Academic literature on the topic 'NMSC'
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Journal articles on the topic "NMSC"
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Weston, Andrew, Marie Hughes, Gillian Corbett, Neil Graham, and Franz Strydom. "Incidence of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancers in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia: A Retrospective Study in a Bay of Plenty, New Zealand Population." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 4692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-147766.
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Abstract Background/Aims: Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) incurs an increased risk of developing second primary malignancies (SPMs). The pathogenesis underpinning this increased SPM risk is attributable to synergism between genetic aberrations, chronic immune suppression / dysfunction and CLL treatments. Specifically, CLL associated skin cancer is a well-documented phenomenon, with common malignancies such as squamous (SCC) and basal cell (BCC) carcinomas occurring at higher frequencies in CLL patients and are often of a more aggressive phenotype. The incidence of non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) among New Zealand CLL patients is unknown, as NMSCs are not required to be reported to the New Zealand Cancer Registry. Accordingly, this study aimed to analyse the incidence of NMSC in CLL patients from the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 213 CLL patients, who were referred to Bay of Plenty District Health Board (BOPDHB) between 2015 and 2020, for the occurrence of SPMs. Clinical notes were reviewed for the demographics of sex, age at time of CLL diagnosis, CLL treatments received and occurrence and type of NMSCs. A control group of 76 patients referred to BOPDHB haematology, for anaemia or thrombocytopenia, of which the cause subsequently remained unknown and was not associated with lymphoproliferative disease, was reviewed for primary malignancy (PM), occurrence and type. NMSC incidence was also compared to a local data, on overall NMSC incidence in the general Bay of Plenty population, in 2015. Results: The predominant SPM types occurring in this CLL patient group were NMSCs. A total of 249 and 170 histological diagnoses of SCC and BCC were made in our group of CLL patients, respectively. Of the 213 CLL patients, 48.8% had a diagnosis of at least one NMSC, with median time between CLL and NMSC diagnosis of 5 years (range, -6 to 19 years). CLL patients that were diagnosed with NMSC developed a mean number of 3.93 ± 2.94 separate lesions, compared to 2.6 ± 1.7 lesions in our control population. Note: comparison of NMSC incidence data between CLL group and Bay of Plenty population Conclusion: Patients with CLL are at increased risk of developing multiple NMSC lesions. Therefore, we believe CLL patients should be assessed by dermatologists or general practitioners for whole-body skin examination, 6 monthly following their CLL diagnosis. This strategy promotes early diagnosis, and patient education on importance of sun protection strategies to reduce NMSC risk. This is essential to the ongoing care of CLL patients in a NZ context, given the increased incidence of NMSC associated with CLL, in combination with the high levels of UV exposure and skin damage among the NZ general population. This study also highlights how NMSC disease burden is likely to be significantly underestimated due to a lack of data collection on these malignancies by the New Zealand Cancer Registry. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Bislimi Berisha, Reihane, Djordje Dzokic, and Shkendije Dobruna. "Evaluation of Pre-operative Dermoscopy in Early Diagnosis of Non-melanocytic Skin Cancer." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, B (December 2, 2021): 1660–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.7539.
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BACKGROUND: Dermatoscopy is an integral part of every clinical examination of skin tumors. Dermoscopy has markedly enhances the early diagnosis of non-melanocytic skin cancer (NMSC) compared to naked-eye inspection. Besides its value in the noninvasive diagnosis tool of skin cancer, dermoscopy has also gained increased interest in the response assessment and management of NMSC including basal cell carcinoma, Bowen’s disease, squamous cell carcinoma and merkel cell carcinoma. NMSCs are usually considered a curable disease, however they currently present a growing global healthcare problem due to the increasing incidence, hence this is the reason for my work. AIM: The main aim of the study is to prove the value of dermoscopy in the precision of pre-operative diagnosis of NMSC confirmed by postoperative histopathology (PH) findings. Additional goals are to declare dermoscopy subtypes of NMSC in according to the age, sex, localization, UV radiation, anatomical region, and phototype of skin. METHODS: We used two types of dermoscopy, non-polarized, and polarized dermoscopy. Non-polarized dermoscopy uses magnifying lenses and LED illumination light. This method requires contact with pre-liquid (gel, oil, and alcohol) skin to reduce reflection. Non-polarized dermoscopy allows visualization of structures located in the epidermis and dermoepidermal junction, but not below it. Polarized dermoscopy in addition to the magnifying and light lenses, it uses two polarizing filters to enable cross-polarization. This type of method does not require liquid medium on the skin surface and does not require skin contact. Polarized dermoscopy allows visualization of structures located deeper and below the dermoepidermal junction and the superficial dermis. RESULTS: This paper provides an update on NMSC with special emphasis of dermoscopy in the precision of preoperative diagnosis of NMSC confirmed by postoperative histopathology findings. CONCLUSION: Our first experiences with pre-operative dermoscopy in 11 patients indicate its value in the diagnosis of NMCS. Our further studies in multiple patients should determine its accuracy in pre-operative diagnosis confirmed by post-operative PH findings.
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Antonijevic, Aleksandar, Natasa Rancic, Mirko Ilic, Biljana Kocic, Jasmina Stevanovic, and Marija Milic. "Trends in incidence of non-melanoma and melanoma skin cancers in central Serbia." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 146, no. 7-8 (2018): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh161121002a.
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Introduction/Objective. The incidence of both melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) has been increasing over the past decades worldwide. NMSC is the most common cancer in white population and melanoma is one of the deadliest cancers today. The objective of the paper was to determine trends in age-standardized incidence rates of NMSC and melanoma in central Serbia from 1999 to 2013. Method. A descriptive epidemiological study was done. Data about incidence for NMSC and melanoma were obtained from the Serbian Cancer Registry and data about population originating from 1991, 2001, and 2011 censuses. Crude incidence rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants. Direct method of standardization was performed with the world population as the standard. Trend lines were estimated using linear regression. Results. During a 15-year period, the total number of new NMSC cases was 41,719 [21,690 (52%) in men and 20,029 (48%) in women]. There were 5,781 new cases of melanoma [2,969 (51.4%) in men and 2,812 (48.6%) in women]. A significantly increasing incidence trend for NMSC both in men (y = 0.617x + 24.29, R2 = 0.500) and women (y = 0.672x + 0.670, R2 = 0.670) was determined. In the same period, a statistically significant increase of incidence trend for melanoma was determined in men (y = 0.111x + 3.708, R2 = 0.384) and in women (y = 0.098x + 3.375, R2 = 0.409). NMSC was registered in persons of all ages. NMSC incidence increased rapidly in persons older than 50 years. Melanoma predominates in children and adolescents and is registered more frequently than NMSC in persons bellow 60 years of age. Conclusion. Our findings showed significantly increasing trend of age-standardized incidence rates for both NMCC and melanoma. In the observed period, there were 7.2 times more new cases of NMSC than melanoma in the population of central Serbia. There were more registered new cases of NMSC and melanoma in men than in women. Screening of skin cancers and earlier diagnosis may improve treatment and prognosis.
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Hu, Dailun, Philip K. Nicholls, Changfu Yin, Khama Kelman, Qionglan Yuan, Wayne K. Greene, Zhongli Shi, and Bin Ma. "Immunofluorescent Localization of Non-myelinating Schwann Cells and Their Interactions With Immune Cells in Mouse Thymus." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 66, no. 11 (May 18, 2018): 775–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/0022155418778543.
