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Books on the topic 'Non-normativity'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Ginsborg, Hannah. Normativity and Concepts. Edited by Daniel Star. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199657889.013.43.

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A number of philosophers, including Kant, Kripke, Boghossian, Gibbard and Brandom, can be read as endorsing the view that concepts are normative. I distinguish two versions of that view: a strong, non-naturalistic version which identifies concepts with norms or rules (Kant, Kripke), and a weaker version, compatible with naturalism, on which the normativity of concepts amounts only to their application’s being governed by norms or rules (Boghossian, Gibbard, Brandom). I consider a problem for the strong version: grasp of a rule seems to require grasp of the concepts which constitute the content

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2

Schapiro, Tamar, Kyla Ebels-Duggan, and Sharon Street, eds. Normativity and Agency. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198843726.001.0001.

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Abstract This volume is a collection of twelve original essays written in honor of Christine Korsgaard, on the occasion of her retirement from teaching. These articles address questions about the foundations of morality, the nature of normativity, conceptions of the self and of agency, moral responsibility, obligations to non-human animals, constructivism in ethics, and the relations between Kant’s ethics, religion, and politics. Contributors include both colleagues and students of Korsgaard: Stephen Darwall, Kyla Ebels-Duggan, Barbara Herman, Richard Moran, Japa Pallikkathayil, Faviola Rivera

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3

Wodak, Daniel. Expressivism and Varieties of Normativity. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805076.003.0011.

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Expressivists aim to explain the meaning of a fragment of language—typically, claims about what we morally ought to do—in terms of the non-cognitive attitudes they express. Critics evaluate expressivism on those terms. This is a mistake. We don’t use that fragment of language in isolation. We make claims about what we morally, legally, rationally, and prudentially ought to do: we relativize “ought” and other deontic modals to different standards, or varieties of normativity. This chapter argues that the standard-relativity of “ought” poses a dilemma for expressivists. If they claim that “ought

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4

Lopes, Dominic McIver. Beauty, Naturally. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827214.003.0011.

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Like aesthetic hedonism, the network theory assumes aesthetic value realism. The chapter argues for aesthetic naturalism without appeal to aesthetic non-cognitivism or aesthetic nihilism. First, aesthetic normativity reduces to achievement normativity. Second, aesthetic value facts are grounded in non-aesthetic facts. Grounding, by contrast with supervenience, provides for metaphysical explanations of the very kind that we seek in order to understand and to manipulate aesthetic value in the world. Many philosophers fret about whether or not aesthetic value facts are subjective (response-consti

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5

Henning, Meghan. Weeping and Bad Hair. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190458997.003.0014.

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This chapter draws upon the conceptions of gendered bodily suffering found in the ancient medical corpus (Hippocrates, Galen and inscriptions), martyrdom literature, and the Roman judicial rhetoric of punitive suffering to read apocalyptic depictions of bodily suffering as “effeminizing” punishments, which in turn utilized masculinity and bodily normativity to police behavior, and equated early Christian ethical norms with masculinity and bodily “health.” By highlighting the different types of bodies found in these texts, as well as the ways in which Christian norms interacted with Greek and R

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6

Parfit, Derek. Normative and Natural Truths. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778608.003.0004.

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This chapter considers arguments for and against normative naturalism. According to the normativity objection, irreducibly normative, reason-implying claims could not, if they were true, state normative facts that were also natural facts. When some naturalists reply to the normativity objection, they appeal to cases in which words with quite different meanings, and the concepts they express, refer to the same property. According to non-analytical naturalists, though we make some irreducibly normative claims, these claims, when they are true, state natural facts. Such views take two forms. Hard

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7

Parfit, Derek. Another Triple Theory. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778608.003.0012.

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This chapter provides some further insights into normative thinking and reconciles a few meta-ethical disagreements. It builds on an earlier assumption that all non-naturalists make ontological claims of a kind which is ‘mysterious and incredible’. But these objections do not apply to the kind of non-realist cognitivism that has been discussed so far. Hence, the non-realist cognitivist view that there are some non-natural, non-ontological normative truths. The chapter details further dissenting views drawn from these arguments, in the process exploring other meta-ethical arguments concerning t

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Parfit, Derek. Railton’s Resolution of Our Disagreements. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778608.003.0007.

