Relevant bibliographies by topics / Non Newtonian Limit

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Non Newtonian Limit'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2025
Last updated: 23 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Non Newtonian Limit"

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Shelukhin, V. V. "Bingham Viscoplastic as a Limit of Non-Newtonian Fluids." Journal of Mathematical Fluid Mechanics 4, no. 2 (2002): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00021-002-8538-7.

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Bhargava, R., H. S. Takhar, S. Rawat, Tasveer A. Bég, and O. Anwar Bég. "Finite Element Solutions for Non-Newtonian Pulsatile Flow in a Non-Darcian Porous Medium Conduit." Nonlinear Analysis: Modelling and Control 12, no. 3 (2007): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/na.2007.12.3.14690.

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The present analysis is motivated by the need to elucidate with more accuracy and sophistication the hydrodynamics of non-Newtonian flow via a channel containing a porous material under pulsating pressure gradient. A one-dimensional transient rheological model for pulsating flow through a Darcy-Forcheimmer porous channel is used. A modified Casson non-Newtonian constitutive model is employed for the transport fluid with a drag force formulation for the porous body force effects. The model is transformed and solved using a finite element numerical technique. Rheological effects are examined using a β parameter which vanishes in the limit (Newtonian flow). Velocity profiles are plotted for studying the influence of Reynolds number, Darcy number, Forchheimer number and the β (non-Newtonian) parameter. The channel considered is rigid with a pulsatile pressure applied via an appropriate pressure gradient term. The model finds applications in industrial filtration systems, pumping of polymeric fluids etc.
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Kuhn, J. R. "Non-newtonian forces and the observed solar oscillation spectrum." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 123 (1988): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900157882.

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Motivated by recent interest in the possibility of a long range gravitation-like force we have considered the effects a deviation from the Newtonian force law would have on the solar normal mode spectrum. Observations of low order and degree modes provide the most interesting limits to possible new physics. The constraint from solar oscillation observations is distinct from other planetary data in that it provides an integral bound on force law deviations on spatial scales between roughly 2×104 km and planetary scales. This limit is −0.02 ≤ δG/G ≤ 0.3 and is presently limited by systematic differences between the low-l observations and uncertainty in the solar model.
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COLOSQUI, CARLOS E., and VICTOR YAKHOT. "LATTICE BOLTZMANN SIMULATION OF A NON-NEWTONIAN OSCILLATING FLOW IN A HIGH-FREQUENCY LIMIT." International Journal of Modern Physics C 18, no. 04 (2007): 473–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918310701070x.

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The Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a flow generated by an oscillating plate is conducted in a wide range of frequency variation 0 < ωτ < ∞. The theoretically predicted transition from the viscoelastic (ωτ ≪ 1) Newtonian behavior to purely elastic non-Newtonian regime (ωτ ≫ 1) has been demonstrated. The relation of the derived solutions to microfluidics (high-frequency micro-resonators) is shown on an example of a "plane oscillator".
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Briscese, Fabio, and Francesco Calogero. "Isochronous solutions of Einstein’s equations and their Newtonian limit." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 15, no. 06 (2018): 1850101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887818501013.

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It has been recently demonstrated that it is possible to construct isochronous cosmologies, extending to general relativity a result valid for non-relativistic Hamiltonian systems. In this paper, we review these findings and we discuss the Newtonian limit of these isochronous spacetimes, showing that it reproduces the analogous findings in the context of non-relativistic dynamics.
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COLOSQUI, CARLOS E., and VICTOR YAKHOT. "ERRATUM: "LATTICE BOLTZMANN SIMULATION OF A NON-NEWTONIAN OSCILLATING FLOW IN A HIGH-FREQUENCY LIMIT"." International Journal of Modern Physics C 18, no. 05 (2007): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s012918310701125x.

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The Lattice Boltzmann simulation of a flow generated by an oscillating plate is conducted in a wide range of frequency variation 0< ωτ < ∞. The theoretically predicted transition from the viscoelastic (ωτ ≪ 1) Newtonian behavior to purely elastic non-Newtonian regime (ωτ ≫ 1) has been demonstrated. The relation of the derived solutions to microfluidics (high-frequency micro-resonators) is shown on an example of a "plane oscillator".
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Underhill, Patrick T., Amir H. Hirsa, and Juan M. Lopez. "Modelling steady shear flows of Newtonian liquids with non-Newtonian interfaces." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 814 (January 31, 2017): 5–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.25.