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The thymus is innervated by sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve fibers from the peripheral nervous system (PNS), suggesting a neural regulation of thymic function including T-cell development. Despite some published studies, data on the innervation and nerve-immune interaction inside the thymus remain limited. In the present study, we used immunofluorescent staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) coupled with confocal microscopy/three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction to reveal the distribution of non-myelinating Schwann cells (NMSC) and their interactions with immune cells inside mouse thymus. Our results demonstrate (1) the presence of an extensive network of NMSC processes in all compartments of the thymus including the capsule, subcapsular region, cortex, cortico-medullary junction, and medulla; (2) close associations/interactions of NMSC processes with blood vessels, indicating the neural control of blood flow inside the thymus; (3) the close “synapse-like” association of NMSC processes with various subsets of dendritic cells (DC; e.g., B220+ DCs, CD4+ DCs, and CD8+ DCs), and lymphocytes (B cells, CD4+/CD8+ thymocytes). Our novel findings concerning the distribution of NMSCs and the associations of NMSCs and immune cells inside mouse thymus should help us understand the anatomical basis and the mechanisms through which the PNS affects T-cell development and thymic endocrine function in health and disease.
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Ghahartars, Mehdi, Shiva Najafzadeh, Shabnam Abtahi, Mohammad Javad Fattahi, and Abbas Ghaderi. "Investigation of Interleukin-27 in the Sera of Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer Patients." Dermatology Research and Practice 2018 (November 19, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8321302.
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IL-27 has been shown to have both tumor promoting and suppressing functions. IL-27, with its diverse influences on immune responses, has not been studied extensively in nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), including Squamous and Basal Cell Carcinomas (SCC and BCC), and its roles in tumor initiation, progression, and its probable use in NMSC treatment have yet to be unveiled. A cross-sectional analytical study was designed to investigate the serum levels of IL-27 in NMSC patients in comparison to normal individuals. Levels of IL-27 in the sera of 60 NMSC patients along with 28 healthy controls were measured by means of quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this study we observed that IL-27 serum levels were significantly higher in NMSC patients in comparison to healthy individuals (0.0134versus0.0008 ng/ml; P<0.001). Furthermore, when subcategorized based on pathological diagnosis, both BCC and SCC patients had higher levels of IL-27 in their sera compared to controls (P=0.002 and P=0.033; respectively). However, these levels were not different among SCC and BCC patients. According to our results, it seems that IL-27 is involved in antitumor immune responses in NMSCs. On the other hand, these observations might be indicative of this cytokine involvement in NMSC tumorigenesis and progression. Therefore, administration of this cytokine for therapeutic purposes in patients with such conditions should be erred on the side of caution.
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Møllersen, Kajsa, Herbert Kirchesch, Maciel Zortea, Thomas R. Schopf, Kristian Hindberg, and Fred Godtliebsen. "Computer-Aided Decision Support for Melanoma Detection Applied on Melanocytic and Nonmelanocytic Skin Lesions: A Comparison of Two Systems Based on Automatic Analysis of Dermoscopic Images." BioMed Research International 2015 (2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/579282.
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Commercially available clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) for skin cancer have been designed for the detection of melanoma only. Correct use of the systems requires expert knowledge, hampering their utility for nonexperts. Furthermore, there are no systems to detect other common skin cancer types, that is, nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC). As early diagnosis of skin cancer is essential, there is a need for a CDSS that is applicable to all types of skin lesions and is suitable for nonexperts. Nevus Doctor (ND) is a CDSS being developed by the authors. We here investigate ND’s ability to detect both melanoma and NMSC and the opportunities for improvement. An independent test set of dermoscopic images of 870 skin lesions, including 44 melanomas and 101 NMSCs, were analysed by ND. Its sensitivity to melanoma and NMSC was compared to that of Mole Expert (ME), a commercially available CDSS, using the same set of lesions. ND and ME had similar sensitivity to melanoma. For ND at 95% melanoma sensitivity, the NMSC sensitivity was 100%, and the specificity was 12%. The melanomas misclassified by ND at 95% sensitivity were correctly classified by ME, and vice versa. ND is able to detect NMSC without sacrificing melanoma sensitivity.
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Mistry, Nisha, Zenaida Abanto, Chris Bajdik, and Jason K. Rivers. "Demographic and Tumor Characteristics of Patients Diagnosed with Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer: 13-Year Retrospective Study." Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery 16, no. 1 (January 2012): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/120347541201600107.
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Background: The incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is increasing worldwide; however, this varies by region. To date, there are limited data about trends of nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) in Canada. Objective: To determine the demographic and tumor characteristic changes in patients diagnosed with BCC and SCC from 1993 to 2005 in a dermatology practice in Vancouver, British Columbia. Method: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patients with biopsy-confirmed NMSC between 1993 and 2005. Demographic and tumor characteristics were documented for the first two incident BCCs and SCCs per patient, and a descriptive data analysis was undertaken. Results: A total of 1,177 NMSCs were identified from 885 patient charts. The number of BCCs increased from 1993 to 2003 and then decreased until 2005. BCCs and SCCs were generally diagnosed in older people (60+ years); however, an important group of younger patients (20–39 years) was also diagnosed with BCCs. BCCs and SCCs were most commonly seen on the head and neck, but the leg was a common location for SCC in women. Conclusion: NMSC is prevalent in British Columbia. These results highlight the fact that NMSC can affect individuals younger than 40 years old. Prevention strategies are warranted to reduce the burden of NMSC in British Columbia.
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Dacosta Byfield, Stacey, Diana Chen, Yeun Mi Yim, and Carolina Reyes. "Age distribution of patients with advanced non-melanoma skin cancer in the United States." Archives of Dermatological Research 305, no. 9 (April 21, 2013): 845–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00403-013-1357-2.
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Abstract The epidemiology of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is not well understood due to exclusion from most US cancer registries. Patients with at least two claims with a NMSC diagnosis (ICD-9-CM 173.xx) at least 60 days apart, or at least one claim for a NMSC-specific treatment from 1/2010 to 12/2010, were identified from a large US commercial insurance claims database and grouped into one of three cohorts: metastatic (MET), locally advanced (LA), or “all other”. MET patients had at least two claims with a metastasis code at least 30 days apart. LA patients had at least two visits to a medical oncologist, one diagnostic imaging service, two radiation therapy services, or one visit to two or more physician specialties. Remaining patients were “all other”. Incidence and prevalence of NMSC were calculated from among the total number of persons continuously enrolled in the plan during the study period and standardized to the 2010 US population. From among 6,610,256 patients, there were 47,451 incident cases of NMSC (MET n = 16, LA n = 387, all other n = 47,048). The age-adjusted incidence rate of 693 per 100,000 persons (2010 population) approximates to 2,139,535 total NMSC cases in the US (0.7 % of population). 671 prevalent cases had advanced disease (MET n = 43, LA n = 628); an age-adjusted rate of 0.6 and 10 per 100,000 US persons equivalent to 1,993 and 29,841 MET and LA cases, respectively. Although NMSCs rarely progress, the number of patients with advanced disease is significant. Further studies to determine proportions of advanced NMSC by subtype are needed.
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Perkins, Joanna L., Yan Liu, Pauline A. Mitby, Joseph P. Neglia, Sue Hammond, Marilyn Stovall, Anna T. Meadows, et al. "Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer in Survivors of Childhood and Adolescent Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 23, no. 16 (June 1, 2005): 3733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2005.06.237.
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Purpose Nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) has become the most common type of cancer in many populations throughout the world. Ultraviolet and ionizing radiation are known risk factors. Because NMSCs are rarely lethal and most cancer registries do not routinely report data regarding these cancers, they have received little attention in studies evaluating long-term effects of cancer therapy. This article reports on the occurrence of secondary NMSC as a long-term effect of cancer therapy in survivors of childhood cancer. Patients and Methods The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) is a cohort study of 5-year survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer from 25 participating institutions in North America. NMSC patients were defined by a history of basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin after primary malignancy treatment. Demographic and treatment data were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 13,132 eligible CCSS participants, 213 have reported NMSC; 99 patients (46%) have had multiple occurrences. Median age of occurrence was 31 years (range, 7 to 46 years). Location of NMSC included head and neck (43%), back (24%), chest (22%), abdomen and pelvis (5%), extremity (3%), and unknown (4%). Ninety percent of patients had previously received radiation therapy (RT); 90% of tumors occurred within the RT field. RT was associated with a 6.3-fold increase in risk (95% CI, 3.5- to 11.3-fold). Conclusion Long-term survivors of childhood and adolescent cancer who were treated with RT are at highest risk for developing NMSC. Educational efforts need to be directed to this population to facilitate early diagnosis of NMSC and reduction in sun exposure.
