Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Nominalisation'
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Freundlich, Jerzy. "Nominal functions and nominalisation in classical Chinese." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1988. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28626/.
Full textEl-Idrissi, Abdeljalil. "Verbes opérateurs et nominalisation en arabe marocain (parler de Fès)." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070039.
Full textOur research is situated in grammaire-lexique framework, our methods and objectives both theoretical and practical are those of m. Gross (1975-1981). We borrowed the notion of "operator" from z. Harris according to whom a verb is operator when it allowds the paraphrase of a verbal construction with formation of a nominal group. We aimed, in this study, to develop the idea of z. Harris for moroccan arabic langage. The notion of operator is thus settled to define this kind of relationship between two sentences. In that way, we link the operator constructions to the phenomenae mostly known under the term of nominalisation. The constraints of determinants, the double analysis and the formation of the independant nominal groups are the features which permitted us to caracterise the operator use of the verb dar in moroccan arabic, and which constitute the backbone of our research
Haddad, Afifa. "Traitement des nominalisations anaphoriques en indexation automatique." Lyon 2, 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2001/haddad_a.
Full textThis thesis proposes en indexation method for integral texts based on anaphoric noun phrases. The motivation is to take advantage from the wide context of an anaphora relation in order to build a rich descriptor ? and to get consequently a performant index. The main contribution here is the design of a complete method enabling the systematic reconstitution of all arguments of each anaphoric nominalization encountered in the text. A completely resolved noun phrase constitutes a rich descriptor that is then added to the index. The resolution a nominal anaphora makes use the results of other preliminarly activities. These consists in collecting the syntactic structures of the possible noun phrase corresponding to a nominalization and, identifying a set of the anaphoric noun phrase and the form of its precedent. The feasibility of the proposed has been demonstrated through an application to a real-life corpus
Sklavoúnou, Elisávet. "Etude comparée de la nominalisation des adjectifs en grec moderne et en français." Paris 8, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA081290.
Full textOur study is based on transformational grammar (zeilig harris, 1968) and consists in describing syntactically adjectives' nominalization in modern greek following the theoretical framework developed by maurice gross (1975). We are studying in an explicit way, in elementary sentences, the syntactic relations between nominal and adjectival constructions, on support verb, morphologically related and semantically synonymous. We are making remarks on the syntactical behaviour of adjectives in nominalization structures in modern greek and in french (a. Meunier, 1981), on distributional and transformational basis. Our work is divided in five parts. In the introduction we are presenting the adjectival construction in modern greek, in the first part we are presenting the criteria of selection used for the constitution of our corpus. In the second part we are studying the distributional properties of the entries of our lexicon-grammar. The syntactic description of the adjectival and nominal constructions are presented in the third part. The syntactical description of constructions sharing specific properties is the subject of the fourth part. We establish the tables of the lexicon-grammar of adjectives' nominalization in modern greek where are described the constructions according to their syntactic category: anpn (constructions with a facultative prepositional complement), anpn2 (constructions with an obligatory prepositional complement) ancaus (causative constructions) ansy (symmetrical constructions) table anhq (constructions with a phrasal subject), an(intransitive constructions) aneut (constructions operating conversion) and the list anapp (constructions on appropriate nouns with an obligatory modifier). In the fifth part we are presenting our remarks on the relation between the syntax, the morphology and the translation of these constructions
Le, Thi G. C. "Grammatical metaphor in English official documentation : a corpus approach to the Vietnamese translation of nominalisation." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2014. http://eprints.uwe.ac.uk/23133/.
Full textDubosc, Karine. "Le groupe nominal sans nom en espagnol." Paris 8, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA083765.
Full textThis PHD dissertation specifically examines the determiner without nominal rection in contemporary Spanish. It contains three parts in which the occurrences of nounless nominal groups are studied. We first compare Spanish to four other languages (French, Italian, Portuguese and English) to show that Spanish can express certain things in a way the other four languages cannot. Then, we focus on Spanish itself and determine four kinds of grammatical categories that can be preceded with the definite article. Our main goal is to understand how a nounless nominal group can emerge with a nominal value, with non-nominal categories replacing the noun. We aim at finding what element gives the nominal value to those nominal groups and at testing what roles the article plays in the nominalization of those elements. Such a work first consists in detecting the cases of ellipses and the cases where the article has a pronominal value, so that those cases are eliminated from the scope of this study. The second part studies the grammatical categories introduced by the article (adjective, infinitive, subordinate clause and prepositional phrase). Restrictions are detected by tests opposing utterances to one another. It is shown that the determiner does not give any nominal feature to the construction and that syntax mainly depends on semantic criteria. We explain the utterance classes, their grammaticality and ungrammaticality through obligatory semantic features. The third part proposes to insert the hypothesis under DP hypothesis (Determinant Phrase) and we propose a [class] feature under D head, which enables to give a nominal value to the sentence with the help of a grammatical category bearing specific semantic features
Asnes, Maria. "Traitement unifié de la référence nominale et verbale." Paris 7, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA070001.
