Academic literature on the topic 'Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size'

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Journal articles on the topic "Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size"

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Zhang, Chen Chen, Guang Yang, Li Jia Zhou, and Jing Hang Wu. "Fine Aggregate Interference on Thermal Stability of Asphalt Mixture." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 823–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.823.

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Fine aggregates are sensitive parts to skeleton structure of mixture and decrease rutting resistance of asphalt mixtures. In order to evaluate the high temperature performance of mixtures with different fine aggregate (2.36mm and 1.18mm) content, 16 gradations were investigated. Flow number test and rutting test was conducted to evaluate anti-rutting performance of mixtures. Then, interference coefficient was put forward to analyze interference rule of high temperature performance. The results show that high temperature performance was improved with the increasing size of nominal maximum aggregate size; the interference effects of fine aggregate ( 2.36mm and 1.18 mm ) is inversely proportional to nominal maximum aggregate size.
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Garcia-Gil, Lívia, Rodrigo Miró, and Félix Pérez-Jiménez. "Evaluating the Role of Aggregate Gradation on Cracking Performance of Asphalt Concrete for Thin Overlays." Applied Sciences 9, no. 4 (February 13, 2019): 628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9040628.

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Thin asphalt concrete overlays are a maintenance technique that mainly restore the functional properties of pavements. One of the main issues in thin overlays is reflective cracking that can cause early deterioration and reduce their service life. For this reason, the purpose of this investigation is to evaluate the effect of material selection on cracking performance of asphalt concrete mixtures for thin overlays. In particular, this paper evaluates the role of aggregate skeleton gradation. The study of the effect of aggregate gradation was divided into two stages: (1) fine fraction content and (2) maximum nominal aggregate size. Based on this, up to seven asphalt mixture gradations were designed and evaluated through the Fénix test at different test temperatures. The results showed a significant correlation between the fine fraction content, and maximum nominal aggregate size, and the cracking performance of the asphalt concrete mixtures. Mixtures manufactured with a low content of fine aggregates, as well as small nominal maximum size, experienced a further improvement of their toughness. These results reflected the importance of considering not only the effect of asphalt binder and environmental conditions but also aggregate gradation in the design of asphalt concrete mixtures in order to achieve a desirable cracking performance.
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Huang, Wenke, Xu Cai, Xiang Li, Wentian Cui, and Kuanghuai Wu. "Influence of Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size and Aggregate Gradation on Pore Characteristics of Porous Asphalt Concrete." Materials 13, no. 6 (March 17, 2020): 1355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061355.

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Porous asphalt concrete (PAC) has been used to improve the traffic conditions in rainy weather due to its high porosity. Aggregate size and gradation have great impact on the connected pore structure, which ultimately affects the permeability of porous asphalt concrete. In this paper, the topological properties of connective pores including pore area, pore circularity, equivalent pore diameter, and void network of porous asphalt concrete with different nominal maximum aggregate sizes and gradations were analyzed using x-ray computer tomography scans and the image processing technique. It was observed that the maximum aggregate sizes will not have significant effect on the percentage of connected pores to total pores for porous asphalt concrete. Furthermore, the percentage of connected pores to total pores is related to the air void content, but for PAC-13 with 20% target air void content or above, the connectivity does not seem to have a sharp increase. Additionally, porous asphalt concrete with a smaller nominal particle size or lower target air void content seems to generate a more concentrated distribution of Eqdiameter. Moreover, pore circularities for porous asphalt concrete with a maximum aggregate size of 10 mm or above are independent of maximum aggregate sizes. Air void contents ranging from 16% to 21% do not have a significant effect on the voids’ circularity. Furthermore, the branching nodes in porous asphalt concrete with a smaller nominal maximum aggregate size or lower target air void content have a more uniform spatial distribution. However, the percentage of cross-linked number to total node raises as the nominal maximum aggregate size or target air void content increases.
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Prowell, Brian D., L. Allen Cooley, and Richard J. Schreck. "Virginia’s Experience with 9.5-mm Nominal-Maximum-Aggregate-Size Stone Matrix Asphalt." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1813, no. 1 (January 2002): 133–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1813-16.

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Nekkanti, Haripriya, Bradley J. Putman, and Behrooz Danish. "Influence of Aggregate Gradation and Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size on the Performance Properties of OGFC Mixtures." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, no. 1 (January 2019): 240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198118821628.

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The effect of aggregate gradation and nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) on the performance properties of open-graded friction courses (OGFC) mixtures was investigated in this research. Several tests which included porosity, surface texture, indirect tensile strength (ITS), shear strength, and Cantabro abrasion loss were used to compare eight different aggregate gradations having two NMAS (9.5 mm and 12.5 mm) all from one aggregate source. For each NMAS, the gradations varied by adjusting the percent passing the No. 4 (4.75 mm) sieve. The results indicated that aggregate gradation does influence the behavior of OGFC mixtures. An increase in percent passing the No. 4 sieve showed significant decreases in porosity, which were more pronounced for the 12.5 mm NMAS compared with the 9.5 mm NMAS. Conversely, the increase in the percent passing the No. 4 sieve generally resulted in increases in the mixture performance properties as measured by the ITS, Cantabro loss, and shear strength. The results of this study provide laboratory-based evidence that adjusting the OGFC gradation by increasing the allowable percent passing the No. 4 sieve toward the higher end of the current specification range (e.g., near 30% for 12.5 mm NMAS) could potentially have positive effects on mixture durability while also maintaining adequate permeability for water drainage.
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Ma, Li Jie, and Jin Yu Zhang. "Uniform Experimental Design of Coarse Aggregate Asphalt Pavement." Advanced Materials Research 753-755 (August 2013): 678–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.753-755.678.

