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Academic literature on the topic 'Non-Identity Problem'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Woodward, James. "The Non-Identity Problem." Ethics 96, no. 4 (1986): 804–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/292801.

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Hurley, Paul, and Rivka Weinberg. "Whose Problem Is Non-Identity?" Journal of Moral Philosophy 12, no. 6 (2015): 699–730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17455243-4681044.

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Teleological theories of reason and value, which take reasons to be reasons to realize “best” states of affairs, cannot account for the intuition that victims in non-identity cases have been wronged. Deontological accounts, however, recognize second-personal reasons, reflective of the moral significance of each person regardless of outcomes. We argue that such deontological accounts are better positioned to identify the wrong to victims in non-identity cases because a person wrongs another on such accounts if she violates his second-personal claims. Parfit argues that non-identity victims woul

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DISILVESTRO, RUSSELL. "REPRODUCTIVE AUTONOMY, THE NON-IDENTITY PROBLEM, AND THE NON-PERSON PROBLEM." Bioethics 23, no. 1 (2009): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8519.2008.00681.x.

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Finneron-Burns, Elizabeth. "Contractualism and the Non-Identity Problem." Ethical Theory and Moral Practice 19, no. 5 (2016): 1151–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10677-016-9723-8.

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Magnusson, Erik. "Children’s rights and the non-identity problem." Canadian Journal of Philosophy 49, no. 5 (2019): 580–605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00455091.2018.1463798.

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AbstractCan appealing to children’s rights help to solve the non-identity problem in cases of procreation? A number of philosophers have answered affirmatively, arguing that even if children cannot be harmed by being born into disadvantaged conditions, they may nevertheless be wronged if those conditions fail to meet a minimal standard of decency to which all children are putatively entitled. This paper defends the tenability of this view by outlining and responding to five prominent objections that have been raised against it in the contemporary literature: (1) the identifiability objection;

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Heyd, David. "Parfit on the Non-identity Problem, Again." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 8, no. 1 (2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lehr-2014-0003.

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Abstract In his recent work, Parfit returns to the examination of the non-identity problem, but this time not in the context of a theory of value but as part of a Scanlonian theory of reasons for action. His project is to find a middle ground between pure impersonalism and the narrow person-affecting view so as to do justice to some of our fundamental intuitions regarding procreative choices. The aim of this article is to show that despite the sophisticated and challenging thought experiments and conceptual suggestions (mainly that of a “general person”), Parfit’s project fails and that we are

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Streiffer, Robert. "Animal Biotechnology and the Non-Identity Problem." American Journal of Bioethics 8, no. 6 (2008): 47–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265160802248427.

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Hope, Tony, and John McMillan. "Physicians’ Duties and the Non-Identity Problem." American Journal of Bioethics 12, no. 8 (2012): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2012.692432.

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Doolabh, Keyur, Lucius Caviola, Julian Savulescu, Michael Selgelid, and Dominic JC Wilkinson. "Zika, contraception and the non-identity problem." Developing World Bioethics 17, no. 3 (2017): 173–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12176.

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Noggle, Robert. "Impossible obligations and the non-identity problem." Philosophical Studies 176, no. 9 (2018): 2371–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11098-018-1130-7.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Urbanek, Valentina Maria. "The Non-Identity Problem." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62420.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2010.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 152-155).<br>Some actions are identity affecting, they affect who will exist in the future. Explaining how identity affecting actions can be wrong has been thought to pose a problem, the Non-Identity Problem. The problem is that an identity affecting action could be wrong even though no one would be harmed if it were performed. If no one would be harmed, how can we explain why it is wrong? The Non-Identity Problem

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Thomas, Jared S. R. "A Capabilities Approach to the Non-Identity Problem." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1027.

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Most recent attempts at solving the Non-Identity Problem have focused on providing a deontological solution to the problem, often by giving special attention to rights. In this paper, I argue for a solution that focuses on highlighting the morally permissible second-personal reasons and claims that nonidentity victims may have. I use a natural marriage between a Kantian conceptualization of what it means to be free and equal—being one’s own master—and Nussbaum’s Capabilities Approach to identify the rights that all individuals, current and future are assigned. I claim that these rights, or cap

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Rizell, Montan Jack. "De Dicto Harm and the Non-Identity Problem." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Avdelningen för praktisk filosofi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445061.