Full textNominal constituents have been traditionally assigned to a referential force that was stronger than that of the verbal constituents. The purpose of this research is, on the contrary, to unify the descriptions of nominal and verbal constituents through the prism of the concept of +/- homogeneous reference, which transcends the syntactical categorization in nouns and verbs. This research has a double objective: first, to extend the description of the referential mechanism of the mass and count terms of the nominal domain to the “Aktionsarten” of the verbal domain, by joining them together in a denotational super-category "homogeneous/heterogeneous", and second, to analyze the interactions of various referential factors operating between the nominal and verbal constituents of the sentence, in order to explain, and if possible to predict, the good formation of the sentences. We will start our research on the lexical level of representation where we will treat the referential properties of the nominal and verbal predicates, their analogies as well as their relations and interactions inside the argumental structure. Then, at the functional level of representation we will treat the analogies between the nominal quantifiers and verbal inflections. The elements of the functional level are quantificational operators that combine with the elements of the lexical level. This combinations are the result of complex interactions between the +/- homogeneous categories of these two levels of representation
Sanchez, Joseph. "Dénomination et indexicalité du sens nominal." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082349.
Full textDahech, Dhouha. "La dérivation nominale en français et en arabe : étude contrastive." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1026.
Full textIn this dissertation, we are suggesting a study of the nominalization in french with a contrastive comparison with the arabic language. Our starting point is the french nouns derived by adding a suffix and found in the « Petit Robert Electronique ». We have tackled questions related to nominalization through following several axes: Morphology, Semantics, Syntax, Stylistics and Discourse Analysis. In fact, we have studied the process of formation of these nouns, and we have tried to analyse questions suggested by basic notions such as root, suffix, and allomorphism. A semantic study has been carried out as well. Its aim is the classification of deverbal nouns according to their interpretation. We have been able to distinguish between three categories: predicate, agentive ending, and instrumental case and locatives. It is starting from the morphological and syntactic characteristics of these deverbal nouns that we have reached this classification. The semantic relation between the verbs and their corresponding nouns has been analysed as well. At the syntactic level, we have attempted to focus on the characteristics of noun phrases with predicative heads, such as pre, and post-modifiers. We have equally studied the stylistic characteristics of deverbal nouns (thematization, abstraction and generalization, etc. )At the discursive level, we have pondered the impact of the ideological, religious and cultural context on the use of some deverbal nouns in the French and Arabic languages which are most apparent in the context of the Middle East Conflict
Hurrell, Esther. "The morphology and phonology of English noun-verb stress doublets : base-driven lexical stratification, prefixes and nominalisation." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23059.
Full textPOTIER, CECILE. "Traduction automatique des formes verbo-nominales en ing de l'anglais vers le francais : problemes syntaxiques et semantiques lies a la nominalisation." Paris 7, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA070042.
Full textThis work deals with the translation of english verbal gerunds into french, in a machine translation system. The study concentrates on gerunds with no subject specified. We first present the linguistic litterature on that matter, showing how this hybrid form escapes the traditional distinction between verbal phrases and nominal phrases, hence the difficulty to represent them in a formal grammar. Anyway, it appears that the nominal or verbal character of a gerundive form does not necessarily correspond to a given syntactic form in french: the choice of the translation depends on the interpretation and on the context. So the second part of our work is based on a constrative study of 2 bilingual corpora: the hansard corpus and an ibm technical corpus. This study is divided in two chapters, corresponding to the syntactic functions of the verbal gerunds. We show that in subject position, 3 main types of translations can be observed: non finite phrases, nominalisations and adverbial phrases. We show how the choice of a translation depends on the interpretation of the sentence, mainly determined by the type of the main verb. It appears that the french nominalisation is compatible with most values of the english form. This led us to precise certain mechanisms of verbal/nominal transposition between the two languages: - deletion of the head verb in what we defined as "actualising light verb constructions" - nominalisation of the head verb. In object position, the scope of possible translations is reduced to two main types: non finite phrases and nominalisations. First, the choice of a non finite phrase depends on the control properties of the head verb, that must be equivalent in the source and target languages. Then, when no indication is given as to the reference of the subject of the embedded clause, the french nominal form is compatible with this lack of reference. As a result, we concentrate in the third part of our work on the synthesis of nominal forms in french: after reminding the aspectual properties of nominalisations, we state that only complex and simple event nominals are valid candidates for the translation. We also study the influence of number and determination on the interpretation of certain nominalisations. The last chapter is dedicated to the implemention in lmt, the machine translation prototype developped at ibm
Aljović, Nadira. "Recherches sur la morpho-syntaxe du groupe nominal en serbo-croate." Paris 8, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA081821.
Full textBeauseroy, Delphine. "Syntaxe et sémantique des noms abstraits : des propriétés verbales et adjectivales aux propriétés nominales." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN21016/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to examine the morphosyntactic and semantic properties of abstract nouns related to verbal and adjectival predicates. Since the nouns we examine are linked to verbal and adjectival predicates, the first part focuses on the question of aspectual properties in the nominal domain. We show that 'intensive abstract nouns' (Van de Velde 1995 and Flaux & Van de Velde 2000) constitute a unified aspectual class characterized by the feature [-DYNAMIC]. From the assumption that the stative feature common to these nouns allows a unified analysis, we propose a study relying on the idea that stative nouns are distinguished by their uses, and show that, in addition to a purely stative meaning, these nouns can also convey other information, in which they denote occurrences. The second part is dedicated to the syntactic behaviour of stative nouns, i.e. number and determination, but also adjectival modification. This enables us to identify two distinct morphosyntactic behaviours, that parallel the distinction between stative and occurrence understanding highlighted in the first part. On the one hand, in their property sense, these nouns have a behaviour similar to that of massive concrete nouns and qualify as relational nouns, i.e. they require an argument with which they enter into a predication relationship (at the syntactic level). On the other hand, in their occurrence sense, these nouns behave like concrete count nouns and are not inherently relational. To sum up, the analysis of stative nouns shows that they share semantic properties with certain types of verbal and adjectival predicates, as well as syntactic properties with various classes of concrete nouns
El, Hannach Mohamed. "Syntaxe des verbes psychologiques en arabe." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376142708.
