Academic literature on the topic 'Non-English speaking background (NESB)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
1
Hassett, Anne, Kuruvilla George, and Susan Harrigan. "Admissions of Elderly Patients from English-Speaking and Non-English-Speaking Backgrounds to an Inpatient Psychogeriatric Unit." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 33, no. 4 (August 1999): 576–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.1999.00537.x.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The aim of this study was to compare differences between elderly patients from non-English-speaking backgrounds (NESB) and English-speaking backgrounds (ESB) admitted to an acute psychogeriatric unit. Method: Sociodemographic and clinical variables were collated from inpatient files for a 12-month period and analysed according to NESB and ESB status. The 1996 Australian Census data were used for comparison of catchment area representation of different ethnic groups. Results: With a few exceptions, admission rates for elderly patients from NESB reflected the representation of that ethnic group in the catchment area population figures. No significant differences were found between the two groups for mean age, length of stay and previous admissions to the unit. Patients from NESB were less likely to be admitted voluntarily and less likely to be diagnosed with affective disorder. These differences were more marked for males, who were more likely to be diagnosed with dementia. Conclusions: These findings suggest that further investigation is required into the accessibility of psychiatric hospitalisation for elderly patients from NESB. Under recognition of disorders such as depression and reluctance to accept necessary inpatient management are two possible factors that should concern mental health service providers for the ethnic elderly. A subsequent analysis will examine if differences also exist between elderly patients from NESB and ESB who receive community-based psychiatric treatment. Implications for mental health service provision for the elderly from NESB are discussed.
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Trauer, Tom. "Ethnic Differences in the Utilisation of Public Psychiatric Services in An Area of Suburban Melbourne." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 29, no. 4 (December 1995): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679509064976.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The main aim of this study was to compare levels of service use by English and non-English speaking background people. Method: A comparison of service use in 1991/1992 between clients of English speaking (ESB) and non English-speaking (NESB) background was undertaken using hospital inpatient statistics, community mental health centre contact data, interpreter usage figures, and the 1991 Australian census. Results: The main findings indicated: (a) longer median lengths of stay of NESB than ESB inpatients; (b) roughly equal involuntary hospitalisation rates between ESB and NESB residents, but significantly lower rates of voluntary hospitalisation for NESB residents; (c) NESB face-to-face clinic contacts significantly shorter (by between five to ten minutes) than ESB; and (d) variable and generally low use of interpreters. No significant associations between ethnicity, legal status and gender were found. There were limitations in the available data and conclusions could be drawn only with caution. Conclusions: Recommendations include better routine collection of ethnically relevant information, and measures designed to improve the acceptability and accessibility of inpatient services.
3
Lee, C. K., L. Browne, P. Bastick, and W. Liauw. "Women from non-English speaking backgrounds living in Australia present with later stage breast cancer: A population study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 25, no. 18_suppl (June 20, 2007): 17043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.17043.
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17043 Background: Ethnicity may influence both the incidence and prognosis of breast cancer. We have conducted an analysis to determine if women from non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) living in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, present with later stage breast cancer compared to women from English speaking backgrounds (ESB); and to determine whether there is an impact on their survival. Methods: Data from the NSW Cancer Registry (1980 to 2004) was used to identify women with their first presentation of breast cancer. Stage of breast cancer was classified as early (insitu or localized) versus late (regional nodal or distant metastatic spread) according to registry definitions. Country of birth was used as a surrogate for language status. Stage at diagnosis was compared between ESB versus NESB women. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds of late stage disease and Cox regression to determine survival outcomes Results: 60,676 of 75,583 cases were considered suitable for analysis. Of these 16.64% were NESB. Accounting for potential confounding variables, NESB women were more likely to have late stage disease than ESB women (OR= 1.12; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.17). Analysis by geographical region of birth revealed women born in Middle Eastern region were most likely to have late stage disease at presentation (OR 1.41; 95% CI, 1.25 to 1.60). In multivariable analysis of all-cause mortality NESB women had a superior overall survival (HR 0.90; 95% CI 0.87 to 0.94) compared to ESB women, however, there was no difference in breast cancer specific survival between these groups by univariate analysis (logrank p=0.46). Conclusions: In New South Wales, Australia, NESB women have a delayed presentation with breast cancer as indicted by more advanced stage. However, stage-adjusted, breast cancer specific survival in NESB women is similar to the ESB women. Further studies are required to determine the reasons for delayed detection for NESB women. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
4
Mirza, Tanjina, Gabor T. Kovacs, and Peter McDonald. "The Use of Family Planning Services by Non-English Speaking Background (NESB) Women." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 39, no. 3 (August 1999): 341–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1479-828x.1999.tb03410.x.
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Colic-Peisker, Val. "Croatians in Western Australia: migration, language and class." Journal of Sociology 38, no. 2 (June 2002): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078302128756552.
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This paper explores the migration experience of two cohorts of Croatian migrants in Australia focusing on the fact that they are non-English speaking background (NESB) migrants. Central attention is given to the intersection of class and ‘living in another language’ (being NESB in Australia). The first cohort migrated in the 1960s and is predominantly working class; the second migrated in the late 1980s and is predominantly professional. It is argued that living in an English speaking environment affects Croatian migrants in practical, cultural, identity and status terms. It determines their life chances, employment prospects and the feeling of belonging to the Australian community. However, the two groups of migrants, being from different socioeconomic backgrounds, are affected in different ways.
