Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis

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Academic literature on the topic 'Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 6 September 2023
Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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Guilbault, G. "Non-invasive biosensors in clinical analysis." Biosensors and Bioelectronics 10, no. 3-4 (1995): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0956-5663(95)96856-t.

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Wu, Chenyu. "Non-Invasive Wearable Sweat and Tear-Based Biosensors for Continuous Health Monitoring." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 55 (July 9, 2023): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v55i.9959.

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Over the years, the continuous advancements within the wearable biosensor field have raised public awareness in exploring new strategies for people's personalized point-of-care testing. Biosensors are multifunctional devices that allow people to quantify a range of biological signals through highly sensitive and small-scale sensing platforms, thus providing users convenience when limiting the need for clinical check-ups and laboratory diagnosis. Via dynamic, non-invasive evaluation of biomarkers in bodily fluids, biosensors are able to provide users with a nearly instant numerical result of the targeted biomarker's level (e.g., glucose, chloride) within their body. Here, this paper mainly focuses on exploring the wide range of sweat and tear-based biosensors' applications and methods to some extent. New generations of sweat-based wearable biosensors have been developed to better monitor one's health status by introducing techniques such as microfluidic sweat collection and Iontophoresis sweat induction methods. Additionally, much investment and effort have been put into developing tear-based wearable biosensors. For example, contact lens-based sensors are the most commonly adopted method for tear analysis, providing a minimally invasive detection of biomarkers.
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Xu, Jing, Yunsheng Fang, and Jun Chen. "Wearable Biosensors for Non-Invasive Sweat Diagnostics." Biosensors 11, no. 8 (2021): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11080245.

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Recent advances in microfluidics, microelectronics, and electrochemical sensing methods have steered the way for the development of novel and potential wearable biosensors for healthcare monitoring. Wearable bioelectronics has received tremendous attention worldwide due to its great a potential for predictive medical modeling and allowing for personalized point-of-care-testing (POCT). They possess many appealing characteristics, for example, lightweight, flexibility, good stretchability, conformability, and low cost. These characteristics make wearable bioelectronics a promising platform for personalized devices. In this paper, we review recent progress in flexible and wearable sensors for non-invasive biomonitoring using sweat as the bio-fluid. Real-time and molecular-level monitoring of personal health states can be achieved with sweat-based or perspiration-based wearable biosensors. The suitability of sweat and its potential in healthcare monitoring, sweat extraction, and the challenges encountered in sweat-based analysis are summarized. The paper also discusses challenges that still hinder the full-fledged development of sweat-based wearables and presents the areas of future research.
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Takke, Anjali, and Pravin Shende. "Non-invasive Biodiversified Sensors: A Modernized Screening Technology for Cancer." Current Pharmaceutical Design 25, no. 38 (2019): 4108–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612825666191022162232.

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Background: Biological sensors revolutionize the method of diagnoses of diseases from early to final stages using the biomarkers present in the body. Biosensors are advantageous due to the involvement of minimal sample collection with improved specificity and sensitivity for the detection of biomarkers. Methods: Conventional biopsies restrict problems like patient non-compliance, cross-infection and high cost and to overcome these issues biological samples like saliva, sweat, urine, tears and sputum progress into clinical and diagnostic research for the development of non-invasive biosensors. This article covers various non-invasive measurements of biological samples, optical-based, mass-based, wearable and smartphone-based biosensors for the detection of cancer. Results: The demand for non-invasive, rapid and economic analysis techniques escalated due to the modernization of the introduction of self-diagnostics and miniature forms of devices. Biosensors have high sensitivity and specificity for whole cells, microorganisms, enzymes, antibodies, and genetic materials. Conclusion: Biosensors provide a reliable early diagnosis of cancer, which results in faster therapeutic outcomes with in-depth fundamental understanding of the disease progression.
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Sardini, Emilio, Mauro Serpelloni, and Sarah Tonello. "Printed Electrochemical Biosensors: Opportunities and Metrological Challenges." Biosensors 10, no. 11 (2020): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios10110166.

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Printed electrochemical biosensors have recently gained increasing relevance in fields ranging from basic research to home-based point-of-care. Thus, they represent a unique opportunity to enable low-cost, fast, non-invasive and/or continuous monitoring of cells and biomolecules, exploiting their electrical properties. Printing technologies represent powerful tools to combine simpler and more customizable fabrication of biosensors with high resolution, miniaturization and integration with more complex microfluidic and electronics systems. The metrological aspects of those biosensors, such as sensitivity, repeatability and stability, represent very challenging aspects that are required for the assessment of the sensor itself. This review provides an overview of the opportunities of printed electrochemical biosensors in terms of transducing principles, metrological characteristics and the enlargement of the application field. A critical discussion on metrological challenges is then provided, deepening our understanding of the most promising trends in order to overcome them: printed nanostructures to improve the limit of detection, sensitivity and repeatability; printing strategies to improve organic biosensor integration in biological environments; emerging printing methods for non-conventional substrates; microfluidic dispensing to improve repeatability. Finally, an up-to-date analysis of the most recent examples of printed electrochemical biosensors for the main classes of target analytes (live cells, nucleic acids, proteins, metabolites and electrolytes) is reported.
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Alduais, Ahmed, Hessah Saad Alarifi, and Hind Alfadda. "Using Biosensors to Detect and Map Language Areas in the Brain for Individuals with Traumatic Brain Injury." Diagnostics 14, no. 14 (2024): 1535. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14141535.

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The application of biosensors in neurolinguistics has significantly advanced the detection and mapping of language areas in the brain, particularly for individuals with brain trauma. This study explores the role of biosensors in this domain and proposes a conceptual model to guide their use in research and clinical practice. The researchers explored the integration of biosensors in language and brain function studies, identified trends in research, and developed a conceptual model based on cluster and thematic analyses. Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted cluster and thematic analyses on data curated from Web of Science, Scopus, and SciSpace, encompassing 392 articles. This dual analysis facilitated the identification of research trends and thematic insights within the field. The cluster analysis highlighted Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) dominance and the importance of neuroplasticity in language recovery. Biosensors such as the Magnes 2500 watt-hour (WH) neuromagnetometer and microwire-based sensors are reliable for real-time monitoring, despite methodological challenges. The proposed model synthesizes these findings, emphasizing biosensors’ potential in preoperative assessments and therapeutic customization. Biosensors are vital for non-invasive, precise mapping of language areas, with fMRI and repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) playing pivotal roles. The conceptual model serves as a strategic framework for employing biosensors and improving neurolinguistic interventions. This research may enhance surgical planning, optimize recovery therapies, and encourage technological advancements in biosensor precision and application protocols.
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Sardarabadi, Parvaneh, Amir Asri Kojabad, Davod Jafari, and Cheng-Hsien Liu. "Liquid Biopsy-Based Biosensors for MRD Detection and Treatment Monitoring in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)." Biosensors 11, no. 10 (2021): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11100394.