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Coarse aggregate of asphalt mixture is crucial to the road performance. In this paper, by using the method of uniform design research, particle size of the aggregate were studied influence to CBR value with nominal maximum particle size 13.2mm aggregate. Further to determine the critical particle size grade by gray relational degree theory.
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Liu, Hongying, Peiwen Hao, and Jinzhi Xu. "Effects of Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size on the Performance of Stone Matrix Asphalt." Applied Sciences 7, no. 2 (January 26, 2017): 126. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app7020126.

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Li, Xinjun, Nelson Gibson, Xicheng Qi, Trenton Clark, and Kevin McGhee. "Laboratory and Full-Scale Evaluation of 4.75-mm Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size Superpave Overlay." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2293, no. 1 (January 2012): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2293-04.

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A 4.75-mm nominal maximum aggregate size Superpave® mix developed by the Virginia Department of Transportation was placed as a thin treatment over existing, aged sections in an accelerated pavement test facility. Half the loaded wheelpath was paved with and half without the treatment to explore rutting susceptibility and quantify the ability to defer cracking. Loose mix was collected during construction to verify the mix design and for laboratory dynamic modulus, flow number, Hamburg wheel tracking, and axial fatigue testing. The mix was produced according to the volumetric specifications, but the in-place density was higher than the target. Although laboratory tests indicated poor resistance to rutting, full-scale performance illustrated that the total rutting in the treated sections was equal to or less than the total rutting in the sections without the overlay. Top-down cracking was significantly delayed as a result of the presence of the thin overlay, but once the pavement sections were aged and brittle, the treatment could not delay cracking.
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Howell, Ryan, Stephen Muench, James Feracor, Milad Ashtiani, and Jim Weston. "Field Performance of 9.5-mm Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size Asphalt Pavement in Washington State." Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements 146, no. 2 (June 2020): 04020024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/jpeodx.0000179.

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Khasawneh, Mohammad Ali, and Mohammad Ahmad Alsheyab. "Effect of nominal maximum aggregate size and aggregate gradation on the surface frictional properties of hot mix asphalt mixtures." Construction and Building Materials 244 (May 2020): 118355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118355.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size"

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Freire, Reuber Arrais. "Evaluation of the coarse aggregate influence in the fatigue damage using fine aggregate matrices with different maximum nominal sizes." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/13875.