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Borik-Heil, Liliane, Georg Endler, Walther Parson, Andreas Zuckermann, Lisa Schnaller, Keziban Uyanik-Ünal, Peter Jaksch, et al. "Cumulative UV Exposure or a Modified SCINEXA™-Skin Aging Score Do Not Play a Substantial Role in Predicting the Risk of Developing Keratinocyte Cancers after Solid Organ Transplantation—A Case Control Study." Cancers 15, no. 3 (January 30, 2023): 864. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030864.
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The risk of keratinocyte cancer is determined by intrinsic and extrinsic factors, which also influence skin aging. Few studies have linked skin aging and UV exposure with the incidence of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). We evaluated signs of actinic skin damage and aging, individual UV burden, and melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) variants. A total of 194 organ transplant recipients (OTR) who suffered from NMSC were compared to 194 tumor-free controls matched for gender, age, type of transplanted organ, post-transplantation (TX) period, and immunosuppressive therapy. Compared with the cases, the controls scored higher in all skin aging scores and there were no differences in UV burden except for intentional whole-body UV exposure for specific UV scenarios and periods of life in favor of cases. The number of NMSCs correlated with all types of skin aging scores, the extent of intentional sun exposure, older age, longer post-TX period, shorter interval from TX to first NMSC, and specific MC1R risk groups. Multivariable models revealed a 7.5-fold risk of developing NMSC in individuals with actinic keratosis; 4.1- or 3.6-fold in those with green or blue eyes, respectively; and a 1.9-fold increased risk in the MC1R medium- + high-risk group. In the absence of skin aging contributing to NMSC development, certain MC1R risk types may identify OTR at risk for high tumor burden.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "NMSC"
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Fraser, Tyler Malcolm. "Molecular Dynamics of p21 and Fluorescent Sphingomyelin in Keratinocytes Exposed to UVB." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1985.
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Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is the most common malignant tumor, representing more than a third of all malignant tumors combined and the incidence is increasing every year. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is the most dominant factor contributing to tumor initiation and progression. The condition is most prevalent in populations with lighter skin and older age. Current pharmaceutical molecular research targets the inhibition of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), a receptor which is commonly over-expressed or dysregulated in skin malignancies. This study evaluates the content and location of the damage marker p21 within keratinocytes that were incubated in sphingomyelin (SM) and later exposed to UV. Confocal microscopy and automated image processing provided the tools to assess large populations of keratinocytes in the effort to accurately identify the photoprotective qualities of sphingomyelin. Classification of individual cells into subpopulations yielded results suggesting SM may be involved in the inhibition of EGFR, and could potentially be a more naturally derived treatment.
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Hill, Natasha Tremayne. "Vitamin D receptor and 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 mediated regulation of DeltaNp63alpha." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1450456950.
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Onder, Zeynep. "Characterization of the Nucleocytoplasmic Transport of the Cutaneous HPV8 E7 Protein." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3828.
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Thesis advisor: Junona MoroianuSome non melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) have been associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) pathogenesis, like epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). EV is a genetically inherited skin disease that develops when the individuals are infected with cutaneous HPV types belonging to the β-genus, especially types 5 and 8. Transgenic mouse lineages expressing all early genes of cutaneous HPV8 develop papillomas, dysplasias and SCC after UV irradiation and this correlates with enhanced HPV8 oncogenes expression. We have previously discovered that the nuclear localization of mucosal HPV16 E7 and HPV11 E7 proteins is mediated by their zinc-binding domain via a Ran-dependent pathway and independent of nuclear import receptors and that a patch of hydrophobic residues within the zinc-binding domain of HPV16 E7 and HPV11 E7 proteins is responsible for their nuclear import via hydrophobic interactions with FG nucleoporins. Here we investigated the nucleocytoplasmic traffic of cutaneous HPV8 E7 protein using confocal microscopy to analyze the intracellular localization of EGFP-8E7, its subdomains and its mutants after transient transfections. We also investigated the nuclear import ability of GST-8E7, its subdomains and mutants using in vitro nuclear import assays in digitonin-permeabilized HeLa cells. In addition, we performed isolation assays to study the direct interaction between HPV8 E7 and two FG nucleoporins, Nup62 and Nup153 or the nuclear export receptor, CRM1. We found that the nuclear import of cutaneous HPV8 E7 is mediated by a nuclear localization signal (NLS) located within its zinc-binding domain. Furthermore, we determined that the hydrophobic residues within the 65LRLFV69 patch are responsible for the nuclear import and nuclear localization of HPV8 E7 via direct hydrophobic interactions with FG nucleoporins, Nup62 and Nup153, whereas the positively charged arginine 66 plays no significant role in the function of the NLS. In addition, we examined the nuclear export mechanism of cutaneous HPV8 E7 protein and showed that it has a leucine-rich nuclear export signal (NES) in its C-terminal domain that is recognized by the CRM1 nuclear export receptor. These studies are essential for understanding the nucleocytoplasmic traffic of cutaneous HPV8 E7 protein
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014
Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Biology
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Kandell, Rebecca Marie. "Assessing the Photoprotective Effects of Fluorescent Sphingomyelin Against UVB Induced DNA Damage in Human Keratinocytes." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2018. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1872.
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Non Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) affects 3.3 million Americans each year and results from Ultra Violet Radiation (UVR) damage to DNA in the form of pyrimidine dimers and photoproducts [1]–[5]. Cells directly detect the damage and initiate apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, or DNA repair by modulating p53 and p21 levels [6]–[9]. Current methods of photoprotection include sunscreen, but controversy over safety of some active ingredients necessitates research into more natural alternatives [10]–[12]. In particular, 24 hour incubation with bovine milk sphingomyelin (BSM) has demonstrated photoprotective potential by reducing p21 and p53 levels in keratinocytes (KRTs) after UV radiation [13], [14]. This thesis aims to expand on past BSM research by exploring the mechanism for photoprotection. Normally, sphingomyelin (SM) is metabolically degraded to ceramide which then leads to cell apoptosis [6]. The goals of this thesis were to characterize a fluorescent SM (FSM) to assess changes in intracellular fluorescence distribution after various incubation and post-UV exposure times. FSM was deemed functionally equivalent to BSM by reducing levels of p21 after UV. Furthermore, quantification demonstrated that FSM trafficking and intracellular fluorescence were independent of continuous incubation time, warranting further investigation into shorter timepoints like 1 hour. Across several post-UV timepoints, the 1 hour incubation had a consistently higher average cytoplasmic mean gray value compared to 24 hour incubation. In addition, the no UV control was significantly lower compared to the 24 hour and 12 hour post-UV timepoints. No post-UV differences were observed for the 24 hour incubation, suggesting future work is necessary for the 1 hour incubation, which potentially streamlines future experiments. Two immunofluorescence stains for endogenous SM (lysenin) and ceramide were also optimized for preliminary fluorescence distribution studies and colocalization with FSM. Finally, a 3T3 fibroblast spheroid model was utilized as proof-of-concept for future 3D KRT cultures and depth of dye penetration quantification methods. These findings suggest FSM is an appropriate model for BSM trafficking, a shorter FSM incubation time could potentially be adopted in future studies, dual immunofluorescence staining for SM and ceramide is viable, and spheroids provide a promising model for future 3D KRT studies.
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Alshammari, Eid Salem. "∆Np63α Positively Regulates ERK3 Expression in Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1556229754222487.
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CERAOLO, MARIA GRAZIA. "DEREGULATION OF UV-ACTIVATED INFLAMMASOME BY HPV 38 IN HUMAN KERATINOCYTES." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/543118.