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Fan, Cynthia, and Anita S. Mak. "MEASURING SOCIAL SELF-EFFICACY IN A CULTURALLY DIVERSE STUDENT POPULATION." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 26, no. 2 (January 1, 1998): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1998.26.2.131.
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This paper reports the construction and validation of a measure of social self-efficacy in a range of social interaction situations commonly experienced by tertiary students, including situations posing special concern to recent arrivals to the Australian educational setting. Participants in the first study were 228 undergraduate students. Among these, 91 were Australia-born with English-speaking-background parents (Anglo-Australians), 90 were also Australia-born but had parents from a non-English-speaking-background (NESB Australia-born), and 47 were overseas-born with NESB parents (NESB immigrants). Item and factor analyses yielded a 20-item, 4-factors Social Self-Efficacy Scale for Students (SSESS). The four factors were Absence of Social Difficulties, Social Confidence, Sharing Interests, and Friendship Initiatives. Evidence of the scale's satisfactory internal consistency reliability, and its concurrent and construct validity is presented. Indication of satisfactory test-retest reliability was obtained from a second sample of 16 university students. Applications and directions for further research are discussed.
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Sawrikar, Pooja, and Caroline J. Hunt. "The Relationship Between Mental Health, Cultural Identity and Cultural Values in Non-English Speaking Background (NESB) Australian Adolescents." Behaviour Change 22, no. 2 (July 1, 2005): 97–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.2005.22.2.97.
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AbstractIn Australia, acculturating adolescents from a non-English speaking background (NESB) face two important challenges: developing a cultural identity and establishing a set of cultural values. These challenges are achieved by balancing a native and Australian orientation. It was expected that NESB adolescents who did not achieve these tasks would experience poor mental health. This study focused on adolescents because a significant relationship between cultural identity, cultural values and mental health in this group will highlight a need for sensitivity to such cultural and developmental issues. Two hundred and sixty-three NESB adolescents completed questionnaires that assessed cultural identity (Australian and native), cultural values (individualism and collectivism), state mental health (depression, anxiety and stress) and trait mental health (positive affectivity [PA] and negative affectivity [NA]). Results indicated that high Australian pride and high native pride are associated with lower depression, anxiety, stress and NA, and higher PA. Results also indicated that adolescents high on individualism and collectivism reported lower depression and stress, and higher PA. Furthermore, adolescents with a separated cultural identity (high native pride and low Australian pride) reported the highest levels of depression, but adolescents with separated cultural values (high collectivism and low individualism) reported the lowest levels of depression and anxiety. We concluded that cultural identity and cultural values are differentially related to mental health, and such relationships, albeit moderate, emerge during adolescence.
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Horvath, Barbara M. "Varbrul analysis in applied linguistics." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 10, no. 2 (January 1, 1987): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.10.2.05hor.
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Abstract VARBRUL analysis is a well known technique used in sociolinguistics for the analysis of variable linguistic phenomena and it is suggested that it would also be useful as a tool in Applied Linguistics. A VARBRUL analysis was undertaken of the placement of students of non-English speaking background (NESB) in high, average and low English and mathematics streams in N.S.W. high schools. The purpose of the study was to determine whether or not NESB students were over-represented in the low stream. The factor groups analyzed were ethnic background, school subject and country of birth.
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Goldsmith, Peggy W. "Second language learners in special education." Volume 3 3 (January 1, 1986): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.3.06gol.
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During 1984, New South Wales Department of Education conducted a survey of ethnic-specific needs of students of non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) in schools for specific purposes (SSPs), which are special education schools. This paper indicates the results and outcomes of that survey. The percentage of students of NESBs in responding schools was 15.4%. The distribution of languages other than English spoken in homes of NESB students in SSPs is similar to that of the general population. The issues seen to be of greatest importance for schools with NESB pupils were assistance in communicating with non-English parents, and a knowledge of and contact with ethnic welfare/support agencies. A literature search revealed little in the way of studies on language provision for students of NESB in SSPs in the USA, Canada, Britain or in Australia. Assessment for placement in special education has always posed a difficulty in regard to students whose dominant language is not English. A move towards the use of Adaptive Behaviour Scales is a possible change in assessment procedures. where the level of language development will constitute just one factor among a number of others. The commencement of English as a second language programme and a bilingual programme are seen as innovatory in this field of education.
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Kifle, T., P. Kler, and S. Shankar. "Immigrant job satisfaction: the Australian experience." International Journal of Manpower 37, no. 1 (April 4, 2016): 99–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-02-2014-0053.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the level of job satisfaction among Australian immigrants relative to the native-born over time as a measure of their labour market assimilation. Design/methodology/approach – Using the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia panel data set, six measures of job satisfaction are tested using the random effects Generalised Least Squares method with a Mundlak correction. Labour market assimilation is defined by “years since arrival” and also via cohort effects. Findings – The authors find statistical evidence of general job dissatisfaction amongst immigrants in Australia relative to the native-born, driven mainly by non-English Speaking Background (NESB) immigrants, though this dissipates for long-term immigrants, irrespective of English Speaking Background (ESB) or NESB status. Econometric results strengthen these results though improvements over time are only strongly evident for NESB immigrants, whilst results for ESB immigrants remain mixed, and is dependent on the definition of “assimilation”. Originality/value – This paper extends the immigrant labour market assimilation literature by introducing job satisfaction as a measure of assimilation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
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Afzal, Bushra. "Better integration of NESB (non-English speaking background) teachers in the Australian education system." Thesis, Afzal, Bushra (2021) Better integration of NESB (non-English speaking background) teachers in the Australian education system. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2021. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/61547/.
