Academic literature on the topic 'Nominalization. eng'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nominalization. eng"
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FÁBREGAS, ANTONIO, and RAFAEL MARÍN. "The role of Aktionsart in deverbal nouns: State nominalizations across languages." Journal of Linguistics 48, no. 1 (November 23, 2011): 35–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226711000351.
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Most of the literature devoted to the study of deverbal nominalizations concentrates on the complex event reading (e.g. La concentración de partículas tiene lugar a temperatura ambiente ‘The concentration of particles takes place at room temperature’) and the object reading (e.g. El paciente tenía concentraciones de calcio en el hombro ‘The patient had calcium concentrations in the shoulder’), while nominalizations denoting states (e.g. La concentración de Sherlock Holmes duró cinco horas ‘Sherlock Holmes’ concentration lasted five hours') have remained, in general, understudied. In this paper we present their empirical properties and argue that, despite the empirical differences, state nominalizations and event nominalizations can receive a unified account. We show that in Spanish, Catalan, French, English and German the question of whether a deverbal nominalization denotes a state or an event, or is ambiguous between both readings depends on independent properties of the verbal base, allowing us to propose a unified account of both classes of nominalizations: the productive nominalizers in these languages can only denote the aspectual notions contained in the base's Aktionsart. We further argue that other languages, like Slovenian, have productive nominalizers that can operate over the external aspect of the predicate; in these cases, the nominalization can denote aspectual notions not contained in the base's Aktionsart.
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Shuchun, Zhang, and Olga V. Kukushkina. "Nouns Formed with -ism Suffix as a Type of Nominalization in Modern Russian Language." Proceedings of Southern Federal University. Philology 2021, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 113–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/1995-0640-2021-2-113-124.
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In the article Russian nouns formed with -ism suffix, often containing borrowed roots from other Indo-European languages, are analyzed from the perspective of their syntactic function as nominalization. As nominalization regarded in linguistics as a type of pure syntactic transformation (or “syntactic derivation” according to the definition of Jerzy Kuryłowicz), the -ost’ suffix as a word-formational formant for syntactic derivation is well acknowledged and described. As a contrast, the studied group of nouns with -ism suffix is seldom associated with or regarded as deadjectival nominals in previous works and dictionaries. Our analysis based on explanatory and morpheme dictionaries has shown, the motivational correlation between nouns with -ism suffix and adjectives are described in multiple ways, often contrasted one another. For instance, -isms are described in the morpheme dictionary (Lopantin, Ulukhanov 2016) as deadjectival nouns, while in the Shvedova dictionary as non-derivatives, motivating adjectives of quality. In addition, the seme ‘quality’ is also described variously in the two dictionaries – directly or using synonyms with different formants. The analysis of word-usages of -isms was conducted with the corpus “Russian Newspapers of the End of the XX Century”, developed by the Laboratory for General and Computational Lexicology and Lexicography (Lomonosov Moscow State University). The analysis has shown that the diagnostic context automatically differentiate the usage of -isms as nominalizations are the dependent names of the “feature carrier”, which as a result of nominalization has been moved from the position of subject to a dependent attribute.
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Shibasaki, Reijirou. "From Relativization to Nominalization and More: Evidence from the History of Okinawan." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 36, no. 1 (August 24, 2010): 382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v36i1.3925.