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Globally, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer deaths. Despite advancements in chemotherapy and targeted therapies, the 5-year survival rate has remained at 16% for the past forty years. Minimal residual disease (MRD) is described as the existence of either isolated tumour cells or circulating tumour cells in biological liquid of patients after removal of the primary tumour without any clinical signs of cancer. Recently, liquid biopsy has been promising as a non-invasive method of disease monitoring and treatment guidelines as an MRD marker. Liquid biopsy could be used to detect and assess earlier stages of NSCLC, post-treatment MRD, resistance to targeted therapies, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and tumour mutational burden. MRD surveillance has been proposed as a potential marker for lung cancer relapse. Principally, biosensors provide the quantitative analysis of various materials by converting biological functions into quantifiable signals. Biosensors are usually operated to detect antibodies, enzymes, DNA, RNA, extracellular vesicles (EVs) and whole cells. Here, we present a category of biosensors based on the signal transduction method for identifying biosensor-based biomarkers in liquid biopsy specimens to monitor lung cancer treatment.
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Saha, Soumyadeep, Manoj Sachdev, and Sushanta K. Mitra. "Recent advances in label-free optical, electrochemical, and electronic biosensors for glioma biomarkers." Biomicrofluidics 17, no. 1 (2023): 011502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0135525.

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Gliomas are the most commonly occurring primary brain tumor with poor prognosis and high mortality rate. Currently, the diagnostic and monitoring options for glioma mainly revolve around imaging techniques, which often provide limited information and require supervisory expertise. Liquid biopsy is a great alternative or complementary monitoring protocol that can be implemented along with other standard diagnosis protocols. However, standard detection schemes for sampling and monitoring biomarkers in different biological fluids lack the necessary sensitivity and ability for real-time analysis. Lately, biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technology has attracted significant attention due to several advantageous features, including high sensitivity and specificity, high-throughput analysis, minimally invasive, and multiplexing ability. In this review article, we have focused our attention on glioma and presented a literature survey summarizing the diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers associated with glioma. Further, we discussed different biosensory approaches reported to date for the detection of specific glioma biomarkers. Current biosensors demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, which can be used for point-of-care devices or liquid biopsies. However, for real clinical applications, these biosensors lack high-throughput and multiplexed analysis, which can be achieved via integration with microfluidic systems. We shared our perspective on the current state-of-the-art different biosensor-based diagnostic and monitoring technologies reported and the future research scopes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review focusing on biosensors for glioma detection, and it is anticipated that the review will offer a new pathway for the development of such biosensors and related diagnostic platforms.
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Kang, Min-Ji, Yeon-Woo Cho, and Tae-Hyung Kim. "Progress in Nano-Biosensors for Non-Invasive Monitoring of Stem Cell Differentiation." Biosensors 13, no. 5 (2023): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios13050501.

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Non-invasive, non-destructive, and label-free sensing techniques are required to monitor real-time stem cell differentiation. However, conventional analysis methods, such as immunocytochemistry, polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot, involve invasive processes and are complicated and time-consuming. Unlike traditional cellular sensing methods, electrochemical and optical sensing techniques allow non-invasive qualitative identification of cellular phenotypes and quantitative analysis of stem cell differentiation. In addition, various nano- and micromaterials with cell-friendly properties can greatly improve the performance of existing sensors. This review focuses on nano- and micromaterials that have been reported to improve sensing capabilities, including sensitivity and selectivity, of biosensors towards target analytes associated with specific stem cell differentiation. The information presented aims to motivate further research into nano-and micromaterials with advantageous properties for developing or improving existing nano-biosensors to achieve the practical evaluation of stem cell differentiation and efficient stem cell-based therapies.
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Awad, Atheer, Lucía Rodríguez-Pombo, Paula Esteiro Simón, et al. "Smartphone Biosensors for Non-Invasive Drug Monitoring in Saliva." Biosensors 15, no. 3 (2025): 163. https://doi.org/10.3390/bios15030163.

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In recent years, biosensors have emerged as a promising solution for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), offering automated systems for rapid chemical analyses with minimal pre-treatment requirements. The use of saliva as a biological sample matrix offers distinct advantages, including non-invasiveness, cost-effectiveness, and reduced susceptibility to fluid intake fluctuations compared to alternative methods. The aim of this study was to explore and compare two types of low-cost biosensors, namely, the colourimetric and electrochemical methodologies, for quantifying paracetamol (acetaminophen) concentrations within artificial saliva using the MediMeter app, which has been specifically developed for this application. The research encompassed extensive optimisations and methodological refinements to ensure the results were robust and reliable. Material selection and parameter adjustments minimised external interferences, enhancing measurement accuracy. Both the colourimetric and electrochemical methods successfully determined paracetamol concentrations within the therapeutic range of 0.01–0.05 mg/mL (R2 = 0.939 for colourimetric and R2 = 0.988 for electrochemical). While both techniques offered different advantages, the electrochemical approach showed better precision (i.e., standard deviation of response = 0.1041 mg/mL) and speed (i.e., ~1 min). These findings highlight the potential use of biosensors in drug concentration determination, with the choice of technology dependent on specific application requirements. The development of an affordable, non-invasive and rapid biosensing system holds promise for remote drug concentration monitoring, reducing the need for invasive approaches and hospital visits. Future research could extend these methodologies to practical clinical applications, encouraging the use of TDM for enhanced precision, accessibility, and real-time patient-centric care.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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Behar, Joachim. "Extraction of clinical information from the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:94b866ff-dd57-4446-85ae-79dd6d983cac.

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Estimation of the fetal heart rate (FHR) has gained interest in the last century; low heart rate variability has been studied to identify intrauterine growth restricted fetuses (prepartum), and abnormal FHR patterns have been associated with fetal distress during delivery (intrapartum). Several monitoring techniques have been proposed for FHR estimation, including auscultation and Doppler ultrasound. This thesis focuses on the extraction of the non-invasive fetal electrocardiogram (NI-FECG) recorded from a limited set of abdominal sensors. The main challenge with NI-FECG extraction techniques is the low signal-to-noise ratio of the FECG signal on the abdominal mixture signal which consists of a dominant maternal ECG component, FECG and noise. However the NI-FECG offers many advantages over the alternative fetal monitoring techniques, the most important one being the opportunity to enable morphological analysis of the FECG which is vital for determining whether an observed FHR event is normal or pathological. In order to advance the field of NI-FECG signal processing, the development of standardised public databases and benchmarking of a number of published and novel algorithms was necessary. Databases were created depending on the application: FHR estimation with or without maternal chest lead reference or directed toward FECG morphology analysis. Moreover, a FECG simulator was developed in order to account for pathological cases or rare events which are often under-represented (or completely missing) in the existing databases. This simulator also serves as a tool for studying NI-FECG signal processing algorithms aimed at morphological analysis (which require underlying ground truth annotations). An accurate technique for the automatic estimation of the signal quality level was also developed, optimised and thoroughly tested on pathological cases. Such a technique is mandatory for any clinical applications of FECG analysis as an external confidence index of both the input signals and the analysis outputs. Finally, a Bayesian filtering approach was implemented in order to address the NI-FECG morphology analysis problem. It was shown, for the first time, that the NI-FECG can allow accurate estimation of the fetal QT interval, which opens the way for new clinical studies on the development of the fetus during the pregnancy.
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Nyström, Josefina. "Multivariate non-invasive measurements of skin disorders." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Chemistry, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-865.

