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Fernandes, Sueli A., Ana T. Tavechio, Ângela C. R. Ghilardi, Ângela M. G. Dias, Ivete A. Z. C. de Almeida, and Leyva C. V. de Melo. "Salmonella serovars isolated from humans in São Paulo State, Brazil, 1996-2003." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 48, no. 4 (August 2006): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652006000400001.
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Salmonellosis remains an important cause of diarrheal illness in humans in São Paulo State, Brazil. In this study were identified 3554 Salmonella isolates from human infections, during the period 1996-2003. Among 68 different serovars determined, S. Enteritidis was the most frequent one in gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal infections accounting for 67.4% of all isolates. S. Typhimurium and S. enterica subsp. enterica (4,5,12:i:-) were most frequently isolated from children aged < 1-4 year-old, in contrast, people with S. Enteritidis infections were most likely to be 20-50 year-old. In our geographic area the continued laboratorial surveillance of salmonellosis, including serotyping, has showed the trends in Salmonella serovars causing infections in humans throughout the time.
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Mohan, Supraja Laguduva, Sunitha Vellathussery Chakkalakkoombil, Sunil Kumar Devaraj, Ravindar Kashyap, and Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh. "The Elusive Appearance of Hyperenhancing Solid Serous Cystadenoma of the Pancreas—Radio-Pathological Correlation." Journal of Gastrointestinal and Abdominal Radiology 04, no. 01 (January 2021): 077–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1721293.
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AbstractSerous cystadenomas account for ~10 to 29% of pancreatic cystic tumors. Solid serous cystadenoma (SSCA) is a rare variant, first described in 1996, with imaging characteristics different from the classical serous cystadenoma of the pancreas and can cause a diagnostic dilemma due to its resemblance to other solid tumors of the pancreas. To the best of our knowledge, only 22 cases of SSCA of pancreas have been reported till date.A 50-year-old female patient underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) of the abdomen for a hypoechoic lesion detected in the body of the pancreas during ultrasound (US) examination. Due to the hyperenhancement of the well-circumscribed lesion in the arterial phase, a provisional diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor was considered. Gallium 68-labeled somatostatin-analog (Ga 68-DOTANOC) positron emission tomography CT scan did not show any uptake within the lesion and endoscopic US (EUS)-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was also inconclusive. She underwent laparotomy and the lesion was enucleated and it was proven to be a serous microcystadenoma on postoperative histopathologic examination.A diagnosis of SSCA should be considered for solid-appearing pancreatic lesions with characteristic CECT features such as arterial phase hyperenhancement, and immediate washout, along with negative results on DOTANOC scan and EUS-guided FNAC. Malignant transformation of SSCA has not been reported till date, and hence these can be safely followed up, instead of invasive surgery.
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Schwalbe, Harald, and Michael Reggelin. "NMR anschaulich: 100 and More Basic NMR Experiments. Von S. Braun, H. O. Kalinowski und S. Berger. VCH, Weinheim, 1996. 418 S., brosch., 68,-DM. ISBN 3-527-29091-5." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 44, no. 10 (October 1996): 1013–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19960441023.
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LIU, Yu, Vadim Y. ARSHAVSKY, and Arnold E. RUOHO. "Interaction sites of the C-terminal region of the cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory subunit with the GDP-bound transducin α-subunit." Biochemical Journal 337, no. 2 (January 8, 1999): 281–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3370281.
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In the present report, the region of interaction between the GDP-bound α-subunit of transducin (αt.GTP) and the cGMP phosphodiesterase inhibitory γ-subunit (Pγ) has been studied. It is widely accepted that the αt.GTP is the active form of transducin and that the GDP-bound transducin α-subunit (αt.GDP) is the inactive form. We have reported previously that the binding region of the C-terminal of Pγ on αt.GTP is in a region between the exposed face of the α3 and α4 helices of αt.GTP [Liu, Arshavsky and Ruoho (1996) J. Biol. Chem. 271, 26900–26907]. We now report that N-[(3-[125I]iodo-4-azidophenylpropionamido-S-(2-thiopyridyl)]cysteine ([125I]ACTP)-derivatized Pγ (at Cys-68) reversibly undergoes a unique disulphide exchange of the radioiodinated moiety N-(3-[125I]iodo-4-azidophenylpropionamido)cysteine ([125I]APC) from Cys-68 of Pγ to αt.GDP but not to the guanosine 5´-(γ-thio)-triphosphate (GTP[S])-bound transducin α-subunit (αt-GTP[S]). The specificity of the interaction was demonstrated by the fact that exchange was protected by the functionally active Cys-68 → Ala Pγ mutant, and by pretreatment of the αt.GDP with the βγ-subunit of transducin. Chemical cleavage and amino acid sequencing demonstrated that the [125I]ACTP-derived Pγ specifically transferred the [125I]APC group to Cys-250 and Cys-210 of αt.GDP. These data indicate that the C-terminal region (especially Cys-68–Trp-70) of Pγ interacts with αt.GDP on the exposed interface between α2/β4 and α3/β5 of the α-subunit of transducin. Disulphide exchange was also observed with the α-subunit of holotransducin but this was only approx. 60% of that of pure αt.GDP. The variation in the binding pattern between αt.GDP and αt.GTP with the C-terminal region of Pγ may contribute to the functional difference between the GDP- and GTP-bound states.
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Portnyagin, Y. I., J. M. Forbes, N. A. Makarov, E. G. Merzlyakov, and S. Palo. "The summertime 12-h wind oscillation with zonal wavenumber <i>s</i> = 1 in the lower thermosphere over the South Pole." Annales Geophysicae 16, no. 7 (July 31, 1998): 828–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-0828-9.
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Abstract. Meteor radar measurements of winds near 95 km in four azimuth directions from the geographic South Pole are analyzed to reveal characteristics of the 12-h oscillation with zonal wavenumber one (s=1). The wind measurements are confined to the periods from 19 January 1995 through 26 January 1996 and from 21 November 1996 through 27 January 1997. The 12-h s=1 oscillation is found to be a predominantly summertime phenomenon, and is replaced in winter by a spectrum of oscillations with periods between 6 and 11.5 h. Both summers are characterized by minimum amplitudes (5–10 ms–1) during early January and maxima (15–20 ms–1) in November and late January. For 10-day means of the 12-h oscillation, smooth evolutions of phase of order 4–6 h occur during the course of the summer. In addition, there is considerable day-to-day variability (±5–10 ms–1 in amplitude) with distinct periods (i.e., ~5 days and ~8 days) which suggests modulation by planetary-scale disturbances. A comparison of climatological data from Scott Base, Molodezhnaya, and Mawson stations suggests that the 12-h oscillation near 78°S is s=1, but that at 68°S there is probably a mixture between s=1 and other zonal wavenumber oscillations (most probably s=2). The mechanism responsible for the existence of the 12-h s=1 oscillation has not yet been identified. Possible origins discussed herein include in situ excitation, nonlinear interaction between the migrating semidiurnal tide and a stationary s=1 feature, and thermal excitation in the troposphere.Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics · Middle atmosphere dynamics · Thermospheric dynamics · Waves and tides
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Juga-Szymańska, Anna. "Segė iš Lattenwalde’s. A67-68 tipo segės vakarų baltų kultūrinėje srityje." Archaeologia Lituana 12 (March 16, 2011): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/archlit.2011.12.5130.
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Vienas įdomiausių radinių, paminėtų pirmojoje Martos Schmiedehelm disertacijoje, yra segė iš Lattenwalde’s. Šią segę tyrinėtoja skiria labai profiliuotoms segėms su atramine plokštele (Schmiedehelm, 1943, S. 96). Segė, anot M. Schmiedehelm, buvo iš Eduardo Gisevijaus – garsaus Tilžės kolekcininko – rinkinio (Tamulynas, 2009, p. 9–11). Segės radimo aplinkybės tiksliau nežinomos. Emilis Hollack (1908, S. 81–82) užsimena apie ankstyvojo romėniškojo laikotarpio kapinyną, nedaug vėlesnį arba vienalaikį su Lattenwalde’s segės deponavimo laiku. Galbūt tai ir buvo kapinynas, kuriame ši segė buvo užkasta. Ją reikia sieti su vadinamąja Dollkeimo-Kovrovo arba Sembos-Notangos kultūra. M. Schmiedehelm kartotekoje yra Lattenwalde’s segės eskizas. Segę piešė ir H. Jankuhnas. Jo iliustracija yra patikimesnė (1 pav.). Šie piešiniai rodo, kad buvo išlikusi tik segės viršutinė dalis, o kojelė ir užkaba yra susilydžiusios. Vis dėlto tai yra neabejotinai Almgreno IV grupės A 67-68 tipo labai profiliuota segė. Negalint segės konkrečiau skirti vienam arba kitam tipui, reikia apžvelgti abu. A 67-68 tipų segėms, rastoms europiniame Barbaricume, skirta nemažai dėmesio. Segių yra gana daug. Kur kas mažiau duomenų turima apie šių tipų seges vakarų baltų kultūrinėje srityje (plg. Stadie, 1919, S. 397, Abb. 175; Almgren, 1923, S. 156; Nowakowski, 2007, s. 22–23; Mą-czyńska, 2001, S. 168, 173). M. Schmiedehelm 1943 m. disertacijoje šių tipų segių sąraše mini devynias seges iš Mozūrų paežeryno regiono (plg. Katalog, 2 pav.). Šią informaciją galima patikrinti, remiantis kitais archyviniais šaltiniais. Tyrinėtoja pamini segę iš Zydroj Nowy, kapo Nr. 2. Kadangi kartotekoje išlikęs piešinys (3 pav.), galima šią segę sieti su Jezerine tipo segėmis ir išbraukti iš A67-68 tipo segių sąrašo. Du pastarųjų segių radiniai žinomi iš naujų P. Iwanickio tyrinėjimų Lisy vietovėje, taip pat iš Geldapės apylinkių. Pasak M. Schmiedehelm, iš Sembos teritorijos buvo žinomos dvi segės: iš Dollkeimo (2:11 pav.) ir aptariamoji iš Lattenwalde’s (1 pav.). Dar vienas radinys žinomas iš Lietuvos, iš Adakavo (2:1 pav.). Taigi iš viso vakarų baltų kultūros regione žinoma 14 segių. Stiliaus požiūriu ankstyviausias radinys yra Adakavo segė (2:1 pav.), skiriama A67 tipui, ir, pasak Stefano De-metzo, datuojama Augusto ir Tiberijaus laikotarpiu, o tai atitinka B1a periodą (Demetz, 1998, S. 140–143; 1999, S. 128, Taf. 35:1, 2). Visos likusios segės, sprendžiant iš archyvinių piešinių, yra tvirtos konstrukcijos, turi suplokštintą galvutę. Jas galima sieti su A67b arba A68 tipais. Šios segės Romos imperijoje pasirodė Tiberijaus valdymo laikotarpiu ir aptinkamos kartu su Klaudijaus ir Flavijų monetomis (Demetz, 1998, S. 143–144; 1999, S. 195). Wielbarko ir Przeworsko kultūrose segės datuojamos B1b periodu (Dąbrowska, 2003, s. 157). Segės yra vienos iš gausesnių, ankstyviausiai datuojamų radinių. Jeigu remtumės tik Mozūrų radiniais, tai šių segių chronologijai patikslinti duomenų nėra. Priešingai, A67-68 tipų segės, kaip importiniai daiktai, buvo ir yra laikomos chronologijos rodikliais. Dėl to tenka rinktis Vidurio Europos Barbaricumo chronologiją – B1b–c periodą. Vakarų baltų srityje A67-68 tipo segės daugiausia žinomos Bogaczewo kultūros paminkluose – Mozūrų paežeryno regione (1 žemėl.). Žiūrint į šių daiktų paplitimą matyti, kad segių aptikta palei liniją, einančią iš pietvakarių į šiaurės rytus, o tai leidžia teigti, jog jų patekimo į Mozūrus tarpininkai turėjo būti Przeworsko kultūros žmonės. Minėta A67-68 tipo segių paplitimo linija veda į šiandienės Geldapės apylinkes. Čia pačioje mūsų eros pradžioje tikriausiai ėjo kelias, jungiantis Mozūrus su nadruvių sritimi ir toliau su Nemuno žemupio sritimi. Iš nadruvių srities pagal Prieglių tikriausiai buvo galima buvo patekti į Sembos pusiasalį. Kalbant apie seges iš Sembos ir Lietuvos, negalima atmesti galimybės, jog tai yra Wielbarko kultūros įtaka, nors labiausiai gundanti hipotezė yra apie Bogaczewo kultūros tarpininkavimą. Įdomu, kad Lietuvoje, be Adakavo segės, nėra kitų aptariamo tipo segių radinių, tačiau yra panašiai datuojamų A69 tipo segių ir vadinamųjų Flügelfibeln, kurių daugiausia rasta