Full textAbstract:
In Australia, communities who speak minority languages are referred to as ‘NESB’ (non-English speaking background) or CALD (culturally and linguistically diverse). In the 1980s Australian immigration experienced a sharp turn in preference towards skilled migrants. Among those skilled migrants, a huge number of intakes consisted of professionals from non-English speaking backgrounds (Colic-Peisker, 2009). Like other skilled professionals, more teachers began arriving from non-English speaking countries, and by 1992-93 they comprised 87% of teacher arrivals (Inglis & Philps, 1995). NESB teachers are an important community, especially in a culturally diverse country such as Australia where the workforce should also be reflecting that diversity. Inclusion of NESB teachers in the Australian workforce is particularly important in mathematics and science areas which are experiencing a shortage of teachers from the local market.
I am a NESB high school science teacher who migrated to Australia from Pakistan in early 2006 and experienced many barriers to resuming and continuing teaching in the new country. Based in large part on my personal experiences, in this study I investigate problems faced by NESB teachers in Australian schools that have hindered them from being successful and integrating into the Australian education system. I also explore the strengths and behaviours of NESB teachers who have been successful in their journey, with the aim of seeking solutions and making recommendations for achieving better integration.
For this research, I combine the paradigms of interpretivism, criticalism and post-modernism. A powerful hybrid epistemology emerges from this integration that enables me to explore key problems experienced by NESB teachers and to seek solutions. An auto-ethnographic writing methodology frames the inquiry, and critical reflections, focused interviews and narratives provide me with the necessary research tools. The quality of the research is governed by the qualitative criteria of trustworthiness, authenticity, emergence, pedagogical thoughtfulness, critical reflexivity and verisimilitude. Due consideration is given to ethical issues to protect everyone associated with this study, including myself.
In the thesis, I present the rich contexts of my own learning and teaching journey in the largely collectivist society of Pakistan in which I evolved as a teacher. Then, I present a clear comparison with my teaching experiences as an NESB teacher in the largely individualistic society of Australia, identifying the major obstacles to resuming my teaching practice. Voices of other NESB teachers in similar situations highlight that lack of information, language difficulties, lack of cultural understanding, covert racism, lack of permanent employment, little collegial support and personal efficacy are major obstacles for NESB teachers.
Next, from the perspective of Katz’s (1972) developmental stages of teaching, I present narrative accounts of the lived experiences of NESB teachers who appear to have successfully integrated into the Australian education system. I explore the strengths that enabled them to survive and thrive as ‘culturally different others’ in markedly different classroom/school environments. The key strengths I uncover are: good English language skills (not accent), existing network to help initiate entry into the teaching profession, good classroom management skills, better communication with colleagues and parents, collegial support, constant learning/training, excellent interpersonal skills, and workplace resilience.
Next, I discuss the role of ‘cultural transition’ in NESB teachers’ success, in particular, and in migrants’ lives, in general. From my own perspective, at first, I experienced a sense of loss, dislocation, alienation and isolation, which led to a process of acculturation (Bhugra, 2004). Then, slowly and gradually, I started moving from acculturation to integration. It appears to be important that when individuals attempt to move from a collectivistic society to an individualistic society they face a significant challenge to achieving cultural transition. The transition can be divided into stages of honeymoon, cultural shock, recovery and adaptation. Some NESB individuals seem to be more capable than others at reaching the adaptation stage, which significantly contributes to success in their personal and professional lives in the new culture.
I reveal how I came to understand that cultural integration, which is very different to cultural assimilation, is critical for the success of NESB teachers. It is a process of cultural exchange in which one group assumes the beliefs, practices and rituals of another group without sacrificing the characteristics of its own culture. I explore how extended exposure in the classroom, developing cultural intelligence and the courage to be assertive, and length of stay in Australia can positively increase chances of integration. Our native colleagues and the second generation of migrants can be of immense help to us (i.e., first-generation migrants) in this process. Cultural integration also appears to be closely linked to an individual’s sense of cultural identity, which is better understood as fluid rather than static. This understanding leads me to realise that, by embracing the concept of fluid identity, the process of cultural integration can become far less demanding.
I conclude that, as a result of this auto-ethnographic inquiry, I have achieved growth in my personal and professional competencies. Both my personal reflections and my participants’ experiences helped me to develop professional skills to survive and thrive. While exploring the issue of cultural transition I grew as a migrant in an unfamiliar land. I didn’t just learn a new set of values; I also learned how to reconcile them with my older set of values, thereby paving the way to my own cultural integration. This study proved to be a medium of therapeutic catharsis that helped me to heal from previously unidentified pain, setting me free from possible intergenerational trauma. I also benefitted by growing as a ‘writer’; I learned the art of looking in the mirror and describing what I see and reflecting on how it can help to assess myself and my way of thinking and functioning.
The findings of this study have the potential to help my fellow NESB teachers to grow in their personal, professional and cultural lives, leading the Australian education system towards better retention of NESB teachers, thereby avoiding essential skill wastage.
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Cornish, Audrey, and n/a. "NESB students at secondary college and university : a comparison of NESB success rates and an investigation into some of the factors which may affect study outcomes." University of Canberra. Education, 1992. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060629.163744.
