Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non-Mandatory

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Non-Mandatory'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 11 March 2023
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Doni, Federica, Silvio Bianchi Martini, Antonio Corvino, and Michela Mazzoni. "Voluntary versus mandatory non-financial disclosure." Meditari Accountancy Research 28, no. 5 (2019): 781–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-12-2018-0423.

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Purpose The recent European Union Directive 95/2014 enforced a radical shift from voluntary to mandatory disclosure of non-financial information. Given radical changes in reporting practices, there is an urgent need to assess the firms’ attitude to disclose non-financial information regarding the new requirement. This paper aims to investigate whether the quantity and quality of non-financial information, voluntarily disclosed in the years before the directive came into force, were linked to the level of compliance. Design/methodology/approach Selecting a sample of 60 Italian companies from th
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Khanna, Madhu. "Non-Mandatory Approaches to Environmental Protection." Journal of Economic Surveys 15, no. 3 (2002): 291–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6419.00141.

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Storme, Matthias E. "Freedom of Contract: Mandatory and Non-Mandatory Rules in European Contract Law." European Review of Private Law 15, Issue 2 (2007): 233–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2007012.

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Abstract:The purpose of this paper is a reflection of the position and function of common European rules in respect of limitations to freedom of contract, and more specifically on the role of mandatory and non-mandatory rules in general. After dealing with this more generally in the first part, the article addresses in its second part the different techniques restricting freedom of contract that we find in the PECL, the acquis communautaire, or the draft ‘common frame of reference’ (CFR). It is especially critical of anti-discrimination laws. Résumé:Cet article se propose de réfléchir sur la p
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Coffey, Tom, and Puneet Saidha. "Non-repudiation with mandatory proof of receipt." ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review 26, no. 1 (1996): 6–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/232335.232338.

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Renaud, Stéphane, Mehdi Lakhdari, and Lucie Morin. "The Determinants of Participation in Non-Mandatory Training." Articles 59, no. 4 (2005): 724–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/011336ar.

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This article presents an empirical research on the determinants of employees’ participation in non-mandatory training offered by their employer. The analysis model identified two groups of determinants, i.e. socio-demographic (age, gender, family responsibilities and education level) and employment-related (organizational tenure, hierarchical position and employment status). Participants, mostly female, were employees from a large Canadian service organization. Results showed that age negatively influenced participation, that women participated more than men, and that the education level was n
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Howard, Michael, Warren Maroun, and Robert Garnett. "Misuse of non-mandatory earnings reporting by companies." Meditari Accountancy Research 27, no. 1 (2019): 125–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/medar-12-2017-0247.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of South African companies listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE) using adjusted earnings as a part of an impression expectation management strategy focused on demonstrating how reported earnings measures meeting or beating analysts’ earnings forecasts. Design/methodology/approach A multiple response analysis approach is used. Earnings adjustments are coded according to a defined typology and assessed for their status as either valid or invalid. The number of occurrences of adjusted earnings measures over a five year peri
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Venter, Elmar R., David Emanuel, and Steven F. Cahan. "The Value Relevance of Mandatory Non-GAAP Earnings." Abacus 50, no. 1 (2014): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/abac.12020.

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Torres, Lourdes, Vicente Pina, and Caridad Martí. "Using non‐mandatory performance measures in local governments." Baltic Journal of Management 7, no. 4 (2012): 416–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17465261211272166.

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Drissi Daoudi, Leila, Haluk Ögmen, and Michael Herzog. "Non-retinotopic feature integration is mandatory and precise." Journal of Vision 17, no. 10 (2017): 215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/17.10.215.

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Fusz, K., K. Tóth, A. Pakai, et al. "The Attitude Of Parents To Non-Mandatory Vaccinations." Value in Health 20, no. 9 (2017): A688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2017.08.1747.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Shelton, D. Cragin. "Reasons for non-compliance with mandatory information assurance policies by a trained population." Thesis, Capitol College, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3692148.

