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Journal articles on the topic 'NNV'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 25 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2025

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1

Larkin, Andrew, Howard Waitzkin, Ella Fassler, and Kesavan Rajasekharan Nayar. "How missing evidence-based medicine indicators can inform COVID-19 vaccine distribution policies: a scoping review and calculation of indicators from data in randomised controlled trials." BMJ Open 12, no. 12 (2022): e063525. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-063525.

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ObjectiveReports of efficacy, effectiveness and harms of COVID-19 vaccines have not used key indicators from evidence-based medicine (EBM) that can inform policies about vaccine distribution. This study aims to clarify EBM indicators that consider baseline risks when assessing vaccines’ benefits versus harms: absolute risk reduction (ARR) and number needed to be vaccinated (NNV), versus absolute risk of the intervention (ARI) and number needed to harm (NNH).MethodsWe used a multimethod approach, including a scoping review of the literature; calculation of risk reductions and harms from data co

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Chang, Jui-Shin, and Shau-Chi Chi. "GHSC70 Is Involved in the Cellular Entry of Nervous Necrosis Virus." Journal of Virology 89, no. 1 (2014): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02523-14.

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ABSTRACTNervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a devastating pathogen of cultured marine fish and has affected more than 40 fish species. NNV belongs to the betanodaviruses ofNodaviridaeand is a nonenveloped icosahedral particle with 2 single-stranded positive-sense RNAs. To date, knowledge regarding NNV entry into the host cell remains limited, and no NNV-specific receptor protein has been published. Using grouper fin cell line GF-1 and purified NNV capsid protein in a virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA), grouper heat shock cognate protein 70 (GHSC70) and grouper voltage-dependent anion sele

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Lee, Hyunkyoung, Seong Kyeong Bae, Munki Kim, et al. "Anticancer Effect of Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish Venom on HepG2 Cells and a Tumor Xenograft Animal Model." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/2752716.

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Various kinds of animal venoms and their components have been widely studied for potential therapeutic applications. This study evaluated whether Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV) has anticancer activity. NnV strongly induced cytotoxicity of HepG2 cells through apoptotic cell death, as demonstrated by alterations of chromatic morphology, activation of procaspase-3, and an increase in the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. Furthermore, NnV inhibited the phosphorylation of PI3K, PDK1, Akt, mTOR, p70S6K, and 4EBP1, whereas it enhanced the expression of p-PTEN. Interestingly, NnV also inactivated the negativ

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Morick, Danny, Or Faigenbaum, Margarita Smirnov, Yakov Fellig, Adi Inbal, and Moshe Kotler. "Mortality Caused by Bath Exposure of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae to Nervous Necrosis Virus Is Limited to the Fourth Day Postfertilization." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 10 (2015): 3280–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.04175-14.

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ABSTRACTNervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a member of theBetanodavirusgenus that causes fatal diseases in over 40 species of fish worldwide. Mortality among NNV-infected fish larvae is almost 100%. In order to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for the susceptibility of fish larvae to NNV, we exposed zebrafish larvae to NNV by bath immersion at 2, 4, 6, and 8 days postfertilization (dpf). Here, we demonstrate that developing zebrafish embryos are resistant to NNV at 2 dpf due to the protection afforded by the egg chorion and, to a lesser extent, by the perivitelline fluid. The zebrafish larvae

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Huang, Po-Yu, Han-Chia Hsiao, Szu-Wen Wang, Shao-Fu Lo, Ming-Wei Lu, and Li-Li Chen. "Screening for the Proteins That Can Interact with Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus Capsid Protein." Viruses 12, no. 9 (2020): 985. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12090985.

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can infect many species of fish and has an 80–100% mortality rate. NNV capsid protein (NNVCP) is the only structural protein of NNV, but there are few studies on the protein–protein interaction between NNVCP and the host cell. To investigate NNV morphogenesis, native NNV capsid protein (NNVCP) was used to screen for protein–protein interactions in this study. The results identified that 49 grouper optic nerve proteins can interact with NNVCP and may function as putative receptor or co-receptor, cytoskeleton, glucose metabolism and ATP generation, immunity, mitochon

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Xiao Joe, Joan Tang, Henry Tan Shi Sung, Jen-Leih Wu, Yu-Shen Lai, and Ming-Wei Lu. "Dietary Administration of Novel Multistrain Probiotics from Healthy Grouper Intestines Promotes the Intestinal Immune Response against NNV Infection." Life 11, no. 10 (2021): 1053. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11101053.

