To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Non-contributory pension.
Journal articles on the topic 'Non-contributory pension'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Non-contributory pension.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Makochekanwa, Albert, Cheure Cheure, Moses Chundu, and Elisha Mavodyo. "A Informal Sector Self-Employed Workers’ Old Age Pension Scheme in Retail Sector in Zimbabwe." Journal of Social Development Studies 5, no. 1 (2024): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsds.12026.
Full textAbstract:
The high incidence of informality in Zimbabwe implies that a large proportion of the adult population does not have access to contributory pension schemes during their working lives, rendering them ineligible for old-age pensions. The primary goal of this research is to develop a pragmatic informal retail sector noncontributory old-age pension scheme in Zimbabwe. The study drew empirical evidence from a comprehensive countrywide study using mixed-methods research. The study concluded that several factors, including the respondents' demographic characteristics, are important considerations in developing an effective non-contributory old-age informal sector pension scheme. Based on the study's findings, the study proposes alternative non-contributory old-age informal sector pension schemes, such as financing the non-contributory old-age social pension, determining the monthly amount of a non-contributory old-age pension, and gradually covering a non-contributory old-age pension gap. The study recommends the introduction of a non-contributory informal sector retirement pension fully funded by the government. Keywords: retail informal sector old-age pension scheme; social security; informal sector; Zimbabwe.
2
Шрам, Валерий, and Valeriy Shram. "PENSION INSURANCE REFORM IN CROATIA AT THE PRESENT STAGE." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 1, no. 4 (2015): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14270.
Full textAbstract:
The article analyzes the pension insurance reform in Croatia, which marked the beginning of a three-level pension system formation. The first level includes old-age pensions, disability pension and survivors pension as part of the compulsory pension insurance system. The second level includes pensions on the basis of the compulsory pension insurance with a saving element. The third level is based on the voluntary pension insurance system. The author reveals the conditions for granting non-contributory pensions, non-contributory pensions with a saving element as well as conditions for granting funded pensions. The article analyses the new formula for calculation of non-contributory (funded) pensions, which was initially introduced as part of the Pension Insurance Law in 1998. The article displays fundamental changes in the pension insurance system, which led to the formation of compulsory pension funds and non-governmental pension funds. Special attention is paid to the formation in compulsory pension funds of capitalized savings of the insured parties as part of the compulsory pension insurance and to the procedures for payment of funded pensions with a saving element. The article reveals the reasons for adopting in 2013 and 2014 of pension laws, the implementation of which will determine the improvement of the pension insurance system in Croatia. The article reviews the conditions for the formation of compulsory and voluntary pension funds. Special attention is paid to the participation of the insured parties aged up to 40 years in compulsory pension funds, which are divided into three categories depending on the extent of risk management during investing of the insured parties’ savings. Besides general scientific methods (analysis and synthesis), the author also applied in the article private law research techniques, in particular, formal logical, theoretical, comprehensive legal, historical and comparative law methods. Scientific novelty of the work is in its integrative and comprehensive approach to the analysis of the Croatian pension system development, which is formed on the basis of a three-level system of pension insurance. The analysis of the pension insurance norms and law enforcement practice in the modern period is of great scientific and practical importance. The research findings should contribute to the development of proposals on the creation in the Russian Federation of a pension system, which is adequate to the country’s modern social-economic development and which complies with the international and legal standards of social security and foreign states’ experience.
3
Arza, Camila. "Non-Contributory Benefits, Pension Re-Reforms and the Social Protection of Older Women in Latin America." Social Policy and Society 16, no. 3 (2016): 361–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746416000208.
Full textAbstract:
Gender inequalities are a key issue for most pension systems in Latin America. Contributory pension schemes that link benefit entitlements to work and earnings tend to reflect in the benefits they offer the gender gaps that prevail in the labour market. This deepened with the implementation of individual private accounts as part of structural pension reforms in a number of countries. This article evaluates how recent pension policies, including measures geared to coverage expansion and so-called pension ‘re-reforms’, have addressed gender gaps in pensions in four Latin American countries. It shows that the expansion of non-contributory pensions and a greater emphasis on redistribution are important for the protection of older women in a context of gendered labour markets and the unequal distribution of paid and unpaid work between women and men. Looking at the cases of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil and Chile, the article identifies progress but also the persistence of gender gaps in pensions and emphasises the need for further measures to promote adequate social protection for older women.
4
Müller, Katharina. "Post-Socialist Pension Reform: Contributory and Non-Contributory Approaches." Public Finance and Management 5, no. 2 (2005): 287–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210500500207.
Full textAbstract:
The pension reforms that were enacted in Central-Eastern Europe and the Former Soviet Union in the past decade reflect considerable diversity, but share one common feature: a move from a universalist-redistributive heritage to strongly differentiated, earnings-related benefits, with an emphasis on contributory financing. the differences in level and scope of old-age protection are widening, however, as plummeting formal employment translates into sharply decreasing coverage ratios. Thus, the importance of the existing non-contributory benefits for the elderly, that currently play a relatively marginal role in the post-socialist world, may soon be increasing.
5
Bassey, Ebong Itoro, Monday Akpakpan, and Nkereuwem Bassey Etok. "Pension Reforms and Pensioners 'Welfare in Nigeria: A Study of Contributory Pension Scheme." International Journal of Contemporary Issues and Trends in Research 1, no. 3 (2023): 42–71. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10477415.
Full textAbstract:
<strong>Abstract</strong>This research aims to analyze the influence of contributory pension schemes on the welfare of retirees in Nigeria. The plight of public sectors pensioners who have devotedly served the nation has been a cause of significant concern throughout history. Existing literature on pension reform and workers' welfare in Nigeria's public sectors illustrates the continued hardships faced by pensioners after retirement, despite variousreforms and changes in pension schemes. Regrettably, the newly adopted contributory pension system has failed to provide relief to retirees, resembling its predecessor in shortcomings and leading to a loss of confidence among many retirees regarding the employer insincerity, inaccurate record-keeping leading to corruption, lack of funding and non-payment of pensions, significantly dampening retirees' welfare. Against this backdrop, the study investigates the extent to which the contributory pension reform has impacted the welfare of retirees in selected Federal Establishments in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, the research adopted survey and descriptive research designs, drawing data from both primary and secondary sources. The productive theory of pension developed by Dorsey, Cornwel, and Mapherson in 1998 was utilized as thetheoretical framework. Among the study's findings was the identification of issues such as non-remittance of the 7.7% counterpart contribution by most employers, payment delays, weak administration, lack of record-keeping, and corruption, which reminiscent the major features of the old pension models. As a result, the study recommends, among others, the efficient management of investments in the pension fund to achieve asufficient, robust return on investment, ultimately enhancing the welfare package for retirees in Nigeria.