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I carcinomi spinocellulari (o a cellule squamose) sono le malattie umane più comuni che si verificano negli adulti di carnagione chiara e rappresentano circa il 30% dei tumori totali nel mondo. L'eziologia di questo tipo di cancro è multifattoriale, dal momento che fattori genotipici, fenotipici e/ o ambientali possono essere coinvolti nel suo sviluppo.
Diversi studi hanno messo in evidenza che l'esposizione ai raggi ultravioletti (UVB) rappresenta un fattore di rischio chiave nello sviluppo del cancro della pelle. Inoltre, gli agenti infettivi potrebbero costituire un ulteriore fattore di rischio, ipotesi sostenuta dal fatto che i pazienti immunocompromessi, quali ad esempio i soggetti che hanno subito un trapianto di organo (OTR), mostrano un rischio più elevato di sviluppare carcinomi spinocellulari rispetto agli individui immunocompetenti. Molti agenti infettivi sono in grado di colonizzare la pelle e in particolare un sottogruppo di beta papillomavirus umani a tropismo cutaneo (β-HPV) è considerato il fattore eziologico più probabile nello sviluppo del carcinoma a cellule squamose.
In particolare, la presenza di β-HPV è stata riportata nei pazienti affetti da un raro difetto dell’immunità cellulo-mediata, chiamato epidermodisplasia verruciformis (EV), che causa un’elevata suscettibilità allo sviluppo del carcinoma a cellule squamose della pelle (SCC). Questo costituisce la prova iniziale secondo la quale gli agenti infettivi, come β-HPV, rappresenterebbero un potenziale fattore di rischio supplementare nello sviluppo dei tumori spinocellulari.
Diversi studi hanno dimostrato le proprietà trasformanti delle oncoproteine virali, E6 e E7, sia in modelli sperimentali in vitro che in vivo. Entrambe le proteine, alterando le funzioni di proteine cellulari, quali p53 e pRb, sono in grado di deregolare diversi eventi cellulari chiave, come il ciclo cellulare, la riparazione del danno del DNA, l'apoptosi e la senescenza.
Sulla base di questi risultati in vitro, il nostro gruppo ha generato un modello animale di topi transgenici (Tg) che esprimono le proteine virali E6 e E7 di HPV38 nello strato basale della pelle e nella mucosa epiteliale. Questi topi hanno mostrato un’elevata suscettibilità alla radiazione UV; infatti, la loro esposizione ai raggi UVB causa lo sviluppo di lesioni attiniche simili alla cheratosi che sono considerati come precursori del carcinoma a cellule squamose della pelle nell'uomo, e alcune settimane dopo hanno sviluppato il carcinoma conclamato. Al contrario, i topi wild-type non hanno sviluppato alcun tipo di lesioni cutanee quando sono stati esposti alla stessa dose di radiazioni UV. Tuttavia, il meccanismo della cooperazione tra UV e HPV38 non è stato ancora chiarito e l’obiettivo di questo lavoro di tesi è stato quello di esaminare i meccanismi molecolari di tale sinergismo.
A tale scopo, abbiamo valutato se l'espressione degli oncogeni virali negli animali transgenici potesse alterare l'espressione genica indotta dalle radiazioni UV. L'analisi dell'intero trascrittoma ha rilevato che più di 300 geni sono deregolati nei topi transgenici dopo l'esposizione ai raggi UVB, rispetto agli animali wild-type. In particolare, le oncoproteine E6 e E7 sono in grado di deregolare l'espressione di proteine coinvolte nella formazione dei complessi dell’inflammosoma o dei loro effettori a valle, come IL-18. È interessante notare che molti studi condotti su linee cellulari di cheratinociti hanno dimostrato che le radiazioni UV attivano l’inflammosoma, portando alla secrezione di specifiche citochine pro-infiammatorie, come IL-1β e IL-18.
I risultati ottenuti tramite RT-qPCR hanno confermato i dati dell’analisi del trascrittoma, mostrando che l'espressione dell’IL-18 è regolata nei topi wild-type dopo l'esposizione a UV, mentre è fortemente inibita nei topi transgenici.
Successivamente, utilizzando i cheratinociti umani primari (HPKs) come modello sperimentale, abbiamo analizzato i meccanismi coinvolti nell'espressione dell’IL-18 indotta dai raggi UV, nonché il ruolo di HPV38 nella deregolazione di questi eventi.
I cheratinociti primari umani in seguito all’irradiazione con raggi UV mostravano un aumento dei livelli di espressione di mRNA dell’IL-18 e di altri componenti chiave dei complessi dell’inflammosoma, quali AIM2 e ASC; al contrario, la presenza delle proteine virali E6 e E7 riduceva fortemente l’espressione dell’IL-18 sia a livello di espressione di mRNA che di secrezione.
L’utilizzo di cheratinociti esprimenti il gene della telomerasi umano (hTERT), al fine di prolungare il ciclo vitale delle cellule, quale modello sperimentale in vitro alternativo, ha messo in evidenza un elevalto livello basale di mRNA di IL-18 rispetto ai cheratinociti primari; inoltre, la presenza di E6 e E7 svolge un ruolo inibitorio su tale espressione.
L’espressione transiente di un vettore contenente il promotore isolato dell’IL-18 clonato davanti al gene reporter della luciferasi, in cheratinociti esprimenti il gene hTERT, ha confermato la capacità di E6 e E7 di HPV38 di reprimere l'attività del promotore dell’Interleuchina 18.
Inoltre, l'analisi del promotore dell’ IL-18, mediante l’utilizzo del programma bioinformatico TFBIND, ha rivelato la presenza di 15 putativi siti di legame per p53, classicamente attivato dalle radiazioni UV. Eseguendo test di immunoprecipitazione della cromatina (CHIP), abbiamo dimostrato che p53 viene reclutato in due distinte regioni del promotore dell’IL-18, che comprendono quattro elementi responsivi per p53. Le proteine E6 e E7 di HPV38 impediscono in modo efficace il reclutamento di p53 su queste regioni del promotore dell’IL-18.
Questi risultati corroborano la nostra ipotesi circa la possibilità che β-HPV38 svolga un ruolo importante nell'inibizione della risposta dell’inflammosoma indotta dai raggi UV; in particolare, il virus potrebbe alterare l'espressione genica e la produzione di proteine coinvolte nella formazione del complesso dell’inflammosoma così come di citochine specifiche (quali ad esempio IL-18). Altresì, la riduzione della regolazione dell’IL-18 potrebbe compromettere la capacità dei cheratinociti di reclutare le cellule del sistema immunitario nell'area esposta ai raggi UV, causando un difetto nell'eliminazione delle cellule che hanno subito un danno al DNA.