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Epinephelus lanceolatus (giant grouper) is a high-value cultured species in the Asia-Pacific region. However, nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is an infectious viral disease that affects over 120 species of marine cultured species and causes high mortality, ranging from 90–100% in the grouper industry. Probiotics isolated from the intestines of healthy individuals have provided insight into novel approaches involved in the defense against viral pathogens. In this study, we isolated three strains of bacteria as candidate probiotics from healthy grouper intestines and a 28-day feeding trial was perf

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Toubanaki, Dimitra K., Odysseas-Panagiotis Tzortzatos, Antonia Efstathiou, Vasileios Bakopoulos, and Evdokia Karagouni. "Influence of Viral Re-Infection on Head Kidney Transcriptome of Nervous Necrosis Virus-Resistant and -Susceptible European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.)." Viruses 17, no. 2 (2025): 230. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17020230.

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Fish viral infections have great environmental and economic implications in aquaculture. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a pathogen affecting more than 120 different species, causing high mortality and morbidity. Herein, we study how NNV re-infection affects the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) head kidney transcriptome in disease-resistant and -susceptible sea bass families. To determine how each family responds to re-infection, we performed the RNA-sequencing analysis of experimentally NNV-infected D. labrax. Fish were experimentally infected in a long-term study, and one month a

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8

Yang, Shieh Yueh, Jen Leih Wu, Chun Hsi Tso, et al. "A novel quantitative immunomagnetic reduction assay for Nervous necrosis virus." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 24, no. 5 (2012): 911–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638712455796.

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Rapid, sensitive, and automatic detection platforms are among the major approaches of controlling viral diseases in aquaculture. An efficient detection platform permits the monitoring of pathogen spread and helps to enhance the economic benefits of commercial aquaculture. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), the cause of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, is among the most devastating aquaculture viruses that infect marine fish species worldwide. In the present study, a highly sensitive magnetoreduction assay was developed for detecting target biomolecules with a primary focus on NNV antigens. A s

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Valero, Yulema, José G. Olveira, Carmen López-Vázquez, Carlos P. Dopazo, and Isabel Bandín. "BEI Inactivated Vaccine Induces Innate and Adaptive Responses and Elicits Partial Protection upon Reassortant Betanodavirus Infection in Senegalese Sole." Vaccines 9, no. 5 (2021): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9050458.

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), the causative agent of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), is one of the most threatening viruses affecting marine and freshwater fish species worldwide. Senegalese sole is a promising fish species in Mediterranean aquaculture but also highly susceptible to NNV and VER outbreaks, that puts its farming at risk. The development of vaccines for aquaculture is one of best tools to prevent viral spread and sudden outbreaks, and virus inactivation is the simplest and most cost-effective method available. In this work, we have designed two inactivated vaccines ba

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Santos, Isabel A., Cristina Martins, and Isabel Pereira. "NOMINAL GENDER AND NUMBER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TIMORESE VARIETY OF PORTUGUESE." Diacrítica 32, no. 2 (2019): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.21814/diacritica.439.

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This study contributes to the description of East-Timorese Portuguese (ETP), focusing on the variable patterns of nominal agreement in number and gender operating in this variety. The relevance of the research hinges on the fact that ETP is an understudied non-native variety (NNV) of Portuguese. Given its emergent state, the study of this particular variety can furthermore shed light on the historical process that led to the formation of other NNV. NNV are a product of the non-native acquisition of a language that, in a given territory, takes on official status, this is to say, is a second lan

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Yanuhar, Uun, and Nico Rahman Caesar. "The Involvement of Pigment-Protein Fraction from Microalga Nannochloropsis oculata in Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 with Nervous Necrosis Viral Infection on Grouper." Indonesian Journal of Natural Pigments 1, no. 1 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.33479/ijnp.2019.01.1.1.

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The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) on grouper infected by Nervous Necrosis Viral (NNV) with involvement of pigment-protein fraction (PPF) from Nannocloropsis oculata (N.oculata). Fish treatments were divided into three group, which are control, fish with PPF from N.oculata, and fish with PPF and NNV. After treatment for 23 d, fish were sacrificed, and their brain was harvested for protein analysis using SDS-Page. Fish blood was collected to examine the expression of HSP70 by hemagglutination and western blot analysis. The results showed that

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Leela Sudarsanan Amulya and Perumal Subramanian. "Influence of Indian snake (Naja naja) venom on cognition and biochemical functions in N- Nitrosodiethylamine treated Drosophila melanogaster." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 13, no. 1 (2022): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v13i1.33.

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The flies (Drosophila melanogaster) were segregated into four groups. 1st Group is normal-control, 2nd group is wild type flies administered with 0.01% NDEA, 3rd group is wild type flies administered with 0.01% NDEA + 0.01% Naja naja snake venom (NNV) and 4th group is flies administered with 0.01% NNV alone were administered via food medium for 21 days. After the experimental period, the behavioural changes were analyzed. The behavioural assays include negative geotaxis, phototaxis, smell chemotaxis, taste chemotaxis, thermotaxis, and hygrotaxis were carried out in all groups of flies. The beh

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13

Falco, Alberto, Melissa Bello-Perez, Rocío Díaz-Puertas, Matthew Mold, and Mikolaj Adamek. "Update on the Inactivation Procedures for the Vaccine Development Prospects of a New Highly Virulent RGNNV Isolate." Vaccines 9, no. 12 (2021): 1441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9121441.

