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Journal articles on the topic 'Non Null Soft Set'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

V., Ramdass, and Ananthan E. "NEW DIMENSIONS OF SOFT STRUCTURES OVER FUZZY SOFT LATTICE." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (2017): 141–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.888264.

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In this paper, we introduce a new kind of soft ring called Lattice fuzzy soft intersection action on a ring. We then focused on the concepts of Lattice fuzzy soft pre image, union and intersection of a soft set. Also, we derive its various related properties. We then study and discuss its structural characteristics.
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Saeed, Muhammad, Florentin Smarandache, Muhammad Arshad, and Atiqe Ur Rahman. "An inclusive study on the fundamentals of interval-valued fuzzy hypersoft set." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 20, no. 2 (2023): 135–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.200209.

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When compared to its extension, hypersoft set, a soft set only deals with a single set of attributes, while a hypersoft set deals with several attribute-valued disjoint sets that correspond to various attributes. Several researchers have developed models based on soft sets, but the majority of these models suffer from limitations since they are inappropriate for interval-type data or uncertain data. In order to address these issues, a novel model interval-valued fuzzy hypersoft set (IV F HS -set) is presented in this research article. This model not only resolves the inadequacy of soft set for
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Musa, Sagvan Y. "N-bipolar hypersoft sets: Enhancing decision-making algorithms." PLOS ONE 19, no. 1 (2024): e0296396. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0296396.

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This paper introduces N-bipolar hypersoft (N-BHS) sets, a versatile extension of bipolar hypersoft (BHS) sets designed to effectively manage evaluations encompassing both binary and non-binary data, thereby exhibiting heightened versatility. The major contributions of this framework are twofold: Firstly, the N-BHS set introduces a parameterized representation of the universe, providing a nuanced and finite granularity in perceiving attributes, thereby distinguishing itself from conventional binary BHS sets and continuous fuzzy BHS sets. Secondly, this model signifies a new area of research aim
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Bigoni, D., N. Bordignon, A. Piccolroaz, and S. Stupkiewicz. "Bifurcation of elastic solids with sliding interfaces." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 474, no. 2209 (2018): 20170681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2017.0681.

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Lubricated sliding contact between soft solids is an interesting topic in biomechanics and for the design of small-scale engineering devices. As a model of this mechanical set-up, two elastic nonlinear solids are considered jointed through a frictionless and bilateral surface, so that continuity of the normal component of the Cauchy traction holds across the surface, but the tangential component is null. Moreover, the displacement can develop only in a way that the bodies in contact do neither detach, nor overlap. Surprisingly, this finite strain problem has not been correctly formulated until
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Emmanuel, G. and Bakari, D. "STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF FISH MARKETING IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 3, no. 2 (2020): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v3i2.115.

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The study analyzed the structure of fish marketing in Taraba State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique consisting of purposive and random sampling was used in selecting 188 respondents. Data were collected with the aid of structured. Frequency tables, percentage, gini coefficient were used to describe and analyze data. T-test was used to test the null hypothesis. Majority (62.2%) of the respondents were retailers while 37.8% were wholesalers. Respondents who sourced their initial capital for the business from their own savings made up 43.9%. About 53.3% were members of cooperatives, 87.8%
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Lee, J. H. M., and K. L. Leung. "Consistency Techniques for Flow-Based Projection-Safe Global Cost Functions in Weighted Constraint Satisfaction." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 43 (February 28, 2012): 257–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3476.

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Many combinatorial problems deal with preferences and violations, the goal of which is to find solutions with the minimum cost. Weighted constraint satisfaction is a framework for modeling such problems, which consists of a set of cost functions to measure the degree of violation or preferences of different combinations of variable assignments. Typical solution methods for weighted constraint satisfaction problems (WCSPs) are based on branch-and-bound search, which are made practical through the use of powerful consistency techniques such as AC*, FDAC*, EDAC* to deduce hidden cost information
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Al-Shami, Tareq, Ibtesam Alshammari, and Baravan Asaad. "Soft maps via soft somewhere dense sets." Filomat 34, no. 10 (2020): 3429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fil2010429a.

