Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nitrure de bore – Synthèse'
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Dibandjo, Nounga Philippe. "Synthèse et caractérisation de Nitrure de Bore à mésoporosité organisée." Lyon 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LYO10212.
Full textLaude, Thomas. "Nanotubes de nitrure de Bore : produits par chauffage laser non-ablatif : synthèse, caractérisation et mécanismes de croissance." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0708.
Full textThe beam of a CO2 laser, both continuous and low power (40-80 W), focused on a hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) target (hot pressed powders), induces no ablation, but a stable temperature gradient, radial along target surface. Such a heating, in low nitrogen pressure, produces a macroscopic growth of BN nano-tubes. Tubes grow on a ring around impact, forming a crown of entangled tubes, perpendicular to target surface. This method is efficient to synthesise BN nano-tubes and other nano-spherical BN particles, often rich in boron. Tubes are extremely long (measured up to 120 microns), mostly thin (typically 2 to 4 layers) and self-assembled in ropes. In a tube, BN is stoichiometric and well crystallised. Spherical particles are faceted BN onions, often containing a boron nano-crystal inside their cavity. The synthesis method is simple and low cost. Quantity produced may be extended for commercial purposes, by scanning the laser beam (or the target), by using a higher laser power, or by collecting the material dropped from the target,. . . Growth occurs at bigh temperature but not directly from h-BN platelets. After dissociation and evaporation, boron condenses in nitrogen atmosphere, forming spherical particles, rich in boron, which spread around impact. Then, boron recombines with gaseous nitrogen if and only if boron is liquid, and hence, growth occurs on a ring of specific temperatures. While forming BN shells, some spherical particles evolve toward tubular extrusions. The evolution of a spherical particle toward a tube can be driven by its temperature decrease. A temperature gradient forms along the tube, essentially because of thermal radiation. The gradient is exponentially decreasing with tube length, by an order of 200 K over a few tens of microns. Growth speed also decreases quickly with tube length. It is of an order of 10 µm/s in the beginning of the growth
Montigaud, Hervé. "Synthèses sous hautes pressions et caractérisations physicochimiques du nitrure de bore cubique et du nitrure de carbone C3N4." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00164570.
Full textMontigaud, Hervé. "Synthèse sous hautes pressions et caractérisations physico-chimiques du nitrure de bore cubique et du nitrure de carbone C₃N₄." Bordeaux 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998BOR10555.
Full textBoudiombo, Jean. "Etude et caractérisation optique linéaire et non-linéaire de films minces de nitrure de bore (BN) par ondes guidées." Metz, 1998. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1998/Boudiombo.Jean.SMZ9828.pdf.
Full textArenal, de la Concha Raúl. "Synthèse de nanotubes de nitrure de bore : études de la structure et des propriétés vibrationnelles et électroniques." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112017.
Full textThis research work concerns the study of the boron nitride nanotubes (BN-NTs). Their conditions of production by laser vaporization have been optimized and we have analyzed the various mechanisms involved in the synthesis process. We present a detailed characterisation study of the synthesis products, obtained by Transmission Electron Microscopy (high-resolution mode (HRTEM) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)) and by means of Raman (visible range) and infrared (IR) spectroscopies. Product composition and analysis have been determined: different boron based compounds and other impurities are also identified. We have performed a nanometric chemical characterization. These results, combined with phase diagram analysis and information obtained from the synthesis work (temperature, B and N sources) strongly support our proposed phenomenological NT growth mechanism. This model considers the solubility, solidification and segregation phenomena of the different elements present in the liquid boron drop. We have also performed a study of the following NT properties: (1) vibrational: measurements using Raman (pre-resonant, UV range) and micro-IR spectroscopies, obtained on the sample regions rich in NTs, provide us with spectra that we can attribute to the NTs. These results are discussed in comparison with ab initio calculations and the zone-folding method. (2) Electronic: via EELS measurements in the low-loss region (0-50 eV). The different excitations obtained have been interpreted using the continuum dielectric model. The optical gap of the NTs found to be close to 5,8-5,9 eV, independent on the number of layers or radii of the tubes
Saulig-Wenger, Karine. "Nouvelle méthode de synthèse et caractérisation chimique et structurale de nanofibres et de nanocables à base de bore et de silicium." Lyon 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LYO10245.
Full textAntoine, Serge. "Etude de la synthèse hydrothermale de la variété cubique du nitrure de bore à très hautes pression et température." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10115.
Full textEliaoui, Morad. "Caractérisation, modèlisation et synthèse de films minces de nitrure de bore (BN) par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par plasma (PECVD)." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2006/Eliaoui.Mourad.SMZ0605.pdf.