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In countless biological and technological processes, the flow of Newtonian liquids with a non-Newtonian interface is a common occurrence, such as in monomolecular films in ‘solid’ phases atop of aqueous bulk fluid. There is a lack of models that can predict the flow under conditions different from those used to measure the rheological response of the interface. Here, we present a model which describes interfacial hydrodynamics, including two-way coupling to a bulk Newtonian fluid described by the Navier–Stokes equations, that allows for shear-thinning response of the interface. The model includes a constitutive equation for the interface under steady shear that takes the Newtonian functional form but where the surface shear viscosity is generalized to be a function of the local shear rate. In the limit of a highly viscous interface, the interfacial hydrodynamics is decoupled from the bulk flow and the model can be solved analytically. This provides not only insight into the flow but also a means to validate the numerical technique for solving the two-way coupled problem. The numerical results of the coupled problem shed new light on existing experimental results on steadily sheared monolayers of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), the primary constituent of lung surfactant and the bilayers of mammalian cell walls. For low packing density DPPC monolayers, a Newtonian shear-independent surface shear viscosity model can reproduce the interfacial flows, but at high packing density, the shear-thinning properties of the new model presented here are needed.
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BERGENHOLTZ, J., J. F. BRADY, and M. VICIC. "The non-Newtonian rheology of dilute colloidal suspensions." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 456 (April 9, 2002): 239–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112001007583.

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The non-Newtonian rheology is calculated numerically to second order in the volume fraction in steady simple shear flows for Brownian hard spheres in the presence of hydrodynamic and excluded volume interactions. Previous analytical and numerical results for the low-shear structure and rheology are confirmed, demonstrating that the viscosity shear thins proportional to Pe2, where Pe is the dimensionless shear rate or Péclet number, owing to the decreasing contribution of Brownian forces to the viscosity. In the large Pe limit, remnants of Brownian diffusion balance convection in a boundary-layer in the compressive region of the flow. In consequence, the viscosity shear thickens when this boundary-layer coincides with the near-contact lubrication regime of the hydrodynamic interaction. Wakes are formed at large Pe in the extensional zone downstream from the reference particle, leading to broken symmetry in the pair correlation function. As a result of this asymmetry and that in the boundary-layer, finite normal stress differences are obtained as well as positive departures in the generalized osmotic pressure from its equilibrium value. The first normal stress difference changes from positive to negative values as Pe is increased when the hard-sphere limit is approached. This unusual effect is caused by the hydrodynamic lubrication forces that maintain particles in close proximity well into the extensional quadrant of the flow. The study demonstrates that many of the non-Newtonian effects observed in concentrated suspensions by experiments and by Stokesian dynamics simulations are present also in dilute suspensions.
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Sac-Épée, J. M., and K. Taous. "On a wide class of nonlinear models for non-Newtonian fluids with mixed boundary conditions in thin domains." Asymptotic Analysis 44, no. 1-2 (2005): 151–71. https://doi.org/10.3233/asy-2005-706.

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The behaviour of Newtonian and non-Newtonian flows through a thin three-dimensional domain are widely studied in the literature. Usually, authors deal with special models related to particular concrete fluids. In this work, our aim is to present a general model, governing the behaviour of a large class of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. Moreover, we deal with mixed boundary conditions, which are not often studied in the literature related to flows in thin domains. We consider a nonlinear model of a flow in a thin three-dimensional domain, and we study its behaviour when the thickness in one direction tends to zero. At the limit, we obtain a quasilinear two-dimensional problem for the pressure, a nonlinear Reynolds's law for the velocity and a nonlinear Darcy's law for the averaged velocity. Finally, we check that our results hold for a large class of non-Newtonian fluids by producing concrete examples.
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Fröhlich, Jürg, Tai-Peng Tsai, and Horng-Tzer Yau. "On the Point-Particle (Newtonian) Limit¶of the Non-Linear Hartree Equation." Communications in Mathematical Physics 225, no. 2 (2002): 223–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002200100579.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non Newtonian Limit"

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Handschuh, Michael James. "A Methodology to Establish Scuffing Limits for Lubricated Point Contacts Subject to Sliding." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543264619849807.