Full textKonrad, Ingrid. "Quand la nominalisation envahit la subordination : étude sur ‘ce que’ dans les propositions subordonnées en français, selon une approche comparative, diachronique et expérimentale." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/KONRAD_Ingrid_2_complete_20190722.pdf.
Full textThis dissertation deals with the syntax of subordinate clauses involving `ce’ in French, namely a particular kind of complement clauses, a particular kind of relative clauses and a particular kind of indirect questions. It seems that nominalization has pervaded subordination in French, and I am questioning the status and the role of the nominal element (D) `ce’ in these constructions. A large part of this dissertation focuses on the syntactic ambiguity between light-headed relatives (CITKO, 2004) and indirect questions introduced by `ce qui/ce que’. On the basis of a diachronic study ranging from the 11th century to the 17th century, of a number of sentence repetition tasks performed on French children, aged from 3 to 6 years of age and of a self-paced reading experiment performed with French adults, I exclude that `ce’ and `que’ have incorporated and that /səkə/ is a wh-word. A closer scrutiny of the atypical syntactic behaviour, in synchrony, of indirect questions introduced by `ce qu-‘ leads me to analyse them as DPs. My proposal is that these structures are indeed questions disguised as relative clauses. This proposal brings me to reconsider two issues: the selection issue and the interpretation one. Building on the analysis of complement clauses in P+ce+que given by ZARING, 1992, as well as several data in other languages, I emphasise the existence of nominalized CPs, and I claim that the syntactic distinction between DP and CP is not categorical. As for the issue of how a relative clause with `ce’ as a head can get to be interpreted as a question, I assume that `ce’ is expletive, and thus devoid of referentiality, just like it is in complement clauses. Both relatives with `ce que’ (true relatives and questions disguised as relatives) are generated through a matching derivation involving a null operator. But the predicative relation holding between the operator and the head `ce’ only takes a value in true relatives, where `ce’ is referential. Concluding, subordinate clauses involving `ce que’ in French all have a DP+CP structure. However, the D element `ce’ is semantically referential and interpretable only in light-headed relatives
Marshall, Vivian. "Translating between the lines : Decoding the syntactic condensation found in nominalisations and non-finite supplementive clauses." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-86637.
Full textLemus, Serrano Magdalena. "Pervasive nominalization in Yukuna : An Arawak language of Colombian Amazonia." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE2052.
Full textThis dissertation focuses on Yukuna (ISO 693-3: ycn, Glottocode: yucu1253), an Arawak language of Colombian Amazonia. Yukuna is a definitely endangered, understudied language, spoken by under one thousand speakers in various communities along the Mirití-Paraná River in North Western Amazonia. This dissertation is organized in two parts. Part I provides a grammar sketch of the language (119pp.), on the basis of a first hand corpus of texts (25000 words, 4,5 hours of recording). Part II provides an in depth description and discussion of nominalizations and nominalization based constructions in Yukuna. Nominalizations in Yukuna are pervasive in discourse, and versatile in their functions. Indeed, there are eight different nominalization markers in Yukuna, used with ambiguous verb forms that display both verbal and nominal features. These verb forms are incredibly frequent, found in average in 80% of sentences in the corpus of texts. Verb forms carrying these markers are found in a variety of syntactic positions, and with different functions, from the prototypical referential use of nominalizations as arguments within verbal clauses, to other, less prototypical uses such as in relative clauses, adverbial clauses, clause chaining, and even as TAM and discourse markers in main clauses. Describing the complexity of Yukuna nominalizations in terms of their internal structure, external distribution and corpus frequency represents a major methodological challenge. This dissertation aims to present the complexities of Yukuna nominalizations in a way that is both thorough and systematic. In this study, I adopt a form to function methodology that establishes the prototype of Noun Phrases as the main tool to identify, categorize and describe nominalizations. Individual constructions are described in terms of the degree to which they match or differ from the language specific features of the NP prototype, in terms of both its internal morphosyntax and external distribution. This method is particularly reliable to identify the distributional and functional expansion of nominalizations, by distinguishing the use of verb forms marked with nominalizing morphology in syntantic positions of NPs (nominalization constructions), from their use in syntactic positions that are not those of NPs. I refer to this latter type of use as nominalization based constructions, following Post (2011). The results of this methodology applied to Yukuna show that the versatility of Yukuna nominalizations in fact largely conforms to the patterns of functional expansion of nominalizations reported in the literature. The most salient fact about the Yukuna nominalizations is that so many of the cross linguistically attested uses of nominalizations are simultaneously attested in a single language
Lopez, Cédric. "Titrage automatique de documents textuels." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20071/document.
