Academic literature on the topic 'Non-renewable energy resources'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Non-renewable energy resources.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
Ardehali, M. M. "Rural energy development in Iran: Non-renewable and renewable resources." Renewable Energy 31, no. 5 (April 2006): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2005.08.002.
Full text
2
Akhai, Shalom, and Yogyank Mishra. "Investigation Study of Minerals – Non Renewable Energy Resources and Effects of Their Mining on Environmentand Indian Economy." International Journal of Scientific Research 2, no. 12 (June 1, 2012): 182–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/dec2013/58.
Full text
3
Mosiño, Alejandro. "Producing energy in a stochastic environment: Switching from non-renewable to renewable resources." Resource and Energy Economics 34, no. 4 (November 2012): 413–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2012.04.002.
Full text
4
Miyan, Mohammad, and M. K. Shukla. "Review on Non-Conventional Energy Resources in India." SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology 10, no. 02 (December 25, 2018): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18090/samriddhi.v10i02.2.
Full textAbstract:
The sources of energy that are exhaustible and being made unceasingly in nature are known as nonconventional energy or renewable sources of energy. The standard sources embrace the fossil fuels i.e., coal, oil and gas, sorts of atomic energy i.e., Uranium, whereas the nonconventional sources like daylight, wind, rain, tides, and energy heat, that are renewable. Since theevent and progress of grouping are closely associated with energy sources, several countries throughout the globe have engaged themselves in looking and developing non-conventional energy sources that may be terribly essential to sustain the life cycle of person. The consumption of energy is directly proportional to the progress of the grouping. With ever growing population, improvement within the living commonplace of the mankind, industrialization of developing countries, the world demand for energy is anticipated to extend considerably within the close to future. The energy crisis that began in 1973 caused oil provides to decrease and costs to rise usuriously. This crisis forced developing countries to cut back or hold over necessary development programs, so that they may purchase oil to stay their economies operational. It created the imperative necessity to seek out and develop energy sources, like different fossil fuels i.e., coal, gas, atomic energy, and renewable energy resources. Our country, Republic of India has additionally taken sure initiatives during this read. In this paper, a review based mostly study has been given concerning numerous non-conventional energy sources and their current standing and usage in India.
5
Solaymani, Saeed. "A Review on Energy and Renewable Energy Policies in Iran." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 30, 2021): 7328. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137328.
Full textAbstract:
Iran, endowed with abundant renewable and non-renewable energy resources, particularly non-renewable resources, faces challenges such as air pollution, climate change and energy security. As a leading exporter and consumer of fossil fuels, it is also attempting to use renewable energy as part of its energy mix toward energy security and sustainability. Due to its favorable geographic characteristics, Iran has diverse and accessible renewable sources, which provide appropriate substitutes to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Therefore, this study aims to examine trends in energy demand, policies and development of renewable energies and the causal relationship between renewable and non-renewable energies and economic growth using two methodologies. This study first reviews the current state of energy and energy policies and then employs Granger causality analysis to test the relationships between the variables considered. Results showed that renewable energy technologies currently do not have a significant and adequate role in the energy supply of Iran. To encourage the use of renewable energy, especially in electricity production, fuel diversification policies and development program goals were introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Diversifying energy resources is a key pillar of Iran’s new plan. In addition to solar and hydropower, biomass from the municipal waste from large cities and other agricultural products, including fruits, can be used to generate energy and renewable sources. While present policies indicate the incorporation of sustainable energy sources, further efforts are needed to offset the use of fossil fuels. Moreover, the study predicts that with the production capacity of agricultural products in 2018, approximately 4.8 billion liters of bioethanol can be obtained from crop residues and about 526 thousand tons of biodiesel from oilseeds annually. Granger’s causality analysis also shows that there is a unidirectional causal relationship between economic growth to renewable and non-renewable energy use. Labor force and gross fixed capital formation cause renewable energy consumption, and nonrenewable energy consumption causes renewable energy consumption.
6
Petrović-Ranđelović, Marija, Nataša Kocić, and Branka Stojanović-Ranđelović. "The importance of renewable energy sources for sustainable development." Economics of Sustainable Development 4, no. 2 (2020): 15–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/esd2002016p.