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Soeiro, Pereira Anselmo. "Transient aspects of the polymer induced drag reduction phenomenon." Thesis, Lille 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LIL10138/document.

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La dilution en faible concentration de chaînes polymériques longues dans un fluide newtonien peut réduire la traînée turbulente, phénomène nommé ici DR (drag reduction). Les polymères s’étirent et s’enroulent successivement, en interaction avec les structures turbulentes, imposant à DR un comportement transitoire. Il en résulte que la DR traverse trois stades. Lors du premier, la DR démarre à zéro et descend à des valeurs négatives en raison d’un étirement considérable du polymère au début du processus, ce qui exige de l’énergie de l’écoulement. Une fois atteint le niveau minimal de réduction de la traînée, les polymères commencent leur cycle d’étirement-enroulement et la DR augmente en réponse au développement de structures turbulentes, pour en arriver à une valeur maximale, menant au début du deuxième stade. Cependant, les polymères peuvent subir une dégradation mécanique à la suite d’un étirement polymérique intense. Lorsque la dégradation polymérique devient assez prononcée, la DR redescend pour atteindre une valeur finale qui indique que la dégradation s’est arrêtée. Le processus de dégradation polymérique caractérise le troisième stade. Dans le présent travail, ces trois stades sont examinés à l’aide de simulations numériques directes d’écoulements turbulents viscoélastiques FENE-P en géométries du type Poiseuille plan et Couette plan, sur un large éventail de nombres de Reynolds, de nombres de Weissenberg et d’extension maximale de la chaîne polymérique. Les deux premiers stades sont étudiés à partir des analyses tensorielle, énergétique et spectrale. Un nouveau modèle de dégradation polymérique est proposé afin de reproduire numériquement le stade final<br>The addition of a small amount of polymers of high molecular weight can lead to a pressure drop decrease in turbulent flows. The polymers successively stretch and coil by interacting with the turbulent structures, which imposes a transient behaviour on the drag reduction (DR). As a result, DR undergoes three stages over time: A, B, and C. In stage A, DR departs from zero and assumes negative values due to a significant polymer stretching at the beginning of the process, which requires energy from the flow. After the minimum DR is reached, the polymers start their coil-stretch cycle and DR increases in response to the development of turbulent structures, achieving a maximum value, which makes for the beginning of stage B. However, during their coil-stretch cycle, polymers can be mechanically degraded as a result of an intense polymer stretching, which reduces their ability to act as energy exchange agents. Hence, when polymer degradation becomes pronounced, DR decreases until achieving a final value. The polymer degradation process characterizes the stage C. In the present work, numerical analyses are conducted aiming to investigate the stages A, B and C. The transient aspects of the polymer induced drag reduction phenomenon are explored with the aid of direct numerical simulations of turbulent plane Poiseulle and Couette flows of viscoelastic FENE-P fluids taking into account a large range of Reynolds number, Weissenberg number and maximum polymer molecule extensibility. Stages A and B are carefully studied from tensor, energy budget and spectral perspectives. A polymer scission model is developed in order to numerically reproduce the stage C
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Books on the topic "Non Newtonian Limit"

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Wittman, David M. Black Holes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0020.

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Black holes seem like something out of science fiction, but they are real. Now that we understand the relevant properties of gravity we can separate fact from fiction. We start by defining black holes and showing how they differ fromthe simple Newtonian idea of “no escape.” Time and space seem to swap meaning inside the black hole, so that “forward in time” is a direction that points toward the center of the black hole. We then look at the astrophysical evidence that black holes really exists: how we can observe them, as well as the limits to our observations.We then examine facts andmyths about black holes, including tidal effects such as spaghettification. Finally, because black holes in nature spin rapidly, we look at gravitomagnetic effects around rapidly spinning black holes.
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Milbank, Alison. The Secret of Divine Providence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824466.003.0004.

