Academic literature on the topic 'Non-collapse'

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-collapse"

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Surridge, Chris. "Non-linear hydraulic collapse." Nature Plants 8, no. 1 (2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41477-021-01081-y.

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Santos, N. O. "Non-adiabatic radiating collapse *." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 216, no. 2 (1985): 403–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/216.2.403.

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Gawryszczak, A., J. Guzman, T. Plewa, and K. Kifonidis. "Non-spherical core collapse supernovae." Astronomy and Astrophysics 521 (October 2010): A38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/200913431.

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Kifonidis, K., T. Plewa, L. Scheck, H. Th Janka, and E. Müller. "Non-spherical core collapse supernovae." Astronomy & Astrophysics 453, no. 2 (2006): 661–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20054512.

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Kifonidis, K., T. Plewa, H. Th Janka, and E. Müller. "Non-spherical core collapse supernovae." Astronomy & Astrophysics 408, no. 2 (2003): 621–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20030863.

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Vorobyov, E. I., and S. P. Tarafdar. "Collapse of non‐isothermal, non‐adiabatic interstellar clouds." Astronomical & Astrophysical Transactions 17, no. 5 (1999): 407–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10556799908244088.

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Greenwood, Eric, and Dejan Stojkovic. "Quantum gravitational collapse: non-singularity and non-locality." Journal of High Energy Physics 2008, no. 06 (2008): 042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1126-6708/2008/06/042.

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Adler, Stephen L., and Angelo Bassi. "Collapse models with non-white noises." Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical 40, no. 50 (2007): 15083–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1751-8113/40/50/012.

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Barceló, C., L. J. Garay, and G. Jannes. "Quantum Non-Gravity and Stellar Collapse." Foundations of Physics 41, no. 9 (2011): 1532–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10701-011-9577-9.

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JOHNSEN, ERIC, and TIM COLONIUS. "Numerical simulations of non-spherical bubble collapse." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 629 (June 15, 2009): 231–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112009006351.

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A high-order accurate shock- and interface-capturing scheme is used to simulate the collapse of a gas bubble in water. In order to better understand the damage caused by collapsing bubbles, the dynamics of the shock-induced and Rayleigh collapse of a bubble near a planar rigid surface and in a free field are analysed. Collapse times, bubble displacements, interfacial velocities and surface pressures are quantified as a function of the pressure ratio driving the collapse and of the initial bubble stand-off distance from the wall; these quantities are compared to the available theory and experim
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-collapse"

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Ferialdi, Luca. "Non-Markovian collapse models." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trieste, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10077/3582.

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2008/2009<br>We introduce the measurement problem in quantum mechanics and we briefly discuss the solutions proposed in literature. We then focus our attention on models of spontaneous wavefunction collapse. We describe the two most popular models (GRW, CSL) and list other proposals. We analyze in detail a third collapse model (QMUPL), which is particularly simple (but physically meaningful) to be studied in great mathematical detail. We discuss its main properties. We also describe a "finite temperature" version of this model, which includes dissipative terms. These models are M
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von, Braun-Bates F. "Non-linear gravitational collapse in extended gravity theories." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:910fd25d-38e0-4bd4-84cf-bf5c196c8f99.

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General Relativity (GR) is one theory amongst a wider range of plausible descriptions of the Universe. The aim of this thesis is to examine the behaviour of so-called screened theories, which are designed to avoid local tests of modified gravity (MG). We establish that these theories may be treated in a unified manner in the context of halo formation. A prerequisite for this is the clarification that the quasi-static approximation can be applied in cosmologically-plausible scenarios. Amongst the plethora of MG theories, we select three, each of which exhibit a different form of screening. This
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Kgoboko, Kobamelo. "Collapse behaviour of non-ductile partially prestressed concrete bridge girders." Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09EN/09enk445.pdf.

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Amanik, Philip. "Effects of non-standard neutrino flavor changing interactions in core collapse supernovae." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2006. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3216385.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2006.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed September 5, 2006). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-89).
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Johnsen, Eric Brennen Christopher E. Colonius Timothy E. "Numerical simulations of non-spherical bubble collapse : with applications to shockwave lithotripsy /." Diss., Pasadena, Calif. : California Institute of Technology, 2008. http://resolver.caltech.edu/CaltechETD:etd-05092008-171346.