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FREIRE, R. A. Evaluation of the coarse aggregate influence in the fatigue damage using fine aggregate matrices with different maximum nominal sizes. 2015. 86 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia de Transportes) – Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2015.
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Fatigue cracking is one of the most common distresses in flexible pavements in Brazil and in the world. Fatigue damage in asphalt mixtures originates as a small scale phenomenon. Recently, some authors have used the fine portion of the asphalt mixtures, called Fine Aggregates Matrix (FAM), as an intermediate step to estimate the hot mix asphalt (HMA) behavior. By definition, the FAM is composed of fine aggregates, mineral filler and asphalt binder. There are many volumetric issues of these kind of mixtures. In Brazil, the developed research regarding FAM uses sieve #10 (2.00mm) in the FAM sample preparation, since the #16 sieve (most used in the literature) does not belong to the set of national standardized sieves. Recently, some authors have used the concept of continuum damage mechanics in viscoelastic media in order to quantify the damage during the fatigue testing. In this theory the cracks are considered homogeneous dispersed in the medium, and are represented from internal state variables, determined experimentally. The objective of this study is to evaluate the influence of the variation of one of the FAM constituents, the aggregates, by varying its Maximum Nominal Size (MNS), on damage resistance of these asphalt mixtures. To achieve the objective, Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) and time sweep (TS) tests at controlled stress and controlled strain modes of loading were performed on the mixtures and the results were analyzed using the simplified viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) methodology creating C vs S curves. Through the results and a failure criterion based on energy, cyclic tests can be simulated at different loading conditions for Wöhler’s curves construction. The FAM dynamic moduli obtained are very similar to the frequency used to induce damage. However, for lower frequency, the intermediate FAM presented lower stiffness value. It was concluded that FAM with different MNS present very distinct damage performance, and the decrease in the MNS results in an increase in the mixture damage performance for low strain amplitudes. Also, the LAS testing protocol does not allow failure prediction due to the absence of failure in this type of test for FAM.
O Trincamento por fadiga é um dos problemas mais comuns em pavimentos flexíveis no Brasil e no mundo. Danos por fadiga em misturas asfálticas se origina como um fenômeno de pequena escala. Recentemente, alguns autores têm utilizado a porção fina das misturas asfálticas, chamado Matriz de Agregados Finos (MAF), como um passo intermediário para estimar o comportamento do Concreto Asfáltico (CA). Por definição, a MAF é composta de agregados finos, fíler mineral e ligante asfáltico. Há muitas questões volumétricas neste tipo de mistura. No Brasil, a pesquisa desenvolvida sobre MAF usa peneira #10 (2,00mm) na preparação de amostras, uma vez que a peneira #16 (mais utilizado na literatura) não pertence ao conjunto de peneiras normatizadas nacionalmente. Recentemente, alguns autores têm utilizado o conceito de mecânica do dano contínuo em meios viscoelásticos, a fim de quantificar o dano durante o ensaio de fadiga. Nesta teoria as trincas são consideradas homogêneas dispersa no meio, e são representados como variáveis ​internas ​de estado determinadas experimentalmente. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a influência da variação de um dos constituintes da MAF, os agregados, variando seu tamanho máxima nominal (TMN), na resistência ao dano destas misturas asfálticas. Para alcançar o objetivo, ensaios de Linear Amplitude Sweep (LAS) e Time Sweep (TS) à tensão controlada e à deformação controlada foram realizadas nas misturas e os resultados foram analisados ​​usando o método simplified viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) para a criação de curvas C vs S. Através dos resultados e um critério de falha com base em energia, os testes cíclicos podem ser simulados em diferentes condições de carregamento para a construção da curva de Wöhler. Os módulos dinâmicos obtidos das MAFs são muito semelhantes aos da frequência utilizada para induzir danos. No entanto, para menor freqüência, a MAF intermediária apresentou menor valor de rigidez. Concluiu-se que as MAFs com diferentes TMNs apresentaram desempenhos de dano muito distintos, e à diminuição do TMN da mistura resulta em um aumento da resistência ao dano para baixas amplitudes de deformação. Além disso, o protocolo de teste LAS não permite a previsão de falha, devido à ausência de falha neste tipo de ensaio para MAF.
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Filho, Clonilo Moreira Sindeaux de Oliveira. "Estudo do Efeito de Diferentes Granulometrias no Comportamento MecÃnico de Misturas AsfÃlticas Densas DescontÃnuas Tipo Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA)." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2007. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1146.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
No meio rodoviÃrio brasileiro, que detÃm 96,2% da matriz de transporte de passageiros e 61,8% da matriz de cargas, à flagrante a deterioraÃÃo dos revestimentos asfÃlticos provocada pelo crescente aumento do volume e do peso das cargas transportadas. Tal configuraÃÃo contribui sobremaneira para o surgimento de defeitos, destacando-se as deformaÃÃes permanentes e o trincamento por fadiga. Por outro lado, o estado do Cearà revela uma carÃncia por rodovias pavimentadas, onde apenas 16,0% da malha possuem algum tipo de revestimento asfÃltico. A mistura asfÃltica Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) surgiu hà alguns anos como soluÃÃo para combater defeitos em rodovias com elevadas solicitaÃÃes de carga. Alguns estudos, contudo, mostram que SMAs com granulometrias de tamanho mÃximo nominal (TMN) menores que os tradicionalmente utilizados oferecem desempenhos semelhantes aos SMAs com TMN usuais. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi dosar misturas SMA com granulometrias distintas para estudar algumas caracterÃsticas desse tipo de mistura, investigando a influÃncia (i) do TMN, (ii) do percentual de agregado passante na peneira N 4 (4,75mm) para SMAs com TMN de 12,5mm e (iii) do tipo de compactaÃÃo (Marshall à Superpave) no comportamento mecÃnico das mesmas por meio dos ensaios de (i) mÃdulo de resiliÃncia (MR), (ii) resistÃncia à traÃÃo (RT), (iii) fadiga à tensÃo controlada, (iv) resistÃncia à traÃÃo retida (RTR) por umidade induzida e (v) desgaste CÃntabro. Os resultados reforÃam a noÃÃo de que SMAs com pequeno TMN apresentam desempenhos comparÃveis a SMAs tradicionais, sendo o SMA com TMN de 4,75 um atrativo como potencial soluÃÃo para a pavimentaÃÃo cearense, considerando as caracterÃsticas de trÃfego da malha do estado.
In Brazilian roadways, which concentrate 96.2% of the passengers and 61.8% of the cargo, it is clear the deterioration of asphalt pavements caused by an increasing volume and weight of the vehicle loadings. This configuration strongly contributes to pavement distresses, specially rutting and fatigue cracking. On another hand, the state of Cearà shows a lack of paved roadways, with only 16.0% of paved roads. The Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) mixture appeared a few years ago as a solution for minimizing distresses on roadways with high traffic levels. Some researches, however, demonstrate that SMA mixtures with small Nominal Maximum Aggregate Sizes (NMAS) offer similar performances to SMA mixtures with usual NMAS. The objective of the present research was to design SMA mixtures with different gradations in order to study some characteristics of this type of mixture, investigating the effect (i) of the NMAS, (ii) of the percentage of aggregate passing in sieve N. 4 (4.75mm) for 12.5mm NMAS SMA mixtures and (iii) of the compaction type (Marshall à Superpave) on the mechanical behavior of the mixtures. The mixtures were evaluated by (i) resilient modulus, (ii) indirect tensile strength, (iii) fatigue life (stress controlled), (iv) resistance to moisture damage and (v) Cantabro abrasion. The results support the idea that SMA mixtures with small NMAS behave similar to those with usual NMAS. Furthermore, the 4.75mm NMAS SMA appears to be a potential solution for roadways in CearÃ, considering the traffic configuration of this state.
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Lim, Chen Leong. "Effects of maximum size coarse aggregate and superplasticizer on concrete strength." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50049.

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The effects of maximum size coarse aggregate on the relationship between accelerated strength and 14-day normally cured strength of normal and superplasticized concrete have been investigated. The results obtained show that differences among maximum size coarse aggregates are greater in normal concrete than in superplasticized concrete in strength-producing properties. Among the various sizes of aggregates investigated, one-half inch maximum size of coarse aggregate exhibited higher strength producing properties. This report includes the test results as well as the procedures for the preparation and testing of concrete specimens. These specimens were prepared and tested at the concrete laboratory at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University.
Master of Science
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Dong, Jucai. "Étude de l’effet de la taille d’agrégats sur la raideur des sols fins traités à la chaux et/ou au ciment : des conditions de laboratoire aux conditions in situ." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST1063/document.