Full textAbstract:
The accelerated development of the global economy is leading to increasing consumption of natural resources. The exploitation of resources is moving at an accelerated pace, while their availability is decreasing. The biggest problem is the depletion of non-renewable and limited resources that are the carriers of the raw material base of energy and manufacturing industry, which calls into question the preservation of energy stability and efficiency at the global level. Uncontrolled industrial growth, accompanied by increasingly intensive depletion of non-renewable natural resources, especially fossil fuels, has caused enormous pollution of the environment and the entire planet. In the conditions of depletion of natural resources, negative climate changes accompanied by global warming and a serious threat to the survival of life, it is necessary to adopt and implement the concept of sustainable development. The concept of sustainable development explicitly aims to achieve optimal economic results, while preserving and improving the environment and the social component of development. Natural resources play an extremely important role in achieving economic growth and development. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of renewable energy sources for achieving sustainable development. It is necessary to investigate the importance of renewable and non-renewable natural resources, as well as the factors that affect their exploitation, with the aim of successfully implementing the concept of sustainable development.
7
Bardi, Ugo, Alessandro Lavacchi, and Leigh Yaxley. "Modelling EROEI and net energy in the exploitation of non renewable resources." Ecological Modelling 223, no. 1 (December 2011): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2011.05.021.
Full text
8
Baena, César, Benoît Sévi, and Allan Warrack. "Funds from non-renewable energy resources: Policy lessons from Alaska and Alberta." Energy Policy 51 (December 2012): 569–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2012.08.076.
Full text
9
Letunovska, Nataliia, Liudmyla Saher, Tetiana Vasylieva, and Serhiy Lieonov. "Dependence of public health on energy consumption: a cross-regional analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 250 (2021): 04014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125004014.
Full textAbstract:
The authors test the hypothesis that there is a link between the consumption of non-renewable resources of the leading economies in the European region in terms of value-added industry and health. They performed a ranking correlation analysis on key indicators of population health and volumes of consumption of renewable and non-renewable resources in individual countries. The researchers assumed a slight relationship between the rate of healthy years of life and the production of renewable energy resources, making a positive contribution to the country’s environmental situation. Among the compared countries, those characterized by high consumption of primary energy resources are proportionally more productive and renewable energy resources. The analysis shows that differences in the health indicators of the regions’ population cause other more important factors than the studied ones. Some dependencies can be seen in analyzing the causes of death among the population of countries, for example, by cardiovascular diseases. The risk factor for this illness is air pollution caused by excessive consumption of non-renewable energy resources. The authors recommend considering the indicator of ecological footprint in the ratings of life quality in the regions. Compared to countries with lower welfare rankings, this parameter is too high for leaders. Under investigation, the authors considered the x3 weight for the health indicator in the Legatum Prosperity Index.
10
Ahmad, Shabir, Israr Ullah, Faisal Jamil, and DoHyeun Kim. "Toward the Optimal Operation of Hybrid Renewable Energy Resources in Microgrids." Energies 13, no. 20 (October 20, 2020): 5482. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13205482.
Full textAbstract:
Renewable energy sources are environmentally friendly and cost-efficient. However, the problem with these renewable resources is their heavy reliance on weather conditions. Thus, at times, these solutions are not guaranteed to meet the required demand all the time. For this, hybrid microgrids are introduced, which have a combination of both renewable energy sources and non-renewable energy resources. In this paper, a cost-efficient optimization algorithm is proposed that minimizes the use of non-renewable energy sources. It maximizes the use of renewable energy resources by meeting the demand for utility grids. Real data based on the load and demand of the utility grids in Italy is used, and a system that determines the optimal sizing of the microgrid and a daily plan is introduced to optimize the renewable resources operations. As part of the proposal, the objective function for the operation and planning of the microgrid in such a way to minimize cost is formulated. Moreover, a variant of the PSO algorithm named recurrent PSO is implemented. The recurrent PSO algorithm solves the proposed optimization objective function by minimizing the cost for the installation and working of the microgrid. Afterwards, the energy management system algorithm lays out a plan for the daily operation of the microgrid. The performance of the system is evaluated using different state-of-the-art optimization methods. The proposed work can help minimize the use of diesel generators, which not only saves financial resources but also contributes toward a green environment.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
Davidsson, Simon. "Global energy transitions : Renewable energy technology and non-renewable resources." Licentiate thesis, Uppsala universitet, Naturresurser och hållbar utveckling, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-245307.