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The concept of soft sets was proposed as an effective tool to deal with uncertainty and vagueness. Topologists employed this concept to define and study soft topological spaces. In this paper, we introduce the concepts of soft SD-continuous, soft SD-open, soft SD-closed and soft SD-homeomorphism maps by using soft somewhere dense and soft cs-dense sets. We characterize them and discuss their main properties with the help of examples. In particular, we investigate under what conditions the restriction of soft SD-continuous, soft SD-open and soft SD-closed maps are respectively soft SD-continuou
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Areen, Areen, Belal Batiha, Areen Al Al-khateeb, Hamzeh .., Abedallah Al .., and Khaldoun Batiha. "Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft Set." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 24, no. 4 (2024): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.240408.

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In this paper, we introduce the concept of Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft Set and define some related concepts such as Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft subset, Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft null set, and Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft universal set. Then, we define set-theoretical operations of Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft Sets such as union, intersection, and complement, and investigate some properties of these operations. We also introduce AND-product and OR-product operations between two Possibility Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft Sets. We propose a
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Kumar, Ashutosh, and Saharon Shelah. "On possible restrictions of the null ideal." Journal of Mathematical Logic 19, no. 02 (2019): 1950008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219061319500089.

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We prove that the null ideal restricted to a non-null set of reals could be isomorphic to a variety of sigma ideals. Using this, we show that the following are consistent: (1) There is a non-null subset of plane each of whose non-null subsets contains three collinear points. (2) There is a partition of a non-null set of reals into null sets, each of size [Formula: see text], such that every transversal of this partition is null.
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Saeed, Muhammad, Imrana Shafique, and Hatıra G¨unerhan. "Fundamentals of Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft Set with Application in Decision Making Problem." International Journal of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science 3 (January 5, 2025): 294–312. https://doi.org/10.59543/ijmscs.v3i.10625.

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The classical set theory based on crisp sets is not able to deal with uncertainties which is a common feature of various real-world problems. This problem is solved using modified forms of sets such as fuzzy sets, Intuitionistic fuzzy sets, neutrosophic sets, soft sets and hypersoft sets and others along with their hybrids. In this paper, a modified hybrid of soft set named Fermatean Neutrosophic Soft set ($FrNSS$) is established. Basic entities of set theory including subsets, null set, universal set along with different operators are defined. With respect to these operators, the algebraic st
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11

Dalkılıç, Orhan, and Naime Demirtaş. "Binary bipolar soft sets." Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 41 (December 23, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.51003.

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Bu yazıda iki matematiksel yaklaşımı belirsizliğe göre ilginç bir bağlantı veriyoruz: bipolar yumuşak kümeler ve ikili yumuşak kümeler. İkili iki kutuplu yumuşak darı iki evrensel küme üzerine set ve bir parametre seti önerilmiştir. Tamamlayıcı, birleşme, kesişme, sınırlı birleşme, sınırlı kesişme, null ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, mutlak ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, iki ikili bipolar yumuşak seti, “VE”, “VEYA” tarihinde ikili bipolar yumuşak setlerde tanımlanmıştır. İkili bipolar yumuşak kümelerin temel özellikleri de araştırılmış ve tartışılmıştır. Sonunda ikili bipolar yumuşak kümenin karakte
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Yolcu, Adem. "Bipolar Spherical Fuzzy Soft Topology with Applications to Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making in Buildings Risk Assessment." Symmetry 14, no. 11 (2022): 2362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14112362.

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A generalized soft set model that is more accurate, useful, and realistic is the bipolar spherical fuzzy soft set (BSFSs). It is a more developed variant of current fuzzy soft set models that may be applied to characterize erroneous data in practical applications. Bipolar spherical fuzzy soft sets and bipolar spherical fuzzy soft topology are novel ideas that are intended to be introduced in this work. Bipolar spherical fuzzy soft intersection, bipolar spherical fuzzy soft null set, spherical fuzzy soft absolute set, and other operations on bipolar spherical fuzzy soft sets are some of the fun
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Alhazaymeh, Khaleed, and Nasruddin Hassan. "Interval-Valued Vague Soft Sets and Its Application." Advances in Fuzzy Systems 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/208489.