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Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) caused by the nervous necrosis virus (NNV) affects a broad range of primarily marine fish species, with mass mortality rates often seen among larvae and juveniles. Its genetic diversification may hinder the effective implementation of preventive measures such as vaccines. The present study describes different inactivation procedures for developing an inactivated vaccine against a new NNV isolate confirmed to possess deadly effects upon the European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), an important Mediterranean farmed fish species that is highly susceptible to this dise

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Barki, Hadjer, Latifa Khaouane, and Salah Hanini. "Modelling of Adsorption of Methane, Nitrogen, Carbon Dioxide, Their Binary Mixtures, and Their Ternary Mixture on Activated Carbons Using Artificial Neural Network." Kemija u industriji 68, no. 7-8 (2019): 289–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.15255/kui.2019.002.

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This work examines the use of neural networks in modelling the adsorption process of gas mixtures (CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, CH&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, and N&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) on different activated carbons. Seven feed-forward neural network models, characterized by different structures, were constructed with the aim of predicting the adsorption of gas mixtures. A set of 417, 625, 143, 87, 64, 64, and 40 data points for NN1 to NN7, respectively, were used to test the neural networks. Of the total data, 60 %, 20 %, and 20 % were used, re

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15

Johnstone, Carolina, Montse Pérez, Marta Arizcun, Cristina García-Ruiz, and Elena Chaves-Pozo. "Reservoirs of Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) in Squid and Shrimp Species of Northern Alboran Sea." Viruses 14, no. 2 (2022): 328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14020328.

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The production of the aquaculture industry has increased to be equal to that of the world fisheries in recent years. However, aquaculture production faces threats such as infectious diseases. Betanodaviruses induce a neurological disease that affects fish species worldwide and is caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV). NNV has a nude capsid protecting a bipartite RNA genome that consists of molecules RNA1 and RNA2. Four NNV strains distributed worldwide are discriminated according to sequence homology of the capsid protein encoded by RNA2. Since its first description over 30 years ago, the vir

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Khotimah, Fitriyah Husnul, Alimuddin Alimuddin, Dinar Tri Soelistyowati, et al. "EVALUATION OF RESISTANCE AND GENE EXPRESSION OF BARRAMUNDI, Lates calcarifer POST-INFECTION OF NERVOUS NECROSIS VIRUS." Indonesian Aquaculture Journal 17, no. 2 (2022): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/iaj.17.2.2022.97-106.

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The most common problem in barramundi Lates calcarifer seedling production is the high mortality (> 90%) caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infection. This research aims to evaluate the resistance and gene expression of barramundi challenged by NNV. Two populations were used in this study, i.e., Australian, and Situbondo-originated barramundi populations. The immune-related gene expression levels in the liver, head of kidney, and spleen were observed at 48 and 96 hours after post-infection (hpi). Barramundi’s survival and blood parameters were evaluated post-NNV infection. The results s

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González-Fernández, Carmen, and Alberto Cuesta. "Nanoplastics Increase Fish Susceptibility to Nodavirus Infection and Reduce Antiviral Immune Responses." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 3 (2022): 1483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031483.

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Nanoplastics (NPs) might cause different negative effects on aquatic organisms at different biological levels, ranging from single cells to whole organisms, including cytotoxicity, reproduction, behavior or oxidative stress. However, the impact of NPs on disease resistance is almost unknown. The objective of this study was to assess whether exposure to 50 nm functionalized polystyrene NPs impacts fish susceptibility to viral diseases both in vitro and in vivo. In particular, we focused on the nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which affects many fish species, producing viral encephalopathy and reti

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18

Asirvatham, Ravi Deva, Du Hyeon Hwang, Ramachandran Loganathan Mohan Prakash, Changkeun Kang, and Euikyung Kim. "Pharmacoinformatic Investigation of Silymarin as a Potential Inhibitor against Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish Metalloproteinase Toxin-like Protein." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 10 (2023): 8972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24108972.

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Jellyfish stings pose a major threat to swimmers and fishermen worldwide. These creatures have explosive cells containing one large secretory organelle called a nematocyst in their tentacles, which contains venom used to immobilize prey. Nemopilema nomurai, a venomous jellyfish belonging to the phylum Cnidaria, produces venom (NnV) comprising various toxins known for their lethal effects on many organisms. Of these toxins, metalloproteinases (which belong to the toxic protease family) play a significant role in local symptoms such as dermatitis and anaphylaxis, as well as systemic reactions su

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Delgado Jurado, Ernesto Javier, Pablo David Guerrero Suarez, Jaime Jesús Martínez Anda, et al. "Efficacy of Operative Ultrasonography Plus Neuronavigation for Brain Glioma Surgery: 2 – Year Single Center Experience in a Developing Country." Ciencia Latina Revista Científica Multidisciplinar 8, no. 2 (2024): 3318–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v8i2.10760.