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In lieu of an abstract, here is a brief excerpt:The nominalization-relativization syncretism is characteristic of languages in Tibeto-Burman areas (e.g. Noonan 1997; DeLancey 1999), whilst the diachronic process of the phenomenon is now pursued in East and Southeast Asian languages as well (e.g. Yap and Wrona forthcoming). These preceding works propose two different directions of change. One is that nominalization has developed into relativization (e.g. Yap and Matthews 2008) albeit with a lack of syntactic explicitness in some cases by the want of historical documents. The other concerns the inverse direction from relativization to nominalization, which is proposed by researchers such as LaPolla (2003 with Huang). Although they are opposing against each other, each survey result remains and raises an intriguing possibility, which is worth reconsideration through the analysis of other languages. However, it should be pointed out that preceding research cannot give a full account of the directions with a paucity of crucial historical evidence. Genetti (2008) embarks on a reconstructing research into the diachronic process in which relativization and nominalization each give rise to the other based on five Tibeto-Burman languages; she provides a good syntactic analysis, but any synchronic study seems to have its own limits. Building on these preceding works, this study addresses the historical development of the Okinawan nominalizer si, which used to be sï (see the next section), out of its earlier usage as the head of relative clause i.e. from relativization to nominalization.
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Mikolic Juznic, Tamara. "A contrastive study of nominalization in the systemic functional framework." Languages in Contrast 12, no. 2 (October 29, 2012): 251–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.12.2.08mik.
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This paper presents a contrastive analysis of nominalization in Italian and Slovene within the framework of systemic functional grammar as described by M.A.K. Halliday and his colleagues. Nominalization is viewed as a type of grammatical metaphor whereby processes which are congruently realized by verbs are metaphorically realized by nouns expressing the same process as those verbs. The frequency of nominalization varies greatly among languages as well as among genres within a language, and may cause problems when two languages interact, e.g. in translation, especially when one of the two languages seems less prone to use this kind of grammatical metaphor than the other. In the present study, an analysis is carried out of a 2.5 million-token parallel corpus of Italian source texts and their Slovene translations, particularly with regard to the different translation equivalents that may appear in the translated texts, which is partly dependent of the type of process involved.
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Faquire, Razaul Karim. "Nominalization and Its Role in the Formation of Noun Phrase in Japanese." Journal of Japanese Language Education and Linguistics 5, no. 2 (August 26, 2021): PRESS. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jjlel.v5i2.11407.
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This study sheds light on the yields of nominalization and their role in the formation of Noun Phrases in Japanese in an envisaged framework which considers nominalization to be a morphosyntactic process. Nominalization operates on the linguistic constituent to transform it into a derivative/transformed constituent. It brings forth derivative nouns by operating on the words other than nouns involving the process of derivation as well as action nominal constituent and nominal clause respectively involving the simultaneous process of desententialization and transformation, and the process of reduction of clausal properties from a finite clause. It fundamentally differs from the prevalent nominalizer approach, which derives bound-noun-headed nominals by juxtaposition of a dependent constituent with the nominalizers, e.g. no and koto. The derivative noun, bound-noun-headed constituent, action nominal constituent as well as nominal clause together form a grammatical category called nominals, which partake both as the head or the adnominal in the formation of NP involving certain grammatical rules.
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Heyvaert, Liesbet. "Non-agentive Deverbal -er Nominalization in English and Dutch." Languages in Contrast 1, no. 2 (December 31, 1998): 211–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lic.1.2.07hey.
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This paper deals with non-agentive deverbal -er nominals in English and Dutch. It attempts to provide a grammatico-semantic explanation for the extension of agentive to non-agentive -er, and argues that the profile of the -er suffix, irrespective of whether it is agentive or non-agentive, is comparable to that of the subject-Junction of a clausal structure. More particularly, some clausal structures are discussed which show a high number of structural and semantic correspondences with non-agentive -er nominals. Whereas in English, the most important clausal agnate turns out to be the middle construction (e.g. this book reads easily), Dutch non-agentive -er nominals are shown to agnate with various structures, notably middle formation: especially the occurrence of intransitive or 'circumstantial' middles (e.g. asfalt fietst prettiger dan grind 'asphalt cycles better than gravel'), and the frequent use of 'let'-constructions in contexts where English would use a middle (e.g. dat boek laat zich makkelijk lezen [that book lets itself easily read], i.e. that book reads easily) offer evidence of the Dutch potential to construe non-agentive entities as subjects. Throughout the discussion, the clauses and -er nominals under scrutiny are illustrated by extracts from the COBUILD corpus and the Dutch INL corpus.