Full textDuring the first millennium BC, the already existing libraries needed to organize texts preservation, and were thus immediately confronted with the difficulties of indexation. The use of a title occurred then as a first solution, enabling a quick indentification of every work, and in most of the cases, helping to discern works thematically close to a given one. While in Ancient Greece, titles have had a little informative function, although still performing an indentification function, the invention of the printing office with mobile characters (Gutenberg, XVth century AD) dramatically increased the number of documents, which are today spread on a large-scale. The title acquired little by little new functions, leaning very often to sociocultural or political influence (in particular in journalistic articles).Today, for both electronic and paper documents, the presence of one or several titles is very often noticed. It helps creating a first link between the reader and the subject of the document. But how some words can have a so big influence? What functions do the titles have to perform at this beginning of the XXIth century? How can one automatically generate titles respecting these functions? The automatic titling of textual documents is one of the key domains of Web pages accessibility (W3C standards) such as defined in a standard given by associations about the disabled. For a given reader, the goal is to increase the readability of pages obtained from a search, since usual searches are often disheartening readers who must supply big cognitive efforts. For a Website designer, the aim is to improve the indexation of pages for a more relevant search. Other interests motivate this study (titling of commercial Web pages, titling in order to automatically generate contents, titling to bring elements to enhance automatic summarization).In this study, we use NLP (Natural Language Processing) methods and systems. While numerous works were published about indexation and automatic summarization, automatic titling remained discreet and knew some difficulties as for its positioning in NLP. We support in this study that the automatic titling must be nevertheless considered as a full task.Having defined problems connected to automatic titling, and having positioned this task among the already existing tasks, we provide a series of methods enabling syntactically correct titles production, according to several objectives. In particular, we are interested in the generation of informative titles, and, for the first time in the history of automatic titling, we introduce the concept of catchiness.Our TIT' system consists of three methods (POSTIT, NOMIT, and CATIT), that enables to produce sets of informative titles in 81% of the cases and catchy titles in 78% of the cases
Ngo, Balep Lydie. "Essai d'analyse contrastive de la détermination nominale en français et en basaa." Paris 10, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA100158.
Full textThe nominal group in French is structured around the noun which is a center of the group; its insertion in the phrase is made with an article. The noun can also acquire predeterminants and postdeterminants which represent the supplementary determination of the noun. The new grammatical logic distributes of the determinants of the noun in quantitative strict, numerical and bipolar; in characterized strict numerical and possessive and in combined quantitative and characterized strict, possessive and demonstrative. The nominal group in basaa is also structured like the one in French; but it is not articulate. It is the same in language like in phrase. The stem is always prefixed to one of thirteen different prefixes of classes. Apart from determinants bipolar quantitative and possessive characterized, the basaa language have like the French language determinants strict, numerical quantitative, combined quantitative and characterized strict, possessive and demonstrative. Those determinants are called dependent nominal in relation with the independent nominal: the nouns. The system of agreement in these langages. .
Skaf, Roula. "Le morphème d= en araméen-syriaque : étude d’une polyfonctionalité à plusieurs échelles syntaxiques." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015INAL0012/document.
Full textThe behaviour of the polyfunctional morpheme d= in the Syriac language of the Gospels of the Peshiṭta is described in a typological perspective, in synchrony and in comparison, for some properties, with other varieties of Syriac and with other Semitic languages. d=, a former demonstrative in Proto-Semitic, is a relator at various syntactic levels: a determination place-holder, a genitival and relative marker, an introducer of completive and adverbial clauses.Chapter 1 introduces the topic of the study and the theoretical framework and chapter 2 discusses the state of art.Chapter 3 is dedicated to the study of the genitive phrase. We discovered that a syntactic criterion allows to distinguish semantically between alienable and inalienable phrases, to different degrees according to the semantic categories of the inalienable set, i.e. kinship and body part terms.In chapter 4, we showed that even though syntactic structures are similar for restrictive and non-restrictive relative clauses, it is impossible to relativize the latter for object, dative and adjoint relatives clauses. The syntactic gap strategy constitutes the primary strategy in the accessibility hierarchy and all the functions of the head in the main clause, except the object of comparison, are relativizable.Chapter 5 deals with the functions of d= as a complementizer and an introducer of adverbial clauses. The complementizer uses are wider than in Old Semitic. d= is employed with 12 of the 14 types of predicates of Noonan's typological classification as against 3 in Old Semitic. Syriac conforms to the implicational hierarchy named Complement Deranking-Argument Hierarchy. For adverbial clauses, the syntactic criterion of saturation of the verbal valency as well as semantic and contextual criteria permit to distinguish adverbial clauses from complement clauses. When d= forms conjunctive locutions with prepositions or adverbs, the polysemy of values is disambiguated thanks to the context. Only the conjunction mo d= is monosemous (with a temporal meaning).In the last chapter (chap. 6) on reported speech, we showed that direct reported speech is mostly introduced without d=, whereas it is always the case for indirect speech. Greek did not have any influence on the use of d=