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Molodtsov has introduced the concept of soft sets and the application of soft sets in decision making and medical diagnosis problems. The basic properties of vague soft sets are presented. In this paper, we introduce the concept of interval-valued vague soft sets which are an extension of the soft set and its operations such as equality, subset, intersection, union, AND operation, OR operation, complement, and null while further studying some properties. We give examples for these concepts, and we give a number of applications on interval-valued vague soft sets.
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14

Heidinger, Steffen. "Humanness, pronoun types, and orphan prepositions in French." Romanistisches Jahrbuch 74, no. 1 (2023): 43–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/roja-2023-0004.

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Abstract This paper is about the distribution of null and strong pronouns in French prepositional phrases in relation to the humanness of the preposition’s complement. The existing literature suggests that the mapping between pronoun type and humanness is characterized by soft complementarity, linking human complements to strong pronouns, and non-human complements to null pronouns. In the empirical coverage of the phenomenon experimental studies are still underrepresented: so far, no data on pronoun choice is available, and regarding interpretation data, the only existing study does not includ
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15

Nawaz, Mubashir, Yuxin Liu, Seethalakshmi Ramaswamy, Maha Mohammed Saeed, and Arif Mehmood Khattak. "Analysis of Some Structures in Ternary Soft Topological Spaces." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 18, no. 1 (2025): 5567. https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i1.5567.

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The objective of this research is to explore ternary soft sets over three initial universal sets, incorporating a parameter set, also known as the set of decision variables. Fundamental operations such as subset, superset, equality, complement, null set, and absolute set are examined, along with the union and intersection of two ternary soft sets. The study further investigates the difference and symmetric difference between two ternary soft sets, as well as the “AND” and “OR” operations, particularly in relation to the crisp points of the sets. The behavior and properties of ternary soft sets
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16

Elekes, Márton, and Juris Steprāns. "Haar Null Sets and the Consistent Reflection of Non-meagreness." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 66, no. 2 (2014): 303–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2012-058-5.

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AbstractA subset X of a Polish group G is called Haar null if there exist a Borel set B ⊃ X and Borel probability measure μ on G such that μ(gBh) = 0 for every g; h ∊ G. We prove that there exist a set X ⊂ R that is not Lebesgue null and a Borel probability measure μ such that μ (X + t) = 0 for every t ∊ R. This answers a question from David Fremlin’s problem list by showing that one cannot simplify the definition of a Haar null set by leaving out the Borel set B. (The answer was already known assuming the Continuum Hypothesis.)This result motivates the following Baire category analogue. It is
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17

Shelah, Saharon. "The null ideal restricted to some non-null set may be \aleph1-saturated." Fundamenta Mathematicae 179, no. 2 (2003): 97–129. http://dx.doi.org/10.4064/fm179-2-1.

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18

Rahman, Atiqe Ur, Muhammad Saeed, Hamiden Abd El-Wahed Khalifa, and Walaa Abdullah Afifi. "Decision making algorithmic techniques based on aggregation operations and similarity measures of possibility intuitionistic fuzzy hypersoft sets." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 3 (2022): 3866–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022214.

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<abstract><p>Soft set has limitation for the consideration of disjoint attribute-valued sets corresponding to distinct attributes whereas hypersoft set, an extension of soft set, fully addresses this scarcity by replacing the approximate function of soft sets with multi-argument approximate function. Some structures (i.e., possibility fuzzy soft set, possibility intuitionistic fuzzy soft set) exist in literature in which a possibility of each element in the universe is attached with the parameterization of fuzzy sets and intuitionistic fuzzy sets while defining fuzzy soft set and i
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19

Al-Quran, Ashraf Al, Faisal Al Al-Sharqi, Zahari Md Rodzi, et al. "The Algebraic Structures of Q-Complex Neutrosophic Soft Sets Associated with Groups and Subgroups." International Journal of Neutrosophic Science 22, no. 1 (2023): 60–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/ijns.220105.

