathway: Role of oral nitrate-reducing bacteria." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 126 (October 2018): 113–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.010.

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18

Novič, M., S. Težak, B. Pihlar, and V. Hudnik. "Error sources in simultaneous nitrate/nitrite determinations using copperised cadmium as nitrate reducing agent." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 350, no. 10-11 (1994): 653–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00323526.

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19

Restrepo Molina, Diego Alonso, María Carolina Rodríguez Daza, and Mario Evelio Arias Zabala. "Obtaining nitrite from vegetables sources by fermentative process using nitrate-reducing bacteria Sthaphylococcus carnosus and S. xylosus." DYNA 86, no. 210 (2019): 254–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/dyna.v86n210.77377.

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Sodium nitrate is an essential food additive widely used in cured meats. The increased unfavorable perceptions about chemicals in foods and their repercussions on health have positioned the nitrite as undesirable compound in meat products. Natural and organic ingredients have taken an important place within the consumer preferences. Here, obtaining nitrite from natural source was achieved using nitrate-reducing bacteria Staphylococcus carnosus and S. xylosus. The strains pre-incubation into the celery-based medium allowed the stimulation of nitrate reductase activity. The increased values of s

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20

Rockne, Karl J., Joanne C. Chee-Sanford, Robert A. Sanford, Brian P. Hedlund, James T. Staley, and Stuart E. Strand. "Anaerobic Naphthalene Degradation by Microbial Pure Cultures under Nitrate-Reducing Conditions." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 4 (2000): 1595–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.4.1595-1601.2000.

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ABSTRACT Pure bacterial cultures were isolated from a highly enriched denitrifying consortium previously shown to anaerobically biodegrade naphthalene. The isolates were screened for the ability to grow anaerobically in liquid culture with naphthalene as the sole source of carbon and energy in the presence of nitrate. Three naphthalene-degrading pure cultures were obtained, designated NAP-3-1, NAP-3-2, and NAP-4. Isolate NAP-3-1 tested positive for denitrification using a standard denitrification assay. Neither isolate NAP-3-2 nor isolate NAP-4 produced gas in the assay, but both consumed nitr

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Grigoryan, Aleksandr A., Sabrina L. Cornish, Brenton Buziak, et al. "Competitive Oxidation of Volatile Fatty Acids by Sulfate- and Nitrate-Reducing Bacteria from an Oil Field in Argentina." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 74, no. 14 (2008): 4324–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00419-08.

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ABSTRACT Acetate, propionate, and butyrate, collectively referred to as volatile fatty acids (VFA), are considered among the most important electron donors for sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and heterotrophic nitrate-reducing bacteria (hNRB) in oil fields. Samples obtained from a field in the Neuquén Basin, western Argentina, had significant activity of mesophilic SRB, hNRB, and nitrate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (NR-SOB). In microcosms, containing VFA (3 mM each) and excess sulfate, SRB first used propionate and butyrate for the production of acetate, which reached concentrations

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Fida, Tekle Tafese, Chuan Chen, Gloria Okpala, and Gerrit Voordouw. "Implications of Limited Thermophilicity of Nitrite Reduction for Control of Sulfide Production in Oil Reservoirs." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 14 (2016): 4190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00599-16.

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ABSTRACTNitrate reduction to nitrite in oil fields appears to be more thermophilic than the subsequent reduction of nitrite. Concentrated microbial consortia from oil fields reduced both nitrate and nitrite at 40 and 45°C but only nitrate at and above 50°C. The abundance of thenirSgene correlated with mesophilic nitrite reduction activity.ThaueraandPseudomonaswere the dominant mesophilic nitrate-reducing bacteria (mNRB), whereasPetrobacterandGeobacilluswere the dominant thermophilic NRB (tNRB) in these consortia. The mNRBThauerasp. strain TK001, isolated in this study, reduced nitrate and nitr

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Laufer, Katja, Hans Røy, Bo Barker Jørgensen, and Andreas Kappler. "Evidence for the Existence of Autotrophic Nitrate-Reducing Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacteria in Marine Coastal Sediment." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 82, no. 20 (2016): 6120–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01570-16.