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JONES, CAITLIN ISOBEL. "Special Relativity and Spontaneous Collapse Models." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2995656.

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The work of this PhD investigates spontaneous collapse models, which are a proposed modification of quantum mechanics and their consistency with special relativity. Since soon after they were first proposed there have been many attempts to construct a relativistic collapse model, but currently there is not a satisfactory model. This thesis considers what it means for an irreversible dynamics to be consistent with special relativity and reviews the existing proposals and their issues. The key results are a demonstration of why a relativistic point-like collapse model is not possible and that
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Baradaran, Shoraka Majid. "Collapse assessment of concrete buildings : an application to non-ductile reinforced concrete moment frames." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45000.

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Existing reinforced concrete buildings lacking details for ductile response during earthquake shaking represent prevalent construction type in high seismic zones around the world. Seismic rehabilitation of these existing buildings plays an important role in reducing urban seismic risk; however, with the massive inventory of existing concrete buildings and high costs of seismic rehabilitation, it is necessary to start by identifying and retrofitting those buildings which are most vulnerable to collapse. The collapse of most non-ductile concrete buildings will be controlled by the loss of supp
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Saletes, Izella. "Cavitation par excitation acoustique bifréquentielle : application à la thrombolyse ultrasonore." Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00463267.

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Dans nombre d'applications thérapeutiques des ultrasons, il peut être intéressant d'augmenter l'activité de cavitation inertielle tout en limitant au maximum les intensités utilisées : ceci permet de maximiser les effets mécaniques des ultrasons au niveau des tissus visés tout en minimisant les échauffements des tissus environnants. L'étude expérimentale présentée ici ² porte sur la modification des seuils de cavitation inertielle et de l'activité de cavitation au-delà du seuil lorsqu'un signal bifréquentiel comportant deux composantes fréquentielles proches est utilisé. Le caractère non linéa
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Kellermann, Thorsten. "Accurate numerical relativity simulations of non-vacuumspace-times in two dimensions and applications to critical collapse." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5957/.

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This Thesis puts its focus on the physics of neutron stars and its description with methods of numerical relativity. In the first step, a new numerical framework the Whisky2D code will be developed, which solves the relativistic equations of hydrodynamics in axisymmetry. Therefore we consider an improved formulation of the conserved form of these equations. The second part will use the new code to investigate the critical behaviour of two colliding neutron stars. Considering the analogy to phase transitions in statistical physics, we will investigate the evolution of the entropy of the neutron
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Achitouv, Ixandra. "Halo mass function of dark matter halos : imprints of the initial matter density field and of the non-linear collapse." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA077245.

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Books on the topic "Non-collapse"

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1940-, Muramatsu Michio, ed. Heisei baburu sakiokuri no kenkyū =: The collapse of the 1990s bubble : research on the non-performing loan problem. Tōyō Keizai Shinpōsha, 2005.

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Spyridaki, Athina. Response Variability of Statically Determinate Beam Structures Following Non-Linear Constitutive Laws and Analytical identication of progressive collapse modes of steel frames. [publisher not identified], 2017.

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Marzbālī, Majīd ʻAbbāsʹzādah. Farhang-i siyāsī-i ghayr-i mushārakatī va suqūṭ-i ḥukūmat-i Pahlavī-i Duvvum: The non-participatory political culture and collapse of the Second Pahlavi government. Intishārāt-i Kavīr, 2018.

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Sulem, C. The nonlinear Schrödinger equation: Self-focusing and wave collapse. Springer, 1999.

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Holzhey, Christoph F. E., and Arnd Wedemeyer, eds. Errans. ICI Berlin Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37050/ci-24.

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Today’s critical discourses and theorizing vanguards agree on the importance of getting lost, of failure, of erring — as do life coaches and business gurus. The taste for a departure from progress and other teleologies, the fascination with disorder, unfocused modes of attention, or improvisational performances cut across wide swaths of scholarly and activist discourses, practices in the arts, but also in business, warfare, and politics. Yet often the laudible failures are only those that are redeemed by subsequent successes. What could it mean to think errancy beyond such restrictions? And wh
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When Democracies Collapse: Assessing Transitions to Non-Democratic Regimes in the Contemporary World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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When Democracies Collapse: Assessing Transitions to Non-Democratic Regimes in the Contemporary World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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When Democracies Collapse: Assessing Transitions to Non-Democratic Regimes in the Contemporary World. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Europe and the Collapse of Yugoslavia: The Role of Non-State Actors and European Diplomacy. I. B. Tauris & Company, Limited, 2016.