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Groups and subgroups are rich algebraic structures, and both of them depend on binary operations in their work. The discussion of this paper is organized into two parts. In the first part, we define the notion of Qcomplex neutrosophic soft sets (Q-CNSSs) by amalgamating two previous models of Q-complex neutrosophic set (Q-CNS) and soft set (SS) to address the issues of two-dimensionality (two variables) in a universal set under a parametric environment. Subsequently, the relation between Q-CNSSs and Q- neutrosophic soft sets (Q-NSSs) is verified. A basic set theory for this hybrid model is dev
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20

Khattak, Arif Mehmood, Arslan M, Abdallah Shihadeh, et al. "A Breakthrough Approach to Quadri-Partitioned Neutrosophic SoftTopological Spaces." European Journal of Pure and Applied Mathematics 18, no. 2 (2025): 5845. https://doi.org/10.29020/nybg.ejpam.v18i2.5845.

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Neutrosophic set theory, an advanced framework for error reduction, extends fuzzy sets (FSs) and intuitionistic fuzzy sets (IFSs). It enhances effectiveness by refining the definition of indeterminacy, a concept for situations where values cannot be precisely determined. In this paper, we propose dividing indeterminacy into two components based on membership: relative truth (RT), which leans toward truth, and relative falsehood (RF), which leans toward falsehood. This approach improves accuracy by considering, relative truth and relative falsehood, rather than a single indeterminate value. The
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21

ATAGÜN, Akın Osman, and Hüseyin KAMACI. "Set-generated soft subrings of rings." Communications Faculty Of Science University of Ankara Series A1Mathematics and Statistics 71, no. 4 (2022): 993–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1013172.

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This paper focuses on the set-oriented operations and set-oriented algebraic structures of soft sets. Relatedly, in this paper, firstly some essential properties of $\alpha$-intersection of soft set are investigated, where $\alpha$ is a non-empty subset of the universal set. Later, by using $\alpha$-intersection of soft set, the notion of set-generated soft subring of a ring is introduced. The generators of soft intersections and products of soft subrings are given. Some related properties about generators of soft subrings are investigated and illustrated by several examples.
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22

Al-shami, Tareq M., José Carlos R. Alcantud, and Abdelwaheb Mhemdi. "New generalization of fuzzy soft sets: $ (a, b) $-Fuzzy soft sets." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 2 (2023): 2995–3025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2023155.

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<abstract><p>Many models of uncertain knowledge have been designed that combine expanded views of fuzziness (expressions of partial memberships) with parameterization (multiple subsethood indexed by a parameter set). The standard orthopair fuzzy soft set is a very general example of this successful blend initiated by fuzzy soft sets. It is a mapping from a set of parameters to the family of all orthopair fuzzy sets (which allow for a very general view of acceptable membership and non-membership evaluations). To expand the scope of application of fuzzy soft set theory, the restricti
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Pilewicz, PhD Tomasz, and Wojciech Sabat. "Behavioural location theory – evolution, tools and future." Kwartalnik Nauk o Przedsiębiorstwie 46, no. 1 (2018): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0998.

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The behavioural location theory emphasises high importance of the limited rationality and the subjective perception of space in selecting of the location for a business activity. The article discusses key competencies from the scope of behavioural location theory. Ac-cording to the Authors, the behavioural location theory is rather complementary than competitive in relation to the neoclassical or modern approach, as it allows to explain the deviations of the decision-makers from the optimisation behaviour. <b>Business location theory has already been discussed in this journal in various
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24

Ramharter, G. "Lattice coverings and the diagonal group." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 35, no. 3 (1987): 407–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700013393.

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LetMbe any bounded set inn-dimensional Euclidean space. Then almost alln-dimensional latticesLwith determinant1have the following property: There exists a diagonal transformationDwith determinant1(depending onL) such thatLdoes not cover space withDM. Moreover, ifMhas non-empty interior, the exceptional (null-) set contains at least enumerably many diagonally non-equivalent lattices.
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Ali, Ghous, Muhammad Zain Ul Abidin, Qin Xin, and Ferdous M. O. Tawfiq. "An Innovative Hybrid Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Approach under Picture Fuzzy Information." Symmetry 14, no. 11 (2022): 2434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym14112434.

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These days, multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approaches play a vital role in making decisions considering multiple criteria. Among these approaches, the picture fuzzy soft set model is emerging as a powerful mathematical tool for handling various kinds of uncertainties in complex real-life MCDM situations because it is a combination of two efficient mathematical tools, namely, picture fuzzy sets and soft sets. However, the picture fuzzy soft set model is deficient; that is, it fails to tackle information symmetrically in a bipolar soft environment. To overcome this difficulty, in this pap
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Wicaksono, Gandung Catur, and Admi Nazra. "N-Soft Set Approach Methods For More General Cases." International Journal of Progressive Sciences and Technologies 34, no. 2 (2022): 510. http://dx.doi.org/10.52155/ijpsat.v34.2.4630.