Il funzionamento del morfema polifunzionale d= del siriaco nei Vangeli della Peshiṭta è descritto in una prospettiva tipologica, in sincronia e attraverso la comparazione, in alcuni punti, con altre versioni e con altre lingue semitiche. Tale morfema deriva dal pronome dimostrativo proto-semitico *ḏV e funge da relatore in diversi livelli sintattici: supporto di determinazione, indicatore delle relazioni genitivali e relative, introduttore delle proposizioni completive e avverbiali. Il capitolo 1 introduce la problematica della ricerca e dell’ambito teorico; il capitolo 2 presenta uno stato dell’arte sull’argomento.Il capitolo 3 è consacrato allo studio del sintagma genitivale. Un criterio sintattico ha permesso di distinguere semanticamente i sintagmi genitivali alienabili e inalienabili, anche se questa distinzione tende ad attenuarsi, in diversi punti, secondo le categorie semantiche d’inalienabile, termini di parentela e parti del corpo.Nel capitolo 4 abbiamo mostrato che, se da una parte le strutture sintattiche sono simili per le relative restrittive e le non-restrittive, dall’altra è impossibile relativizzare le ultime per le relative complemento oggetto, complemento di termine e complemento circostanziale. La strategia con gap sintattico è la strategia primaria nella gerarchia d’accessibilità e tutte le funzioni della testa nella proposizione matrice, tranne l’oggetto della comparazione, sono relativizzabili.Il capitolo 5 tratta le funzioni di d= come complementatore e introduttore di proposizioni avverbiali. Gli impieghi del complementatore sono più ampi rispetto al semitico più antico. Il morfema d= si impiega infatti per 12 dei 14 tipi di predicato della classificazione tipologica di Noonan invece dei 3 del semitico più antico. Il siriaco è conforme alla gerarchia implicativa, Complement Deranking-Argument Hierarchy. Per le proposizioni avverbiali, il criterio sintattico di saturazione della valenza verbale e dei criteri semantici e contestuali permettono di distinguere le avverbiali dalle completive.Quando d= forma delle locuzioni congiuntive con delle preposizioni o degli avverbi, la polisemia dei valori è disambiguato grazie al contesto, fatta eccezione della congiunzione monosemica temporale mo d=Nell’ultimo capitolo, sul discorso indiretto, mostriamo che il discorso “riprodotto” è introdotto senza d= nella maggior parte dei casi, mentre si usa d= nel discorso “riformulato”. Il greco non ha alcuna influenza sul suo utilizzo
Sharifzadeh, Saghie. "Recherche sur do (lexique et grammaire)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA040248.
Full textStudying the lexical and grammatical uses of do means engaging with a pivotal element of predicative anaphora. Linguists fail to agree on how to categorise do as used in anaphoric contexts: some take it tobe an auxiliary, others to be a lexical verb and still others to be intermediate between those two categories whenever it seems impossible to draw a clear line between lexical and grammatical instances. Based on a diachronic and synchronic survey of the uses of do, this dissertation uncovers the specific properties of the various forms of the verb and brings to light a “factitive” meaning sharedby all those forms, provided do takes some complementation (verbal in the case of auxiliary do, nominal or adverbial in the case of lexical do). Close scrutiny of electronic corpora of present-day English reveals that this factitive meaning blurs the boundary between lexical and grammatical occurrences. If it were not for an in-depth analysis of do as it occurs in various sentential contexts, the syntactic differences between its grammatical and lexical uses might be obscured by their semantic unity
Phindane, Pule Alexis. "Lexical semantics and deverbal nominalisations in Sesotho." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19543.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this dissertation, the semantic and syntactic properties of deverbatives are analyzed in the context of Generative Lexicon theory, which is a model of lexical semantics. The aim of the analysis relates to the existence of the relationship between nominals derived directly from an event description and their inheritance of the properties of that event. The deverbal nouns in Sesotho are analyzed semantically within specific parameters taking into account the deverbal noun as a whole. This is done by viewing how word meaning interact with a set of generative mechanisms to account for the creative use of language. These mechanisms involve the levels of representations (i.e. argument, event and qualia structures) which provides information about the number and type of arguments; the event type of a lexical item and how these events are tied together within different relations. There are correlations between lexically encoded base forms and morphological derived forms. These correlations provide a need for a representational structure to distinguish between stage-level and individual-level nominals. Focusing on the role of events in the semantics of nouns, it is shown that stage-level and individual-level nouns differ in the type and the quantification of their defining event. This led to the adoption of the view that that nominals in general should be named after the events they each fulfil.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie proefskrif word die semantiese en sintaktiese eienskappe van deverbatiewe in Sesotho ontleed binne die raamwerk van Generatiewe Leksikonteorie, ‘n model van leksikale semantiek. Die doel van die analise hou verband met die verhouding tussen nominale direk afgelei vanaf ‘n gebeurtenis (‘event’) beskrywing en die oorerwing van die eienskappe van daardie gebeurtenis (‘event’). Die Sesotho deverbatiewe word semanties ontleed binne spesifieke parameters met inagneming van die semantiese eienskappe van die deverbatief as geheel. Dit word gedoen deur ‘n ondersoek te doen na hoe woordbetekenis in interaksie is met ‘n stel generatiewe meganismes om ‘n verklaring te bied vir die kreatiewe gebruik van taal. Hierdie meganismes betrek die vlakke van representasie (nl. argumentstruktuur, gebeurtenis (‘event’) struktuur en qualia-struktuur) wat inligting voorsien omtrent die getal en tipes argumente (dit is, uitdrukkings wat tematiese rolle het), die gebeurtenis (‘event’) tipe van ‘n leksikale item, en hoe hierdie gebeurtenisse (‘events’) saamhang binne verskillende verbande. Daar is korrelasies tussen leksikaal ge-enkodeerde basisvorme en morfologiesafgeleide vorms. Hierdie ko-relasies bied ‘n behoefte vir ‘n verteenwoordigende struktuur om te onderskei tussen fase-vlak (‘stage-level’) en individuele-vlak nominale. Daar word aangetoon, met fokus op die gebeurtenisse (‘events’) in die semantiek van naamwoorde, dat fase-vlak en individuele-vlak verskil in die tipe en die kwantifisering van hulle definieerbare gebeurtenis. Dit lei tot die aanvaarding van die siening dat nominale in die algemeen benoem moet word na die gebeurtenisse waaraan elk voldoen.