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The emphasis on political continuity in the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution leads to a specifically Whig providentialism, examined in Chapter 3 through the work of Clara Reeve, Horace Walpole, and Matthew Lewis. In Clara Reeve’s The Old English Baron, the country Whig version, stressing links with the medieval past, unites with Newtonian theology in which God’s finger is at work in every ‘natural occurrence’ to render the supernatural revelatory of this providential care. Divine justice and historical inexorability, romance, and realism are conjoined. By contrast, the sceptical Horace Walpole, representative of the Walpolian Whig narrative of political rupture, questions Providence in The Castle of Otranto and The Mysterious Mother, and substitutes himself as quasi-divine author, whose originality lies in the grotesque mixture of realist and supernatural elements. Matthew Lewis essays an eschewal of Providential mechanisms in The Monk but here grotesque features such as the bleeding nun disclose an aporia which reveals the limit of libertine desire and a negative supernatural.
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Book chapters on the topic "Non Newtonian Limit"

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Consiglieri, L., J. F. Rodrigues, and T. Shilkin. "A Limit Model for Unidirectional Non-Newtonian Flows with Nonlocal Viscosity." In Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Their Applications. Birkhäuser Basel, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-7643-7317-2_4.

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Abele, Hartmut, Stefan Baeßler, and Alexander Westphal. "Quantum States of Neutrons in the Gravitational Field and Limits for Non-Newtonian Interaction in the Range between 1 μm and 10 μm." In Quantum Gravity. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-45230-0_10.

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Huang, Ping, and Qianqian Yang. "Lubrication failure due to limit shear stress." In Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Non-Newtonian Fluids. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99477-4.00022-4.

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Huang, Ping, and Qianqian Yang. "Analysis of lubrication failure of non-Newtonian fluid with limit shear stress." In Hydrodynamic Lubrication of Non-Newtonian Fluids. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-99477-4.00008-x.

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Andronic Adrian. "Non-Newtonian Fluid Parameters Calibration for Numerical Modelling of Landslides." In Advances in Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering. IOS Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-297-4-7.

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Common geotechnical engineering practice deals with landslide modelling during the triggering and in some cases immediate post-failure phases. This is generally carried out using either Limit Equilibrium Method or Lagrangian formulation for Finite Element Method. The paper describes a method for assessing both the aforementioned phases and propagation of landslides, modelling the sliding mass by the methods of Eulerian formulation specific to Computational Fluid Dynamics. The equation of state parameters governing the fluid-soil equivalence, as well as the ones describing the velocity-shear strain behaviour are found both by numerical matching (the former) and a newly developed laboratory testing method (the latter). Similarities and differences with respect to the classical approach are pointed out as conclusions.
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D'eath, P. D. "Interaction Of Two Black Holes In The Slow-Motion Limit." In Black Holes Gravitational Interactions. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198514794.003.0004.

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Abstract Following the ideas of Chapter 3, in this chapter we shall describe a method of analysing the interaction of two black holes in a wide variety of physical situations (D’Eath 1975b). The black holes may be rotating and are permitted in our approach to have comparable masses, subject to two types of restriction on the interaction. First, it is assumed that the spatial separation of the black holes is large compared to the radii of their event horizons, so that each black hole is in the far field of the other. Second, we suppose that the relative velocity of the black holes is small compared to the speed of light, so that their combined gravitational field can be described in terms of a slow-motion approximation scheme. Then we should expect that the dominant interaction between them is just that between a pair of Newtonian point particles; it is further assumed in a slow-motion scheme that the Newtonian potential energy of the interaction is comparable to the relative kinetic energy. This allows one to consider a bound system of two black holes moving at non-relativistic speeds. It also allows one to study a quasiNewtonian scattering of two black holes at non-relativistic speeds in which the scattering angle may be quite large (Ruffini and Wheeler 1971; Hansen 1972). These two types of interaction are described by the same equations. The aim is then to find more and more accurate approximations to the dynamical spacetime geometry, subject to the vacuum Einstein field equations, and from this description of the geometry to find more and more accurate approximation to the equations of motion and spin propagation of the black holes.
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Lauga, Eric. "8. Researching fluids and flows." In Fluid Mechanics: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780198831006.003.0008.