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ABSTRACTNitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing microorganisms were described for the first time ca. 20 years ago. Most pure cultures of nitrate-reducing Fe(II) oxidizers can oxidize Fe(II) only under mixotrophic conditions, i.e., when an organic cosubstrate is provided. A small number of nitrate-reducing Fe(II)-oxidizing cultures have been proposed to grow autotrophically, but unambiguous evidence for autotrophy has not always been provided. Thus, it is still unclear whether or to what extent Fe(II) oxidation coupled to nitrate reduction is an enzymatically catalyzed and energy-yielding autotrophic

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Litwin, Nicole, Scott Wrigley, Hannah Van Ark, et al. "Effects of Red Beetroot Juice and Inorganic Nitrate Supplementation on Oral Bacteria and Nitric Oxide Metabolites in Middle-Aged/Older Adults with Overweight and Obesity." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 428. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa045_061.

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Abstract Objectives Dietary inorganic nitrate from foods such as red beetroot juice (RBJ) can contribute to nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability through the enterosalivary nitrate-nitrite-NO pathway. A critical step in this pathway is the reduction of nitrate to nitrite by oral bacteria. We investigated the effects of inorganic nitrate supplementation, as RBJ or placebo + potassium nitrate (PBO+NIT), on the oral microbiota, and its relationship with saliva and plasma NO metabolites and vascular endothelial function. Methods In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we measured the

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ALABOUDI, A. R., and G. A. JONES. "EFFECT OF ACCLIMATION TO HIGH NITRATE INTAKES ON SOME RUMEN FERMENTATION PARAMETERS IN SHEEP." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 65, no. 4 (1985): 841–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas85-099.

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Four sheep, fed a basal diet which included 44% cereal grain and 50% hay and which was supplemented with KNO3, were progressively acclimated to a KNO3 intake of 2.5 g∙kg body wt−1∙day−1. Nitrate and nitrite reducing activity in strained rumen fluid (SRF) collected 2 h after feeding showed maximum values of 45.3 μg N∙mL−1∙h−1 and 39.4 μg N∙mL−1∙h−1, respectively, at an intake of 1.5 g∙kg body wt−1∙day−1. The rate of nitrate reduction was threefold higher (P < 0.01), and that of nitrite reduction fivefold higher (P < 0.01), than in SRF from sheep not receiving KNO3. When the KNO3 supplemen

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Gibbs, B. M., L. R. Shephard, K. A. Third, and R. Cord-Ruwisch. "The presence of ammonium facilitates nitrite reduction under PHB driven simultaneous nitrification and denitrification." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 10 (2004): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0639.

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For economic and efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater treatment plants via simultaneous nitrification and denitrification the nitrification process should stop at the level of nitrite such that nitrite rather than nitrate becomes the substrate for denitrification. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the conditions that are necessary to improve nitrite reduction over nitrite oxidation. Laboratory sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were operated with synthetic wastewater containing acetate as COD and ammonium as the nitrogen source. Computer controlled operation of the reac

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Sohaskey, Charles D. "Regulation of nitrate reductase activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by oxygen and nitric oxide." Microbiology 151, no. 11 (2005): 3803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28263-0.

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Nitrate reduction by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is regulated by control of the transport of nitrate into the cell by NarK2. When oxygen was introduced into hypoxic cultures, nitrite production was quickly inhibited. The nitrate-reducing enzyme itself is relatively insensitive to oxygen, suggesting that the inhibition of nitrite production by oxygen was a result of interference with nitrate transport. This was not due to degradation of NarK2, as the inhibition was reversed by the removal of oxygen although chloramphenicol prevented new synthesis of NarK2. The oxidant potassium ferricyanide was

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Taneja, Pinky, Pawan Labhasetwar, Pranav Nagarnaik, and Jeroen H. J. Ensink. "The risk of cancer as a result of elevated levels of nitrate in drinking water and vegetables in Central India." Journal of Water and Health 15, no. 4 (2017): 602–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2017.283.

