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1

Chauret, Christian, and Roger Knowles. "Effect of tungsten on nitrate and nitrite reductases in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 37, no. 10 (1991): 744–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m91-128.

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Tungstate, at concentrations that completely suppressed nitrate reductase activity in Paracoccus denitrificans, caused only partial inhibition of nitrate reductase in Azospirillum brasilense Sp7. Nitrate reductase activity in cell-free extracts was much more sensitive than whole cells to tungstate, suggesting that there may be a barrier to its transport. Nitrite reductase activity was partially inhibited by tungstate in both whole cells and cell-free extracts. Azospirillum brasilense apparently scavenged enough contaminating molybdenum from molybdenum-limited medium to allow maximum nitrate re
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2

Wu, Qitu, and Roger Knowles. "Cellular regulation of nitrate uptake in denitrifying Flexibacter canadensis." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 40, no. 7 (1994): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m94-092.

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Nitrate uptake and its regulation were investigated using an ion-specific nitrate electrode for denitrifying Flexibacter canadensis under anaerobic conditions. Glucose supported a greater rate of nitrate uptake than did glycerol, glutamate, lactose, cellobiose, or ethanol. Nitrate uptake closely approximated Michaelis–Menten kinetics; the estimated Ks(glucose) and apparent Km(nitrate) for nitrate uptake were 21 and 44 μM, respectively. Nitrate disappearance was correlated with nitrite accumulation, and nitrate had an inhibitory effect on nitrite reduction. Oxygen inhibition of nitrate uptake i
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3

Chauret, Christian, Wilfredo L. Barraquio, and Roger Knowles. "Molybdenum incorporation in denitrifying Azospirillum brasilense Sp7." Canadian Journal of Microbiology 38, no. 10 (1992): 1042–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/m92-171.

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Nondenaturating disc gel electrophoresis revealed that 99Mo was incorporated into the nitrate reductase of Azospirillum brasilense grown in the absence but not in the presence of tungstate. Under denitrifying conditions, A. brasilense grown in tungsten-free medium steadily accumulated 99Mo for 12 h. In contrast, Paracoccus denitrificans grown under the same conditions ceased uptake after 1 h. However, both bacteria were incapable of accumulating significant amounts of 99Mo in media containing 10 mM tungstate, even though nitrate was reduced by A. brasilense. Aerobically grown A. brasilense cel
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4

Afshar, Sepideh, Christopher Kim, Harold G. Monbouquette, and Imke Schröder. "Effect of Tungstate on Nitrate Reduction by the Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Pyrobaculum aerophilum." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64, no. 8 (1998): 3004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.64.8.3004-3008.1998.

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ABSTRACT Pyrobaculum aerophilum, a hyperthermophilic archaeon, can respire either with low amounts of oxygen or anaerobically with nitrate as the electron acceptor. Under anaerobic growth conditions, nitrate is reduced via the denitrification pathway to molecular nitrogen. This study demonstrates that P. aerophilumrequires the metal oxyanion WO4 2− for its anaerobic growth on yeast extract, peptone, and nitrate as carbon and energy sources. The addition of 1 μM MoO4 2−did not replace WO4 2− for the growth ofP. aerophilum. However, cell growth was completely inhibited by the addition of 100 μM
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5

Takahashi, Junichi, Nobuyuki Johchi, and Hiroshi Fujita. "Inhibitory effects of sulphur compounds, copper and tungsten on nitrate reduction by mixed rumen micro-organisms." British Journal of Nutrition 61, no. 3 (1989): 741–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19890159.

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1. The inhibitory effects of inorganic and organic sulphur-containing compounds, copper and tungsten on nitrate reduction by mixed rumen micro-organisms were investigated in two in vitro studies.2. Coarsely strained rumen fluid from nitrate-adapted (Expt 1) or non-adapted (Expt 2) Suffolk Down wethers maintained on lucerne (Medicago sativa) cubes was used as an inoculum. In Expt 1, anaerobic incubation was carried out for 24 h for each medium supplemented with 10 mM-sodium nitrate and the following chemicals: 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8 and 10 mM-sodium sulphide, 1 and 10 mM-sodium sulphite, 1 and 10 mM-
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6

Zhang, Cheng, Shi-Bo Wang, Zhao-Xia Chen, Jin-Xuan Fan, Zhen-Lin Zhong, and Xian-Zheng Zhang. "A tungsten nitride-based degradable nanoplatform for dual-modal image-guided combinatorial chemo-photothermal therapy of tumors." Nanoscale 11, no. 4 (2019): 2027–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr09064e.