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Background: preoperative MRI data has been the gold standard for the diagnosis and therapy of malignant gliomas for decades, and operative ultrasonography for the management of patients with neurological pathologies that require surgical treatment has been also used for many years as it provides additional image guidance for surgical procedure to neuronavigation techniques. The main objective of this study is to find out if the use of operative ultrasonography in glioma surgery could give greater benefit in the total resection of brain gliomas and how improvement influences the degree of neopl

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Toubanaki, Dimitra K., Antonia Efstathiou, and Evdokia Karagouni. "Transcriptomic Analysis of Fish Hosts Responses to Nervous Necrosis Virus." Pathogens 11, no. 2 (2022): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens11020201.

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) has been responsible for mass mortalities in the aquaculture industry worldwide, with great economic and environmental impact. The present review aims to summarize the current knowledge of gene expression responses to nervous necrosis virus infection in different fish species based on transcriptomic analysis data. Four electronic databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS were searched, and more than 500 publications on the subject were identified. Following the application of the appropriate testing, a total of 24 articles proved eligible for this rev

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Sah Putra, Bakhtiar, Paul M. Hick, Evelyn Hall, et al. "Prevalence of Infectious Spleen and Kidney Necrosis Virus (ISKNV), Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) and Ectoparasites in Juvenile Epinephelus spp. Farmed in Aceh, Indonesia." Pathogens 9, no. 7 (2020): 578. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070578.

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A cross-sectional survey was used to estimate the prevalence of infections with the Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV, Megalocytivirus), nervous necrosis virus (NNV, Betanodavirus), and infestations with ectoparasites during the rainy season in juvenile grouper (Epinephelus spp.) farmed in Aceh, Indonesia. The survey was intended to detect aquatic pathogens present at 10% prevalence with 95% confidence, assuming 100% sensitivity and specificity using a sample size of 30 for each diagnostic test. Eight populations of grouper from seven farms were sampled. Additional targeted sa

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Du, Hehe, Zhenjie Cao, Zhiru Liu, et al. "Cromileptes altivelis microRNA Transcriptome Analysis upon Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Infection and the Effect of cal-miR-155 on Cells Apoptosis and Virus Replication." Viruses 14, no. 10 (2022): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14102184.

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) could regulate various biological processes. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is one of the primary germs of the Humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis), a commercial fish of great importance for Asian aquaculture. However, there is limited available information on the host-virus interactions of C. altivelis. miRNAs have been shown to play key roles in the host response to infection by a variety of pathogens. To better understand the regulatory mechanism of miRNAs, we constructed miRNA transcriptomes and identified immune-related miRNAs of C. altivelis spleen in response to NNV

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Choudhary, Indu, Du Hwang, Hyunkyoung Lee, et al. "Proteomic Analysis of Novel Components of Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish Venom: Deciphering the Mode of Action." Toxins 11, no. 3 (2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11030153.

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Nowadays, proliferation of jellyfish has become a severe matter in many coastal areas around the world. Jellyfish Nemopilema nomurai is one of the most perilous organisms and leads to significant deleterious outcomes such as harm to the fishery, damage the coastal equipment, and moreover, its envenomation can be hazardous to the victims. Till now, the components of Nemopilema nomurai venom (NnV) are unknown owing to scant transcriptomics and genomic data. In the current research, we have explored a proteomic approach to identify NnV components and their interrelation with pathological effects

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García-Álvarez, Miguel Ángel, Marta Arizcun, Elena Chaves-Pozo, and Alberto Cuesta. "Profile of Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream Larvae Reflects Mortality upon Betanodavirus Reassortant Infection and Replication." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 9 (2022): 5092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23095092.

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Historically, gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) has been considered a fish species resistant to nervous necrosis virus (NNV) disease. Nevertheless, mortality in seabream hatcheries, associated with typical clinical signs of the viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) disease has been confirmed to be caused by RGNNV/SJNNV reassortants. Because of this, seabream larvae at 37 and 86 days post-hatching (dph) were infected by immersion with RGNNV/SJNNV and SJNNV/RGNNV reassortants under laboratory conditions, and mortality, viral replication and immunity were evaluated. Our results show that gil

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Chen, Yuan-Yu, Chih-Lu Wu, Chia-Wei Hsu, et al. "Trace Determination of Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus in Contaminated Larvae and Pond Water Samples Using Label-Free Fiber Optic Nanoplasmonic Biosensor." Biosensors 12, no. 10 (2022): 907. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12100907.