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The concept of N-soft set has been introduced in previous studies where the concept is a development of fuzzy sets and soft sets. In its application, the concept of the N-soft set can only be done if the data from the case to be solved are in the form of non-negative integers only. However, in everyday life, a case is not always obtained in the form of integers. This article provides an approach where data from non-integer cases can be solved. This matter opens the opportunity for studying a more general concept than N-soft set by theoretical.
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Sabao, Hope, and Olivier Olela Otafudu. "On soft quasi-pseudometric spaces." Applied General Topology 22, no. 1 (2021): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/agt.2021.13084.

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<p>In this article, we introduce the concept of a soft quasi-pseudometric space. We show that every soft quasi-pseudometric induces a compatible quasi-pseudometric on the collection of all soft points of the absolute soft set whenever the parameter set is finite. We then introduce the concept of soft Isbell convexity and show that a self non-expansive map of a soft quasi-metric space has a nonempty soft Isbell convex fixed point set.</p>
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28

Latronico, Vincenzo. "Al nominalista non manca proprio nulla? La dispensabilitŕ dell'insieme vuoto in mereologia." RIVISTA DI STORIA DELLA FILOSOFIA, no. 1 (March 2009): 63–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/sf2009-001005.

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- Quine's commitment to nominalism has always required set theory to be replaced by an ontologically less dubious tool for the analysis of predication, one that is usually ABSTRACT Rivista di storia della filosofia, n. 1, 2009 mereological in nature, akin to the Calculus of Individuals he and Goodman developed in a seminal paper on nominalism. The problem Quine himself always acknowledged as central in any such replacement arises with the mereological "translation" of numbers. I show here that Quine's proposed translation strategy, even when successful, raises even more serious issues since it
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29

Balamurugan, Manivannan, Nazek Alessa, Karuppusamy Loganathan, and M. Sudheer Kumar. "Bipolar Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Ideals of BCK/BCI-Algebras and Its Applications in Decision-Making." Mathematics 11, no. 21 (2023): 4471. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11214471.

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In this paper, we merge the concepts of soft set theory and a bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy set. A bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideal in a BCK-algebra is defined as a soft set over the set of elements in the BCK-algebra, with each element associated with an intuitionistic fuzzy set. This relationship captures degrees of uncertainty, hesitancy, and non-membership degrees within the context of BCK-algebras. We investigate basic operations on bipolar intuitionistic fuzzy soft ideals such as union, intersection, AND, and OR. The intersection, union, AND, and OR of two bipolar intuitionistic fu
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MCNUTT, DAVID, NICOS PELAVAS, and ALAN COLEY. "KILLING VECTORS IN HIGHER-DIMENSIONAL SPACETIMES WITH CONSTANT SCALAR CURVATURE INVARIANTS." International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics 07, no. 08 (2010): 1349–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219887810004841.

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We study the existence of a non-spacelike isometry, ζ, in higher-dimensional Kundt spacetimes with constant scalar curvature invariants (CSI). We present the particular forms for the null or timelike Killing vectors and a set of constraints for the metric functions in each case. Within the class of N-dimensional CSI Kundt spacetimes, admitting a non-spacelike isometry, we determine which of these can admit a covariantly constant null vector that also satisfy ζ[a;b] = 0.
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Acharjee, Santanu. "On Connections of Soft Set Theory with Existing Mathematics of Uncertainties: A Short Discussion for Non-Mathematicians with Respect to Soft Set Theory." New Mathematics and Natural Computation 14, no. 01 (2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793005718500011.