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7

Seelmann, Carola S., Max Willistein, Johann Heider, and Matthias Boll. "Tungstoenzymes: Occurrence, Catalytic Diversity and Cofactor Synthesis." Inorganics 8, no. 8 (2020): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics8080044.

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Tungsten is the heaviest element used in biological systems. It occurs in the active sites of several bacterial or archaeal enzymes and is ligated to an organic cofactor (metallopterin or metal binding pterin; MPT) which is referred to as tungsten cofactor (Wco). Wco-containing enzymes are found in the dimethyl sulfoxide reductase (DMSOR) and the aldehyde:ferredoxin oxidoreductase (AOR) families of MPT-containing enzymes. Some depend on Wco, such as aldehyde oxidoreductases (AORs), class II benzoyl-CoA reductases (BCRs) and acetylene hydratases (AHs), whereas others may incorporate either Wco
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8

Upadhyay, R. K., and L. A. Kumaraswamidhas. "Tungsten/tungsten nitride performance at elevated temperature." Materials at High Temperatures 31, no. 2 (2014): 102–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1878641314y.0000000003.

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9

Lin, Jun, Atsuhiro Tsukune, Toshiya Suzuki, and Masao Yamada. "Conversion of tungsten nitride to pure tungsten." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 16, no. 2 (1998): 611–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.581077.

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10

Horník, Jakub, David Tondl, Pavel Sachr, Evgenyi Anisimov, Maxim Puchnin, and Tomas Chraska. "The Effect of PVD Tungsten-Based Coatings on Improvement of Hardness and Wear Resistance." Key Engineering Materials 606 (March 2014): 163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.606.163.

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This article deals with the analysis and evaluation of coatings applications made by Physical vapour deposition on ceramics substrates. Main focus is on the application of tungsten and tungsten nitride coatings for functionally graded materials (FGM). The article focuses on analysis and evaluation of tungsten and tungsten nitride coatings with ceramics substrates. Firstly suitable deposition parameters of W and WN coatings, prepared by magnetron sputtering, were tested. Test coatings on tool steel substrate exhibited high adhesion and good mechanical and technological properties. Both tungsten
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11

Mukhamejanova, Akmaral, Zerekbay Alikulov, Bakyt Tuganova, and Zhanna Adamzhanova. "The xanthine oxidase and its associated activities in the ovine milk and liver: distinctive in impact of in vivo molybdenum." Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences 15 (July 12, 2021): 632–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5219/1665.

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Xanthine oxidase is molybdenum and iron-containing flavoprotein, catalyzing the final oxidation stage of purines and oxidative transformation of pterins and some aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes. Despite the importance of this enzyme, the distribution of xanthine oxidase in traditional household animal’s milk and tissues is unknown. Formerly, we have found most of the xanthine oxidase molecules in animal milk are inactive because of a lack of molybdenum. Ovine milk was processed by inserting in vivo molybdenum (tungsten) into drinking water. We gave opposite dates in the presence of tungsten t
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12

Welham, N. J. "Room temperature reduction of scheelite (CaWO4)." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 2 (1999): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0088.

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A mixture of scheelite and magnesium has been mechanically milled together for 100 h, either with graphite or in a nitrogen atmosphere, with the intention of forming tungsten carbide or nitride. The resultant powders were examined by thermal analysis, isothermal annealing, and x-ray diffraction to determine the effect of milling on the reduction of scheelite. With graphite, nanocrystallite W2C was the exclusive tungsten product; WC was not detected even after annealing at 1000 °C. No nitride formed in the system milled with nitrogen; however, 10 nm crystallites of elemental tungsten were forme
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13

Lee, Cheng-Shih, Edward-Yi Chang, Li Chang, Chao-Yi Fang, Yao-Lin Huang, and Jian-Sheng Huang. "Study of Titanium Tungsten Nitride and Tungsten Nitride Schottky Contacts on n-GaN." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 42, Part 1, No. 7A (2003): 4193–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.42.4193.