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<p>The present thesis proposes new methods for obtaining objective and accurate diagnoses in modern healthcare. Non-invasive techniques have been used to examine or diagnose three different medical conditions, namely neuropathy among diabetics, radiotherapy induced erythema (skin redness) among breast cancer patients and diagnoses of cutaneous malignant melanoma. The techniques used were Near-InfraRed spectroscopy (NIR), Multi Frequency Bio Impedance Analysis of whole body (MFBIA-body), Laser Doppler Imaging (LDI) and Digital Colour Photography (DCP).</p><p>The neuropathy for diabetics was studied in papers I and II. The first study was performed on diabetics and control subjects of both genders. A separation was seen between males and females and therefore the data had to be divided in order to obtain good models. NIR spectroscopy was shown to be a viable technique for measuring neuropathy once the division according to gender was made. The second study on diabetics, where MFBIA-body was added to the analysis, was performed on males exclusively. Principal component analysis showed that healthy reference subjects tend to separate from diabetics. Also, diabetics with severe neuropathy separate from persons less affected.</p><p>The preliminary study presented in paper III was performed on breast cancer patients in order to investigate if NIR, LDI and DCP were able to detect radiotherapy induced erythema. The promising results in the preliminary study motivated a new and larger study. This study, presented in papers IV and V, intended to investigate the measurement techniques further but also to examine the effect that two different skin lotions, Essex and Aloe vera have on the development of erythema. The Wilcoxon signed rank sum test showed that DCP and NIR could detect erythema, which is developed during one week of radiation treatment. LDI was able to detect erythema developed during two weeks of treatment. None of the techniques could detect any differences between the two lotions regarding the development of erythema.</p><p>The use of NIR to diagnose cutaneous malignant melanoma is presented as unpublished results in this thesis. This study gave promising but inconclusive results. NIR could be of interest for future development of instrumentation for diagnosis of skin cancer.</p>
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GRILLO, ANDREA. "Non-invasive evaluation of myocardial supply-demand balance from the analysis of pulse waveform: from validation to clinical application." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241149.

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La valutazione del bilancio tra l'apporto e la domanda di ossigeno nel miocardio è utile per predire e diagnosticare l'ischemia miocardica e l'infarto miocardico di tipo 2, condizioni che rappresentano una parte crescente del carico sanitario delle malattie cardiovascolari e la cui incidenza è in rapido aumento a causa dell’invecchiamento. Nella sua valutazione originale, ottenuta mediante registrazioni invasive, questo equilibrio è calcolato come il rapporto tra l'apporto di ossigeno, definito come l'area tra la pressione aortica e quella ventricolare sinistra durante la diastole (indice diastolico di pressione-tempo) e il consumo di ossigeno, definito come l'area sotto la curva di pressione durante la sistole (indice sistolico di pressione-tempo). Questo rapporto è chiamato SEVR (Subendocardial Viability Ratio) e può anche essere calcolato dall'analisi dell'onda di pressione centrale ottenuta non-invasivamente dalla tonometria arteriosa carotidea, dividendo le aree tra le curve di pressione diastolica e sistolica. La valutazione non invasiva convenzionale del SEVR mediante tonometria arteriosa è influenzata da alcune limitazioni metodologiche, che sono l'esclusione dal calcolo del tempo di contrazione isovolumetrico nell'indice sistolico pressione-tempo e l'esclusione della pressione diastolica ventricolare sinistra dall'indice diastolico pressione-tempo. Inoltre, la calibrazione dell'onda di pressione centrale derivata dalla tonometria carotidea può essere influenzata dal modo di calcolare la pressione arteriosa media dalla pressione arteriosa brachiale, che è necessaria per scalare la forma d'onda centrale. Questa tesi presenta una serie di studi volti a superare queste limitazioni, al fine di elaborare una forma corretta del SEVR e di validarlo contro la sua controparte invasiva e come un predittore clinico. Viene presentata una metodologia per calcolare in modo affidabile gli intervalli di tempo sistolico (tempo di contrazione isovolumetrica e periodo pre-eiettivo) da tonometria arteriosa con ECG, eseguita a livello carotideo e femorale, e viene quindi applicata in soggetti con o senza malattia cardiovascolare. È stata quindi affrontata la questione del calcolo della pressione arteriosa media dalla pressione arteriosa brachiale, in quanto è stata evidenziata una considerevole variabilità interindividuale e intraindividuale nel fattore di forma della pressione brachiale, nella popolazione generale di diverse età e nei pazienti ipertesi. L'approccio migliore per la calibrazione della pressione centrale non invasiva risiede nell'integrazione delle forme d'onda di pressione o, quando non applicabile, nell'uso di un algoritmo appropriato per il calcolo del fattore di forma brachiale. È stata quindi dimostrata una buona correlazione del SEVR determinato in modo invasivo, in pazienti sottoposti a cateterismo cardiaco, con il nuovo SEVR non invasivo calcolato mediante tonometria arteriosa e corretto considerando i tempi sistolici e la pressione diastolica ventricolare sinistra. Un'equazione per la stima della pressione diastolica ventricolare sinistra è stata derivata da parametri non invasivi della tonometria arteriosa e dai dati invasivi. Il nuovo SEVR è stato infine applicato nella coorte PARTAGE, un ampio studio di popolazione di individui di età maggiore di 80 anni. SEVR è risultato essere un predittore indipendente della mortalità totale nei soggetti anziani. In questa popolazione si può considerare un valore soglia di 100 per il SEVR. In sintesi, è stata creata e validata clinicamente una nuova formulazione di un indice (SEVR) per la valutazione del bilancio tra domanda e offerta di ossigeno al miocardio, ottenibile mediante tonometria arteriosa non invasiva.<br>The evaluation of the balance between oxygen supply and demand in the myocardium is useful for predicting and diagnosing myocardial ischemia and type-2 myocardial infarction, conditions that represent a growing part of the health burden of cardiovascular disease, and whose incidence is rapidly increasing due to an ageing population. In its original assessment by invasive registrations, this balance is calculated as the ratio between the oxygen supply, defined as the area between the aortic and left ventricular pressures during diastole (diastolic pressure-time index), and the oxygen consumption, defined as the area under the pressure curve during systole (systolic pressure-time index). This ratio is called SEVR (Subendocardial Viability Ratio) and may also be calculated from the analysis of the non-invasively determined central pressure wave obtained by carotid arterial tonometry, by dividing areas between the diastolic and systolic pressure curves. The conventional non-invasive assessment of SEVR by arterial tonometry is affected by some methodological limitations, that are the exclusion from the calculation of isovolumetric systolic time in the systolic pressure-time index and the exclusion of left ventricular diastolic pressure from diastolic pressure-time index. Moreover, the calibration of central pressure wave derived from carotid tonometry can be affected by the way of calculating mean arterial pressure from brachial cuff blood pressure, which is necessary for scaling the central waveform. This thesis presents a series of studies conducted to overcome the limitations mentioned above, in order to elaborate a corrected form of the SEVR and to validate it against its invasive counterpart and as a clinical predictor. A methodology to reliably calculate the systolic-time intervals (isovolumetric ejection time and pre-ejection period) from ECG-gated arterial tonometry performed at the carotid and femoral levels, is presented and applied in subjects with or without cardiovascular disease. The issue of calculation of mean arterial pressure from brachial cuff blood pressure was then addressed, as a considerable interindividual and intraindividual variability in brachial pressure form-factor was evidenced in general population of different ages and in hypertensive patients. The best approach for calibration of non-invasive central blood pressure waveform resides in the integration of pressure waveforms, or, when not applicable, in the use of an appropriate algorithm for calculation of brachial form factor. A good correlation of the invasively determined SEVR, in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization, was then demonstrated with the new non-invasive SEVR calculated by arterial tonometry and corrected by considering systolic time intervals and the left ventricular diastolic pressure. An equation for the estimation of left ventricular diastolic pressure was derived from non-invasive parameters of arterial tonometry and the invasive data. The new SEVR was finally applied in the PARTAGE cohort, a large population study of individuals 80 years of age and older living in nursing homes. SEVR was found to be an independent predictor of total mortality in the elderly subjects. A threshold value for SEVR of 100 may be considered in this population. In summary, a new formulation of an index (SEVR) for the evaluation of myocardial supply-demand balance from non-invasive arterial tonometry was created and clinically validated.
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Lindsay, Angus John Chisholm. "Acute and chronic individualised psychophysiological stress assessment of elite athletes through non-invasive biochemical analysis." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Biological Sciences, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10737.