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Le traitement des sols est une technique connue qui a largement été utilisée dans les constructions ferroviaires et routières. Il améliore la maniabilité des sols en réduisant la teneur en eau et en améliorant les performances hydromécaniques par renforcement et lien des agrégats du sol. Cependant, la durabilité des sols traités reste une question ouverte, elle constitue l'objectif principal du projet ANR TerDOUEST (Terrassements Durables – Ouvrages en Sols Traités, 2008-2012).La présente étude fait partie des travaux réalisés dans le cadre du projet TerDOUEST, et traite de l'effet de la taille des agrégats sur l'évolution de la raideur (Gmax) des sols fins provenant d'Héricourt (70) et traités à la chaux et/ou au ciment, à l'aide de la technique piézo-électrique (bender element). Dans les conditions de laboratoire, quatre tailles d'agrégats ont été étudiées (Dmax = 0.4, 1, 2 et 5 mm). Afin d'obtenir des tailles d'agrégats souhaitées, les sols ont d'abord été séchés, broyés puis tamisés à une taille désirée. Les sols ont ensuite été ramenés à la teneur en eau souhaitée, mélangés au liant hydraulique (chaux et/ou ciment) puis compactés du côté sec et du côté humide de l'optimum du Proctor normal, tout en conservant la même densité sèche. Les mesures de Gmax des sols traités ont été réalisées pendant la cure et pendant l'application de cycles humidification/séchage. Dans les conditions du terrain, qui correspondent au remblai expérimental d'Héricourt, les tailles des agrégats sont nettement plus élevées : Dmax = 20 et 31.5 mm pour le limon et l'argile, respectivement. Les résultats montrent que le comportement hydromécanique des sols traités est fortement influencé par la taille des agrégats, que les sols soient argileux ou limoneux, préparés en laboratoire ou bien dans les conditions du terrain : plus la taille des agrégats est élevée, plus la raideur diminue avec le temps de cure et moins les sols résistent à la succession de cycles humidification/séchage. Une forte hétérogénéité des sols in-situ a aussi été identifiée clairement. Un modèle hyperbolique a été développé afin de permettre l'application des résultats obtenus en laboratoire à ceux obtenus dans des conditions de terrain, étant donné l'effet de la taille des agrégats. La comparaison entre le modèle de prédictions et les mesures expérimentales démontre la performance du modèle proposé, à condition d'utiliser les valeurs moyennes des données expérimentales afin de minimiser l'effet de l'hétérogénéité du sol
Soil treatment is a well known earthwork technique which has been widely used in constructions of railway and highway substructures. It can improve the workability of soils by lowering their water contents and improve the hydro-mechanical performance by reinforcing and binding the soil grains/aggregates. However, the durability of the treated soils is still an open question. It constitutes the main objective of the ANR project TerDOUEST (Terrassements Durables - Ouvrages en Sols Traités, 2008 - 2012).The present study is part of the works in TerDOUEST project, and deals with the aggregate size effect on the stiffness (Gmax) development of lime and/or cement treated fine-grained soils from Héricourt using bender element technique. In the laboratory conditions, four aggregates sizes were accounted for (Dmax = 0.4, 1, 2 and 5 mm). To prepare an aggregate size, the soils were first air-dried, crushed and sieved through a target sieve. The soils were then brought to a desired water content, mixed with additive (lime and/or cement) and compacted both dry and wet of optimum of normal Proctor by keeping the same dry density. The Gmax measurements were performed during curing and during application of wetting/drying cycles. In field conditions that refer to the experimental embankment in Héricourt, the aggregates size is significantly larger: Dmax = 20 mm and 31.5 mm for the silt and the clay, respectively. Cores samples were taken from the embankment at two different times and the Gmax measurements on core specimens were performed. The results show that the hydromechanical behaviour of the cementitious treated soils is strongly influenced by the aggregates size for the treated silt and clay prepared in both laboratory and field conditions: the larger the aggregates, the lower the Gmax and the resistance to wetting/drying cycles. The high heterogeneity of the in-situ soils was also clearly identified. A hyperbolic model was developed enabling up-scaling the results in laboratory conditions to those in field conditions by considering the effect of aggregate size. Comparison between the model predictions and experimental measurements shows the performance of the model proposed, provided that the mean values of experimental data are used to minimize the effect of soil heterogeneity
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Wu, Quin-Ling, and 吳昆霖. "Mechanical Behavior of Porous Asphalt Concrete with Different Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93241639909594211617.

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碩士
國立中興大學
土木工程學系所
103
Taiwan is located in subtropical regions, perennial hot and rainy, promote the use of the current highway surface layer porous asphalt concrete paving material, this material has a rainy day skid, reduce the mist, with noise reduction to improve driving safety and good results in terms of comfort, Only because of its characteristics of high porosity, pellet structure is strong enough to resist Taiwan highway heavy traffic on the mechanics and related test results need to be explored further. Through academic researches, related mechanics theory applied to practice, continuous improvement and development of porous asphalt concrete for Taiwan with the design methods, the real direction in recent years, the efforts of all relevant units to. In this study, two different porous asphalt maximum nominal particle size gradation to make discussion. 3 / 4in.-PAC and 1 / 2in.-PAC agreed to promote the use of domestic gradually modified asphalt cement mixing III. Two particle size grading decisions are best oil content in accordance with existing norms, made in the laboratory test body and through vertical flow, permeability, flying, permanent deformation stable value, water sensitivity, dynamic modulus, repeated load under triaxial compression test, wheel track rutting test and a series of tests were analyzed and discussed in order to provide reference domestic Porous asphalt concrete design applications. According to the test results showed that, 1 / 2in.-PAC has a better anti-wear performance, 3 / 4in.-PAC is the drainage performance and stable value performed better. In the water-sensitive test, 3 / 4in.-PAC have preferred not soaked indirect tensile strength, but in the larger porosity of the case, which could easily lead to water intrusion speculation, thus reducing asphalt adhesive force, so try body easier to erosion by water, which led to the indirect tensile strength decreased faster in 1 / 2in.-PAC. From the results of dynamic modulus master curve that high-temperature environment of low frequency load, 1 / 2in.-PAC test specimen of a larger dynamic modulus value, indicating its high temperature resistance to rutting better. High load at low frequency, 1 / 2in.-PAC test body relative dynamic modulus values slightly larger, the display 1 / 2in.-PAC Specimen low resistance to fatigue cracking capacity slightly worse. In the permanent deformation under load in repeated tests, 1 / 2in.-PAC 4 percent strain in a simplified take longer, better rutting resistance, this is consistent with the dynamic modulus test results. Wheel track rutting tests, the dynamic stability values of 1 / 2in.-PAC Specimen higher, indicating better rutting resistance, this is consistent with the first two test results. Triaxial compression test, ψ value 1 / 2in.-PAC test body were high, can show they have a higher resistance to rutting. Consistent with the trend of the previous three test results.
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Ku, Chun-Chieh, and 辜俊傑. "Performance Evaluation of Porous Asphalt Concrete with Different Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92964302470223180999.