Full textAbstract:
The increasing number of non-English speaking background (NESB) students
(from both Australia and overseas) has led to concerns about the appropriateness
of English as a Second Language (ESL) courses at upper secondary level as a
preparation for tertiary study. These concerns have been voiced at both upper
secondary and tertiary levels. It appears that NESB students' English language
levels at Year 12 are a critical factor in determining whether or not they will
succeed at tertiary study. On the other hand, they at times achieve high levels of
competence in mainstream subject areas which are not reflected in their ESL
results. Several other factors may also affect NESB students' tertiary success
rates e.g. language and cultural background, and length of time in Australia. In
addition, the responses of tertiary institutions to such students and their needs
may be of importance.
This study surveys the backgrounds and success rates of NESB students from
an ACT secondary college who moved into tertiary study programs. It
investigates their results in their Year 12 Certificates and traces them through
three years of tertiary study. In doing so, the study identifies certain factors
which appear to impact upon the students' success rates.
Results obtained may prove beneficial to ESL service providers at upper
secondary level. Furthermore, tertiary institutions may find such an analysis
helpful in assisting them to develop appropriate approaches to meet the needs of
this particular group of students.
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Herbert, Jill, and n/a. "English in the workplace: meeting the need of the non English-speaking background staff at the University of Canberra." University of Canberra. Education, 1994. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050809.120042.
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Limited English proficiency (LEP) amongst non-English-speaking background
(NESB) employees is a major concern for the Government, employers and unions in
Australia. Due to their low levels of English proficiency, NESB employees are often
unable to carry out effectively the required workplace tasks. In the current climate of
rapid change in workplaces, as a result of Award Restructuring, NESB employees
may also lack the communication skills necessary to undertake skill-based training
and, therefore, be further disadvantaged.
In light of these concerns, this study investigated the English learning needs of a
group of NESB non-academic staff at the University of Canberra (UC). It established
that there was a gap between their present levels of English proficiency and the levels
required in their current positions. As a result, these employees are unable to engage
effectively in all communication tasks required in the workplace.
Following a detailed analysis of the current literature on the provision of workplace
English training it is recommended that an English in the Workplace (EWP) program
be provided at the UC for NESB non-academic employees. Specific recommendations
are made regarding the design and implementation of the learning program.
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Nielson, Pam, and n/a. "A comparative analysis of English as a second language programs and services in government school systems in Australian states and territories and the nexus with Commonwealth funding." University of Canberra. Education, 1988. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20060824.132257.
Full textAbstract:
The study investigates the nature and extent of provision
of English as a Second Language (ESL) programs and
services for students of non-English speaking background
(NESB) in government school systems in the six Australian
states and two territories and the interrelationship of
state/territorial education authority provision and levels
of commonwealth funding. The study further examines
perceptions of state/territorial service providers of
where the onus of responsibility for ESL provision lies.
The study is limited to examination of ESL provision at
the school level in government education systems only and
does not address services for adult NESB learners or
provision in the non-government sector.
The study is set in the context of the impact of
commonwealth immigration policies on the nature of
Australia's multicultural society and on the evolution of
provision of appropriate programs and services for NESB
students in Australian government schools.
The major findings to emerge from this study which bear on
the issues identified in the literature and which are of
significance for the future of ESL service delivery are:
· the existence of overall commonality of definition of
NESB students and identification of such students for
ESL programs on the basis of need, but a degree of variation in procedures used by state and territorial
systems which falls short of standard practice and
renders comparative measurement of perceived shortfalls
in provision difficult;
· variation in definition of intensive programs which
renders comparison of provision difficult;
· strong commonality in overall provision of both
programs and services across all schooling sectors,
with limited local variation in service delivery;
an increasing commitment in all systems to the
mainstreaming of ESL provision through language across
the curriculum programs aimed at complementing
specialist ESL provision by enabling mainstream
teachers to accept responsibility for the language
needs of NESB learners;
· variation in degrees of dependence on commonwealth
funding for provision of programs and services ranging
from almost total dependence on commonwealth funding in
two systems to significant local education authority
provision in four systems;
· commonality of opinion among local service providers of
the commonwealth's responsibility for some degree of
funding of ESL provision, but variations in perceptions
of the extent of the commonwealth's responsibility in
this area;
· commonality of experience of initial identification of
need at the local level, but dependence on commonwealth
intervention to approach adequate provision to meet
identified need;
· a degree of tension between on the one hand,
recognition of individual differences among systems and
the concomitant need, or desire, for state/territorial
autonomy in service delivery; and on the other hand,
recognition of commonality of purpose and provision and
the concomitant need for some standardisation of
practice in the interests of efficiency and
accountability of service delivery.
The study concludes with an examination of the
implications of these findings for policy for future ESL
service delivery.
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Adhikari, Pramod Kumar Politics Australian Defence Force Academy UNSW. "Socioeconomic attainments and birthplace variations in Australia." Awarded by:University of New South Wales - Australian Defence Force Academy. School of Politics, 1996. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/38641.
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Australia is home for immigrants from more than a hundred countries and in total almost a quarter of all Australians are overseas-born. A high proportion of immigrants in a society raises question about socioeconomic equality. The purpose of the thesis is to study the differences in socioeconomic attainments between immigrants and native-born workers. Using data collected from the Issues in Multicultural Australia Survey, conducted in 1988, and the ABS Census of Population and Housing, 1986 and 1991, the study finds that human capital variables such as education, language proficiency and experience largely explain the socioeconomic attainments of Australian-born workers. Among immigrant workers, however, these human capital variables have little or no effect on status attainments. The data also show that the lower socioeconomic status of immigrants may not be due only to the lower investment in human capital. Even second generation NESB immigrants are unable to obtain comparable rewards compared to longer established Australians with similar education and skills. The study indicates that there may be barriers in the Australian labour market operating against NESB immigrants. The study concludes that there are birthplace variations in workers??? socioeconomic attainments. When employers can hire Australian-born workers from a large pool of unemployed workers, immigrant workers will be excluded from employment. Immigrant workers will only be hired if the rewards for these workers are lower compared to Australian-born workers. In situations of high unemployment, especially, immigrant workers will find it difficult to be treated equally in the labour market.