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We developed a fast (<20 min), label-free fiber optic particle plasmon resonance (FOPPR) immunosensing method to detect nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which often infects high-value economic aquatic species, such as grouper. Using spiked NNV particles in a phosphate buffer as samples, the standard calibration curve obtained was linear (R2 = 0.99) and the limit of detection (LOD) achieved was 2.75 × 104 TCID50/mL, which is superior to that obtained using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). By using an enhancement method called fiber optic nanogold-linked immunosorbent assay (FONLISA),

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Bandín, Isabel, and Sandra Souto. "Betanodavirus and VER Disease: A 30-year Research Review." Pathogens 9, no. 2 (2020): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9020106.

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The outbreaks of viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER), caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV), represent one of the main infectious threats for marine aquaculture worldwide. Since the first description of the disease at the end of the 1980s, a considerable amount of research has gone into understanding the mechanisms involved in fish infection, developing reliable diagnostic methods, and control measures, and several comprehensive reviews have been published to date. This review focuses on host–virus interaction and epidemiological aspects, comprising viral distribution and transmission

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Ramdhani, Muhammad Alfi Gilang, Santi Dwi Pratiwi, and Aton Patonah. "UMUR BATUAN SEDIMEN ANGGOTA CIKARANG FORMASI JAMPANG DI SUNGAI CIGANGSA, KECAMATAN SURADE, KABUPATEN SUKABUMI BERDASARKAN NANNOFOSIL GAMPINGAN." Bulletin of Scientific Contribution 22, no. 1 (2024): 65–70. https://doi.org/10.24198/bsc.v22i1.54443.

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Penelitian dilakukan pada batuan sedimen yang tersingkap di Sungai Cigangsa, Kecamatan Surade. Singkapan ini merupakan bagian dari Anggota Cikarang Formasi Jampang dengan susunan singkapan batuan di lapangan berupa batupasir dalam berbagai ukuran butir dan ketebalan dan batulempung. Secara stratigrafi, di bagian atas dan bawah disusun oleh batupasir karbonatan dengan ketebalan bervariasi antara 10 sampai 45 cm. Di bagian tengah disusun oleh batulempung dengan ketebalan 3 sampai 32 cm. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi umur relatif batuan sedimen Anggota Cikarang Formasi Jampang di Su

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Okapuu, Julie M., Estelle Chétrit, Brigitte Lefebvre, and Caroline Quach. "How Many Individuals with Asthma Need to Be Vaccinated to Prevent One Case of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease?" Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 25, no. 3 (2014): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/510373.

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BACKGROUND: The American Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended the inclusion of adults with asthma in the high-risk category for pneumococcal vaccination based on a twofold increase in risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD).OBJECTIVE: To determine whether, among individuals with asthma, the number needed to vaccinate (NNV) using pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)-13 or 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23) warrants its addition to the high-risk category for pneumococcal vaccination in Canada.METHODS: Using IPD incidence (per 10,000 individuals) figure

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Sichel, Ivy, and Uri Mor. "The Double Standard in Modern Hebrew." AJS Review: The Journal of the Association for Jewish Studies 48, no. 2 (2024): 333–59. https://doi.org/10.1353/ajs.2024.a946700.

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Abstract: In this paper we analyze the social meanings associated with the new native vernacular (NNV) variety of Modern Hebrew as a complex positive stance, constructed via differentiation from its alternatives. NNV is reflexive, and it speaks for itself: for the authority of experience, as opposed to the traditional authority of the text. A speaker of NNV is necessarily an active agent in the propagation of the new collective and its values. We also explore the consolidation and dissemination of these values by cultural agents, focusing on a 1950s column by Dahn Ben Amotz, which presents sna

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Kolakofsky, Daniel, Laurent Roux, Dominique Garcin, and Rob W. H. Ruigrok. "Paramyxovirus mRNA editing, the ‘rule of six’ and error catastrophe: a hypothesis." Journal of General Virology 86, no. 7 (2005): 1869–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.80986-0.

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The order Mononegavirales includes three virus families that replicate in the cytoplasm: the Paramyxoviridae, composed of two subfamilies, the Paramyxovirinae and Pneumovirinae, the Rhabdoviridae and the Filoviridae. These viruses, also called non-segmented negative-strand RNA viruses (NNV), contain five to ten tandemly linked genes, which are separated by conserved junctional sequences that act as mRNA start and poly(A)/stop sites. For the NNV, downstream mRNA synthesis depends on termination of the upstream mRNA, and all NNV RNA-dependent RNA polymerases reiteratively copy (‘stutter’ on) a s

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Gye, Hyun Jung, Myung-Joo Oh, and Toyohiko Nishizawa. "Lack of nervous necrosis virus (NNV) neutralizing antibodies in convalescent sevenband grouper Hyporthodus septemfasciatus after NNV infection." Vaccine 36, no. 14 (2018): 1863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.063.

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Hynes, D., B. Edwards, D. Mann, S. Landry, S. Joosten, and G. Hamilton. "O008 The effect of flow limited breathing and endotypes on night to night variability of sleep apnoea severity." SLEEP Advances 3, Supplement_1 (2022): A4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleepadvances/zpac029.007.

