Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-Communicable Diseases

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-Communicable Diseases'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Marquez, Patricio V., and Marc Suhrcke. "Combating non-communicable diseases." BMJ 331, no. 7510 (July 21, 2005): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.331.7510.174.

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Unwin, N., and K. G. M. M. Alberti. "Chronic non-communicable diseases." Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology 100, no. 5-6 (August 2006): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/136485906x97453.

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Chapple, Iain, and Nairn Wilson. "Chronic non-communicable diseases." British Dental Journal 216, no. 9 (May 2014): 487. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.357.

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Kozelka, Ellen Elizabeth, and Janis H. Jenkins. "Renaming non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 7 (July 2017): e655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30211-5.

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Rigby, Michael. "Renaming non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 7 (July 2017): e653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30216-4.

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Zou, Guanyang, Kristof Decoster, Barbara McPake, and Sophie Witter. "Renaming non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 7 (July 2017): e656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30218-8.

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Lincoln, Paul. "Renaming non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 7 (July 2017): e654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30219-x.

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Vijayasingham, Lavanya, and Pascale Allotey. "Reframing non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 11 (November 2017): e1070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30326-1.

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Cavalin, Catherine, and Alain Lescoat. "Reframing non-communicable diseases." Lancet Global Health 5, no. 11 (November 2017): e1071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(17)30327-3.

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Schwamm, Lee H. "The communicable nature of non-communicable diseases." Lancet Neurology 17, no. 8 (August 2018): 665. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(18)30216-3.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Wright, Rosemary Jean. "Applied epidemiology of communicable and non-communicable diseases, Victoria, 2016–2017." Master's thesis, Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/154287.

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In this thesis, I present the projects and activities I have undertaken as a Master of Philosophy in Applied Epidemiology (MAE) Scholar in Victoria between February 2016 and November 2017. I was placed with the Environmental and Genetic Epidemiology Research Group at the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute (MCRI), and the Communicable Disease Epidemiology and Surveillance Unit at the Victorian Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). At MCRI I worked on the Barwon Infant Study, a birth cohort study designed to investigate how early life environment can influence the development of immune disorders and neurodevelopmental outcomes. At DHHS, I had the opportunity to lead an outbreak investigation, undertake an evaluation of a public health surveillance system, and an epidemiological study. Through these placements I experienced the day-to-day activities of a research institute and a state public health unit. At MCRI I conducted a data analysis on the prevalence of aero-allergen sensitisation in infancy in the Barwon region in Victoria. Sensitisation to aero-allergens in infancy is considered rare and as a result few studies report the prevalence in infants. My data fills this gap in the literature using data from a population-derived cohort study. I reported the findings of this study at the Training Programs in Epidemiology and Public Health Interventions Network Global Scientific Conference, and the Australasian Epidemiological Association Conference in 2017. My surveillance evaluation involved the first stakeholder consultation of the Influenza Complications Alert Network (FluCAN), which was established in 2009 as part of Australia’s response to the A(H1N1/09) pandemic in order to provide sentinel surveillance of influenza requiring hospitalisation. As part of the evaluation I made a number of recommendations to improve the usefulness and operation of the surveillance system many of which have already been implemented. I presented the outcomes of this evaluation to key stakeholders at the annual National Influenza Surveillance Committee in 2017. I conducted an epidemiological study on Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) using 15 years of Victorian data. The primary aims of this project were to describe the epidemiology of STEC in Victoria and to investigate the length of exclusion of cases in ‘high-risk’ groups (including food handlers, child and health care workers, and children attending child care) by diagnostic method. The results of this study will inform Victoria’s policy regarding the exclusion of cases in these ‘high-risk’ groups from workplaces and child care. I also conducted an outbreak investigation, including a case-control study in order to identify the source of an outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium at a Melbourne café. The results of the case-control study indicated that hollandaise sauce was the likely cause of the outbreak and led to public health action. The high proportion of cases hospitalised in this outbreak demonstrates the serious health implications of salmonellosis and the potential consequences of deficient storage and food handling processes for high-risk food products such as hollandaise sauce. In this thesis, I present my experience of the MAE program, and demonstrate my fulfillment of the requirements of the program and the contribution my work has made to public health in Victoria.
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Tang, Shenglan, John Ehiri, and Qian Long. "China's biggest, most neglected health challenge: non-communicable diseases." BioMed Central, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/610162.