In conclusione, tutte queste alterazioni potrebbero determinare l'accumulo di danni al DNA indotti dall’esposizione ai raggi UV e allo sviluppo del cancro a cellule squamose della pelle.Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most common human malignancies occurring in fair-skinned adult population, representing approximately 30% of total cancer. The etiology of this cancer is multifactorial, since genotypic, phenotypic and/or environmental factors can be involved in its development. Several studies have reported that the exposure to ultraviolet irradiation (UVB) represents a key risk factor in the development of skin cancer. Furthermore, infectious agents could be an additional risk factor and this hypothesis is supported by the evidence that immunocompromised people, e.g. organ transplant recipients (OTRs), show a higher risk of developing NMSC compared with immunocompetent individuals. Several infectious agents are able to colonize the skin and especially a subgroup of beta cutaneous human papillomavirus (HPV) is considered the most likely additional etiological factors of NMSC. In particular, the presence of β-HPV has been reported in patients with a rare cell-mediated immunity disorder, called epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), which causes high rates of susceptibility to develop skin squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on sun-exposed areas. Thus, it provided the initial clues about infectious agents, such as β HPV, as potential additional risk factor for NMSC. Several studies have demonstrated the transforming properties of the viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, in in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Both proteins, altering the functions of tumour suppressor gene products, e.g. p53 and retinoblastoma (pRb), are able to deregulate key cellular events, such as cell cycle, DNA repair, apoptosis and senescence. Based on these in vitro results, our group has generated a transgenic (Tg) mouse model that express E6 and E7 oncogenes from beta HPV38 in the basal level of the skin and mucosal epithelia. Those mice were highly susceptible to UV-radiation; in fact, the exposure of HPV38 E6/E7 Tg mice to UVB caused the development of actinic keratosis-like lesions that are considered as precursors of SCC in humans and a few week later SCC. Conversely, the wild-type mice did not develop any type of skin lesions when exposed to the same dose of UV radiations. However, the mechanism of the UV/HPV38 cooperation has not been elucidated yet. The aim of this work thesis was to dissect the molecular mechanisms of such cooperation. We have first determined whether the expression of the viral oncogenes in the Tg animals alters the pattern of gene expression induced by UV radiation. The analysis of the entire transcriptome pointed out that more than 300 genes are deregulated in the Tg mice after UVB exposure, compared to the wild type animals. In particular, the HPV38 E6 and E7 oncoproteins were able to down regulate the expression of proteins involved in the inflammasome complexes or the downstream effectors, such as IL-18. Interestingly, many studies in keratinocyte cell lines provided evidence that UV radiation activate the inflammasome pathway, leading the secretion of specific pro-inflammatory cytokines, like IL-1β and IL-18. RT-qPCR experiments confirmed the transcriptome findings, showing that IL-18 expression is up-regulated in wild-type mice after UV exposure, while it is strongly inhibited in HPV38 E6/E7 Tg mice. Using primary human keratinocytes (HPKs) as experimental models, we dissected the mechanisms involved in the UV-induced IL-18 expression as well as the role of HPV38 in the deregulation of these events. RT-qPCR analysis showed an UV-induced upregulation of IL-18 mRNA expression as well as some key inflammasome components, like AIM2 and ASC, in HPKs cells; conversely, the presence of E6 and E7 oncoproteins strongly down regulated IL-18 both at the expression and secretion levels. Using another in vitro experimental model, such as keratinocytes expressing the human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (hTERT), in order to prolong the life span of the cells, we found that this cell line presents a higher basal level of IL-18 compared to HPKs and the presence of E6 and E7 plays an inhibitory role. Transient transfection experiments in hTERT HPKs using a vector containing the isolated IL-18 promoter cloned in front the luciferase reporter gene confirmed the ability of HPV38 E6 and E7 to repress the IL-18 promoter activity. The analysis of IL-18 promoter by TFBIND bioinformatics tool revealed the presence of 15 putative binding sites for p53, which is well known to be activated by UV radiation. Performing chromatin immunoprecipitation assays (CHIP), we showed that p53 is recruited to two distinct regions of the IL-18 promoters that includes four p53 responsive elements. Importantly, HPV38 E6 and E7 efficiently prevent p53 recruitment to these IL-18 promoter regions. Together these results corroborated our hypothesis that beta HPV38 play an important role in the inhibition UV-induce inflammasome response, by altering the gene expression and the production of proteins involved in the inflammasome pathways as well as of specific cytokines (e.g. IL-18). Most likely, the down regulation of IL-18 may impair the ability of the keratinocytes to recruit the immune cell population at the UV-exposed area, causing a defect in the elimination of cells harboring DNA damage. In conclusion, all these alterations may lead to the accumulation of UV-induced DNA damage and development of non-melanoma skin cancer.
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Norburn, Jill. "NATIONAL MERIT FINALISTS AT THE UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA-TRENDS, ATTRITION, AND RETENTION1997-2005." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4069.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the trends, attrition and retention rates of National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida between the years of 1997 to 2005. This study was intended to provide information for higher education practitioners, faculty, and administrators to help them better understand the expectations and current trends of National Merit Finalists. The problem was to determine how to increase recruitment and retention while decreasing the attrition rates of these highly desirable students. The importance of this study includes identifying trends that may aid in future recruitment efforts for National Merit Finalists; finding the causes of dissatisfaction towards the University among these students; and identifying specific areas in which to alleviate those dissatisfactions. The results will hopefully provide insight into specific recruitment, services, and programming options for these students. The study examined data that was collected from the University of Central Florida's Burnett Honors College database known as FileMaker 8.0. The data examined characteristics such as grade point averages (high school and college); valedictorian and salutatorian status; test scores (SAT and ACT); Honors in the Major (undergraduate thesis) students; Honors and university status (withdrawn, probation, removed, disqualified, enrolled, graduated); Honors college attrition; university attrition; ethnicity; gender ratios; majors; and, prestigious scholarships awarded in college (such as the Rhodes, Truman, Marshall). The actual size of the sample was one hundred ninety-eight National Merit Finalists. Data was also collected from a survey given to all University of Central Florida National Merit Finalists. Descriptive statistics were reported for each of the components examined. This data examined the types of scholarship packages that National Merit Finalists were offered; the reasons students chose the University of Central Florida over other universities; the college recruitment process; hours studied for the PSAT; siblings; perceptions on being a National Merit Finalist; the number of times students changed their majors; job status; transportation; computer attainment; disabilities; and the potential disadvantages of being labeled as a National Merit Finalist. The data could be utilized to examine the trends of our National Merit Finalists, in order to see what is working and what is not in terms or recruitment and retention; and also to further examine what these students want from their institutions. Findings indicated that problems exist in regard to the following: the recruitment of female and minority National Merit Finalists; males historically score higher on the SAT than females; decreasing the attrition rates of this population at the University of Central Florida; the majority of National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida come from Florida; the majority of National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida do not tend to be high school salutatorians or valedictorians; high school counselors seem to be the least effective tool for recruiting National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida; and the majority of National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida did not study at all for the PSAT test. However, the University of Central Florida is extremely competitive with other institutions of higher education with regard to scholarship packages. Results also revealed the following: the SAT is a more widely accepted tool for determining NMSC status as opposed to the ACT; the majority of National Merit Finalists have a GPA between 3.600 and 3.999 at the University of Central Florida; the University of Central Florida is succeeding in making its National Merit Finalists feel special during the recruitment process; the most influential reason that National Merit Finalists are choosing UCF is based upon the financial scholarship packages they are offered; and the majority of National Merit Finalists at the University of Central Florida do not feel that there are disadvantages toward being labeled as such. This data provides a basis for further research on National Merit Finalists trends, attrition, and retention. Practical considerations are revealed in the data that will influence future recruitment methods and lead to higher retention rates and increased student satisfaction. Several other recommendations are made to conduct further research studies on the trends, attrition, and retention rates of National Merit Finalists.Ed.D.
Department of Educational Research, Technology and Leadership
Education
Educational Leadership
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Westphal, Kathi. "Molekulare Mechanismen kutaner humaner Papillomviren (HPV) während der Hautkarzinogenese." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15998.