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14

Nagai, M., and H. Nakaya. "CVD Synthesis of Tungsten Nitride and lts Deposition Behavior." Materials Science Forum 554 (August 2007): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.554.65.

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The synthesis and deposition behavior of tungsten nitrides on a Si(400) or quartz plate were studied using a vertical hot-wall tube reactor. The preparation of the tungsten nitride by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is predicted by the sticking probability of tungsten nitride by calculating the step coverage on the Si(400) engraved with a microtrench of different aspect ratios. The CVD deposition was performed at temperatures of 556–1063 K for deposition times up to 45 min in a gas mixture of WF6–NH3–H2 in Ar and at a total pressures of 5 and 13 Pa. From the XRD analysis, amorphous crystallite
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15

Shen, Bin, Fang Hong Sun, and Guo Dong Yang. "Study on the Friction Behavior of HFCVD Diamond Films on Silicon Nitride Substrates." Advanced Materials Research 135 (October 2010): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.135.143.

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The friction behaviors of CVD diamond films on silicon nitride substrates are investigated comparing with the uncoated silicon nitride samples. Two types of CVD diamond films, namely MCD and NCD films, are deposited on the silicon nitride substrates using HFCVD method, and then SEM, while light interferometer, XRD and Raman spectra are employed to characterize as-deposited diamond films. The friction tests are carried out in a ball-on-plate reciprocating friction tester, with ball-bearing steel, copper, tungsten carbide and tungsten carbide as the counterpart materials. The results show that t
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16

Ren, Tie, R�al Roy, and Roger Knowles. "Production and Consumption of Nitric Oxide by Three Methanotrophic Bacteria." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 9 (2000): 3891–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.9.3891-3897.2000.

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ABSTRACT We studied nitrogen oxide production and consumption by methanotrophs Methylobacter luteus (group I),Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b (group II), and an isolate from a hardwood swamp soil, here identified by 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing as Methylobacter sp. strain T20 (group I). All could consume nitric oxide (nitrogen monoxide, NO), and produce small amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O). OnlyMethylobacter strain T20 produced large amounts of NO (>250 parts per million by volume [ppmv] in the headspace) at specific activities of up to 2.0 � 10−17 mol of NO cell−1 day−1, mostly after
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17

Lee, Chang Woo, and Yong Tae Kim. "Stress relaxation in plasma deposited tungsten nitride/tungsten bilayer." Applied Physics Letters 65, no. 8 (1994): 965–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112163.

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18

Yau, Bao-Shun, Cheng-Wei Chu, Doris Lin, William Lee, Jenq-Gong Duh, and Chih-Hsiung Lin. "Tungsten doped chromium nitride coatings." Thin Solid Films 516, no. 8 (2008): 1877–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2007.10.007.

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19

HASHEMPOUR, MAZDAK, HEKMAT RAZAVIZADEH, HAMID REZA REZAIE, and DORNA HEIDARI. "EFFECTS OF PRECURSOR ROOTED CONTAMINATION IN THE SINTERING AND DENSIFICATION BEHAVIOR OF THERMO-CHEMICALLY MANUFACTURED W-CU NANOCOMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 24, no. 01n02 (2010): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979210064113.

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Tungsten and copper, two metals of complete mutual immiscibility, show a variety of densification behaviors due to the processing condition in the sintering stage. In this regard, the presence of different impurities during the densification process, have different influences on the consolidation of the primary powder. In this work, the effects of impurities introduced to the powder by the precursor salt in a novel thermo-chemical homogeneous co-precipitation method were investigated. Addition of sodium tungstate to the aqueous solution of copper nitrate saturated in aqueous ammonia solution,
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20

Schwarz, Benjamin, Regina E. Hörth, Ewald Bischoff, Ralf E. Schacherl, and Eric J. Mittemeijer. "The Process of Tungsten-Nitride Precipitation upon Nitriding Ferritic Fe-0.5 at.% W Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 334-335 (February 2013): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.334-335.284.