Noricume ir Panonijoje (Michelbertas, 1992, p. 280–281, Abb. 1; 2001). Pastarųjų tipų segės Mozūrų paežeryne nežinomos. Galbūt tai lėmė skirtinga Lietuvos ir Mozūrų radinių kilmė. A69 ir sparninės segės, rastos Lietuvoje, Latvijoje ir Semboje, yra neabejotinai importuotos iš Romos imperijos (Michelbertas, 2001). O štai A67b-68 tipų segės, aptiktos Mozūrų srityje, tikriausiai buvo gamintos barbarų meistrų. A67b-68 tipo segių radinius (1 žemėl.) galima palyginti su Jezerine’o tipo segių paplitimu (Nowakowski, 2009, S. 111–112, Abb. 5). Pastarosios segės yra keliomis dešimtimis metų ankstyvesnės (2 žemėl.). W. Nowakowskis dėl Jezerine’o tipo segių paplitimo iškėlė mintį apie Gintaro kelio Mozūrų-nadruvių atšaką, vedančią iš šiaurinių imperijos provincijų galbūt link Gotlando (Nowakowski, 1996 b; 2009). Galima pabrėžti, kad tuo pačiu laikotarpiu kaip Jezerine’o tipo seges, reikia datuoti A67 tipo segę iš Adakavo, kuri į dabartinę Lietuvos teritoriją greičiausiai pateko minėta Gintaro kelio Mozūrų-nadruvių atšaka. A67b-68 tipo segių paplitimo žemėlapio vaizdas yra kitoks – matyti radinių Mozūruose ir labiau į šiaurę esančiose srityse. Radinių nebuvimą Nemuno žemupyje kompensuoja du radiniai šiaurinėje Sembos dalyje ir, būtent, Lattenwalde’ėje. A67b–68 tipo segių paplitimo žemėlapis kalba apie žmonių aktyvumą I amžiaus antrojoje pusėje. Toks vaizdas yra prieš paplintant prūsų serijos akinėms segėms (plg. Nowakowski, 1996 a, Anhang B, Karte 3) ir šiek tiek vėlesnis, paplitus Jezerine’o tipo segėms, kurių nerasta Semboje. Tai yra vadinamasis Dollkeimo-Kovrovo kultūros O periodas, paliudytas šio kapinyno medžiagos ir radinių Kuršių nerijoje. Žiūrint į to laikotarpio ar šiek tiek vėlesnį pagrindinės akinių segių serijos paplitimo horizontą, matyti, kad Semboje yra jau daugiau radinių, tačiau jie visi koncentruojasi šiauriniame pakraštyje netoli Dollkeimo vietovės. Mozūrų radiniai paplitę kaip ir A67-68 tipo segės (plg. Nowakowski, 1995, s. 27) (3 žemėl.). Primenant karo metu dingusias seges iš Lattenwalde’s ir Dollkeimo, galima kalbėti ne tik apie naujų A67b–68 tipo segių mokslinėje apyvartoje pasirodymą. Svarbu tai, kad galima liudyti žmonių aktyvumą šiame regione jau pačiame ankstyviausiame Sembos romėniškojo laikotarpio kultūros formavimosi etape (Dollkeimo-Kovrovo kultūros O periodas). Turint omenyje minėtų segių radinius galima teigti, kad šios kultūros pradžia buvo būtent Dollkeimo apylinkėse ir susijusi su patogaus išėjimo į jūrą iš Kuršių įlankos kontrole. Galima kalbėti ir apie Gintaro kelio Mozūrų-nadruvių atšakos pabaigą. Su šia atšaka galbūt galima sieti tik seges A67b. Stilistiniu požiūriu jos yra ankstyvesnės už A68 tipo seges. Tačiau radiniai neleidžia teigti, jog A67b tipo segės, aptiktos Mozūruose, priklauso ankstyvesniam chronologiniam laikotarpiui. Dėl to A67b ir A68 tipai aptarti kartu. Pradedant šių segių chronologiniu horizontu, galima kalbėti apie Mozūrų–Sembos kelio variantą, kuriuo tikriausiai buvo gabenamas gintaras į Romos imperiją.
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Ghosh Hajra, N., and R. Kumar. "SEASONAL VARIATION IN PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND PRODUCTIVITY OF YOUNG TEA." Experimental Agriculture 35, no. 1 (February 1999): 71–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001447979900109x.
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Photosynthetic rates (Pn) of China-type high quality tea (Camellia sinensis), clone T78, 44–68 months after field planting, were monitored during the different seasons of 1996 and 1997. The maximum value of Pn (11.9 μmol m−2 s−1) was recorded in October when humidity was very high, temperature, sunshine hours and soil moisture were moderate and photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was highest. Low temperature accompanied by low soil moisture reduced Pn during the winter (February). An important limiting factor for Pn was observed to be moisture stress. An apparent relationship between Pn and relative humidity was observed. In general, higher rates of Pn were recorded during periods of low evaporative demand (low VPD).
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Kreuzholz, Rüdiger. "Faszination Chemie: Chemie der Zukunft-Magie oder Design? Von P. Ball. VCH, Weinheim, 1996. 423 S., brosch., 68,-DM. ISBN 3-527-29387-6." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 45, no. 12 (December 1997): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19970451220.
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König, Burkhard. "Mechanismen organischer Reaktionen: Reaktionsmechanismen. Organische Reaktionen, Stereochemie, moderne Synthesemethoden. Von R. Brückner. Spektrum, Heidelberg, 1996, 570 S., 68- DM. ISBN 3-86025hyphen;363hyphen;8." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 45, no. 12 (December 1997): 1216–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19970451221.
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Heim, Urs. "Murken, Axel Hinrich (Hrsg.): 150 Jahre St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus in Berlin, 1846-1996. Der Weg vom Armenhospital zum Akademischen Lehrkrankenhaus. Herzogenrath, Murken-Altrogge, 1996. 298 S. III. DM 68.-. ISBN 3-921801-86-9." Gesnerus 55, no. 3-4 (November 27, 1998): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22977953-0550304041.
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Weck, Karen E., Susanne S. Kim, Herbert W. Virgin, and Samuel H. Speck. "Macrophages Are the Major Reservoir of Latent Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 in Peritoneal Cells." Journal of Virology 73, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 3273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.4.3273-3283.1999.
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ABSTRACT B cells have previously been identified as the major hematopoietic cell type harboring latent gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68) (N. P. Sunil-Chandra, S. Efstathiou, and A. A. Nash, J. Gen. Virol. 73:3275–3279, 1992). However, we have shown that γHV68 efficiently establishes latency in B-cell-deficient mice (K. E. Weck, M. L. Barkon, L. I. Yoo, S. H. Speck, and H. W. Virgin, J. Virol. 70:6775–6780, 1996), demonstrating that B cells are not required for γHV68 latency. To understand this dichotomy, we determined whether hematopoietic cell types, in addition to B cells, carry latent γHV68. We observed a high frequency of cells that reactivate latent γHV68 in peritoneal exudate cells (PECs) derived from both B-cell-deficient and normal C57BL/6 mice. PECs were composed primarily of macrophages in B-cell-deficient mice and of macrophages plus B cells in normal C57BL/6 mice. To determine which cells in PECs from C57BL/6 mice carry latent γHV68, we developed a limiting-dilution PCR assay to quantitate the frequency of cells carrying the γHV68 genome in fluorescence-activated cell sorter-purified cell populations. We also quantitated the contribution of individual cell populations to the total frequency of cells carrying latent γHV68. At early times after infection, the frequency of PECs that reactivated γHV68 correlated very closely with the frequency of PECs carrying the γHV68 genome, validating measurement of the frequency of viral-genome-positive cells as a measure of latency in this cell population. F4/80-positive macrophage-enriched, lymphocyte-depleted PECs harbored most of the γHV68 genome and efficiently reactivated γHV68, while CD19-positive, B-cell-enriched PECs harbored about a 10-fold lower frequency of γHV68 genome-positive cells. CD4-positive, T-cell-enriched PECs contained only a very low frequency of γHV68 genome-positive cells, consistent with previous analyses indicating that T cells are not a reservoir for γHV68 latency (N. P. Sunil-Chandra, S. Efstathiou, and A. A. Nash, J. Gen. Virol. 73:3275–3279, 1992). Since macrophages are bone marrow derived, we determined whether elicitation of a large inflammatory response in the peritoneum would recruit additional latent cells into the peritoneum. Thioglycolate inoculation increased the total number of PECs by about 20-fold but did not affect the frequency of cells that reactivate γHV68, consistent with a bone marrow reservoir for latent γHV68. These experiments demonstrate γHV68 latency in two different hematopoietic cell types, F4/80-positive macrophages and CD19-positive B cells, and argue for a bone marrow reservoir for latent γHV68.
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Trippel, Edward A., Michael B. Strong, John M. Terhune, and Jeremy D. Conway. "Mitigation of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) by-catch in the gillnet fishery in the lower Bay of Fundy." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 56, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f98-162.
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Demersal gill nets equipped with acoustic alarms reduced harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) by-catch rates by 77% over those without alarms in the Swallowtail area of the lower Bay of Fundy during field testing in August 1996 (68% reduction) and 1997 (85% reduction) (both years combined, three harbour porpoises in 249 alarmed nets versus 14 harbour porpoises in 267 nonalarmed nets). The alarms spaced 100 m apart along the net floatline produced a 0.3-s pulse at 10-12 kHz every 4 s at a level of 133-145 dB re 1 µPa at 1 m. In conditions of no rain and low wind (Sea State 0-2) the alarms were presumed to be clearly audible to harbour porpoises at ranges of 0.1-0.6 km. Catch rates of Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus), Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), and pollock (Pollachius virens) were not significantly different in alarmed and nonalarmed nets (except in one season when pollock were caught in lower numbers in alarmed nets). Harbour porpoise by-catch and herring movements may be linked. During years of low herring abundance, we also observed low harbour porpoise entanglement rates.
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Katzenstein, H. M., L. C. Bowman, G. M. Brodeur, P. S. Thorner, V. V. Joshi, E. I. Smith, A. T. Look, et al. "Prognostic significance of age, MYCN oncogene amplification, tumor cell ploidy, and histology in 110 infants with stage D(S) neuroblastoma: the pediatric oncology group experience--a pediatric oncology group study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 16, no. 6 (June 1998): 2007–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1998.16.6.2007.
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PURPOSE Although a high rate of spontaneous regression is observed in infants with stage D(S) neuroblastoma (NB), survival is not uniform. To determine the prognostic relevance of age at diagnosis, therapy, and tumor biology in infants with stage D(S) NB, we reviewed the Pediatric Oncology Group (POG) experience. PATIENTS AND METHODS A review of patients diagnosed with stage D(S) NB registered on POG protocols was performed. Survival according to age at diagnosis, treatment, and tumor biology was determined. RESULTS Between 1987 and 1996, 110 infants with stage D(S) NB had an estimated 3-year survival rate of 85% +/- 4%; survival rate was 71% +/- 8% for infants 2 months of age or younger, and 68% +/- 12%, 44% +/- 33%, and 33% +/- 19% for patients with diploid, MYCN-amplified, and unfavorable histology tumors, respectively. Survival rates were similar for patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy versus those who did not (82% +/- 5% v 93% +/- 6%, respectively; P = .187). Furthermore, there was no statistical difference in survival rate for patients who underwent complete resection of their primary tumor compared with those who underwent partial resection or biopsy only (90% +/- 5% v 78% +/- 7%, respectively; P = .083). CONCLUSION Our review confirmed that the survival of infants with stage D(S) NB is excellent. However, subsets of patients with poor prognosis can be identified by young age and unfavorable biologic factors. More effective therapy is needed for the group of stage D(S) infants who show unfavorable clinical and biologic features.
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Thorisson, Konrad, Ingibjörg G. Jónsdóttir, Gudrun Marteinsdottir, and Steven E. Campana. "The use of otolith chemistry to determine the juvenile source of spawning cod in Icelandic waters." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 1 (August 25, 2010): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsq133.