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BACKGROUND:Over the past two decades, international health policies focusing on the fight against the human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS), tuberculosis (TB), malaria, and those diseases that address maternal and child health problems, among others, have skewed disease control priorities in China and other Asian countries. Although these are important health problems, an epidemic of chronic, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in China has accounted for a much greater burden of disease due to the ongoing rapid socioeconomic and demographic transition.DISCUSSION:Although NCDs currently account for more than 80% of the overall disease burden in China, they remain very low on the nation's disease control priorities, attracting marginal investment from central and local governments. This leaves the majority of patients with chronic conditions without effective treatment. International organizations and national governments have recognized the devastating social and economic consequences caused by NCDs in low- and middle-income countries, including China. Yet, few donor-funded projects that address NCDs have been implemented in these countries over the past decade. Due to a lack of strong support from international organizations and national governments for fighting against NCDs, affected persons in China, especially the poor and those who live in rural and less developed regions, continue to have limited access to the needed care. Costs associated with frequent health facility visits and regular treatment have become a major factor in medical impoverishment in China. This article argues that although China's ongoing health system reform would provide a unique opportunity to tackle current public health problems, it may not be sufficient to address the emerging threat of NCDs unless targeted steps are taken to assure that adequate financial and human resources are mapped for effective control and management of NCDs in the country.SUMMARY:The Chinese government needs to develop a domestically-driven and evidence-based disease control policy and funding priorities that respond appropriately to the country's current epidemiological transition, and rapid sociodemographic and lifestyle changes.
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Zulu, Tryphine. "Socioeconomic inequalities in non-communicable diseases in South Africa." Doctoral thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31799.

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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have reached epidemic proportions globally and in South Africa. This thesis is situated within the health equity framework. The aim is to assess the extent of wealth related inequalities in NCDs and to assess the impact of the social determinants of health in mediating these inequalities. Data from the first South African National Health and Examination Survey (SANHANES-1) and wave 4 of the South African National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) were used. The methods used include the concentration curve, concentration index and decomposition analysis to assess the drivers of socioeconomic inequality in NCDs and some causes of NCDs including smoking, obesity, high blood pressure; use of screening services and effective coverage for hypertension management. The prevalence of smokers is 18.7%, the population average BMI is 26.38 kg/m2, and the prevalence of hypertension is 29.7%. The distribution of these risk factors is pro-wealthy with concentration indices ranging from 0.048 for hypertension, 0.057 for smoking prevalence to 0.115 for obesity. While these risk factors are prevalent amongst the wealthy, the outcomes are worse amongst the poor. The concentration index for expenditure on cigarettes is strongly pro-poor, (-0.130) compared to the prowealthy smoking prevalence. The hypertensive poor suffer more severe hypertension with a concentration index of -0.054 for depth and -0.079 for severity, respectively. Obesity affects the wealthiest the most. However, the overweight adults who are poor tend to suffer more severe obesity as shown by a relatively smaller concentration index of depth (0.015) and severity (0.033) respectively. The overall utilisation of screening services is below 50% for eligible respondents. The two wealthiest quintiles benefit disproportionately more than they should, given their share of the population. This is particularly true for diabetes and cholesterol with a concentration index of 0.27 for cholesterol, 0.129 for diabetes and 0.052 for hypertension. Adults that do not take up screening services are predominantly the black race group, poor, rural, male, unemployed and uninsured. Only 23% of those with hypertension are diagnosed, on treatment and are controlled. Wealth-related variables such as education, wealth, health insurance coverage and province of residence drive most of the observed pro-wealthy inequalities in this thesis. Wealthier adults benefit to a larger extent from the care cascade, compared to the poor. Therefore, until there is a substantial increase in early diagnosis and effective treatment, high levels of mortality from NCDs will persist in South Africa. And until the poor are prioritised through radical policy change in all economic sectors, the observed inequalities will continue.
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Murphy, Georgina Anne Veronica. "Chronic non-communicable diseases and risk factors in rural Uganda." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.707995.

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Elwell-Sutton, Timothy Mark. "Inequality, inequity and the rise of non-communicable disease inChina." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B5016272X.