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Abstract Background Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a condition involving repetitive collapse of the upper airway during sleep. The diagnosis and characterisation of OSA is based primarily off the apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI) in a single-night sleep study. Recent data have demonstrated night to night variability (NNV) in OSA severity. Knowledge of which patients have more variable OSA would improve long-term risk stratification and management. However, patient and polysomnographic characteristics associated with high NNV have not been completely explored. This study aims to determine whether

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Fernandes, Linford, Matthew Tanti, Marc Randall, and Jeremy Cosgrove. "111 An audit of headache referrals from primary care, and subsequent management in the outpatient clinic." Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 90, no. 12 (2019): e33.1-e33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2019-abn-2.110.

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BackgroundHeadache is the most common reason for referral to a neurology outpatient clinic but many headaches can be managed in primary care.MethodsWe audited 100 consecutive headache referrals against Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust (LTHT) referral criteria and the Neuro Network Vanguard (NNV) headache pathway.ResultsThe mean age was 41 years (range 16 -90), 67% were female and 31% had previously seen a neurologist for headaches. Referrals were appropriate in 44% and 49% according to LTHT and NNV guidelines, respectively. Migraine was the suspected diagnosis in 50% of referrals - half of t

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Mohan Prakash, Ramachandran Loganathan, Deva Asirvatham Ravi, Du Hyeon Hwang, Changkeun Kang, and Euikyung Kim. "Identification of New Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides Isolated from the Hydrolysate of the Venom of Nemopilema nomurai Jellyfish." Toxins 16, no. 9 (2024): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins16090410.

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Recently, jellyfish venom has gained attention as a promising reservoir of pharmacologically active compounds, with potential applications in new drug development. In this investigation, novel peptides, isolated from the hydrolysates of Nemopilema nomurai jellyfish venom (NnV), demonstrate potent inhibitory activities against angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Proteolytic enzymes—specifically, papain and protamex—were utilized for the hydrolysis under optimized enzymatic conditions, determined by assessing the degree of hydrolysis through the ninhydrin test. Comparative analyses revealed tha

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Hwang, Du Hyeon, Phil-Ok Koh, Ramachandran Loganathan Mohan Prakash, Jinho Chae, Changkeun Kang, and Euikyung Kim. "Comparative Study of Toxic Effects and Pathophysiology of Envenomations Induced by Carybdea brevipedalia (Cnidaria: Cubozoa) and Nemopilema nomurai (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) Jellyfish Venoms." Toxins 14, no. 12 (2022): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins14120831.

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Jellyfish stings can result in local tissue damage and systemic pathophysiological sequelae. Despite constant occurrences of jellyfish stings in oceans throughout the world, the toxinological assessment of these jellyfish envenomations has not been adequately reported in quantitative as well as in qualitative measurements. Herein, we have examined and compared the in vivo toxic effects and pathophysiologic alterations using experimental animal models for two representative stinging jellyfish classes, i.e., Cubozoa and Scyphozoa. For this study, mice were administered with venom extracts of eit

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Gemez-Mata, Juan, Patricia Moreno, Daniel Alvarez-Torres, Esther Garcia-Rosado, Julia Bejar, and M. Carmen Alonso. "Comparative Analysis of Immune Gene Transcription in Sea Bream (Sparus aurata) Challenged with RGNNV or RGNNV/SJNNV Betanodaviruses." Pathogens 13, no. 6 (2024): 478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens13060478.

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Gilthead sea bream and European sea bass display different resistance–susceptibility patterns during infection with different nervous necrosis virus (NNV) species, which may derive from differences in the triggered immune response. Based on this premise, we analysed the transcription of several selected immune-related genes in sea bream experimentally infected with NNV isolates obtained from sea bass (DlNNV, RGNNV) or sea bream (SaNNV, RGNNV/SJNNV). Viral replication only occurred in SaNNV-inoculated fish; therefore, the differences between the immune response elicited by both viruses may be t

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Valero, Yulema, Carmen López-Vázquez, Sandra Souto, José G. Olveira, Alberto Cuesta, and Isabel Bandín. "Differential Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Replication in Five Putative Susceptible Cell Lines." Pathogens 10, no. 12 (2021): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10121565.

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Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is one of the most threatening viral diseases affecting marine fish worldwide. In vitro propagation of NNV strains is essential for the design of effective control measures. In the present study we analysed both the susceptibility and the permissiveness of five fish cell lines (E-11, GF-1, SAF-1, DLB-1, and SaB-1) to three NNV strains (one RGNNV, one SJNNV, and one reassortant RGNNV/SJNNV). E-11 and DLB-1 were demonstrated to be highly susceptible to NNV strains, with average adsorption efficiency (AE) values higher t

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Zhang, Yuqi, Fujing Dong, Jing Xing, et al. "Characterization of Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Nonstructural Protein B2 and Its Enhancement on Virus Proliferation." Viruses 14, no. 12 (2022): 2818. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14122818.