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The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of nitrates on the incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer development. Nitrate converted to nitrite under reducing conditions of gut results in the formation of N-nitrosamines which are linked to an increased gastric cancer risk. A population of 234 individuals with 78 cases of GI cancer and 156 controls residing at urban and rural settings in Nagpur and Bhandara districts of India were studied for 2 years using a case-control study. A detailed survey of 16 predictor variables using Formhub software was carried out. Nitrate conc

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Senko, John M., and John F. Stolz. "Evidence for Iron-Dependent Nitrate Respiration in the Dissimilatory Iron-Reducing Bacterium Geobacter metallireducens." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 67, no. 8 (2001): 3750–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.67.8.3750-3752.2001.

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ABSTRACT The dissimilatory iron-reducing bacterium Geobacter metallireducens was found to require iron at a concentration in excess of 50 μM for continuous cultivation on nitrate. Growth yield (∼3-fold), cytochrome c content (∼7-fold), and nitrate (∼4.5-fold) and nitrite (∼70-fold) reductase activities were all increased significantly when the growth medium was amended with 500 μM iron.

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Freedman, David L., and Kevin W. Sutherland. "Biodegradation of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) under nitrate-reducing conditions." Water Science and Technology 38, no. 7 (1998): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1998.0274.

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Hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine is a widely used military explosive that is more commonly known as Royal Demolition Explosive (RDX). Because of concerns with the potential toxicity of RDX, increasingly stringent regulations are anticipated for wastewater discharges from munitions manufacturing facilities. At the Holston Army Ammunition Plant (HAAP), where RDX is currently produced in the U.S., the treatment sequence includes an anoxic filter prior to aerobic filters and activated sludge reactors. The intent of the anoxic filter is to remove the high levels of nitrate that are often pre

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Smith, Cindy J., David B. Nedwell, Liang F. Dong, and A. Mark Osborn. "Diversity and Abundance of Nitrate Reductase Genes (narG and napA), Nitrite Reductase Genes (nirS and nrfA), and Their Transcripts in Estuarine Sediments." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 11 (2007): 3612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.02894-06.

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ABSTRACT Estuarine systems are the major conduits for the transfer of nitrate from agricultural and other terrestrial-anthropogenic sources into marine ecosystems. Within estuarine sediments some microbially driven processes (denitrification and anammox) result in the net removal of nitrogen from the environment, while others (dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium) do not. In this study, molecular approaches have been used to investigate the diversity, abundance, and activity of the nitrate-reducing communities in sediments from the hypernutrified Colne estuary, United Kingdom, via analy

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Tang, Wei-Jun, Chang-Ping Hu, Mei-Fang Chen, Pan-Yue Deng, and Yuan-Jian Li. "Epigallocatechin gallate preserves endothelial function by reducing the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor level." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 84, no. 2 (2006): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y05-156.

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Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, is thought to be a key factor contributing to endothelial dysfunction. Tea catechins can cause an endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation. The present study examined the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), the major component of tea catechins, on endothelial dysfunction induced by native low density lipoprotein (LDL) in rats and oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) in cultured endothelial cells, and whether the protective effect of EGCG is related to reduction of ADMA level. A single injection of LDL (4 mg·kg–1, i.v.) mar

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Uibu, J., O. Tauts, A. Levin, N. Shimanovskaya, and R. Matto. "N-nitrosodimethylamine, nitrate and nitrate-reducing microorganisms in human milk." Acta Paediatrica 85, no. 10 (2010): 1140–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1651-2227.1996.tb18217.x.

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Gonzalez-Domenech, C. M., V. Bejar, F. Martinez-Checa, and E. Quesada. "Halomonas nitroreducens sp. nov., a novel nitrate- and nitrite-reducing species." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY 58, no. 4 (2008): 872–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijs.0.65415-0.