Full textAbstract:
The global energy system is dominated by the use of fossil fuels. This system suffers from several problems, such as different environmental issues, while the long-term energy security is sometimes questioned. As an alternative to this situation, a transition to a global energy system based on renewable energy technologies, to a large extent solar and wind energy, is commonly proposed. Constructing the technology needed for such a transition requires resources and how fast this could happen is somewhat disputed. This thesis explores methods to assess the potential constraints for realizing such a transition by looking at potential technology growth rates and outlooks of production of the required natural resources. The thesis is based on three papers presenting case studies that look at growth rates of wind energy as well as future production outlooks of lithium and phosphate rock. Using different types of growth patterns reaching proposed installed capacities of wind power, annual commissioning requirements are investigated, taking account for the limited life expectancy oftechnology. Potential outlooks of mineral production are explored using resource constrained curve-fitting models on global lithium production. A more disaggregated model looking at individual countries are used on phosphate rock production to investigate new perspectives on production outlooks. It is concluded that the growth rates of individual energy technologies affect the resource requirements and prospective constraints on energy transitions. Resource constrained modelling of resource production can provide spans of potential outlooks for future production of resources required for anenergy transition. A higher disaggregation of the modelling can provide new perspectives of potential constraints on future production. These aspects should be further investigated when proposing alternative future energy systems.
2
Rasisuttha, Sakkara. "An investigation of methods for reducing the use of non-renewable energy resources for housing in Thailand." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2297.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research is to develop methods that reduce energy consumption in a
residential building in a hot and humid climate region (Thailand) using efficient architectural
building components and renewable energy (solar energy) to produce electricity, domestic hot
water, and supplemental cooling by night sky radiation.
Improving the architectural building components, including building materials, is an option
to reduce energy consumption in a building. Using renewable energy sources is another option to
reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy. In residential buildings, solar energy has been
utilized for space heating and domestic hot water using active solar collector systems and for
generating electricity using photovoltaic (PV) systems. One photovoltaic system, the hybrid
photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) collector system, has been developed by several researchers over the
last 20 years. The hybrid photovoltaic-thermal (PV-T) collector system is a combination
photovoltaic (for producing electricity) and solar thermal collector (for producing hot water).
Theoretical and experimental studies of this collector have highlighted the advantages of the hybrid
PV-T collector system over separate systems of PV and solar collector in term of system efficiency
and economics. Unfortunately, very little experimental data exists that demonstrates the
advantages of a combined system. Therefore, one of the objectives of this study conducted was an
experimental study of this system as an auxiliary energy source for a residential building.
Night sky radiation has also been studied as a cooling strategy. However, no attempt so far
could be found to integrate it to a hybrid PV-T collector system. The night sky radiation strategy
could be operated with the hybrid PV/T collector system by using existing resources that are
already present in the solar system. The integration of the night sky radiation into the hybrid PV-T
collector system should yield more productivity of the system than the operation of the Hybrid PVT
system alone.
The research methods used in this work included instrumentation of a case-study house in
Thailand, an experimental PV-T collector system, and a calibrated building thermal simulation. A
typical contemporary Thai residential building was selected as a case-study house. Its energy use
and local weather data were measured and analyzed. Published energy use of Thai residential
buildings was also analyzed as well to determine average energy consumption. A calibrated
computer model of the case-study building was constructed using the DOE-2 program. A field
experiment of the thermal PV system was constructed to test its ability to simultaneously produce
electricity and hot water in the daytime, and shed heat at night as a cooling strategy (i.e., night sky
radiation). The resultant electricity and hot water produced by the hybrid PV-T collector system
helped to reduce the use of non-renewable energy. The cooling produced by the night sky radiation
also has to potential to reduce the cooling load. The evaluation of the case-study house and results
of the field experiment helped to quantify the potential reduction of energy use in Thai residential
buildings.
This research provided the following benefits: 1) experimental results of a hybrid PV-T
solar collector system that demonstrates its performance compared to typical system of separate
photovoltaic and solar collector, 2) results of night sky radiation experiments using a photovoltaic
panel as a radiator to demonstrate the performance of this new space cooling strategy, and 3) useful
data from the case-study house simulation results and guidelines to assist others in transferring the
results to other projects.
3
Köhler, Jiří. "Strategicko ekonometrická analýza společnosti ČEZ Energetické produkty, s.r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-193534.