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Abstract Thorisson, K., Jónsdóttir, I. G., Marteinsdottir, G., and Campana, S. E. 2011. The use of otolith chemistry to determine the juvenile source of spawning cod in Icelandic waters. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 98–106. Chemical fingerprinting was used to discriminate spatial groups of juvenile cod (Gadus morhua) and to backtrack spawning cod in Icelandic waters to their area of origin as 0-group juveniles. Juvenile 0-group cod were collected around Iceland in August 1996 and 1997 to establish the spatial distribution of otolith chemistry at the juvenile stage. Spawning cod from the same year classes were sampled in the same areas in April 2002 and April/May 2003. The core, corresponding to the juvenile otolith, was extracted from the adult otolith and its content of Ba, Mn, and Sr compared with the chemistry of whole otoliths of juveniles of the same year class. High Atlantic inflow into the shelf area north of Iceland in 1997 mixed the juveniles from different areas, and the spawners of that year class were not backtraceable to their origin. For the 1996 year class, however, mixed-stock analysis indicated that most of the spawning cod northwest, north, and northeast of Iceland originated from juveniles off the central part of the north coast. Using otolith chemistry to backtrace the origin of spawners appears well suited for areas with limited mixing, but less well suited for areas or years of high current velocity.
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FitzGerald, JM, DE Fester, MM Morris, M. Schulzer, FE Hargreave, and MR Sears. "Relation of Airway Responsiveness to Methacholine to Parent and Child Reporting of Symptoms Suggecting Asthma." Canadian Respiratory Journal 3, no. 2 (1996): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1996/631713.
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BACKGROUND:The lack of a relationship between airway responsiveness and respiratory symptoms in epidemiological studies of children may, in part, reflect inaccuracies in symptom reporting or inadequate knowledge by the parent of the child's symptoms.OBJECTIVE:To relate airway responsiveness to methacholine in children with symptoms of respiratory illness in the child as reported by the parent and as reported by the child.POPULATION:Eight- to 10-year-old (n=290) randomly sampled schoolchildren.SETTING:Seven randomly selected schools in Ontario.METHODS:Parents completed a mailed questionnaire regarding the child's respiratory health. Children completed a similar interview-administered questionnaire at school and underwent methacholine challenge testing by the tidal breathing method.RESULTS:The cumulative prevalence of a history of physician-diagnosed asthma was 9.0%, and of any wheezing it was 25.5%. A further 9% of children reported wheezing not documented by their parent. Of 229 children consenting to methacholine challenge, 78 (34.1%) showed airway responsiveness in the range generally associated with asthma in adults (provocation concentration of methacholine causing a 20% fall [PC20] in forced expired volume in 1 s [FEV1] 8 mg/mL or less); half of these children had no history of respiratory symptoms reported by the parent. The sensitivity of airway hyperresponsiveness defined by a cut-point for PC208 mg/mL or less in relation to any history of recurrent wheezing reported by the parent was 48% and did not improve if only symptoms within the past year were considered (sensitivity 44%); the specificity of the test for parent-reported symptoms ever was 71%, and 68% in those with symptoms in the past year. None of these sensitivities or specificities was increased by using symptoms reported by the child or by combining parent and child reported symptoms. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for sensitivity and specificity of the methacholine test were constructed for parent and child reports of symptoms. For all symptom strata, the cut-point of PC20producing optimal balance of sensitivity and specificity was between 4 and 8 mg/mL. A parental questionnaire positive for physician-diagnosed asthma was strongly related to methacholine response, producing an ROC curve with an area significantly different from 0.5 (P=0.006), as did all parent-reported wheezing (P=0.009). If the child reported asthma, there was an equally strong relationship, with a positive ROC curve (P=0.001), as there was for all child-reported wheezing (P=0.048).CONCLUSIONS:Airway hyperresponsiveness to methacholine in children relates closely with asthma and wheezing reported by either the parent or the child. In addition, the results confirm that respiratory symptoms and airway hyperresponsiveness are common in Canadian children, and that airway hyperresponsiveness may be found in children with no history of respiratory illness either at present or in the past.
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Castagliuolo, Ignazio, Martin F. Riegler, Leyla Valenick, J. Thomas LaMont, and Charalabos Pothoulakis. "Saccharomyces boulardii Protease Inhibits the Effects of Clostridium difficile Toxins A and B in Human Colonic Mucosa." Infection and Immunity 67, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 302–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.1.302-307.1999.
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ABSTRACT Saccharomyces boulardii is a nonpathogenic yeast used in the treatment of Clostridium difficile diarrhea and colitis. We have reported that S. boulardii inhibitsC. difficile toxin A enteritis in rats by releasing a 54-kDa protease which digests the toxin A molecule and its brush border membrane (BBM) receptor (I. Castagliuolo, J. T. LaMont, S. T. Nikulasson, and C. Pothoulakis, Infect. Immun. 64:5225–5232, 1996). The aim of this study was to further evaluate the role of S. boulardii protease in preventing C. difficile toxin A enteritis in rat ileum and determine whether it protects human colonic mucosa from C. difficile toxins. A polyclonal rabbit antiserum raised against purified S. boulardii serine protease inhibited by 73% the proteolytic activity present in S. boulardii conditioned medium in vitro. The anti-protease immunoglobulin G (IgG) prevented the action of S. boulardiion toxin A-induced intestinal secretion and mucosal permeability to [3H]mannitol in rat ileal loops, while control rabbit IgG had no effect. The anti-protease IgG also prevented the effects ofS. boulardii protease on digestion of toxins A and B and on binding of [3H]toxin A and [3H]toxin B to purified human colonic BBM. Purified S. boulardii protease reversed toxin A- and toxin B-induced inhibition of protein synthesis in human colonic (HT-29) cells. Furthermore, toxin A- and B-induced drops in transepithelial resistance in human colonic mucosa mounted in Ussing chambers were reversed by 60 and 68%, respectively, by preexposing the toxins to S. boulardii protease. We conclude that the protective effects of S. boulardii onC. difficile-induced inflammatory diarrhea in humans are due, at least in part, to proteolytic digestion of toxin A and B molecules by a secreted protease.
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Chouichi, Amel, and Sarah Otsmane. "The Cauchy problem for a system of nonlinear heat equations in two space dimensions." Asian-European Journal of Mathematics 08, no. 01 (March 2015): 1550004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793557115500047.
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This paper is devoted to system of semilinear heat equations with exponential-growth nonlinearity in two-dimensional space which is the analogue of the scalar model problem studied in [S. Ibrahim, R. Jrad, M. Majdoub and T. Saanouni, Local well posedness of a 2D semilinear heat equation, Bull. Belg. Math. Soc.21 (2014) 1–17]. First, we prove the local existence and unconditional uniqueness of solutions in the Sobolev space (H1× H1)(ℝ2). The uniqueness part is nontrivial although it follows Brezis–Cazenave's proof [H. Brezis and T. Cazenave, A nonlinear heat equation with singular initial data, J. Anal. Math.68 (1996) 73–90] in the case of monomial nonlinearity in dimension d ≥ 3. Next, we show that in the defocusing case our solution is bounded, and therefore exists globally in time. Finally, for this system, we treat the question of blow-up in finite time under the negativity condition on the energy functional. The technique to be used is adapted from [Bull. Belg. Math. Soc. 21 (2014) 1–17].
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Frezzotti, Massimo, Alessandro Cimbelli, and Jane G. Ferrigno. "Ice-front change and iceberg behaviour along Oates and George V Coasts, Antarctica, 1912-96." Annals of Glaciology 27 (1998): 643–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/1998aog27-1-643-650.
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Ice-front change may well be a sensitive indicator of regional climate change. We have studied the western Oates Coast from Cape Kinsey (158°50' E, 69°19' S) to Cape Hudson (153°45' Ε, 68°20' S) and the entire George V Coast, from Cape Hudson to Point Alden (142°02' E, 66°48' S). The glaciers here drain part of the Dome Charlie and Talos Dome areas (640 000 km2). A comparison between various documents, dated several years apart, has allowed an estimate of the surficial ice discharge, the ice-front fluctuation and the iceberg-calving flux during the last 50 years. The ice-front discharge of the studied coast has been estimated at about 90 ± 12 km3a−1 in 1989-91, 8.5 km3a−1 for western Oates Coast and 82 km3a−1 for George V Coast. From 1962-63 to 1973-74 the floating glaciers underwent a net reduction that continued from 1973-74 to 1989-91. On the other hand, from 1989-91 to 1996 the area of floating glaciers increased. Ninnis Glacier Tongue and the western part of Cook Ice Shelf underwent a significant retreat after 1980 and 1947, respectively. Satellite-image analysis of large icebergs has provided information about ice-ocean interaction and the existence of an “iceberg trap” along George V Coast. A first estimate of the mass balance of the drainage basin of Mertz and Ninnis Glaciers shows a value close to zero or slightly negative.
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PAULA, Fabiana Martins de, Elísio de CASTRO, Maria do Rosário de Fátima GONÇALVES-PIRES, Maria das Graças MARÇAL, Maria B. CAMPOS, and Julia Maria COSTA-CRUZ. "Parasitological and immunological diagnoses of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised children at Uberlândia, state of Minas Gerais, Brazil." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 42, no. 1 (February 2000): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652000000100009.
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Parasitological and immunological diagnoses were part of a study conducted among 151 children, 83 immunocompromised (IC) and 68 non-immunocompromised (non-IC) aged from zero to 12, seen at the University Hospital, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from February, 1996, to June, 1998. Three fecal samples from each child were analyzed for the parasitological diagnosis by Baermann-Moraes and Lutz methods. The immunological diagnosis to detect IgG and IgM antibodies was carried out by the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) with cryo-microtome sections of Strongyloides stercoralis and Strongyloides ratti larvae as antigens and by the ELISA test with an alkaline extract of S. ratti as the antigens. Of the 151 children 5 (3.31%) were infected with larvae of S. stercoralis (2 cases IC, 2.41%, and 3 cases non-IC, 4.41%). The IFAT-IgG detected 7 (8.43%) serum samples positive among IC, and 2 (2.94%) cases among non-IC. The ELISA-IgG test detected 10 (12.05%) serum samples positive among IC, and 1 (1.47%) case among non-IC. The IFAT-IgM detected 6 (7.22%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. ELISA-IgM test detected 10 (12.05%) positive cases among IC, and 3 (4.41%) cases among non-IC. It was concluded that the immunological tests can help in the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in immunocompromised children.
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Hill, G. T., and W. A. Sinclair. "Taxa of Leafhoppers Carrying Phytoplasmas at Sites of Ash Yellows Occurrence in New York State." Plant Disease 84, no. 2 (February 2000): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2000.84.2.134.
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Leafhopper (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) populations were sampled and leafhopper carriers of ash yellows (AshY) phytoplasmas were identified as first steps toward vector identification. Nearly 5,000 leafhoppers were collected in malaise traps at two sites of high AshY incidence in New York state in 1996 and 1997. These insects comprised 33 taxa, including representatives of 13 genera known to contain phytoplasma vectors. The most abundant genus was Scaphoideus, with numbers about six times greater than any other genus. A total of 1,632 insects were assayed individually for phytoplasmas by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of phytoplasmal 16S rDNA and restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses of PCR products using restriction enzymes TaqI and RsaI separately. Phytoplasmas were detected in 35 insects, all but one in the subfamily Deltocephalinae. AshY phytoplasmas were detected in 19 of 812 individuals of Scaphoideus spp. and 1 of 87 of Colladonus clitellarius. Phytoplasmas of the Prunus X-disease group were detected in 1 Scaphoideus sp., 4 individuals of C. clitellarius, and 4 of 83 Scaphytopius acutus individuals. Phytoplasmas of the aster yellows group were detected in 1 of 68 individuals of Gyponana spp. and 5 of S. acutus. AshY phytoplasma carriers merit testing for possible vector ability.
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Virgin, Herbert W., Rachel M. Presti, Xi-Yang Li, Carl Liu, and Samuel H. Speck. "Three Distinct Regions of the Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Genome Are Transcriptionally Active in Latently Infected Mice." Journal of Virology 73, no. 3 (March 1, 1999): 2321–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.3.2321-2332.1999.