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Angelis, Angela de. "Nominalizations With the Italian Support Verb Avere." Lingvisticæ Investigationes. International Journal of Linguistics and Language Resources 13, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/li.13.2.02ang.
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Certain deverbal nouns can be analyzed as predicates. We present here a classification of those deverbal nouns which are in relation with the support verb avere: i.e. the sequence avere V-n (e.g. avere la speranza) corresponds to a simple verb (sperare). This work is part of a larger research effort concerning the construction of a Lexicon-Grammar of italian.
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Iordăchioaia, Gianina, Susanne Schweitzer, Yaryna Svyryda, and María Camila Buitrago Cabrera. "Deverbal zero-nominalization and verb classes: Insights from a database." Zeitschrift für Wortbildung / Journal of Word Formation 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 120–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/zwjw.2020.02.07.
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Abstract We investigate deverbal zero-derived nominals in English (e.g., to walk > a walk) from the perspective of the lexical semantics of their base verbs and the interpretations they may receive (e.g., event, result state, product, agent). By acknowledging that, in the absence of an overt affix, the meaning of zero-nominals is highly dependent on that of the base, the ultimate goal of this study is to identify possible meaning regularities that these nominals may display in relation to the different semantic verb classes. We report on a newly created database of 1,000 zero-derived nominals, which have been collected for various semantic verb classes. We test previous generalizations made in the literature in comparison with suffix-based nominals and in relation to the ontological type of the base verb. While these generalizations may intuitively hold, we find intriguing challenges that bring zero-derived nominals closer to suffix-based nominals than previously claimed.
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Wauquier, Marine, Nabil Hathout, and Cécile Fabre. "Semantic discrimination of technicality in French nominalizations." Zeitschrift für Wortbildung / Journal of Word Formation 4, no. 2 (January 1, 2020): 100–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/zwjw.2020.02.06.
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Abstract French suffixations in -age, -ion and -ment are considered roughly equivalent, yet some differences have been pointed out regarding the semantics of the resulting nominalizations. In this study, we confirm the existence of a semantic distinction between them on the basis of a large scale distributional analysis. We show that the distinction is partially determined by the degree of technicality of the denoted action: -age nominals tend to be more technical than -ion ones. We examine this hypothesis through the statistical modeling of technicality. To this end, we propose a linguistic definition of technicality, which we implement using empirical, quantitative criteria estimated in corpora and lexical resources. We show to what extent the differences with respect to these criteria adequately approximate technicality. Our study indicates that this definition of technicality, while amendable, provides new perspectives for the characterization of action nouns.
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Grimm, Scott, and Louise McNally. "The -ing dynasty: Rebuilding the semantics of nominalizations." Semantics and Linguistic Theory 25 (October 29, 2015): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/salt.v25i0.3070.
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The nature of -ing nominals has been widely debated since the early days of generative grammar (e.g. Lees 1960, Chomsky 1970), and at least since Vendler (1967), -ing forms also have played a central role in debates over natural language ontology for abstract objects. This paper attempts to simplify the ontology and account for the uses and interpretations a wide range of -ing forms using only a distinction between event types and event tokens. A core insight will be that the different constructions reflect different paths by which the -ing form may come to have type or token reference. A central contrast present among these different paths involves whether the event types/tokens are individuated through nominal morphology or through temporal anchoring.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nominalization. eng"
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Santana, Liliane. "A expressão da estrutura argumental dos nomes derivados /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86591.