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Background: Rapid economic growth in mainland China has been accompanied in recent years by rising levels of inequality and a growing burden of non-communicable disease (NCD), though little is known at present about the relations between these forces. This thesis makes use of data from a large sample of older men and women in Guangzhou, one of China’s most developed cities, to examine the relations between inequality, inequity and non-communicable disease. Objectives: This thesis addresses two research questions: what is the relationship between inequality/inequity and non-communicable disease in China; and what are the implications of this relationship for health policy in China. These two questions lead to two working hypotheses: first, that inequalities may be both a cause and consequence of NCDs in China, potentially creating a vicious cycle which reinforces inequality and inequity; and second, that reducing dependence on out of pocket payments as a source of healthcare finance may help to prevent the continuation of the inequality-NCD cycle. Methods: I used data from the Guangzhou Biobank Cohort Study (GBCS), including 30,499 men and women aged 50 or over from Guangzhou and multi-variable regression methods to examine associations of socioeconomic position at four life stages (childhood, early adulthood, late adulthood and current) with several health outcomes: self-rated health, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, metabolic syndrome and markers of immunological inflammation (white blood cells, granulocytes and lymphocytes). These analyses related to the hypothesis that inequalities may be a cause of non-communicable disease in China. I also examined whether inequity may be a consequence of non-communicable disease by measuring whether horizontal inequity (deviation from the principle of equal access to healthcare for equal need) was greater for treatment of NCDs than for general healthcare. I tested this using both concentration index methods and multi-variable regression models. For comparative purposes, I conducted these analyses in data from three settings: Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Scotland (UK). Results: I found that socioeconomic deprivation across the life course was associated with poorer self-rated health, higher risk of COPD, higher white cell and granulocyte cell counts and (in women only) higher risk metabolic syndrome and higher lymphocyte cell counts. I also found evidence of pro-rich inequity in utilisation of treatment for three major non-communicable conditions (hypertension, hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia) in Guangzhou, whilst there was no evidence of inequity in general healthcare utilisation (doctor consultations and hospital admissions) or treatment of gastric ulcer. Conclusion: My findings gave qualified support for the idea that socioeconomic inequalities may contribute to some, though not all, non-communicable diseases in China. Moreover, the mechanisms which link socioeconomic inequality to NCDs in China remain unclear. My results also supported the suggestion that a rising burden of non-communicable disease may contribute to greater pro-rich inequity in healthcare utilisation, especially for conditions which are chronic and asymptomatic. As rates of NCDs continue to rise in China and other developing countries, policies to prevent and treat common NCDs may be improved by a clearer understanding of how inequality is related to non-communicable disease.
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Community Medicine
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Doctor of Philosophy
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Intrusi, Valentina. "Managing Challenges of Non Communicable Diseases during Pregnancy: An Innovative Approach." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/15675/.

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Le sfide lanciate dalle malattie non trasmissibili sono accolte da tecnologie sempre più all'avanguardia. Nonostante questo, ancora oggi gestire e monitorare gravidanze a rischio rimane un problema. La simulazione di condizioni come quella data dal diabete gestazionale, può aiutare a capire quali sono i principali fattori che influenzano l'andamento della malattia in modo da poterne evitare l'insorgenza e, in questo modo, migliorare la salute di madri e generazioni future. Questa tesi ha come obietto lo studio e il miglioramento di un sistema Agent-Based pensato per il trattamento del diabete di tipo 1 e la modellazione di una sua estensione per il diabete gestazionale. Al termine della tesi è stato migliorato il sistema rendendolo più fedele ai cambiamenti fisiologici che avvengono durante il metabolismo del glucosio e la modellazione della placenta e relativamente delle modifiche che apporta all'intero sistema getta le basi per nuovi sviluppi legati al trattamento di malattie durante il periodo di gestazione.
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Pastakia, Sonak D. "Developing self-sustainable models of care for non-communicable diseases in Kenya." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/91742/.