Full textBoron nitride (BN) is a compound that exists under two crystallographic structures, the hexagonal form (h-BN), and the cubic form (c-BN). The latter one is a very valuable material for applications in optics and electronics. The first part of this work, was to study the deposition of thin films of boron nitride in a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) reactor, and in particular to study how to synthesize the cubic phase. For that purpose, it is necessary to optimize the ionic bombardment, and for that aim, an RF signal was applied to the sample holder, to polarize it by self bias effect. In order to get a control on it, we did perform some characterisations of the plasma properties by Langmuir probe measurements. The second part was to characterize the deposited layers by infra-red transmission spectroscopy. It appears that the films of h-BN are nanocrystallized and texturated, the orientation of the optical axis of the crystallites being dependent on the deposition conditions. In order to simulate the spectra, we have developed an optical model of thin films transmission, and we have used it to determine the optical parameters of h-BN, by fitting the experimental spectra. The optical behavior of films is modelized thanks to the expression of the dielectric function of the medium, which has been expressed, on the one hand, by an expression of the effective dielectric function of the literature, and on the other hand, by an iterative calculation which we have developed
Salameh, Chrystelle Mounir. "Synthèse de matériaux nitrures fonctionnels à base de bore ou d'aluminium pour des applications en énergie (production et stockage de l'hydrogène)." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014MON20157/document.
Full textPorous inorganic materials are of great interest owing to their potential in energy applications. The general objective of the present thesis concerns the development of functional (carbo)nitrides for hydrogen generation and storage (material design, elaboration, properties and applications). The PDCs route, which offers a large number of opportunities in chemistry and ceramic sciences, has been applied to produce functional (carbo)nitrides materials. Firstly, we prepared porous binary systems such as AlN and BN by replicating the structure of CMK-3 and that of activated carbon. After pyrolysis and removal of the template, we demonstrated the feasibility of producing nitrides with tailored porosity. Moreover, by coupling the PDCs route with the aerogel technology, we succeeded in preparing polymer-derived AlN and BN aerogels. We assessed the potential of these porous AlN and BN materials in nanoconfinement of two chemical hydrides, namely sodium alanate and ammoniaborane, respectively. In both cases, the nanoconfinement destabilized the network of the hydride and favored the release of H2 at low temperature. Besides, in the case of nanoconfined ammoniaborane, no evolution of undesired gaseous by-products was observed, which means that pure hydrogen was produced in our conditions. Secondly, we prepared porous quaternary systems through the association of AlN/BN with Si-based ceramics. In particular, we investigated the preparation of SiAlCN with tailored porosity by using two approaches: the “molecular building block” and “single-source precursor” approaches. Concerning the former, we investigated the preparation of ordered mesoporous materials to be used as catalytic supports for hydrolysis of alkaline solution of sodium borohydride. We succeeded in generating high amounts of H2 with attractive kinetics. Concerning the latter approach, the work was focused on the investigation of the chemistry of SiAlCN and SiBCN materials with a particular focus on the elaboration of SiAlCN microcellular foams by a sacrificial processing route
Soussou, Mohamed-Akram. "Synthèse de couches minces de nitrures d'aluminium et de Bore par pulvérisation cathodique magnétron classique et à très haute puissance pulsée pour la gestion thermique des composants à haute température de fonctionnement." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT2112.
Full textThis work is dedicaced to the development of a low temperature aluminium and boron nitrides (AIN and BN) thin film deposition process by reactive magnetron sputtering. This process is suitable for the requirement of microelectronics technologies. In order to elaborate high crystalline quality films, we optimized the classical magnetron sputtering process and, then, set-up the newly emerging technique of High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering. Thanks to their high thermal conductivities, the synthezided materials will allow a lowering of the thermal resistance of devices and an increasing of their performances. First, a complete analysis of the DC discharge was conducted in order to optimize the numerous plasma parameters in correlation with the material properties. Our study showed that it is possible to obtain a good crystalline quality of aluminium nitride thin films. Second, we have demonstrated for the first time that HiPIMS process, can be used for the deposition of insulating material as AIN and BN. Thanks to an adaptation of the whole process including the pulsed power supply we overcome all technical problems and deposit such dielectric materials. Thanks to time-resolved diagnostic of the discharge, this process was optimised and allowed an improvement of AIN films' crystalline quality both at the interface with the substrate and at the ''bulk'' of the film. Third, thermal properties of AIN films were measured and linked to their microstructures. A thermal conductivity as high as 200 W. M-l. K-1 was obtained
SENE, GILLES. "Synthese de nitrure de bore cubique sous irradiation ionique : caracterisation structurale et mecanismes de base." Paris 11, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA112120.
Full textDURIEZ, CHRISTOPHE. "Synthese de precurseurs moleculaires de la ceramique nitrure de bore isotopiquements enrichis ou non en azote quinze." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10175.