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In den letzen Jahren gab es durch epidemiologische und molekularbiologische Studien vermehrt Hinweise, dass kutane humane Papillomviren (HPV) ursächlich an der Entstehung nicht-melanozytärer Hauttumore (engl. NMSC) beteiligt sind. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war die Identifizierung molekularer Mechanismen der viralen Proteine E6 und E7 kutaner HPV-Typen. Die E6 oder E7 Gene der verschiedenen HPV-Typen 1, 4, 5, 8, 20, 38 und RTRX7 wurden untersucht. Natürliche Wirtszellen dieser Viren, humane primäre Keratinozyten (HPK) der Haut, wurden mit rekombinanten, für E6 oder E7 kodierenden Retroviren infiziert. Die Analysen erfolgten in Monolayer-Kultur (undifferenzierte Keratinozyten) oder in organotypischen Hautmodellen (Induktion der Keratinozytendifferenzierung). Die Expression von E6 oder E7 führte in Monolayer-HPK zu einer Verlängerung der Lebensspanne und zu einer deutlich erhöhten Verdoppelungsrate. Eine Telomeraseaktivierung, die charakteristisch für immortale Zellen ist, wurde nur in HPV 8 E6 positiven HPK nachgewiesen. In organotypischen Hautmodellen induzierte das E7 Protein von HPV 1, 4 und 38 starke Veränderungen in der Differenzierung sowie eine Zunahme der Proliferation. Weiterhin wurde eine Aufhebung der normalen Zellzykluskontrolle in suprabasalen HPV 5 E7 oder HPV 8 E7 beobachtet. Hinweise auf ein starkes invasives Potential von E7-infizierten HPK wurden für HPV 8 E7 bestätigt und für HPV 4 E7, HPV 38 E7 und RTRX7 E7 erweitert. Molekulare Mechanismen der viralen Gene E6 und E7 kutaner HPV unterscheiden sich von mukosalen Typen. Das Mehrstufenmodell der Karzinogenese beinhaltet eine Reihe fundamentaler Zelltransformationen, die für eine Tumorgenese nötig sind. In dieser Arbeit beschriebene Mechanismen der Modulation der Zelldifferenzierung und Zellproliferation durch die kutanen HPV-Typen 4, 5, 8 und 38 können unter Umständen zur Induktion und Progression früher Stadien von Plattenepithelkarzinomen (SCC) beitragen.In the last years epidemiologic and molecular biological studies accumulated increasing evidence that cutaneous human papillomaviruses are etiologically involved in the formation of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC). The presented work aims to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms of the viral proteins E6 and E7 of cutaneous HPV types. The E6 and E7 genes of the different HPV types 1, 4, 5, 8, 20, and RTRX7, which are in vivo associated with cutaneous benign or malignant lesions, were studied. Natural host cells of these viruses, human primary keratinocyts (HPK) of the skin, were infected with recombinant E6 and E7 encoding retroviruses. The following analyses were performed in monolayer culture (non-differentiated keratinocytes) or in organotypic skin culture (induction of keratinocyte differentiation). The expression of E6 and E7 elongated the life span of monolayer HPK and significantly increased the doubling rate. An activation of the telomerase, characteristic for immortalized cells, was only detected in HPV 8 E6 positive cells. In organotypic skin cultures E7 of HPV 1, 4 and 38 induced drastic changes in differentiation and proliferation. Additionally an impairment of the normal cell cycle control in suprabasale HPV 5 E7 and 8 E7 cultures was seen. Hints for a strong invasive potential of E7 infected HPK were proven for HPV 8 E7 and expanded to HPV 4 E7, HPV 38 E7 and RTRX E7. The viral E6 and E7 genes of cutaneous and mucosal HPV types exhibit different molecular mechanisms. The multistep model of carcinogenesis includes a series of fundamental cell transformations necessary for tumorigenesis. Mechanisms for the modulation of cell differentiation and proliferation by cutaneous HPV types 4, 5, 8 and 38 described in this work could potentially contribute to the induction and progression of early stages of squamous cell carcinoma.
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Barra, Tiago Bruno Areal. "O papel formativo do Movimento Nacional dos Meninos e Meninas de Rua (MNMMR) na comunidade do Lagamar atravÃs da perspectiva dos participantes: uma experiÃncia de construÃÃo da resiliÃncia e empoderamento." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14035.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorA sociedade tem passado por um conjunto de transformaÃÃes em sua estrutura. Um dos aspectos mais interessantes dessa transformaÃÃo à observar como a juventude passa por tais mudanÃas de maneira rÃpida, mas nem sempre guiada pelo aspecto qualitativo desse processo. A juventude, principalmente da periferia, està sendo vÃtima de uma ordem social que se estrutura na Ãtica da desumanizaÃÃo. Tendo como base essa premissa, a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo compreender o papel formativo do Movimento Nacional dos Meninos e Meninas de Rua (MNMMR) na Comunidade do Lagamar atravÃs da perspectiva dos participantes, observando esse processo dentro de uma experiÃncia de construÃÃo da resiliÃncia e do empoderamento. Para compreender esse processo formativo (MACEDO, 2010), utilizei da construÃÃo das histÃrias de vida (DELORY-MOMBERGER, 2008; FERRAROTTI, 1996; NÃVOA & FINGER, 2010; PINEAU, 2006, 2012), de acordo com os procedimentos da entrevista narrativa (JOVCHELOVITCH & BAUER, 2002) buscando compor traÃos identitÃrios importantes do MNMMR do Cearà que acaba por completar 30 anos de histÃria em 2015. A categoria da resiliÃncia (ANTUNES, 2011; ASSIS, 2006; CYRULNIK, 2004, 2012; MELILLO & OJEDA, 2005; POLETTI, 2013; YUNES, 2003) e do empoderamento forjado no processo de lutas e conquistas sociais (FREIRE, 1983, 1986, 2006; LOBO, 2011; SAWAIA, 2008) ajudam a compreender esse processo de exclusÃo social e de tomada de consciÃncia crÃtica frente Ãs adversidades sociais. Nas histÃrias de vida, fica evidenciado a importÃncia social do MNMMR, tornando-se um movimento social importante para a Comunidade do Lagamar por atuar com os sujeitos em situaÃÃo de rua. A relevÃncia mostra que as dimensÃes de resiliÃncia e do empoderamento, podem servir de significados para a melhoria de uma formaÃÃo humana propiciada pelo prÃprio MNMMR. O presente trabalho investigativo traz à tona um diÃlogo formativo, que contempla tambÃm um processo educativo, uma aÃÃo educativa construÃda no seio da rua, tendo como protagonista a juventude da periferia da cidade de Fortaleza.
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Dang-Heine, Chantip. "Genexpressionsprofil und Aktivität humaner Papillomviren in nicht-melanozytären Hauttumoren." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16152.
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Für die Entstehung nicht-melanozytärer Hauttumore sind mehrere Risikofaktoren verantwortlich: UV-Exposition, Pigmentierung, Alter, Immunsuppression und möglicherweise Humane Papillomviren (HPV). Die molekularen Mechanismen der Tumorgenese des kutanen Plattenepithelkarzinoms (SCC) sowie der Präkanzerose Aktinische Keratose (AK) sind nur lückenhaft bekannt. Fokus dieser Arbeit ist die Untersuchung von SCC-Genexpressionsprofilen sowie der Einfluss kutaner HPV-Typen während der Karzinogenese bei immunkompetenten und immunsupprimierten, organtransplantierten Patienten. Durch Genexpressionsanalyse kutaner SCC, AK und normaler Haut konnten 118 differenziell exprimierte Gene in SCC mittels cDNA-Microarrays identifiziert werden. Bestätigt wurde die Expression von 11 aus 13 ausgewählten Genen (85%) mittels quantitativer real-time RT-PCR (qPCR), dabei konnte eine Korrelation der Genexpression mit der Progression der AK zum SCC für 3 Gene nachgewiesen werden. Dazu zählen das Gen Metalloproteinase-1, kodierend für ein Enzym, das in den Umbau von extrazellulärer Matrix involviert ist, das Protoonkogen RAB31 und das Tenascin-C (Tn-C) kodierende Gen Tn-C. Tn-C war im SCC-Gewebe an der Invasionsfront in Basalzellen sowie Keratinozyten im Stratum papillare und retikulare als Protein nachweisbar, nicht aber in normaler Haut. Die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit erstmalig nachgewiesene 2243 bp-Spleißvariante von Tn-C könnte aufgrund der primären Expression in SCC–Gewebe als diagnostischer Marker für SCC dienen. Diese Daten zeigen, dass simultane, multifaktorielle Dysregulationen von Genexpression und DNA-Reparatur, Zellzyklus und Proliferation, proteolytischen Enzymen und Adhäsionsmolekülen in SCC vorliegen. Ferner wurde die Expression von HPV in SCC und damit der kausale Zusammenhang einer HPV-Infektion mit der Hauttumorgenese untersucht. Das Infektionsmuster von SCC-Gewebe und normaler Haut mit spezifischen HPV-Typen erfolgte durch den Nachweis typenspezifischer HPV-DNA. Virale E6/E7-mRNA-Transkripte der kutanen HPV-Typen 8, 9 und 15 wurden in AK und SCC nachgewiesen. Dagegen konnten in HPV-DNA positiver, gesunder Haut oder Warzen keine HPV-Transkripte gefunden werden. Die Variantenanalyse des offenen Leserahmens von E6 