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Suominen, Keiju, and n/a. "The migration experiences of non-English speaking background children." University of Canberra. Education, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.112910.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the migration experiences of non-English speaking background children. The research was conducted at the Southside Primary
Introductory English Centre in the A.C.T. An ethnographic approach was
employed enabling the researcher to participate in the setting in order to
develop an in depth understanding of the children's experiences.
The data was collected using observation and key informant interviewing. The
participants were encouraged to freely reflect on their past and present
experiences to enable them to make a comparative analysis of their
experiences in Australia and in their country of origin. The data has been
faithfully recorded to represent the children's point of view.
The data was then organised into taxonomies. These were used as a basis for
the analysis of the data in relation to the pertinent literature. The three major
categories examined were culture, interaction and feelings. This analysis has
been used to draw implications for the education of migrant children in the
A.C.T.
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Rida, A. "Non English speaking background migrant Muslim women and migrant English language provision." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1996. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/945.
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The purpose of this study is to define and delineate the factors which influence the decision by non-English speaking background migrant Muslim women to access or not access their eligibility for English language tuition, as set out by current policies governing the eligibility of migrants to participate in Adult Migrant Education programs. As such, the study is of particular interest to both key informants: teachers, community workers, coordinators, and to the target population themselves-Migrant Muslim women. It is also of benefit to those who are concerned with implementing language programs as it will provide them with an understanding of the issues facing Muslim women that may prevent them from accessing such classes. It is also of particular interest because it delves into and explores an• area where much speculation has taken place, but where little research of significance has been directed. The target population is defined as adult (over age 16) Muslim women from a non-English speaking background who are currently residing in the Perth metropolitan area. Two groups within this target population have been included in the study, the first being those women who have accessed migrant language tuition in a formal class setting (excluding those who have accessed the home tutor scheme). The second being those women who have not, with the objective of drawing a typology of the kind of Muslim women accessing classes-age, country of birth, family, socio-economic status, perceived need to learn English, level of education and aspirations and other relevant variables that were brought to light through the research process. Data was collected using both quantitative and qualitative research methods which involved the analysis of figures pertaining to the numbers of women from Muslim countries of birth who have accessed English language classes through the Adult Migrant Education Program in order to arrive at conclusions about the relative absence of Muslim women in these programs. Qualitative data was collected using a structured interview with twenty three women from the target population as well as interviews with three key informants. The purpose of the key informant interviews was to gain an understanding of the external factors accessibility, availability of information and practical considerations such as child care transport and provision of special arrangements that may affect the decision or the ability of Muslim women to attend classes.
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Barnard, Roger Christopher Graham. "Non English speaking background learners in the mainstream classroom : a New Zealand case study." Thesis, University of Chichester, 2000. http://eprints.chi.ac.uk/936/.
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The introductory chapter of this thesis presents the central premise of the study - that classroom learning is constructed through talk - and states the primary aims. These are to provide an ethnographic account of the process of learning in a mainstream classroom, and to apply to this account a specific theoretical framework with a view to refining its central constructs. The thesis proceeds with a discussion of the methodological basis of the investigation - ethnographic case study - and the procedures used for data collection and analysis. This is followed by a discussion of the theoretical orientation of the study, which explains the complexity of the learning context of isolated bilingual schoolchildren and the rationale for a sociocultural approach to explore it. The neo-Vygotskian constructs central to this study - the zone of proximal development, scaffolding and appropriation - are introduced and explained, as are supporting concepts. Each of the three following chapters of the thesis is divided into three parts. The first examines in detail one of these constructs, and also related concepts, with a view to their potential relevance to the specific context of learning. The second part in each chapter comprises a detailed ethnographic description, micro genetic analysis and interpretation of the context and continuity of the learning discourse. The third part in each chapter comments on the implications for the constructs at issue. These three chapters constitute a narrative of the way that classroom learning is constructed through talk over a school year. The thesis concludes with a review of the pedagogical and theoretical implications arising from the investigation, and considers the utility of a neo-Vygotskian framework for further research into classroom learning.
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Ferdous, Tabassum, and t. ferdous@cqu edu au. "Using Formal Health Education Sessions to Increase Mammography use among women of Non-English Speaking Backgrounds in Rockhampton." Central Queensland University. Department of Nursing and Health Studies, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20070718.142605.
Full textAbstract:
Although there has been an increasing incidence of breast cancer among Non-English
speaking background (NESB) women in many developed countries, existing screening
services are being underused by these women. Studies show that the barriers to the
accessibility of breast cancer screening by NESB women include their lack of awareness, low
level of education, low self-efficacy and lack of social interaction with other women. This
study aimed to investigate the knowledge relating to breast cancer and mammography, self-efficacy
and barriers to mammography use among NESB women in an Australian regional
city before and after their attendance at a health education session. This health education
session aimed to increase the awareness and use of mammography among these NESB
women. Two widely used behaviour theories, Health belief model and Social Cognitive
Theory, were applied as the theoretical framework for this study.