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Tzu-KangYang and 楊子康. "Effect of Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size on Engineering Properties of Porous Asphalt Concrete." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/32606574844612822514.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
101
Porous asphalt concrete (PAC) in the country is based on nominal maximum aggregate size(NMAS) of 19mm.The thickness of 19mm NMAS PAC is about 3~5cm.In this study, engineering properties of three types of 19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS PAC with type III modified asphalt were evaluated by means of conventional laboratory test.Assessment is divided into durability, functionality and safety.In addition, 12.5mm NMAS PAC with three types viscosity of III modified asphalt and AR80 straight-run asphalt was carried out to assess the effect of rutting resistance. The result showed, in durability respect, the Marshall stability of 19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS PAC is 591, 620 and 544kgf respectively;Indirect tensile strength is 0.70, 0.77 and 0.51MPa respectively;Resilient modulus is 2300, 2352 and 1293MPa respectively, 19mm NMAS and 12.5mm NMAS PAC have better Strength than 9.5mm NMAS PAC.In functionality respect, the permeability coefficient of 19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS PAC is 0.18, 0.13 and 0.16 cm/s respectively, the result showed PAC has good functional.In safety respect, the British pendulum tester(BPN) of 19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS PAC is 67, 73 and 68 respectively, the result showed PAC has good safety, and PAC with larger NMAS can provide better sliding properties on the pavement. In rutting resistance respect, the dynamic stability of 19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS PAC is 3150, 2864 and 2739(pass/mm), the result showed PAC with larger NMAS can provide better rutting resistance.
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Hsuan-KueiFu and 傅宣貴. "Effect of Thickness and Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size on Performance of Porous Asphalt Concrete." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7dff58.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩士在職專班
103
In recent years, various domestic road projects will substantially porous asphalt concrete for rapid Surface roads and highways, so how to choose the different sections of the nominal maximum particle Diameter, thickness and eliminating paving the way worth to depth. The study for the National Route 8 of six sections of land are now surfacing detection and evaluation and experimental analysis laboratory. For three different nominal maximum particle size 9.5mm, 12.5mm and 19mm, eliminating the traditional way and eliminating wrinkles eliminating a total of 6 different patterns and paving thickness planer shop for pavement performance testing. PAC pavement performance separately for functionality (Functionality): permeable amount, the amount of noise, durability (Durability): flatness, volume and Clegg rutting impact value, safety (Safety): pavement friction values, these three parts to discuss and explanation. The results show the effectiveness of a good amount of PAC initial permeability of the PAC and the larger nominal maximum particle size, the better the permeability function, PAC noise better than OGFC, while PAC for rutting resistance line shop of the good. PAC paving process flatness control as well, driving comfort increase after the construction, IRI Value decreases; PAC pavement structure showed a stable state overall, obviously sensitive to temperature; good PAC pavement skid resistance, providing traffic safety at the rain.
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Yu, Mon-chen, and 余孟謙. "Effect of Nominal Maximum Aggregate Sizes and Fibbers on SMA Performance." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55910109587709811778.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
96
Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) is composed by a coarse aggregate skeleton and a rich asphalt binder. SMA provides strength and the rich mortar binder provides durability. This paper investigates the influences of different factors such as Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size (19mm NMAS, 12.5mm NMAS, 9.5mm NMAS) and content of cellulose fiber (0.15%, 0.30%, 0.45%)on the SMA. And it all used polymer-modified paving asphalt Ⅲ. The study is directed at the performing tests in the laboratory form the SMA design results. According to the results, the effect of different NMAS for SMA is significant. It was found that 19mm NMAS had better performace than 12.5mm NMAS and 9.5mm NMAS, because the stone-on-stone contact provide interlocking mechanism make asphalt binder strength. The result shows that adding cellulose fiber can also enhance mechanical properties of SMA; it mainly uses to enhance the durability of SMA. According to the results of the study, adding cellulose fibers could have positive effects in most of the laboratory tests. The aspect of proper percentage is 0.2 for the best working efficiency.
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Ren-YiChen and 陳仁義. "Effect of Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size on Engineering Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Applied to Airfield Pavements." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27868966031039199598.

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碩士
國立成功大學
土木工程學系碩博士班
101
Domestic airport is mostly rigid pavement of the runway, if they meet the useful life and the Crack (cracking) And the fall (fault) , Fillers and aging damage condition may affect aircraft taking off and landing for security and passenger comfort, the existing road surface paving on flexible pavements is a direction worth considering, for a solid pavement, surface aircraft load resistance of materials you want to use. This study adopts modification III -type asphalt mix United States civil aviation authorities (FAA) airport of dense graded specifications (P401) and AAPTP Report recommended that the airport of stone mastic asphalt (SMA) grading specifications, nominal maximum size of three different (NMAS 9.5, and12.5 and 19mm) natural material SMA with the design, and uses the NMAS 19mm nominal maximum particle size and compare natural stone and converter dense asphalt concrete mix design . In the experiment, using sand texture measurement view and British Pendulum Number (BPN) micro-textured pavement skid resistance evaluation to measurement, use cantabro test evaluation at all levels enjoy stripping in nature with the simulation of airport runway foreign object damage (FOD), And different days Cure time soaking wheel track rutting test of ability of the test to assess their resistance against water and filter meet runway high load, high security and high service life of asphalt concrete pavements. This experiment five graded on engineering properties of no significant difference in the comparison, in comparison of slip resistance, NMAS 19mm SMA Relative excellent performance, airport runway paving need to provide the aircraft when landing the ability of friction, so that aircraft can quickly and safely slow down the runway, so anti-sliding property in this very important. By anti-water against nature of comparison in the can seen, rut depth although has excellent differences, but due to rut depth are is less than 2mm, actually five kind of level enjoy are has quite good of anti-rut capacity, stripping nature test is assessment airport runway other a items focus,FOD is airport runway security of important issues, from experimental comparison in the know, stripping nature as nominal maximum grain diameter of rose and improve, Nominal diameter 19mm grade has a higher risk of foreign object damage. Integrated above results, by this experimental of results recommendations using BOF replaced natural material rough grain material of airport intensive enjoy as airport runway paving of basement strengthened layer to bear aircraft of high load to improve of using life, and using NMAS 12.5 of SMA as runway of wear layer to provides aircraft enough of friction and against FOD of security.
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Book chapters on the topic "Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size"

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Kasu, S. R., S. Gunda, N. Mitra, and A. R. Muppireddy. "Effect of nominal maximum aggregate size on fatigue damage in concrete." In Advances in Materials and Pavement Performance Prediction II, 56–59. CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003027362-14.