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This paper focuses on two very important questions: “what is the future of a hybrid mathematical structure of soft set in science and social science?” and “why should we take care to use hybrid structures of soft set?”. At present, these are the most fundamental questions; which encircle a few prominent areas of mathematics of uncertainties viz. fuzzy set theory, rough set theory, vague set theory, hesitant fuzzy set theory, IVFS theory, IT2FS theory, etc. In this paper, we review connections of soft set theory and hybrid structures in a non-technical manner; so that it may be helpful for a no
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Kazancı, Osman, Sarka Hoskova-Mayerova, and Bijan Davvaz. "Algebraic Hyperstructure of Multi-Fuzzy Soft Sets Related to Polygroups." Mathematics 10, no. 13 (2022): 2178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10132178.

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The combination of two elements in a group structure is an element, while, in a hypergroup, the combination of two elements is a non-empty set. The use of hypergroups appears mainly in certain subclasses. For instance, polygroups, which are a special subcategory of hypergroups, are used in many branches of mathematics and basic sciences. On the other hand, in a multi-fuzzy set, an element of a universal set may occur more than once with possibly the same or different membership values. A soft set over a universal set is a mapping from parameters to the family of subsets of the universal set. I
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LIFSCHITZ, VLADIMIR, KARL PICHOTTA, and FANGKAI YANG. "Relational theories with null values and non-herbrand stable models." Theory and Practice of Logic Programming 12, no. 4-5 (2012): 565–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147106841200018x.

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AbstractGeneralized relational theories with null values in the sense of Reiter are first-order theories that provide a semantics for relational databases with incomplete information. In this paper we show that any such theory can be turned into an equivalent logic program, so that models of the theory can be generated using computational methods of answer set programming. As a step towards this goal, we develop a general method for calculating stable models under the domain closure assumption but without the unique name assumption.
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34

Musa, Sagvan Y., and Baravan A. Asaad. "Bipolar Hypersoft Sets." Mathematics 9, no. 15 (2021): 1826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9151826.

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Hypersoft set theory is an extension of soft set theory and is a new mathematical tool for dealing with fuzzy problems; however, it still suffers from the parametric tools’ inadequacies. In order to boost decision-making accuracy even more, a new mixed mathematical model called the bipolar hypersoft set is created by merging hypersoft sets and bipolarity. It is characterized by two hypersoft sets, one of which provides positive information and the other provides negative information. Moreover, some fundamental properties relative to it such as subset, superset, equal set, complement, differenc
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Liu, Chun Yuan, Song Shen, Jie Li, and Peng Chao Zhang. "The Analysis of Vacuum-Surcharge Preloading Method with FLAC3D." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 151–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.151.

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Based on the test section on the expressway in Jiangsu, the thesis makes a model and then conducts numerical simulation on the settlement of soft soil subgrade by using FLAC3D. The author set the filling layer null, and assigns a value to the loaded soil layer according to the construction sequence to realize multi-stage loading. The thesis also analyzes the pore water discharge and foundation deformation when the soil is consolidated. It shows that the simulation result is very close to actual measurement result, and can clearly demonstrate the real situation of settlement.
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SAKAI, HIROSHI, and AKIMICHI OKUMA. "ON A THEOREM PROVER FOR VARIATIONAL LOGIC PROGRAMS WITH FUNCTORS SETU AND SETS." International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems 08, no. 01 (2000): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021848850000006x.

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We are now touching a problem how we add soft computing aspects to logic programming and we have been discussing null attribute values on logic programs. Here, we introduce two functors setu and sets into logic programs for describing indefinite attribute values explicitly. Every logic program with setu or sets has variability and tolerance in itself, namely this program expresses a set of possible definite logic programs. We call this program a variational logic program. In this paper, we show the variational logic programs and a theorem prover for them.
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37

Azzam, A. A., Radwan Abu-Gdairi, M. Aldawood, and Abdulaziz M. Alotaibi. "On Intuitionistic Fuzzy Soft Pretopology." International Journal of Analysis and Applications 22 (October 22, 2024): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.28924/2291-8639-22-2024-193.

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This paper defines the following terms: intuitionistic fuzzy soft (IFS) pretopological space, IFS interior function, IFS pre-open set, IFS pre-closed set, trace of a IFS pretopology, IFS separation axioms, IFS subspace, IFS compactness, IFS connectedness, and some of their properties. In addition, the degree of soft non-vacuity, the soft α-cut, and the IFS preneighbourhood system at a soft point are defined. IFS preneighbourhoods produce IFS pretopologies.
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38

Hussein, Boushra Y., and Sara F. Hassan. "Characterization on fuzzy soft ordered Banach algebra." Boletim da Sociedade Paranaense de Matemática 40 (February 6, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5269/bspm.51387.