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This chapter resolves the disagreements which arose in the previous chapter. Metaphysical naturalists believe that there are no ontologically weighty non-natural normative properties and truths. But naturalists can believe that there are some non-ontological normative properties and truths. Some examples are truths about which acts are wrong, and about which facts give us normative reasons. We could justifiably believe that there are such normative truths, since this belief would not add anything mysterious to our ontology. These claims have led to the belief that there are some normative trut

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9

Prakash, Gyan. Postcolonial Criticism and History: Subaltern Studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199225996.003.0005.

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This chapter focuses on one of the new theoretical approaches to history which had developed in reaction to nationalist and Marxist views of history that had taken hold in the wake of Western colonial expansion. In order to counter the state-led modernization paradigm, which some elites in the colonies had adopted from the colonizing powers, post-colonialists attacked assumptions of progress, causality, and state-led nation-building, allegedly typical of the modern West. Promoting a bottom-up understanding of history, they emphasized ‘subaltern’ non-elite perspectives and criticized Eurocentri

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10

McPherson, Tristram. Authoritatively Normative Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823841.003.0012.

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This chapter offers an analysis of the authoritatively normative concept PRACTICAL OUGHT that appeals to the constitutive norms for the activity of non-arbitrary selection. It argues that this analysis permits an attractive and substantive explanation of what the distinctive normative authority of this concept amounts to, while also explaining why a clear statement of what such authority amounts to has been so elusive in the recent literature. The account given is contrasted with more familiar constitutivist theories, and briefly shows how it answers “schmagency”-style objections to constituti

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11

Steglich-Petersen, Asbjørn. Epistemic Instrumentalism, Permissibility, and Reasons for Belief. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758709.003.0014.

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Epistemic instrumentalists seek to understand the normativity of epistemic norms on the model of practical instrumental norms governing the relation between aims and means. Non-instrumentalists often object that this commits instrumentalists to implausible epistemic assessments. This chapter argues that this objection presupposes an implausibly strong interpretation of epistemic norms. Once we realize that epistemic norms should be understood in terms of permissibility rather than obligation, and that evidence only occasionally provides normative reasons for belief, an instrumentalist account

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12

Kiesewetter, Benjamin. Explaining Structural Irrationality. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198754282.003.0009.

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Chapter 9 provides the outline of a general explanation of structural rationality in terms of non-structural requirements of rationality, i.e. rational requirements to respond to reasons. The general idea is that internal incoherence is not by itself forbidden by rationality, but only indicates that at least one of the attitudes involved is insufficiently supported by available reasons. It is argued that a successful explanation of this kind amounts to a vindication of the normativity of rationality (9.1), can accommodate the close connection between irrationality and incoherence (9.2), and av

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13

Parfit, Derek. On What Matters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198778608.001.0001.

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This third volume of this series develops further previous treatment of reasons, normativity, the meaning of moral discourse, and the status of morality. It engages with critics, and shows the way to resolution of their differences. This volume is partly about what it is for things to matter, in the sense that we all have reasons to care about these things. Much of the book discusses three of the main kinds of meta-ethical theory: normative naturalism, quasi-realist expressivism, and non-metaphysical non-naturalism, which this book refers to as non-realist cognitivism. This third theory claims

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14

Himma, Kenneth Einar. Coercion and the Nature of Law. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198854937.001.0001.

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COERCION AND THE NATURE OF LAW argues that it is a conceptually necessary condition for something to count as a system of law according to our conceptual practices that it authorizes the imposition of coercive sanctions for violations of some mandatory norms governing non-official behavior (the Coercion Thesis). The book begins with an explication of the modest approach to conceptual analysis that is deployed throughout. The remainder of the book is concerned to show that an institutional normative system is not reasonably contrived to do anything that law must be able to do for us to make sen

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15

Nolfi, Kate. Why Only Evidential Considerations Can Justify Belief. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198758709.003.0010.