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<p> Information assurance (IA) is about protecting key attributes of information and the data systems. Treating IA as a system, it is appropriate to consider the three major elements of any system: <i>people, processes,</i> and <i>tools.</i> While IA tools exist in the form of hardware and software, tools alone cannot assure key information attributes. IA procedures and the people that must follow those procedures are also part of the system. There is no argument that people do not follow IA procedures. A review of the literature showed that not only is there no general consensus on why people
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Shelton, D. Cragin. "Reasons for non-compliance with mandatory information assurance policies by a trained population." Thesis, Capitol Technology University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3741052.

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<p>Information assurance (IA) is about protecting key attributes of information and the data systems. Treating IA as a system, it is appropriate to consider the three major elements of any system: <i>people</i>, <i> processes</i>, and <i>tools</i>. While IA tools exist in the form of hardware and software, tools alone cannot assure key information attributes. IA procedures and the people that must follow those procedures are also part of the system. There is no argument that people do not follow IA procedures. A review of the literature showed that not only is there no general consensus on why
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Afrem, Rani. "Does the European Commission require more independence than investors? : A study of replies made to the Green Paper." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18339.

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Background In 2008 a global financial crisis erupted. Even though auditors were not to blame for the financial crisis the public questioned how auditors could issue a clean bill of health despite the serious weaknesses. This made the Commission release the 2010 Green Paper on audit policy: Lessons from the Crisis. The Green Paper is a consultation paper which received around 700 replies from various stakeholders. In 2011, the Commission presented their proposal on reform of the audit market, in which many of the key elements had been discussed in the Green Paper. The 2011 proposal seeks to enh
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Huang, Li [Verfasser]. "Non-invasive intermittent mandatory ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome immediately after extubation: a controlled study on synchronized non-invasive mechanical ventilation and review of the literature / Li Huang." Ulm : Universität Ulm. Medizinische Fakultät, 2014. http://d-nb.info/106043718X/34.

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Machry, Maricéia. "Estágio não obrigatório: gestão de seu acompanhamento no ensino superior." Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2014. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/4001.

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Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2015-06-25T12:53:41Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Maricéia Machry.pdf: 1513113 bytes, checksum: b5aae628664c5a6bc9a822b54b58eefa (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-25T12:53:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Maricéia Machry.pdf: 1513113 bytes, checksum: b5aae628664c5a6bc9a822b54b58eefa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-11-05<br>Nenhuma<br>A dissertação analisa o processo de estágio curricular não obrigatório, realizado em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior, sendo que o enfoque central é o seu acompanhamento. Os autores que
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Davis, Robert M. "Asymmetrical Information Market Failure Triggered by the Chicago School's Profit Motive Paradigm: A Case Study of Virginia's Public Higher Education Market and Media Identification of Public Value Failure." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/23281.

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This paper presents a case study examination of the Commonwealth of Virginia\'s public higher education market and the use of asymmetrical information flows between providers and consumers by college and university institutions to intentionally create market failures to maximize brand building through increased revenue collections via profit maximization behaviors. Existing economic research in the financial services market hold that asymmetry of information generates inefficient allocation of goods and subsequent identification of market failure conditions. Market failures can lead to tipping
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Silva, Elaine Leite Araujo. "Estágio não obrigatório nos cursos de graduação da Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora: perspectivas e desafios." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2016. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/3673.

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Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-14T19:40:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 elaineleitearaujosilva.pdf: 549330 bytes, checksum: 249df0f4428644314842540d3f64ff06 (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-16T14:18:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 elaineleitearaujosilva.pdf: 549330 bytes, checksum: 249df0f4428644314842540d3f64ff06 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-16T14:18:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 elaineleitearaujosilva.pdf: 549330 bytes, checksum: 249df0f4428644314842540d3f64ff06 (MD5) Previous
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Sahlén, Oscar, and Eric Lindholm. "Varför väljer företag att frivilligt byta revisionsbyrå? : En kvalitativ studie utifrån ett företagsperspektiv." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-79099.