A quasi-experimental study was conducted in which the health education session was
used as an intervention. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were completed by study
participants before and after the health education session. Their knowledge of breast cancer
and mammography was assessed. In addition, their self-efficacy and barriers to the use of
mammography were also analysed.
Results indicated that informal recruitment strategies were more effective with these
NESB women. Initially 49 women were recruited. Of these, 23 women (47%) attended the
health education session. As data showed tertiary educated and employed women who already
had mammogram/s were more likely to attend the session. After attending the health education
session, the womens knowledge relating to breast cancer and mammography was improved
and the perceived barriers to the use of mammography were reduced. During a three month
follow-up period, there was no change of mammogram use by the women. However, the
results showed a trend of increased intention to use the mammogram over a period of two
years (41.7%) compared to six months (25.0%). Based on these results, further studies are
recommended to explore the beneficial outcomes of health promotion programs targeting
NESB women who are not in the workforce or have a low level of education.
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McFedries, Terri Hu. "Non-English-Speaking-Background secondary school fee-paying Asian students living in a host family environment in Christchurch : a research report." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Educational Studies and Human Development, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/2868.
Full textAbstract:
The dramatic increase of foreign fee-paying students benefits our community on one
hand, but on the other visible problems of teenage pregnancy, racism, drugs , abuse,
indifference as well as invisible problems of loneliness and helplessness arise. The
researcher noticed many sad cases through her work experience as a language teacher
and as an interpreter for government agencies such as the courts, police, immigration
and health over the last 20 years in Christchurch. Local residents lack a realistic
understanding of the difficulties encountered by foreign students in adjusting to a new
environment, a different culture and a new language. This study is an investigation of living situations of Non-English-Speaking Background
(NESB) Asian secondary full fee-paying students (SFFPS) boarding with
host families in Christchurch. Research was conducted by interviews and
questionnaires with secondary school students in Christchurch. Aspects of Asian
SFFPS living situations with host families that were investigated include the students'
country of origin, age, size of host families, age group of host families' children,
attitudes of the host families, host families' leisure life with students, students' social
life, meals with host families and host families level of support.
On the whole, the research suggests that Asian SFFPS boarding with host families lack
supervision and support. Interactions between Asian SFFPS and their host families,
local students and the local-community are infrequent. Many international students
lack a congenial learning environment, a decent living environment, a proper provision
of welfare support and a good relationship with the host culture and its people.
Interactions are important to develop greater communicative competence and more
confidence in the use of the English language in order to achieve wellbeing and multicultural linkage with New Zealand society as a foundation for later friendships.
The study concludes with a list of recommendations that might improve the Asian
SFFPS living situations. Interventionist strategies for intercultural interaction would I need to be introduced to promote more and better intercultural activities . Monitoring
and supporting systems by schools, agents, guardians and host families are necessary.
Books on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
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Plimer, Don. Language services for non-English-speaking-background women. Canberra, AU: Australian Government Publishing Service, 1996.
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2
Alcorso, Caroline. Non-English speaking background immigrant women in the workforce. Wollongong, Australia: Centre for Multicultural Studies, University of Wollongong, 1991.
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3
Mitchell, Robyn. The non-English speaking-background learner in TAFE: A training handbook. [Adelaide, South Australia]: Published by Adelaide College of TAFE for the Department of Technical and Further Education, South Australia, 1987.
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4
Conner, Nicholas. Focused study on non-English speaking background immigrants in remote/rural areas of Australia. Wollongong, N.S.W: Published for the Office of Multicultural Affairs, Dept. of Prime Minister and Cabinet by Centre for Multicultural Studies, University of Wollongong, 1991.
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5
Kennedy, Shelley. Non-English-speaking background students: A study of programmes and support in New Zealand schools. Wellington, N.Z: Research and International Section, Ministry of Education, 1997.
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6
Barnett, Kate. The pathfinders: Women of non-English speaking background in white collar occupations in the public sector. Wollongong, N.S.W: Published for the Office of Multicultural Affairs, Dept. of Prime Minister and Cabinet by Centre for Multicultural Studies, University of Wollongong, 1991.
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7
Patetsos, M. The challenge of diversity: A study of non English speaking background communities living in the City of Wanneroo. Wanneroo: The City, 1991.
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8
Rice, Pranee Liamputtong. My forty days: Childbearing experiences of non-English speaking background women : a cross-cultural resourcebook for health care professional in birthing services. Carlton (Vic.): Centre for the Study of Mothers' and Children's Health, 1993.
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9
Alder, Kate. Multicultural Victoria: An inquiry into the adequacy of service delivery by state government bodies to people of non-English speaking background : literature review. East Melbourne, VIC: Victorian Ethnic Affairs Commission, 1995.
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10
Clark, Theresa. All I want is what's best for my child: Final report on the experiences of parents of students from a non-English speaking background with disability in the NSW school system. Harris Park, N.S.W: Multicultural Disability Advocacy Association of NSW, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
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"Triple Jeopardy – Women of Non-English Speaking Background." In Breaking Through Grass Ceiling, 197–210. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315080123-14.
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"Pre-service teachers from a non-English-speaking background." In Success in Professional Experience, 206–18. Cambridge University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108550703.012.
