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Journal articles on the topic 'Nitrure de chrome (CrN)'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Málek, Václav, Totka Bakalova, Pavel Kejzlar, Petr Louda, and Zuzana Andršová. "Tribological Properties and the Abrasion Resistance Thin Films of Chromium Nitride." Defect and Diffusion Forum 368 (July 2016): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.368.73.

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Chrome nitride (CrN) and CrN/Cr thin films were grown on EN ISO HS6-5-2 tool steel, which has been used as a substrate material. It is a high-speed Mo-W steel with high toughness. Chrome nitride thin films were deposited using a RF PA CVD/Magnetron Sputtering (MS) system at a gas flow ratio of 15/13 sccm of Ar/N2. During the deposition process the pressure in the vacuum chamber was 0.9 Pa, the deposition Ubias and deposition time were different. The parameters of the process influence properties of the thin films were microstructure, hardness and adhesion to the substrate, etc. Optimal selecti
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2

Galvin, A., C. Brockett, S. Williams, et al. "Comparison of wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cups against surface-engineered femoral heads." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 222, no. 7 (2008): 1073–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544119jeim407.

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Alumina ceramic heads have been previously shown to reduce polyethylene wear in comparison to cobalt chrome (CoCr) heads in artificial hip joints. However, there are concerns about the brittle nature of ceramics. It is therefore of interest to investigate ceramic-like coatings on metallic heads. The aim of this study was to compare the friction and wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) against alumina ceramic, CoCr, and surface-engineered ceramic-like coatings in a friction simulator and a hip joint simulator. All femoral heads tested were 28 mm diameter and included: Biolo
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3

Williams, S., J. L. Tipper, E. Ingham, M. H. Stone, and J. Fisher. "In vitro analysis of the wear, wear debris and biological activity of surface-engineered coatings for use in metal-on-metal total hip replacements." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 217, no. 3 (2003): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095441103765212659.

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Extremely low wear rates have been reported for metal-on-metal total hip replacements, but concerns remain about the effects of metal ion release, dissolution rates and toxicity. Surface-engineered coatings have the potential to improve wear resistance and reduce the biological activity of the wear debris produced. The aim of this study was to examine the wear and wear debris generation from surface-engineered coatings: titanium nitride (TiN), chromium nitride (CrN) and chromium carbon nitride (CrCN) applied to a cobalt-chrome alloy (CoCr) substrate. The coatings were articulated against thems
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4

Han, Liang, Liang He, and De Lian Liu. "The Effect of Chromium, Titanium and Aluminum on the Friction Coefficient and Wear Property in the Nitride Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 531-532 (December 2012): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.531-532.49.

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A serious of nitride coatings including chromium, titanium and aluminum are deposited on the glass and stainless steel by Closed-Field unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The friction coefficient is measured by tribolometer and the wear traces of the coatings can be studied by the optical micrographs, those indicate that the friction coefficients of TiN、 CrN、TiAlN、CrAlN and CrTiAlN decrease sequentially as well as the anti-wear of the coatings can be enhanced. According to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis for the coatings, aluminum nitride can be indentified in the nitride coatings with
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5

Duranton, P., J. Devaux, M. Larreur, R. Fortunier, and J. M. Bergheau. "Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the nitriding process." Journal de Physique IV 120 (December 2004): 777–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jp4:2004120090.

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This paper presents a three-dimensional numerical simulation of a nitriding process applied to an industrial component. The aim of the simulation is to predict the residual stresses and distortions due to volume changes induced by chromium nitride (CrN) and carbides (M23C6 et M4C3) formation. The simulation is performed in two steps. The diffusion of nitrogen and the precipitation of chrome nitride and carbides are first simulated. Then stresses and strains are calculated, assuming an elastic behaviour of the component, and using a volume expansion due to the precipitate concentration. The pro
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6

Lawson, T. R., S. A. Catledge, and Yogesh K. Vohra. "Nanostructured Diamond Coated CoCrMo Alloys for Use in Biomedical Implants." Key Engineering Materials 284-286 (April 2005): 1015–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.1015.