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At least when we restrict our attention to the epistemic domain, it seems clear that only considerations which bear on whether p can render a subject’s belief that p epistemically justified, by constituting the reasons on the basis of which she believes that p. And we ought to expect any account of epistemic normativity to explain why this is so. Extant accounts generally appeal to the idea that belief aims at truth, in an effort to explain why there is a kind of evidential constraint on the sorts of considerations that can be epistemic reasons. However, there are grounds for doubting that bel

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16

Mountbatten-O’Malley, Eri. Human Flourishing. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781350418912.

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In this first systematic reconstruction of the concept of human flourishing, Eri Mountbatten-O’Malley addresses the central problems with the treatment of the concept in psychology, education, policy and science. Drawing on Wittgenstein and his followers, he develops a sophisticated methodology of conceptual analysis and makes the case for paying closer attention to complex human contexts, purposes and uses. Adopting a conceptual approach, informed by fundamental insights adapted from Wittgenstein’s philosophy of language, Mountbatten-O’Malley highlights the key features and connections in the

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17

Brideoake, Fiona. Ladies of Llangollen. Bucknell University Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781611488890.

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The Ladies of Llangollen is the first book length critical study of Lady Eleanor Butler and Miss Sarah Ponsonby, whose 1778 elopement and five decades of “retirement” turned them into eighteenth century celebrities and pivotal figures in the historiography of female same-sex desire. Debates within the history of sexuality have long foundered over questions of what constitutes “proof” of past sexual desires and practices, and the nature of Butler and Ponsonby’s intimacy has been deemed inimical to productive critical consideration. In this ground-breaking study Fiona Brideoake attends to the ar

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18

Robertson, Simon. Nietzsche and Contemporary Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198722212.001.0001.

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Nietzsche is one of the most subversive ethical thinkers of the Western canon. This book offers a critical assessment of his ethical thought and its significance for contemporary moral philosophy. It develops a charitable but critical reading of his thought, pushing some claims and arguments as far as seems fruitful while rejecting others. But it also uses Nietzsche in dialogue with, so to contribute to, a range of long-standing issues within normative ethics, metaethics, value theory, practical reason, and moral psychology. The book is divided into three principal parts. Part I examines Nietz

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19

Crisafi, Nicolò. Dante's Masterplot and Alternative Narratives in the Commedia. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192857675.001.0001.

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The book studies narrative pluralism in the Commedia by Dante Alighieri with the aim of opening up the poem to alternatives to the dominant narrative embedded in the text, which it terms ‘Dante’s masterplot’. This is the teleological trajectory that subordinates the past to the revisionist gaze of a new endpoint. The introduction analyses the masterplot’s workings and its role in the interpretation of the poem, documenting its overwhelming influence on readings of the Commedia. The body of the book then explores three competing narrative models that resist and counter its hegemony, which are e

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20

Huber, Franz. Belief and Counterfactuals. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199976119.001.0001.

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This book is the first of two volumes on belief and counterfactuals. It consists of six of a total of eleven chapters. The first volume is concerned primarily with questions in epistemology and is expository in parts. Among other theories, it provides an accessible introduction to belief revision and ranking theory. Ranking theory specifies how conditional beliefs should behave. It does not tell us why they should do so nor what they are. This book fills these two gaps. The consistency argument tells us why conditional beliefs should obey the laws of ranking theory by showing them to be the me

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21

Naar, Hichem. The Rationality of Love. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862642.001.0001.

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Abstract The Rationality of Love addresses the question whether love belongs, paradoxically enough, to the realm of reason, whether love belongs to the class of responses, such as belief and action, that admit of norms of justification and rationality. Are there normative reasons to love someone? Can love be an appropriate or fitting response to an individual? Or is love, like perceptual experiences, sensations, and urges, the sort of thing we just have and for which we cannot be normatively criticizable? Ordinary thinking about love seems to pull us in different directions. On the one hand, l

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