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In this paper, we define fuzzy soft ordered Banach algebra with fuzzy soft algebra cone, and introduce the character on fuzzy soft ordered Banach algebra in both cases real and complex. Also, we deduce some of its basic properties and we define a new concept which is a maximal fuzzy soft algebra cone and showing that the set of all fuzzy soft character is isomorphism to the set of all maximal fuzzy soft algebra cone. we prove that the set of all real characters is convex and extreme point, we applied Gelfand- Mazur theorem on fuzzy soft Banach algebra, we showed that character (the set of all
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39

Ain, Kati. "An inclusion theorem for non-archimedean sequence spaces." Acta et Commentationes Universitatis Tartuensis de Mathematica 13 (December 31, 2009): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/acutm.2009.13.04.

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It is proved that a non-archimedean FK-space E includes the space c0 of null-sequences if and only if E includes the space l1` of absolutely summable sequences, and for both inclusions the boundedness in E of the set {ek | k ∈ N} of the unit vectors is necessary and sufficient.It is shown that in the non-archimedean context the concepts of wedge space and semiconservative space are equivalent.
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40

Shabir, Muhammad, Jamalud Din, and Irfan Ahmad Ganie. "Multigranulation roughness based on soft relations." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 40, no. 6 (2021): 10893–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-201910.

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The original rough set model, developed by Pawlak depends on a single equivalence relation. Qian et al, extended this model and defined multigranulation rough sets by using finite number of equivalence relations. This model provide new direction to the research. Recently, Shabir et al. proposed a rough set model which depends on a soft relation from an universe V to an universe W . In this paper we are present multigranulation roughness based on soft relations. Firstly we approximate a non-empty subset with respect to aftersets and foresets of finite number of soft binary relations. In this wa
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41

Stach, Izabella. "Reformulation of Public Help Index θ Using Null Player Free Winning Coalitions". Group Decision and Negotiation 31, № 2 (2021): 317–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10726-021-09769-4.

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AbstractThis paper proposes a new representation for the Public Help Index θ (briefly, PHI θ). Based on winning coalitions, the PHI θ index was introduced by Bertini et al. in (2008). The goal of this article is to reformulate the PHI θ index using null player free winning coalitions. The set of these coalitions unequivocally defines a simple game. Expressing the PHI θ index by the winning coalitions that do not contain null players allows us in a transparent way to show the parts of the power assigned to null and non-null players in a simple game. Moreover, this new representation may imply a
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42

Ameen, Zanyar A., and Mesfer H. Alqahtani. "Baire Category Soft Sets and Their Symmetric Local Properties." Symmetry 15, no. 10 (2023): 1810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym15101810.

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In this paper, we study soft sets of the first and second Baire categories. The soft sets of the first Baire category are examined to be small soft sets from the point of view of soft topology, while the soft sets of the second Baire category are examined to be large. The family of soft sets of the first Baire category in a soft topological space forms a soft σ-ideal. This contributes to the development of the theory of soft ideal topology. The main properties of these classes of soft sets are discussed. The concepts of soft points where soft sets are of the first or second Baire category are
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43

Prasertpong, Rukchart. "Roughness of soft sets and fuzzy sets in semigroups based on set-valued picture hesitant fuzzy relations." AIMS Mathematics 7, no. 2 (2022): 2891–928. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.2022160.

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<abstract><p>In the philosophy of rough set theory, the methodologies of rough soft sets and rough fuzzy sets have been being examined to be efficient mathematical tools to deal with unpredictability. The basic of approximations in rough set theory is based on equivalence relations. In the aftermath, such theory is extended by arbitrary binary relations and fuzzy relations for more wide approximation spaces. In recent years, the notion of picture hesitant fuzzy relations by Mathew et al. can be considered as a novel extension of fuzzy relations. Then this paper proposes extended ap
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44

Gratwick, Richard. "Singular sets and the Lavrentiev phenomenon." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 145, no. 3 (2015): 513–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210513001510.