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Issa, Mohsen A., Md S. Islam, Mahmoud A. Issa, and A. Chudnovsky. "Influence of Specimen and Maximum Aggregate Size on Concrete Brittle Fracture." In Structural Failure and Plasticity, 729–34. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-008043875-7/50246-x.

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Belgacem, M. E., A. Brara, and A. Ferdjani. "Estimation of compressive strength of current concrete materials: Effect of core diameter and maximum aggregate size." In Solutions for Sustainable Development, 12–19. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367824037-2.

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Grabiec, A. M., D. Zawal, and J. Szulc. "Binder and Carbon Dioxide Intensity Indexes as a Useful Tool to Estimate the Ecological Influence of Type and Maximum Aggregate Size on Some High-Strength Concrete Properties." In Handbook of Low Carbon Concrete, 111–37. Elsevier, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-804524-4.00006-3.

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"Life in the Slow Lane: Ecology and Conservation of Long-Lived Marine Animals." In Life in the Slow Lane: Ecology and Conservation of Long-Lived Marine Animals, edited by Gene R. Huntsman, Jennifer Potts, Roger W. Mays, and Douglas Vaughan. American Fisheries Society, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781888569155.ch17.

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<em>Abstract.</em> —Distributed worldwide in warm water reef systems, groupers display ecological and biological characteristics that engender overharvest and, in extreme cases, endangerment to particular species. Most of the larger groupers have low natural mortality rates, reach maturity and maximum size slowly, are inherently rare, move little as adults, often aggregate to spawn at locations known to fishers, and are protogynous. The larger groupers of the Atlantic coast of the southeastern United States illustrate the vulnerability of groupers in general and offer reasonable proxies for the condition of many grouper populations throughout the world. The interaction of fishing mortality and protogyny has reduced the frequency of male gag <em>Mycteroperca microlepis </em> to 6% from more than 20% in 1973 and the spawning potential ratio (SPR) based on male biomass to 0.03 (from 1.0 in the unfished population). Reproduction in the protogynous red porgy <em>Pagrus pagrus </em> failed when the male SPR fell below 0.10. For the speckled hind <em>Epinephelus drummondhayi </em> in 1990 the numerical population was 10%, the population biomass was 5%, and the biomass of mature fish was 2% of that existing in 1973. The warsaw grouper <em>E. nigritus </em> is now so rare that too few individuals are measured to assess the population status. Jewfish <em>E. itajara </em> and Nassau grouper <em>E. striatus </em> are so rare as to be totally protected from harvest. The marbled grouper <EM>E</EM> . (<em>Dermatolepis</em> ) <em>inermis </em> may not be overfished but is so inherently rare that its population status is a mystery. Of the several potential management schemes for groupers only the implementation of a system of marine reserves solves all the complex problems of managing these valuable fishes.
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Conference papers on the topic "Nominal Maximum Aggregate Size"

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Shi Yan, Li Jiazheng, Yang Huaquan, and Lin Yuqiang. "Effect of the maximum aggregate size on mechanical properties of four-grade RCC." In 2011 International Conference on Electric Technology and Civil Engineering (ICETCE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icetce.2011.5776165.

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Bayoumy, Ahmed H., Ayman A. Nada, and Said M. Megahed. "Use of Forward Dynamics Model for Designing Large-Size Wind Turbine Blades." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-64309.

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In this paper, the Blade Element Momentum (BEM) theory is used to design the horizontal wind turbine blades. The design procedure concerns the main parameters of the axial/angular induction factors, chord length, twist/attack angles, and local power/thrust coefficients. These factors in turns affect the blade aerodynamics characteristics and efficiency at the corresponding nominal speed. NACA 4-digits airfoil geometry is obtained, using BEM theory, to achieve the maximum lift to drag ratios. The optimization of the power coefficient and its distribution versus different speeds is carried out by modifying the twist angle and chord length distribution along the blade span. The dynamic characteristics of both the original and optimized design are examined through forward dynamic simulation of the blade model. Since large-size wind turbine blade is considered, the dynamic model is established using the Absolute Nodal Coordinate Formulation (ANCF), which is suitable for large-rotation large-deformation problems. Finally, in order to verify the dynamic enhancements in the Aerodynamic/Structural properties, the fluid-solid interaction simulation for both the original and optimized model is performed using ANSYS code. The obtained results show a good rank of the proposed optimization procedure for a practical case of wind data upon Gulf of Suez-Egypt.
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Warrier, Sunil G., David C. Jarmon, and Herbert A. Chin. "Finite Element Analysis of the Critical Flaw Size in Hybrid Silicon Nitride Bearing Ball." In ASME Turbo Expo 2000: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2000-gt-0065.