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Background (Kenya) Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is in the midst of experiencing an unprecedented increase in non-communicable diseases (NCD), specifically diabetes and hypertension. This shift has required public sector health systems, which have historically focused on managing acute diseases, to redesign their services to appropriately serve chronic disease needs. Issue Addressed In order to provide a description of our efforts to bring up comprehensive services for NCDs in rural Kenya within this thesis, I have specifically selected publications which target different aspects of the healthcare system. This includes our efforts related to clinical training for pharmacists, screening for NCDs, medication supply chains, remote phone-based care services, and care delivery based in the community. Prior to the implementation of the programs mentioned in these domains, access to these services was largely not available in western Kenya. Furthermore, the publication of our research from this western Kenyan cohort is designed to supplant the relatively limited research which emanates from rural sub-Saharan Africa. Research Questions For each of these selected publications, we defined a set of primary and, in some cases, secondary research questions focused on identifying the contextualized attributes of service delivery in this setting while also assessing the impact. For the first publication on training for clinical pharmacists, we assessed the impact of Kenyan Bachelor of Pharmacy interns and North American Doctor of Pharmacy interns while providing clinical care in an inpatient setting in Kenya. Our primary research question assessed whether there was a significant difference in the number of clinical interventions documented by interns from the two countries. In the second paper, we shifted our focus to outpatient care and wanted to address the uptake of different strategies of screening for diabetes and hypertension. Our primary research question assessed whether there were any significant differences in follow-up at the public sector clinic after screening positive via home-based screening (community health volunteer provides screening at your home) versus community-based screening (a community wide event is established where people voluntarily show up to receive screening) in a rural setting. In the third paper, we sought to continue to improve aspects of outpatient care by describing our model for improving access to medications. Our primary research question focused on descriptively assessing the change in availability of essential medications before and after implementation of this model. In the fourth paper, we described and assessed our model for providing intensive diabetes follow-up remotely. Our primary research question focused on whether patients experienced statistically significant improvements in blood glucose control after participating in this service for six months. In the fifth paper, we brought together various elements of our prior activities to design and evaluate the community-based model of care called BIGPIC - Bridging Income Generation through grouP Integrated Care. The primary research question for this investigation was to identify the frequency with which patients who screened positive for diabetes or hypertension linked to care. Secondary research questions compared the linkage frequency observed with this model compared to a historical control, along with a descriptive assessment of the loss to follow up, and an assessment of whether this model led to statistically significant reductions in blood pressure after 1 year of implementation. Short Summary of the Individual Papers with Results Linking Them Together Within our assessment of pharmacy training, we found that the Kenyan pharmacy interns provided statistically significantly more clinical interventions per day than their North American counterparts. This result highlighted the potential for Kenyan pharmacy providers to provide clinical services which were largely unavailable in western Kenya prior to this research. Despite the lack of the clinically focused Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum in Kenya, Kenyan pharmacy interns within the Bachelors in Pharmacy program were able to make an average of 16.7 consultations per day with the medical team compared to 12.0 per day for the North Americans. In the second paper we shifted our focus to the outpatient setting and were surprised to find that there weren’t any statistically significant differences in follow-up between home-based versus community-based screening for NCDs. This highlighted the reluctance of rural patients to travel to public sector facilities for care regardless of the screening method utilized. This realization led us to simultaneously focus on improving the reliability of services available in public sector while also trying to implement solutions to facilitate the provision of remote services for care. Within our efforts to improve medication access in paper 3, we were able to demonstrate how our revolving fund pharmacy model was able to improve access to medications from < 40% to > 90%. In paper 4, we were able to implement a self-monitored blood glucose program and demonstrate a dramatic improvement in the blood sugars of patients enrolled in the self-monitored blood glucose program with a statistically significant 31.6% absolute decline in HbA1c. The culmination of these efforts and learnings is described in paper 5, where we implemented the BIGPIC care delivery model which resulted in a statistically significant improvement in linkage to care for screened patients, a retention in care frequency of 70.3%, and a statistically significant mean decline in the systolic blood pressure of 21mmHg (95% CI 13.9-28.4, P < 0.01).
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Vlasyk, L. Yu. "The behavioral risk factors of major non-communicable diseases among economically active population." Thesis, БДМУ, 2020. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/18309.

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Angkurawaranon, C. "Urbanization and internal migration as risk factors for non-communicable diseases in Thailand." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2015. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2267958/.

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Urbanization, which is driven mainly by the expansion of cities and urban migration, is considered one of the key drivers of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries. This research aims to investigate the patterns and associations between different levels of urban exposures and NCD risk factors, NCD morbidity and NCD mortality in Thailand, to better understand the mechanisms underlying the link between urbanization and NCD in Thailand. Using several study designs and analytical techniques, the research described in this thesis found that the process of migration and living in an urban environment were associated with lower social trust and higher levels of emotional problems. Urban environments were also associated with behavioural and physiological risk factors for NCDs, including smoking, heavy alcohol consumption, inadequate physical activity, inadequate fruit/vegetable consumption, high BMI, and high blood pressure. Both early life urban exposure and accumulation of urban exposure throughout life potentially play a role in these increases in behavioural and physiological risk factors for NCDs. Early life urban exposure was also found to be associated with an increased risk of developing obesity in adulthood. Increased psychosocial, behavioural and physiological risk factors associated with living in an urban environment may not translate directly into increased prevalence of biological risk factors for NCDs (such as high cholesterol), the development of NCDs, or into NCD-related mortality. It is likely that biological risk factors for NCDs, as well as NCD incidence and mortality are more amendable to change from the positive influences of urbanization through higher socioeconomic status and potential access to better health care.
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Viali, Satupaitea Public Health &amp Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Trends and development of non-communicable diseases and risk factors in Samoa over 24 years." Awarded By:University of New South Wales. Public Health & Community Medicine, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40404.