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Intense exercise is known to cause alterations in the psychophysiological status of an athlete. Monitoring the health and recovery of an athlete is imperative for the maintenance of performance and reduced fatigue and injury incidence. The physicality associated with select sports results in significant elevations and suppression of psychophysiological biomarkers that are often modulated by game-related impacts, intense training regimes and psychosocial aspects associated with the professional era. The aim of the studies outlined in this thesis were to determine the effectiveness of selected “stress” markers in several sports that result in significant “stress”, and quantify the level of acute and chronic “stress” following individual games and competitions to improve athlete management and recovery. Study one aimed at developing a new strong-cation exchange high performance liquid chromatography (SCX-HPLC) method for the detection and quantification of urinary pterins and creatinine in a body-building cohort completing high intensity resistance training. The method had an intra- and inter-assay variability of 3.04 % and 5.42 % respectively, with visibly clear peaks and no tailing. Urinary neopterin (NP) and 7,8-dihydroneopterin during a week of competitive natural body-building did not significantly change indicating no alteration in immune system function and oxidative stress. It did provide evidence for the use of specific gravity as a similarly reliable method for urine volume correction following exercise. Study two focused on a playoff game of elite amateur rugby. The time course changes of NP, cortisol, salivary immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and myoglobin in 11 elite amateur rugby players were measured up to 86 hours post-game. Cortisol increased 4-fold, myoglobin 2.85-fold, NP 1.75-fold and total NP 2.3-fold, all significant, whilst sIgA did not change. All markers returned to baseline within 17 hours providing valuable information for sample collection schedule optimization. Respiratory elastance was also measured by ventilation for the assessment of exercise induced lung inflammation/injury following the game (Chapter three). There was an increase in elastance in selected individuals that did not correlate with either global positioning system (GPS) or impact data. It was shown however, that a ventilator is capable of measuring respiratory changes in a conscious and healthy individual. Study three focused on the final three games of professional rugby in the 2013 ITM Cup. The acute and cumulative changes in the same four markers were analysed following three home games. There were significant increases in NP, total NP, cortisol and myoglobin along with significant suppression of sIgA (p < 0.05). Large intra- and inter-individual variation existed between players with changes associated with total impacts. Moreover, impact induced muscle damage may account for changes in oxidative status. Specific gravity (SG) was shown to be a more reliable marker for urine volume correction in comparison to creatinine; while some players showed signs of cumulative stress. Study four examined stress in a professional team throughout the 22 week 2014 Super 15 competition. Part one investigated changes in oxidative stress and muscle damage markers to solidify the muscle damage/oxidative status theory postulated in the previous study. Experimental evidence showed iron and myoglobin are separately capable of oxidizing 7,8-dihydroneopterin to NP in vitro. It was then identified that players who suffered the greatest muscle damage as a result of impacts also had the greatest change in oxidative status (NP). This evidence suggests rugby union induces significant alterations in oxidative status that may be exacerbated by the impact induced release of myoglobin. Part two measured urinary NT-proBNP during the last two consecutive home games to identify whether rugby union causes significant cardiovascular stress and if the pre to post-game change can be explained by GPS technology. Significant individualized elevations were observed in games one and two which did not correlate with any GPS measurements or impacts. Concentrations returned to normal ~ 36 hours post-game suggesting no permanent damage to cardiac muscle had occurred. The lack of correlation suggests GPS technology is not an accurate measure of cardiovascular stress in professional rugby union. Part three involved the measurement of cortisol, total NP and sIgA throughout the season to assess the degree of cumulative stress. Samples were taken at regular intervals ~ 36 hours post-game for 22 weeks. Extreme inter-individual variation was present. Select individuals showed continual elevation in immune system activation and psychophysiological stress, whilst others presented with a continual decline in immune system function. Collectively however, minor deviations from baseline in all markers were observed and participation in long distance travel did not significantly affect the psychophysiological status of the group. Together this suggests a season does not cause an accumulation in psychophysiological stress, although careful individual player analysis is warranted. Understanding rugby union positional demands is essential for training program specification and position specific development of players. Part four used GPS, video-analysis and biochemical analysis to identify positional demands in five regular season games. Forwards tended to be involved in more impacts and covered less distance, while backs covered more distance and carried the ball into contact more regularly. There was no difference in the psychophysiological status between positions indicating both aspects of stress (impacts and distance covered) may induce a similar response. Alternatively, individual biological variation may be solely responsible for this change suggesting careful consideration should be given when using traditional work-load measures such as GPS when quantifying “stress”. Part five assessed the effectiveness of varied recovery interventions. Total NP, cortisol, myoglobin and sIgA were measured pre- post- and ~ 36 hours post game to identify which intervention was most effective at returning players to a psychophysiological state that allowed for the resumption of normal training. Findings concluded the immediate post-game strategy employed by the team (cold bath, consumption of protein and carbohydrates, compression garments and eight hours sleep) seemed to provide the greatest psychophysiological improvement regardless of the “next-day” intervention. There was large inter-individual variation and players were still in a state of recovery ~ 36 hours post-game as indicated by the elevated total NP and sIgA concentrations. Study five had four aspects. Develop a new, cost-effective and simple reverse phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) method for the quantification of urinary myoglobin in a clinically relevant range, quantify the level of structural stress following a simulated mixed martial arts (MMA) contest, determine whether cold water immersion attenuates the level of inflammation and muscle damage following a contest, and whether this hypothesized attenuation may be explained by cryotherapy induced mononuclear cell activation suppression in vitro. The RP-HPLC method had an intra- and inter-assay variations from 0.32 - 2.94 %. Linearity was in the range of 5 – 1000 µg/mL which detected significant increases in urinary myoglobin following the MMA contest. Total NP was found to significantly increase following the contest and return to approximately pre-contest levels 24 hours later for the passive group only. Cold water immersion was further found to attenuate the total NP increase in the first two hours post-contest solidifying its use as a recovery technique following intense exercise, while cryotherapy significantly suppressed T-cell activation. This study provides a reliable and repeatable assay for muscle damage quantification in a clinically relevant range, evidence of the physicality associated with MMA, and indicates cold water immersion is a reliable recovery intervention that may impart its positive benefits through T-cell suppression. The data generated by these investigations highlights the necessity for individual physiological analysis. Group data often masks the extreme variation that exists in clinical and exercise trials where treatment and management of athletes is conducted for recovery and performance. Biochemical analysis provides an added sophistication of work-load and psychophysiological assessment that common technological methods cannot emulate. With a lack of correlation between the quantitative changes in specific non-overlapping biomarkers and GPS, video-analysis and questionnaires, it would seem pertinent to develop a non-invasive quantitative approach in elite sport to understand the level of exercise-induced psychophysiological stress for the precise management of athletes.
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Pugliese, Federico. "Clinical assessment methodology for the in-vivo measurement of pain and discomfort in patients with standard metal and PEEK total knee replacement." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.