Full textGourari, Djamel Eddine. "Synthèse par arc électrique de nanotubes de carbone hybrides incorporant de l'azote et/ou du bore." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30170/document.
Full textIn opposition to carbon nanotubes which are semi-conductors with so-called "small gap" and which electronic properties are entirely determined by their geometry, single-wall heterogeneous carbon nanotubes BxCyNz yield to great scientific interest due to their tunable electronic properties. Successfully synthesising these heterogeneous nanotubes would indeed allow tuning this gap by acting on their chemical composition instead of their geometry. BxCyNz nanotubes resulting from the substitution of some carbon atoms in the graphene lattice by heteroatoms (B and/or N) could have numerous applications, in particular in photo-luminescent materials, field emission devices, or high operating temperature nano transistors... This work is dedicated to the synthesis of this new generation of nanotubes by electric arc. This technique offers the advantage to perform in-situ substitution of carbon atoms by the heteroatoms. It was carried out using an original approach based on the correlation of plasma characteristics (temperature and concentration fields of the various species) with the morphology and the composition of the carbon nanostructures characterized by various techniques (HRTEM, EDX, XPS, EELS). These results bring a better understanding of the phenomena involved in the growth of heteronanotubes in plasma conditions and also of the structure and chemical environment of the doping elements in the graphene lattice of carbon nanoforms such as boron- or nitrogen-doped nanotubes, and doped graphene layers
Tailleur, Aurelien. "Synthèse par procédé plasma et caractérisation de nanotubes : étude des mécanismes de croissance et applications électronique, biochimique et thermique." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=47d89e22-2065-41af-b080-6e97476eca10.
Full textThe main issue of this PHD work was the optimisation of the synthesis by plasma method of oriented multi wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). For this purpose the influence of the different plasma parameters was evaluated on the one hand by the structural analysis of the CNTs carpets synthesized, mainly realised by SEM and TEM observations and on the other hand by plasma diagnostics as mass spectrometry. This study has especially allowed better understanding the growth mechanism of MWCNTs and the advantages and limitations of our ECR-PECVD process (Electron Cyclotron Resonance – Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition). Different applications of our CNTs were explored in the frame of this thesis work. First a study was carried out on the use of CNTs as interconnection in replacement of copper for microelectronic application (ANR “Nanoréseaux”). A second study was done on the use of MWCNTs as transducers for the realisation of electrochemical biosensors (Region Project “Biocap’Loire”). A third study was carried out for the development of nanocomposites materials with exceptional thermal conductivity. In fact, MWCNTs coated with aluminium nitride (AlN) were synthesized and characterized in order to be used for the thermal management of microelectronic devices (ANR “Nanothermic”). Finally the synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) by our process was investigated and has mainly allowed identifying the limits and possible improvement ways of our process for the synthesis of BNNTs
Antoine, Serge. "Etude de la synthèse hydrothermale de la variété cubique du nitrure de bore à très hautes pression et température." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37611322z.
Full textEliaoui, Morad Bath Armand Ahaitouf Ali. "Caractérisation, modèlisation et synthèse de films minces de nitrure de bore (BN) par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur assisté par plasma (PECVD)." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2006/Eliaoui.Mourad.SMZ0605.pdf.
Full textJaffrennou, Périne. "Etude des propriétés optiques du nitrure de bore hexagonal et des nanotubes de nitrure de bore." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344654.
Full textL'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser les propriétés optiques de ces matériaux et, plus particulièrement, leurs effets excitoniques, en développant des méthodes de caractérisation optique adaptées pour observer des émissions UV.
Les techniques expérimentales de photoluminescence et de cathodoluminescence développées au cours de cette thèse ont tout d'abord permis de comprendre les propriétés de luminescence du hBN. Ainsi, nous avons pu confirmer la présence d'excitons libres émettant à 5.77 eV. Ensuite, en corrélant ces mesures optiques avec des analyses structurales en microscopie électronique en transmission de cristaux individuels, nous avons mis en évidence l'existence d'excitons liés à des défauts structuraux bien déterminés et émettant autour de 5.5 eV. Une fois les propriétés de luminescence du matériau massif connues, nous avons analysé de la même manière différents types de nanotubes de BN multifeuillets. Ces mesures ont pour la première fois montré que ces nano-objets émettent également dans l'UV. En se basant sur notre étude de la luminescence de hBN, nous proposons une interprétation pour l'origine de leurs émissions lumineuses UV.
Jaffrennou, Périne. "Étude des propriétés optiques du nitrure de bore hexagonal et des nanotubes de nitrure de bore." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344654/fr/.