Haddad, Afifa Le Guern Michel. "Traitement des nominalisations anaphoriques en indexation automatique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/sdx/theses/lyon2/intranet/haddad_a.
Full textSamvelian, Pollet. "Les nominalisations en français : arguments sémantiques et actants syntaxiques." Paris 7, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA070073.
Full textThe fact that a verb and the associated nominalisation have the same argument structure is widely admitted in diffrerent studies on nominalisations. Nevertheless, it is well known that the possible syntactic realisations for arguments are not identical in the to cases. Thus the form of the arguments in the verbal construction does not allow to "calculate" their form in the noun phrase. So it is necessary to discover different factors which determine the syntactic projection of arguments in the noun phrase. Discovering these facteurs is the principal aim of our study. Through a deep study of different constructions such as "passive" nominalisations (e. G. La destruction de la ville par l'ennemi), genitive complements (e. G. La destruction de la ville) and psychological nominalisations (e. G. , haine, amour), we underline the great diversity of the parameters which determine the syntactic projection of arguments in a noun phrase. Within these parameters, the aspectual properties, as well as the semantique role of the arguments have a dominating influence
Neveux, Julie. "L’expression linguistique du concret chez John Donne : le sentiment dans la langue." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040063.
Full textThis dissertation studies poetic meaning using linguistic tools. It offers a cognitive, phenomenological and enunciative definition of the distinction between the abstract and the concrete, based on statistics carried out on work of the metaphysical poet, John Donne (1572-1631): Meditations upon Emergent Occasions and The Complete English Poems. I argue that the “concrete” is the result of indirect – implied, unsemiotized – lyricism, a form of lyricism used by the poet when s/he is emotionally implicated in a speech situation. The speaker’s expressivity relies on a temporal decategorization enabling him to (implicitly) claim that generalized (abstract) terms are insufficient to articulate the specificity of his own sentimental experience. Words in –ness – grammatical metaphors – result from a grammatical decategorization, while traditional metaphors derive from a lexical decategorization. Metaphors reflect the affect of the incarnate speaker, who thus repossesses language. Lastly, I understand John Donne’s poetry – hinging on metaphors and comparisons, concrete and abstract elements – as expressing a working of feelings, which is the strongest when the feeling is religious and needs to make up for the absence of the beloved
Boberg, Per. "Word by word, phrase by phrase, sentence by sentence : A corpus-based study of the N1 by N1 construction." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Humanities, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5771.
Full textThe present paper examines the N1 by N1 construction using corpus linguistic methodology.The distribution of types of the construction that occur more than once either unhyphenated or hyphenated in any subcorpus of the British National Corpus accessed through the BrighamYoung University interface is examined. Written and spoken language as well as variousgenres are compared. Hyphenation is also investigated. A collocation analysis of some typesof the construction is further carried out and it is concluded that the N1 by N1 construction canbe part of the on a N1 by N1 basis construction. Results from the quantitative analysis as wellas the qualitative discussion suggest that the N P N construction may be undergoinglexicalisation starting as an adverbial and moving to functioning as a premodifier. Thissuggestion is indicated through complementary diachronic searches in the Oxford EnglishDictionary. It is also indicated that the construction may follow a development pattern similarto that of N1 to N1. The notion of construction is discussed in relation to the N1 by N1 construction, and a hierarchical view of constructions is proposed as a solution to some of theproblems with the term.
Eum, Du-Eun. "Syntaxe des verbes de communication en coréen." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00627590.
Full textBazantay, Jean. "La chose pour le dire : mono en japonais contemporain : approche sémantique, syntaxique et énonciative." Phd thesis, Université Michel de Montaigne - Bordeaux III, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00994605.
Full textRoyauté, Jean. "Les groupes nominaux complexes et leurs propriétés : application à l'analyse de l'informatique." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10140.
Full textPhilippe, Manon. "Le nominal propre : étude du nom propre en anglais." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUL118.
Full textThis thesis argues in favour of describing all proper names (PN, including proper nouns) in English as nominals, regardless of how many / which words they include – London, Christmas, Everbrite, United States, Wuthering Heights, GrandMother’s Footsteps, A Sailor’s Guide to Earth. A nominal corresponds to the intermediary stage between a noun and a noun phrase (NP): such a unit can be modified, or modify something else, and it needs a determiner in order to form a NP. To confirm this “proper nominal” hypothesis, the typographic, morpho-syntactic and referential properties of PNs are analysed: the significance of the capital letter (and other signs), sub-phrasal modification (close appositions, PN + PN, N + PN, PN + N patterns of modification), reduction processes and their link to “nounyness”, external determination and noun classes, the question of meaning / sense. Stating that proper names are nominals questions their so-called “inherently definite” property as nominals require an external determiner that would inform on the (in)definiteness of the NP as a whole. It also allows for the existence of a zero determiner associated with PNs, whose referential logics align. Finally, this hypothesis suggests that proper names (even proper nouns) are not exactly nouns: only common nouns are. PNs are analysed as nominalising units par excellence, enabling sometimes long, non-nominal or non-orthographic (numbers, symbols) sequences to be integrated into a NP and to behave “like” a noun. PNs may not be nouns, but by imitating nouns, they tend to be increasingly integrated into the linguistic system. As a result, they also seem to be associated with the expression of a high degree
Pérennec, Marie-Hélène. "Le groupe nominal en Allemand moderne." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA04A001.