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Total knee replacement represents the main solution to treat end-stage osteoarthritis. The procedure can vastly impact the surrounding structures of the joint, impairing its functionality and stability. Various complications may follow the surgery: pain, discomfort, soreness, stiffness, infection, and swelling. They can be evaluated through specific diagnostic tools. The purpose of this thesis is to study the possible non-invasive methodologies and develop a clinical protocol to compare different prosthetic implants and materials. The analysed solutions are the conventional metal alloy (CoCr) device and a newly developed polymeric (PEEK) femoral insert. Two distinct tools are introduced to evaluate joint swelling and superficial temperature: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Infrared Thermography (IR). These factors can vastly undermine knee functionality: an unsuccessful treatment can accelerate the deterioration and wear rate of the articular surfaces. An assessment protocol is developed for both techniques to investigate the variations of the selected parameters. Daily life stress conditions are simulated to analyse the typical response of the prosthetic implant. The recorded data are confronted with thresholds from the literature. A feasibility test is also performed on three healthy subjects to explore the reliability of a BIA-based follow-up in standard conditions and with local ice application on the knee joint. The evaluated parameters are resistance, reactance, and phase angle. The obtained average ICC values are 0.93, 0.87, and 0.50, respectively. The results show an excellent accuracy and sensitivity to small variations of fluid accumulation. No differences (p>0.05) are found regarding the local ice application in the different time frames. This approach may represent a promising and viable alternative in the follow-up of TKA patients. Further studies are needed to investigate the range of application of the two techniques.
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Patout, Maxime. "Evaluation des techniques pour la prise en charge diagnostique et thérapeutique de l'insuffisance respiratoire chronique A Randomized controlled trial on the effect of needle gauge on the pain and anxiety experienced during radial arterial puncture Long term survival following initiation of home non-invasive ventilation : a European study Neural respiratory drive predicts long-term outcome following admission for exacerbation of COPD : a post hoc analysis Neural respiratory drive and cardiac function in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome following initiation of non-invasive ventilation Polysomnography versus limited respiratory monitoring and nurse-led titration to optimise non-invasive ventilation set-up a pilot randomised clinical trial Chronic ventilator service Step-down from non-invasive ventilation to continuous positive airway pressure : a better phenotyping is required AVAPS-AE versus ST mode : a randomized controlled trial in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome Technological advances in home non-invasive ventilation monitoring : reliability of data and effect on patient outcomes Efficacy of a home discharge care bundle after acute exacerbation of COPD Prediction of severe acute exacerbation using changes in breathing pattern of COPD patients on home noninvasive ventilation Charasteristics and outcome of patients set up on high-flow oxygen therapy at home Trial of portable continuous positive airway pressure for the management of tracheobronchomalacia." Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMR115.

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L’insuffisance respiratoire chronique est un syndrome défini par une défaillance monoviscéralerespiratoire. Sa principale origine est aujourd’hui le syndrome obésité-hypoventilation qui concerne 4 à 5% des patients obèses. L’IRC est aussi le stade évolutif terminal de la bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive qui touche 6 à 8% de la population adulte. L’incidence de ces pathologies et donc de l’insuffisance respiratoire est en augmentation constante. Dans cette thèse, nous avons évalué les nouvelles modalités diagnostiques et thérapeutiques qui pourraient améliorer la prise en charge des patients atteints d’insuffisance respiratoire chronique.Concernant la prise en charge diagnostique, nous avons montré que les données fournies par l’électromyographie de surface des muscles intercostaux, outil qui évalue le travail respiratoire, constituent un marqueur pronostique indépendant chez les patients atteints de bronchopneumopathie chronique obstructive. Nous avons également montré leur pertinence pour prédire l’efficacité clinique et l’observance à la ventilation non-invasive à domicile.Concernant la prise en charge thérapeutique, nous avons montré que l’utilisation d’un mode semi-automatisé de ventilation non-invasive a la même efficacité que celle de modes classiques en permettant une mise en place plus rapide du traitement. Nous avons également rapporté l’intérêt de l’oxygénothérapie à haut débit au domicile alors que ce traitement était utilisé jusque-là dans le seul cadre des soins intensifs. Enfin, nous avons rapporté les bénéfices de la pression positive continue au cours de l’effort chez les patients ayant une trachéobronchomalacie. Concernant le suivi des patients, nous avons montré que les données des logiciels de ventilation non invasive permettent de prédire la survenue d’une exacerbation sévère de BPCO mais que l’utilisation de la télémédecine chez les patients insuffisants respiratoires chroniques ne peut être encore pleinement intégrée dans la pratique clinique. Au cours de cette thèse, nous avons identifié de nouveaux outils physiologiques, de nouvelles modalités d’administration des traitements et de nouveaux outils de suivi à domicile, à même d’améliorer la prise en charge des patients insuffisants respiratoires chroniques<br>Single-organ respiratory failure defines chronic respiratory failure. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome is the main cause of chronic respiratory failure and occurs in 4 to 5% of obese patients. Chronic respiratory failure is also the end-stage evolution of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease that has a prevalence of 6 to 8% in the adult population. The incidence of these diseases increases so does the incidence of chronic respiratory failure. In this thesis, we will evaluate novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities that could improve the care of patients with chronic respiratory failure. Regarding diagnostic modalities, we have seen that evaluating the work of breathing with surface parasternal electromyography was an independent prognostic marker in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We have also seen that it was a relevant tool to predict the clinicalefficacy and compliance to home non-invasive ventilation. Regarding therapeutic modalities, we have shown that the use of a semi-automatic mode of non-invasive ventilation had the same efficacy of a standard mode with a shorter length of stay for its setup. We have shown the relevance and feasibility of the use of high-flow oxygen therapy in the home setting whilst it was only used in intensive care units. Finally, we have shown the benefits of continuous positive airway pressure during exertion in patients with tracheobronchomalacia. Regarding patients’ follow-up, we have shown that the use of data from built-in software could predict the onset of a severe exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, we also show that the implementation of tele-medicine in patients with chronic respiratory failure cannot be included in daily clinical practice yet. In this thesis, we have identified novel physiological tools, novel ways to administer treatments and novel follow-up tools that can improve the management of patients with chronic respiratory failure
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Soni, Anuradha. "Development of non-invasive biosensors for clinical analysis." Thesis, 2018. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7653.

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Peng, X. "Non-invasive reservoir pressure parameters : measurement and clinical relevance." Thesis, 2019. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/31752/1/Peng_whole_thesis.pdf.