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The precipitation of tungsten nitride upon internal nitriding of ferritic Fe-0.5 at.% W alloy was investigated at 610°C in a flowing NH3/H2 gas mixture. Different tungsten nitrides developed successively; the thermodynamically stable hexagonal δ-WN could not be detected. The state of deformation of the surface plays an important role for the development of tungsten nitride at the surface. The morphologies of the tungsten nitrides developed at the surface and those precipitated at some depth in the specimen are different. The nitride particles at the surface exhibit mostly an equiaxed morpholog
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21

Kodols, Maris, Sabine Didrihsone, Janis Grabis, and Laura Rozenberga-Voska. "The Influence of Different Molten Salt Systems on Zinc and Bismuth Tungstate Formation." Key Engineering Materials 604 (March 2014): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.604.142.

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The influence of different molten salt environments on formation of tungstates has been studied. Well crystalline and pure Bi2WO6 have been prepared in potassium nitrite KNO2 (350°C), potassium chloride KCl (800°C) and mixture of potassium-sodium sulphates K2SO4-Na2SO4 (800°C), but ZnWO4 have been successfully synthesized in sodium nitrate NaNO3 (350°C), mixture of sodium-potassium chlorides NaCl-KCl (680°C), potassium chloride KCl (780°C) and mixture of potassium-sodium sulphates K2SO4-Na2SO4 (850°C). The higher surface area and photocatalytic activity show powders prepared at lower temperatu
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22

Wu, Dan Dan, Shu Ming Wen, Jing Yang, Jiu Shuai Deng, and Jian Liu. "Experimental Study on Floatation of Scheelite Ore of Jiangxi." Advanced Materials Research 868 (December 2013): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.868.429.

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In this study, according to the characteristics of scheelite in run-of-mine, the scheelite was concentrated by adopting the full flotation process with sodium carbonate as regulator agent, sodium silicate as inhibitor for gangue minerals, lead nitrate as activator and ZL pharmacy as collector. 6.15% of the coarse scheelite concentration with tungsten recovery of 96.18% was obtained from the raw ores with grade of 0.86%. The concentration of rough tungsten by heating, by which the high-quality scheelite with tungsten of 62.31% and tungsten concentrate recovery of 93.53% was obtained.
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23

Xu, Qunfang, Senfeng Zhao, Liu Deng, et al. "A NIR-II light responsive hydrogel based on 2D engineered tungsten nitride nanosheets for multimode chemo/photothermal therapy." Chemical Communications 55, no. 64 (2019): 9471–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc04132j.

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24

Boher, Pierre, Philippe Houdy, Pierre Kaïkati, and L. J. Van Ijzendoorn. "Radio frequency sputtering of tungsten/tungsten nitride multilayers on GaAs." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A: Vacuum, Surfaces, and Films 8, no. 2 (1990): 846–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/1.576928.

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25

Miranda, G., B. Guimarães, D. Pereira, et al. "Mechanical and tribological performance of Ni–Co-based binders for cubic boron nitride cutting tools." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 20 (2020): 2753–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998320902514.

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Cubic boron nitride is becoming an alternative cutting tool material for machining under demanding conditions, displaying superior wear performance and machined parts with higher quality. The current need to reduce the cobalt content in these tools led to this study and focused on alternative binder materials for cubic boron nitride cutting tools. This work addresses several nickel–cobalt-based materials, regarding their microstructure, mechanical (hardness and shear strength), and tribological performance. The best results were attained when adding tungsten carbide to nickel–cobalt, once nick
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26

de la Haba, Purificacion, Eloisa Agüera, and JoséM Maldonado. "Differential effects of ammonium and tungsten on nitrate and nitrite uptake and reduction by sunflower plants." Plant Science 70, no. 1 (1990): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(90)90027-l.

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27

Ma, Xue-Jing, and Wei-Bin Zhang. "Tungsten Nitride for Capacitive Energy Storage." ChemistrySelect 2, no. 28 (2017): 8726–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201702007.

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28

Houben, A., M. Rasiński, L. Gao, and Ch Linsmeier. "Tungsten nitride as tritium permeation barrier." Nuclear Materials and Energy 24 (August 2020): 100752. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nme.2020.100752.