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Orientador: Roberto Gomes CamachoBanca: Cláudia Nívea Roncarati de Souza
Banca: Sebastião Carlos Leite Gonçalves
Resumo: Com base num baixo preenchimento argumental nas construções derivadas, este trabalho busca explicações para essa natureza controversa da estrutura argumental das nominalizações mediante análise da relação entre propriedades sintático-semânticas decorrentes da estrutura valencial das nominalizações e a natureza informacional de seus constituintes argumentais. O universo de investigação consiste num corpus constituído por inquéritos de Elocução Formal (EF), Diálogo entre Informante e Documentador (DID) e Diálogos entre Dois Informantes (D2) do Projeto NURC-SP (Castilho & Preti, 1986), e o processamento quantitativo dos dados é feito eletronicamente mediante o uso do pacote estatístico VARBRUL. Os resultados obtidos confirmam o baixo preenchimento argumental da nominalização; entretanto, mostram que o que determina a expressão argumental não é nenhum fator necessariamente formal, mas o estatuto informacional dos referentes envolvidos. Com efeito, caso sirva para introduzir um novo referente no discurso, o argumento respectivo deverá vir expresso; caso a função do nome derivado seja retomar uma informação, os argumentos da predicação input poderão ser expressos ou não, dependendo das condições textuais. Trata-se afinal de formas alternativas de expressão formal motivada por necessidades comunicativas de natureza pragmática. Com relação à expressão argumental, os resultados mostram que os argumentos recebem preferentemente o formato de um sintagma-de, e, havendo dois argumentos para serem expressos, é A2 na forma de sintagma-de que predomina. Uma vez mais, a confirmação desse fato tem um forte correlato pragmático, já que o argumento interno é normalmente dotado de informação nova e o argumento externo, de informação dada.
Abstract: On the basis of a real low frequency of argument structure filling, this work aims at explaining this controversial nature of argument structure of nominalizations by analyzing the relationship between the syntactic-semantic properties of valential structure of nominalizations and the informational status of its argumental constituents. The data consist of a sample extracted from the spoken material recorded from graduate informants by Urban Standard Norm Project (Projeto NURC)/Brasil) constituted by Formal Elocutions (EF), Dialogue between Informant and Documenter (DID) and Dialogue between Two Informants (D2) (Castilho & Preti, 1986) and the quantitative processing of data is made electronically by means of VARBRUL Program. The results confirm the low argument filling of nominalization; however they show that the argument expression it is not necessarily determined by a formal factor, but by the informational status of referents involved. In fact, if the function of the derived noun is to introduce a new referent in the discourse, the respective argument should be expressed; if its function is to resume an information, the arguments of the input predication may be expressed or not, depending on the textual conditions. They consist of alternative formal expressions which are motivated by communicative needs of pragmatic nature. As to the argument expression, the results additionally show that the arguments preferentially take the form of an of-phrase, and if there are two arguments to be expressed, it is the second one in the of-phrase form which stays on. Once again the confirmation of this fact has a strong pragmatic correlation, since the internal argument usually presents a new information, and the external argument, a given information.
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Camacho, Roberto Gomes. "O papel da nominalização no continuum categorial /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106726.