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ABSTRACT The program(s) of gene expression operating during murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68) latency is undefined, as is the relationship between γHV68 latency and latency of primate gammaherpesviruses. We used a nested reverse transcriptase PCR strategy (sensitive to approximately one copy of γHV68 genome for each genomic region tested) to screen for the presence of viral transcripts in latently infected mice. Based on the positions of known latency-associated genes in other gammaherpesviruses, we screened for the presence of transcripts corresponding to 11 open reading frames (ORFs) in the γHV68 genome in RNA from spleens and peritoneal cells of latently infected B-cell-deficient (MuMT) mice which have been shown contain high levels of reactivable latent γHV68 (K. E. Weck, M. L. Barkon, L. I. Yoo, S. H. Speck, and H. W. Virgin, J. Virol. 70:6775–6780, 1996). To control for the possible presence of viral lytic activity, we determined that RNA from latently infected peritoneal and spleen cells contained few or no detectable transcripts corresponding to seven ORFs known to encode viral gene products associated with lytic replication. However, we did detect low-level expression of transcripts arising from the region of gene 50 (encoding the putative homolog of the Epstein-Barr virus BRLF1 transactivator) in peritoneal but not spleen cells. Latently infected peritoneal cells consistently scored for expression of RNA derived from 4 of the 11 candidate latency-associated ORFs examined, including the regions of ORF M2, ORF M11 (encoding v-bcl-2), gene 73 (a homolog of the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus [human herpesvirus 8] gene encoding latency-associated nuclear antigen), and gene 74 (encoding a G-protein coupled receptor homolog, v-GCR). Latently infected spleen cells consistently scored positive for RNA derived from 3 of the 11 candidate latency-associated ORFs examined, including ORF M2, ORF M3, and ORF M9. To further characterize transcription of these candidate latency-associated ORFs, we examined their transcription in lytically infected fibroblasts by Northern analysis. We detected abundant transcription from regions of the genome containing ORF M3 and ORF M9, as well as the known lytic-cycle genes. However, transcription of ORF M2, ORF M11, gene 73, and gene 74 was barely detectable in lytically infected fibroblasts, consistent with a role of these viral genes during latent infection. We conclude that (i) we have identified several candidate latency genes of murine γHV68, (ii) expression of genes during latency may be different in different organs, consistent with multiple latency programs and/or multiple cellular sites of latency, and (iii) regions of the viral genome (v-bcl-2 gene, v-GCR gene, and gene 73) are transcribed during latency with both γHV68 and primate gammaherpesviruses. The implications of these findings for replacing previous operational definitions of γHV68 latency with a molecular definition are discussed.
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Riechelmann, R., E. Sasse, G. Borghesi, V. Miranda, A. Fede, L. Saad, V. Oliveira, et al. "Randomized phase II trials (RP2T): Selection design or poor man's phase III?" Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2009): 6595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.6595.
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6595 Background: With the increasing number of new anticancer agents, RP2Ts have been used more often, aiming to select active agents to be tested further. RP2Ts are typically underpowered for statistical comparisons of endpoints between treatment arms. We sought to investigate how frequently formal statistical testing (as opposed to “picking the winner”) has been used in RP2Ts. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed for RP2Ts on systemic cancer therapy, using the medical subject headings “drug therapy” and “neoplasms,” and limiting the search to years 1995/1996 and 2005/2006, and to publication type “randomized controlled trials.” For each study, relevant data that were collected independently by two investigators included reporting of P values and confidence intervals (CIs) for primary (PE) and other endpoint(s) results. Results: 288 articles were retrieved and 107 were eligible: 22 were published in 1995/96 and 85 in 2005/06. Median number of arms and patients per RP2Ts were 2 and 94, respectively. PE was response rate in 71 (66.4%), a control arm was present in 55 (51.4%) and 48 (45%) were partially or entirely sponsored by for-profit organizations. For the PE, P values were reported in 50 (47%), and CIs in 69 (65%) RP2Ts. Either P values or CIs for the PE were reported in 85 (79.4%; 95% CI: 70.8% - 86.1%) cases. No temporal trend was identified in such practice (17 of 22 RP2Ts from 1995/1996 and 68 of 85 RP2Ts from 2005/2006). Likewise, source of funding and use of a control group were not associated with reporting P values/CIs for PE. Conclusions: Our study suggests that formal statistical comparisons are frequently performed between arms of RP2Ts. Further studies are needed in order to identify factors that are associated with such practice. [Table: see text]
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Peters, Nial J., Ian C. Willis, and Neil S. Arnold. "Numerical analysis of rapid water transfer beneath Antarctica." Journal of Glaciology 55, no. 192 (2009): 640–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/002214309789470923.
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AbstractWe use a simple energy-conservation model and a model based on Röthlisberger’s theory for steady-state water flow in a subglacial conduit to model water movement between lakes in the Adventure subglacial trench region of East Antarctica during a 1996–98 jökulhlaup. Using available field evidence to constrain the models suggests that water flow would likely be accommodated in a tunnel with a cross-sectional area of 36 m2 and a value for k (the reciprocal of Manning’s roughness parameter) larger than the 12.5 m1/3 s−1 previously calculated. We also use Nye’s theory for time-dependent conduit water flow to model the temporal evolution of conduit discharge, cross-sectional area, water pressure and lake draining and filling during the flood. We initially assume one source and one sink lake. We perform sensitivity tests on the input parameter set, matching modeled source- and sink-lake depth changes with measured surface elevation data. Using a simple function for vertical ice deformation in which surface deformation scales linearly to the lake depth change, we find the scaling factor is of the order 4 × 10−3 of the ice thickness. The most likely value of k lies in the range 55–68 m1/3 s−1, and the ratio of source to sink-lake radii is approximately 1 : 1.4. Finally, we experiment using Nye’s theory to model water movement between one source and three sink lakes. The model fails to produce the observed patterns of water movement as indicated by the surface deformation data.
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Liu, A., K. Losos, and A. L. Joyner. "FGF8 can activate Gbx2 and transform regions of the rostral mouse brain into a hindbrain fate." Development 126, no. 21 (November 1, 1999): 4827–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.126.21.4827.
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The mid/hindbrain junction region, which expresses Fgf8, can act as an organizer to transform caudal forebrain or hindbrain tissue into midbrain or cerebellar structures, respectively. FGF8-soaked beads placed in the chick forebrain can similarly induce ectopic expression of mid/hindbrain genes and development of midbrain structures (Crossley, P. H., Martinez, S. and Martin, G. R. (1996) Nature 380, 66–68). In contrast, ectopic expression of Fgf8a in the mouse midbrain and caudal forebrain using a Wnt1 regulatory element produced no apparent patterning defects in the embryos examined (Lee, S. M., Danielian, P. S., Fritzsch, B. and McMahon, A. P. (1997) Development 124, 959–969). We show here that FGF8b-soaked beads can not only induce expression of the mid/hindbrain genes En1, En2 and Pax5 in mouse embryonic day 9.5 (E9.5) caudal forebrain explants, but also can induce the hindbrain gene Gbx2 and alter the expression of Wnt1 in both midbrain and caudal forebrain explants. We also show that FGF8b-soaked beads can repress Otx2 in midbrain explants. Furthermore, Wnt1-Fgf8b transgenic embryos in which the same Wnt1 regulatory element is used to express Fgf8b, have ectopic expression of En1, En2, Pax5 and Gbx2 in the dorsal hindbrain and spinal cord at E10.5, as well as exencephaly and abnormal spinal cord morphology. More strikingly, Fgf8b expression in more rostral brain regions appears to transform the midbrain and caudal forebrain into an anterior hindbrain fate through expansion of the Gbx2 domain and repression of Otx2 as early as the 7-somite stage. These findings suggest that normal Fgf8 expression in the anterior hindbrain not only functions to maintain development of the entire mid/hindbrain by regulating genes like En1, En2 and Pax5, but also might function to maintain a metencephalic identity by regulating Gbx2 and Otx2 expression.
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Schulze, Margit. "Empfehlenswertes Lehrbuch: Makromolekulare Chemie. Ein Lehrbuch für Chemiker, Physiker, Materialwissenschaftler und Verfahrenstechniker. Von M. D. Lechner, K. Gehrke, E. Nordmeier. 2. überarb. u. erw. Aufl. Birkhäuser, Basel, 1996. 532 S., brosch., 68,- D." Nachrichten aus Chemie, Technik und Laboratorium 45, no. 3 (March 1997): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nadc.19970450320.
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Mernild, Sebastian H., Glen E. Liston, Christopher A. Hiemstra, and Konrad Steffen. "Surface Melt Area and Water Balance Modeling on the Greenland Ice Sheet 1995–2005." Journal of Hydrometeorology 9, no. 6 (December 1, 2008): 1191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jhm957.1.
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Abstract SnowModel, a physically based snow-evolution modeling system that includes four submodels—MicroMet, EnBal, SnowPack, and SnowTran-3D—was used to simulate variations in Greenland [including the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS)] surface snow and ice melt, as well as water balance components, for 1995–2005. Meteorological observations from 25 stations inside and outside the GrIS were used as model input. Winter and summer mass balance observations, spatial snow depth observations, and snowmelt depletion curves derived from time-lapse photography from the Mittivakkat and Zackenberg glacierized catchments in East Greenland were used to validate the performance of SnowModel. Model results compared well with observed values, confirming the robustness of the model. The yearly modeled GrIS interior nonmelt area differs from satellite observations by a maximum of ∼68 000 km2 (or ∼6%) in 2004, and the lowest uncertainties (<8000 km2, or <1%) occur for the years with the smallest (2005) and most extensive (1996) nonmelt areas. Modeled surface melt occurred at elevations reaching 2950 m MSL for 2005, while the equilibrium line altitude (ELA) fluctuates from 1640 to 600 m MSL. The modeled interannual variability in the nonmelt area also agrees with observation records (R2 = 0.96), yielding simulated GrIS nonmelt covers of 71% for 1996 and 50% for 2005. On average, the simulated nonmelt area decreased ∼6% from 1995 to 2005; this trend is similar to observed values. An average surface mass balance (SMB) storage of 138(±81) km3 yr−1, a GrIS loss of 257(±81) km3 yr−1, and a runoff contribution to the ocean of 392(±58) km3 yr−1 occurred for the period 1995–2005. Approximately 58% and 42% of the runoff came from the GrIS western and eastern drainage areas, respectively. The modeled average specific runoff from the GrIS was 6.71 s−1 km−2 yr−1, which, over the simulation period, represents a contribution of ∼1.1 mm yr−1 to global sea level rise.
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Nachman, J., N. Siebel, H. Sather, P. Steinherz, C. DeLaat, D. Fryer, L. A. Mattano, et al. "Outcome for Adolescent and Young Adults 16–21 years of age (AYA) with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Treated on the Children’ s Cancer Group (CCG) 1961 Study." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 683. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.683.683.
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Abstract AYA Patients 16–21 years of age with ALL are treated on both pediatric and adult ALL protocols. Recent publications have suggested that AYA patients treated on pediatric protocols have a significantly better outcome than those treated on adult protocols. From November 1996 to May 2002, 262 AYA ALL patients were entered on the CCG 1961 protocol. Treatment was based on the following observations from the previous CCG 1882 Protocol (1989–1995). 1) For patients with rapid early response (< = 25% blasts in a day seven bone marrow aspirate-RER), in the context of CCG modified BFM therapy (S-BFM), pre-symptomatic central nervous system therapy with intensive intrathecal (IT) methotrexate (MTX) alone provided equivalent results to standard IT MTX and cranial radiation (CRT). 2) For patients with slow early response (> than 25 blasts on day 7-SER), the augmented BFM (A-BFM) regimen produced a significant improvement in outcome compared to S-BFM. A-BFM featured a significant increase in dose intensity for vincristine (VCR), L-asparaginase (L-ASP), and steroid, the use of intravenous MTX without rescue in conjunction with VCR and L-ASP in interim maintenance (IM), and a second IM and delayed intensification (DI) phase. RER patients on 1961 were randomized to one of four arms; S-BFM, S-BFM with a second standard IM and DI phase, A-BFM with only 1 IM/DI phase, and full A-BFM. SER patients were randomized to A-BFM or A-BFM with Idarubicin/Cytoxan pulses added to the 2 DI phases. One hundred ninety patients had < 50K WBC (73.4%) and 21% had T cell immunophenotype. Seven patients had a t (9/22) and three patients had a t (4/11). Five year EFS for AYA patients treated on CCG 1961 was 68% ± 3.7% and the five-year survival was 77% ± 3.2%. The majority of events were isolated bone marrow relapses. For RER AYA patients, five year EFS for patients treated on the augmented intensity arms (N=87) was 83.2% compared to 60.8% for patients treated on the standard intensity arms (N=76) (P = .10). Within the augmented intensity arms, there was no difference in EFS for patients randomized to one or two DI phases. There was no difference in EFS for the 2 SER treatment arms. 5 year EFS was 78% for the Idarubicin/Cytoxan arm and 74% for the ABFM arm. Five year EFS for AYA patients with < 50K WBC was 73.2% (N=190) versus 54% for AYA patients with > 50K WBC. Unlike younger patients, there was no difference in outcome for males and females. Conclusions: 1) AYA patients with ALL have a 68% 5 year EFS when treated with BFM based chemotherapy. 2) WBC < 50K predicts for a favorable outcome. 3) Early augmented intensity therapy appears to improve outcome for AYA ALL patients showing a rapid response to induction therapy.