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29

Kundel, P., and H. Berke. "Chemische Effekte der Nitrosylsubstitution in hexakoordinierten Carbonylwolfram-Verbindungen/ Chemical Effects of Nitrosyl Substitution in Hexacoordinated Carbonyl Tungsten Complexes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 42, no. 8 (1987): 993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1987-0811.

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AbstractThe reaction of mer-tricarbonyl-nitrosyl-bis(triisopropylphosphite)tungsten hexafluorophosphate (1a) with MeMgl or Bu4NI affords tricarbonyl-iodonitrosyl-(triisopropylphosphite)tungsten (2). Similarly, a carbonyl group of la can be replaced by a fluoride ion resulting in transdicarbonyl- fluoronitrosyl-bis(triisopropylphosphite)tungsten (3). Oxygen nucleophiles like OPh- , OCH3- or OH- either substitute or attack a carbonyl group in la and cause formation of dicarbonyl-nitrosyl-bis(triisopropylphosphite)tungsten phenoxide. methoxide or formate derivatives (4, 5 or 7). respectively. Nit
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30

Elder, S. H., F. J. DiSalvo, L. Topor, and A. Navrotsky. "Thermodynamics of ternary nitride formation by ammonolysis: application to lithium molybdenum nitride (LiMoN2), sodium tungsten nitride (Na3WN3), and sodium tungsten oxide nitride (Na3WO3N)." Chemistry of Materials 5, no. 10 (1993): 1545–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm00034a027.

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31

Novosjadly, S. P., A. I. Terletsky, and O. B. Fryk. "Formation CMOS Schemes on GaAs with Self-Aligned Nitride and Silicide Gates." Фізика і хімія твердого тіла 16, no. 2 (2015): 420–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/pcss.16.2.420-424.

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Advanced integrated logic circuits on GaAs are mainly based on the using of n-channel field-effect transistors with gate Schottky (MESFET). To create the complementary MESFET integrated circuits the main problem is quite small Schottky barrier height (< 0,5 eV) on p-type gallium arsenide. One way to solve this problem is to use a nitride or silicide tungsten compounds to form gates given the thickness and composition.
 This paper highlights the features of the formation of complementary high-speed logic circuits on the p-GaAs with self-aligned gate based on nitride or silicide of tungs
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32

He, Zhi Jian, and Xu Kun Liang. "Precision Vertical Grinding of Cemented Tungsten Carbide Using CBN Wheels." Applied Mechanics and Materials 303-306 (February 2013): 2481–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.303-306.2481.

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A set of precision vertical grinding experiment on WC-CO cemented tungsten carbide materials was carried out using cubic boron nitride (CBN) grinding wheel. Different grinding parameters such as rotation speeds of workpiece, feed rates and grinding depths were employed during precision vertical grinding. Surface roughness was measured for studying the grinding charateristics of WC-CO cemented tungsten carbide in this removal mode. Optimal grinding parameters were obtained by changing the process parameters. The research results have an important significance to improve grinding quality and eff
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33

Wenzel, Olivia, Viktor Rein, Milena Hugenschmidt, Frank Schilling, Claus Feldmann, and Dagmar Gerthsen. "Impact of synthesis conditions on the morphology and crystal structure of tungsten nitride nanomaterials." RSC Advances 11, no. 45 (2021): 28198–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra04448f.

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34

Taghavi, Golnaz, Hamid Reza Rezaie, and Hekmat Razavizadeh. "Synthesis of W- Cu- Ag Nanopowders Produced by a Co-Precipitation Process." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 312–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.312.

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A homogeneous precipitation process was employed to prepare nanosized W-10%wtCu-10%wtAg powders using ammonium meta tungstate, copper nitrate and silver nitrate as precursors. The initial precipitates were obtained by reacting ammonium meta tungstate, copper nitrate and silver nitrate solutions under certain PH and temperature. In order to synthesis W-Cu-Ag composite powders, the initial precipitates washed, dried, and then calcined in air in order to prepare CuWO4-x, Ag2W4O13 and WO3 oxide powders for the next step reduction. The reduction was carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere to form the
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35

Hyuga, Hideki, Mark I. Jones, Kiyoshi Hirao, and Yukihiko Yamauchi. "Mechanical and wear properties of Si3N4–W composites using tungsten boride powder." Journal of Materials Research 18, no. 9 (2003): 2262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2003.0315.