Full textSince several years, optical properties of semiconductors, and especially of UV emitting materials, have been extensively studied because of their potential use in optoelectronics. In that purpose, studying optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and boron nitride nanotubes is of particular interest since they are both wide band gap semiconductors (~6 eV). The purpose of this work is to analyze the optical properties of these materials and, more precisely, their excitonic effects by developing optical characterization methods dedicated to observe UV emissions. The experimental techniques we have developed (photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence) have allowed us understanding luminescence properties of hBN. Thus, we have observed free excitonic emissions at 5. 77 eV. Then, a correlation of these optical measurements with structural analyses of individual hBN crystallites in transmission electron microscopy has pointed out the existence of excitons bound to well identified structural defects and emitting around 5. 5 eV. After the analysis of hBN optical properties, we have performed the same type of experiments on multiwall BN nanotubes. For the first time, such measurements have shown that these nano objects also emit in the UV range. Based on our previous study of hBN luminescence properties, we interpretate the origin of the BN nanotubes UV light emissions
Gleize, Philippe. "Elaboration de nitrure de bore filamentaire." Grenoble INPG, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPG0115.
Full textPujol, Patrick. "Mésophases massives de nitrure de bore hexagonal." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR12222.
Full textAbreal, Alain. "Proprietes refractaires des composites ceramiques alumine-nitrure de bore." Paris, ENMP, 1994. https://hal-emse.ccsd.cnrs.fr/tel-01163637.
Full textLe, Godec Yann. "Etude du nitrure de bore sous hautes pression et température." Paris 7, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA077138.
Full textRemadna, Mehdi Rigal Jean-François. "Le Comportement du système usinant en tournage dur application au cas d'un acier trempé usiné avec des plaquettes CBN (Nitrure de Bore Cubique) /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2003. http://csidoc.insa-lyon.fr/these/2001/remadna/index.html.
Full textGrenier, Isabelle. "Contribution à l'étude de l'application des dépôts ioniques à la réalisation de revêtements de nitrure de bore." Limoges, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIMO0003.
Full textRemadna, Mehdi. "Le Comportement du système usinant en tournage dur." Lyon, INSA, 2001. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2001ISAL0022/these.pdf.
Full textThe evolution of materials performances for cutting tools and their improvements allowed the experiment to operate with High Speed Machining (HSM). The diversity of parameters which determine the level of removal rate of the chip allows the constitution of several modalities in machining with the HSM system, therefore the important factors as efforts, vibrations, roughness, choice of tools, power… become constraints. In this context we had developed some researches in order to specify the behaviour of the cutting tool in Cubic Boron Nitride (CBN). . We had observed experimentally the profile of the wear at various cutting speeds. The profiles analysis process brings a contribution for good industrial mastery on turning tools wear. As summery, our study, which is essentially experimental, shows at first, that the geometry of the cutting evolves strongly in the life time of the tool. The CBN inserts, this lifetime increases as the chip section decreases, even though observations and measures have shown for each case an evolution in the geometry of cutting. With an increasing, at the same time, of specific efforts components of the cutting. These results show that the hard steel machining with CBN tools gives a good geometrical quality on the surface of tools machines, which one conceived with classic technologies on spindles with rolling bearing. On the other hand, the stress and metallurgical state of the manufactured surface make difficult their control because they are linked to a cut geometry which evolves strongly during the lifetime of the insert. This study shows, also, that the specific effort of cut changes strongly the direction in time and correlatively with the tool wear. It is really important to considerate this evolution to conceive a new tool machine and exploitable ranges of manufacturing in an industrial environment
Delacroix, Simon. "Synthèse de nanomatériaux riches en bore." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2019SORUS483.pdf.
Full textDuring this PhD we have developed a new synthetic pathway towards nanoparticles containing light elements especially boron. The nanostructuration of such materials could lead to increase their properties like hardness. Unfortunately, the synthesis of such nanomaterials is very complicated. Indeed, a complex network of covalent bond existing in these materials should be organized during the synthesis and the crystallization at high temperature which lead to the growth of the particles. To answer this synthetic challenge, we have coupled two classically separated worlds: high temperature colloidal chemistry synthesis. and high pressure physics. Nanoparticles are synthesized in inorganic molten salts (alkali halides) to obtain various materials such lithium boride, alkaline borocarbides, amorphous boron and boron carbides of different ratio. The study of structural transitions of this compounds is realized at high temperature under high pressure in a Paris Edinburgh or a multi anvil press. Thanks to the nanostructuration of the precursors, surface energy plays an important role during the crystallization and could lead to the formation of new metastable phases. The pressure limit the growth of the initial particles and allow us to visit a large space in the phase diagrams of this different compounds studied in this PhD
Biardeau, Gilles. "Nouvelles voies d'élaboration et de cristallogénèse du nitrure de bore cubique." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376029904.