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High blood pressure (BP) is the single greatest risk factor for death from cardiovascular diseases (CVD). High BP is conventionally defined by the systolic BP and diastolic BP, which are the peak and nadir points on the BP waveform, but cannot comprehensively represent systemic arterial haemodynamics. The reservoir-excess pressure model, which was proposed to analyse the BP waveform, provides potentially new information regarding arterial haemodynamics. The reservoir-excess pressure model interprets the BP waveform into a reservoir pressure (RP), which is related to the buffering capacity of elastic arteries, and into an excess pressure (XSP), which is ascribed to wave propagation in the arterial system. Furthermore, reservoir pressure parameters (e.g. RP, XSP and the associated systolic rate constant) have been shown to predict cardiovascular events independent of standard BP and other conventional cardiovascular risk factors. However, non-invasive measurement of reservoir pressure parameters is technically challenging, which limits the widespread application of reservoir pressure parameters. Thus, the overall aims of this research programme were to determine whether reservoir pressure parameters could be non-invasively measured in the human upper arm using an oscillometric cuff device, and further to determine whether cuff device-measured reservoir pressure parameters were clinically relevant – this was assessed by association with cardiovascular risk markers. In chapter 2, the change in reservoir pressure parameters from the aorta to the brachial and radial arteries was invasively investigated in 51 participants undergoing coronary angiography. A relatively constant RP and an amplified XSP were observed from the aorta to the brachial and radial arteries. These observations provide a new understanding on arterial reservoir pressure parameters and large artery BP physiology. In chapter 3, the performance of an oscillometric cuff device for measuring the central BP was investigated in 182 people with treated hypertension. The central BP parameters derived from the cuff device were substantially equivalent to the central BP parameters measured using the non-invasive reference standard (radial tonometry) method. This finding is the basis of accurately deriving the reservoir pressure parameters from cuff-based device-measured central BP waveforms. In chapter 4, whether reservoir pressure parameters could be non-invasively derived from the cuff device-measured brachial or central BP waveform was examined in comparison to true invasive aortic measures among 163 participants undergoing coronary angiography. The brachial-cuff method estimated reservoir pressure parameters had higher concordance with the intra-aortic measures than did the central-cuff method estimated reservoir pressure parameters. In chapter 5, brachial-cuff reservoir pressure parameters were applied in a large population of Australian adults (n=1874) to examine the potential clinical relevance. Brachial-cuff reservoir pressure parameters were significantly associated with cardiovascular risk markers, indicating their potential clinical significance for predicting cardiovascular risk. In summary, this thesis determined that reservoir pressure parameters could be reliably estimated on the brachial artery using the non-invasive cuff device, and that these cuff reservoir pressure parameters were related to cardiovascular risk markers. Overall, this research program provides novel information that increases understanding of the reservoir-excess pressure model in humans.
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Santos, Ana Cláudia Pereira. "Comparative analysis of the performance of non invasive ventilation in post-extubation episodes in a pediatric ICU." Master's thesis, 2018. https://hdl.handle.net/10216/112236.

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Santos, Ana Cláudia Pereira. "Comparative analysis of the performance of non invasive ventilation in post-extubation episodes in a pediatric ICU." Dissertação, 2018. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/112236.

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Books on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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Córcoles, Emma P. Biosensors and Invasive Monitoring in Clinical Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2013.

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Iyer, Brijesh, and Nagendra Prasad Pathak. Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Iyer, Brijesh, and Nagendra Prasad Pathak. Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Iyer, Brijesh, and Nagendra Prasad Pathak. Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Iyer, Brijesh, and Nagendra Prasad Pathak. Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis. Taylor & Francis Group, 2018.

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Glannon, Walter. Psychiatric Neuroethics II. Edited by John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford, and Werdie (C W. ). van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732372.013.31.

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I discuss ethical issues relating to interventions other than intracranial surgery and psychopharmacology for psychiatric disorders. I question the distinction between “invasive” and “non-invasive” techniques applying electrical stimulation to the brain, arguing that this should be replaced by a distinction between more and less invasive techniques. I discuss electroconvulsive therapy (ECT); it can be a relatively safe and effective treatment for some patients with depression. I consider transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation (tCS); the classification of these techniques as non-invasive may lead to underestimation of their risks. I discuss how placebos can justifiably be prescribed non-deceptively and even deceptively in clinical settings. An analysis of neurofeedback as the neuromodulating technique most likely to promote autonomy/control for some conditions follows. Finally, I examine biomarkers identified through genetic screening and neuroimaging; they might contribute to more accurate prediction and diagnosis, more effective treatment, and possibly prevention of psychiatric disorders.
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De Deyne, Cathy, and Jo Dens. Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0016.

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Many techniques are currently available for cerebral physiological monitoring in the intensive cardiac care unit environment. The ultimate goal of cerebral monitoring applied during the acute care of any patient with/or at risk of a neurological insult is the early detection of regional or global hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral insults. In the most ideal situation, cerebral monitoring should enable the detection of any deterioration before irreversible brain damage occurs or should at least enable the preservation of current brain function (such as in comatose patients after cardiac arrest). Most of the information that affects bedside care of patients with acute neurologic disturbances is now derived from clinical examination and from knowledge of the pathophysiological changes in cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral function. Online monitoring of these changes can be realized by many non-invasive techniques, without neglecting clinical examination and basic physiological variables such as invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring or arterial blood gas analysis.
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De Deyne, Cathy, Ward Eertmans, and Jo Dens. Neurological assessment of the acute cardiac care patient. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0016_update_001.

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Many techniques are currently available for cerebral physiological monitoring in the intensive cardiac care unit environment. The ultimate goal of cerebral monitoring applied during the acute care of any patient with/or at risk of a neurological insult is the early detection of regional or global hypoxic/ischaemic cerebral insults. In the most ideal situation, cerebral monitoring should enable the detection of any deterioration before irreversible brain damage occurs or should at least enable the preservation of current brain function (such as in comatose patients after cardiac arrest). Most of the information that affects bedside care of patients with acute neurologic disturbances is now derived from clinical examination and from knowledge of the pathophysiological changes in cerebral perfusion, cerebral oxygenation, and cerebral function. Online monitoring of these changes can be realized by many non-invasive techniques, without neglecting clinical examination and basic physiological variables—with possible impact on optimal cerebral perfusion/oxygenation—such as invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring or arterial blood gas analysis.
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Magee, Patrick, and Mark Tooley. Intraoperative monitoring. Edited by Jonathan G. Hardman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0043.

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Chapter 25 introduced some basic generic principles applicable to many measurement and monitoring techniques. Chapter 43 introduces those principles not covered in Chapter 25 and discusses in detail the clinical applications and limitations of the many monitoring techniques available to the modern clinical anaesthetist. It starts with non-invasive blood pressure measurement, including clinical and automated techniques. This is followed by techniques of direct blood pressure measurement, noting that transducers and calibration have been discussed in Chapter 25. This is followed by electrocardiography. There then follows a section on the different methods of measuring cardiac output, including the pulmonary artery catheter, the application of ultrasound in echocardiography, pulse contour analysis (LiDCO™ and PiCCO™), and transthoracic electrical impedance. Pulse oximetry is then discussed in some detail. Depth of anaesthesia monitoring is then described, starting with the electroencephalogram and its application in BIS™ monitors, the use of evoked potentials, and entropy. There then follow sections on gas pressure measurement in cylinders and in breathing systems, followed by gas volume and flow measurement, including the rotameter, spirometry, and the pneumotachograph, and the measurement of lung dead space and functional residual capacity using body plethysmography and dilution techniques. The final section is on respiratory gas analysis, starting with light refractometry as the standard against which other techniques are compared, infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and Raman spectroscopy (the principles of these techniques having been introduced in Chapter 25), piezoelectric and paramagnetic analysers, polarography and fuel cells, and blood gas analysis.
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Book chapters on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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Palleschi, G., D. Compagnone, G. J. Lubrano, M. H. Faridnia, and G. G. Guilbault. "Biosensors for Electrochemical Non Invasive Analysis." In Uses of Immobilized Biological Compounds. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1932-0_48.