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Johnston, Andrew. "English Language Development for Non-Native Pre-Service Teachers." In Facilitating In-Service Teacher Training for Professional Development, 141–63. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1747-4.ch009.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter is describing a plan for a mentor teacher assisting pre-service teachers during their practicum using English in an Emirati national school. The plan consists of 20 lessons that covers speaking, reading, listening, and writing to Kindergarten to primary school age students (3 – 12 years old). As an educator, the author is constantly looking for ways to enhance student's communicative abilities, especially non-native speakers of English. There is a constant need to provide scaffolding and learning situations to make sure pre-service education students feel comfortable using English language in a classroom setting. This chapter will give background information for people who want to do research into incorrect language usage and its effect on students in the classroom. It also describes an outline for a course to develop language proficiency and confidence to use communicative language in a classroom setting.
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Christiansen, Bryan. "Best Practices for Teaching ESL in Higher Education." In Using Literature to Teach English as a Second Language, 52–64. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4670-3.ch003.
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This chapter examines three realities in the typical higher education English as a second language (ESL) classroom in non-English speaking countries and how they can be resolved to enhance student learning and teaching performance by native- and non-native English-speaking instructors alike. The British Council in 2018 estimated approximately 1.7 billion people were learning and using the English language worldwide in 2015, and the number is only expected to grow in the coming years. Therefore, the importance of this chapter in examining best ESL teaching practices should be obvious. The chapter is based on the author's extensive ESL background in seven nations since 1982 at higher education institutions as well as an integrated literature review related to the practice of teaching ESL.
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"A Comparative Web Usage Study of Users in Navigational Web Searching." In Result Page Generation for Web Searching, 7–15. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0961-6.ch002.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter highlighted the differences of users' behaviors between native English-speaking users and Chinese users as the biggest example of non-native English-speaking users. To do as such, the author of this chapter began by discussing the background of earlier web usage studies followed by a literature review on comparative studies that are on the basis of users with different language preferences. Afterwards, since earlier web log analyses are based on web transactions collected from mainly native users, the author of this chapter investigated the feasibility of generalization of former findings for navigational searching to the rest of the users by comparing two web log transactions from two groups of users with different localities in respect to the state-of-the-art in web searching.
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Hickey, M. Gail. "‘So, Are You Hindi?'." In Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership, 58–83. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5695-5.ch003.
Full textAbstract:
Immigrant children and adolescents living in the United States encounter significant stressors during the acculturation process, particularly in schools. South Asian immigrants tend to identify strongly with religious and geographic region background. This study investigates intersections between religion and education in U.S. South Asians' post-migration experiences in the American Midwest. Findings suggest South Asian children in U.S. schools are confronted daily by the duality between their parents' birth culture and mainstream values and traditions of the host culture. Participants and their families experience prejudice, discrimination, and racism as they engage in daily social, work, and school activities. Reported incidents of prejudice range from judgments about English-speaking ability to doubts about the South Asian education system to prepare workers for U.S. jobs. Findings show religious affiliation, foreign accent, skin color, ethnic dress, and non-Euro-American physical features create barriers for South Asians trying to fit into everyday American society.
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Zawawi, Abdulrahman A., Nicole Porter, and Christopher D. Ives. "Greenways and Sustainable Urban Mobility Systems." In Humanizing Cities Through Car-Free City Development and Transformation, 32–70. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3507-3.ch002.
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This chapter describes how greenways can be a constituent of sustainable urban mobility (SUM) systems that reduce automobile dependence while simultaneously having positive environmental and social co-benefits. It begins by providing a brief background on the harmful effects of automobile dependency. A chronological review of the evolution of greenways as a typology, divided into five generations starting from pre-1900 until today, demonstrates how various economic, political, environmental, and social factors have shaped blue-green corridors in different cities, mainly in English-speaking countries. The discussion then focuses on the integration process between greenways and SUM planning, as well as highlighting some of the planning challenges and opportunities of (re)developing greenways to support as non-motorized transport corridors. By critically analyzing the evolution of greenways in relation to urban mobility and their integration process, this chapter supports green space, transport, and design professionals to work toward a shared vision of sustainable cities.
Conference papers on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
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Simpson Nikakis, Karen. "Weaving the Web - From Myth to Modernity." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3251.
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The discovery, development or invention of new objects and phenomena by humankind, requires a new set of words to be coined or adopted to describe it. This is also true of the Information Communication Technology (ICT) world. Words are not neutral, regardless of which dialect or language they occur in. They carry with them associations and connotations based on their previous applications and alliances, and augmented by their shapes, sounds, rhymes and rhythms. The subtext that word choice creates, while often not recognised or acknowledged, is important in considering how communication operates in, and shapes Information Technology (IT) environments. Many words that are now embedded in the ICT lexicon continue to be informed by these earlier meanings, some of which, in the English lexis, are drawn from myths. The vernacular of the ICT lexis reflects its openness to new ideas, the nature of its users, its English language roots and its Western cultural origins. This contributes to a particular communication style. But such lexis can prove problematic for non-English speaking background users and/or those from different cultures. As the ICT vocabulary continues to evolve, these language and cultural underpinnings are coming under challenge, suggesting a language and cultural future very different to the past. This in turn, will create a subtext that affects all users.
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Maheshwari, Greeni, and Susan Thomas. "An Analysis of the Effectiveness of the Constructivist Approach in Teaching Business Statistics." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3678.