6
Rajevska, Olga. "Theoretical Old-Age Pension Benefits and Replacement Rates in the Baltic States: A Retrospective Simulation." Economics and Business 28, no. 1 (2016): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eb-2016-0002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The author presents a comparative analysis of old-age pension systems in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania using a method of retrospective simulation run on a self-developed model. The model baseline case is a person retiring in December 2014 after 40 years of service with nationwide average salary. Other cases include low and high-earners, funded schemes participants and simulations for modified notional capital valorisation formulae. Three study countries return very dissimilar results, which is caused by differences in their pension systems’ designs. Lack of non-contributory element (basic pension) in Latvia leads to a low degree of progressivity, with inexcusably low pensions to low-earners and excessively generous pensions to high-earners. Participation in funded pillar II schemes has not brought any significant gains to pension plan sharers. Notional capital valorisation rules adopted in different countries that use the NDC-system significantly influence pension amount.
7
HILLS, JOHN. "Heading for Retirement? National Insurance, State Pensions, and the Future of the Contributory Principle in the UK." Journal of Social Policy 33, no. 3 (2004): 347–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279404007743.
Full textAbstract:
This article discusses the implications of the decline of National Insurance in Britain, witnessed by its declining share of social security spending and steady dilution of the ‘contributory principle’ on which it was originally based. This decline is not accidental: under governments of the Left, arguments for inclusion have predominated, non-contributory benefits expanded and contribution conditions softened; under those of the Right, limited resources have been focused on the poorest through means-testing. From this starting point, the strong arguments in principle for social insurance look much weaker. However, there are also reasons why the system has not been swept away, notably the way in which most of it concerns already accrued state pension rights.The effect of current plans for state pensions is to restore something closer to a flat rate state pension, but with significant complexity. The article suggests a way in which a more transparent system could guarantee a total state pension at a fixed percentage of average earnings. Other National Insurance benefits could either be separated from pensions and absorbed within other working age social security, or the scope of National Insurance could be maintained, but based on a test of participation, not past contributions.
8
Carmeli, Ayelet. "Labor, Arms, and Homes." Israel Studies Review 38, no. 1 (2023): 74–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/isr.2023.380105.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Financial, work-based contributions underly entitlement to pension benefits in Israel. This article examines the historical development of the pension system in Israel, including the pensions of long-term military veterans and Jewish immigrants, expanding the notion of ‘contribution’ beyond its initial meaning of work-based financial accumulation. Specifically, it shows that both before and after the erosion of the union-protected contributory rationale in the 1990s, an alternative path to pension entitlement has operated through non-financial, political-symbolic contributions. The analysis emphasizes the importance of sectoral organizations for the broader analysis of social policy, and for understanding the structure of “social citizenship” and its discriminatory implications in Israel.
9
Altamirano, Alvaro, María Laura Oliveri, Mariano Bosch, and Waldo Tapia. "Calculating the redistributive impact of pension systems in Latin America and the Caribbean." Oxford Open Economics 4, Supplement_1 (2025): i510—i533. https://doi.org/10.1093/ooec/odae030.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper analyzes implicit subsidies in pension systems across Latin America and the Caribbean. First, we find that pension systems are designed to be progressive by granting a higher replacement rate to low-income workers than high-income workers. However, because all systems subsidize pensions beyond what an actuarially fair system would produce, the absolute subsidies are larger for high-income individuals. Second, using data from Colombia, Chile, El Salvador, Paraguay and Uruguay, we show that, in practice, pension systems tend to be regressive rather than progressive. This is because low-income workers, who contribute intermittently, typically receive no pension as they fail to meet the minimum contribution levels. In some defined benefit systems, 70–95% of subsidies are concentrated in the top three labor income deciles. In defined contribution systems, subsidies are less regressive, but 50–60% still concentrate on high-income deciles. Lastly, non-contributory pensions partially offset the regressivity of pension systems.
10
Charlton, Roger. "Social Security beyond Pension Reform." Public Finance and Management 5, no. 2 (2005): 354–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210500500201.
Full textAbstract:
This concluding essay expresses optimism over possibilities for the emergence of a new consensus on policies to address the needs of poor older people world-wide as a prioritized element within wider strategies both to close the global social security coverage gap and to reform the management and delivery of social protection. However, it tempers this optimism with caution over prospects for their easy implementation. This caution, in part, stems from the lasting implications of the pensions reform agenda pursued from the mid-1990s which undermined the principles and practice of state-managed contributory social security. Moreover, implementation of ambitious, but also urgently needed, social pension reform programmes designed to extend coverage radically by providing older people in even the poorest countries with small, but regular, cash incomes will not be automatic, and, given existing, well entrenched, donor approaches and arrangements, will require significant amounts of new donor money to be found. Since remedial programmes designed to address the global coverage crisis will be based on non-contributory principles, their adoption threatens further to marginalize already weakened contributory social security institutions. Particular care, therefore, needs to be taken to involve the Geneva institutions if the new era of pension reform is not to repeat the mistakes of its predecessor and, specifically, is to lead to the wider reform and strengthening of social security provision world-wide.
11
Nutsubidze, Tamila, and Khatuna Nutsubidze. "The challenge of pension reform in Georgia: Non-contributory pensions and elderly poverty." International Social Security Review 70, no. 1 (2017): 79–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/issr.12129.
Full text
12
Li, Jiabing, and Zhixuan Hu. "A study on the current situation of the pension system in Cambodia." Critical Review of International Social and Political Philosophy 1, no. 1 (2025): 8. https://doi.org/10.63313/crispp.4001.
Full textAbstract:
Cambodia's pension system is gradually developing towards modernization and sustainability within the framework of the Social Security Law, adopting a mul-ti-pillar structure that includes a universal non-contributory social pension, a contributory defined benefit (DB) plan, and an optional funded contributory (DC) plan based on voluntary contributions. As the main operating institution, the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) is responsible for managing social se-curity programs for private sector employees, including work-related injury insurance, health insurance, and pensions.However, there are significant dif-ferences in the coverage of Cambodia's pension system between formal and in-formal sectors. Workers in the informal sector, accounting for 90% of the labor force, are mostly excluded from the pension system. In addition, the sustainabil-ity of the pension system is facing financial pressures brought by population aging and the impact of macroeconomic fluctuations. To address these challeng-es, this paper proposes reform suggestions such as strengthening the financial management of the pension system, expanding the coverage of the pension sys-tem, and optimizing the investment strategy of the pension system. Through the implementation of these comprehensive measures, the Cambodian government will be able to effectively expand the coverage of pension schemes, improve management efficiency, provide more reliable livelihood security for the elderly, and promote social stability and sustainable economic development.
13
Rajevska, O., and F. Rajevska. "Why the share of small amount pensions is so substantial in Latvia?" SHS Web of Conferences 40 (2018): 03011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184003011.