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‘Researching fluids and flows’ summarizes current research in fluid mechanics by starting with environmental flows, motivated by climate change, and the active fluid dynamics of our changing environment. Examples include atmospheric flows, ocean transport, ice dynamics, flow of rivers and lakes, and the role of stratification. The fluid mechanics of energy is motivated by the desire to build a greener world. Examples include wind farms, natural ventilation, biofuels, pollution transport, and remediation. Complex fluids and materials, including non-Newtonian fluids, can behave as a combination of both fluids and solids. Examples include cosmetic products, granular materials, suspensions, and liquid crystals. It is worth looking at flows on small scales, where a new fundamental understanding of flows at the limit of the continuum scale is now possible. Flows are relevant to the biological world. Examples include locomotion, vascular plants, blood flow, and the fluid dynamics of disease transmission. there are two fundamental mysteries at the heart of fluid mechanics: the nature of turbulence and the mathematical structure of the equations for fluid flows (Navier–Stokes equations).
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Gurukkal, Rajan. "Science of Uncertainty." In History and Theory of Knowledge Production. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199490363.003.0006.

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This chapter virtually illuminates the invisible universe of subatomic dynamics through mathematical formalism and probability theory rather than empiricism based on instrumentation. A series of strange discoveries go into the making of the New Science and a discussion of the process constitutes the core of this chapter. Max Planck’s proposition of the Quanta, Niels Bohr’s discovery of objects’ non-observable and immeasurable complementary properties, Erwin Schrodinger’s interpretation of the object-subject split as a figment of imagination, Werner Karl Heisenberg’s enunciation of the Uncertainty Principle precluding the possibility of precision about certain pairs of physical properties of a particle, Kurt Friedrich Godel’s thesis of Undecidability based on his incompleteness theorems demonstrating certain inherent limits of provability about formal axiomatic theories, Murray Gell-Mann’s theory of Complexity in particle physics, Richard Feynman’s thesis on quantum mechanics, and Einstein’s theories of relativity, literally shook Newtonian physics of certainty with problems of uncertainty and subjectivity. At the end, the chapter makes a review of speculative thoughts and imagination about the dynamics of subatomic micro-universe as well as the mechanics of the galactic macro-universe.
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Conference papers on the topic "Non Newtonian Limit"

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Crasta, Asha, Sher Afghan Khan, Maughal Ahmed Ali Baig, and Chamakura Abhinav Reddy. "Stiffness derivative for a non-planar wedge in Newtonian limit." In THE II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “INDUSTRIAL AND CIVIL CONSTRUCTION 2022”. AIP Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0127103.

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Marrero, Victor L., John A. Tichy, and Kenneth E. Jansen. "Non-Newtonian Study of Blood Flow in a Bifurcation With a Stabilized Finite Element Method." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192516.

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In recent years the methods of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have been applied to the human cardiovascular system to better understand the relationship between arterial blood flow and the disease process. Obviously, the technical challenges associated with such modeling are formidable. Among the many problems to be addressed, in this paper we add yet another complication — the known non-Newtonian nature of blood. Due to the preliminary nature of the study, we limit ourselves to a generic and idealized geometry — a simple standard bifurcation of a tube with rigid walls. The pulsatile nature of the flow is considered. We use the Carreau-Yasuda model to describe the non-Newtonian viscosity variation. Preliminary results are presented for the Newtonian and non-Newtonian cases, at mean Reynolds number of 340, averaged over the cardiac cycle. The broad fundamental issue we wish to eventually resolve is whether or not non-Newtonian effects in blood flow are sufficiently strong that they must be addressed in meaningful simulations. Interesting differences during the flow cycle shed light on the problem, but further research is needed.
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Ashrafi, Nariman. "Effects of Shear Thinning on Taylor-Couette Flow: A Model for Synovial Fluid Flow." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93379.

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The effect of shear thinning on the stability of the Taylor-Couette flow (TCF) is explored for a Carreau-Bird fluid in the narrow-gap limit to simulate journal bearings in general. Also considered is the changing eccentricity to cover a wide range of applied situations such as bearings and even articulation of human joints. Here, a low-order dynamical system is obtained from the conservation of mass and momentum equations. In comparison with the Newtonian system, the present equations include additional nonlinear coupling in the velocity components through the viscosity. It is found that the critical Taylor number, corresponding to the loss of stability of the base (Couette) flow becomes lower s the shear-thinning effect increases. Similar to Newtonian fluids, there is an exchange of stability between the Couette and Taylor vortex flows. However, unlike the Newtonian model, the Taylor vortex cellular structure loses its stability in turn as the Taylor number reaches a critical value. At this point, A Hopf bifurcation emerges, which exists only for shear-thinning fluids. Variation of stresses in the narrow gap has been evaluated with significant applications in the non-Newtonian lubricant.
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Fu, Henry C., Vivek Shenoy, Thomas Powers, and Charles W. Wolgemuth. "Swimming Microorganisms in Complex Media." In ASME 2010 First Global Congress on NanoEngineering for Medicine and Biology. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nemb2010-13155.