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Resumo: A continuidade categorial é uma propriedade indiscutível da linguagem para a tradição funcionalista, que a trata como um verdadeiro universal linguístico. Além de buscar evidência sistemática para a comprovação desse axioma, o principal objetivo deste trabalho é analisar a estrutura argumental da nominalização, num esforço concentrado por demonstrar que esse mesmo princípio universal é metodologicamente útil e teoricamente válido para postular relações intralinguísticas de continuidade categorial mesmo entre classes aparentemente discretas como as de substantivo e verbo. A trajetória percorrida para a sustentação da hipótese da continuidade categorial passa necessariamente pela comprovação de uma hipótese secundária, a de preservação de valência, postulada por Dik (1985; 1997), segundo a qual a estrutura argumental é parte constitutiva da nominalização. Essa busca não teria êxito se a trajetória percorrida não utilizasse um atalho necessário, representado pela teoria prototípica de categorização. De fato, postular a existência de categorias intermediárias, como a de nominalização, implica necessariamente a existência de membros mais prototípicos de uma categoria. A existência de estrutura argumental, que sinaliza a representação de entidades de ordem superior, permite aproximar a nominalização de membros não-prototípicos da categoria dos verbos como formas não-finitas, enquanto a ausência de estrutura argumental, que sinaliza a representação de uma entidade de primeira ordem, permitiu aproximá-lo de membros prototípicos da categoria dos substantivosAbstract: Category continuity is an undisputable language property for the functionalist tradition, which treats this principle as a true axiom. Besides seeking systematic evidence for confirming this principle, the main objective of this study is to analyze the argument structure of nominalization as an effort to demonstrate that this very principle is both methodologically useful and theoretically valid to postulate intralinguistic relations of category continuity even between such apparently discrete word classes as nouns and verbs. The path for giving support to the category continuity hypothesis necessarily involves confirming a secondary one, that is, the valence preservation hypothesis, as postulated by Dik (1985, 1997), in which the argument structure is a constituent part of nominalization. However, that search would not be so successful if the path did not pass by a necessary shortcut, represented by the prototypical theory of categorization. In fact, to postulate the existence of intermediate categories, such as nominalization, necessarily imply the existence of more prototypical members of that category. The existence of argument structure, which indicates the representation of higher-order entities, allows inserting the nominalization into such nonprototypical members of verbs as non-finite forms, while the absence of argument structure, which indicates the representation of a first-order entity, allows inserting it into the prototypical members of nouns
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Oliveira, Gabriela. "Acessibilidade semântica nas construções relativas em línguas indígenas brasileiras : um estudo tipológico-funcional /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86564.
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Orientador: Roberto Gomes CamachoBanca: Angel Humberto Cobera Mori
Banca: Giseli Cássia de Sousa
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é investigar a atuação de restrições de ordem semântica ao lado das de ordem sintática para a determinação do processo de formação de orações relativas, em busca de evidências que confirmem a revisão da Hierarquia de Acessibilidade (HA) de Keenan e Comrie (1977) proposta por Dik (1997). As críticas à HA de Keenan e Comrie (1977) dizem respeito tanto a razões empíricas - pelo fato de que em algumas línguas não há nenhuma forma de se construir orações relativas; quanto a razões teóricas - pelo fato de as funções sintáticas não serem relevantes para todas as línguas do mundo. O corpus deste trabalho é composto por 30 línguas indígenas brasileiras e conta com descrições previamente feitas, como gramáticas, teses e outros tipos de manuais descritivos. Os dados coletados por este trabalho confirmam a hipótese de que é necessária uma revisão da HA. As lacunas na HA dizem respeito, principalmente, à função de Objeto Indireto. Para várias das línguas investigadas, essa função sintática não está acessível à relativização, mas outras funções, mais baixas na hierarquia do que essa, podem ser relativizadas, contrariando a HA de Keenan e Comrie (1977). Ao se analisarem as funções semânticas relativizadas, concluiu-se que as funções de Recipiente, Locativo e Tempo têm o mesmo estatuto nas línguas, hipótese confirmada pela teoria da Gramática Discursivo-Funcional. Em consequência disso, propomos neste trabalho uma outra hierarquia, baseada em critérios sintáticos e semânticos. Além disso, a nominalização desponta, neste trabalho, como a estratégia de relativização mais recorrente, apesar de não ser aceita como estratégia legítima para alguns autores de orientação formalista
Abstract: This study aims at investigating the role of semantic and syntactic constraints to determine the process of relative clauses formation, in search of evidence that confirms the revision of the Accessibility Hierarchy (AH), by Keenan and Comrie (1977), proposed by Dik (1997). The criticism to the HA, by Keenan and Comrie (1977), concern both empirical reasons (the fact that there are languages that do not have any type of relative construction) and theoretical reasons (the fact that the authors take syntactic categories as universal without mentioning any theory that defines them and without taking into account that there are languages for which these functions are not relevant). The corpus of this work consists of 30 Brazilian indigenous languages and includes descriptions made previously, such as grammar books, theses and other types of descriptive manuals. Data collected by this study confirm the hypothesis that a review is needed for AH. Gaps in the AH relate mainly to the function of Indirect Object. For many languages, such function is not accessible to relativization, but other functions, lower in the hierarchy, can be relativized. When analyzing the relativized semantic functions, it was concluded that the semantic functions of Recipient, Locative and Time have the same status in the languages, a hypothesis that is also confirmed by the theory of Functional Discourse Grammar. In addition, in this study, nominalization happens to be the most recurrent strategy of relativization, although it is not accepted as a legitimate strategy for some more formalistic authors
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D'Alarme, Gimenez Amanda. "Estratégias de relativização e classe de palavra : um estudo tipológico-funcional /." São José do Rio Preto : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86545.