Full textAbstract:
More than 70% of all old-age pensions in Latvia are smaller than 300 euro, which is close to the monetary value of the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. There is a number of reasons for it: the lack of non-contributory component and inadequately low minimum pensions, the absence of redistribution mechanisms in the mandatory notional defined contribution (pillar I) and funded (pillar II) schemes, an unfair conversion of pre-reform employment record into pension formula, and a high tax burden on pensioners. The authors proposed a package of measures to improve the situation: an introduction of basis pensions, linking minimum pensions to the country average wages, increasing income tax exempt for pensions, restoration of the supplements for pre-reform employment and their regular indexation, removal of the threshold in initial notional pension capital calculation or its reduction from 30 to 20 years.
14
Seekings, Jeremy. "‘Pa's Pension’: The Origins of Non-contributory Old-age Pensions in Late Colonial Barbados." Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 35, no. 4 (2007): 529–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03086530701667476.
Full text
15
EGYE, AHMED USMAN, and RAZLINI MOHD RAMLI. "CONTRIBUTORY PENSION SCHEME AND EMPLOYEES’ PRODUCTIVITY IN THE NIGERIAN PUBLIC SERVICE: A THEORETICAL REVIEW." Quantum Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities 5, no. 5 (2024): 189–205. https://doi.org/10.55197/qjssh.v5i5.447.
Full textAbstract:
The focus of this paper is the understanding of the impact of the contributory pension scheme on workers productivity and its importance considering the fact that productivity of workers is key determinant of organizational efficiency and effectiveness. Hence, the significance of increasing levels of productivity for the well-being of nations, sectors, enterprises, and individuals cannot be overstated. Pension plays a crucial role in enhancing the well-being of workers during their elderly years by providing them with a source of income. Also, pension encourages workers’ loyalty to continue working for the organisation and thereby lessens employers’ cost of recruitment and training associated with high labour turnover. The paper adopts the exploratory and content method analysis of various relevant literatures to review the concepts of contributory pension scheme and employee productivity in the Nigerian public service. It concludes that the implementation of the scheme is hampered by challenges of delay in payment of retirees’ benefits, lack of adequate investment of pension funds and low monthly pension paid to pensioners. Also, retired employees in the Nigerian public service find it difficult to access their retirement benefits as and when due, thereby making life difficult for them and the ugly situation occupied the minds of workers in Nigeria and has contributed to low productivity in the service. The review of the Act establishing the contributory pension scheme be done to address the challenges bedeviling its operations. Specifically, the National Pension Commission be empowered to regulate pension operations, criminalize non-payment of benefits to retired employees, enhance fund management, increase employee involvement, ensure profitable investment, and extend pension coverage to the informal sector.
16
Vera, Zamora Priscila Alejandra. "Seguridad económica y mecanismos de protección en adultos mayores: Un estudio del Programa de Pensión Social '65 y más' en Nuevo León (México)." GIGAPP Estudios Working Papers 10, no. 290 (2025): 753–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15321808.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the factors influencing the economic vulnerability of the elderly population participating in the "65 y Más" social pension program in Nuevo León, Mexico. The goal of this research is to identify protection and prevention mechanisms that can be implemented to improve the quality of life of older adults in this program. Given the increasing number of elderly individuals experiencing economic hardship, the study focuses on understanding how social pension policies can alleviate their vulnerability. To achieve this, a comprehensive review of existing literature on the subject was conducted, followed by a qualitative cross-sectional study using semi-structured interviews with elderly participants. The selection of participants was based on intentional non-probabilistic sampling, ensuring a diverse representation of both high and low socioeconomic groups. The interviews aimed to assess the perceived effectiveness of the "65 y Más" program in addressing issues of economic insecurity, healthcare access, and social inclusion among the elderly. Findings from this study will provide valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of the current pension system, as well as suggest potential improvements for enhancing the overall well-being of older adults.
17
YU, WAI KAM. "Pension reforms in urban China and Hong Kong." Ageing and Society 27, no. 2 (2007): 249–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x06005459.
Full textAbstract:
This study of recent pension reforms in Hong Kong and urban China particularly addressed three questions. What are the causes of the pension reforms in these two economies? What are their key features? What difficulties have been faced by the Hong Kong and Beijing governments during their implementation? As well as enhancing our understanding of the pension schemes in these two countries, the paper makes a contribution to the debate on whether government welfare reforms in responses to economic globalisation are converging on one pattern, an ideal mix of pension schemes. This paper shows that both convergent and path-dependent processes explain the forms of the measures introduced by the Hong Kong and Beijing governments. They have responded not only to the challenges brought by economic globalisation but also to the legacy of previous policies. Moreover, the welfare effectiveness of the new schemes has been undermined both by the two governments' non-welfare policies, particularly to promote economic growth, and by the constraints created by the previous welfare measures. The paper also argues that to develop only a non-contributory comprehensive pension scheme is not the solution to the problem of how best to provide old-age income security, but that this welfare goal principle should be more strongly upheld in pensions reforms.
18
Rosas Arellano, Jarumy. "El diseño de pensiones sociales en gobiernos locales de Iberoamérica." Revista del CLAD Reforma y Democracia, no. 71 (January 1, 2018): 189–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.69733/clad.ryd.n71.a162.
Full textAbstract:
Social pensions to old age have become a key figure in social protection schemes in the world. Its main objective is to help to the prevention of the vulnerability in which older adults can commonly incur due to the lack or the significant reduction of their economic income. Usually, social protection and, therefore, social pensions, are designed and implemented by the central government. However, local governments in Ibero-America have shown interest for this schemes in the last few years. This paper aims to perform an exploratory analysis of the design of non-contributory or social pensions implemented by local governments in Colombia, Spain and Mexico, to identify their similarities and differences and recognize their contributions to the social security strategy of these contries. A documentary review was carried out to identify the existence of local social pension schemes in the second-order governments of 28 Ibero-American countries. 21 social pension programs were identified in this region. Basing on criteria of selection and availability of information, three case studies were selected: “Subsidio Distrital para el Adulto Mayor” in Barranquilla, Colombia; “Prestación complementaria a pensión no contributiva” in Catalonia, Spain; and “Atención a los ___________________________ adultos mayores” in Jalisco, Mexico. The results highlight that the selected cases are embedded and contribute to the social protection strategy of their respective nations. It was observed that the studied cases are of recent creation and appear in local governments as social programs. The need to evaluate local social pension programs was also observed with the intention of recognizing their feasibility, impact and if they respond to the context of older adults in their territories.