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År 2016 beslutades det om ett byrårotationskrav för företag av allmänt intresse i Sverige som en följd av det revisionspaket som antogs i EU år 2014. Det här kräver att företag av allmänt intresse byter revisionsbyrå minst vart tionde år. Företag av varierande storlek kan dock frivilligt välja att byta revisionsbyrå. Tidigare forskning har haft ett fokus på publika företag och med anledning av detta kan ett kunskapsgap identifieras gällande små företag av privat karaktär. En utveckling av tidigare forskning är att denna studie intar ett företagsperspektiv samt komplette
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Lembo, Sara. "The 1996 UK ARbitration Act and the UNCITRAL Model Law: a contemporary analysis." Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/200848.

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Arbitration as an alternative method of settling dispute. The development of Arbitration Law in England. The Arbitration Act 1996 versus the UNCITRAL Model Law: an objective and comparative analysis. Recent trends in International Commercial Arbitration: an empirical analysis.
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Abraham, Jacob G. "Breach: Understanding the Mandatory Reporting of Title IX Violations as Pedagogy and Performance." Scholar Commons, 2017. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6790.

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This dissertation examines how institutions generate, teach, and authorize normative performances through texts and/as pedagogical practices. Through an analysis of the University of South Florida’s mandatory reporting policy, training, and Title IX Incident Report Form, this project examines how institutions construct and privilege certain values, performances, and individuals as means of generating the legal compliance of the institution independent. These practices are valued independent of how such compliance enables and limits the relationship between students a
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Books on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Veltri, Stefania. Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3.

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Housing, Ontario Ministry of, ed. Mandatory technical standards for non-profit housing. Ontario Ministry of Housing, 1994.

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ha-petuḥah, Universiṭah, ред. Sherut ḥovah o ḥovah le-sharet?: Tarḥishim shel sherut ezraḥi ḥovah be-Yiśraʼel = Mandatory service or the duty to serve? : scenario analysis of mandatory civil service in Israel. ha-Universiṭah ha-petuḥah, 2015.

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Beloshistaya, Anna. Mathematics in primary school: teaching methods. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1070170.

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The textbook contains methodological information and recommendations for the course of mathematics, which is studied in elementary school. All types of tasks, computational techniques and computational actions, typical and non-typical tasks, and techniques for working with them are given. The content of the textbook is focused on the mandatory minimum of primary education, current programs and current textbooks. The article presents universal methodological information related to any of the modern systems of teaching mathematics in primary classes. Meets the requirements of the federal state s
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Duits, Hans. Added Value of Auditing in a Non-Mandatory Environment. Amsterdam University Press, 2012.

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Duits, Hans. Added Value of Auditing in a Non-Mandatory Environment. Amsterdam University Press, 2012.

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Duits, Hans. Added Value of Auditing in a Non-Mandatory Environment. Amsterdam University Press, 2012.

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Veltri, Stefania. Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure: Measurement Problems and Usefulness for Investors. Springer, 2020.

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Veltri, Stefania. Mandatory Non-Financial Risk-Related Disclosure: Measurement Problems and Usefulness for Investors. Springer International Publishing AG, 2021.

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De Luca, Francesco. Mandatory and Discretional Non-financial Disclosure after the European Directive 2014/95/EU. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/9781839825040.

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Book chapters on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Value Relevance of Non-financial Risk." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_8.

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Mediating Role of Non-financial Risk." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_9.

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Veltri, Stefania. "A Brief Overview of the Book." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_1.

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Veltri, Stefania. "Risk-Related Disclosure." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_2.

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Mandatory Non-financial Disclosure in the European Union." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_3.

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Veltri, Stefania. "Measuring the Quality of Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_4.

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Relationship Between Financial and Non-financial Risk." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_5.