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This paper is concerned with the examination of Caspar Hare's (2007) de dicto approach to the non-identity problem and specifically the non-identity case of The Inconsiderate Mother. On the de dicto approach an act can be wrong if it makes things de dicto worse for a role, even if that act does not make things worse for any actual person that fills that role. In this paper I provide a brief overview and reconstruction of Hare's argument. I argue that objections to Hare's arguments due to David Wasserman (2008) do not give us reason to dismiss the de dicto approach. Lastly I consider an objecti

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Salisbury, Jonathan James. "Non-transitive phenomenal indiscriminability : the identity problem and ignorance solution." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.629456.

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This dissertation puts forward a solution to a long standing problem concerning the identity relation between phenomenal qualities. It seems that some indiscriminability relation should be materially equivalent to the identity relation for phenomenal qualities. That seems to be the case since phenomenal qualities are entirely experiential, so if there is any difference between two phenomenal qualities then it will be experienced and hence we should be able to discriminate between them on the basis of that difference. However, on the basis of experience it seems such indiscriminability relation

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Duffey, Maura. "The Non-Identity Problem: Finding a Narrow-Person-Affecting Solution to a Narrow-Person-Affecting Problem." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/879.

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The non-identity problem attempts to explain the moral permissibility of certain procreative acts that determine a future individual’s existence. If we accept that this individual’s life is worth living, than we must also accept that these procreative acts are permissible. However, this is not the case. In this paper, I will argue against the permissibility of these acts and explain why our intuition, that these acts are morally wrong, is in fact correct. Because the non-identity problem affects particular persons, those whose existence is brought about, I argue in favor of a solution that exp

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Hodgson, Jeffery Wade. "The non-identity problem, the failure of the rights and person-affecting approaches." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ55149.pdf.

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Warren, Stephen. "The US problem with non-state armed troops : US identity and an evolution of an "un-American" style of warfare." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.728685.

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US engagement and support of non-state armed groups is a regular and accepted facet of US foreign and security policy-making. Such groups are a central aspect of US war-fighting options. However, the US has a problem with non-state armed groups. This problem has nothing to do with whether these groups are effective in securing perceived US interests. Rather, non-state armed groups are a problem for US identity. The US knows that it opposes terrorism and subversive violence. Such methods of warfare are not how the US fights wars. Terrorist violence is a war-fighting method of weak actors and un

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Frick, Johann David. "'Making People Happy, Not Making Happy People': A Defense of the Asymmetry Intuition in Population Ethics." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13064981.

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This dissertation provides a defense of the normative intuition known as the Procreation Asymmetry, according to which there is a strong moral reason not to create a life that will foreseeably not be worth living, but there is no moral reason to create a life just because it would foreseeably be worth living. Chapter 1 investigates how to reconcile the Procreation Asymmetry with our intuitions about another recalcitrant problem case in population ethics: Derek Parfit's Non-Identity Problem. I show that what has prevented philosophers from developing a theory that gives a satisfactory account

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Vitale, Vincent Raphael. "Horrendous evils and the ethical perfection of God." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eb53f360-8c22-491c-8a2d-274031ae0890.

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Horrendous evils pose distinctive challenges for belief in an ethically perfect God. To home in on these challenges, I construct an ethical framework for theodicy by sketching four cases of human action where horrors are either caused, permitted, or risked, either for pure benefit (i.e., a benefit that does not avert a still greater harm) or for harm avoidance. I then bring the framework and the moral valuations confirmed by this casuistry to bear on the project of theodicy. I construct four analogous structures – one for each case – and identify examples of each structure in theodicies in con

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Williams, Nicola Jane. "Pre-implantation and pre-natal selection of offspring : can there be a duty to select against disability?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/preimplantation-and-prenatal-selection-of-offspring-can-there-be-a-duty-to-select-against-disability(00aa8d13-c161-46cc-a338-9cf49106dacc).html.