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A wide variety of materials are currently under consideration for use in biomedical implants. Within the scope of certain implants is the need to withstand extensive wear created by repeated use and pressure on high stress joints. Substantial research is directed toward metal-onmetal technology and cobalt chrome molybdenum (CoCrMo) is a prime candidate given its longevity [1]. Wear-resistant surface coatings for the standard CoCrMo biomedical alloy may be a simple and effective way to extend implant lifetime. In this study, we show that an initial plasma nitriding step for CoCrMo alloy is bene
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7

Li, Zeng Xin, Guo Ming Wang, and Qiang Liang. "The Comparison of Three Recycling Processes of Copper Chromite Spent Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 599 (November 2012): 566–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.599.566.

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Three technologies of recycling copper chromite spent catalysts from furfuryl production by furfural hydrogenization were developed. After the organic species was removed from the solid waste by vacuum pressure distillation at 130°C, the resultant solid waste catalyst was mixed with soda ash, followed by roasting, leaching and removing silicon in a reverberating furnace to obtain sodium chromate. Dissolving the cupric oxide in soda ash solution to remove chrome and then dissolving it in nitric acid, cupric nitrate can be obtained. A certain proportion of such sodium chromate and cupric nitrate
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8

Bozyazı, E., M. Ürgen, and Ali Fuat Çakır. "Comparison of reciprocating wear behaviour of electrolytic hard chrome and arc-PVD CrN coatings." Wear 256, no. 7-8 (2004): 832–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0043-1648(03)00523-4.

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9

Chang, Qi Bing, Xia Wang, Yong Qing Wang, Jian Er Zhou, and Xiao Zhen Zhang. "Particle Size and Chroma Control of CoAl2O4 Pigment." Key Engineering Materials 655 (July 2015): 220–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.655.220.

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To meet the requirement of ceramic pigment for ink jet printing, CoAl2O4 pigment was prepared by nitrate-glycine method. The effect of nitrate/glycine ratio, calcination temperature and organic sacrificial agent on the particle size and chroma of the blue pigment were considered. The results show that the particle size of the pigment increases with the increase of glycine in the ratio and the decrease of the calcination temperature. However, the increase of the calcination temperature results in the broadening of the particle size distribution of the pigment. The addition of the organic sacrif
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10

Oglu Abbasov, E. O. "Analysis of Capacity and Phase Composition of Chromotitanazing Surface." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, no. 2 (2015): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.2.379-382.

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The article deals with the investigation of phase composition and capacity of chromotitanazing surface of steel of 25X5MA. Components made of steel with the coatings applied ШХ-15 and 12XH3A were taken as comparison. Absence phase of coatings Cr23C6 and Cr7C3 on the surface layer was determined.
 Main phase of the layer is textured structure of Nitride chrome Cr2N. As compared with diffusion coatings applied Ion plasma coatings do not provide bearing capacity of components at their low thickness.
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11

Liu, Ting, and Bo Quan Jiang. "Process Modeling of CuO/Zeolite Preparation for CODCr Removal from Acid Bright Red GR Wastewater." Applied Mechanics and Materials 727-728 (January 2015): 87–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.727-728.87.

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The study on CuO/zeolite preparation for CODr removal from acid bright red GR wastewater was carried out. The optimal process parameters,with zeolite/copper nitrate solution ratio of 1:4 g/mL, copper nitrate solution concentration of 1.0mol/L, calcining temperature of 400°Cand calcining time of 5 h, were determined by single test method .The CuO/zeolite prepared under the optimal conditions obtained high CODCr and chroma removal rates with more than 87%and 99,9%,respectively.The process model of CuO/zeolite preparation was established by response surface methodology. The model was proved to be
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12

Vlachou, Evangelia-Eirini, Thomas Balalas, Dimitra Hadjipavlou-Litina, and Konstantinos Litinas. "4-Amino-2-(p-tolyl)-7H-chromeno[5,6-d]oxazol-7-one." Molbank 2021, no. 2 (2021): M1237. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1237.

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The new 4-amino-2-(p-tolyl)-7H-chromeno[5,6-d]oxazol-7-one was successfully prepared through the Au/TiO2-catalyzed NaBH4 activation and chemoselective reduction of the new 4-nitro-2-(p-tolyl)-7H-chromeno[5,6-d]oxazol-7-one. The latter was synthesized by the one-pot tandem reactions of 6-hydroxy-5,7-dinitrocoumarin with p-tolylmethanol under Au/TiO2 catalysis. The dinitrocoumarin was obtained by the nitration of 6-hydroxycoumarin with cerium ammonium nitrate (CAN). The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by FT-IR, HR-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR analysis. Preliminary biological tests
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13

Searl, Alison, and Sharon Rankin. "A preliminary petrographic study of the Chilean nitrates." Geological Magazine 130, no. 3 (1993): 319–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800020008.