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Value Relevance Analysis." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_6.

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Veltri, Stefania. "The Value Relevance of Financial Risk." In Mandatory Non-financial Risk-Related Disclosure. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47921-3_7.

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Stankov, Slavomir, Suzana Tomaš, and Matea Markić Vučić. "Students’ Digital Learning Behavior Using the Mandatory and Non-mandatory Platforms in an Online Learning Environment." In Communications in Computer and Information Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-62058-4_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Pinto, Bruna F., and Adolfo K. do N. Viana. "AISI 430 Quality Surface Evaluation Comparing Electrolytic and Non-electrolytic Nitric Acid Pickling Processes." In LatinCORR 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/lac23-21261.

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Abstract High surface quality is mandatory for AISI 430 stainless steels. One of the final processes used to produce stainless steels is a non-electrolytic nitric acid pickling. This process can be followed by or replaced by electrolytic nitric acid pickling. This paper aims to compare electrolytic and non-electrolytic nitric acid pickling. The pickling processes were carried out in a laboratory simulating the industrial process conditions. Electrolytic nitric acid pickling did not change the roughness of the AISI 430 and showed high potential in increasing the brightness and reducing the Yell
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Parker, Keith, Len Krissa, and Kris Hoisington. "50 mV as a Screening Criteria for Shorted Casings – Case Study." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-18899.

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Abstract AMPP SP-0200-2014 Steel Cased Pipeline Practices is the industry consensus guidance document detailing techniques to screen for and evaluate cased crossings for shorts. The Standard Practice (SP) provides various non-mandatory monitoring techniques that may be applied to evaluate the presence of a shorted condition. This abstract provides a case study by one pipeline operator and their decision to utilize 50 mV as a potential screening criterion for shorted casings.
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Tajallipour, Nima, Patrick J. Teevens, Wale Akanni, and Sridhar Arumugam. "Application of Internal Corrosion Predictive Modeling (ICPM) in Pipeline Integrity Risk Management of Oil and Gas Production Fields." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-4067.

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Abstract This paper summarizes a comprehensive internal corrosion integrity risk assessment which was conducted for six different oil and gas production fields. First, the internal corrosion modeling technique was applied to assess the risk of internal corrosion for all the oil emulsion (OE), sour gas (SG), salt water injection (SW) and 15% of sweet natural gas (NG) pipelines which were in-service at the time of this investigation. Modeling results were then used to conduct a pipeline integrity risk assessment for the investigated production fields. This pipeline risk assessment follows in-par
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Hadi, Tjut Rizqi Maysyarah, Sugiarto Sugiarto, and Renni Anggraini. "Analysis on the motivation factors affecting daily mode choice of mandatory and non-mandatory trips." In THE 3RD ACEH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIVIL ENGINEERING (AISCE): Towards The Sustainable And Green Construction Promoting Advanced Materials And Technology For Disaster Resilient Infrastructure And Environments. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0136937.

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Ghatak, Gourab. "Actively Tracking the Best Arm in Non-Stationary Environments with Mandatory Probing." In 2023 21st International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/wiopt58741.2023.10349898.

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Anggraini, Renni, Sugiarto Sugiarto, and Heru Pramanda. "Factors affecting trip generation of motorcyclist for the purpose of non-mandatory activities." In PROCEEDINGS OF THE 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING ENGINEERING (ICONBUILD) 2017: Smart Construction Towards Global Challenges. Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5011565.

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Brown, Seth W. "Leveraging mandatory and enforceable Electric Reliability Standards for non-registered rural electric utilities." In 2012 IEEE Rural Electric Power Conference (REPC). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/repcon.2012.6194561.

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Wen, Jie, Suzanne McKillop, Timothy M. Adams, and Robert Keating. "Technical Basis for Conversion of Non-Mandatory Appendix F of Section III of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code to a Mandatory Appendix: Part I — Appendix Rewrite." In ASME 2017 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2017-65399.