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The question of whether there might be a moral obligation to select against disability in our offspring has received considerable attention and attracted great controversy within both the philosophical community and beyond over the last couple of decades. Within this thesis I examine this question, taking as a basis for discussion the view that prospective parents should be formally free to choose whether or not to select against disability in their offspring in the absence of adequate justifying reasons to the contrary. I then move on to examine and outline arguments that suggest variously an

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Books on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Neither brain nor ghost: A non dualist alternative to the mind-brain identity theory. MIT Press, 2005.

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Vitale, Vince R. Non-Identity Theodicy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864226.001.0001.

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This book develops Non-Identity Theodicy as an original response to the problem of evil. It begins by recognizing that horrendous evils pose distinctive challenges for belief in God. To home in on these challenges, this book constructs an ethical framework for theodicy by sketching four cases of human action where horrendous evils are either caused, permitted, or risked, either for pure benefit (i.e. a benefit that does not avert a still greater harm) or for harm avoidance. This framework is then brought to bear on the project of theodicy. The initial conclusions drawn impugn the dominant stru

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Non-Identity Problem and the Ethics of Future People. Oxford University Press, 2014.

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Boonin, David. Non-Identity Problem and the Ethics of Future People. Oxford University Press, 2020.

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Vitale, Vince R. Non-Identity Theodicy: A Grace-Based Response to the Problem of Evil. Oxford University Press, 2020.

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Gavaghan, Colin. Reproductive Technologies and the Search for Regulatory Legitimacy. Edited by Roger Brownsword, Eloise Scotford, and Karen Yeung. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199680832.013.62.

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For a variety of reasons, assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) have posed significant challenges to regulators seeking normative legitimacy. While some of those challenges relate to the sort of value pluralism common to many areas of life, it has been suggested that the challenge is made significantly harder by the presence of genuinely intractable normative problems. This chapter examines one of the most significant of these problems in relation to reproductive choices, the infamous Non Identity Problem. I examine a number of proposed solutions and regulatory strategies that have been ex

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Sussman, David. Respect, Regret, and Reproductive Choice. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198812876.003.0007.

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This chapter considers whether it could be wrong to have a disabled rather than a non-disabled child. There is often thought to be some substantial objection to doing so even when the would-be parents know that they will not regret such a decision. This chapter examines whether the prospective and retrospective attitudes that parents take on such a decision must be consistent with one another, or whether they can come apart in contexts like Parfit’s “non-identity problem.” The chapter argues we can morally condemn such a decision that we know we will affirm in retrospect because affirmation is

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Beaman, Lori G. The Difference ‘Difference’ Makes. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803485.003.0002.

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This chapter argues that the idea of difference and diversity rely to some extent on fixed identity categories, and that they in fact often reify those categories in socially harmful ways. It delves into the possibility of a more subtle approach, first by examining the idea of identity rigidity from a number of angles, and second by reflecting on the ways in which religion can be recognized as a lived phenomenon within which individuals are flexible, sometimes acting in contradictory ways that defy an easy categorization of their religious identities. The chapter posits that focusing on the so

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Korsgaard, Christine M. Kant, Marginal Cases, and Moral Standing. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198753858.003.0005.

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According to the marginal cases argument, there is no property that might justify making a moral difference between human beings and the other animals that is both uniquely and universally human. It is therefore “speciesist” to treat human beings differently just because we are human beings. While not challenging the conclusion, this chapter argues that the marginal cases argument is metaphysically misguided. It ignores the differences between a life stage and a kind, and between lacking a property and having it in a defective form. The chapter then argues for a view of moral standing that att

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McCrea, Ronan. The Consequences of Disaggregation and the Impossibility of a Third Way. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794394.003.0006.

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Disaggregating religion shows there are both elements of religion that are not problematic in political terms and some elements of non-religious beliefs that are. However, religion does not exist in disaggregated fashion in the world and predominant forms of religion in the West combine these problematic features in ways other forms of belief do not. Therefore, in the contemporary West a blanket ban on state endorsement of a particular religion is the only sustainable course. Dealing with the problems posed by predominant forms of religion requires a category of ‘religion’ which may also cover

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Mulgan, Tim. "The Non-Identity Problem." In Time and Ethics: Essays at the Intersection. Springer Netherlands, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3530-8_14.