Full textAbstract:
With the development of modern technology the perception of waste is changing. What was once considered unusable and expensive can be now seen as an useful material with potential to increase revenues of the company. As example can serve energetic industry, which was until recently only able to store its waste produced during combustion of coal. Now energetic companies are able to transform their waste into secondary energetic products (by-products) that can be further used in other industries. The main goal of the thesis is to determine whether there is a potential for the development of the secondary energetic products in the Czech Republic.
4
Vilani, Rodrigo Machado. "Contribuição para o planejamento brasileiro de exploração de petróleo e gás natural através da formulação de uma política nacional de uso sustentável das reservas de petróleo e gás natural." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2339.
Full textAbstract:
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroPetróleo e gás natural são recursos naturais não renováveis que possuem grande participação na matriz energética mundial e tendência de crescimento na matriz nacional, cujo marco regulatório limita-se a definir critérios técnicos e procedimentais sem incorporar o modelo de sustentabilidade instituído pela Constituição Federal de 1988. A natureza finita dos recursos não renováveis, como o petróleo e o gás natural, exige uma visão do planejamento de sua exploração de longo prazo na definição dos objetivos e metas. Essa perspectiva de longo prazo traduz uma das preocupações do desenvolvimento sustentável: a garantia de direitos para as futuras gerações. Assim, ao procurar fornecer elementos para a tradução do modelo de desenvolvimento sustentável no arcabouço institucional e legal da indústria petrolífera vigente no Brasil, o presente trabalho busca contribuir para o aprimoramento da regulação petrolífera nacional e a qualidade de vida das gerações presentes e futuras. E, mais do que propor a elaboração de um projeto de lei, como modalidade de implantação de uma política pública, queremos contribuir para o fortalecimento das práticas e ações governamentais voltadas para a aplicação do desenvolvimento sustentável, consoante apregoa a Constituição Federal brasileira. Trata-se aqui de demonstrar, através de metodologia quali-quantitativa, a tese de que é possível incorporar o princípio constitucional de desenvolvimento sustentável na atividade de exploração e produção de petróleo e gás natural, formulando uma política pública que incorpore, no regime de propriedade do petróleo, a variável ambiental e o uso intergeracional que já haviam sido e continuam sendo aplicados a algumas fontes renováveis de energia. Inicialmente, identificamos a composição da matriz energética brasileira desde a inserção do petróleo como uma questão de Estado a partir dos anos 50 do século XX. Em seguida, analisamos a concepção legal e doutrinária para propor, então, a conceituação de um modelo de desenvolvimento energético sustentável, estruturante para a proposição de uma política nacional para a indústria petrolífera. Com base nessa conceituação, analisamos o marco regulatório e os procedimentos institucionais praticados atualmente para identificar as lacunas existentes no ordenamento a serem supridas pela política nacional proposta. A partir da análise dos contextos legal e institucional, e das políticas energética e ambiental, propomos a tradução de conceitos, objetivos, princípios e instrumentos num projeto de lei de Política Nacional de Uso Sustentável das Reservas de Petróleo e Gás Natural. Concluímos tecendo considerações gerais e específicas sobre a proposição aqui formulada com vistas ao aprimoramento do modelo nacional de gestão de recursos energéticos e ao fomento das discussões voltadas para a sustentabilidade das políticas públicas e as práticas privadas enraizadas na exploração irracional de recursos não renováveis
Petroleum and natural gas are non renewable natural resources that have a great participation in the global energy matrix and growth trend in the national matrix, whose regulatory framework is restricted to technical and procedural criteria without incorporating the model of sustainability established by the Federal Constitution of 1988. The finite nature of non-renewable resources, such as oil and natural gas, requires a vision of planning for their long-term exploration in the definition of goals and objectives. This long-term prospect represents one of the concerns of sustainable development that of guaranteeing the rights of future generations. So, when seeking to provide elements to translate of the model of sustainable development into the institutional and legal framework of the existing oil industry in Brazil it tries to contribute to the improvement of the national petroleum regulation and the quality of life for present and future generations. And more than proposing drawing up a bill, as a means of implementing a public policy, it aims to contribute to the strengthening of governmental actions and practices directed at implementing sustainable development, as proclaimed by the Brazilian Federal Constitution. Here it is a matter of demonstrating, through qualitative and quantitative methodology, the thesis that it is possible to incorporate the constitutional principle of sustainable development into the activity of exploration and production of oil and natural gas, formulating a public policy that incorporates, in the ownership of oil, the environmental variable and intergenerational use which had been and still are applied to some renewable sources of energy. Initially, we identified the composition of the Brazilian energy matrix since the inclusion of oil as a matter of state in the 1950s. Next, we analysed the legal and doctrinary concept and then proposed the concept of a model of sustainable energy development, a structuring element for the proposition of a national policy for the petroleum industry. Based on this concept, we analysed the regulatory framework and institutional procedures currently in force to identify the existing gaps in planning to be filled by the proposed national policy. Based on the analysis of the legal and institutional contexts, and energy and environmental policies, we propose the transformation of concepts, objectives, principles and instruments into a bill of law of National Policy on Sustainable Use of Reserves of Oil and Natural Gas. We conclude with general and specific considerations on the proposition made here with a view to improving the national model of management of energy resources and the fostering of discussions focused on the sustainability of public policies and private practices rooted in the irrational exploration of non-renewable resources.