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Silicon nitride–tungsten (Si3N4–W) composites were fabricated by reduction of tungsten boride under hot-press sintering in a nitrogen atmosphere. The fabricated composite consisted of mainly β–Si3N4 and W. The Si3N4 matrix grains were composed of an elongated and bimodal structure similar to conventional Si3N4. The mechanical properties of the composites in terms of fracture toughness and strength were almost the same as those of a monolithic Si3N4 produced under the same sintering conditions. The sliding wear properties of the composites were evaluated using a ball-on-disk machine under unlub
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36

Torres Hernández, Walter. "Análisis por XPS de la Formación de Nitruros en un Catalizador de Carburo de Tungsteno para la Decomposición de Amoníaco." Revista de Ciencias 13 (September 4, 2011): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.25100/rc.v13i0.646.

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La descomposición de amoníaco es de interés actual como una fuente limpia de hidrógeno para celdas combustibles y también como un componente necesario para la limpieza del gas de síntesis producido por gasificación de la biomasa. Una publicación reciente demostró que en muestras de carburo de tungsteno pre-tratadas con mezclas de hidrogeno y monóxido de carbono, el amoníaco se descompone a 650°C sin aparente desactivación del catalizador durante 12 horas. El presente trabajo muestra el análisis por espectroscopia foto-electrónica de rayos X de los cambios composicionales que sufre la superfici
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37

Klaus, J. W., S. J. Ferro, and S. M. George. "Atomically controlled growth of tungsten and tungsten nitride using sequential surface reactions." Applied Surface Science 162-163 (August 2000): 479–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-4332(00)00237-3.

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38

Liu, Fang, Zhi-Xin Qin, Fu-Jun Xu, et al. "Thermal stability of tungsten and tungsten nitride Schottky contacts to AlGaN/GaN." Chinese Physics B 20, no. 6 (2011): 067303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/20/6/067303.

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39

de Vries, Simon, Milica Momcilovic, Marc J. F. Strampraad, Julian P. Whitelegge, Ashkan Baghai, and Imke Schröder. "Adaptation to a High-Tungsten Environment:Pyrobaculum aerophilumContains an Active Tungsten Nitrate Reductase." Biochemistry 49, no. 45 (2010): 9911–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi100974v.

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40

Kim, Yong Tae, and Chang Woo Lee. "Dielectric properties of PbTiO3thin film capacitors deposited on tungsten nitride/tungsten bilayers." Ferroelectrics 166, no. 1 (1995): 159–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00150199508223584.

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41

WATANABE, Nobuatsu, Tsuyoshi TERADA, Yong-bo CHONG, and Tsuyoshi NAKAJIMA. "Preparation of tungsten carbide and tungsten nitride by CVD method using fluoride." NIPPON KAGAKU KAISHI, no. 10 (1985): 1812–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/nikkashi.1985.1812.

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42

Chiu, Hsin-Tien, and Shiow-Huey Chuang. "Tungsten nitride thin films prepared by MOCVD." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 6 (1993): 1353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.1353.

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Polycrystalline tungsten nitride thin films were grown by low pressure metallo-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) using (tBuN)2W(NHtBu)2 as the single-source precursor. Deposition of uniform thin films on glass and silicon substrates was carried out at temperatures 723–923 K in a cold-wall reactor, while the precursor was vaporized at 333–363 K. The growth rates were 2–10 nm/min depending on the condition employed. Bulk elemental composition of the thin films, studied by wavelength dispersive spectroscopy (WDS), is best described as WNx (x = 0.7–1.8). The N/W ratio decreased with increa
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43

Shen, Bin, Fang Hong Sun, and Zhi Ming Zhang. "Comparative Study on the Tribological Performance of HFCVD Diamond and DLC Films under Water Lubricating Condition." Key Engineering Materials 487 (July 2011): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.487.155.