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In 1974, the Level D Service Limits for Section III, Division 1, Class 1 components were published in Non-Mandatory Appendix F titled “Rules for Evaluation of Service Loading with Level D Service Limits”. Over the past 40 years, the scope of Appendix F has been expanded to be applicable to certain Class 1, Class 2 and Class 3 components and supports in Division 1 as well as in Division 3 and Division 5. With each addition, the organization and implementation of the rules in Appendix F became more cumbersome for the user and consistency between the Appendix and the Code Books1 was not maintaine
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Sing, Tang Sing, Phuah Yin Mei, and Radha Krishnan Nair. "Implementation of Mandatory Auditor Rotation On Audit Quality Among Non-Listed Companies In Malaysia." In EBIMCS '19: 2019 2nd International Conference on E-Business, Information Management and Computer Science. ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3377817.3377829.

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Mauritz, GJ, JT Marcus, A. Boonstra, PE Postmus, N. Westerhof, and A. Vonk-Noordegraaf. "Non-Invasive Stroke Volume Assessment in Patients with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Left-Sided Data Mandatory." In American Thoracic Society 2009 International Conference, May 15-20, 2009 • San Diego, California. American Thoracic Society, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2009.179.1_meetingabstracts.a3316.

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Reports on the topic "Non-Mandatory"

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Mulaku, Mercy N. Do non-clinical interventions reduce unnecessary caesarean section rates? SUPPORT, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1612112.

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There has been an increase in caesarean section rates globally. As much as caesarean sections might be life saving, some are unnecessary, they predispose the mother to potential harms, such as haemorrhage, and they have high costs. Non clinical interventions may reduce unnecessary caesarean section. This includes interventions such as providing education to health pro-fessionals and mothers, mandatory second opinions, financial in-terventions, and other guideline implementation strategies.
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Davoudi Kakhki, Fatemeh, and Maria Chierichetti. Exploring the Relationship Between Mandatory Helmet Use Regulations and Adult Cyclists’ Behavior in California Using Hybrid Machine Learning Models. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2024.

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In California, bike fatalities increased by 8.1% from 2015 to 2016. Even though the benefits of wearing helmets in protecting cyclists against trauma in cycling crash has been determined, the use of helmets is still limited, and there is opposition against mandatory helmet use, particularly for adults. Therefore, exploring perceptions of adult cyclists regarding mandatory helmet use is a key element in understanding cyclists’ behavior, and determining the impact of mandatory helmet use on their cycling rate. The goal of this research is to identify sociodemographic characteristics and cycling
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Busso, Matías, Sebastián Montaño, and Juan S. Muñoz-Morales. Research Insights: How Do Labor Market Signals Impact Young Professionals’ Careers? Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0012995.

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In Colombia, college graduates who earn a national distinction award for top performance in a mandatory exit exam receive a 7 to 12 percent higher salary compared to peers without the award. This wage premium persists five years post-graduation. The wage premium is larger for graduates from non-elite institutions than graduates of more prestigious institutions. Workers with signals are more likely to be employed at productive firms, finding roles that align closely with their specific skills. The observed wage differences are not attributed to differences in human capital but rather to the eff
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Castro, Rubén, Leonardo González, Ignacio Schiappacasse, and Juan Tapia. The Impact of Covid-19 on Pensions due to Early Withdrawals of Pension Savings. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004517.

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The Chilean pension system was hit hard during 2020-2021 by the withdrawal of 25 per cent of the individual pensions funds accumulated by 2019, an amount equivalent to 20 per cent of Chiles GDP. We estimate here the impact of those withdrawals on new pension allowances, using a combination of official data sets and the IDB model for the actuarial projection of pensions, including its heterogeneity matrix, to simulate the distribution of pension impacts. The withdrawal impact decreases in new retirees of future years until disappearing around the year 2065. We estimate respective impacts of abo
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Boniface, Gideon, and Christopher Magomba. A Multi-Phase Assessment of the Effects of COVID-19 on Food Systems and Rural Livelihoods in Tanzania. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2021.038.