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Abstract inserted as part of Final MPH Thesis: Non-Communicable Diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers and others, have become the major cause of premature death, morbidity and disability in many Pacific countries including Samoa. These are linked by common preventable risk factors like obesity, hypertension, smoking, unhealthy diets and physical inactivity. OBJECTIVES: To determine the trends and development of Non-Communicable diseases and its risk factors in Samoa over the last 24 years using the recently developed diagnostic criteria. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This research thesis combines 3 large surveys that were done in 1978, 1991, and 2002, looking at the trends in the prevalence of diabetes, and the prevalence of the NCD risk factors such as blood pressure, obesity, cholesterol and smoking. The 3 survey samples were selected randomly from around similar regions (Urban Upolu, Rural Upolu, and Rural Savaii) of Samoa in 1978, 1991 and 2002, with a total of 5973 individuals (1978 survey = 1467; 1991 survey = 1778; 2002 survey = 2728) available for the thesis analysis. The 1978 and 1991 data sets were secured from Professor P Zimmet, and the 2002 STEPs survey data set was secured from the Samoa Ministry of Health. The 3 surveys methodologies, survey procedures, questionnaires and anthropometric measurements were similar though the diagnostic criteria used to measure obesity slightly differ between the surveys. The blood pressure measurements were similar though the diastolic blood pressure measure in 1978 was higher. The 1978 and 1991 surveys used fasting venous blood sampling to measure fasting plasma glucose, and cholesterol levels at the laboratory. OGTT was also used in 1978 and 1991, but not 2002. The 2002 survey used capillary sampling to measure fasting glucose using a glucometer, and cholesterol level using a cholesterol meter. The combined data was then cleaned, standardized and matched with each survey, to make analysis easier. The recent diagnostic criteria were then applied to all the surveys to diagnose diabetes (1999 WHO Diabetes Criteria), hypertension (WHO 1999, JNC-VII 2003, NHF 1999 Hypertension Criteria), obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m??), and hypercholesterolaemia. The prevalences using the recent diagnostic criteria were then mapped out. RESULTS: The overall age-standardized prevalence of type 2 diabetes (known or previously unknown) utilizing the current 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria for men and women ≥20 years of age has increased from 5.4% (males 4.8%, females 5.9%) in 1978, to 12.0% (males 10.9%, females 13.5%) in 1991, and to 20.1% (males 17.2%, females 22.2%) in 2002. Among the individuals with diabetes in the 3 surveys, more than 60% had previously undiagnosed diabetes. Compared with the 1978 survey, the diabetes prevalence in 2002 represents a 4-fold increase over the 24 year period. This has occurred along with increasing obesity, urbanization and modernization, aging, cultural changes, and changes in physical activity. There is a high prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension defined by the WHO 1999 and JNC-VII 2003 criteria was 47.2% in 1978, 22.5% in 1991, and 24.0% in 2002. The high prevalence of hypertension in 1978 was due to the method used for recording diastolic blood pressure. Hypertension was more common in the urban regions than rural regions in 1978 and 1991 while in 2002, there was no statistical difference between the rates of hypertension between the different regions due to the rise in the prevalence rate of hypertension in rural regions. There is a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in Samoa. Using the WHO classification for BMI, there was an increase in obesity (BMI ≥ 30kg/m??) prevalence in Samoa in the last decade, increasing steeply from 34.9% in 1978 to 51.3% in 1991, and slowing down to an increase to 57.4% in 2002. The prevalence of obesity is significantly higher in females compared with their male counterparts. The overweight prevalence (BMI 25-29.9kg/m??) was 34% in 1978, 31% in 1991 and 29% in 2002. The prevalence of obesity has increased by 65% from 1978 to 2002 with an increase of 47% from 1978 to 1991, and 12% from 1991 to 2002. Prevalence of obesity is increasing with age and is more of a problem in women than men. It is higher in the urban regions but there has been a faster rise in obesity prevalence in rural regions from 1978 to 2002 as the rural regions become urbanized. The prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia (total cholesterol ≥ 5.2 mmol/l) was 30.5% in 1978, and this increased to 51.1% in 1991. There was a marked decline of hypercholesterolaemia in 2002 (14.4%), which may be due to differences in the method of measurement. Although smoking prevalence remains high in Samoa it declined significantly from 42.4% 1978 to 35.3% 1991 but remained essentially steady at 38% in 2002. There was a significant gender difference in smoking with about 60% of men and 20% of women smoking regularly. CONCLUSION: Samoa is experiencing an increasing problem with Non-Communicable diseases like diabetes and some of its risk factors. Diabetes prevalence has dramatically increased by 4-fold in the last 24 years. The prevalence of hypertension has stabilized around 23% though there was a decrease from 1978. The prevalence of obesity has also increased. Smoking prevalence has slightly increased from 1991 to 2002 with a significant number of the population smoking. Hypercholesterolaemia is more common in 1991 with an apparent decrease in 2002. These findings have important implications for public health efforts and policy developments to contain the epidemic of Non-Communicable diseases in Samoa.
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Books on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Hurster, Madeline M. Communicable and non-communicable disease basics: A primer. Westport, Conn: Bergin & Garvey, 1997.