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The nerve necrosis virus (NNV), a pathogen of viral nervous necrosis disease in several important mariculture economic fish species, causes economic loss. Its nonstructural protein B2 encoded by the sub-genomic RNA3 affects the amplification of the virus. In this study, the B2 protein was recombinantly expressed, the polyclonal antibodies were produced and the dynamics of the B2 protein and genomes were measured in vivo and in vitro after NNV infection. Then, the effects of the overexpressed B2 protein on virus proliferation were investigated. The results showed that the polyclonal antibodies

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Lin, Tianwen, Jing Xing, Xiaoqian Tang, Xiuzhen Sheng, Heng Chi, and Wenbin Zhan. "Development and Evaluation of a Bicistronic DNA Vaccine against Nervous Necrosis Virus in Pearl Gentian Grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus)." Vaccines 10, no. 6 (2022): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10060946.

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) can cause enormous economic losses in mariculture. Vaccines are promising ways to control the disease. In this study: the interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) gene of pearl gentian grouper was cloned and functionally analyzed; then a bicistronic DNA vaccine encoding both capsid protein (CP) and IRF3 was constructed; then the cellular, humoral, and local immune responses in the grouper after immunization were investigated; and then the protective effects after the NNV challenge were investigated. The results showed that the vaccine successfully expressed CP and IRF

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Islam, Sk Injamamul, Saloa Saloa, Sarower Mahfuj, Md Jakiul Islam, and Moslema Jahan Mou. "Computer-aided drug design of Azadirachta indica compounds against nervous necrosis virus by targeting grouper heat shock cognate protein 70 (GHSC70): quantum mechanics calculations and molecular dynamic simulation approaches." Genomics & Informatics 20, no. 3 (2022): e33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5808/gi.21063.

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Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a deadly infectious disease that affects several fish species. It has been found that the NNV utilizes grouper heat shock cognate protein 70 (GHSC70) to enter the host cell. Thus, blocking the virus entry by targeting the responsible protein can protect the fishes from disease. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the inhibitory potentiality of 70 compounds of Azadirachta indica (Neem plant) which has been reported to show potential antiviral activity against various pathogens, but activity against the NNV has not yet been reported. The binding affini

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Duque Palma, Edwars Lederman. "La evaluación en la virtualidad del curso Interpretación consecutiva bilateral según estudiantes." Revista Docencia Universitaria 4, no. 1 (2023): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.46954/revistadusac.v4i1.60.

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PROBLEMA: la Educación Remota de Emergencia (ERE) ocasionada por la pandemia representó una improvisación sin precedente, lo cual provoco incertidumbre en los estudiantes ante la funcionalidad de la evaluación del aprendizaje del curso de Interpretación consecutiva bilateral (ICB). OBJETIVO: describir la percepción de los estudiantes ante la funcionalidad de la evaluación del aprendizaje del curso ICB en la Nueva Normalidad Virtual (NNV) en la carrera Licenciatura en Ciencias Lingüísticas de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. MÉTODO: investigación inductiva, la muestra quedó constituid

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Toubanaki, Dimitra K., Antonia Efstathiou, Odysseas-Panagiotis Tzortzatos, et al. "Nervous Necrosis Virus Modulation of European Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) Immune Genes and Transcriptome towards Establishment of Virus Carrier State." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 23 (2023): 16613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242316613.

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Viral infections of teleost fish have great environmental and economic implications in aquaculture. Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a pathogen affecting more than 120 different species, causing high mortality and morbidity. Herein, we studied the course of NNV experimental infection of D. labrax, focusing on survivors which indicated viral carrier state. To determine the carrier state of D. labrax head kidney, we performed a gene expression analysis of selected immune-related genes and we profiled its transcriptome 14 days post infection (dpi). All tested genes showed clear differentiations in

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Gerlier, Laetitia, Judith Hackett, Richard Lawson, Sofia Dos Santos Mendes, and Martin Eichner. "Translation of the UK Pediatric Influenza Vaccination Programme in Primary Schools to 13 European Countries Using a Dynamic Transmission Model." Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research 5, no. 1 (2017): 109–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.36469/9802.

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Objectives: To simulate the impact of a pediatric influenza vaccination programme using quadrivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (QLAIV) in Europe by applying coverage rates achieved in the United Kingdom during the 2014–2015 season and to compare the model outcomes to the UK results. Methods: We used a deterministic, age-structured, dynamic transmission model adapted to the demography, contact patterns and influenza incidence of 13 European countries, with a 10-year horizon. The reference strategy was the unchanged country-specific coverage rate, using quadrivalent inactivated vaccine (

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Olveira, José G., Sandra Souto, Isabel Bandín, and Carlos P. Dopazo. "Development and Validation of a SYBR Green Real Time PCR Protocol for Detection and Quantification of Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) Using Different Standards." Animals 11, no. 4 (2021): 1100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041100.