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Status and (human rights) obligations of non-recognized de facto regimes in international law: The case of 'Somaliland' : the resurrection of Somaliland against all international 'odds' : state collapse, secession, non-recognition, and human rights. M. Nijhoff, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-collapse"

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Haldon, John. "Collapse and Non-collapse." In How Worlds Collapse. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003331384-10.

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Selivanov, Victor. "Non-collapse of the Effective Wadge Hierarchy." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80049-9_40.

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Baader, Franz, and Cesare Tinelli. "Combining Equational Theories Sharing Non-Collapse-Free Constructors." In Frontiers of Combining Systems. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/10720084_17.

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Li, Alexander C., Alexei A. Efros, and Deepak Pathak. "Understanding Collapse in Non-contrastive Siamese Representation Learning." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19821-2_28.

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Smith, F. T. "Non-Linear Effects and Non-Parallel Flows: The Collapse of Separate Motion." In Stability of Time Dependent and Spatially Varying Flows. Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-4724-1_7.

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Adam, Christoph, and Clemens Jäger. "Seismic Induced Global Collapse of Non-deteriorating Frame Structures." In Computational Methods in Applied Sciences. Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0053-6_2.

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Wyman, Matthew. "Russians and Non-Russians on the Collapse of the USSR." In Public Opinion in Postcommunist Russia. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230373631_6.

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Wray, Jon. "Systemic Disease and Arrhythmias, Including Selected Non-cardiogenic Causes of Collapse." In Guide to Canine and Feline Electrocardiography. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119254355.ch23.

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Hashimoto, T., N. Nakamura, H. Shimazu, M. Gondoh, and T. Tamai. "Non-Invasive Measurement of ICP in Shunt System by Collapse Technique." In Intracranial Pressure VIII. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77789-9_200.

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Cantisani, Gaetano, and Gaetano Della Corte. "Collapse Fragility Curves for Non-residential Older Single-Storey Steel Buildings." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-03811-2_44.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-collapse"

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Barabash, Mariia, Nataliia Kostyra, and Valerii Maksymenko. "Modeling of Building Structures Resistance to Collapse Failure from Explosive Impact." In International Scientific Applied Conference "Problems of Emergency Situations". Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-csay06.

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The article is devoted to the issues of modeling and analysis of the protective structures’ designs under the influence of explosive loads. An analysis of shock waves is carried out, the nature of their propagation and impact on buildings, as well as methods for their modeling in the LIRA-SAPR software. Some proposals for preventing the collapse failure of the structure due to the impact of missile fragments are given. The article discusses different types of point explosions - air and ground. The diagram of the formation of waves during an air explosion and a characteristic wave pattern durin
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Bernal, Argelia. "Non Spherical Collapse of Scalar Field Dark Matter." In A CENTURY OF RELATIVITY PHYSICS: ERE 2005; XXVIII Spanish Relativity Meeting. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2218209.

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Özdemir, N. "Non-Adiabatic Radiating Collapse in de Sitter Spacetime." In A CENTURY OF RELATIVITY PHYSICS: ERE 2005; XXVIII Spanish Relativity Meeting. AIP, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2218235.

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DIEKS, D. "PROBABILITY IN NON-COLLAPSE INTERPRETATIONS OF QUANTUM MECHANICS." In Beyond the Quantum. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812771186_0028.

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Zhang, Shengming, and Lei Jiang. "A Procedure for Non-Linear Structural Collapse Analysis." In ASME 2014 33rd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2014-23397.

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It is a normal practice nowadays in structural engineering, including ships and offshore industry, to perform non-linear finite element analysis to assess the structure’s capacity for design or evaluation purposes. However, experience has shown that the quality and accuracy of the non-linear FE analysis results are highly dependent on the skill of the person performing the analysis and the analysis procedure used. The difference between results obtained by different people can be significant. In some cases, the results can be misleading. It is considered that a unified procedure is necessary.
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Savoia, Alessandro S., Omid Farhanieh, and Bruno Haider. "A Large-Signal Nonlinear Equivalent Circuit Model for CMUTs Operating in Collapse and Non-Collapse Modes." In 2022 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium (IUS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ius54386.2022.9957850.