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We show that non-occurrence of the Lavrentiev phenomenon does not imply that the singular set is small. Precisely, given a compact Lebesgue null subsetE⊆ ℝ and an arbitrary superlinearity, there exists a smooth strictly convex Lagrangian with this superlinear growth such that all minimizers of the associated variational problem have singular set exactlyEbut still admit approximation in energy by smooth functions.
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45

WALKDEN, GEORGE, and KRISTIAN A. RUSTEN. "Null subjects in Middle English." English Language and Linguistics 21, no. 3 (2016): 439–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674316000204.

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This article investigates the occurrence and distribution of referential null subjects in Middle English. Whereas Modern English is the textbook example of a non-null-subject language, the case has recently been made that Old English permits null subjects to a limited extent, which raises the question of what happens in the middle period. In this article we investigate Middle English using data drawn from thePenn–Helsinki Parsed Corpus of Middle English Proseand the newParsed Corpus of Middle English Poetry, aiming to shed light on the linguistic and extralinguistic factors conditioning the al
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46

Alcantud, José Carlos R. "Soft Open Bases and a Novel Construction of Soft Topologies from Bases for Topologies." Mathematics 8, no. 5 (2020): 672. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8050672.

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Soft topology studies a structure on the collection of all soft sets on a given set of alternatives (the relevant attributes being fixed). It is directly inspired by the axioms of a topological space. This paper contributes to the theoretical bases of soft topology in various ways. We extend a general construction of soft topologies from topologies on the set of alternatives in two different directions. An extensive discussion with criteria about what a soft counterpart of “topological separability” should satisfy is also given. The interactions of the properties that arise with separability,
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47

Mukhopadhyay, Indranil. "Non-Parametric Tests for Multiple Regression Under Permutation Symmetry." Calcutta Statistical Association Bulletin 38, no. 1-2 (1989): 93–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008068319890108.

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In this paper non-parametric tests for the multiple resrcssion set up which take into account the known permutation symmetry of the variates under the null hypothesis, are suggested. It bas been shown that under permutation symmetry the proposed procedure is more efficient than the standard nonparametric procedure for the multiple regression problem (see e.g. Puri and Sen (1985) ). A special situation where it is further known in advance that the regressions are identical is also considered briefly.
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48

S., Subramanian, and Muruganandham K. "MEASURES AND DETERMINATIONS OF SANCHEZ'S METHOD OVER DOUBLE-FRAMED FUZZY SOFT SETS." International Journal of Applied and Advanced Scientific Research 2, no. 2 (2017): 128–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.887930.

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In our work, we have defined different types of double-framed fuzzy soft matrix. Operations of addition, multiplication and complement of double-framed fuzzy soft matrix are defined with examples. Some related propositions with proof is also worked out. Finally medical diagnosis problems have been solved using double framed fuzzy soft matrix.
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49

Liu, Xin, Huoyun Wang, and Heman Fu. "Topological Sequence Entropy and Chaos." International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 24, no. 07 (2014): 1450100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218127414501004.

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A dynamical system is called a null system, if the topological sequence entropy along any strictly increasing sequence of non-negative integers is 0. Given 0 ≤ p ≤ q ≤ 1, a dynamical system is [Formula: see text] chaotic, if there is an uncountable subset in which any two different points have trajectory approaching time set with lower density p and upper density q. It shows that, for any 0 ≤ p < q ≤ 1 or p = q = 0 or p = q = 1, a dynamical system which is null and [Formula: see text] chaotic can be realized.
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50

Louis-Rose, Carole. "Null controllability from the exterior of fractional parabolic-elliptic coupled systems." Electronic Journal of Differential Equations 2020, no. 01-132 (2020): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.58997/ejde.2020.26.

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We analyze the null controllability properties from the exterior of two parabolic-elliptic coupled systems governed by the fractional Laplacian \((-d_x^2)^s\), \(s\in(0,1)\), in one space dimension. In each system, the control is located on a non-empty open set of \(\mathbb{R}\setminus(0,1)\). Using the spectral theory of the fractional Laplacian and a unique continuation principle for the dual equation, we show that the problem is null controllable if and only if 1/2<s<1. For more information see https://ejde.math.txstate.edu/Volumes/2020/26/abstr.html
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