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Heishi, Takahiro, Hirotaka Ishida, Yu Onodera, Ken Ito, Takuro Konno, Shota Maruyama, Chiaki Sato, et al. "RA09.06: LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF 650 ESOPHAGEAL CANCER PATIENTS WITH THORACOSCOPIC ESOPHAGECTOMY." Diseases of the Esophagus 31, Supplement_1 (September 1, 2018): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/dote/doy089.ra09.06.
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Abstract Background In 1996 Akaishi et al. reported the first thoracoscopic esophagectomy (TE) in Japan. Total 650 TEs for esophageal cancer have been performed in our institute by October 2016. There are many reports about the short-term outcomes of TE compared with open esophagectomy (OE), but the long-term outcomes of TE have been under debate. The aim of this study is to investigate the survival benefits of TE and to compare with OE and long-term outcomes which other previous reports showed. Methods A total 750 cases who underwent TE (N = 650) or OE (N = 100) between 1994 and 2015 in our hospital were included in this study. They were divided into four groups; surgery without any preoperative treatments (group S, N = 414), surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (Group NAC, clinical stage II or III, N = 116), surgery after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (Group NACRT, clinical stage II or III, N = 68) and salvage surgery after definitive chemoradiotherapy (Group SALV, N = 76). In group S, 100 patients received OE and 314 received TE. The other 3 groups (Group NAC, NACRT and SALV) received only TE. 3-year, 5-year overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates for each group were analyzed and compared. Results In group S, the 5-year OS rate of TE was 63.4% and that of OE was 68.3%, there was no significant difference (Log-Rank test P = 0.41). Stage-specific OS rates of TE and OE were also compared and there was no significant difference. PFS rates of OE and TE showed the same tendency of OS. 5-year OS rate of group NAC was 63.5%. 3-year OS of group NACRT was 61.4%. 3-year and 5-year OS of group SALV were 41.4% and 34.0%. These results were the same or better than what the previous reports showed. Conclusion The long-term outcomes of TE were almost same as those of OE. The TE procedure resulted in similar or potentially better long-term outcomes in case of NAC, NACRT and SALV. It's acceptable to say thoracoscopic approach is the standard of esophagectomy. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.
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Гаврилів, Оксана. "Вербальна агресія: між насильством і безсиллям." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.2.hav.
Full textAbstract:
У статті здійснено диференціацію понять «вербальна агресія» – «вербальне насильство», які дотепер розглядалися синонімічно не лише філософами мови, а й мовознавцями. Виділено спектр функцій вербальної агресії від комунікативної інтенції «образа, приниження» до жартівливого, лаудативного вживання (фіктивна вербальна агресія). Висунуто гіпотезу про комплексність комунікативних інтенцій, які лежать в основі вербальноагресивних актів і вирішальну роль катартичної функції. Результати дослідження підтвердили нашу гіпотезу про комплексний характер вербальної агресії, який виявляється в поліфункціональності і домінуванні катартичної функції. Емпіричну основу творять усні і письмові опитування мешканців м. Відень (Австрія). Загалом опитано 386 осіб різного віку, соціального стану і в однаковій кількості представників обох статей.
Література
References
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Bach, G. R., Goldberg, H. (1981). Keine Angst vor Aggression. Die Kunst der Selbstbehauptung. FaM: Fischer.
Biffar, R. (1994). Verbale Aggressionsstrategien. Analyse, Systematik, Anwendung. Aachen: Shaker.
Burgen, S. (1998). Bloody hell, verdammt noch mal! Eine europäische Schimpfkunde. München: Dt. Taschenbuch.
Butler, J. (2006). Haß spricht. Zur Politik des Performativen. FaM: Suhrkamp.
Cherubim, D. (1991). Sprache und Aggression. Krieg im Alltag – Alltag und Krieg. Loccumer Protokolle, 58, 11-35.
Devkin, V. D. (1996). Der russische Tabuwortschatz. Leipzig: Langenscheidt Enzyklopädie.
Ehalt, Ch. (2015). Vorwort. In: Schmäh als ästhetische Strategie der Wiener Avantgarde, (S. 7-10). Suchy, I., Krejci, H. (Hg.).Weitra: Bibliothek der Provinz.
Ermen, I. (1996). Fluch – Abwehr – Beschimpfung. Pragmatik der formelhaften Aggression im Serbokroatischen. FaM u.a.: Peter Lang.
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References (translated and transliterated)
Aman, R. (1972). Psychologisch-sprachliche Einleitung in das Schimpfen. In: Bayrisch-Österreichisches Schimpfwörterbuch, (S. 153-188). R. Aman (Hg.). München: Süddeutscher Verlag.
Bach, G. R., Goldberg, H. (1981). Keine Angst vor Aggression. Die Kunst der Selbstbehauptung. FaM: Fischer.
Biffar, R. (1994). Verbale Aggressionsstrategien. Analyse, Systematik, Anwendung. Aachen: Shaker.
Burgen, S. (1998). Bloody hell, verdammt noch mal! Eine europäische Schimpfkunde. München: Dt. Taschenbuch.
Butler, J. (2006). Haß spricht. Zur Politik des Performativen. FaM: Suhrkamp.
Cherubim, D. (1991). Sprache und Aggression. Krieg im Alltag – Alltag und Krieg. Loccumer Protokolle, 58, 11-35.
Devkin, V. D. (1996). Der russische Tabuwortschatz. Leipzig: Langenscheidt Enzyklopädie.
Ehalt, Ch. (2015). Vorwort. In: Schmäh als ästhetische Strategie der Wiener Avantgarde, (S. 7-10). Suchy, I., Krejci, H. (Hg.).Weitra: Bibliothek der Provinz.
Ermen, I. (1996). Fluch – Abwehr – Beschimpfung. Pragmatik der formelhaften Aggression im Serbokroatischen. FaM u.a.: Peter Lang.
Faust, M. (1970). Metaphorische Schimpfwörter. Indogermanische Forschungen, 74, 57-47.
Fiehler, R. (1990). Kommunikation und Emotion. Berlin u.a.: Walter de Gruyter.
Freud, S. (1994). Der Humor. In: S. Freud Studienausgabe Bd. IV, (S. 275-282). A. Mitscherlich, J. Strachey, A. Richards (Hg.). FaM: Fischer.
Gauger, H-M. (2012). Das Feuchte und das Schmutzige. Kleine Linguistik der vulgären Sprache. München: Beck.
Graber, H. G. (1931). Zur Psychoanalyse des Fluchens. Psychoanalytische Bewegung, 3, 57-68.
Havryliv, O. (2009). Verbale Aggression. Formen und Funktionen am Beispiel des Wienerischen. FaM, Wien u.a.: Peter Lang.
Herrmann, S. K., Krämer, S., Kuch, H. (Hg.). (2007). Verletzende Worte. Die Grammatik sprachlicher Missachtung. Bielefeld: Transcript.
Hess-Lüttich, E.W.B. (2008). HimmelHerrgottSakrament! Gopfridstutz! und Sacklzement! Vom Fluchen und Schimpfen – Malediktologische Beobachtungen. Kodikas/Code. An International Journal of Semiotics, 31(3-4), 327-337.
Holzinger, H. (1984). Beschimpfungen im heutigen Französisch. Pragmatische, syntaktische und semantische Aspekte. Ph.D. Dissertation: Universität Salzburg.
Kiener, F. (1983). Das Wort als Waffe. Zur Psychologie der verbalen Aggression. Göttingen: Vandenhoek & Ruprecht.
Kotthoff, H., Jashari, S., Klingenberg, D. (2013). Komik (in) der Migrationsgesellschaft. Konstanz und München: UVK Verlagsgesellschaft.
Krämer, S. (Hg.) (2010). Gewalt in der Sprache. Rhetoriken verletzenden Sprechens. München: Wilhelm Fink.
Liebsch, B. (2007). Subtile Gewalt. Weilerswirt: Velbrück Wiss.
Lötscher, A. (1980). Lappi, Lööli, blööde Siech! Schimpfen und Fluchen im Schweizerdeutschen. Frauenfeld: Huber.
Mokienko, V., Walter, H. (1999). Lexikographische Probleme eines mehrsprachigen Schimpfwörterbuchs. Anzeiger für slawische Philologie, XXVI, 199-210.
Opelt, I. (1965). Die lateinischen Schimpfwörter und verwandte sprachliche Erscheinungen. Heidelberg: Winter.
Rehbock, H. (1987). Konfliktaustragung in Wort und Spiel. Analyse eines Streitgesprächs von Grundschulkindern. In: Konflikte in Gesprächen, (S. 176- 238). G. Schank, J. Schwitalla (Hg.). Tübingen: Gunter Narr.
Schumann, H. B. (1990). Sprecherabsicht: Beschimpfung. Zeitschrift für Phonetik, Sprachwissenschaft und Kommunikationsforschung, 43, 259-281.
Schwarz-Friesel, M. (2013). Sprache und Emotion. Tübingen und Basel: Francke.
Searle, J. R. (1971). Sprechakte. Ein sprachphilosophischer Essay. FaM.: Suhrkamp.
Sornig, K. (1975). Beschimpfungen. Grazer Linguistische Studien, 1, 150- 170.
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Dybov, Vladislav А., Dmitrii V. Serikov, Galina S. Ryzhkova, and Aleksey I. Dontsov. "Роста и субструктура пленок ниобата лития." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 21, no. 1 (March 6, 2019): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2019.21/716.
Full textAbstract:
Проведены исследования начальных стадий роста пленок ниобата лития на Si в процессе ВЧМР, исследовано влияние условий ВЧМР и последующих обработок (ТО, ИФО, БТО) на структуру, субструктуру и ориентацию получаемых покрытий. Установлено, что начальные стадии роста пленок ниобата лития в процессе ВЧМР на подогретой до 550 °С Si подложке характеризуются островковым зарождением кристаллитов и последующей их коалесценцией. Показана возможность управления текстурой пленок ниобата лития в процессе ВЧМР в условиях воздействия плазмы ВЧ-разряда, путем изменения состава рабочего газа. Показан эффект ИФО в кристаллизации аморфных пленок состава ниобата лития, заключающийся в формировании однофазной нанокристаллической пленки ниобата лития, в процессе обработки на воздухе.
ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ
Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект № 18-33-00836.
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
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Ornan, Tallay. "Who is holding the lead rope? The relief of the Broken Obelisk." Iraq 69 (2007): 59–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021088900001066.
Full textAbstract:
The step-topped, free-standing square monument called in modern literature the Broken Obelisk was found by Hormuzd Rassam at Nineveh, near the Ishtar temple on the mound of Kuyunjik. It is the earliest monument of this kind, and it differs in its pictorial rendering from the later, so-called Assyrian obelisks. Whereas the succeeding examples display reliefs on their four sides, creating consecutive narratives, the Broken Obelisk exhibits a single, motionless relief on its front, the subject of the present paper (Börker-Klähn 1982, Nos. 132, 138–45, 152; Bär 1996, 57-68, 88–99, 101–5, 148–65).My aim here is to shed light on the motif of the king holding prisoners of war by means of lead ropes and to examine the bearing of this motif on the status of the royal image in pictorial renderings. According to different interpretations of the scene, the king holds a ring and rod (Börker-Klähn 1982, 178, No. 131 with earlier bibliography), or a ceremonial mace (Russell 2003, 4) as well as lead rope(s) with which he binds prisoners of war standing in front of him (e.g. Pritchard 1969, 300, No. 440; Strommenger 1964, 437, PI. 188, bottom; Börker-Klähn 1982, 178; Collon 1995, 117; Russell 2003, 4). My initial interest in the iconography of the Broken Obelisk was aroused by the fact that on it the so-called ring and rod symbols of kingship granted by the gods, are held by the king, whereas usually they are held by a deity in compositions conveying the very act of the divine giving (Hallo 2005, 150–1, 161; Suter 2000, 6–7; Ornan 2005, 12).