identifizierte eine einzelne, bislang nicht beschriebene Punktmutation mit nicht bekannter Veränderung der Proteinstruktur. Die virale Aktivität der Onkogene E6 und E7 einiger kutaner Typen in AK und SCC weisen auf eine mögliche Rolle von HPV bei der kutanen Hautkarzinogenese hin.During development of non-melanoma skin cancer, several risk factors are involved: UV-exposition, pigmentation, age, and potentially human papilloma virus (HPV). The molecular mechanisms underlying tumourgenesis in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and its pre-cancerosis actinic keratosis (AK) are not fully understood. In this study, the gene expression profile and HPV-infection status were analysed in SCC from immunocompetent and organ transplanted, immunocompromised patients.By global transcriptome analysis from cutaneous SCC, AK and healthy skin, 118 genes were identified differentially expressed in a cDNA-microarray. The expression of 11 out of 13 selected genes (85%) was investigated by real-time RT-PCR (qPCR) and the expression of three genes remarkably induced in SCC correlated with the progression to AK until SCC. These genes encoded for Metalloproteinase-1, which is involved in the remodelling of extracellular matrix, and the protooncogene RAB31 and Tenascin-C (Tn-C). Tn-C protein is expressed in SCC-tissue at the invasion front in basal cells and in keratinocytes in the Stratum papillare and retikulare, but not in healthy skin. This study, the 2243 bp Tn-C-specific splice-variant has for the first time detected in SCC, but not in normal skin. Thus it might serve as diagnostic marker of SCC progression. The data of the transcriptome analysis indicates that a simultaneous dysregulation of oncogene expression and DNA-repair, cell-cycle and proliferation, proteolysis and adhesion molecules exists in SCC. Additionally, the expression of HPV in SCC and thus the causal relationship between HPV-infection and tumourgenesis of SCC in immunocompromised patients was investigated. The HPV-infection pattern in SCC-tissue and normal skin was assessed by detection of DNA from cutaneous HPV-types. Viral E6/E7-mRNA-transcripts of the cutaneous HPV-types 8, 9, 15 were expressed selectively in AK and SCC. In contrast, no HPV-specific mRNA was present in HPV-DNA positive normal skin. The analysis of the open reading frame from the respective E6-protein genes unravelled one single pointmutation, which is not been characterized so far in terms of e.g. its impact on protein structure. The viral activity of the oncogenes E6 and E7 of cutaneous HPV-types indicates a potential function of HPV in the tumourgenesis of SCC in immunocompromised individuals.
Books on the topic "NMSC"
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Tibbles, April. NMSA curriculum guidelines. Columbus, Ohio (4807 Evanswood Dr., Columbus 43229-6292): National Middle School Association, 1991.
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NMS medicine. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2012.
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D, Wolfsthal Susan, ed. NMS medicine. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.
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Pfeifer, Samantha M. NMS obstetrics and gynecology. 7th ed. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins Health, 2011.
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James, Turrell. James Turrell. Edited by Moscatelli Filomena. Milano: Charta, 2009.
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Council, Nursing and Midwifery. Professional advice from the NMC. London: Nursing and Midwifery Council, 2002.
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Conference, New Media Consortium Summer. 2007 NMC summer conference proceedings. Austin, Tex: New Media Consortium, 2007.
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Steve, Merrett, and Rignall Julian, eds. NMS: The complete games guide. (London): EMAP Images, 1993.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "NMSC"
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Knapp, F. F., and Ashutosh Dash. "Locoregional Radionuclide Therapy for Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC)." In Radiopharmaceuticals for Therapy, 253–64. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2607-9_13.
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Grüne, Lars, and Jürgen Pannek. "Economic NMPC." In Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, 221–58. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46024-6_8.
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Grüne, Lars, and Jürgen Pannek. "Distributed NMPC." In Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, 259–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46024-6_9.
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Andrews, Anne M., Greg A. Gerhardt, Lynette C. Daws, Mohammed Shoaib, Barbara J. Mason, Charles J. Heyser, Luis De Lecea, et al. "NMS." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 901. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_4419.
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Froehlich, Stephan J., Carlo A. Lackerbauer, Guenter Rudolph, Jan Rémi, Soheyl Noachtar, Werner J. Heppt, Annette Cryer, et al. "NMS." In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1485. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_7515.
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Grancharova, Alexandra, and Tor Arne Johansen. "Explicit Stochastic NMPC." In Explicit Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, 157–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28780-0_7.
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Grancharova, Alexandra, and Tor Arne Johansen. "Semi-explicit Distributed NMPC." In Explicit Nonlinear Model Predictive Control, 209–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28780-0_9.
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Guo, Jian, Yu Sasaki, Lei Wang, and Shuang Wu. "Cryptanalysis of HMAC/NMAC-Whirlpool." In Advances in Cryptology - ASIACRYPT 2013, 21–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-42045-0_2.
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Chen, Tinghuai. "NMRC: A Technique for Redundancy." In Fault Diagnosis and Fault Tolerance, 119–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77179-8_4.
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Von Unold, P. "NMS, Nitrate Monitoring System." In Field Screening Europe 2001, 363–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0564-7_62.
Full textConference papers on the topic "NMSC"
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Lamont, Sarah M., Kyungmann Kim, Thomas Havighurst, Eneida Mendonça, Gary S. Wood, Stephen Snow, and Howard H. Bailey. "Abstract A52: A phase III skin cancer chemoprevention study of DFMO in subjects with a history of non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC): Follow-up of NMSC events greater than 5 years post-study participation." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research‐‐ Oct 22-25, 2011; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.prev-11-a52.
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Geweid, Gamal G. N., Fartash Vasefi, and Kouhyar Tavakolian. "A Novel Nonparametric Technique for Segmenting Multimode Hyperspectral Images Obtained From Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Lesions." In 2020 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2020-9045.
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Abstract Keratinocyte Carcinoma, more traditionally known as Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), is the most common cancer in humans. Incidence continues to increase despite increased public awareness of the harmful effects of solar radiation. In this paper, a non-parametric technique based on image registration will be applied to the multimode hyperspectral imaging system to segment Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) and Squamous cell carcinoma lesions (SCC). The aim is to enhance Mohs surgery by determining the actual borderlines of the desired area in the patient’s images, leading to increased efficiency and efficacy of the Mohs surgery. The proposed algorithm was applied to four sets of different Multimode hyperspectral Images with Non-Melanoma Skin. The experimental findings showed that the proposed algorithm is effective in Non-Melanoma skin detection. This could lead to improved image-guided excision of cancerous lesions with potential applications in robotic interventions.
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Listik, Clarice, Rubens Gisbert Cury, Sara Carvalho Barbosa Casagrande, Eduardo Listik, Debora Arnaut, Natally Santiago, Júlia Machado, et al. "Improvement of non-motor symptoms and quality of life after DBS stimulation for dystonia: one-year follow-up." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.253.