19
Yakubu, Sule, Taiwo Adewale Muritala, Ahmed Oluwatobi Adekunle, and Joseph Olorunfemi Akande. "Nexus Between Pension Funds and Stock Market Sustainability Development in Nigeria." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 12 (2023): e2074. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i12.2074.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: It has long been recognized that pension systems across the emerging markets including Nigeria have undergone dramatic reforms over the last twenty-eight years. This process has mainly been fueled by the demographic problem faced by modern financial systems. Hence, this study examines the short-run and long-run dynamic of pension funds on capital market development in Nigeria using ex-post facto research design. Method: Data were collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) statistical bulletin and annual report of the pension fund commission from 1995 to 2022. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, unit root test and auto regressive lag model (ARDL) and Toda Yamamoto multivariate granger causality approach. The unit root test reveal that all the variables used in the study are non-stationary at first difference except inflation which is stationary at level. Results: The findings from the ARDL analysis reveal a short-run dynamic impact between pension funds and capital market development due to the coefficient of error correction mechanism (speed of adjustment) which is negative and significant at 5% level of significant. The result suggests that over 22% of the short run disequilibrium is corrected in the long run equilibrium. However, the results from the long-run dynamic impact reveal a positively significant impact between the proxies of pension funds (pension contributory fund, pension investment) and control variable - inflation to be positively significant with capital market development proxied by market capitalization as a ratio to GDP at 5% level of significant. The results of the Toda Yamamoto granger causality results suggest a bidirectional relationship between pension funds (pension contributory fund, pension investment) and market capitalization as a ratio of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Nigeria at aggregate level. This suggest that the relationship between pension funds (pension contributory fund, pension investment) and market capitalization as a ratio of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Nigeria was two-ways. Conclusion: The study concludes that pension fund administrators in Nigeria should understand that the rate of inflation is dynamic in Nigeria and the value of money is being lost as money is not worth it values in the next five years.
20
Olusesan, ASUBIOJO Abayomi, IGBEKOYI Olusola Esther, and DAGUNDURO Muyiwa Emmanuel. "Contributory Pension Scheme and Transitory Job Loss in Nigeria." Journal of Accounting and Financial Management 9, no. 8 (2023): 35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.56201/jafm.v9.no8.2023.pg35.45.
Full textAbstract:
Surviving the transitional period of job loss before finding a new job poses significant challenges for individuals. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate how the administration of contributory pension schemes affects transitory job loss in Nigeria. Employing an exploratory research design, this conceptual paper reviews existing literature to assess the extent of research on contributory pension schemes and transitory job loss. The study's findings revealed that individuals who lose their jobs encounter difficulties in accessing 25% of their pension contributions. These challenges arise from complex administrative procedures, non-remittance of contributions by employers, and a lack of awareness about the option to access a portion of their contributions in the Retirement Savings Account (RSA) in case of job loss. Moreover, this research indicated that contributors who experienced job loss, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, lacked a savings and investment culture, leading to financial hardship during the waiting period to access a part of their RSA contributions. It was concluded that contributors who undergo transitory job loss in Nigeria encounter obstacles in accessing their pension contributions. The study recommends that efforts should be made to simplify the administrative processes involved in accessing pension contributions to ensure a smoother withdrawal experience for contributors facing job loss.
21
Holub, Martin. "Non-contributory periods - a significant element of the czech pension reform." Politická ekonomie 57, no. 4 (2009): 471–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18267/j.polek.694.
Full text
22
Muslim, Omoleke Olujide, and Muslim Omoleke. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PENSION SCHEME IN NIGERIA AND UNITED KINGDOM: BRIDGING THE GAP." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, no. 11 (2024): e4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i11.4097.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This study conducts a comparative analysis of pension schemes in Nigeria and the United Kingdom, examining key dimensions to provide a comprehensive understanding of each system. Theoretical Framework: The research objectives focus on comparing the structural frameworks, types of pensions available (state, occupational, and personal), and adequacy of pension benefits. Method: Utilizing a non-doctrinal methodology, the study assesses investment strategies, administrative efficiency, and risk management practices to identify strengths and weaknesses. Research and Discussion: The findings reveal that the pension scheme in the United Kingdom is more robust than Nigeria's. Notably, the UK's pension scheme exhibits a gender bias, with males receiving higher income accruals than females. In contrast, Nigeria's contributory pension scheme neglects the informal sector, unlike the UK's more inclusive approach. The study's implications suggest that collaboration between Nigeria and the UK can bridge the gaps in their pension schemes. Research Implication: This research contributes to the existing body of knowledge by highlighting areas for improvement in Nigeria's pension scheme. The results provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of pension systems. Originality and Value: The comparative analysis offers a unique perspective on the strengths and weaknesses of each system, informing potential reforms. Ultimately, this study aims to promote dialogue and cooperation between Nigeria and the UK to develop more equitable and efficient pension schemes. By addressing these gaps, both countries can better ensure the financial security and well-being of their citizens in retirement.
23
Freudenberg, Christoph, and Frederik Toscani. "Informality and the Challenge of Pension Adequacy." IMF Working Papers 19, no. 149 (2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5089/9781498318525.001.
Full textAbstract:
Past reforms have put the Peruvian pension system on a largely fiscally sustainable path, but the system faces important challenges in providing adequate pension levels for a large share of the population. Using administrative microdata at the affiliate level, we project replacement rates in the defined benefit (DB) and defined contribution (DC) pillars over the next 30 years and simulate the impact of various reform scenarios on the average level and distribution of pensions. In the DB pillar, the regressive minimum contribution period should be re-thought, while in the DC pillar a broadening of the contribution base and/or an increase in contribution rates would help increase replacement rates relative to the baseline forecast of 25-33 percent. A higher net real rate of return than assumed in the baseline would also have a significant positive impact. In the medium-term, labor market reform to tackle informality, and a broad pension reform to restructure the system and avoid competition between the DB and DC pillars should be a priority. Given low pension coverage, having a strong non-contributory pillar will remain important for the foreseeable future.
24
McIlvenna, Kathleen, Douglas H. L. Brown, and David R. Green. "‘The Natural Foundation of Perfect Efficiency’1: Medical Services and the Victorian Post Office." Social History of Medicine 33, no. 2 (2019): 539–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/shm/hky123.
Full textAbstract:
Summary This article explores the creation of the Post Office medical service. Working for the Post Office was relatively well-paid and an increasing number of doctors were employed. Medical provision expanded with the introduction of non-contributory pensions from mid-century and developed into a comprehensive and nationwide service that was involved at all stages of employment, from initial recruitment through to receiving a pension. Post Office doctors assessed candidates’ fitness for work, checked on sick absences, provided free medicine and advice and visited workers’ homes. Doctors were responsible for determining whether or not a worker should be pensioned off on grounds of ill health. The career of the first Chief Medical Officer, Dr Waller Lewis, also illustrates the range of other areas in which the Post Office medical service became involved, including the clinical assessment and relief of sickness as well as identifying preventative measures to improve health outcomes.
25
FERREIRA, MONICA. "The differential impact of social-pension income on household poverty alleviation in three South African ethnic groups." Ageing and Society 26, no. 3 (2006): 337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x0600482x.