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AbstractThe nitrate deposits of the northern Atacama Desert occurin a narrow zone between the low-lying Pampa del Tamarugal to the east and the hills of the Coastal Range to the west. High purity nitrate ore occurs as stratiform seams about 20 cm thick, present at depths of 3–7 m below thedesert surface. The ore is hosted by a variety of lithologies and overlain by salt-cemented regolith. The ore is largely composed of nitratite (= sodanitre or Chilean salt peter) and halite with locally abundant humberstonite, polyhalite and mirabilite. Other salts present include Ca iodates and a variety of
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14

Nerenberg, R., and B. E. Rittmann. "Hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor for reduction of perchlorate and other oxidized contaminants." Water Science and Technology 49, no. 11-12 (2004): 223–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0847.

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Many oxidized pollutants, such as nitrate, perchlorate, bromate, and chlorinated solvents, can be microbially reduced to less toxic or less soluble forms. For drinking water treatment, an electron donor must be added. Hydrogen is an ideal electron donor, as it is non-toxic, inexpensive, and sparsely soluble. We tested a hydrogen-based, hollow-fiber membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) for reduction of perchlorate, bromate, chlorate, chlorite, chromate, selenate, selenite, and dichloromethane. The influent included 5 mg/L nitrate or 8 mg/L oxygen as a primary electron accepting substrate, plus 1 mg/
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15

Ling, Yu, Guokai Yan, Haiyan Wang, et al. "Release Mechanism, Secondary Pollutants and Denitrification Performance Comparison of Six Kinds of Agricultural Wastes as Solid Carbon Sources for Nitrate Removal." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 3 (2021): 1232. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031232.

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Agricultural wastes used as denitrification carbon sources have some drawbacks such as excessive organic carbon release and unclear release characteristics of nitrogen, phosphorus, and chromatic substances, which can cause adverse effects on the effluent quality during the denitrification process. The composition and surface characteristics, carbon release mechanisms, and secondary pollutant release properties of six kinds of agricultural wastes, i.e., rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), corn stalk (CS), corncob (CC), soybean stalk (SS), and soybean hull (SH) were studied and analyzed in this r
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16

KILIÇ, Arzu, Serden BAŞAK, Kevser CIRIK, et al. "İçme Sularından Nitrat Gideriminde İkincil Kirleticilerin Denitrifikasyona Etkisi / The Effect of Co-Contaminant on Denitrification Removal of Nitrate in Drinking Water." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 1, no. 4 (2013): 475. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v1i4.83.

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Son yıllarda tarımda bilinçsizce kullanılan azotlu gübreler ve arıtılmadan deşarj edilen atıksular yeraltısularında nitrat kirliliğinin artmasına neden olmuştur. Geçmişteki çalışmalar birçok ülkede yeraltısuyunda nitrat konsantrasyonunun hızında artış olduğunu göstermektedir. Ülkemizde yeraltısularının ve kullanılabilir içme suyu kaynaklarının kirlilik haritası henüz çıkarılmış değildir. Yapılan bölgesel çalışmalarda ülkemizdeki kaynakların da hızlı bir şekilde kirlendiği görülmektedir. Şanlıurfa, Harran ovasında, Akdeniz kıyı bölgelerinde yapılan çalışmalarda kuyularda nitrat konsantrasyonun
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17

Sayahi, Mohammad Hosein, Mahtab Yadollahi, Samir M. Hamad, et al. "Bi Metal–Organic Framework (Ce/Ni–BTC) as Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Green Synthesis of Substituted Chromeno[4, 3–b]quinolone under Solvent Free Condition." Current Organic Synthesis 18, no. 5 (2021): 475–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570179418666210122100240.