Full textAbstract:
[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in Informing Science: the International Journal of an Emerging Transdiscipline (InfoSci)] Aim/Purpose: The main aim of the research is to examine the performance of second language English speaking students enrolled in the Business Statistics course and to investigate the academic performance of students when taught under the constructivist and non-constructivist approaches in a classroom environment. Background: There are different learning theories that are established based on how students learn. Each of these theories has its own benefits based on the different type of learners and context of the environment. The students in this research are new to the University environment and to a challenging technical course like Business Statistics. This research has been carried out to see the effectiveness of the constructivist approach in motivating and increasing the student engagement and their academic performance. Methodology: A total of 1373 students were involved in the quasi-experiment method using Stratified Sampling Method from the year 2015 until 2016. Contribution: To consider curriculum adjustments for first year programs and implications for teacher education. Findings: The t-test for unequal variances was used to understand the mean score. Results indicate students have high motivation level and achieve higher mean scores when they are taught using the constructivist teaching approach compared to the non-constructivist teaching approach. Recommendations for Practitioners : To consider the challenges faced by first year students and create a teaching approach that fits their needs. Recommendation for Researchers: To explore in depth other teaching approaches of the Business Statistics course in improving students’ academic performance. Impact on Society: The constructivist approach will enable learning to be enjoyable and students to be more confident. Future Research: The research will assist other lectures teaching Business Statistics in creating a more conducive environment to encourage second language English speaking students to overcome their shyness and be more engaged.
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Thị Thảo dang, ly, Sean Watts, and Trung Quang Nguyen. "Massive Open Online Course: International Experiences and Implications in Vietnam." In InSITE 2017: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Vietnam. Informing Science Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3745.
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Aim/Purpose: This research critically reviews literature examining the prior empirical and case study research studies to help educators and to shape the conceptual framework of what and how to prepare for MOOCS (Massive Open Online Courses), especially in Vietnam, SouthEast Asia, and developing countries. Background: MOOCs are a disruptive trend in education. Several initiatives have emerged recently to support MOOCS, and many educational institutions started offering courses as MOOCS. Designing a MOOC is not an easy task. Educators need to face not only pedagogical issues, but logistical, technological, and financial issues, as well as how these issues relate and constrain each other. The ‘MOOC’ phenomenon is only just beginning to register with many educational policy makers in Vietnam. Currently, little guidance is available for educators to address the design of MOOCs from scratch keeping a balance between all these issues. Methodology: This study is a qualitative, case study and participant observation research with critical analysis of literature on MOOCs toward implementation of online learning in Vietnam. It began as a broad search for research on online teaching and the authors went into participant observation in courses in Vietnam and elsewhere. Contribution: Until now, designing a MOOC has not yet fully considered applications in non-native English speaking countries, such as Vietnam. This study gives guidance for educators to address the design of MOOCs from scratch keeping a balance between identified issues to shape the conceptual framework of what and how to prepare for MOOCS. Main MOOC development foci should be teachers and learners’ attitudes, as well as infrastructure toward teaching and learning in cyberspace specifically in Vietnam and SouthEast Asia.
Reports on the topic "Non-English speaking background (NESB)"
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Lumpkin, Shamsie, Isaac Parrish, Austin Terrell, and Dwayne Accardo. Pain Control: Opioid vs. Nonopioid Analgesia During the Immediate Postoperative Period. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Background Opioid analgesia has become the mainstay for acute pain management in the postoperative setting. However, the use of opioid medications comes with significant risks and side effects. Due to increasing numbers of prescriptions to those with chronic pain, opioid medications have become more expensive while becoming less effective due to the buildup of patient tolerance. The idea of opioid-free analgesic techniques has rarely been breached in many hospitals. Emerging research has shown that opioid-sparing approaches have resulted in lower reported pain scores across the board, as well as significant cost reductions to hospitals and insurance agencies. In addition to providing adequate pain relief, the predicted cost burden of an opioid-free or opioid-sparing approach is significantly less than traditional methods. Methods The following groups were considered in our inclusion criteria: those who speak the English language, all races and ethnicities, male or female, home medications, those who are at least 18 years of age and able to provide written informed consent, those undergoing inpatient or same-day surgical procedures. In addition, our scoping review includes the following exclusion criteria: those who are non-English speaking, those who are less than 18 years of age, those who are not undergoing surgical procedures while admitted, those who are unable to provide numeric pain score due to clinical status, those who are unable to provide written informed consent, and those who decline participation in the study. Data was extracted by one reviewer and verified by the remaining two group members. Extraction was divided as equally as possible among the 11 listed references. Discrepancies in data extraction were discussed between the article reviewer, project editor, and group leader. Results We identified nine primary sources addressing the use of ketamine as an alternative to opioid analgesia and post-operative pain control. Our findings indicate a positive correlation between perioperative ketamine administration and postoperative pain control. While this information provides insight on opioid-free analgesia, it also revealed the limited amount of research conducted in this area of practice. The strategies for several of the clinical trials limited ketamine administration to a small niche of patients. The included studies provided evidence for lower pain scores, reductions in opioid consumption, and better patient outcomes. Implications for Nursing Practice Based on the results of the studies’ randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, the effects of ketamine are shown as an adequate analgesic alternative to opioids postoperatively. The cited resources showed that ketamine can be used as a sole agent, or combined effectively with reduced doses of opioids for multimodal therapy. There were noted limitations in some of the research articles. Not all of the cited studies were able to include definitive evidence of proper blinding techniques or randomization methods. Small sample sizes and the inclusion of specific patient populations identified within several of the studies can skew data in one direction or another; therefore, significant clinical results cannot be generalized to patient populations across the board.