Full textAbstract:
Social pension programmes play a key role in old-age support systems through their ability to reach vulnerable older persons. Pension income helps to sustain households affected by extreme poverty and vulnerability, by providing resources for spending that protects against vulnerability, and thereby they facilitate economic and social development. Under apartheid, South Africa's citizens were categorised according to race, and persons classified as Asian, black and coloured (mixed race) had less access to the opportunities and resources available to whites. Parity in the amount of social pension benefits paid to beneficiaries in the different ethnic categories was achieved only in 1993. The Non-Contributory Pensions and Poverty Study (NCPPS), conducted in Brazil and South Africa, has assessed the impact of social pension income on household poverty alleviation. This paper draws on the findings of the South African survey to analyse the differential effects of pension income on household poverty alleviation in three ethnic-geographic groups. Its data show a pervasive social and economic gradient of disadvantage among the groups, with rural-black households being most disadvantaged, urban-coloured households least disadvantaged, and urban-black households in between. The impact of pension income on household poverty alleviation has a similar pattern. The paper concludes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for the achievement of equity through informed policy interventions.
26
Okoye, Martina. "Contribution Pension Regime in Nigeria: Obstacles and way forward." NG Journal of Social Development 14, no. 1 (2024): 206–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ngjsd.v14i1.13.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the challenges of contributory pension regime in Nigeria as well as the vision achievement rate of PenCom. The study reviewed literature and published annual reports of PenCom. The study revealed that reluctance and disbelief by workers to register with Pension Funds Administrator, compliance, benefit inadequacy, low capital formation, non-inclusion of the informal sector, overlapping regulations, and coverage are persistent challenges confronting recent pension reforms in Nigeria. In addition, it was found that the vision achievement index by PenCom is below average after 14 years of operation. The study recommends a synergy between Pension Fund Administrators, Pension Fund Custodians and PenCom in order to combat some challenges of noncompliance. In addition, these stakeholders should adopt best processes and technologies that would influence workers positively and change the unwillingness and disbelief by workers to register with Pension Funds Administration (PFAs).
27
Aguila, Emma, Mariana López-Ortega, and Luis Miguel Gutiérrez Robledo. "Non-contributory pension programs and frailty of older adults: Evidence from Mexico." PLOS ONE 13, no. 11 (2018): e0206792. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206792.
Full text
28
Shen, Ce, and John B. Williamson. "Does a Universal Non-Contributory Pension Scheme Make Sense for Rural China?" Journal of Comparative Social Welfare 22, no. 2 (2006): 143–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17486830600836149.
Full text
29
Shen, Ce, Jessica Johnson, Zhenhe Chi, and John B. Williamson. "Does a universal non‐contributory social pension make sense for rural China?" International Social Security Review 73, no. 2 (2020): 3–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/issr.12233.
Full text
30
Darmaraj, Sheila Rose, and Suresh Narayanan. "The Long-Term Financial Sustainability of the Civil Service Pension Scheme in Malaysia." Asian Economic Papers 18, no. 1 (2019): 155–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/asep_a_00670.
Full textAbstract:
The civil service pension scheme (CSPS) in Malaysia is a defined benefit (DB), non-contributory system directly funded from the budget. An aging population, rising life expectancy, and ballooning pension payments underscore the need for reform. An annual pension deficit model was used to estimate the pension deficit over a period of 75 years under eight scenarios that compare the current scheme with changes in the pension deficit when three policy variables—retirement age, contribution rate, and replacement rate—are manipulated. We found the current scheme will not be financially sustainable. By increasing the retirement age, introducing employee contributions, and reducing the replacement rate, it is possible to delay the emergence of deficits and lengthen the period of sustainability of the scheme. However, a radical makeover is necessary to be fully sustainable and this might not be politically feasible.
31
Grigorev, Ivan Vladimirovich. "Legal regulation of pension security of the migrant workers in Russia." Право и политика, no. 8 (August 2020): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0706.2020.8.33364.
Full textAbstract:
The subject of this research is the normative legal acts of Russian and international legislation regulating the peculiarities of pension security of the migrant workers . The article outlines the problems of demographic situation in Russia, examines the questions f attracting foreign workforce from the historical perspective, determines the characteristics and provides scientific definition to the concept of "migrant worker", analyzes the legal status of foreign citizens applicable to pension security. Detailed analysis is conducted on intergovernmental agreements that establish the framework for acquisition and reservation of the right of migrants with regards to pension security. Special attention is turned to the case law materials, as well the factors of acquisition of rights to non-contributory pension by migrants in the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty consists in conducting a comprehensive research of legal regulation of pension security of the migrant workers in Russia. The article reveals the transformation of contractual practice of intergovernmental regulation of the questions granting pensions to the migrants, prioritizing the proportional principle of structuring contracts and agreements. The author&rsquo;s special consists in conducting scientific analysis of the content of the &ldquo;Pension Agreement for Working Population of the EAEU Member States&rdquo; of December 20, 2019, which determines the peculiarities of right to pension security, establishes size of payments based on length of employment. The main conclusions consist in the description of several alternatives of regulation of relations in the area of pension security of the migrant workers, depending on the status of foreign citizen, presence of intergovernmental agreement, and their content. Recommendations are formulated on the improvement of the current Federal legislation.
32
Rogers, Edmund. "A ‘most imperial’ contribution: New Zealand and the old age pensions debate in Britain, 1898–1912." Journal of Global History 9, no. 2 (2014): 189–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1740022814000035.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe extent of imperial influences upon nineteenth- and early twentieth-century British life, including in the development of social policy, has attracted significant scholarly interest in the past decade. The bearing of New Zealand's 1898 Old-Age Pensions Act upon the British debate over elderly poverty exemplifies the contested transfer of social policy ideas from settler colony to ‘Mother Country’. Reformers in Britain hailed a model non-contributory pension system with an imperial pedigree. However, the widely acknowledged distinction between ‘old’ countries such as Britain, and ‘new’ countries of English-speaking settlement, characterized the New Zealand example's reception. While progressives identified the colony as a ‘clean slate’ lacking the obstructive historical inheritance of the Poor Law, critics of state-funded pensions warned against drawing policy-making lessons from New Zealand. Yet when a reformist Liberal government introduced an Old Age Pensions Bill in 1908, it used Britain's age to justify the legislation's relative conservatism.
33
Goedemé, Tim, and Sarah Marchal. "Exploring a blind spot in comparative pension reform research: Long-term trends in non-contributory pensions in Europe." International Journal of Social Welfare 25, no. 2 (2015): 161–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijsw.12189.
Full text
34
Rahman, Mustafizur, Towfiqul Islam Khan, and Mostafa Amir Sabbih. "An Estimation of the Implementation Costs and Financing Options for Introducing a Universal Pension Scheme in Bangladesh." South Asia Economic Journal 22, no. 1 (2021): 110–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/13915614211008102.