Full textGuilhon, Florence. "Obtention de nitrure de bore par pyrolyse de nouveaux précurseurs moléculaires." Lyon 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LYO10255.
Full textBiardeau, Gilles. "Nouvelles voies d'élaboration et de cristallogénèse du nitrure de bore cubique." Bordeaux 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BOR10598.
Full textDoche, Cécile. "Elaboration et caractérisation de composites céramiques réfractaires SiAlON-nitrure de bore." Grenoble INPG, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996INPG4204.
Full textSilva, Santos Silvio Domingos. "Nanotubes de carbone et de nitrure de bore sous haute pression." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1286/document.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on the structural stability of well-characterized carbon and boron nitride nanotubes under very high pressures both including their in situ study as well as after the pressure cycle. We try to provide in this way a first approach to determine the role of parameters as composition (C or BN), number of walls or diameter on the limit stability of nanotube structures.In the two first chapters, we provide a basic description of the theoretical aspects related to carbon nanotubes, we address their main synthesis methods as well as the experimental techniques used in this thesis to study these systems. In the three following chapters, we describe the structural evolution of three systems i) low diameter (6,5) chirality enriched single wall nanotubes ii) triple-wall carbon nanotubes and iii) multiwall boron nitride nanotubes. The maximum pressure attained in these studies were of 80, 72 and 50 GPa respectively.Both the radial collapse of the structure and the mechanical stability of the tubular structure under very high pressure are addressed in the study. In particular, after their collapse, the low-diameter (6,5) single walled carbon nanotubes can be preserved up to 50 GPa and above this value the tubes undergo an irreversible structural transformation. On its side, the triple wall systems could be detected up to ~ 60 GPa but their transformed irreversibly at 72 GPa. Finally boron nitride tubes have a low mechanical stability when compared with their carbon counterparts. Under high pressures they present transformations at different pressures to a variety of structural morphologies, some of them having been detected for the first time in this work
Gonnet, Valérie. "Le nitrure de bore cubique : domaine de stabilité et nouvelles voies d'élaboration." Bordeaux 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR10647.
Full textMaguer, Aude. "Manipulation et fonctionnalisation de nanotube : Application aux nanotubes de nitrure de bore." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA112215.
Full textThis PhD work is divided into two parts dealing with boron nitride (BNNT) and carbon nanotubes. The first part is about synthesis, purification and chemical functionalization of BNNT. Single-walled BNNT are synthesized by LASER ablation of a hBN target. Improving the synthesis parameters first allowed us to limit the byproducts (hBN, boric acid). A specific purification process was then developed in order to enrich the samples in nanotubes. Purified samples were then used to develop two new chemical functionalization methods. They both involve chemical molecules that present a high affinity towards the BN network. The use of long chain-substituted quinuclidines and borazines actually allowed the solubilization of BNNT in organic media. Purification and functionalization were developed for single-walled BNNT and were successfully applied to multi-walled BNNT. Sensibility of boron to thermic neutrons finally gave birth to a study about covalent functionalization possibilities of the network. The second part of the PhD work deals with separation of carbon nanotubes depending on their properties. Microwave irradiation of carbon nanotubes first allowed the enrichment of initially polydisperse samples in large diameter nanotubes. A second strategy involving selective interaction between one type of tubes and fullerene micelles was finally envisaged to selectively solubilize carbon nanotubes with specific electronic properties
Le, Gallet Sophie. "L'interphase de nitrure de bore multicouche dans les composites thermostructuraux SiC/SiC." Bordeaux 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001BOR12476.
Full textMortet, Vincent. "Croissance et caractérisation de couches minces de nitrure d'aluminium et de nitrure de bore cubique obtenues par pulvérisation triode." Valenciennes, 2001. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/3b61f736-adf1-4988-81b5-f6851c6cfa9b.
Full textCubic boron nitride (c-BN) and aluminum nitride (AIN) possess a variety of hightly interesting mechanical, thermal, electrical and optical properties, and therefore, have significant technological potential for thin films applications. Layer properties obtained by PVD and CVD methods depend on substrate temperature and on flux and energy of each species reaching substrates. For instance, c-BN growth is obtained only for a limited range of process parameters with a significant level of energetic ion bombardment during film growth. AIN and BN fims wer deposited by reactive and substrate bias sputtering. The effect of each deposition parameters on the discharge was studied by means of a Langmuir probe and an ion collector. AIN and BN properties were studied by infrared spectrometry (FTIR), UV-Visible spectrometry, RAMAN spectrometry, X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive spectrometry analysis system (EDS) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Optimal nitrogen ratio and bias voltage were determined for c-BN growth and AIN (002) growth. Systematic studies of film stress have shown the effect of ion flux, ion energy, deposition rate and films thickness on stress. The c-BN growth studied by stress profile has shown the effect of stress on c-BN nucleation in accordance with Mackenzie stress model. The deposition conditions change after c-BN nucleation neither allows to reduce stress nor increases adherence of c-BN films. Our results indicate that film stress depends not only on deposition condition but also on the mechanical properties of deposited material
Dicko, Amadou. "Hydrolyse de borates : synthèse d'acides aminoboroniques." Perpignan, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PERP0075.