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El Mahdy, Cristina Iuliana, Silvana Popescu, Anca Boaru, and Cristin Borda. "Assessing the Chemical Status of Water from Wells Which Supply Farms Located on Romania's territory. Part I." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Animal Science and Biotechnologies 73, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:12154.
Full textAbstract:
Aim of this study was to assess the chemical status of water by point of view of the indicators parameters coming from the decentralized system of water supply (wells) and which supply the water of dairy farms performed in 63 wells from the same number of farms from 5 located in: S-E, N-W and central of Romania at the request of farmers. It has been studied the parameters that indicate the status of water acidification: pH (SRISO 10523/97); indicator parameters having as landmark the minimum list of parameters monitored by the laboratories of profile from county public health department: hardness (STAS 3326/76), iron (STAS 3086/68), CCOMn (STAS:3002/85), ammonia (spectrometry), parameters indicative of saline inclusions: chlorides (STAS 3049/88), sulfates (SRISO 10523/97). Characterization of the chemical state of water: good or poor was done after the values that define the worst condition. The limit values for each parameter are compared to those required by the L.107/1996, L.458/2002, 311/2004, O.621/2012. Were recorded values which attesting good quality status for 21 wells:[ 1 Buzău (BZ),12 Cluj (CJ),2 Mureş (MS),6 Sălaj (SJ)] and 42 wells whose water quality status it is poor (6 AB, 5 BZ,17 CJ, 7 MS). Exceeding the limits values were found at the parameters: CCOMn (CJ: 05.29±3.87mgO2/dm3, 10.59±2.04 mgO2/dm3 AB); ammonia: (AB: 0.56±0.08 mg/dm3, MS: 0.51±0.1 mg/dm3), iron (BZ: 0.85±1.05 mg/dm3, CJ: 0.37±0.47 mg/dm3, MS: 0.62±0.57mg/dm3), chlorides (AB: 330.42±208.8 mg/dm3, MS: 243.18±164.8 mg/dm3). Contamination risk score of wells in the studied areas is medium (3 point).
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Miller, K., M. S. Czuczman, L. Dimiceli, S. Padmanabhan, D. Lawrence, Z. Bernstein, K. Takeshita, et al. "Lenalidomide (L) induces high response rates with molecular remission in patients (pts) with relapsed (rel) or refractory (ref) chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)." Journal of Clinical Oncology 24, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2006): 6517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2006.24.18_suppl.6517.
Full textAbstract:
6517 Background: Tumor microenvironment (ME) is critical in CLL pathogenesis. Targeting the ME is a novel approach in CLL therapeutics. Lenalidomide (Revlimid, L) is an immunomodulating agent (IMiD), approved for pts with transfusion-dependent low or intermediate-1 risk myelodysplastic syndrome with deletion 5q cytogenetic abnormality. Its antitumor activity is possibly mediated through (a) downregulation of cytokine(s) - TNF-α, VEGF, PDGF and IL-6 and/or (b) activation of immune effector cells (T & NK cells). We investigated its antitumor activity in rel/ref CLL pts. Here we present the final results of the first cohort of pts treated with 25mg daily dose of L. Methods: Oral L was given at 25mg/day for 21 out of a 28 day cycle. Anti-leukemic effects were recorded after each cycle using NCI-WG 1996 criteria. Treatment was continued until molecular complete response (mCR) or progressive disease (PD). Those with PD were then treated with L in combination with rituximab (reported separately). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for immunoglobulin heavy chain gene was used to determine molecular remission (mCR). Results: Twenty-nine pts (median age 64 years; range: 47–75) have been enrolled. Toxicity is reported on all, while response on 19 evaluable pts. Nine pts are inevaluable (2 withdrew consent and 5 received < 2 months of therapy due to toxicity). Major response was noted in 13 of 19 evaluable pts (68%) with 3 CR (2 mCR) and 10 PR. Toxicity: Most common grade 3/4 adverse effects (AE) were neutropenia (60%) and thrombocytopenia (55%). Another common AE was tumor flare (79%); characterized by tender swelling of lymph nodes and/or rash, noted in almost all pts. Conclusions: L at 25mg/day dose given on days 1–21 in a 28 day cycle yields high ORR including mCR in rel/ref CLL. Hematologic toxicity was the most common AE requiring dose reduction. Overall safety profile was predictable and manageable. A slow dose escalation schema, starting at 15mg is being investigated. [Table: see text]
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Pane, A., S. L. Cosentino, V. Copani, and S. O. Cacciola. "First Report of Southern Blight Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii on Hemp (Cannabis sativa) in Sicily and Southern Italy." Plant Disease 91, no. 5 (May 2007): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis-91-5-0636a.
Full textAbstract:
Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.), family Cannabaceae, is an annual herbaceous plant that is 1.5 to 4.0 m tall and native to the Caucasus Region, northern India, and Iran. It is cultivated in warm to temperate regions worldwide for its fiber, oil, and psychoactive substances. In Europe, commercial plantings have decreased from 52,872 ha in 1989 to 18,716 ha in 2005. Recently however, cultivation of hemp as a natural fiber species has been encouraged by European Union policy (2). During the summer of 2003, patches of dead plants were observed in test plots of 12 monoecious and dioecious hemp cultivars (Beniko, Epsylon 68, Felina 34, Ferimon, Fedora 17, Futura 75, Bialobrzeskie, Dioica 88, Fibranova, Tiborszallasi, Lovrin, and Carmagnola) in an experimental field near Catania (eastern Sicily) previously planted to artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.). Plots were irrigated with a drip irrigation system. Symptoms were first detected in July with day/night temperatures between 35 and 26°C. Infected plants showed a dark brown-to-tan discoloration of the stem near the soil line. As disease progressed, the rot extended down to the crown and taproot, foliage became yellow, and the entire plant eventually collapsed. An extensive white, cottony mycelium and numerous spherical tan-to-dark brown sclerotia (0.5 to 4.0 mm in diameter) developed externally on infected tissues and soil. As much as 60% of the plants were affected in a single plot. Monoecious cultivars that had been planted earlier escaped the disease. Isolations from diseased tissues were performed by plating symptomatic tissues previously disinfected for 1 min in 1% NaOCl and rinsed in sterile water on acidified potato dextrose agar (pH 4.5). Isolations consistently yielded a fungus whose characters corresponded to Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. (teleomorph Athelia rolfsii (Curzi) Tu & Kimbrough). Pathogenicity of two isolates obtained from infected plants was confirmed by inoculating 120-day-old hemp plants grown in individual pots. Twenty plants for each of the above listed cultivars (10 plants for each isolate) were inoculated by applying toothpick tips (5 mm) colonized by S. rolfsii to the lower part of the stem. Ten noninoculated plants served as controls. Plants were kept in a greenhouse with temperatures between 26 and 32°C and 95% relative humidity. High soil moisture was maintained with frequent watering. All inoculated plants showed blight and basal stem rot after 2 weeks, irrespective of the cultivar. By the third week, plants began to dry up and mycelium and sclerotia developed on the crown. Noninoculated controls remained symptomless. S. rolfsii was reisolated from inoculated plants. Although S. rolfsii has been reported on hemp in India since the 1930s (3), to our knowledge, this is the first report of southern blight caused by this fungus on C. sativa in Sicily and southern Italy. Residues of artichoke, a very susceptible host of S. rolfsii (1), might have been the source of inoculum for this outbreak on hemp. Most likely, high summer temperatures and overirrigation exacerbated the disease severity. References: (1) C. Cariddi and R. Lops. La Difesa delle Piante 19(1):27, 1996. (2) S. L. Cosentino et al. Agroindustria 2:137, 2003. (3) G. P. Hector. Ann. Rep. Dep. Agric. Bengal 35, 1931.
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Troncoso Espinosa, Fredy Humberto, and Javiera Valentina Ruiz Tapia. "PREDICCIÓN DE FUGA DE CLIENTES EN UNA EMPRESA DE DISTRIBUCIÓN DE GAS NATURAL MEDIANTE EL USO DE MINERÍA DE DATOS." Universidad Ciencia y Tecnología 24, no. 106 (November 16, 2020): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/uct.v24i106.399.
Full textAbstract:
La fuga de clientes es un problema relevante al que enfrentan las empresas de servicios y que les puede generar pérdidas económicas significativas. Identificar los elementos que llevan a un cliente a dejar de consumir un servicio es una tarea compleja, sin embargo, mediante su comportamiento es posible estimar una probabilidad de fuga asociada a cada uno de ellos. Esta investigación aplica minería de datos para la predicción de la fuga de clientes en una empresa de distribución de gas natural, mediante dos técnicas de machine learning: redes neuronales y support vector machine. Los resultados muestran que mediante la aplicación de estas técnicas es posible identificar los clientes con mayor probabilidad de fuga para tomar sobre estas acciones de retenciónoportunas y focalizadas, minimizando los costos asociados al error en la identificación de estos clientes.
Palabras Clave: fuga de clientes, minería de datos, machine learning, distribución de gas natural.
Referencias
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Zenger, Erich. "Eberhard Bons, Psalm 31 - Rettung als Paradigma. Eine synchron-leserorientierte Analyse (Frankfurter Theologische Studien 48), Frankfurt a. M. (Josef Knecht) 1994, XII u. 307 S., DM 68,-; ISBN 3-7820-0708-5.\Bernd Willmes, Freude Ober die Vergebung der Sanden. Synchrone und diachrone Analyse von Psalm 32 (Fuldaer Hochschulschriften 28), Frankfurt a. Main (Josef Knecht) 1996, 108 S.; ISBN 3-7820-0736-0.\Franz Sedlmeier, Jerusalem - Jahwes Bau. Untersuchungen zu Komposition und Theologie von Psalm 147 (Fzb 79), Wurzburg (Echter) 1996, 395 S., kart. DM 48,-; ISBN 3-429-01792-0." Biblische Zeitschrift 42, no. 2 (September 24, 1998): 156–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/25890468-04202032.
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Mocikova, Heidi, Jana Markova, Lubica Gaherova, Lukas Smolej, Martin Simkovic, and Tomas Kozak. "Outcome of Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma transformed from Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia." Blood 126, no. 23 (December 3, 2015): 5298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v126.23.5298.5298.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) that develops in the course of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a rare event. Optimal management of these patients (pts) is not defined. We analyzed outcome of 10 pts treated for Hodgkin´s variant (HV) of Richter syndrome. Patients and methods. Overall 10 pts (8 males) with CLL and subsequent HV were treated between 1996 and 2015. Median age at diagnosis of HV was 68 (range 54 - 83) years. Prognostic markers of CLL at diagnosis: unmutated IGHV (5 pts), del(17p) or TP53 mutations (0 pt), del(11q) (2 pts), deletion of 13q14 region (4 pts), trisomy 12 (2 pts), ZAP 70 pos. (6 pts), CD38 pos.(4pts). The diagnosis of HV included various subtypes of HL: nodular sclerosis (3pts), mixed cellularity (3pts), lymphocyte rich (1pt), not othervise specified (3pts). EBV status of pts at diagnosis of HV of Richter syndrome: 6 pos., 1 negat. nad 3 not done. Initial and second-line treatments of CLL consisted of fludarabine- based regimens combined with rituximab or alemtuzumab and 3 pts received chlorambucil. Treatment of HV of Richter syndrome included: ABVD (7 pts) in combination with rituximab (2 pts), COPP (3 pts) and involved field radiotherapy of 30 Gy after chemotherapy (2 pts). Further treatment was required in 6 pts due to insufficient response with persistent CLL: rituximab alone (2 pts), R-bendamustine (1pt), R-DHAP (1 pt), cyclophosphamide and dexamethasone (1 pt) and gemcitabine (1 pt). None of these patients underwent autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Results. The median time from CLL diagnosis to development of HV was 8.4 (range 2.6 - 16.5) years. Median overall survival from diagosis of CLL was 17.3 years and median survival after diagnosis of HV was 3.5 years. Out of 10 pts 5 are alive :3 in complete remission (CR), 1in partial remission of CLL (HL in CR), 2 in progression of CLL (HL in CR). Five pts died (3 lymphoma progressions, 1 second cancer, 1 unknown causality). Conclusion. Our results indicate a long period for developing of HV of Richter syndrome and its subsequent poor outcome. Current HL based chemotherapy is not sufficient in HV of Richter syndrome and new treatment approaches should be considered. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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González-Gallegos, Jesús Guadalupe. "Salvia ramamoorthyana and S. omissa (Lamiaceae), two names for two old and largely confused species from Mexico." Phytotaxa 236, no. 3 (December 1, 2015): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.236.3.2.