Full textAbstract:
The number of people aged more than 60 in Bangladesh is projected to constitute 20% of total population by 2051. The demographic momentum makes it necessary to pursue policies that guarantee a secured life for the country’s senior citizens. Currently, more than 40% of old age population (more than 65 years) in Bangladesh do not receive any type of pension or social security benefits. In this backdrop, introduction of a universal pension scheme (UPS) is an idea that should merit serious consideration. The idea of a UPS is also aligned with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) targets. Based on the International Labour Organization multi-pillar pension model, the article deals with required financing under different scenarios of introducing UPS in Bangladesh. The study estimates that for introducing a non-contributory UPS in Bangladesh, it would require an additional average allocation equivalent to 0.1%–0.5% of gross domestic product per annum between now and 2040. The article also estimates financing needs considering two options for the contributory UPS. The article concludes that UPS in Bangladesh can be launched on a limited scale which then could be expanded in scope and coverage in a gradual and phased manner. The article also underscores that introduction of UPS will create opportunities to rationalize the existing safety net programmes that will release funds for underwriting the UPS. JEL: H53, H55, I31, I38
35
Abiri, Olusola Christianah, Adesina Ajayi Adedapo, and Olubunmi Adejoke Adenagbe. "Remuneration and Retirement Benefit as Correlates of Non-Academic Staff Productivity in Nigerian Universities." British Journal of Education 12, no. 2 (2024): 32–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/bje.2013/vol12n23244.
Full textAbstract:
This descriptive survey research aimed to investigate the relationship between remuneration, retirement benefits, and the productivity of non-academic staff in public universities in Southwest Nigeria. The study utilized a multistage sampling procedure to select 1200 non-academic staff from six universities, incorporating both federal and state institutions. Data were collected through self-designed instruments, namely the Conditions of Service Questionnaire (CSQ) and the Non-academic Staff Job Productivity Questionnaire (NSJPQ), focusing on remuneration, retirement benefits, and job productivity. Validity and reliability checks were performed on the instruments to ensure the accuracy of the collected data. The study concluded that remuneration and retirement benefits do not significantly influence the productivity of non-academic staff in universities. In light of these findings, recommendations were proposed, including an increase in the minimum wages for non-academic staff and the importance of ensuring regular payment of contributory pensions to guarantee a secure future for pension beneficiaries after retirement. These recommendations aim to address potential concerns regarding the financial well-being and job productivity of non-academic staff in Southwest Nigerian universities.
36
梁, 扬扬. "Research on the Construction of Non-Contributory Pension System for Urban Workers in China." Aging Research 11, no. 06 (2024): 2809–20. https://doi.org/10.12677/ar.2024.116413.
Full text
37
Nwawolo, Hope, and Ngozi Nwogwugwu. "Contributors’ Involvement in Pension Fund Investments Decision Making and Retirees Standard of Living in University of Lagos, Nigeria." Asian Social Science 15, no. 4 (2019): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n4p69.
Full textAbstract:
Management of the pension scheme in Nigeria had been inundated with several and diverse challenges ranging from corruption and mismanagement of funds for some decades. As a result retirees were not able to access their pension benefits leading to some dying without access to their fund. The government then introduced the contributory pension system in a pension Act of 2004 which was amended in 2014, as a measure to minimize the sufferings of retirees as well as allay the fears of workers. However, the problems of pension are yet to abate and retirees are still groaning under unstable welfare. This study examined contributors’ involvement in pension funds investment decision making and retirees’ standard of living. The study adopted convergent parallel research design with population being non-academic staff of University of Lagos. The population of the study was 5098 and sample size was set at 100 respondents using Taro Yamane’s (1967) formula. Response rate of the validated questionnaire was 91%. Descriptive and inferential statistics (linear regression) were employed in analysis of data. The study found that contributors’ decision making on pension fund investment exerted a positive significant effect on retirees standard of living (β=.46, R2=0.49, t=10.57, p
38
Kumor-Jezierska, Ewelina. "SUPPLEMENTARY PARENTAL BENEFIT – THE MUM 4 + PROGRAMME – EXPECTATIONS AND REALITY." Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny, no. XXI (2021): 487–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6191.
Full textAbstract:
In this article the regulations of the act on parental supplementary benefit of January 30, 2019 are thoroughly analysed. Supplementary parental benefit is granted to a person who gave birth to and raised or only raised at least four children and did not acquire the right to a pension or a pension paid to this person by the pension authority is smaller than the lowest pension. One is entitled to the benefit mentioned herein only in the case of not having means of subsistence because of not pursuing or discontinuing employment as a result of raising minimum four children. Supplementary parental benefit is in no way related to making social security contributions, it is a benefit financed by the state budget, which in a supplementary or substitutional way is linked to old age. In the legal sense, it is not a pension, but a special non-contributory monetary benefit of discretionary nature, which is granted only on request of the person of interest based on the administrative decision of the president of the Polish Social Insurance Institution (ZUS) or the Agricultural Social Insurance Fund (KRUS).
39
Yang, Yinan, John B. Williamson, and Ce Shen. "Social security for China's rural aged: a proposal based on a universal non-contributory pension." International Journal of Social Welfare 19, no. 2 (2009): 236–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.2009.00658.x.
Full text
40
CHOI, YOUNG-JUN. "Transformations in economic security during old age in Korea: the implications for public-pension reform." Ageing and Society 26, no. 4 (2006): 549–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x06004879.
Full textAbstract:
The South Korean National Pension scheme was instituted in 1988 and now covers all private-sector employees and the self-employed. Since the financial crisis of 1997, however, it has become controversial and is under considerable pressure, not least because of the perceived financial implications of the country's rapidly ageing population. Predictions of financial shortfalls or ‘unsustainability’ have prompted calls for severe ‘downsizing’ of the scheme. The debate on the reform of the scheme has been dominated by the need to respond to demographic change in ways that assist the national economy, invariably by reducing social expenditure. The debate, however, has given little attention to the social or welfare functions of the pension scheme, though the material insecurity of older people has been exacerbated by major changes in the labour market and the family. This paper details recent socio-demographic changes in Korea and discusses their implications for old-age security and pension reform. It argues that public-pension schemes should be developed to strengthen social protection against the insecurities of old-age, that intra-generational redistribution should be at the core of the reformed arrangements, and that the introduction of a comprehensive non-contributory pension scheme should be seriously considered.
41
Sánchez-Rodas Navarro, Cristina. "La aplicación del primer protocolo adicional del Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos a las prestaciones sociales ¿freno para las reformas de seguridad social? = The application of the first additional protocol of the European Human Rights Convention to social benefits, brake for social security reforms?" CUADERNOS DE DERECHO TRANSNACIONAL 10, no. 2 (2018): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/cdt.2018.4394.