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Microogranisms such as sperm and E. coli swim in a low-Reynolds number environment. In the zero-Reynolds-number Stokes limit, their kinematics are completely controlled by viscous forces and inertia is unimportant. This swimming environment is quite different from our usual (high Reynolds number) intuition about swimming. For example, due to the kinematic reversibility of Stokes flow, motions that look the same going forward and backward in time, such as the linear motion of an oar-like appendage, do not lead to net translation. Thus microorganisms in Newtonian fluids use swimming motions with a clear time-direction, such as the traveling waves or rotating corkscrew shapes of eukaryotic and bacterial flagella, respectively. While there has been much investigation of microorganism swimming in Newtonian fluids such as water, much less attention has been paid to swimming in complex materials, such as non-Newtonian, viscoelastic fluids and gels. However, in many cases microorganisms do in fact swim through such complex materials in their natural biological environments. For example, mammalian sperm swim through viscoelastic cervical mucus in the female reproductive tract, while H. pylori swim through the gastric mucus lining the inside of the stomach. In this talk I discuss two ways in which swimming through complex media differs from swimming in Newtonian fluids. First, the forces exerted by a viscoelastic medium are different from those exerted by a Newtonian fluid. I address how this affects swimming shapes and speeds of flexible swimmers such as sperm. Second, I discuss swimming through solids such as gels, where compressibility and heterogeneity become important.
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Kadic, Enes, and Theodore J. Heindel. "Mixing Considerations in Stirred Tank Bioreactors When Using Fluid Property Altering Microorganisms." In ASME 2010 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting collocated with 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30366.

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Stirred tank reactors are one of the standard reactors in the chemical industry and have been widely implemented for biological applications. They are used with viscous liquids, slurries, very low gas flow rates, and large liquid volumes. Stirred tank bioreactors are popular because a well-mixed state, required or preferred for numerous biological processes, is usually achieved in such situations; however, many production processes using microorganisms tend to experience fluid property alterations, which significantly impact mixing, operational parameters, and process results. The most troubling issues occur when a fluid gradually undergoes a viscosity change and/or slowly exhibits non-Newtonian behavior due to microorganism growth since these will alter the flow conditions and possibly limit the conversion rate or production scale. This paper provides an overview of the relevant mixing issues in stirred tank bioreactors when using a range of fluid viscosities, surface tensions, and/or non-Newtonian fluids.
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Lugo, David J., and Armando J. Blanco. "Influence of Pipe Rotation and Reciprocation in Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids in Eccentric Annular Spaces." In ASME 2006 2nd Joint U.S.-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting Collocated With the 14th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2006-98278.

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Some industrials processes are associated with flow of non-Newtonian fluids in annular spaces created between parallel pipes. Examples are found in oil industry and food industrial processing. Depending on relative position of both axes, a concentric or eccentric annular space is created. In some typical applications the fluid rheology non-Newtonian and models such as Bingham Plastic or Power Law are required for adequate representation of internal deformations of fluid elements when shear stresses are applied. Depending on annulus eccentricity high resistance can be opposed to flow on narrowest section, including the possibility of having static or quasi-static fluid close to the internal annulus walls. In order to remove this static fluid, two different operations are usually proposed: pipe rotation and pipe reciprocation. In this way, less mobile fluid can be put in motion increasing shear stress. These operations are justified by experimental evidence exists. Scale experiments have been done and predictions for flow behavior in large facilities are extrapolated. However, in large facilities, as oil wells are highly pressurized and they are very deep, it is almost impossible to verify if the whole fluid is mobile and no by-pass fluid remains in the narrowest section of annular space. So, Computational Fluid Dynamics constitutes an ideal technique for analyzing this kind of problem. In this paper, though a Computational Fluid Dynamics study we aim to evaluate the efficiency of pipe rotation and pipe reciprocation in static or quasi-static fluids for Bingham Plastic or Power Law fluid. In order to consider realistic scenarios, oil industry typical conditions are considered for fluid density, rheological parameters, flow rates, casing and hole sizes, and annulus eccentricity. The influence of the variables eccentricity and rotation speed, and the use of reciprocation in shear stress at walls, were used as a measure to evaluate efficiency in static fluid removal. The flow regime was considered laminar. Numerical model capability to reproduce accurately flow patterns in these conditions was assured by comparing it with others analytical-numerical solutions for concentric systems. Results show that both operations are effective for helping in static fluid remotion. However, notable increment for efficiency is observed for eccentricities below 60%. In particular, pipe rotation is effective when rotation speed is greater than 20 RPM for eccentricity greater than 40%. Below this limit, pipe reciprocation is more effective than pipe rotation, independently of the rheological model used to represent the fluid.
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7