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Huang, J., K. Krabbenhoft, M. Vicente da Silva, and A. V. Lyamin. "SIMULATING GRANULAR COLUMN COLLAPSE BY NON-SMOOTH CONTACT DYNAMICS." In 10th World Congress on Computational Mechanics. Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/meceng-wccm2012-18460.

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Batruny, Peter, Scott Campbell, Azral Rahim, et al. "Casing Collapse Resistance Under Long-Term, Non-Uniform Salt Loading." In ASME 2022 41st International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2022-80089.

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Abstract Collapse loads from uneven salt loading have been and remain a topic of discussion in the oil and gas industry. Studying this phenomenon requires large amounts of resources and risk for operators and casing vendors alike. As Oil and Gas exploration and development moves into deeper waters and more challenging conditions, novel ways of design need to be adopted to keep costs low and maintain well integrity throughout the well life cycle. Different methods and concepts from vendors, operators, and engineering consultants in casing design for long term salt loading have been reviewed and
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Iwamatsu, Fuminori, Katsumasa Miyazaki, and Koichi Saito. "Prediction of Collapse Load Reduction due to Non-Aligned Multiple Flaws." In ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21806.

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Abstract Fitness-for-Service (FFS) codes, such as ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessels Code, Section XI, have flaw characterization rules for evaluation of structural integrity. Since stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and thermal fatigue frequently cause multiple flaws, FFS codes should have proximity rules as a part of flaw characterization rules. The flaw characterization rules should consider fracture modes, such as brittle fracture, ductile fracture, and plastic collapse. Those in the current codes are not divided by the fracture modes. Especially, application of the current proximity rules to p
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Johnsen, Eric, Tim Colonius, Wayne Kreider, and Michael R. Bailey. "Non-Spherical Collapse of an Air Bubble Subjected to a Lithotripter Pulse." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43156.

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In order to better understand the contribution of bubble collapse to stone comminution in shockwave lithotripsy, the shock-induced and Rayleigh collapse of a spherical air bubble is investigated using numerical simulations, and the free-field collapse of a cavitation bubble is studied experimentally. In shock-induced collapse near a wall, it is found that the presence of the bubble greatly amplifies the pressure recorded at the stone surface; the functional dependence of the wall pressure on the initial standoff distance and the amplitude are presented. In Rayleigh collapse near a solid surfac
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Reports on the topic "Non-collapse"

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Baader, Franz, and Cesare Tinelli. Combining Equational Theories Sharing Non-Collapse-Free Constructors. Aachen University of Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.103.

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In a previous work, we describe a method to combine decision procedures for the word problem for theories sharing constructors. One of the requirements of our combination method is that constructors be collapse-free. This paper removes that requirement by modifying the method so that it applies to non-collapse-free constructors as well. This broadens the scope of our combi- nation results considerably, for example in the direction of equational theories corresponding to modal logics.
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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Non-Ergodic Information Physics from Quantum to Biogeophysical Complexity: Unveiling Hidden Predictability Beyond Memory Collapse. Meteoceanics, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/190301.

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Perdigão, Rui A. P., and Julia Hall. Spatiotemporal Causality and Predictability Beyond Recurrence Collapse in Complex Coevolutionary Systems. Meteoceanics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/201111.

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Causality and Predictability of Complex Systems pose fundamental challenges even under well-defined structural stochastic-dynamic conditions where the laws of motion and system symmetries are known. However, the edifice of complexity can be profoundly transformed by structural-functional coevolution and non-recurrent elusive mechanisms changing the very same invariants of motion that had been taken for granted. This leads to recurrence collapse and memory loss, precluding the ability of traditional stochastic-dynamic and information-theoretic metrics to provide reliable information about the n
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Denys and Lefevre. L51780 Interaction of Multiple Through-Thickness Defects Under Plastic Collapse Conditions Part 1. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010339.