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Johnson, Gary R., and Tassos C. Kyriakides. "Principles of Analysis." In Clinical Trials Design in Operative and Non Operative Invasive Procedures. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-53877-8_17.

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López-de-Ipiña, K., J. Solé-Casals, U. Martinez de Lizarduy, et al. "Non-invasive Biosignal Analysis Oriented to Early Diagnosis and Monitoring of Cognitive Impairments." In Converging Clinical and Engineering Research on Neurorehabilitation II. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46669-9_141.

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Tarımeri Köseer, Nur. "Current Biosensor Designs and Applications for Early Detection of Neurodegenerative Diseases." In Advancements in Biosensors: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications. Özgür Yayınları, 2025. https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub815.c3425.

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The most common neurodegenerative diseases worldwide are Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. These diseases occur when the brain and peripheral nervous system gradually lose their function or result in the death of nerve cells. Thus, a healthy life depends on the early detection of neurodegenerative illnesses. Because of the high expense, limited sensitivity, and drawbacks of conventional diagnostic techniques, currently available biosensor technologies enable the development of alternative techniques for the early identification of neurodegenerative illnesses. Biosensors make it possible to quickly, sensitively, and usually non-invasively identify biomarkers of certain neurodegenerative disorders by using bioreceptors and transducers (optical, piezoelectric and electrochemical techniques). Together with these biomarkers, exosomal microRNA and Tau oligomer biomarkers also make effective detection possible. A thorough analysis of research employing biosensor technology for the early detection of neurodegenerative illnesses is provided in this section. These include discussion of several biosensor kinds, their operation, clinical uses with various immobilization techniques, and upcoming advancements.
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Hawkins, Stacy. "Computerized Image Analysis of Clinical Photos." In Handbook of Non-Invasive Methods and the Skin, Second Edition. CRC Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/9781420003307-18.

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Kumari, Suman, Paridhi Puri, Deepak Suthar, Kamlesh, S. L. Patel, and Himanshu. "Introduction to Biosensors: An Overview." In Sensing Materials and Devices for Biomarkers. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1039/9781837673230-00001.

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Early disease diagnosis and management are crucial aspects of healthcare and research. Biomarker recognition is one of the vital techniques that efficiently provides real-time and precise biological information for early diagnosis. Biomarkers are used as crucial biological indicators in medical exploration and treatment. The examination of biomarkers has evolved into a promising non-invasive means for safe, informal and pain-free monitoring, with the potential to amend the current methods of medical analysis and management. Rapid progress in sensor technology, has led to the development of high-performance sensors for human health monitoring. Since as early as 1867, molecular sensors have been renowned as intelligent devices capable of addressing various issues associated with our environment and health. In the human healthcare system, sensors are garnering interest owing to their high potential to provide incessant and immediate physiological and chemical information, as well as non-invasive measurements of biomarkers in human bio-fluids such as saliva, tears, sweat, interstitial fluid, and human volatiles. In this chapter, we have concisely described numerous types of biosensing units and their operation as well as the role of biosensors in detecting various types of biomarkers in humans.
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Lumbroso, Bruno, and Marco Rispoli. "Analysis and Synthesis: Analysis and Interpretation of a Pathological Optical Coherence Tomography-Angiography." In Clinical Guide to Angio-OCT (Non Invasive, Dyeless OCT Angiography). Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/12389_6.

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Keaveny, Tony M. "Non-Invasive Strength Analysis of the Spine Using Clinical CT Scans." In The Comprehensive Treatment of the Aging Spine. Elsevier, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-1-4377-0373-3.10009-0.

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Van Houten, Justin, Advikaa Dosajh, and Alana F. Ogata. "Multiplexed electrochemical detection of biomarkers in biological samples." In Electrochemistry. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781839169366-00073.

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The ability to detect multiple biological molecules using multiplexed electrochemical biosensors is critical for advancing disease diagnostic technologies. Many potential disease biomarkers can be detected in biological samples such as blood, saliva, urine, and sweat for non-invasive diagnostic tests. Multiplexed detection of biomarkers in biological samples can significantly improve the clinical accuracy of a diagnostic test, and multiplexed electrochemical methods are advantageous for the design of laboratory and point-of-care tests. This review discusses recent developments of electrochemical biosensors for multiplexed detection of clinically relevant biomarkers in biological samples. Multiplexed detection of small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids are highlighted. Additionally, we discuss challenges and future directions for translating multiplexed electrochemical biosensors to clinical applications.
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Sharma, Bharat Bhushan, Deependra Sharma, Rahul Kumar Gupta, Manoj Mathur, and Raj Kumar Sharma. "A REVIEW OF DEVELOPED MODELS OF POWER SUPPLIES FOR CARDIAC BIOSENSORS." In Futuristic Trends in Electronics & Instrumentation Engineering Volume 3 Book 2. Iterative International Publishers, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3biei3p1ch2.

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Cardiac biosensors, which provide non-invasive, continuous, and real-time physiological data, have become essential instruments for monitoring and diagnosing a variety of heart-related disorders. The design and execution of effective and dependable power supply systems is one of the main obstacles encountered in the development of cardiac biosensors. This review study seeks to offer a thorough examination of the many developed power supply models made especially for cardiac biosensors. The evaluation includes a full analysis of the most advanced power supply models available today, covering both conventional battery-based methods and cutting-edge alternatives. It explores the benefits and drawbacks of each model and emphasises the impact of various power sources on the general effectiveness of cardiac biosensors.
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Conference papers on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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van Dongen, Jeanne E., Emma J. M. Moonen, Loes I. Segerink, and Jaap M. J. den Toonder. "CRISPR/Cas Enabled Sweat Analysis Paving the Way for Non-Invasive Point-Of-Care Detection of Pathogens by Analyzing Cas12a Trans-Cleavage Performance in Human Sweat." In 2024 IEEE BioSensors Conference (BioSensors). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biosensors61405.2024.10712662.

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Fritiss, Mohamed Zied, Patrick Poulichet, Hakim Takhedmit, et al. "Design and characterisation of a broadband PCB coaxial sensor for non-invasive skin cancer analysis." In 2023 IEEE BioSensors Conference (BioSensors). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/biosensors58001.2023.10281183.

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Miller, Justin W., Sarah Bazargan, Matthew Beatty, et al. "643 Lessons learned: a retrospective analysis of enrollment challenges in a phase I non-muscle invasive bladder cancer clinical trial." In SITC 39th Annual Meeting (SITC 2024) Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2024-sitc2024.0643.