Full textAbstract:
Resumen: Aunque el derecho a la Seguridad Social aparece regulado en numerosos Tratados internacionales, ni el Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos ni sus Protocolos Adicionales la contemplan. Y, sin embargo, son numerosas las sentencias del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos que tienen por objeto la tutela del derecho a percibir prestaciones sociales contributivas, no contributivas y de naturaleza mixta. El elemento en común que tienen esas sentencias –que se analizan en el primer bloque– es que el Tribunal parte de la premisa de que el derecho a prestaciones sociales es un derecho de propiedad tutelable al amparo del artículo primero del Primer Protocolo Adicional al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos. En base a dicho precepto España ya ha sido condenada en dos ocasiones en materia de pensiones de Seguridad Social. Esta jurisprudencia podría convertirse, además, en un límite a la potestad legislativa de los Estados que, como España, introdujeron importantes recortes en materia de pensiones en los años más duros de la última crisis económica y financiera mundial.En el segundo bloque se estudia el impacto de dicha jurisprudencia del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos Humanos en el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea, del que la cuestión prejudicial Florescu es, hoy por hoy, la única exponente. Por último se analiza la jurisprudencia de nuestro Tribunal Constitucional que viene manteniendo el criterio que en materia de prestaciones sociales no existe un derecho de propiedad, sino una expectativa de derecho no indemnizable.Palabras clave: Derecho de propiedad, prestaciones contributivas, prestaciones no contributivas, Primer Protocolo Adicional al Convenio Europeo de Derechos Humanos.Abstract: Although the right to Social Security is regulated in numerous international Treaties, neither the European Convention on Human Rights nor its Additional Protocols contemplate it. Nevertheless, there are numerous judgments of the European Court of Human Rights that have for object the protection of the right to receive social contributory, non-contributory and of a mixed nature benefits. The common element in these judgments - which are analyzed in the first block - is that the Court starts from the premise that the right to social benefits is a property right that can be protected under the first article of the First Additional Protocol to the European Convention. of Human Rights. Based on this precept, Spain has already been sentenced twice in cases related to Social Security pensions. This jurisprudence could also become a limit to the legislative power of States that, like Spain, introduced important pension cuts in the harshest years of the last global economic and financial crisis.The second block examines the impact of this jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights in the Court of Justice of the European Union, of which the preliminary question Florescu is, at present, the only exponent. Finally, we analyze the jurisprudence of our Constitutional Court that has maintained the criterion that in the field of social benefits there is no property right, but an expectation of non-compensable right.Keywords: Property rights, contributory benefits, non-contributory benefits, First Additional Protocol to the European Convention on Human Rights.
42
CHIA, NGEE-CHOON. "ADDING A BASIC PILLAR TO THE CENTRAL PROVIDENT FUND SYSTEM: AN ACTUARIAL ANALYSIS." Singapore Economic Review 60, no. 03 (2015): 1550037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021759081550037x.
Full textAbstract:
The Central Provident Fund (CPF) system has worked well for majority of Singaporeans who are able to work consistently over their life cycle and have made prudent housing choices. However, the inherent structure of CPF, which is based purely on contributions, is unable to address retirement adequacy for its vulnerable members. Adding a means-tested non-contributory basic pillar to the system will make the system more inclusive. This paper studies the pension cost of a targeted old-age income support system for needy elderly to help meet their basic living expenses. A Lee–Carter stochastic model is used to forecast the elderly population. Pension costs depend on coverage and benefit levels and the cost of living adjustments. The viability of a basic retirement support scheme would also depend on the speed of ageing and the rate of economic growth.
43
SHIN, EUNHAE, and YOUNG KYUNG DO. "Basic Old-Age Pension and financial wellbeing of older adults in South Korea." Ageing and Society 35, no. 5 (2014): 1055–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x14000051.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTSouth Korea's old-age poverty rate is among the highest in the developed world. Confronted with the increasing demand for a social safety net for older people, the South Korean government introduced the Basic Old-Age Pension (BOAP) in 2008. The BOAP is a non-contributory, means-tested pension covering 70 per cent of the elderly population, with monthly benefits amounting to 84 kW (thousand Korean won, approximately equivalent to US $1) for singles and 139 kW for couples. Little empirical research has been conducted, however, to evaluate the effectiveness of the new pension programme in supporting the financial wellbeing of older people. Using data from the 2008–2010 Korea Welfare Panel Study, a panel data analysis is conducted to estimate the effects of the BOAP on three sets of financial wellbeing measures: financial difficulty, monthly consumption and overall financial satisfaction. The results suggest that the BOAP has beneficial effects on the financial wellbeing of older people by improving affordability of basic subsistence items such as heating and nutritious meals, particularly among the older-old group. However, the effects are limited to these few outcomes only; overall financial wellbeing and other important indicators remain unchanged.
44
Okereke, S.N., M. Ogbu, E.E. Ogbuanya, and J.N. Edeh. "Assessing the level of awareness of serving staff of federal tertiary educational institutions in Ebonyi state on the operations of the contributory pension scheme." Open Access Journal of Management Sciences Research 2, no. 3 (2024): 31–42. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13956394.
Full textAbstract:
<em>The introduction of the Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) by the Nigerian government was intended to alleviate the sufferings of retirees due to the irregular and/or non payment of their retirement benefits under the old scheme. Studies carried out indicate that there still exist bottlenecks in the prompt and regular payments of retirees’ retirement benefits under the CPS. Part of the reasons for such lapses has to do with ignorance which ultimately manifests in improper documentation by retirees before retirement. The main focus of this study was to examine the level of awareness of the operations of the CPS by serving staff of federal tertiary educational institutions in Ebonyi state, Nigeria. Data was generated through the use of questionnaire. A total of 354 questionnaires were distributed out of which 300 were retrieved and analysed using descriptive statistics. Results indicate that majority of the staff were ignorant of their retirement savings account information as well as the percentage of salary being deducted for retirement. However, staff were well informed of their right to change their Pension Fund Administrators (PFAs) when the need arises. The problems encountered by the staff in the operations of the CPS border on inadequate information flow from workers’ PFAs and employers and the lack of capacity and technology to access information on pensions via the internet. This study recommends that the government, PFAs and workers should rise up to this challenge through a more robust enlightenment program to forestall further cracks in the implementation of CPS in Nigeria.</em>
45
Salinas-Rodríguez, Aarón, Ma Del Pilar Torres-Pereda, Betty Manrique-Espinoza, Karla Moreno-Tamayo, and Martha María Téllez-Rojo Solís. "Impact of the Non-Contributory Social Pension Program 70 y más on Older Adults’ Mental Well-Being." PLoS ONE 9, no. 11 (2014): e113085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0113085.