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Bentham, G. (1832–1836) Labiatarum genera et species. Ridgeway, London, 783 pp.Bentham, G. (1848) Labiatae. In: Candolle, A. de (Ed.) Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis. Victor Masson, Paris, pp. 27–603.Briquet, J. (1898) Fragmenta monographiea Labiatarum, fasciculus V, observations sur quelques Labiées intéressantes ou nouvelles principalement de L’Herbier Delessert. Annuaire du Conservatoire et du jardins botaniques de Genève 2: 102–251.Cornejo-Tenorio, G. & Ibarra-Manríquez, G. (2011) Diversidad y distribución del género Salvia (Lamiaceae) en Michoacán, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 82: 1279–1296.Epling, C. (1939) A revision of Salvia subgenus Calosphace. Feddes Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 110: 1–383.Epling, C. (1940) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 67: 509–534. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2480972Epling, C. (1941) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-II. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 68: 552–568. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2481456Epling, C. (1944) Supplementary notes on American Labiataae-III. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 71: 484–497. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2481241Epling, C. (1947) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-IV. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 74: 512–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2481876Epling, C. (1951) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-V. Brittonia 7: 129–142. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804702Epling, C. (1960) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-VII. Brittonia 12: 140–150. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2805214Epling, C. & Játiva, C. (1963) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-VIII. Brittonia 15: 366–376. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2805381Epling, C. & Játiva, C. (1966) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-IX. Brittonia 18: 255–265. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2805366Epling, C. & Játiva, C. (1968) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-X. Brittonia 20: 295–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2805687Epling, C. & Mathias, M.E. (1957) Supplementary notes on American Labiatae-VI. Brittonia 8: 297–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2804980Espejo Serna, A. & Ramamoorthy, T.P. (1993) Revisión taxonómica de Salvia sección Sigmoideae (Lamiaceae). Acta Botanica Mexicana 23: 65–102.Fernald, M.L. (1900) A synopsis of the Mexican and Central American species of Salvia. Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University 19: 490–556. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25129966González-Gallegos, J.G. & Castro-Castro, A. (2013) New insights on Salvia platyphylla (Lamiaceae) and description of S. pugana and S. albiterrarum, two new species from Jalisco, Mexico. Phytotaxa 93 (2): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.93.2.1González-Gallegos, J.G. & Gama-Villanueva, O.J. (2013) Resurrection of Salvia species (Lamiaceae) recently synonymized in Flora Mesoamericana. Phytotaxa 151 (1): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.151.1.1González-Gallegos, J.G., Vázquez-García, J.A. & Cházaro-Basáñez, M.J. (2013) Salvia carreyesii, Salvia ibugana and Salvia ramirezii (Lamiaceae), three new species from Jalisco, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 84: 7–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7550/rmb.29131Hemsley, W.B. (1881–1882) Botany vol. II. In: Godman, D. & Salvin, O. (Eds.) Biologia centrali-americana. R. H. Porter and Dulau & Co., London, pp. 621.Jenks, A.A., Walker, J.B. & Kim, S.-C. (2013) Phylogeny of New World Salvia subgenus Calosphace (Lamiaceae) based on cpDNA (psbA-trnH) and nrDNA (ITS) sequence data. Journal of Plant Research 126: 483–496. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10265-012-0543-1Klitgaard, B. (2012) Salvia L. In: Davidse, G., Sousa, -S.M., Knapp, S. & Chiang, F. (Eds.) Flora Mesoamericana 4(2), Rubiaceae a Verbenaceae. Missouri Botanical Press, St. Louis, pp. 396–424.Kunth, C.S. (1817) Nova genera et species plantarum. The Greek-Latin-Germanic Library, Paris, 404 pp.Linnaeus, C. (1753) Species plantarum. Salvius, Stockholm, 1200 pp.McNeill, J., Barrie, F.R., Buck, W.R., Demoulin, V., Greuter, W., Hawksworth, D.L., Herendeen, P.S., Knapp, S., Marhold, K., Prado, J., Prud’Homme Van Reine, W.F., Smith, G.F., Wiersema, J.H. & Turland, N.J. (2012) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Melbourne Code) adopted by the Eighteenth International Botanical Congress Melbourne, Australia, July 2011. [Regnum Vegetabile 154]. Gantner, Ruggell, 240 pp.Ortega, C.G. de (1797) Novarum aut rariorum plantarum horti reg. botan. Matrit. Ibarriana, Madrid, 51 pp.Rodríguez-Jiménez, L.S. & Espinosa-Garduño, J. (1996) Listado florístico del estado de Michoacán sección III (Angiospermae: Connaraceae-Myrtaceae except Fagaceae, Gramineae, Krameriaceae y Leguminosae). Flora del Bajío y de Regiones Adyacentes, Fascículo Complementario 10: 1–296.Tropicos (Org.) (2015) Tropicos database, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Available from: http://www.tropicos.org/Name/17606846 (accessed 25 June 2015)
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Мір Фарук Агамад, Гаснаїн Імтіаз, and Хан Азизуддин. "Kashmiri: A Phonological Sketch." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 5, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 32–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2018.5.2.mir.
Full textAbstract:
Kashmiri is an Indo-Aryan language spoken predominantly in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, India and in some parts of Pakistan. Some phonological and morphological features of this language make it peculiar among Indo-Aryan languages. This write-up provides a phonological sketch of Kashmiri. The description of Vowels and Consonants is given in order to build a general idea of the phonological system of the language. The process of nasalization is phonemic in Kashmiri. The aim of this write-up is to describe and show all the phonological features of the language, particularly those that are uniquely found in this language. In addition, an attempt has been made to describe and explain the various phonological processes such as Palatalization, Epenthesis and Elision, which occur in Kashmiri. All such processes are described with appropriate examples and the data comprising of lexemes and sounds for examples is primary data used by the author who is a native speaker of the language. Given to the peculiar features of this language, the process of homonymy, which is homographic in nature, is described with appropriate examples.
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Fauzi, Chandra, and Basikin. "The Impact of the Whole Language Approach Towards Children Early Reading and Writing in English." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 14, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jpud.141.07.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the effect of the whole language approach to the ability to read and write in English in early stages of children aged 5-6 years in one of the kindergartens in the Yogyakarta Special Region. The population in this study were 43 children who were in the age range of 5-6 years in the kindergarten. Twenty-nine participants were included in the experimental class subjects as well as the control class with posttest only control group design. Observation is a way to record data in research on early reading and writing ability. The results of Multivariate Anal- ysis of Covariance (Manova) to the data shows that 1) there is a difference in ability between the application of the whole language approach and the conventional approach to the ability to read the beginning of English; 2) there is a difference in ability between applying a whole language approach and a conventional approach to writing English beginning skills; 3) there is a difference in ability between the whole language approach and the conventional approach to the ability to read and write the beginning in English
Keywords: Whole language approach, Early reading, Early writing, Early childhood
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Pujianti, Yuli, Hapidin Hapidin, and Indah Juniasih. "The The Effectiveness of Using Mind Mapping Method to Improve Child Development Assessment." JPUD - Jurnal Pendidikan Usia Dini 13, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/10.21009/jpud.131.13.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using mind mapping method in improving early childhood educator’s skill in mastering the child development assessment. This research is quasi-experimental using a pre-test and post-test design. The population was the entire classes of early childhood education training held by LPK Yayasan Indonesia Mendidik Jaka Sampurna at Cileungsi, Bogor. The participants were 45 early childhood educators. This study used three research methods which are implemented from learning methods in child development assessment was as pre-test and post-test. Data were collected by using two instruments to measure early childhood educators for child development assessment. The data were analysed by using t-test to measures the differences data in pre-test and post-test. The results showed that the use of mind mapping methods can help early childhood educators to improve their mastery of the development assessment concept which averages 51.9 percent. It showed significant results with ttest value is 18,266 (N = 10, α = 0,0). This capacity building is reinforced by various qualitative findings which arise from early childhood educators’ awareness to change the old learning style into learning by mind mapping method as a learning method that follows how the brain works. This study also found that early childhood educators as adults who are in the stage of formal thinking have shown an understanding that mind mapping method are appropriate, fast, easy and practical in mastering various development assessment concepts. Early childhood educators believe that they can use the method for mastering other material concepts.
Keywords: Assessment, Brain-based teaching, Mind mapping
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Najar, Asma, Safaa G. Kumari, Khaled M. Makkouk, and Abderazzek Daaloul. "A Survey of Viruses Affecting Faba Bean (Vicia faba) in Tunisia Includes First Record of Soybean dwarf virus." Plant Disease 87, no. 9 (September 2003): 1151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.2003.87.9.1151b.
Full textAbstract:
A survey was conducted in April 2003 to identify viruses infecting faba bean (Vicia faba L.) in six regions (Beja, Bizerte, Cap-bon, Le Kef, Siliana, and Zaghouan) in Tunisia. A total of 292 faba bean samples with symptoms of viral infection (leaf rolling, yellowing, and mosaic) were collected. The samples were tested at the virology laboratory of the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Syria, for 11 viruses using the tissue-blot immunoassay procedure (3). Specific rabbit polyclonal antisera were used to test for Chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV) (provided by H. J. Vetten, BBA, Braunschweig, Germany), Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV), Bean yellow mosaic virus (BYMV), Broad bean mottle virus (BBMV), Broad bean stain virus (BBSV), Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and Pea seedborne mosaic virus (PSbMV) (ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria). In addition, four specific monoclonal antibodies were used to detect Bean leaf roll virus (BLRV) (4B10) (2), Beet western yellows virus (BWYV) (ATCC PVAS-647; American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, VA), Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV) (3-2E9) (1), and Soybean dwarf virus (SbDV) (ATCC PVAS-650). Serological tests showed that BBMV, a beetle-transmitted and seedborne virus identified in 23.3% (68 samples) of the samples tested, was the most common. BLRV, FBNYV, BWYV, BYMV, SbDV, and PSbMV were detected in 56, 33, 31, 10, 5, and 1 sample(s) of 292 samples tested, respectively. AMV, BBSV, CMV, and CpCDV were not detected in any samples tested. In Tunisia, BLRV, BWYV, BYMV, FBNYV, and PSbMV have previously been reported in faba bean (4), but to our knowledge, this is the first record of SbDV affecting faba bean in Tunisia, where it was detected in two fields in the Cap-bon Region. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis followed by western blots, extracts from SbDV-infected plants were observed to contain 23-kDa structural proteins, which reacted strongly with SbDV monoclonal antibodies. Transmission tests showed that the samples, which reacted with SbDV monoclonal antibodies, were transmitted to faba bean plants by the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) in a persistent manner. To our knowledge, this is the first report of SbDV naturally infecting faba bean in Tunisia and it could cause a serious problem to other leguminous crops grown in Tunisia, such as French bean and peas, which are hosts for the virus. References: (1) A. Franz and K. M. Makkouk Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) L. Katul. Characterization by serology and molecular biology of bean leaf roll virus and faba bean necrotic yellows virus. PhD thesis. University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany, 1992. (3) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994. (4) A. Najar et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 39:423, 2000.
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Chatiza, F. P., G. M. Pieterse, and P. Bartels. "217 QUALITY CHANGES IN POST-THAW SPRINGBOK (ANTIDORCAS MARSUPIALIS) EPIDIDYMAL SPERM MAINTAINED IN FERTILIZATION MEDIUM." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 18, no. 2 (2006): 216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv18n2ab217.