Full textPierret, Aurélie. "Propriétés structurales et optiques de nanostructures III-N semiconductrices à grand gap : nanofils d’AlxGa1−xN synthétisés par épitaxie par jets moléculaires et nanostructures de nitrure de bore." Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066549.
Full textThis work focuses on structural and optical properties of III-nitrides wide-band gap semiconductors (AlxGa1-xN and h-BN), emitting in the ultraviolet range (4-6 eV). Nano-objects properties being modified by dimensional reduction, this work was mostly focused on the study of nanostructures of these materials (AlN and AlxGa1-xN nanowires, BN nanotubes and nanosheets). Careful search for correlation between their structure and luminescence has also been carried out. Concerning AlxGa1-xN materials, nanowires have been grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. The use of GaN nanowires bases has allowed us to promote the growth of non-coalesced 1D AlxGa1-xN nanostructures. We have shown that the incorporation of gallium is very temperature-dependent, giving rise to nanowires made of a highly inhomogeneous alloy at several scales (from nanometer to a hundred nanometers). These inhomogeneities strongly influence the optical properties, dominated by localized states. Altogether these results allow us to propose a growth mechanism of these nanowires. Concerning BN materials, comparison of the properties of nanostructures with those of the bulk material (hexagonal BN) has been carried out. After that h-BN bulk has been further investigated, we have revealed that nanosheets with more than 6 monolayers present a luminescence similar to h-BN. This indicates a low influence of dimensional reduction in h-BN, contrary to the case of nanowires made of other nitrides. Finally we have shown that the main nanotubes investigated in this work, which are multiwall, have a complex structure that is micro-faceted, and that the defects are likely responsible of the observed luminescence
Zhong, Wenli. "Préparation de matériaux à base de nitrure de bore pour des applications 'énergie'." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20186.
Full textEnergy developments have brought hexagonal boron nitride-based materials increasing interest for future materials and technologies. The objective of this thesis concerns the preparation of BN shapes for energy applications including fiber-reinforced BN composites, BN-based nanocomposites and BN foams. Fiber-reinforced BN composite and BN nanocomposites display potential as tiles for protection limiters for the Ion Cyclotron Range Frequency antennas in fusion nuclear reactors. Porous BN materials have interests as host material for hydrogen storage and as catalyst supports. The Polymer-Derived Ceramics route which offers new preparation opportunities in chemistry and ceramic sciences is applied to manufacture shaped BN-based materials.Firstly, in the context of C/BN composite, polyborazylene vacuum-assisted infiltration and pyrolysis process was successfully introduced. We focused on the design, elaboration and properties of the C/BN composite through the study of the (1) synthesis and polymerization of borazine, (2) the polyborazylene-to-boron nitride conversion, (3) the morphological texture and mechanical properties of derived C/BN composites. We firstly demonstrated that it is possible to obtain dense-derived C/BN composites (density: 1.773 g cm-3, open porosity: 5.09%) by tuning the viscosity of polyborazylene in the infiltration process. SEM observation presented a very strong bonding between fibers and matrix. TGA under air analysis confirmed the improved oxidation resistance property of C/BN composite compared with C fiber.Secondly, we investigated the design, processing, and properties of transition metal-containing boron nitride nanocomposites from polymetalloborazine. With proper choice of boron nitride precursor, and by controlling the B/M ratio (M = Ti, Zr, Hf), a set of representative polymetalloborazines has been prepared as precursors of nanocomposites. In the reaction of BN source with metal precursor leading to polymetalloborazines, two main mechanisms are mainly concerned: N-H and B-H units of BN percursor react with N-alkyl groups presented in metal precursors. After its pyrolysis under ammonia up to 1000 oC then nitrogen from 1000 to 1500oC, the derived nanocomposites reveal the presence of metal nitride nanocrystales with an average diameter of 6.5 nm homogeneously embedded in a poorly crystallized boron nitride matrix. A preliminary study is presented on the preparation of monolith-type nanocomposites from selected polytitanoborazines. Finally, we applied two PDCs route-based strategies to prepare hierarchically porous and micro cellular BN foams. In the first strategy, monolith-type BN foams with a hierarchical porosity were synthesized from polyborazylene using an integrative chemistry combined-based sequence set-up that consists of the impregnation of silica and carbonaceous templates followed by pyrolysis process and elimination of the template. These novel porous BN architectures display hierarchical and high porosity (76 %) with an open-cell interconnected macroporosity and a surface area up to 300 m2g-1. In the second strategy, a sacrificial processing route has been proposed to fabricate micro cellular BN foams with a porosity of 79 % from a mixture of polyborazylene and poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microbeads by warm-pressing followed by pyrolysis consisting of the burn-out of PMMA while polyborazylene is converted into BN. These novel BN foams display potential as catalyst supports and host material for hydrogen storage
Carole, Davy. "Synthèse de nitrure de titane par combustion autopropagée." Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20141.