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The objective of this research project is to generate experimental information with the aim to quantify the conservatism of current interaction rules and to develop more accurate (less conservative) rules for "thin-walled" structures under plastic collapse. The conservatism in current defect interaction rules for ductile materials has been assessed by examining the failure behaviour of 8 mm and 10 mm thick, narrow (width: 100 mm and 120 mm) and wide (width: 427 mm) plate, specimens containing two coplanar or non-coplanar through thickness notches. The test results were compared to the failure
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Denys, Waele, and Lefevre. L52239 Input to Code Revision for Interaction of Girth Weld Defects under Plastic Collapse Conditions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011348.

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A pipeline girth weld may contain one single or multiple defects. If discrete multiple notches occur, current codes define by applying proximity rules the defect dimensions to be used in an ECA. The defect interaction rules contained in pipeline specific standards are based on linear elastic fracture mechanics with conservative approximations. Similar solutions for failure by plastic collapse are non-existent. In this study, using experimental data of wide plate tests, interaction criteria for ductile girth welds containing multiple coplanar surface breaking defects are proposed. Based on a si
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Bloch, Guy, Gene E. Robinson, and Mark Band. Functional genomics of reproduction and division of labor in a key non-Apis pollinator. United States Department of Agriculture, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2011.7699867.bard.

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i. List the original objectives, as defined in the approved proposal, and any revisions made at the beginning or during the course of project. Our objectives were: 1) develop state-of-the-art functional genomics tools for B. terrestris. These resources will be then used to: 2) characterize genes and molecular pathways that are associated with reproduction, 3) characterize genes and molecular pathways associated with specialization in foraging or nursing activities, and 4) determine the extent to which juvenile hormone (JH) is involved in the regulation of reproduction and division of labor. 5)
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Denys, R. M. L51712 Fracture Behavior of Large-Diameter Girth Welds - Effect of Weld Metal Yield Strength Part II. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010121.

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Fitness for purpose girth defect assessments assume the presence of a single defect. This assumption is not always fulfilled. Welds may contain many small defects. These defects, when considered individually and without interaction, are generally innocuous. However, this may be a false conclusion as to the true strength or deformation capacity of the weld because neighbouring imperfections or defects may interact and may be more severe than each individual imperfection. When non-destructive examinations reveal multiple defects, a defect recategorisation procedure has to be applied to determine
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Ko, Yu-Fu, and Jessica Gonzalez. Effects of Low-Cycle Fatigue Fracture of Longitudinal Reinforcing Steel Bars on the Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Piers. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2328.

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Earthquakes, which can cause tremendous local stress and strain on infrastructure, can cause reinforced concrete (RC) bridges to collapse due to the concrete cracking and fracture of the steel reinforcement rebars. The fracture of longitudinal reinforcing steel due to low-cycle fatigue is one of the main causes of failure in RC structures under earthquake loading. The purpose of this research is to include the effects of low-cycle fatigue fracture of longitudinal reinforcing steel bars on the seismic performance of reinforced concrete bridge piers. To obtain a greater understanding of low-cycl
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Idrissa, Rahmane, and Bethany McGann. Mistrust and Imbalance: The Collapse of Intercommunal Relations and the Rise of Armed Community Mobilization on the Niger-Mali Border. RESOLVE Network, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37805/cbags2021.2.

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The border area of Mali, Niger, and Burkina Faso is a site of endemic violence. The area is punctuated by anti-state attacks, the targeted killing of traditional chiefs, and attacks on markets and other socioeconomic convening locales that otherwise serve as central mechanisms for the preservation of normalized intercommunal interactions. In addition, foreign military interventions and asymmetric insurgent warfare pit multiple state and non-state actors equipped with heavy weaponry against one another, adding another level of insecurity and threat to local communities. Community-based armed gr
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Snyder, Victor A., Dani Or, Amos Hadas, and S. Assouline. Characterization of Post-Tillage Soil Fragmentation and Rejoining Affecting Soil Pore Space Evolution and Transport Properties. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580670.bard.

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Tillage modifies soil structure, altering conditions for plant growth and transport processes through the soil. However, the resulting loose structure is unstable and susceptible to collapse due to aggregate fragmentation during wetting and drying cycles, and coalescense of moist aggregates by internal capillary forces and external compactive stresses. Presently, limited understanding of these complex processes often leads to consideration of the soil plow layer as a static porous medium. With the purpose of filling some of this knowledge gap, the objectives of this Project were to: 1) Identif
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