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Aims: Novel bi metal organic framework (b–MOF) is synthesized and used as a heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of chromeno[4, 3–b]quinolone derivatives via one-pot and solvent-free, four-component reaction of dimedone, aromatic aldehydes, 4–hydroxycoumarin and ammonium acetate at 110°C. Background: b–MOFs can be used as a heterogeneous catalyst in the synthesis of many organic compounds. The active and multi-purpose sites in b–MOFs provide a varied function in their catalytic applications. In this paper, reductive CES method is applied for the synthesis of Ce0.47/Ni0.53–BTC b–MOF. The re
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18

Maale, Gerhard, Daniel Mohammadi, Nicole Kennard, and Aniruth Srinivasaraghavan. "Early Failures of Total Knee Patients with Nickel Allergies Secondary to Carbon Fiber Debris." Open Orthopaedics Journal 14, no. 1 (2020): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325002014010161.

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Aim: Currently, there are not many studies on the long-term outcomes of the specific implants used in patients with metal hypersensitivities. The purpose of this study is to report a significant number of TKA revision failures with the CFR-PEEK prosthetic knee implant with an anatomic hinge. Background: Patients can experience multiple issues following a primary Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA). A growing body of research is finding a correlation between primary TKA failure and metal hypersensitivity, most commonly with nickel and cobalt. Because of this, knee prosthetics are being made from hypo
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19

Sifola, Maria Isabella, Linda Carrino, Eugenio Cozzolino, Sara Ianuario, Andrea Lucibelli, and Adele Coppola. "A Survey of Fertility Program Responses of Kentucky Dark Fire-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Yield and Quality for Cigars Manufacture in the Benevento Province (Southern Italy)." Beiträge zur Tabakforschung International/Contributions to Tobacco Research 28, no. 1 (2018): 14–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cttr-2018-0003.

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SummaryNitrogen (N) fertilization of Kentucky dark fire-cured tobacco can be used to increase weight of high quality cured leaves for cigar manufacture. We conducted field experiments at 11 different locations in the province of Benevento (Southern Italy) where the following four N treatments were compared: 1) unfertilized control (N0); 2) a site-specific N rate, calculated by a N fertilization plan (NFP) based on physical and chemical soil characteristics, which ranged between 113 and 145 kg N ha−1; 3) 200 kg N ha−1 (rate commonly used by farmers, N200); 4) 100 kg N ha−1 (half of the rate com
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20

Biftu, Wondwosen Kebede, M. Suneetha, and Kunta Ravindhranath. "Sequential adsorptive removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water using active carbon derived from stems of Carissa carandas plant." Water Practice and Technology, November 16, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wpt.2020.102.

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Abstract Sulphuric acid-generated active carbon from stems of Carissa carandas plant is investigated successfully as an adsorbent for the sequential removal of phosphate, nitrate and chromate from polluted water. Controlling parameters are investigated and optimized for the maximum removal of the pollutants. At pH: 7, phosphate and nitrate can be simultaneously removed, while at pH: 2, chromate can be sequentially removed from the admixtures of the three pollutants. The active carbon is characterized using FTIR, FESEM and EDX. Sorption mechanisms are investigated using various adsorption isoth
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21

Edmundson, C., A. Cassens, G. Mafi, et al. "Consumer Perception Towards the Enhanced Color of Atypical Dark-Cutting Beef by Nitrite-Embedded Packaging." Meat and Muscle Biology 3, no. 2 (2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.22175/mmb.10705.

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ObjectivesMeat color is often seen by consumers as an indicator of freshness and wholesomeness. Nitrite-embedded (NE) packaging forms nitric oxide myoglobin, which imparts a bright red color similar to oxymyoglobin. However, limited research has determined the effects of NE packaging to improve the appearance of atypically dark cutting beef. Consumers’ perception of NE packaging ultimately determines its success in the market. Educating consumers through infographics can transfer knowledge more effectively than text alone, potentially being a useful method to introduce and simplify the complex
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22

Сhayka, O. M., and T. B. Peretyatko. "The reduction of hexavalent chromium and nitrates by Desulfuromonas YSDS-3, isolated from the soil of Yasiv sulfur mine." Ecology and Noospherology 29, no. 2 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/031813.

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Such compounds as compounds of hexavalent chromium, nitrates and nitrites are one of the most distributed pollutants of the environment. The compounds of Cr (VI) are found in the soil, water and territories adjacent to mining enterprises in elevated concentrations. The hexavalent chromium has toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effect on living forms. Some sulfur-reducing bacteria are attractable for scientists attention like potential purification agentsto clear the wastewater from organic and inorganic pollutants. In this way,the purpose of our work is to study the patterns of the reduction of
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