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The tribological performance of conventional microcrystalline diamond (MCD) film and diamond-like carbon (DLC) film is investigated comparatively under water lubricating condition. The MCD and DLC film are deposited on cobalt cemented tungsten carbide (WC-Co) substrate using the hot filament chemical vapor deposition (HFCVD) method and the vacuum arc discharge with a graphite cathode respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), white light interferometer, and Raman spectra are employed to characterize as-deposited MCD and DLC samples. The friction tests are carried out on a ball-on-plate
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44

Jefford, Valerie J., Melbourne J. Schriver, and Michael J. Zaworotko. "The selective complexation of adamantane nitriles by tungsten pentacarbonyl." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no. 1 (1996): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-014.

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Adamantyl-1,3,4-oxathiazol-2-one is usually prepared as a mixture with 1-adamantanecarbonitrile. To separate these two compounds the mixture is reacted with thf•W(CO)5, which selectively forms a complex with the nitrile. The resulting mixture can then be readily separated into pure compounds by sublimation. Characterization data are presented, including the X-ray crystal structure of the nitrile complex, which can be prepared directly from the reaction of the adamantyl nitrile and thf•W(CO)5. (Crystal data for C16H15NO5W: orthorhombic, space group Pmcn, a = 10.5869(19) Å, b = 14.0622(22) Å, c
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45

Hones, Peter, Nicolas Martin, Manfred Regula, and Francis L vy. "Structural and mechanical properties of chromium nitride, molybdenum nitride, and tungsten nitride thin films." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 36, no. 8 (2003): 1023–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/36/8/313.

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Petrov, E. V., I. V. Saikov, G. R. Saikova, and V. S. Trofimov. "Properties of the surface layer after high-energy treatment by powder particles." Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya, no. 1 (March 14, 2020): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2020-29-35.

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Experiments were conducted on high-energy surface treatment of a structural steel substrate with a flow of tungsten, nickel, and titanium nitride powder particles. The impact pressure of the steel target and particles accelerated by explosion energy was estimated using the momentum conservation equation and the linear equation of the particle material shock adiabat. It was found that the impact pressure of the target and particles is 62 GPa for a tungsten particle, 48 GPa for a nickel particle, and 41 GPa for a titanium nitride particle. The heating temperature of particles during their collis
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47

Twardowski, Paweł. "Surface Roughness Analysis in Milling of Tungsten Carbide with CBN Cutters." Metrology and Measurement Systems 18, no. 1 (2011): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10178-011-0010-7.

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Surface Roughness Analysis in Milling of Tungsten Carbide with CBN CuttersIn this paper, an experimental surface roughness analysis in milling of tungsten carbide using a monolithic torus cubic boron nitride (CBN) tool is presented. The tungsten carbide was received using direct laser deposition technology (DLD). The depth of cut (ap), feed per tooth (fz) and tool wear (VBc) influence on surface roughness parameters (Ra, Rz) were investigated. The cutting forces and accelerations of vibrations were measured in order to estimate their quantitative influence onRaandRzparameters. The surface roug
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48

Sygletou, M., P. Tzourmpakis, C. Petridis, et al. "Laser induced nucleation of plasmonic nanoparticles on two-dimensional nanosheets for organic photovoltaics." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 4, no. 3 (2016): 1020–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ta09199c.

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A novel top-down and universal optical technique for the effective decoration of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets (NS), graphene oxide (GO), boron nitride (BN) and tungsten disulfide (WS<sub>2</sub>), with noble metallic nanoparticles (NPs) is reported.
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Ahmed, Aftab, Akhtar Hayat, Mian Hasnain Nawaz, Aqif Anwar Chaudhry, Peter John, and Muhammad Nasir. "Fluorescence quenching mediated detection of hydrogen peroxide using tungsten incorporated graphitic carbon nitride nanoflakes." RSC Advances 11, no. 13 (2021): 7479–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra10463a.

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Representation of Tungsten doped graphitic carbon nitride for non-enzymatic-fluorescence quenching based detection of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> with high sensitivity and accuracy triggered by the oxidation of RhB used as a fluorescence substrate.
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Muthukutty, Balamurugan, Alagumalai Krishnapandi, and Shen-Ming Chen. "The facile co-precipitation synthesis of strontium tungstate anchored on a boron nitride (SrWO4/BN) composite as a promising electrocatalyst for pharmaceutical drug analysis." New Journal of Chemistry 44, no. 6 (2020): 2489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9nj05673d.

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