Full textThe noun phrase in German has seldom been the subject of a general survey. The aim of this work is an overall description of the noun phrase, in the framework of a grammar of decoding systems. We have endeavoured to prove, in a first stage, that the chain order of the noun phrase in German reflects its deep structure, that is to say its meaning, thus contradicting the precepts of generative grammar and Fourquet's model. The work is based on a detailed analysis of the elements of the noun phrase in a pragmatic perspective. The markers of noun categories or determiners are described as the operators in an identification contract between speaker and hearer. The study of the principal determiners (articles, demonstrative or possessive adjectives) and of certain quantifiers illustrates the various types of "designation contracts". The expansions of the noun base (relative clauses, attributive adjectives, genitive noun complements) play a role in the process of designation and must be analysed in close relationship with the definite markers. Such analyses naturally lead one to pose the problem of the syntactic nature of nominalization
Chung, Min-Chung. "Les nominalisations d'adjectifs en coréen : constructions nominales à support issda [(il y avoir)]." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070002.
Full textBoberg, Per. "Word by word, phrase by phrase, sentence by sentence : A corpus-based study of the N1 by N1 construction." Thesis, Växjö universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-5771.
Full textInocente, Luntadila Nlandu. "Nominalisations en Kisikóngó (H16): les substantifs prédicatifs et les verbes-supports vánga, sala, sá et tá (⩭faire)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/321355.
Full textDans ce travail, nous avons abordé les nominalisations en kìkôngò. L’objectif était de voir si les nominalisations existent en kìkôngò et comment elles fonctionnent. L’étude visait l’opérationnalité de faire comme verbe-support. Il ressort de cette étude que les nominalsations existent en kìkôngò avec deux principaux types : nominalisations lexicales et syntaxiques. De même, faire joue vraiment le rôle de verbe-support. Toutefois, en kìkôngò, nous avons rencontré quatre équivalents de faire, ce sont les Vsup sá, tá, sála et vánga. Ces derniers sont tous des verbes généraux appliqués aux
Neste trabalho, abordamos as nominalizações em kìkôngò. O objectivo foi apreender se existem nominalizações e como funcionam. O estudo visou a operacionalidade do fazer como verbo-suporte. Resulta que as nominalizações existem em kìkôngò através de dois tipos principais: nominalizações lexicais e sintácticas. De igual modo, o verbo fazer desempenha normalmente a sua função de verbo-suporte. Todavia, em kìkôngò, encontramos quatro equivalentes de fazer que são os verbos sá, tá, sála e vánga. Estes são verbos gerais aplicados às
In this work, we analyzed nominalizations in kìkôngò. The objective was to see if nominalizations exist in kìkôngò and how it works. We studied the verb to do/make as light-verb. It appears from this study that the kìkôngò nominalizations exist with two main types: lexical and syntactic nominalizations. Likewise, the verb to do/make plays ordinarily its role of light-verb. However, in kìkôngò, we met four equivalents of the verb to do/make that are the Vsup sá, tá, sála and vánga . These are general verbs applied to
Coppolani, Marie-Laure. "Changement lexical en nez-percé." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCF024/document.
Full textThe doctoral dissertation analyzes the lexical change in nez perce, an endangered language spoken inIdaho (Unites States of America) that counts less than fifteen native speakers and lacks studies inlexicology. The work is divided into two parts : the description of noun formation, and the analysis of thenew food lexicon. After a synthesis on phonology (modifications due to lexical change), on word order,and on the nominal and verbal clauses, the thesis describes reduplication, compounds, the affixalderivation (especially nouns derived by analogical or converted suffixes) and the lexical nominalisation.Moreover, it deals with the lexicalisations of metonymies and metaphors. Then, it analyzes processes thatlead to the creation of the new food lexicon and compares them with the previously identified processesinvolved in the formation of noun
Seraku, Tohru. "Clefts, relatives, and language dynamics : the case of Japanese." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0448acc3-dee6-4b1b-9020-95fd84895f24.
Full textBeddar, Mohand. "Vers un prototype de traduction automatique contrôlée français/arabe appliquée aux domaines à sécurité critique." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1013/document.