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Loreti, Eduardo Henrique, Giovanna Fernandes dos Reis, Alisson Alexandre da Silva, and Marcelo Gonçalves da Silva. "Is non-invasive neuromodulation effective in the treatment of gestational depression? A systematic review with bibliometric analysis." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.332.

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Background: The gestational period is a period of high prevalence of mental disorders, including depression, requiring effective therapeutic measures. Objectives: systematize the effects of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of depression during pregnancy. Design and setting: Systematic review with bibliometric. Methods: Articles were searched in the databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Randomized clinical trials, case-control studies and case series, published between 2011 and 2020, that used tDCS and TMS to treat depression in pregnant patients were included. Studies that used transcranial electrostimulation associated with another technique (except the pharmacological one) were excluded. The quality of studies was evaluated independently by the reviewers according to the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews for Interventions for assessing bias. Software R was used to perform bibliometrics. Results: Seven studies were included, totaling 102 participants. The stimulated area was the dorsalateral prefrontal cortex (CPFDL). Two studies used tDCS with an intensity of 2 mA and application for 20 minutes and 30 minutes. Five studies used TMS, of which 2 used a frequency of 1 Hz, 2 used 25 Hz and 1 used 10 Hz. The University of Pennsylvania sets up the research center with the most affiliated articles, 8 in total. The author with the greatest impact was Kin, D.R. (index h: 6, index g: 7, index m: 0.462, total of publications 7, beginning: 2009). Conclusions: tDCS and TMS proved to be effective for the treatment of symptoms of depression during pregnancy. Systematic Review Registration: The review was registered in PROSPERO with protocol: CRD42021235355.
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Resnick, Matthew J., Margarita Lopatin, Neal D. Shore, et al. "Abstract 14: Analysis of tumor DNA in urine as a highly sensitive liquid biopsy for patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC)." In Abstracts: AACR Precision Medicine Series: Integrating Clinical Genomics and Cancer Therapy; June 13-16, 2015; Salt Lake City, UT. American Association for Cancer Research, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.pmsclingen15-14.

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Debels, L., C. Schoonjans, J. Anderson, R. Valori, L. Desomer, and D. Tate. "THE ACCURACY OF HUMAN DETECTION OF SUBMUCOSAL INVASIVE CANCER – ANALYSIS OF 739 INDIVIDUAL ASSESSMENTS OF LARGE NON-PEDUNCULATED COLORECTAL POLYPS USING A NOVEL CLINICAL DECISION TOOL." In ESGE Days 2022. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1744742.

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Tsanas, Athanasios, and Siddharth Arora. "Large-scale Clustering of People Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease using Acoustic Analysis of Sustained Vowels: Findings in the Parkinson’s Voice Initiative Study." In Special Session on Mining Self-reported Outcome Measures, Clinical Assessments, and Non-invasive Sensor Data Towards Facilitating Diagnosis, Longitudinal Monitoring, and Treatment. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009361203690376.

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Tsanas, Athanasios, and Siddharth Arora. "Large-scale Clustering of People Diagnosed with Parkinson’s Disease using Acoustic Analysis of Sustained Vowels: Findings in the Parkinson’s Voice Initiative Study." In Special Session on Mining Self-reported Outcome Measures, Clinical Assessments, and Non-invasive Sensor Data Towards Facilitating Diagnosis, Longitudinal Monitoring, and Treatment. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009361200002513.

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Vieira, Luciana, Chris Burtin, Ludmilla Figueiredo, Rodrigo Garbero, Joana Castro, and Alexandre Luque. "Cost-analysis of a physiotherapy program, focused on early mobility and managed protocols of non-invasive ventilation and weaning from mechanical ventilation, in a clinical emergency department." In ERS International Congress 2016 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2016.oa4815.

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Nwosu, Amara C., and Catriona R. Mayland. "173 Non-invasive technology to support clinical care in palliative head and neck cancer: a systematic review of the use of bioelectrical impedance analysis for body composition assessments." In Accepted Oral and Poster Abstract Submissions, The Palliative Care Congress 1 Specialty: 3 Settings – home, hospice, hospital 19–20 March 2020 | Telford International Centre. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2020-pcc.193.

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Reports on the topic "Non-invasive biosensors- Clinical analysis"

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Li, Haitao, Gongwei Long, and Jun Tian. Efficacy and Safety of Photodynamic Therapy for Non–muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0043.

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Review question / Objective: To comprehensively summarize the relevant clinical studies, and assess the efficacy and safety of PDT in the treatment of NMIBC. Eligibility criteria: (1) pathologically confirmed NMIBC; (2) included &gt; 5 patients who received PDT; (3) clinical studies including randomized-controlled trials, case-control studies, and single-arm reports; (4) included efficacy and/or safety results；(5) follow-up duration &gt; 6 months; (6) report was written in English or has a English abstract.
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Li, Yanhui. Efficacy of non-invasive photodynamic therapy for female lower reproductive tract diseases associated with HPV infection: a comprehensive meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0092.

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Review question / Objective: The critical point of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the curative effect of Photodynamic therapy (PDT) in diseases of female lower reproductive tract associated with the human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Condition being studied: Traditional clinical recommendations for treating diseases of the female lower reproductive tract include topical therapy with drugs, surgery, intravaginal radiation, carbon dioxide (CO2) laser, etc. Although medication is easy to administer, it has a high recurrence rate and adverse effects such as burning sensation, pain, and dyspareunia. The other traditional treatment method is usually invasive, repeated operation of vaginal perforation, scar, easy recurrence, fertility decline, and other shortcomings. At present, the treatment strategy for cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion, vaginal squamous intraepithelial lesion, condyloma acuminatum, and vulvar lichen sclerosis are to protect the normal organ structure and function as much as possible, reduce recurrence, prevent disease progression and carcinogenesis, and preserve female reproductive function.
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Sandeep, Bhushan, Huang Xin, and Xiao Zongwei. A comparison of regional anesthesia techniques in patients undergoing of video-assisted thoracic surgery: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0003.

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Review question / Objective: Although video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique, the pain remains moderate to severe. We comprehensively compared the regional anesthesia methods for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery. Eligibility criteria: All published full-article RCTs comparing the analgesic efficacy of investigated regional anesthesia technique or comparative blocks in adult patients undergoing any VATS were eligible for inclusion. There were no language restrictions. Moreover, we also excluded case reports, non-RCT studies, incomplete clinical trials, and any trials used multiple nerve blocks. We also excluded any conference abstracts which could not offer enough information about the study design, or by data request to the author.
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Wang, Yingxuan, Cheng Yan, and Liqin Zhao. The value of radiomics-based machine learning for hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE: a systematic evaluation and Meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0100.

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Review question / Objective: Meta-analysis was performed to predict the efficacy and survival status of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after the application of TACE, applying clinical models, radiomic models and combined models for non-invasive assessment.We performed a Meta-analysis on the prediction of efficacy and survival status after TACE for hepatocellular carcinoma. Condition being studied: Patients were scanned using CT or MR machines, and some patients had multiple follow-up records, and imaging feature extraction software was applied to extract regions of interest and build multiple prediction models.Literature screening was conducted by two reviewers independently, who had more than 3 years’ experience in imaging diagnosis and was cross-checked. Disagreements were settled by a third reviewer.
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