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Hybrid bearings containing large silicon nitride balls are considered a critical technology for high speed turbine engine bearing applications. High costs of the balls as well as the lack of a reliable life prediction methodology have hindered extensive use of hybrid bearings in aerospace applications. The presence of surface cracks on silicon nitride balls necessitates the development of a fracture mechanics based approach for life prediction. The key element of the fracture mechanics based approach is the identification of a critical flaw size in silicon nitride balls. Finite element analysis was performed to parametrically vary the crack geometry and to determine the worst case crack geometry conditions. Stress intensity factors were computed for the worst case crack under Hertzian contact loading and in the presence of traction stresses. Failure maps were created that provide a prediction of the maximum permissible surface flaw in silicon nitride bearing balls. Single ball rig tests were performed with induced C-cracks to validate the predictions. Results from the single ball rig test were in good agreement with the results of the analysis for spontaneous spallation. The results of the analysis indicate that 100 μm deep cracks should not cause failure under nominal bearing operation conditions.
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Qian, Yu, Debakanta Mishra, Erol Tutumluer, Youssef M. A. Hashash, and Jamshid Ghaboussi. "Moisture Effects on Degraded Ballast Shear Strength Behavior." In 2016 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2016-5840.

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Ballast consisting of large sized aggregate particles with uniform size distribution is an essential component of the track substructure, to facilitate load distribution and drainage. As freight tonnage accumulates with traffic, ballast will accumulate an increasing percentage of fines due to either aggregate breakdown or outside contamination such as subgrade soil intrusion and coal dust collection. According to the classical text by Selig and Waters [1], ballast degradation from traffic involves up to 76% of all fouling cases; voids will be occupied by fines from the bottom of ballast layer gradually causing ballast clogging and losing its drainage ability. When moisture is trapped within ballast, especially fouled ballast, ballast layer stability is compromised. In the recent studies at the University of Illinois, the focus has been to evaluate behavior of fouled ballast due to aggregate degradation using large scale triaxial testing. To investigate the effects of moisture on degraded ballast, fouled ballast was generated in the laboratory through controlled Los Angeles (LA) abrasion tests intended to mimic aggregate abrasion and breakdown and generate fouled ballast at compositions similar to those observed in the field due to repeated train loadings. Triaxial shear strength tests were performed on the fouled ballast at different moisture contents. Important findings of this preliminary study on characterizing wet fouled ballast are presented in this paper. Moisture was found to have a significant effect on the fouled ballast strength behavior. Adding a small amount of 3% moisture (by weight of particles smaller than 3/8 in. size or smaller than 9.5 mm) caused test specimens to indicate approximately 50% decrease in shear strength of the dry fouled ballast. Wet fouled ballast samples peaked at significantly lower maximum deviator stress values at relatively smaller axial strains and remained at these low levels as the axial strain was increased.
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Wang, H., N. Pramanik, U. Roy, R. Sudarsan, R. D. Sriram, and K. W. Lyons. "A Scheme for Transformation of Tolerance Specifications to Generalized Deviation Space for Use in Tolerance Synthesis and Analysis." In ASME 2002 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2002/dac-34146.

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Traditionally tolerances for manufactured parts are specified using symbolic schemes as per ASME or ISO standards. To use these tolerance specifications in computerized tolerance synthesis and analysis, we need information models to represent the tolerances. Tolerance specifications could be modeled as a class with its attributes and methods [ROY01]. Tolerances impose restrictions on the possible deviation of features from its nominal size/shape. These variations of shape/size of a feature could be modeled as deviation of a set of generalized coordinates defined at some convenient point on the feature [BAL98]. In this paper, we present a method for converting tolerance specifications as per MMC (Maximum Material Condition) / LMC (Least Material Condition) / RFS (Regardless of Feature Size) material conditions for standard mating features (planar, cylindrical, and spherical) into a set of inequalities in a deviation space for representation of deviation of a feature from it’s nominal shape. We have used the virtual condition boundaries (VCB) as well as tolerance zones (as the case may be) for these mappings. For the planar feature, these relations are linear and the bounded space is diamond shaped. For the other cases, the mapping is a set of nonlinear inequalities. The mapping transforms the tolerance specifications into a generalized coordinate frame as a set of inequalities. These are useful in tolerance synthesis, and analysis as well as in assemblability analysis in the generalized coordinate system (deviation space). In this paper, we also illustrate the mapping procedures with an example.
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Sagar, Amrit, Christopher R. Nehme, Anil Saigal, and Thomas P. James. "Validation of a Conventional Finite Element Model for Simulation of a Micropunching Process." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36908.

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Finite element analysis (FEA) of metal microforming processes may require Crystal Plasticity Finite Element (CPFE) formulations to incorporate material inhomogeneity as feature size approaches grain size. Presently, it is unknown if the micropunching process, where holes are formed by shearing thin metal foils with a thickness on the same scale as grain size, can be accurately simulated by using the material’s bulk material properties or if CPFE is required. In the current research, validity of conventional FEA in simulating micropunching is investigated as CPFE formulations have yet to be integrated with most commercially available programs. Using DEFORM finite element software, strain hardening and strain rate hardening material models were employed to approximate flow stress when punching 200 μm diameter holes in 25 μm thick annealed copper foil. For validation of peak punching force, micro holes were fabricated with a nominal diameter of 200 μm for die clearances ranging from 7.6% to 48% of material thickness. The average grain size of the foil was determined to be approximately 47 μm. Therefore, micropunching was predominantly through a single grain across foil thickness and less than a grain in the direction of radial die clearance. Results indicate that the homogeneous material model in DEFORM is capable of predicting the maximum punching forces with reasonable accuracy, concluding that a CPFE model is not necessary for this category of micropunching. Regardless of die clearance, the maximum punching force was approximately 3 N.
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Jbira, Ibtissem, Antoine Tahan, Mohamed Ali Mahjoub, and Borhen Louhichi. "Evaluation of the Algorithmic Error of New Specification Tools for an ISO 14405-1:2016 Size." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85669.