5
Du, Plessis Louis Kemp. "Integrating non-dispatchable renewable energy into the South African grid : an energy balancing view / L.K. du Plessis." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9648.
Full textAbstract:
The integration of dispatchable renewable energies like biomass, geothermal and reservoir hydro technologies into an electrical network present no greater challenge than the integration of conventional power technologies for which are well understood by Eskom engineers. However, renewable energies that are based on resources that fluctuate throughout the day and from season to season, like wind and solar, introduce a number of challenges that Eskom engineers have not dealt with before.
It is current practice for Eskom‟s generation to follow the load in order to balance the demand and supply. Through Eskom‟s load dispatching desk at National Control, generator outputs are adjusted on an hourly basis with balancing reserves making up only a small fraction of the total generation.
Through the Integrated Resource Plan for Electricity of 2010, the Department of Energy has set some targets towards integrating renewable energy, including wind and solar generation, into the South African electricity market consequently introducing variability on the supply side.
With demand that varies continually, maintaining a steady balance between supply and demand is already a challenging task. When the supply also becomes variable and less certain with the introduction of non-dispatchable renewable energy, the task becomes even more challenging.
The aim of this research study is to determine whether the resources that previously helped to balance the variability in demand will still be adequate to balance variability in both demand and supply. The study will only concentrate on variable or non-dispatchable renewable energies as will be added to the South African electrical network according to the first two rounds of the Department of Energy‟s Renewable Energy Independent Power Producer Procurement Programme.
This research study only looks into the balancing challenge and does not go into an analysis of voltage stability or network adequacy, both of which warrant in depth analysis.Thesis (MIng (Development and Management Engineering))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
6
Wittmann, Nadine [Verfasser], and Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Meran. "Climate Change, Water Scarcity, and the Depletion of Non-renewable Resources. A theoretical microeconomic analysis of contemporary topics in environmental economics / Nadine Wittmann. Betreuer: Georg Meran." Berlin : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Berlin, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1023762196/34.
Full text
7
Juliani, Lucélia Ivonete. "Fatores de impulso na economia brasileira : o caso do pré-sal e a indústria do petróleo." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFABC, 2014.
Find full textAbstract:
Orientador: Prof. Dr. Sinclair Mallet Guy GuerraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Energia, 2014.