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Storey, Mark. "Clare: ‘This sad non-identity’." In The Problem of Poetry in the Romantic Period. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230595910_5.

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Das, Nilanjan, and L. A. Paul. "Transformative choice and the non-identity problem." In Derek Parfit’s Reasons and Persons. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429488450-12.

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Višak, Tatjana. "Person-Affecting Restriction and Non-Identity Problem." In Killing Happy Animals: Explorations in Utilitarian Ethics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137286277_7.

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Lillehammer, Hallvard. "Reproduction, Partiality, and the Non-identity Problem." In Harming Future Persons. Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5697-0_11.

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Lillehammer, Hallvard. "Benefit, Disability and the Non-Identity Problem." In Philosophical Reflections on Medical Ethics. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230273931_2.

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Parfit, Derek. "The Non‐Identity Problem." In Reasons and Persons. Oxford University Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/019824908x.003.0016.

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Parfit, Derek. "The Non-Identity Problem." In Intergenerational Justice. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315252100-4.

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"The Non-Identity Problem." In Towards a Right-Libertarian Welfare State. mentis Verlag, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/9783897859876_009.

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Vitale, Vince R. "Introduction." In Non-Identity Theodicy. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198864226.003.0001.

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This chapter introduces the problem of evil and then the more specific problem of horrendous evil (that is, the argument that the existence of horrendous evils makes the existence of God impossible or unlikely). First horrendous evil is defined as a technical term. Then, after proposing conditions for successful theodicy, prima facie reasons are given for why two of the most popular approaches to theodicy—a greater goods approach and a blame-shifting approach—are not successful where horrendous evils are concerned. The chapter ends by outlining the rest of the book.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Макаренко, О. А. "Formation of the Islamic identity in a non-Islamic environment." In Современное образование: векторы развития. Роль социально-гуманитарного знания в подготовке педагога: материалы V международной конференции (г. Москва, МПГУ, 27 апреля – 25 мая 2020 г.). Crossref, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/etno.2020.57.18.062.

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в статье дан анализ проблемы исламской идентичности в религиозном и культурном плане. Проводится анализ особенностей формирования идентичности в условиях неисламской среды. Определена роль исламских институтов в работе по формированию идентичности на базе религиозной терпимости. Определены возможные пути преодоления данной проблемы. the article analyzes the problem of Islamic identity in religious and cultural terms. The article analyzes the situation of identity formation in a non-Islamic environment. The role of Islamic institutions in the formation of identity based on religious tolerance i

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Somova, Oksana, and Pavel Vladimirov. "The problem of intersubjectivity in Western philosophy: Boundaries of the communicative approach." In 6th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.06.08095s.

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The article defines the meaning of the phenomenological approach to the analysis of the concept of intersubjectivity in the context of social and philosophical problems of the balance of the Self and the Other. The discourse is based on the correlation of phenomenological orientation and communicative action in determining the mechanisms of identity of the Self in relation to the Other in the inseparability of social reality. A sequential analysis of prerequisites and research approaches aimed at testing the problem of intersubjectivity is carried out. The focus is placed on social phenomenolo

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Huang, Zhikun, Zhedong Zheng, Chenggang Yan, et al. "Real-World Automatic Makeup via Identity Preservation Makeup Net." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/91.

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This paper focuses on the real-world automatic makeup problem. Given one non-makeup target image and one reference image, the automatic makeup is to generate one face image, which maintains the original identity with the makeup style in the reference image. In the real-world scenario, face makeup task demands a robust system against the environmental variants. The two main challenges in real-world face makeup could be summarized as follow: first, the background in real-world images is complicated. The previous methods are prone to change the style of background as well; second, the foreground

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ČIULDĖ, Edvardas, and Asta STEIKŪNIENĖ. "THE COUNTERPOINT OF EARTH AND WORLD MEANINGS IN THE NATIONAL IDENTITY’ EXPRESSION." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.223.