Full textAbstract:
The availability of gametes from the cropping of excess wildlife species provides the opportunity for the advancement of knowledge into assisted reproductive technology for possible future conservation measures. Little is known about the longevity of springbok (Antidorcas marsupialis) spermatozoa maintained in fertilization medium. The aim of this project was to determine the quality changes of post-thawed springbok spermatozoa incubated in fertilization medium by measuring plasma membrane integrity over time. Testes (n = 12) were obtained from two geographically distinct free-ranging springbok populations in South Africa. Spermatozoa were flushed from the cauda epididymides within three hours of the animals' death. Samples from an individual male were pooled, diluted to 400 × 106 sperm/mL with Biladyl (Minitüb, Tiefenbach, Germany) fraction A (no glycerol) and equilibrated in a water bath for 6 h at 4°C. An equal volume of Biladyl fraction B (containing 12% glycerol) was added to the sample to make a final concentration of 200 × 106 sperm/mL. Samples were loaded into 0.25-mL straws and frozen in liquid nitrogen vapor (5 cm above the liquid nitrogen level) for 20 min after which they were plunged into liquid nitrogen. Straws from each sample were thawed for 20 s at 36°C in a water bath. Thawed spermatozoa (100 μL) was added to 1 mL IVF-TALP medium containing heparin and PHE (Vajta et al. 1996 Theriogenology 45, 683–689) in 2-mL Nunc tubes (AEC, Amersham, South Africa) and incubated at 38.7°C, in humidified 5% CO2 balance air for 30 h. Aliquots were extracted from the incubating spermatozoa to determine plasma membrane integrity at 6-h intervals. Propidium iodide (Sigma, South Africa) at 50 ng/mL (10 min at RT) was used to evaluate membrane integrity under fluorescence microscopy at ×400, with a 450-nm excitation filter, a 510-nm dicroic beam splitter, and a 520-nm barrier filter. Cells with damaged plasma membrane have nuclei that fluorescence red. Eosin/nigrosin was also used to evaluate membrane integrity under ×400 bright-field microscopy. Cells with damaged plasma membrane stain purple-red, whereas the balance of cells remain translucent. The average post-thaw motility of spermatozoa in populations A and B was 69% (n = 6) and 68% (n = 6), respectively. Plasma membrane integrity of post-thawed springbok spermatozoa deceased steadily in IVF-TALP medium over the 30-h period (Table 1). Cryopreserved epididymal sperm derived from free-ranging springbok populations survive in IVF-TALP media and may be useful in future conservation activities where an isolated gene pool requires genetic supplementation through one or more assisted reproduction techniques such as IVF or AI. Further research is required to confirm and extend these findings. Table 1. Percentage plasma membrane integrity of post-thawed springbok sperm over time
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Gunawan, Gusta, Dwita Sutjiningsih, Herr Soeryantono, and Soelistiyoweni Widjanarko. "Soil Erosion Prediction Using GIS and Remote Sensing on Manjunto Watershed Bengkulu, Indonesia." JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 18, no. 2 (June 10, 2013): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.v18i2.141-148.
Full textAbstract:
The study aims to assess the rate of erosion that occurred in Manjunto Watershed and financial loss using Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing. Model used to determine the erosion is E30 models. The basis for the development of this model is to integrate with the slope of the slope between NDVI. The value of NDVI obtained from satellite imagery. Slope factor obtained through the DEM processing. To determine the amount of economic losses caused by erosion used the shadow prices. The amount of nutrients lost converted to fertilizer price. The results showed that the eroded catchment area has increased significantly. The rate of average annual erosion in the watershed Manjunto in 2000 amounted to 3 Mg ha-1 yr-1. The average erosion rate in the watershed Manjunto annual increase to 27 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in the year 2009. Economic losses due to erosion in 2009 was Rp200,000,- for one hectare. Total losses due to erosion for the total watershed area is Rp15,918,213,133, -. The main factor causing the high rate of erosion is high rainfall, slope and how to grow crops that do not pay attention to the rules of conservation.Keywords: Soil erosion, digital elevation model, GIS, remote sensing, valuation erosion[How to Cite: Gunawan G, D Sutjiningsih, H Soeryantono and S Widjanarko. 2013.Soil Erosion Prediction Using GIS and Remote Sensing on Manjunto Watershed Bengkulu-Indonesia. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 141-148. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.141][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.141]REFERENCESAksoy E, G Ozsoy and MS Dirim. 2009. Soil mapping approach in GIS using Landsat satellite imagery and DEM data. Afr J Agric Res 4: 1295-1302.Ananda J and G Herath. 2003. Soil erosion in developing countries: a socio-economic appraisal. J Environ Manage 68: 343-353.Ananda J, G Herath and A Chisholm. 2001. Determination of yield and Erosion Damage Functions Using Subjectivly Elicited Data: application to Smallholder Tea in Sri Lanka. 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Siqueira, Rebeca Talita de Souza, Débora Rayssa Siqueira Silva, Hellen Alves de Carvalho, Pedro Lucas de Araújo Rocha, Brena Paixão de Araújo Souza, Marília Soares Santana, Jéssika Cristina de Lima, Pauliana Valeria Machado Galvão, Daniele Padilha Lapa, and Patrícia de Moraes Soares Santana. "Análise do perfil clínico e sociodemográfico dos pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados com glomerulonefrite difusa aguda em hospital no Sertão de Pernambuco, Brasil." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 5 (October 6, 2020): 420–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i5.5048.
Full textAbstract:
Introdução: A glomerulonefrite difusa aguda é uma glomerulopatia decorrente do dano inflamatório dos componentes glomerulares, comumente encontrada em pacientes pediátricos, com padrão e prevalência variáveis de acordo com idade, sexo, fatores socioeconômicos e geográficos (principalmente nas glomerulonefrites infecciosas ou pós-infecciosas), sendo a causa mais comum de acometimento renal após os seis anos de idade. Porém, faltam dados mundiais precisos sobre a prevalência da síndrome. Objetivo: Traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados com esta glomerulonefrite no Hospital Regional Professor Agamenon Magalhães, localizado no município de Serra Talhada, Pernambuco. Material e método: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo e descritivo de corte transversal. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre agosto de 2018 a junho de 2019, através da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes pediátricos que foram diagnosticados com glomerulonefrite difusa aguda. Resultados: 29 prontuários foram analisados, correspondendo aos anos 2015 a 2018, sendo 51,72% do sexo masculino, residente em Serra Talhada e em zona rural, com idade média 7,7 anos, todos de etnia parda. Em admissão para atendimento hospitalar 75,86% da amostra apresentou estado geral regular, e apenas 3,45% grave. 34,48% da população estudada apresentou oligúria, 89,66% edema generalizado, 58,62% hipertensão arterial durante admissão, 27,59% cefaleia e 55,17% febre. Conclusão: Os resultados obtidos através da pesquisa destacam a importância de traçar o perfil para guiar os profissionais do serviço na assistência aos pacientes pediátricos acometidos pela patologia abordada.
Descritores: Glomerulonefrite; Glomérulos Renais; Pediatria.
Referências
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Korsakova, Alina S., Dzmitry A. Kotsikau, Yulyan S. Haiduk, and Vladimir V. Pankov. "Synthesis and Physicochemical Properties of MnxFe3–xO4 Solid Solutions." Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = Condensed Matter and Interphases 22, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 466–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2020.22/3076.
Full textAbstract:
Ferrimagnetic nanoparticles are used in biotechnology (as drug carriers, biosensors, elements of diagnostic sets, contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging), catalysis, electronics, and for the production of magnetic fluids and magnetorheological suspensions, etc. The use of magnetic nanoparticles requires enhanced magnetic characteristics, in particular, high saturation magnetisation.The aim of our study was to obtain single-phased magnetic nanoparticles of MnxFe3–xO4 solid solutions at room temperature. We also studied the dependence of the changes in their structure, morphology, and magnetic properties on the degree of substitution in order to determine the range of the compounds with the highest magnetisation value.A number of powders of Mn-substituted magnetite MnxFe3–xO4 (x = 0 – 1.8) were synthesized by means of co-precipitation from aqueous solutions of salts. The structural and micro-structural features and magnetic properties of the powders were studied using magnetic analysis, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and IR spectroscopy.The X-ray phase analysis and IR spectroscopy confirm the formation of single-phase compounds with cubic spinel structures. The maximum increase in saturation magnetization as compared to non-substituted magnetite was observed for Mn0.3Fe2.7O4 (Ms = 68 A·m2·kg–1 at 300 K and Ms = 85 A·m2·kg–1 at 5 K). This is associated with the changes in the cation distribution between the tetrahedral and octahedral cites.A method to control the magnetic properties of magnetite by the partial replacement of iron ions in the magnetite structure with manganese has been proposed in the paper. The study demonstrated that it is possible to change the magnetisation and coercivity of powders by changing the degree of substitution. The maximum magnetisation corresponds to the powder Mn0.3Fe2.7O4. The nanoparticles obtained by the proposed method have a comparatively high specific magnetisation and a uniform size distribution. Therefore the developed materials can be used for the production of magnetorheological fluidsand creation of magnetically controlled capsules for targeted drug delivery and disease diagnostics in biology and medicine (magnetic resonance imaging).
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Baer, A. S., Philip Houghton, Greg Bankoff, Vicente L. Rafael, Harold Brookfield, Donald Denoon, Cynthia Chou, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 156, no. 1 (2000): 107–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003858.
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Wutscher, H. K., A. Cervantes H., and K. S. Derrick. "Citrus Blight Found in Yucatan, Mexico." Plant Disease 81, no. 5 (May 1997): 551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.5.551b.
Full textAbstract:
Citrus blight, a serious tree decline problem of unknown cause in humid citrus-growing areas such as Florida and Louisiana, South America, South Africa, and the Caribbean, has never been reported from Mexico. Citrus blight has no reliable visual symptoms, and physical and chemical tests have to be used for diagnosis. We used water injection into the trunk (2), zinc and potassium analysis of the outer trunk wood (3), and an immunological test for specific blight proteins in the leaves (1). Low uptake when water is injected into the trunk, and high zinc and potassium in the wood, compared with healthy trees, are characteristic of citrus blight (3). Water injection tests and wood analysis of four healthy and four declining trees in the Dzan, Yucatan, Mexico, area in August 1995, showed highly significant differences in water uptake (healthy trees 44.3 ml/min, declining trees 1.0 ml/min), little difference in wood zinc (healthy 2.8 μg/g, declining 3.0 μg/g) and 39% more potassium in the wood (healthy 0.147%, declining 0.204%). No leaf protein tests were done at this location. Tests on eight declining and five healthy trees in Seye, Yucatan, Mexico, in June 1996, showed significant (P = 0.01 to 0.05) differences in water uptake (healthy 12.9 ml/min, declining 0.6 ml/min), in wood zinc (healthy 2.0 μg/g, declining 7.0 μg/g) and potassium in the wood (healthy 0.156%, declining 0.251%). Leaf samples from all eight declining trees were positive for blight in a specific protein test (1). The visual symptoms of all declining trees tested were the same as those of blight-affected trees in Florida and Cuba: zinc deficiency symptoms in the leaves, thin foliage, wilt, and sprouting from the trunk and the main branches. The reasons for the lack of earlier reports of citrus blight from Mexico are apparently climatic and rootstock related. Many of Mexico's citrus-producing areas are dry and blight does not occur in dry areas such as the Mediterranean countries and California. Most of Mexico's citrus is grown on sour orange (Citrus aurantium L.) rootstock that is highly resistant to citrus blight, but very susceptible to tristeza virus disease. In response to warnings that tristeza disease might appear in Yucatan, growers planted Valencia orange (C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck) on Cleopatra mandarin (C. reticulata Blanco) rootstock in Dzan and on Volkamer lemon (C. limon (L.) N. L. Burm.) in Seye, both highly susceptible to citrus blight (4). Changes in rootstock to avoid one disease led to problems with another. References: (1) K. S. Derrick et al. Proc. Fla. State Hortic. Soc. 105:26, 1993. (2) R. F. Lee et al. Plant Dis. 68:511, 1984. (3) H. K. Wutscher and C. J. Hardesty. J. Am. Soc. Hortic. Sci. 104:9, 1979. (4) R. H. Young et al. Proc. Fla. State Hortic. Soc. 91:56, 1978.
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Marroquín Yerovi, Hna Marianita. "Propuesta pedagógica con énfasis en el aprendizaje significativo y la metacognición." Revista UNIMAR 36, no. 1 (October 29, 2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31948/unimar.36-1.8.
Full textAbstract:
En este artículo de reflexión se explicita los componentes de la Propuesta Pedagógica como logro académico de la investigación, expresados en su objetivo esencial, Identificar las características sociodemográficas y pedagógicas y de la enseñanza y aprendizaje con enfoque constructivista y sus aplicaciones: Aprendizaje significativo y Metacognición, en el quehacer de los docentes de la ‘Unidad Educativa Particular Ecuatoriano Suizo’ de la ciudad de Quito y la ‘Unidad Educativa Particular Oviedo’ de la ciudad de Ibarra en Ecuador, para el diseño de una propuesta pedagógica aplicable a las instituciones educativas.
Esta reflexión es válida porque se comparte el proceso de estructuración temática de la propuesta pedagógica, la concatenación de sus componentes como lo teleológico, axiológico, estratégico y estructural para hacer posible la creación de un nuevo escenario pedagógico e investigativo, con pautas para renovar el currículo. Desde lo tecnológico, se facilita enlaces para hacer visible el uso de tecnologías dentro del desarrollo temático.
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