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Background: DBS is an established treatment option in refractory dystonia, and motor outcomes have been extensively evaluated instead of the usually neglected NMS (e.g., pain). Objective: To describe the non-motor symptoms (NMS) after Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery for refractory generalized inherited/idiopathic dystonia in a prospective study. Design and setting: A prospective study that evaluated patients in the Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo. Methods: This study evaluated patients before and one year after DBS surgery. We applied the following scales: Burke-Fahn-Marsden Rating Scale (BFMRS), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Non-Motor Symptoms Scale for Parkinson’s Disease (NMSS-PD), Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-8 (PDQ8) Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), Neuropathic Pain Symptom Inventory (NPSI) and McGill pain questionnaire. Results: 11 patients (38.35 ± 11.30 years) underwent surgery (36.3% women). Motor BFMRS subscore was 64.36 ± 22.94 at baseline and 33.55 ± 17.44 after surgery (p=0.003, 47.9% improvement on motor symptoms). HADS scores remained unchanged. NMSS-PD had a significant change after DBS, from 70.91 ± 59.07 to 37.18 ± 55.05 (p=0.013, 47,5% improvement). Seven patients reported pain before DBS surgery, and after one year, four patients reported chronic pain (i.e., pain improved by 42.28%). BPI’s severity and interference scores were 4.61 ± 2.84 and 4.12 ± 2.67, respectively before surgery, and 2.79 ± 2.31 (0.00–6.25) and 1.12 ± 1.32 (0.00–3.00) after DBS (p=0.043 and p=0.028). NPSI total score was 15.29 ± 13.94 before DBS, and reduced to 2.29 ± 2.98 afterward (p=0.028). McGill’s total score was 9.00 ± 3.32 before DBS, achieving 2.71 ± 2.93 after surgery (p=0.028), mostly driven by the sensory sub-score. Conclusions: We found that DBS improves NMS in dystonia, including chronic pain, anxiety, gastrointestinal symptoms, besides the already established improvement in QoL and motor symptoms.
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Saeidpourazar, Reza, and Nader Jalili. "Forced-Controlled Nanomanipulation Utilizing Nano-Robotic Manipulator and Nanomechanical Cantilever." In ASME 2008 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2008-629.
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This paper presents forced-controlled nanomanipulation utilizing nano-robotic manipulator and nanomechanical cantilever. A three degree of freedom (3 DOF) nanomanipulator with revolute revolute prismatic (RRP) actuator structure, named here MM3A®, can be utilized for a variety of nanomanipulation tasks. Previous publications of the authors present the mathematical modeling and robust control of manipulator’s tip using fused visual servoing and force sensor feedbacks. Due to lack of position and velocity feedbacks in MM3A® nanomanipulator, a fused vision/force feedback robust controller has been recently designed by the authors. Previous publications of the authors present the optimal utilization of the visual servoing and force sensor feedbacks for use in the nanomanipulation tasks. More specifically, the visual servoing and force feedback structures are investigated through extensive simulations in order to reveal issues in practical implementation. In modeling the force sensing module of the designed fused feedback controller, previous publications of the authors present a closed-form distributed-parameters based modeling framework for piezoresistive Nanomechanical Cantilever (NMC)-based force sensors used in a variety of cantilever-based nanomanipulation actions. Current modeling practices call for a simple lumped-parameters framework rather than modeling the piezoresistive NMC itself. Due to the widespread applications of such NMCs in nanoscale force sensing or non-contact atomic force microscopy with nano-Newton to pico-Newton force measurement requirements, precise modeling of the piezoresistive microcantilevers is essential. Instead of the previously used lumped-parameters modeling, a distributed-parameters modeling framework is proposed and developed in previous publications of the authors to arrive at the most complete model of the piezoresistive NMC including tip-mass, tip-force and base movement considerations. Here, experimental results are presented to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed distributed-parameters model when compared with the previously reported lumped-parameters modeling approach. It is shown that by utilizing the distributed-parameters model rather than lumped-parameters approach and by predicting the exact motion of each point on the NMC, the precision of the piezoresistive NMC’s model is significantly enhanced. Such novel modeling framework could pave the pathway towards nanomechanical cantilever-based manipulation and positioning as detailed in the second part.
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Cowie, Jim. "CRL/NMSU." In the 6th conference. Morristown, NJ, USA: Association for Computational Linguistics, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.3115/1072399.1072414.
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Tomsic, Alejandro Z., Tyler Crain, and Marc Shapiro. "PhysiCS-NMSI." In EuroSys '16: Eleventh EuroSys Conference 2016. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2911151.2911166.
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Yebi, Adamu, Bin Xu, Xiaobing Liu, John Shutty, Paul Anschel, Simona Onori, Zoran Filipi, and Mark Hoffman. "Nonlinear Model Predictive Control Strategies for a Parallel Evaporator Diesel Engine Waste Heat Recovery System." In ASME 2016 Dynamic Systems and Control Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dscc2016-9801.
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This paper discusses the control challenges of a parallel evaporator organic Rankine cycle (ORC) waste heat recovery (WHR) system for a diesel engine. A nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) is proposed to regulate the mixed working fluid outlet temperature of both evaporators, ensuring efficient and safe ORC system operation. The NMPC is designed using a reduced order control model of the moving boundary heat exchanger system. In the NMPC formulation, the temperature difference between evaporator outlets is penalized so that the mixed temperature can be controlled smoothly without exceeding maximum or minimum working fluid temperature limits in either evaporator. The NMPC performance is demonstrated in simulation over an experimentally validated, high fidelity, physics based ORC plant model. NMPC performance is further validated through comparison with a classical PID control for selected high load and low load engine operating conditions. Compared to PID control, NMPC provides significantly improved performance in terms of control response time, overshoot, and temperature regulation.
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Yu, Shuangcheng, Yichi Zhang, Chen Wang, Won-kyu Lee, Biqin Dong, Teri W. Odom, Cheng Sun, and Wei Chen. "Characterization and Design of Functional Quasi-Random Nanostructured Materials Using Spectral Density Function." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-60118.
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Quasi-random nanostructured material systems (NMSs) are emerging engineered material systems via cost-effective, scalable bottom-up processes, such as the phase separation of polymer mixtures or the mechanical self-assembly based on thin-film wrinkling. Current development of functional quasi-random NMSs mainly follows a sequential strategy without considering the fabrication conditions in nanostructure optimization, which limits the feasibility of the optimized design for large-scale, parallel nanomanufacturing using bottom-up processes. We propose a novel design methodology for designing quasi-random NMSs that employs spectral density function (SDF) to concurrently optimize the nanostructure and design the corresponding nanomanufacturing conditions of a bottom-up process. Alternative to the well-known correlation functions for characterizing the structural correlation of NMSs, the SDF provides a convenient and informative design representation to bridge the gap between processing-structure and structure-performance relationships, to enable fast explorations of optimal fabricable nanostructures, and to exploit the stochastic nature of manufacturing processes. In this paper, we first introduce the SDF as a non-deterministic design representation for quasi-random NMSs, compared with the two-point correlation function. Efficient reconstruction methods for quasi-random NMSs are developed for handling different morphologies, such as the channel-type and particle-type, in simulation-based design. The SDF based computational design methodology is illustrated by the optimization of quasi-random light-trapping nanostructures in thin-film solar cells for both channel-type and particle-type NMSs. Finally, the concurrent design strategy is employed to optimize the quasi-random light-trapping structure manufactured via scalable wrinkle nanolithography process.
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"NMDC 2019 Program." In 2019 IEEE 14th Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nmdc47361.2019.9084022.
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"NMDC 2019 Committee." In 2019 IEEE 14th Nanotechnology Materials and Devices Conference (NMDC). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nmdc47361.2019.9084001.
Full textReports on the topic "NMSC"
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Pope, Noah Gale, and Christopher Hobbs. NMAC case studies: NMAC discovers leak of radioactive liquid at THORP, Sellafield Plant, UK. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1215824.
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Karpius, Peter Joseph. NDA & NMAC at LANL Overview. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1558957.
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Boring, Ronald, and David Gertman. Human reliability analysis for NMSS P-406. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1467674.
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Becker, Robert C. NMMC Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada503753.
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West, Rebecca Lynn. Nuclear Security Objectives of an NMAC System. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1416266.
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Orlando, D. A., R. C. Hogg, and K. M. Ramsey. NMSS handbook for decommissioning fuel cycle and materials licensees. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/459359.
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Steckle, Jr., Warren, and D. Veirs. Technical review of NMC gasket filter degradation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1159585.
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Thomas, Robert L. The Submarine Force: Utility in the Future NMS? Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442607.
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Hodge, C. Qualification of SRS's KAMS NMC and GIS Systems. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/812411.
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King, M., E. Renedo, and D. Croucher. Review of the evaluation activities for the NMS. National Physical Laboratory, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47120/npl.iea9.
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