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The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) is a threat to fish aquaculture worldwide, especially in Mediterranean countries. Fast and accurate diagnosis is essential to control it, and viral quantification is required to predict the level of risk of new viral detections in field samples. For both, reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is used by diagnostic laboratories. In the present study, we developed an RT-qPCR procedure for the diagnosis and simultaneous quantification of NNV isolates from any of the four genotypes. The method proved to be highly sensitive

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Lampert, Yael, Ran Berzak, Nadav Davidovich, et al. "Indigenous versus Lessepsian Hosts: Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) in Eastern Mediterranean Sea Fish." Viruses 12, no. 4 (2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12040430.

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Viruses are among the most abundant and diverse biological components in the marine environment. In finfish, viruses are key drivers of host diversity and population dynamics, and therefore, their effect on the marine environment is far-reaching. Viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) is a disease caused by the marine nervous necrosis virus (NNV), which is recognized as one of the main infectious threats for marine aquaculture worldwide. For over 140 years, the Suez Canal has acted as a conduit for the invasion of Red Sea marine species into the Mediterranean Sea. In 2016–2017, we evaluate

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Lempert, Henrietta. "The effect of animacy on children's noun order in verb-final sequences." Journal of Child Language 15, no. 3 (1988): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900012563.

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ABSTRACTThis study examined whether pragmatic ordering factors account for the apparent preference for ANIMATE-INANIMATE (AI) order in passive and active sentences. If so, learning noun order relations in NNV sequences with an INANIMATE PATIENT + ANIMATE AGENT (It's the drum the boy plays) should be more difficult than with an ANIMATE PATIENT + ANIMATE AGENT (It's the girl the boy chases). Seventy children aged 3;0 to 5;3 were trained with either AAV or IAV exemplars, and then tested for their noun order in NNV utterances when describing animate agent + animate patient and animate agent + inan

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Sousa, Caio Victor, Austin Fernandez, Jungyun Hwang, and Amy Shirong Lu. "The Effect of Narrative on Physical Activity via Immersion During Active Video Game Play in Children: Mediation Analysis." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 3 (2020): e17994. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17994.

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Background Active video games (AVGs) can increase physical activity (PA) and help produce higher physiological expenditure. Animated narrative videos (NVs) possess unique immersive and motivational properties. When added to AVGs, they have been found to increase moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as opposed to the original no video condition. However, there is no evidence of whether that was due to the NV or the addition of an animated video to an AVG. Objective This study aimed to investigate the differential effect of adding an NV versus a nonnarrative video (NNV) to an AVG on PA

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Wang, Qing, Cheng Peng, Min Yang, et al. "Single-cell RNA-seq landscape midbrain cell responses to red spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus infection." PLOS Pathogens 17, no. 6 (2021): e1009665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009665.

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Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) is an acute and serious fish disease caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV) which has been reported massive mortality in more than fifty teleost species worldwide. VNN causes damage of necrosis and vacuolation to central nervous system (CNS) cells in fish. It is difficult to identify the specific type of cell targeted by NNV, and to decipher the host immune response because of the functional diversity and highly complex anatomical and cellular composition of the CNS. In this study, we found that the red spotted grouper NNV (RGNNV) mainly attacked the midbrain of or

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Lei, Yingying, Yu Xiong, Dagang Tao, et al. "Construction of Attenuated Strains for Red-Spotted Grouper Nervous Necrosis Virus (RGNNV) via Reverse Genetic System." Viruses 14, no. 8 (2022): 1737. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v14081737.

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The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) mainly attacks the central nervous system of fish to cause viral nervous necrosis, which is an acute and serious prevalent disease in fish. Among different genotypes of NNV, red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) is the most widely reported, with the highest number of susceptible species. To better understand the pathogenicity of RGNNV, we first developed a reverse genetic system for recombinant RGNNV rescue using B7GG and striped snakehead (SSN-1) cells. Furthermore, we constructed attenuated RGNNV strains rRGNNV-B2-M1 and rRGNNV-B2-M2 with the los

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Sasaki, Yoshinori. "Material and presentation condition effects on sentence interpretation task performance: methodological examinations of the competition experiment." Second Language Research 13, no. 1 (1997): 66–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/026765897666381479.

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Ten native English learners of Japanese, ten intermediate native English learners of Japanese and ten native Japanese speakers of English each were requested to report what they thought was the subject or actor of a series of English NVN word strings, in which case marking and lexical-semantics cues were systematically manipulated. These NVN strings were aurally presented first alone, and subsequently the same strings were presented for the second time together with noncanonical NNV and VNN strings. Similarly, their counterpart Japanese NNV strings were first presented alone, and secondly with

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