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Due to machine tool imprecisions during manufacturing, the actual product cannot be the same as the nominal model. The product’s geometric variations influence the geometrical requirements of functionality and assembly [6, 8]; this remains a problem of industrial performance and plays a major role in the quality and cost of products; hence the need for a reliable strategy to evaluate errors in the final inspection of part quality. Among all the geometric characteristics, the circular characteristic is very common on most parts. Therefore, the measurement and evaluation of circularity with a high degree of accuracy is of utmost importance. Size, form and orientation are the basic descriptors of the geometric quality of the objects. The recent publication of ISO 14405-1: 2016 defines the size as the fundamental geometric descriptor; it described a new set of specification tools for the size of part characteristics that directly apply to the ideal geometry of the component [13]. These tools present new challenges for an inspector using a coordinate metrology system. The study of the influence of form defects on the identification of dimensional and geometrical requirements seems necessary. This paper studies four modifiers ISO 14405-1:2016 (Minimum circumscribed size (GN), Maximum recorded size (GX), least squares size Minimum (GG) and Minimum area (MZ)) will be studied. This paper presents simple and effective algorithms for evaluating the circularity error of a large number of points using four specification modifiers of ISO 14405-1:2016, and a study on the influence of measurement system strategies on different algorithms for the evaluation of these new specifications. An analysis software was developed to compare the sensitivity of different parameters (number of points, noise amplitude and circularity defect) on ISO 14405-1:2016 modifiers.
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Vijayaraghavan, Prasant, and Vishnu-Baba Sundaresan. "Investigating the Effect of Thermoelectric Processing on Ionic Aggregation in Thermoplastic Ionomers." In ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3953.

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Ionomers are a class of polymers which contain a small fraction of charged groups in the polymer backbone. These ionic groups aggregate (termed ionic aggregates) to form temporary cross-links that break apart over the ionic dissociation temperature and re-aggregate on cooling, influencing the mechanical properties of these polymers. In addition to enhanced mechanical properties, some ionomers also exhibit self-healing behavior. The self-healing behavior is a consequence of weakly bonded ionic aggregates breaking apart and re-aggregating after puncture or a ballistic impact. The structure and properties of ionomers have been studied over the last several decades; however, there is a lack of understanding of the influence of an electrostatic field on ionic aggregate morphology. Characterizing the effect of temperature and electric field on the formation and structure of these ionic aggregates will lead to preparation of ionomers with enhanced structural properties. This work focuses on Surlyn 8940 which a poly-ethylene methacryclic acid co-polymer in which a fraction of the carboxylic acid is terminated by sodium. In this work, Surlyn is thermoelectrically processed over its ionic dissociation temperature in the presence of a strong electrostatic field. Thermal studies are performed on the ionomer to study the effect of the thermoelectric processing. It is shown that the application of a thermoelectric field leads to increase in the ionic aggregate order in these materials and reduction in crystal size distribution. Thermal Analysis is performed using a Differential Scanning Calorimeter and the resulting thermogram analysis shows that thermoelectric processing increases the peak temperature and onset temperature of melting by 4 C and 20 C respectively. The peak width at half maximum of the melting endotherm is reduced by 10 C due to thermoelectric processing. This serves as a measure of the increased crystallinity. A parametric study on the effect of field duration and field strength is also performed.
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Fukuoka, Toshimichi, and Tomohiro Takaki. "Finite Element Simulation of the Disassembly Process of Pipe Flange Connections." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1091.

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Elastic interaction between bolts occurs in pipe flange connections during not only the bolt assembly process but also the disassembly process. In this study, the mechanical behaviors of pipe flange connections during the disassembly process have been systematically examined by using finite element analysis. As a result, it is shown that the increase in the rating class and nominal size of pipe flange increases the maximum value of bolt loads occurred during the bolt removing process. The effects of the bolt removing sequence are also analyzed in order to estimate the redistributions of bolt loads and the variations of contact pressure distributions on the gasket bearing surface. Furthermore, it is simulated how a pipe flange connection behaves when the clamping forces of some bolts are lost due to failure or loosening.
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Faisal, Hasan M., Zafrul Hakim Khan, and Rafiqul Tarefder. "Nano-Scale Binder Phase Identification in Asphalt Concrete." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71762.

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Asphalt concrete (AC) consists of asphalt binder and aggregate. Aggregate consists of: coarse aggregate and fines. Asphalt binder creates a coating or film around the aggregate, which is defined as the binder phase of AC. Fines are believed to be trapped inside an asphalt film or mixed with asphalt binder, creating a composite material called mastic. Thus, AC has three phases: mastic, asphalt film binder, and coarse aggregate. All these phases play major roles in performance of AC. Researchers have performed various tests on asphalt binder at micro scale to understand the macro scale behavior of AC. However, test methods developed and performed on binders, to this day, are mostly rheological shear and bending beam tests. No studies have been conducted on the compression stiffness or modulus and hardness of and binder, rather than shear and binders stiffness. In addition, the existing tests used in the asphalt area cannot be performed on binder and mastic while they are an integral part of AC. Nanoindentation tests can be performed on aggregate and asphalt binder while they are integral parts of AC. Because, in nanoindentation test, a nanometer size tip, which is smaller than binder film thickness as well as other phases. In the study, Performance Grade (PG) 64–28 was used for the study, same binder had been used afterwards to characterize asphalt and AC. A loading rate of 0.005 mN/sec, a dwell time of 200 sec and a maximum load 0.055 mN were employed in the study. In the current study 20 indentations were done on the asphalt binder sample and 100 indentations were done on AC sample, due to heterogeneity of the sample. However, to identify a specific phase in AC sample, the current study adopts the depth range technique for as same loading protocol. The depth rage of binder phase was acquired by independent indentation on same asphalt binder sample. As, asphalt is known to be a viscoelastic material that exhibits creep behavior, the creep compliance of asphalt binder was used for validation of the depth range assumption. The validation of phase identification was done by comparing the asphalt binder phase creep response while they are integral part of AC with creep response of independent asphalt binder sample under nanoindenter. The comparison shows depth resolution technique can successfully identify the binder phase of AC.
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