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The meanings of the earth and the world can be associated with issues of national identity. In the article, the issues of fostering national identity are discussed in the context of M. Heidegger's philosophy‘s outlook on a land and world disputes. The article tries to define how much a nation can be an object of scientific cognition. Understanding the nation as a resistance to limiting objectification is a methodological background to the development of the topic, which obliges the philosophical interpretation of the problem to be trusted, at least as a scientific reduction of the problem. Ske

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Aretakis, N., K. Mathioudakis, and A. Stamatis. "Non-Linear Engine Component Fault Diagnosis From a Limited Number of Measurements Using a Combinatorial Approach." In ASME Turbo Expo 2002: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2002-30031.

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A method for diagnosing component faults of jet engines is presented. It uses non-linear gas path analysis techniques to determine the values of health parameters, with the help of a suitably formulated engine simulation model. The incentive of the method is to achieve the determination of the values of component health indices when a limited number of measured quantities is available, which do not allow the determination of all the fault indices simultaneously. A combinatorial approach is introduced, in order to circumvent the problem of the insufficient information for determining a full set

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Chesler, Naomi C., Elizabeth Bagley, Eric Breckenfeld, Devin West, and David Williamson Shaffer. "A Virtual Hemodialyzer Design Project for First-Year Engineers: An Epistemic Game Approach." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19178.

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Engineering institutions nationwide are pursuing first-year engineering design courses to attract and retain nontraditional students. However, these courses often have high enrollment rates and can be resource intensive. Virtual design projects offer a potential solution to the physical resources requirements but often result in an overly constrained design space, creating uninteresting or non-challenging design problems. We are developing a design problem within a novel virtual environment (i.e., a game) that provides first-year engineering undergraduates with a more authentic engineering des

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Prates, Raphael, and William Robson Schwartz. "Matching People Across Surveillance Cameras." In XXXII Conference on Graphics, Patterns and Images. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sibgrapi.est.2019.8306.

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This work addresses the person re-identification problem, which consists on matching images of individuals captured by multiple and non-overlapping surveillance cameras. Works from literature tackle this problem proposing robust feature descriptors and matching functions, where the latter is responsible to assign the correct identity for individuals and is the focus of this work. Specifically, we propose two matching methods: the Kernel MBPLS and the Kernel X-CRC. The Kernel MBPLS is a nonlinear regression model that is scalable with respect to the number of cameras and allows the inclusion of

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Sehanine, Kira. "Analysis of requests for psychological help on issues of non-confirmation of identity." In Safety psychology and psychological safety: problems of interaction between theorists and practitioners. «Publishing company «World of science», LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/53mnnpk20-16.

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The article contains the results of the analysis of clients ' requests for psychological help. Most of the requests are related to conflicting ideas about yourself and not being able to solve the situation in this state. Customer requests contain criteria for unsuccessful life scenarios (lack of family or unsuccessful family experience, broken relationships, etc.) and non-confirmation of the identity of the individual.

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Xu, Jing, Xiaofei Hu, Haiying Tang, Richard Kennan, and Karim Azer. "Water-Fat Decomposition by IDEAL-MRI With Phase Estimation: A Method to Determine Chemical Contents In Vivo." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19296.

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High-resolution Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of humans and animals in vivo is routine and non-invasive. Identifying and quantifying chemical composition of tissue from acquired images is a challenge. MR spectroscopy (MRS) may be used to identify chemical components accurately over a finite volume in the tissue. However, the temporal and spatial resolutions are limited. Multi-spectral MRI exploits the multiple modes of MR such as T1, T2 and proton density maps and classifies voxels into different tissue types, but the chemical identity of the tissue remains unknown. Many fat suppression met

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Reports on the topic "Non-Identity Problem"

Amanda, Haynes, and Schweppe Jennifer. Ireland and our LGBT Community. Call It Hate Partnership, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/8065.

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Basic figures: – A large majority of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that gay men and lesbians (88%), bisexual people (87%) and transgender people (85%) “should be free to live their own life as they wish”. – Women were significantly more likely than men to agree with the above statement in respect to every identity group. People aged 25-34 years were significantly more likely than the general population to disagree with the statement. – On average, respondents were comfortable having people with a minority sexual orientation or gender identity as neighbours. Responses were significantly

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