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Zając, Marzena, Iwona Duda, Łukasz Skoczylas, and Małgorzata Tabaszewska. "Potential Use of Hyssopus officinalis and Borago officinalis as Curing Ingredients in Pork Meat Formulations." Animals 10, no. 12 (2020): 2327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10122327.

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The replacement of nitrites in pork meat products has been a studied issue for many years. Due to potential health threats associated with these additives, consumers tend to search for alternative meat curing methods. In this study, Hyssopus officinalis and Borago officinalis were tested for their potential to be used as colour-forming and antioxidant agents. Dry plant samples from various sources were tested for fat, protein, ash, polyphenol and nitrate content. There were significant differences between the herbs depending on source. Two control samples (containing curing salt and sodium chl

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Freedman, David L., Craig R. Smith, and Daniel R. Noguera. "Dichloromethane biodegradation under nitrate-reducing conditions." Water Environment Research 69, no. 1 (1997): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2175/106143097x125245.

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Marietou, Angeliki. "Nitrate reduction in sulfate-reducing bacteria." FEMS Microbiology Letters 363, no. 15 (2016): fnw155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/femsle/fnw155.

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Li, H., C. Duncan, J. Townend, et al. "Nitrate-reducing bacteria on rat tongues." Applied and environmental microbiology 63, no. 3 (1997): 924–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.63.3.924-930.1997.

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Greene, E. A., C. Hubert, M. Nemati, G. E. Jenneman, and G. Voordouw. "Nitrite reductase activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria prevents their inhibition by nitrate-reducing, sulphide-oxidizing bacteria." Environmental Microbiology 5, no. 7 (2003): 607–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2003.00446.x.

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Gentile, M. E., C. M. Jessup, J. L. Nyman, and C. S. Criddle. "Correlation of Functional Instability and Community Dynamics in Denitrifying Dispersed-Growth Reactors." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 73, no. 3 (2006): 680–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01519-06.

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ABSTRACT Understanding the relationship between microbial community dynamics and functional instability is an important step towards designing reliable biological water treatment systems. In this study, the community dynamics of two dispersed-growth denitrifying reactors were examined during periods of functional stability and instability. In both reactors during the period of functional instability, the effluent chemistry changed over time, with periods of high nitrate concentrations followed by periods of fluctuating nitrite concentrations. Community structure was examined by clone library a

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dos S. Baião, Diego, Davi V. T. da Silva, and Vania M. F. Paschoalin. "Beetroot, A Remarkable Vegetable: Its Nitrate and Phytochemical Contents Can be Adjusted in Novel Formulations to Benefit Health and Support Cardiovascular Disease Therapies." Antioxidants 9, no. 10 (2020): 960. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9100960.

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The cardioprotective effects of dietary nitrate from beetroot in healthy and hypertensive individuals are undeniable and irrefutable. Nitrate and nitrate-derived nitrite are precursors for nitric oxide synthesis exhibiting an effect on cardiomyocytes and myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, improving endothelial function, reducing arterial stiffness and stimulating smooth muscle relaxation, decreasing systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Beetroot phytochemicals like betanin, saponins, polyphenols, and organic acids can resist simulated gastrointestinal digestion, raising the hypothesis that the

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Silalahi, Jansen, Shena Keshia Aritonang, and Muchlisyam. "The Effect of Boiling Time and the Type of Utensil Used on the Nitrite and Nitrate Contents in Carrots (Daucus carota L.)." Indonesian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 1, no. 1 (2018): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/idjpcr.v1i1.208.

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Abstract. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of boiling time using utensils made of different metal component on thenitrate and nitrite contentsin carrots. The carrots were obtained from Jaranguda Village, Karo Regency, North Sumatra. The utensil types used for boiling were made of stainless steel, what so called periuk and aluminum and boiling time were 5 minutes, 10 minutes and 15 minutes.The determination of nitrite was done by visible spectrophotometer using sulfanilic acid and N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride reagentsand absorbance was measured at a wave

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Goyal, Meenakshi, and Rupinder Kaur. "Interactive effect of nitrogen nutrition, nitrate reduction and seasonal variation on oxalate synthesis in leaves of Napier-bajra hybrid (Pennisetum purpureum × P. glaucum)." Crop and Pasture Science 70, no. 8 (2019): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp18282.