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Ogola, Elijah N. Medicine: Non-communicable diseases in adults. 2nd ed. Nairobi: African Medical and Research Foundation, 2006.

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Anand, K. National non-communicable diseases control programme. New Delhi: National Institute of Health and Family Welfare, 2003.

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Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in developing countries. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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Barh, Debmalya. Precision Medicine in Cancers and Non-Communicable Diseases. Edited by Debmalya Barh. Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press, 2019.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315154749.

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Cornelius, Margaret. Fiji non-communicable diseases (NCD) steps survey 2002. Suva, Fiji: Ministry of Health, 2002.

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Ghana, University of, ed. Chronic non-communicable diseases in Ghana: Multidisciplinary perspectives. Legon, Accra, Ghana: For the University of Ghana by Sub-Saharan Publishers, 2013.

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Kondo, Katsunori, ed. Social Determinants of Health in Non-communicable Diseases. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1831-7.

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Carlot-Tary, Maturine. 1998 Vanuatu non-communicable disease survey report. Nouméa, New Caledonia: Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2000.

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Organization, Swaziland World Health. Swaziland non-communicable diseases: Risk factors surveillance report, 2009. Mbabane]: World Health Organization, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Reddy, Amulya. "Non-communicable Diseases." In Handbook of Refugee Health, 275–76. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429464874-11-1.

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Baker, Richard. "Non-communicable diseases 1." In Primary Health Care and Population Mortality, 101–19. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003355380-6.

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Baker, Richard. "Non-communicable diseases 2." In Primary Health Care and Population Mortality, 120–40. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003355380-7.

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Anil, Shirin. "HEAL for Non-Communicable Diseases." In Healthful Eating As Lifestyle (HEAL), 1–26. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315368511-2.

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Collin, Jeff, Monika Arora, and Sarah Hill. "Industrial vectors of non-communicable diseases." In Global Health Governance and Commercialisation of Public Health in India, 97–107. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019. | Series: Routledge/Edinburgh South Asian studies series: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351049023-6.

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Huffman, Mark D., and Sidney C. Smith. "Global Burden of Non-Communicable, Chronic Diseases." In Prevention of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1–11. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22357-5_1.

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Liang, Lu. "Metrics and Evaluation Tools for Communicable and Non-communicable Diseases." In Sustainable Community Health, 393–431. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59687-3_12.

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Afshin, Ashkan, Renata Micha, Shahab Khatibzadeh, Laura A. Schmidt, and Dariush Mozaffarian. "Dietary Policies to Reduce Non-Communicable Diseases." In The Handbook of Global Health Policy, 175–93. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118509623.ch9.

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De Maio, Fernando. "The Burden of Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases." In Global Health Inequities, 62–77. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-40063-5_4.

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Boutayeb, A. "The Burden of Communicable and Non-Communicable Diseases in Developing Countries." In Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures, 531–46. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78665-0_32.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Thudawehewa, H. R., U. C. B. Pathmakulasooriya, W. A. P. T. Jayawardhana, C. G. Wellehewa, Chamari Silva, and Pasangi Rathnayake. "Non-Communicable Diseases Detection System." In 2021 3rd International Conference on Advancements in Computing (ICAC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icac54203.2021.9671162.

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Erna, Mutiara, and Dr Syarifah. "Non-Communicable Diseases in Medan City 2016." In 2nd International Conference on Social and Political Development (ICOSOP 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icosop-17.2018.33.

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Srinivasan, S., S. Selvakumar, Pacha Shobha Rani, and D. JayaKumar. "Performance evaluation of classifiers for non communicable diseases." In 11TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE (AIC) 2021: On Sciences and Engineering. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0110516.