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Since the outbreak of COVID-19 at the end of 2019, the pandemic has brought both social and economic impacts to global communities, although to varying degrees. Since the onset of the pandemic, different regions have responded in various ways by taking different measures to fight the pandemic and its effects. In Tanzania, the first case was recorded on 16 March 2020 and, to contain the spread of the virus, on 17 March 2020, the Prime Minister announced measures including the closure of all education institutions, the suspension of public gatherings and international passenger flights, and mand
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Doran, Helen, Louise Skowron, Nick Roberts, Avindri Chandraharan, and Charlotte Evans. School Food Standards Compliance Pilot: Discovery and Feasibility Research. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.evh922.

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Back to search Last updated: 21 November 2023 View as PDF(Opens in a new window) Print this page Area of research interest: Innovative regulator Project status: Completed Project code: FS431091 Authors: Kantar Public Conducted by: Food Standards Agency, Kantar Public, Department for Education Date published: 21 November 2023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.evh922 (Opens in a new window) The Requirements for School Food Regulations 2014 (Opens in a new window) in England (known as the ‘School Food Standards’), are mandatory for all maintained schools, including academies and free schools.
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Ruxrungtham, Kiat, Vorapot Sapsirisavat, Vorasit Vongsutilers, et al. Pharmaceutical equivalence drugs assessment-I (PEDA-I) : assess the pharmaceutical equivalence of generic antiretrovirals distributed in Thailand : Final report. Chulalongkorn University, 2016. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2016.30.

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Objectives: Ensuring that medicines meet quality standards is mandatory for ensuring safety and efficacy. There have been occasional reports of substandard generic medicines, especially in resource-limiting settings where policies to control quality may be less rigorous. As HIV treatment in Thailand depends mostly on affordable generic antiretrovirals (ARV), we performed quality assurance testing of several generic ARV available from different sources in Thailand and a source from Vietnam. Methods: We sampled Tenofovir 300 mg, Efavirenz 600 mg and Lopinavir/ritonavir 200/50mg from 10 primary h
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(CIEH), Chartered Institute of Environmental Health. Online display of food hygiene ratings by food businesses in Wales. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.lvn877.

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The Chartered Institute of Environmental Health (CIEH) was commissioned by the Food Standards Agency (FSA) to facilitate a workshop to explore regulators views about proposals to introduce mandatory online display of food hygiene ratings by food businesses in Wales. This report details the findings. Participants were supportive of the FSA’s proposals and welcomed the opportunity for engagement at an early stage. They were unanimous in their views that mandating the display of food hygiene ratings online by businesses would represent a natural progression of the current scheme which has evolved
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L51711 The Effect of Weld Metal Matching on Girth Weld Performance. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010620.

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This is the final volume of a three volume study (see also L51651 and L51685). Volume III documents the engineering critical assessment analysis on the effect of weld metal matching on girth weld performance. This analysis was conducted to determine how weld metal yield strength overmatching or undermatching influences the prediction of girth weld defect sizes. Small- and large-scale test data were evaluated according to the non-mandatory engineering critical analysis (ECA) methods listed in API-1104 Appendix A, BS-4515 Appendix H, and CSA-Z184 Appendix K. An additional analysis was conducted
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Technology and Tax: Adoption and Impacts of E-services in Rwanda. Institute of Development Studies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2023.001.

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Many low-income countries are increasingly digitising various tax services, usually motivated by efforts to increase efficiency and transparency and reduce the burden of compliance for taxpayers. However, where awareness and adoption are suboptimal, tax e services may produce only partial benefits. In this paper, we examine the adoption of tax e-services in Rwanda, a low-income country which has invested significant resources in digitalising government service delivery and made tax e-services mandatory from 2015. Using a combination of panel survey and tax administrative data, we study the dri
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