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Orientador: Roberto Gomes CamachoBanca: Angel Humberto Corbera Mori
Banca: Sandra Denise Gasparini Bastos
Resumo: Este trabalho estuda a relação entre a modificação sintática mediante o uso de orações relativas e de adjetivos e a organização morfossintática das línguas da amostra no que se refere às classes de palavras, com o intuito de conduzir a uma generalização tipológica. A hipótese que se investiga é a da possível correlação entre ausência de adjetivo como classe de palavra e ausência de oração relativa como construção a serviço da modificação nominal. A principal consequência dessa correspondência é a de o nome assumir a função modificadora do adjetivo e a construção nominalizada, a função modificadora da oração relativa. Assim, duas situações alternativas são investigadas nesta pesquisa, já que parece tanto improvável que uma língua empregue uma estratégia de relativização diferente de nominalização quando ela não dispõe de adjetivos enquanto classe morfológica como provável a situação inversa, em que a ausência de adjetivos é suprida por uma oração relativa no papel de modificador nominal. Para a realização deste trabalho, adota-se o enfoque funcional, essencialmente empírico, e os dados coletados são analisados por meio de comparação translinguística. O levantamento dos dados foi realizado em duas etapas: a primeira se refere à descrição da oração relativa em cada língua indígena, destacando a estratégia de relativização empregada por ela; e a segunda, à descrição das classes de palavra nessas línguas, especialmente a dos adjetivos e a dos advérbios, posições sintaticamente mais complexas. Por se tratar de uma investigação de cunho tipológico, o corpus de análise deve ser representativo, ou seja, as línguas que o compõem devem ser distantes genética, geográfica e tipologicamente. O corpus deste trabalho é composto por 30 línguas indígenas, previamente descritas em gramáticas, teses ou em outros... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: This paper studies both the relationship between syntactic modification through the use of relative clauses and adjectives and the morphosyntactic organization of the sample languages with respect to parts of speech, in order to lead to a typological generalization. In this sense, the hypothesis under investigation is the possible correlation between the absence of the adjective as a word class and the absence of relative clauses as a construction for the nominal modification. The main consequence of this correspondence is that the noun assumes the modifier function of the adjective and that the nominalized construction assumes the modifier function of the relative clause. Thus, two alternative scenarios are investigated in this research, since it seems unlikely that a language employs a strategy of relativization different from the nominalization one when it does not have adjectives as a morphological class as likely the reverse situation, in which the absence of adjectives is supplied by a relative clause on the role of a nominal modifier. For this work, we adopt the functional approach, essentially empirical, in which data is collected by means of translingual comparison. The data collection was conducted in two stages: the first refers to the description of the relative clause in every Indian language, highlighting the strategy of relativization employed by it; and the second refers to the description of word classes in these languages, especially adjectives and adverbs, which take positions that are syntactically more complex. Because this is a typological investigation, the corpus of analysis must be representative, i.e. the languages under investigation must be genetically, geographically and typologically distant. The corpus of this work consists of 30 indigenous languages, previously described in grammar books, theses or in other descriptive materials such as manuals... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Books on the topic "Nominalization. eng"
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Fonteyn, Lauren. Categoriality in Language Change. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190917579.001.0001.