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Rahmy, Hafifatul Auliya, Azrimaidaliza, Eva Yuniritha, and Rifza. "Blended Learning Development of Non-Communicable Diseases Dietetics Subject." In The 3rd International Conference on Educational Development and Quality Assurance (ICED-QA 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210202.060.

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Sangkatip, Worawith, and Jiratta Phuboon-Ob. "Non-Communicable Diseases Classification using Multi-Label Learning Techniques." In 2020 5th International Conference on Information Technology (InCIT). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/incit50588.2020.9310978.

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Mutiara, E., Syarifah, and L. D. Arde. "Risk Factors of Non-communicable Diseases in Medan City." In International Conference of Science, Technology, Engineering, Environmental and Ramification Researches. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010081006210627.

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Sadomo, Resafina, and Lukman Fauzi. "Non-Communicable Diseases in Indonesia: Prevalence and Risk Factor." In Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Sports, Health, and Physical Education, ISMINA 2021, 28-29 April 2021, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-4-2021.2312234.

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Dakshima, D. D. T. D., K. Seliya Mindula, R. M. S. J. Rathnayake, Sanvitha Kasthuriarachchi, A. K. Buddhi Chathuranga, and Dilani Lunugalage. "Health Care – A Personalized Guidance for Non-Communicable Diseases." In 2022 4th International Conference on Advancements in Computing (ICAC). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icac57685.2022.10025109.

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Davis-Street, Janis, Perla Manlapaz, Amelia Shannon, and Olubukunola Adebola Fagade. "Addressing Cardiovascular Disease Global Employer's Approach to Non- Communicable Diseases." In International Conference on Health, Safety and Environment in Oil and Gas Exploration and Production. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/156849-ms.

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NGOM, Fatou, Ibrahima FALL, Mamadou S. CAMARA, and Alassane BAH. "A study on predicting and diagnosing non-communicable diseases: case of cardiovascular diseases." In 2020 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscv49265.2020.9204022.

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Reports on the topic "Non-Communicable Diseases"

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Baskoro, Danang, Leonardus Gandawijaya, and Kwartarini Yuniarti. Hypnotic Based Intervention for people with Non-Communicable Diseases : A scoping review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.3.0040.

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Ng, Shu Wen, Thomas Hoerger, and Rachel Nugent. Preventing Non-communicable Diseases Using Pricing Policies: Lessons for the United States from Global Experiences and Local Pilots. RTI Press, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.pb.0025.2105.

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Preventing non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in an effective and sustainable way will require forward-looking policy solutions that can address multiple objectives. This was true pre–COVID-19 and is even more true now. There are already examples from across the globe and within the United States that show how these may be possible. Although there are still many unknowns around how the design, targeting, level, sequencing, integration, and implementation of fiscal policies together can maximize their NCD prevention potential, there is already clear evidence that health taxes and particularly sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes are cost-effective. Nonetheless, policies alone may not succeed. Political will to prioritize well-being, protections against industry interference, and public buy-in are necessary. If those elements align, pricing policies that consider the context in question can be designed and implemented to achieve several goals around reducing consumption of unhealthy SSBs and foods, narrowing existing nutritional and health disparities, encouraging economic and social development. The US and its local and state jurisdictions should consider these pricing policy issues and their contexts carefully, in collaboration with community partners and researchers, to design multi-duty actions and to be prepared for future windows of opportunities to open for policy passage and implementation.
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Kapoor, Rati, Nishmeet Singh, Phuong Hong Nguyen, S. K. Singh, L. K. Dwivedi, Sarang Pedgaonkar, Parul Puri, Alka Chauhan, Shweta Khandelwal, and Sylvie Chamois. How is India doing on malnutrition and non-communicable diseases? Insights from the National Family Health Surveys 2005-06 to 2019-21. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/p15738coll2.136565.

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Fraanje, Walter, and Tara Garnett. What is ultra-processed food? And why do people disagree about its utility as a concept? Edited by Helen Breewood. Food Climate Research Network, July 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/ca3e86f2.

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The increasing consumption of industrially processed convenience foods, soft drinks, and fast foods has been associated with a rise in non-communicable diseases, overweight and obesity. This building block explores the concept of ultra-processed food: how it has been defined, and differing views as to whether it is a useful way of thinking about food and its relation to health and wider sustainability concerns.
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Zhang, Mingzhu, Wujisiguleng Bao, Luying Sun, Zhi Yao, and Xiyao Li. Efficacy and safety of finerenone in chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0020.