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Oxalate may cause hypocalcaemia or formation of urinary calculi in animals with prolonged grazing of Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) × pearl millet (bajra, P. glaucum) hybrid (NBH). We investigated the influence of nitrate metabolism, nitrogen (N) nutrition, N forms and seasonal variation on oxalate accumulation in leaves of NBH in a field experiment in Ludhiana, India. The experiment was a randomised block design with three N sources (nitrate, amide and ammonium), three application rates (50, 75 and 100 kg N/ha), four seasons (summer, monsoon, autumn, pre-winter) and three replicates. App

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Wang, Rui, Liang Chen, Fei Liu, Hong H. Chen, Jia W. Zhang, and Ming Chen. "Inhibition of nitrate and the accumulated denitrification intermediate (nitrite) on perchlorate bioreduction." Water Quality Research Journal 49, no. 4 (2014): 346–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrjc.2014.010.

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Bioreduction of perchlorate and nitrate by perchlorate-reducing microorganisms (PRMs) is an environmentally friendly, economic, and efficient technology to treat mixed plumes composed of these substances. The influence of perchlorate, nitrate, and denitrification intermediates on PRM activity is a critical factor, which may affect the efficiency of treatment technology. This study investigated the inhibition of nitrate and the intermediate (nitrite) accumulated during the denitrification process on perchlorate bioreduction via a batch-type experiment. From the experiment, it was found that per

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Hospital, Xavier F., José Carballo, Manuela Fernández, Jacint Arnau, Marta Gratacós, and Eva Hierro. "Technological implications of reducing nitrate and nitrite levels in dry-fermented sausages: Typical microbiota, residual nitrate and nitrite and volatile profile." Food Control 57 (November 2015): 275–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.04.024.

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Mitsui, Takahiro, and Ryô Harasawa. "The effects of essential oil, povidone-iodine, and chlorhexidine mouthwash on salivary nitrate/nitrite and nitrate-reducing bacteria." Journal of Oral Science 59, no. 4 (2017): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.2334/josnusd.16-0593.

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Axton, Elizabeth R., Laura M. Beaver, Lindsey St. Mary, et al. "Treatment with Nitrate, but Not Nitrite, Lowers the Oxygen Cost of Exercise and Decreases Glycolytic Intermediates While Increasing Fatty Acid Metabolites in Exercised Zebrafish." Journal of Nutrition 149, no. 12 (2019): 2120–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz202.

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ABSTRACT Background Dietary nitrate improves exercise performance by reducing the oxygen cost of exercise, although the mechanisms responsible are not fully understood. Objectives We tested the hypothesis that nitrate and nitrite treatment would lower the oxygen cost of exercise by improving mitochondrial function and stimulating changes in the availability of metabolic fuels for energy production. Methods We treated 9-mo-old zebrafish with nitrate (sodium nitrate, 606.9 mg/L), nitrite (sodium nitrite, 19.5 mg/L), or control (no treatment) water for 21 d. We measured oxygen consumption during

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NAKAGAWA, Hiroki, and Naoko YAMASHITA. "Chlorate reducing activity of spinach nitrate reductase." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 50, no. 7 (1986): 1893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb1961.50.1893.

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Santamaria, P., M. Gonnella, A. Elia, A. Parente, and F. Serio. "WAYS OF REDUCING ROCKET SALAD NITRATE CONTENT." Acta Horticulturae, no. 548 (March 2001): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2001.548.64.

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Nakagawa, Hiroki, and Naoko Yamashita. "Chlorate Reducing Activity of Spinach Nitrate Reductase." Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 50, no. 7 (1986): 1893–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1986.10867666.

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