Full textThe result of our research is a proposal for a controlled French to Arabic machine translation model, applied to security critical domains. This cross-disciplinary research study covers controlled languages and French to Arabic machine translation, two intimately related concepts. In a situation of crisis where communication must play its full role, and in the context of increasing globalisation where many languages coexist, our research findings show that the combination of these two concepts is sorely needed. No one can deny today the predominant role played by security in people’s daily life and the significant challenges it presents in modern societies. These more and more complex and interconnected societies present evident vulnerabilities that force them to rethink their means of protection and in particular that of their communication systems. Language communication with computerised systems is one of the most widely used forms of communication for the transfer of knowledge required in carrying out and completing tasks and in the good conduct of various activities. However, and contrary to an entrenched idea that tends to associate the risk of poor communication only with oral transmission, the use of written language can also be subject to risk. Indeed, a protocol or an alert which is badly formulated can provoke serious accidents due to misunderstanding, in particular during a crisis and under stress. It is in this context that our research has been undertaken. Our thesis proposes an innovative approach in the fields of controlled language and machine translation in which, relying on a microsystemic analysis of the language and a study of the corpus in intension, precise standards are defined for writing and translating protocols and security alerts written in French automatically into Arabic. Indeed, new concepts are introduced by means of several normative methods involved not only in the controlling process but also in the machine translation process. The French to Arabic machine translation system TACCT (Traduction Automatique Contrôlée Centre Tesnière) developed during our research is a rule-based system based on an isomorphic syntactic and semantic model stemming from intra- and interlanguage analysis between French and Arabic. It introduces new concepts including controlled mirror macrostructures, where the syntax and semantics of the source and target languages are represented at the same level
Durand, Tom. "L'intransitivité scindée dans les langues arawak." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INAL0012/document.
Full textIn this thesis I study in depth the split intransitivity in the Arawak family of languages of South America. The grammatical analysis of the split intransitivity phenomenon is based on both their semantico-pragmatical motivations and their morphosyntactical realizations according to grammatical categories, valence changes and TAM. Besides, I also take into account constructions involving other types such as nominalized verbs and differential marking.This study not only reveals the existence of a rich diversity of split intransitivity patterns within this family, but it also proposes paths to understand the diachrony of such patterns, involving shifts from ergative alignment to accusative alignment, for which the effects of language contact may have played an important role. In this connection, the study sheds light onto the ways split intransitivity has implication for alignment-type and it is thus of interest for language typology
Khachaturyan, Maria. "Grammaire de la langue mano (mandé-sud) dans une perspective typologique." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0030/document.
Full textThis work aims to present a grammatical description – as complete as possible – of a South Mande language, Mano (400,000 speakers in Guinea and Liberia), placing it into a typological context, comparing the language with other Mande languages and distinguishing general typological particularities. The text of the thesis is divided into six chapters: Phonology and phonetics; Morphology; Noun phrase; Verb phrase; Predicative system; Syntax of the clause. Justifying the typological orientation of the thesis, each chapter is concluded by a section providing typological particularities of the data presented in it. A detailed analysis was given, among others, on the following themes: quantitative study of phonotactics; study of the category of number, including its expression and alignment by number; the system of quantification markers; argument structure, corpus study of predicative markers’ distribution; syntax of the clause, especially syntax of the relative clause.The appendices at the end of the thesis contain some important complementary information, including, for instance, complete verbal paradigms. Two of these appendices comprise of glossed texts
Lyakhova, Moulin Mariya. "La concession en russe moderne." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30008/document.
Full textIn this thesis dedicated to concession in modern Russian we specified the concept by means of a prototypical schema which we applied to classify different types of concessive constructions. This schema aims at embracing the majority of sentences marked as concessive. The main mark of the proposed schema (p, C q), based on the idea of contrast between the implications of p and q contents, assessments of these contents or p and q speech acts, is the connective C, a concessive conjunction or preposition. We studied concessive relations in both complex sentences and simple sentences. They are classified according to the epistemic status of q and subdivided into non-Conditional, conditional and counterfactual. The second criterion of classification is the single or multiple status of q. According to it we have, on the one hand, non-Generalized concessive constructions and, on the other, generalized concessive constructions. Outstepping the traditional research, we made a point of studying illocutionary concession as part of the whole. Indeed, xotja in discourse is used by the speaker as a self-Correction technique in order to reject the previous utterance pointing thus the deviation of their thought. As a result of our research we come to the conclusion that concession has multiple forms and cannot be reduced to inoperant causality. Due to a wider research scope we managed to bridge the linguistic and rhetoric concessions and to give a broader view of different forms of concessive relations in modern Russian
Soare, Elena. "La représentation des événements dans les domaines non temporalisés." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris VIII Vincennes-Saint Denis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919347.
Full textPabón, Triana Marta Lucía. "Morfosintaxis de las formas no finitas en Namt̮ik de Totoró : Cauca, Sur de Colombia." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCC039.
Full textThe thesis is composed of an introduction and six parts, each one divided into chapters. The first part is morphophonology. The second part is dedicated to parts of speech with the following chapters: morphology, verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs. The third part speaks about nominalisation. The fourth part is dedicated to syntax, with two chapters: nominal phrase and verbal phrase. The fifth part presents predication with finite forms and non-finite forms. The sixth part refers to subordination
Esta tesis se componede una introducción y seis partes, cada una dividida en capítulos. La primera parte es la morfofonología. La segunda parte se dedica a las partes del discurso y contiene los siguientes capítulos: morfología del verbo, del nombre, del adjetivo, del adverbio. La tercera parte trata la nominalización. La cuarta parte se dedica a la sintaxis con dos capítulos, el sintagma nominal y el sintagma verbal. La quinta parte presenta la predicación con formas finitas y con formas no finitas. La sexta parte se refiere a la subordinación
Elena, Soare Negoita. "Le supin roumain et la théorie des catégories mixtes." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00149608.
Full textSchluter, Natalie. "The role of aspect in paraphrase operations." Thèse, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/16569.
Full textTo, TV. "Linguistic complexity in English textbooks : a functional grammar perspective." Thesis, 2015. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/22763/7/Whole_To_thesis.pdf.
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