A perspectiva de que o petróleo pode ser o caminho para levar o Brasil ao patamar de desenvolvimento tão sonhado pelos brasileiros pode estar próxima de acontecer. Sem sombra de dúvida, as novas reservas descobertas já colocam o Brasil em outro patamar no mapa geopolítico do petróleo. A camada pré-sal é uma faixa rochosa que se estende por aproximadamente 800 km entre os estados do Espírito Santo e Santa Catarina, a cerca de 300 km da costa, possui de seis a sete mil metros de profundidade e com petróleo e gás abaixo de la. A grandeza dessa descoberta pode colocar o Brasil no cenário nacional e internacional como grande produtor e possível exportador do óleo. Além disso, permitirá usá-lo como matéria-prima de seus inúmeros derivados e subprodutos. No tocante à renda a ser gerada com sua exploração as expectativas são imensas, mesmo com as constantes variações do preço internacional do petróleo. Considerando este um produto essencial e sem substituto próximo, seus elevados preços, assim como a demanda crescente, seria possível afirmar que países detentores de reservas teriam teoricamente enriquecimento rápido e contínuo. Porém, os fatos históricos têm apontado situações diferentes entre países que possuem reservas e exportam. A indústria brasileira do petróleo é bastante jovem comparada com o resto do mundo, mas nem por isso menos importante e eficiente. Com tantas possibilidades em vista, pesquisadores passaram a buscar respostas e traçar cenários do que poderá acontecer ao Brasil, na hipótese de o país se tornar um grande exportador de petróleo. Nesse sentido, nosso governo levou a pauta a um novo marco regulatório, que visa manter maior proteção do estado em relação ao Pré-Sal, haja vista que, desde os anos 90, quando foi aberto seu capital para o setor privado, a produção nacional ficou em parte no poder de grandes companhias que não têm por objetivo canalizar a renda do petróleo em prol da economia brasileira. Atualmente há muitas pesquisas que visam responder questionamentos advindos do Pré-Sal, como exemplo, quais serão os fatores econômicos determinantes e impactos dos mesmos com a exploração do Pré-Sal na economia brasileira? Em realidade não se coloca esse questionamento como um problema, mas sim a força das questões levantadas. A metodologia utilizada neste trabalho é composta por pesquisa bibliográfica e análise de dados com utilização de modelo dos recursos naturais não renováveis (RNNR) para otimizar variáveis que dão origem aos fatores de impulso para a economia brasileira. Os resultados obtidos apontam um preço estimado próximo do preço internacional do petróleo. Também os investimentos, poupança, capital humano e comércio externo serão fatores de impacto para o crescimento e desenvolvimento sócio-econômico do país.
A perspectiva de que o petróleo pode ser o caminho para levar o Brasil ao patamar de desenvolvimento tão sonhado pelos brasileiros pode estar próxima de acontecer. Sem sombra de dúvida, as novas reservas descobertas já colocam o Brasil em outro patamar no mapa geopolítico do petróleo. A camada pré-sal é uma faixa rochosa que se estende por aproximadamente 800 km entre os estados do Espírito Santo e Santa Catarina, a cerca de 300 km da costa, possui de seis a sete mil metros de profundidade e com petróleo e gás abaixo de la. A grandeza dessa descoberta pode colocar o Brasil no cenário nacional e internacional como grande produtor e possível exportador do óleo. Além disso, permitirá usá-lo como matéria-prima de seus inúmeros derivados e subprodutos. No tocante à renda a ser gerada The prospect that oil may be the way to lead Brazil to the level of development as dreamed by Brazilians can be close to happening. Without a doubt, the new reserves discovered already put Brazil on another level in the geopolitical map of the oil. The pre-salt layer is a rocky track that stretches for about 800 km between the states of Espírito Santo and Santa Catarina and is approximately 300 km from the coast. This layer has six to seven thousand feet deep and below it are oil and gas. The magnitude of this discovery could put Brazil in the national and international scene as a major producer and possible oil exporter. It will also use it as raw material for their derivatives and by-products. Regarding the income that is generated with its exploration expectations are immense, even with the constant changes in international oil prices. Whereas oil is an essential product and no close substitute, their high prices as well as increasing demand, it could be argued that countries holding reserves would theoretically rapid and continuous enrichment. However, the historical facts have shown different situations between countries that have reserves and export. The Brazilian oil industry is quite young compared to the rest of the world, but no less important and efficient. With so many possibilities to view, researchers began to look for answers and plot scenarios of what may happen to Brazil, should the country becoming a major oil exporter. In this sense, the Brazilian government took the agenda for a new regulatory framework, which aims to maintain greater state protection in relation to the pre-salt, given that, since the 90s, when it opened its capital to the private sector, production National was in power in part of large companies which does not aim to channel oil revenues in favor of the Brazilian economy. Currently there are many studies aimed at answering questions from the pre-salt, so they wonder what will be the economic determinants and impacts of these factors with the pre-salt exploration in the Brazilian economy? Actually this question does not arise as a problem, but the force of the issues raised. The methodology used in this study consists of literature search and data analysis with the use of model of exhaustible natural resources (RNNR) to optimize variables that give rise to boost factors for the Brazilian economy. The results show an estimated price near the international price of oil. Like, investments, savings, human capital and foreign trade will impact for growth and economic and social development factors.