Full text
46
GODFREY-WOOD, RACHEL, and GRACIELA MAMANI-VARGAS. "‘It really saves us’versus‘it doesn't cover everything’: the benefits and limitations of a non-contributory pension in the Bolivian Altiplano." Ageing and Society 39, no. 1 (2017): 17–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x17000460.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTNon-contributory pensions have become extremely popular in the last decade, with 78 developing countries currently distributing money in this way, and their acclaimed impacts are increasingly celebrated. Studies have found them to contribute not only to ‘obvious’ needs such as increased consumption and income security but also to investments in productivity, social relationships, health, increased access to credit and savings, while it has become common to claim that they contribute to intangible goals such as dignity and citizenship. The danger of some of these claims is that they assume that wellbeing is heavily responsive to monetary wealth, rather than other areas. To study this, an ethnographic methodology, based on participant observation and semi-structured interviews, was employed in two rural communities located in the La Paz department in the highland Altiplano region of Bolivia close to Lake Titicaca. Our analysis shows that while the Renta Dignidad increases older persons’ livelihood security, its contributions to other areas where non-contributory pensions are claimed to have major impacts, such as productive investment, health care and relational wellbeing, are actually relatively limited. The policy implication of this is that a more integral approach needs to be adopted to older persons' wellbeing, going beyond cash transfers to greater efforts to bring health-care services to older people in remote rural areas.
47
Lopez-Ortega, Mariana, and Rosa Garcia-Chanes. "SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SUPPORT FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH DEMENTIA IN MEXICO." Innovation in Aging 8, Supplement_1 (2024): 353. https://doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igae098.1152.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Dementia is one of the most common causes of disability and dependence in the world and is a frequent reason that older people require supportive living situations. In Mexico, Alzheimer’s and other dementias represent the fifth main cause of DALYS (disability-adjusted life-years) and it is estimated that there were approximately 1 626 000 persons living with dementia. However, the health system is not prepared to adequately provide diagnosis, post-diagnosis care as well as care support at home for people living with dementia and their family caregivers. In addition, economic conditions of a large number of older persons is precarious given a life of informal work with no benefits or access to a contributory pension in old age and whose sole income is a small non-contributory pension and relying on children or other close relatives to provide financial and in-kind support, as well as all other health and personal care. The aim of this study is to characterise the support received by a sample of older adults in Mexico. We use the Mexican Health and Aging Study 2016 wave which for the first time included the Mex-Cog Wave 1 a detailed cognitive assessment. This allows for a detailed characterisation of support received by people living with dementia and to compare it with the support available and received by older adults with no impairment. The results allow for specific recommendations for further support programs and activities that focus on areas of need and currently not covered either by public or family supports.
48
Mohammed, Sani, Sunusi Garba, Armaya’u Alhaji Sani, Rukayya Tijjani Ibrahim, Yusra Musa Muhammad, and Ibrahim Ahmad Kassim. "Pay As You Earn (PAYE) Tax as Panacea to Backlog of Gratuities and Pensions of Civil Servants in Nigeria." Journal of Accounting and Taxation 4, no. 2 (2024): 19–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47747/jat.v4i2.1798.
Full textAbstract:
Gratuities and pensions are payments due to retired civil servants; however, payments of these have not been timely and consistent to the extent that 23 state governments are owing N836.40 billion as gratuities and pension liabilities as of the end of 2022. Non-payment of these retirement benefits is often accompanied by social and health problems, leading to the premature death of retirees. Consequently, this study aims to examine the potential of monthly Pay As You Earn (PAYE) tax to eliminate the backlog of retirement benefits owed to retired civil servants. To achieve this aim, quantitative secondary data of PAYE tax collections by state governments is collected from the annual Internally Generated Revenue reports of states published by the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) 2010-2022. Descriptive statistical analysis tools are employed to analyze collected data while Burgess’s activity theory and public policy analytical framework guided the conduct of the study. On the overall, results from the study revealed that while the 23 state governments owe N836.40billion as liabilities of retirement as at 2022, the same states have collected the sum of N5,672billion as PAYE tax 2010-2022. On individual states, 20 states have collected PAYE tax 2010-2022 more than their liabilities of retirement benefits, while only three states collected PAYE tax less than their accumulated liabilities of retirement benefits. The short-run policy implication is for states to set aside collected PAYE tax to settle the backlog of benefits and adopt the Contributory Pension Scheme (CPS) to avoid future recurrence of the backlog
49
Muhammad Jafar, Aisha Shoukat, and Dr. Farhat Ullah. "Measuring Sufficiency of Social Insurance in Maintaining Quality of Life of Civil Pensioners in Pakistan." Progressive Research Journal of Arts & Humanities (PRJAH) 3, no. 2 (2021): 89–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.51872/prjah.vol3.iss2.170.
Full textAbstract:
The global economic crisis in 2007 has given new impetus to the debate on social protection as an instrument for addressing worldwide poverty and vulnerability. Pakistan has several social protection programmes in place, but they are primarily skewed towards formal sector economy. Social protection can be contributory (social insurance) or non-contributory (social assistance). This paper attempts to measure sufficiency of social insurance benefits for civil pensioners in maintaining quality of life (QOL) in term of food, health and housing. Adopting quantitative approach, data were collected from 358 respondents from province of Punjab through structured questionnaire. The data were analysed using SPSS whereas descriptive statistics and Pearson Corelation analysis were performed. The results show that social insurance benefits (monthly pension and gratuity) were playing critical role in maintaining QOL of civil pensioners. Furthermore, results of correlation analysis revealed that all three domains of QOL were significantly correlated with social insurance benefits. The study concludes that overall QOL of the civil pensioners was better than pensioners of private sector or elderly citizens (non-pensioners) from economically poor background. The study provides an insight for social workers, policy makers and stakeholders for influencing policy making and social planning for redesigning and revising social insurance programmes in Pakistan
50
OLIVERA, JAVIER, and ISABELLE TOURNIER. "Successful ageing and multi-dimensional poverty: the case of Peru." Ageing and Society 36, no. 8 (2015): 1690–714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15000665.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTThis study investigated the determinants of Successful Ageing (SA) in a sample of 4,151 Peruvians aged between 65 and 80 years and living in poverty. A key contribution of this study is to combine the conceptual appeal of SA to measure wellbeing in old age with the multi-dimensional poverty counting approach developed in the economic literature. This setting allows for moving beyond the dichotomy of successful and usual ageing to take advantage of the full distribution of success along a set of dimensions of wellbeing. The data are drawn from the Encuesta de Salud y Bienestar del Adulto Mayor (ESBAM) survey, which is the baseline to evaluate the non-contributory public pension programme Pension 65. Nine indicators of SA have been used to assess the dimensions of physical health, functioning, cognition, emotional health and life satisfaction. The variables associated with a higher number of satisfied indicators were male gender, younger old age, literate, employed, low food insecurity, good nutritional status, normal blood pressure, absence of disabilities, non-smoker, empowerment, good self-esteem, absence of mental disability and less frequent contact with a social network. From a policy perspective, the results of this study report a remarkably stable effect of three variables affecting SA that can be relatively easy to measure, monitor and influence by public intervention. These variables are food security, nutrition quality and self-esteem.