Quintella, Erick F., Paulo R. Souza Mendes, Luis F. A. Azevedo, and Mônica F. Naccache. "Visualization and Computation of the Flow of a Highly Shear-Thinning Liquid Past the Axisymmetric Contraction-Expansion: Application to Blood Flow Through Stenotic Vessels." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/fed-24917.

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Abstract Stenosis is a constriction or narrowing of a duct or passage. This word is often used to refer to constrictions that occur in blood vessels, especially arteries. A stenotic vessel generally causes blood flow stagnation and hence formation of thrombus, which may be rather harmful to the human physiology. In this work we perform flow visualization experiments and finite-volume computation to study the flow of an yield-stress (or highly shear-thinning) liquid through a tube in the neighborhood of an axisymmetric constriction. The rheology of the liquid was chosen to be close to the one of blood with 55% hematocrit Reynolds and Yield number values characteristic to different arteries have been studied, as well as different levels of constriction. Results for a Newtonian liquid were also obtained, for comparison purposes. Numerical solutions of the mass and momentum balance equations were obtained. In these solutions it was assumed that the materials behave like a Generalized Newtonian Liquid with a biviscosity function, which mimics closely the Herschel-Bulkley equation but allows deformation below the yield stress limit. Among other findings, it has been observed that the non-Newtonian rheology causes a significant change in the flow pattern in the neighborhood of the stenosis. Because the conditions for thrombus formation are directly related to the flow pattern, studies of the flow through stenotic vessels that assume a Newtonian rheology may lead to erroneous conclusions.
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Wong, Voon-Loong, Katerina Loizou, Phei-Li Lau, Richard S. Graham, and Buddhika N. Hewakandamby. "Numerical Simulation of the Effect of Rheological Parameters on Shear-Thinning Droplet Formation." In ASME 2014 4th Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting collocated with the ASME 2014 12th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2014-21363.

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Immiscible non-Newtonian-Newtonian fluid systems in microfluidics constitute an essential study as non-Newtonian fluids consistently met in medical and biological systems. Although a large number of experimental investigations have been reported in this area, attempts to develop predictive models appear to be limited. This paper is an attempt to incorporate a non-Newtonian stress model together with front-tracking scheme used in computational fluid dynamics. A conservative two-phase level set method (LSM) was applied for capturing the droplet breakup dynamics and relevant hydrodynamics of shear-thinning carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) droplets. Our droplets comprise of 0.02wt% to 1.2wt% CMC solutions in a Newtonian continuous fluids system (olive oil) employed in a T-shaped microfluidic cell. A Carreau-Yasuda viscosity model for shear-thinning CMC droplets has been implemented. This shear-dependent constitutive model fitted well to our steady state non-linear shear measurements for polymeric CMC solutions, with asymptotic viscosities at zero and infinite shear rates, and with different degrees of shear thinning (η0/η∞) in steady state. The particular focus of this study was to systematically undergo parametric studies on the influence of rheological parameters of the specified model such as zero (η0) and infinite shear viscosity (η∞), and relaxation time (λ) on the droplet formation processes. The level set simulation predicted that the droplet diameter increases with increasing η0/η∞. The effect of η0/η∞ has been found to have more prominent impact on droplet diameter for higher CMC concentrations. The variation in droplet diameter becomes less significant at the higher degrees of shear-thinning for all concentrations of CMC dispersed solutions. In the limit of zero shear-thinning effect, the droplet diameter increases when the dispersed phase viscosity decreases. Additionally, the effect of λ on the droplet diameter is also discussed. The reciprocal of the characteristic relaxation time (1/λ) corresponds to a critical shear rate that indicates the onset shear rate for shear-thinning. As λ increases, the numerical studies clearly reveal that the droplet diameter is increasing until it reaches a plateau for larger values of λ. The influence of λ leads to a more significant impact on droplet diameter for higher CMC concentration. These findings will ultimately help in understanding the sensitivity of rheological parameters to the microdroplet formation.
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Carroll, Marian, Jeff Punch, Eric Dalton, and Niamh Richardson. "Hydrodynamic Characterisation of Micro-Gap Geometries for Photonics Cooling Applications." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-71285.