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This study presents the first elaborate attempt to set out a functional-semantic definition of diachronic transcategorial shift between the major classes “noun”/“nominal” and “verb”/“clause.” In English, speakers have different options to refer to an event by using “deverbal nominalization” strategies (e.g., Him guessing her size/His guessing of her size (was incredibly lucky)). Interestingly, not only do these strategies each resemble “prototypical” nominals to varying extents, it also has been observed that some of these strategies increasingly resemble clauses and decreasingly resemble prototypical nominals over time, as if they are gradually shifting categories. Thus far, the literature on such cases of diachronic categorial shift has mainly described the processes by focusing on form, leaving the reader with a clear picture of what and how changes have occurred. Yet, the question of why these formal changes have occurred is still shrouded in mystery. This study tackles this mystery by showing that the diachronic processes of nominalization and verbalization can also involve functional-semantic changes. The aim of this study is both theoretical and descriptive. The theoretical aim is to present a model that allows one to study diachronic nominalization and verbalization as not just formal or morpho-syntactic but also functional-semantic processes. The descriptive aim is to offer “workable” definitions of the abstract functional-semantic properties of nominals and verbs/clauses, and subsequently apply them to one of the most intriguing deverbal nominalization systems in the history of English: the English gerund.
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Whitman, John, and Yohei Ono. Diachronic interpretations of word order parameter cohesion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198747840.003.0004.
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This chapter uses statistical tools to investigate the interrelationship between typological features in the World Atlas of Language Structures Online (Dryer and Haspelmath 2013) in the WALS 201 language sample, with the objective of determining how crosscategorial word order generalizations might emerge as the result of syntactic change. Multiple Correspondence Analysis and a variety of cluster analyses show that word order features tend to group along the familiar lines of the Head Parameter. But there is an important caveat to this, previously noticed by Albu (2006): word order features in NP (e.g. [Order of noun and determiner], [Order of noun and adjective]) group separately from word order features in VP and PP, with the exception of [Order of noun and genitive]. We provide a diachronic explanation for this fact: nouns and their arguments may be reanalysed as PPs, or in the case of reanalysed nominalizations, clauses.
Book chapters on the topic "Nominalization. eng"
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Moulton, Keir. "Remarks on propositional nominalization." In Nominalization, 255–76. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0011.
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Moulton’s ‘Remarks on propositional nominalization’ investigates nominalization at the highest reaches of the extended verbal projection, finite CPs. While CPs can express propositions, Moulton puts forward the novel claim that only nominalization of CPs by a semantically-contentful N can deliver reference to propositional objects. This conclusion is in contrast to the propositional nominalization operations proposed in Chierchia (1984), Potts (2002), and Takahashi (2010). Evidence comes from a correlation between two types of D+CP constructions in Spanish (Picallo, 2002; Serrano, 2014, 2015) and the kind of propositions they can describe. Moulton then shows that a similar pattern arises in the case of exophoric propositional proforms, a novel observation. Putting the two case studies together, the following picture emerges: Natural language does not permit reference to proposition-like objects directly by adding a D to a CP, but only via some content-bearing entity (e.g. Moltmann’s (2013) attitudinal objects). In the case of propositional nominalizations, this entity must come in the form a lexical N; in the case of propositional discourse anaphora, this must come in the form of a discourse referent that bears propositional content, such as an assertion event (Hacquard, 2006). <189>
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Roeper, Tom. "Where are thematic roles?" In Nominalization, 277–308. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0012.