Full textVuong, Phuong. "Optical spectroscopy of boron nitride heterostructures." Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS075/document.
Full textHexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a wide bandgap (~ 6 eV) semiconductor with a very high thermal and chemical stability often used in devices operating under extreme conditions. The indirect nature of the bandgap in h-BN is investigated by both theoretical calculations and experiments. An indirect excion and phonon-assisted reombinations in h-BN are observed in photoluminescene spectroscopy.This thesis focus on the optical properties of bulk and epilayers of h-BN. We investigated samples from different sources grown different methods in order to confirm the intrinsic optical properties of h-BN. We report the impact of the phonon symmetry on the optical response of h-BN by performing polarization-resolved PL measurements. From them, we will measure the contribution of all the phonon-assisted recombination which was not detected before this thesis. We follow by addressing the origin of the fine structure of the phonon-assisted recombinations in h-BN. It arises from overtones involving up to six low-energy interlayer shear phonon modes, with a characteristic energy of about 6.8 meV.Raman and photoluminescence measurements are recorded to quantify the influence of isotope effects on optical properties of h-BN as well as the modifications of van de Waals interactions linked to utilization of 10B and 11B or natural Boron for the growth of bulk h-BN crystals.Finally, we study h-BN thin epilayers grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy at Nottingham University, atomic force microscopy (AFM) images and photoluminescence features are combined to confirm the first observation of phonon-assisted recombination in high quality thin h-BN epilayers grown on c-plane sapphire and Highly Ordered Pyrolitic Graphite. This demontrates that large scale growth of h-BN by epitaxy is getting a technologically required maturity
Henni, Younes. "Etudes magnéto-Raman de systèmes - graphène multicouches et hétérostructures de graphène-nitrure de bore." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAY060/document.
Full textAs the fourth most abundant element in the universe, Carbon plays an important rolein the emerging of life in earth as we know it today. The industrial era has seen this element at the heart of technological applications due to the different ways in which carbon forms chemical bonds, giving rise to a series of allotropes each with extraordinary physical properties. For instance, the most thermodynamically stable allotrope of carbon, graphite crystal, is known to be a very good electrical conductor, while diamond very appreciated for its hardness and thermal conductivity is nevertheless considered as an electrical insulator due to different crystallographic structure compared to graphite. The advances in scientific research have shown that crystallographic considerations are not the only determining factor for such a variety in the physical properties of carbon based structures. Recent years have seen the emergence of new allotropes of carbon structures that are stable at ambient conditions but with reduced dimensionality, resulting in largely different properties compared to the three dimensional structures. Among these new classes of carbon allotropes is the first two-dimensional material: graphene.The successful isolation of monolayers of graphene challenged a long established belief in the scientific community: the fact that purely 2D materials cannot exist at ambient conditions. The Landau-Peierls instability theorem states that purely 2D materials are very unstable due to increasing thermal fluctuations when the material in question extends in both dimensions. To minimize its energy, the material will break into coagulated islands, an effect known as island growth. Graphene happens to overcome such barrier by forming continuous ripples on the surface of its substrate and thus is stable even at room temperature and atmospheric pressure.A great intention from the scientific community has been given to graphene, since 2004. Both fundamental and mechanical properties of graphene are fascinating. Thanks to its carbon atoms that are packed in a sp2 hybridized fashion, thus forming a hexagonal lattice structure, graphene has the largest young modulus and stretching power, yet it is hundreds of times stronger than steel. It conducts heat and electricity very efficiently, achieving an electron mobility as high as 107 cm−2V−1 s−1 when suspended over the substrate. The most fascinating aspect about graphene is the nature of its low energy charge carriers. Indeed, graphene has a linear energy dispersion at the charge neutrality, giving the charge carriers in graphene a relativistic nature. Many phenomena observed in this material are consequences of this relativistic nature of its carriers. Ballistic transport, universal optical conductivity, absence of back-scattering, and a new class of room temperaturequantum Hall effect are good examples of newly discovered phenomena in thismaterial. Graphene has become an active research area in condensed matter physics since 2004. It is however still early to state that all the physical properties of this material are well understood. In this thesis we conducted magneto-Raman spectroscopy experiments to address some of the open questions in the physics of graphene, such as the effect of electron-electron coupling on the energy spectrum of monolayer graphene, and the change in the physical properties of multilayer graphene as a function of the crystallographic stacking order. In all our experiments, the graphene-based systems have been subject to strong continuous magnetic fields, applied normal to the graphene layers. We study the evolution of its energy excitation spectra in the presence of the magnetic field, and also the coupling between these excitations and specific vibrational modes that are already in the system. This experimental approach allows us to deduce the band structure of the studied system at zero field, as well as many other lowenergy properties
Malhouitre, Stéphane. "Etude et réalisation de couches minces de nitrure de bore par dépôt ionique réactif." Limoges, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LIMO0010.