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Contemporary Photonic Integrated Circuit (PIC) packages within the communications network infrastructure have reached a thermal limit. Integrated packages involving microfluidic channels are an appealing development to improve the thermal design of future PIC packages, to significantly improve the removal of heat fluxes in order to sustain the expected enhanced data traffic growth. The Thermally Integrated Smart Photonics Systems (TIPS) project aims to develop and demonstrate a thermally enabled integrated platform that is scalable, to meet the predicted data traffic demands. Full system integration requires an integrated pumping solution, therefore a primary heat exchanger that can deliver the required thermal performance with a low pressure drop (ΔP) is needed. A channel containing a single array of cylindrical posts offers a low pressure drop, similar to a large hydraulic diameter minichannel. Local destabilization of the flow would provide heat transfer enhancement. In particular, non-Newtonian fluids have been shown to exhibit significant mixing in such configurations. Micro Particle-Image Velocimetry (μPIV) measurements were taken for Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids within this channel. Instabilities associated with the viscoelastic fluid were recorded immediately upstream of the post array. This flow exhibited almost a four-fold increase in mixing at comparable flow rates to the Newtonian fluid tested. This suggests that the Nusselt number enhancement associated with such flows could increase the heat transfer rates quite significantly in microchannels containing obstructions.
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Cayeux, Eric. "Modelling of the Movement of a Prolate Particle in the Steady State Flow of a Non-Newtonian Fluid in an Inclined Annulus With Inner String Rotation." In ASME 2019 38th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2019-95049.

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Abstract The determination of the slip velocity, or whether a solid particle will sediment, during its transport is of prime importance for hole cleaning evaluations during drilling operations. Yet, this task is complexified by the asymmetry of the annulus when the central pipe axis does not coincide with the borehole central line and when the inner string rotates, especially since drilling fluids typically follow a yield stress power law rheological behavior. This paper describes the modelling of the movement of a particle in such conditions yet with the following simplifications: the inner tube is eccentric but has a uniform movement, the shape of the particle is assimilated to a prolate, the change of shear rates in the fluid around the slipping particle is neglected and collisions between particles are not considered. Otherwise, gravitational effects are incorporated by accounting for the mass density difference between the particle and the surrounding fluid mixture and by considering the borehole inclination. The particle spin is also estimated as it plays an important role in the determination of the drag and lift forces. The solution to the differential equations that describe the time evolution of the position and orientation of the particle, depend largely upon the initial conditions. Therefore, an ensemble of boundary conditions is generated at a starting cross-section along the annulus and the resulting particle trajectories are estimated. It is then possible to estimate a probabilistic slip velocity for particles of the considered dimensions, far away from the entrance region. This probabilistic approach allows to define a critical transport fluid velocity as the lower limit of the bulk fluid velocity by which no particle risk to settle. Similarly, one can define a critical settling fluid velocity as the upper limit of the bulk fluid velocity where every particle will sediment regardless of the initial conditions. With the described modelling of the particle movement and its associated statistical methods, it is possible to quantitatively estimate the spatial distribution of particles in any cross-section. For those particles that get trapped between the tool-joint and the borehole, it is then possible to estimate their size reduction by grinding, resulting from the rotation of the tool-joint on the borehole wall. The grinding process impacts the particle size distribution passed a tool-joint. By applying this method iteratively up to the annulus outlet, it is possible to estimate the particle size distribution of the drill-cuttings when they arrive at the shale-shakers.
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