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In ‘Where are thematic roles? Building the micro-syntax of implicit arguments in nominalizations’, Roeper attempts an approach to capture implicit arguments in a fashion that is closely linked to the projection of verbs. Roeper argues for clitic-like projections that accompany the verb, particularly evident in nominalizations: These separate the lexical Argument-theta projections of the verb from the conditions for projecting Maximal Projections which enter into syntactic operations, while the larger pattern of subject, object, and control behavior remains consistent across the syntax and the lexicon. Roeper argues that bare nominalizations (e.g. a look, a glance, a comment) all carry argument structure capable of motivating syntactic binding. Moreover, argument projections into the Possessive of nominalizations show predictable sensitivity to passive morphemes (-ed, -able) buried inside nominalizations. They allow only an object projection in nominalized Possessives precisely as they do in verbal structures. The theory of Theta-role projection must allow projection of an AGENT to Subject in little v, Subject in TP, and Subject in Possessives, and if acquisition is efficient, it should all follow automatically from UG. Roeper then argues that impersonal passives that appear in a subset of languages call for both special syntax and a special vision of possible integration into discourse structure. <206>
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Alexiadou, Artemis, and Hagit Borer. "Introduction." In Nominalization, 1–24. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198865544.003.0001.
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The introduction to this book reviews detail the major claims put forth in RoN in 1970, and in particular, the claim that complex words, with deverbal nominals being the case at point, represent a formation that is neither predictable nor productive, and are hence lexically listed. This claim goes hand in hand, in RoN, with the claim that whatever similarities do hold between the deverbal nominal such as destruction and the verb destroy emerge from the existence of a category neutral listed form, DESTROY, which has a consistent subcategorization frame (an object in this case), which is realized identically in the syntax, in accordance with the X’-theory, and where the form DESTROY itself inherits its category from its categorial insertion context (N, V etc.). Since 1970, a rich body of studies has emerged which investigated the properties of lexical formations such as destruction and their relationship with the verb destroy, giving rise to multiple accounts of the emergence of complex words, as well as to the emergence of distinct argument structure combination in the context of nominalizations in particular, and word formation in general. Particularly influential was Grimshaw’s (1990) work, which introduced a typologically sound distinction between nominalizations with event structure (Complex Event Nominals, or Argument Structure Nominals) and nominals which lack event structure, and which may be result nominals or referential nominals or Simple Event Nominals, i.e. nouns which denote an event, but which do not have an event structure in the verbal sense (e.g. trip). More recently there has been the questioning of the partition between word formation and syntactic constituent building altogether, starting with Marantz (1997), and continuing with influential work by many of the contributors to this volume. This volume brings together a sample of contemporary approaches to nominalization, based on the historical record, but also branching into new grounds, both in terms of their syntactic approaches, and in terms of the range of languages considered.<320>
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Fonteyn, Lauren. "Conceptual (In)Dependence and the Diachronic Nominalization of ing-Forms." In Categoriality in Language Change, 149–76. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190917579.003.0007.
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In this final empirical chapter, it is shown that nominal and verbal gerunds differ in terms of their preferences for the type of verb that forms the head of nominal and verbal gerunds, with the more clause-like verbal gerund being more likely to be formed with a semantically light—and hence highly conceptually dependent—verb (e.g. Taking a shower vs. *The taking of a shower). Chapter 7, finally, also considers the semantic differences and similarities between ing-nominals with nominal and clausal structure from a broader perspective, including deverbal nominalizations in -ing that do not refer to events (and hence are not traditionally considered as nominal gerunds).
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van Schaaik, Gerjan. "Stacking embedded sentences." In The Oxford Turkish Grammar, 647–50. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198851509.003.0034.
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This chapter discusses how recursion works for several types of verbal predicates. Every verb that allows for a sentential complement based on a verb can form the core of such a complement itself. These comprise verbs of perception such as see, hear, feel and verbs of mental content such as know, remember, believe, suppose, and the like. The type of overall constituent ordering in Turkish is often characterized as subject-object-verb; the verb is preferably put at the end of the sentence and all other constituents precede it. This has important implications for the internal structure of the Turkish sentence, namely that the embedded verb in a sentential complement undergoes the process of nominalization, as is visible in suffixes signalling tense and person. Passive verbs are formed by suffixation and this explains why stacking of passive forms is quite common as well.