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Review question / Objective: To assess the beneficial effect and safety of finerenone for patients with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. Condition being studied: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality from non-communicable diseases, affecting almost 700 million people worldwide. Approximately 40% of patients with diabetes have CKD, which exposes them to a 3-fold higher risk of cardiovascular death versus those with T2D alone. Strategies to protect the kidneys of patients with CKD and T2D may reduce their risk of cardiovascular events. Finerenone, a nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, reduced composite kidney and cardiovascular outcome in trials involving patients with chronic kidney disease. Recently, quite a few clinical studies have been conducted to compare finerenone and placebo. Our meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of finerenone in chronic kidney disease associated with T2D. 1st author* - Mingzhu Zhang and Wujisiguleng Bao contributed equally to this study.
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FEDOTKINA, S. A., O. V. MUZALEVA, and E. V. KHUGAEVA. RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/978-0-615-67320-2-4-22.

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Introduction. The economic losses associated with disability due to diseases of the circulatory system, as well as the costs of providing medical care to patients suffering from heart and vascular diseases, are increasing annually. The state preventive measures currently being carried out are of a delayed nature. The results of the medical examination of the population of the Russian Federation in recent years (2015-2019) indicate that the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, is at a fairly high level. In the middle of the last century, the Concept of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases were formulated, in the structure of which cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension, occupies one of the primary positions. The concept is based on the results of promising epidemiological studies, and, at present, is a methodological basis for planning and organizing primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study. Based on the analysis of literary sources (including foreign ones) containing experience in the use of telemedicine technologies, to assess their significance for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, as well as forecasting improvements in the quality of medical care when adapting to the use of clinical recommendations. Materials and methods. The article provides an analytical review of the use of modern telemedicine technologies in the prevention of hypertension. The results of the study and their discussion. The analysis of literary sources has shown that in the context of the progress of information and telecommunication technologies in the healthcare system, a fundamentally new direction has appeared in the organization and provision of medical care to the population - telemedicine, which will ensure the modern level of prevention, detection and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases, and also determines positive medical, social and economic performance indicators. To date, updates in the legislative framework of the Russian Federation are aimed at ensuring that medical care with the use of telemedicine technologies is more widespread, taking into account the standards of medical care and clinical recommendations. Conclusion. Based on a review of literature sources, it has been established that the modern solution to the problem of improving the quality of medical care for patients, including those with hypertension, diseases is medical care using telemedicine technologies that prove their medical, social and economic effectiveness.
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Bloom, David, Elizabeth Cafiero, Mark McGovern, Klaus Prettner, Anderson Stanciole, Jonathan Weiss, Samuel Bakkila, and Larry Rosenberg. The Economic Impact of Non-Communicable Disease in China and India: Estimates, Projections, and Comparisons. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w19335.

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van Walbeek, Corné, and Senzo Mthembu. The Likely Fiscal and Public Health Effects of an Excise Tax on Sugar sweetened Beverages in Kenya. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.007.

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Historically, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have typically been associated with tobacco and alcohol use. However, in recent decades increased levels of overweightness and obesity, mostly caused by poor eating habits and a sedentary lifestyle, have increased diabetes, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases. There is a general agreement that sugar sweetened beverages (SSBs) are bad for one’s health. As such, measures to reduce their consumption would be expected to positively impact population health. In this working paper, we develop and report on an Excel-based model, in which we simulate the impact of an SSB tax on the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The model starts with a baseline scenario, which takes cognisance that a 10 KES specific tax already exists on all soft drinks. A sugar-based SSB tax is then introduced. The tax is levied as an amount per gram of sugar, with or without a tax-free threshold. Other than reducing the demand for SSBs, a sugar-based SSB also creates strong incentives for manufacturers to reformulate their products to reduce the sugar content. The model predicts that the average BMI would decrease across all age groups decreasing the prevalence of overweightness and obesity. The magnitude of the decrease in the prevalence of overweightness and obesity depends on the size of the SSB tax. For realistic and politically feasible values of the SSB tax, the prevalence of overweightness and obesity is expected to decrease by between 5 per cent and 10 per cent. Should Kenya implement a sugar-based tax on SSBs, over and above the current excise tax on soft drinks, the government should clarify that such a tax aims to enhance public health; raising additional revenue should be a secondary consideration. Also, implementing a sugar based SSB tax should be part of a more comprehensive strategy to reduce overweightness and obesity, because by itself the impact of the tax is modest.
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Proceedings report Changing patterns of Non-Communicable Diseases. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf/0008.

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