Full textTran, Van Truong. "Propriétés électroniques et thermoélectriques des hétérostructures planaires de graphène et de nitrure de bore." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SACLS133/document.
Full textGraphene is a fascinating 2-dimensional material exhibiting outstanding electronic, thermal and mechanical properties. Is this expected to have a huge potential for a wide range of applications, in particular in electronics. However, this material also suffers from a strong drawback for most electronic devices due to the gapless character of its band structure, which makes it difficult to switch off the current. For thermoelectric applications, the high thermal conductance of this material is also a strong limitation. Hence, many challenges have to be taken up to make it useful for actual applications. This thesis work focuses on the theoretical investigation of a new strategy to modulate and control the properties of graphene that consists in assembling in-plane heterostructures of graphene and Boron Nitride (BN). It allows us to tune on a wide range the bandgap, the thermal conductance and the Seebeck coefficient of the resulting hybrid nanomaterial. The work is performed using atomistic simulations based on tight binding (TB), force constant (FC) models for electrons and phonons, respectively, coupled with the Green's function formalism for transport calculation. The results show that thanks to the tunable bandgap, it is possible to design graphene/BN based transistors exhibiting high on/off current ratio in the range 10⁴-10⁵. We also predict the existence hybrid quantum states at the zigzag interface between graphene and BN with appealing electron transport. Finally this work shows that by designing properly a graphene ribbon decorated with BN nanoflakes, the phonon conductance is strongly reduced while the bandgap opening leads to significant enhancement of Seebeck coefficient. It results in a thermoelectric figure of merit ZT larger than one at room temperature
Goeuriot, Dominique. "Réactivité, frittage et caractérisation de céramiques dans les systèmes alumine-oxynitrure d'aluminium gamma et nitrure de bore." Lyon 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LYO19045.
Full textPlaud, Alexandre. "Excitons dans le nitrure de bore lamellaire : étude des phases hexagonale, rhomboédrique et d’hétérostructures 2D." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST002.
Full textHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is a lamellar wide indirect bandgap semiconductor (> 6 eV). The other lamellar boron nitride phase is rhombohedral (rBN), but much less known and studied. The goal of this thesis is the study of the excitons source of the luminescence of both phases and of 2D heterostructures, where hBN is used in combination with other 2D materials in vertical stacks.The study of hBN excitons properties is performed on a reference sample synthesized by high pressure and high temperature in Japan. Excitons binding energy as well as hBN internal quantum yield are quantitatively assessed by cathodoluminescence spectroscopy. The observed anomaly between absorption and luminescence is resolved thanks to the identification of the role of direct and indirect excitons respectively. At high excitation, hBN luminescence efficiency decreases limited by exciton-exciton annihilation. This phenomenon is especially efficient in this material.Combined with a structural characterization, the Raman and luminescence spectroscopic signature of the rhombohedral phase are identified. This allowed the analysis of the properties of chemically synthesized thin films (CVD).The last part of this thesis is devoted to the study of a 2D heterostructure hBN/MoX2/hBN where X = S or Se. An exhaustive characterization of the luminescence, vibrational and structural properties is carried out on all the components. Analyses are performed in both flat view and cross-section thanks to the cutting of a thin lamella by focused ion beam. Preliminary results on excitons diffusion and interface excitons are presented
Postole, Georgeta. "Le nitrure : un nouveau support en catalyse." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10106.
Full textLonnoy, Laurence. "Synthèse et caractérisation physico-chimique de poudres de nitrure d'aluminium." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10023.
Full textSerin, Virginie. "Caractérisation d'éléments de matériaux composites, fibres de carbone et nitrure de bore en microscopie électronique." Toulouse 3, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOU30043.
Full textCoudurier, Nicolas. "Contribution à l'épitaxie des nitrures d'aluminium et de bore par dépôt chimique en phase vapeur à haute température." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994936.
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