8
Vardar, Baris Nevzat. "Optimal transition to clean technologies." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E022/document.
Full textAbstract:
Cette thèse étudie les mécanismes économiques concernant la transition vers des technologies propres et examine les approches politiques pour atteindre le sentier de transition socialement optimale. Elle examine les politiques économiques visant à faire face au changement climatique, telles que l'adaptation et la taxation des ressources non-renouvelables. En outre, elle examine les politiques économiques visant à accroître l'utilisation de technologies efficaces et identifie les cas pour lesquels la politique atteint ses objectifs ou non. Elle analyse également l'impact des inégalités de richesse sur le soutien politique aux taxes environnementales. Le premier chapitre étudie la transition énergétique en utilisant un modèle de croissance optimale dans lequel les ressources non-renouvelables et renouvelables sont des substituts imparfaits. Le deuxième chapitre étudie le rôle de la politique d'adaptation sur la transition vers une économie propre. Il intègre la politique d'adaptation dans le problème de l'extraction optimale des ressources non-renouvelables avec des externalités de pollution, en mettant l'accent sur la politique d'adaptation en étant une variable de stock. Le troisième chapitre se concentre sur le problème de l'adoption des nouvelles technologies dans un cadre micro-économique. Il regarde le comportement des entreprises qui font face à une décision d'investir : soit dans une capacité de production bon marché mais inefficace, soit dans une capacité plus chère mais efficace, lorsqu'on prend en compte la présence d'une contrainte financière. Le quatrième et dernier chapitre examine les effets distributifs d'une taxe sur la pollution en considérant une société dans laquelle la richesse est répartie de manière hétérogène entre les ménagesThis dissertation investigates the economic mechanisms underlying the transition to clean technologies and examines policy approaches to achieve the socially optimal path. It studies various policy measures aiming to deal with climate change, such as adaptation and taxation of non-renewable resources. Furthermore, it examines the policy instruments that target increasing the use of efficient technologies and identifies cases in which the policy reaches its objectives or not. It also analyzes the role of heterogeneity in society on agents' willingness to support a pollution tax. The first chapter studies the energy transition by using an optimal growth model in which non-renewable and renewable natural resources are imperfect substitutes in providing energy services necessary for production. The second chapter studies the role of adaptation policy on the transition to a low carbon economy. lt incorporates adaptation policy into the problem of optimal non-renewable resource extraction with pollution externalities, by focusing on the capital nature of adaptation measures. The third chapter focuses on the problem of adopting new technologies in a micro-economic framework. lt studies the behavior of firms when they face a decision to invest either in a cheap but inefficient production capacity or in an expensive but efficient one, by taking into account the presence of a financial constraint. The fourth and last chapter investigates the distributional impacts of a pollution tax by considering a society in which wealth is distributed heterogeneously among households
9
"Economic growth and the use of non-renewable energy resources." Université catholique de Louvain, 2007. http://edoc.bib.ucl.ac.be:81/ETD-db/collection/available/BelnUcetd-03222007-020452/.
Full text
10
Arshad, Zeeshan. "The role of macroeconomic variables in energy and environmental modelling: econometric evidence from Asian countries." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/30636.
Full textAbstract:
Three essays in this dissertation revolve around the area of energy and environmental economics, with particular focus on the impact of macroeconomic variables on carbon emissions in the South and Southeast Asian economies. Essay 1 examines the effects of deforestation, economic growth, and urbanization on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions levels in the South and Southeast Asian (SSEA) regions for the 1990–2014 periods. Our results suggest that deforestation and urbanization can aggravate environmental pollution in these regions and can further affect sustainable development in the long run. Moreover, the most appropriate and cost-effective method to minimize CO2 emissions is found to be through the improvement of forest activities. Essay 2 estimates the effect of ICT, trade, economic growth, financial development, and energy consumption on carbon emissions within the South and Southeast Asian regions for the period of 1990-2014. Cluster analysis was used to identify two groups (potential and advanced countries, based on their social development score). Results revealed that the use of financial development and ICT deteriorated the environment quality in the SSEA region. The increasing use of standby mode and Wi-Fi assistive devices require the rapid implementation of legislation regulating these technologies to make them more efficient. Essay 3 examines the role of economic growth, renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy, and natural resources in carbon emissions over the period of 1990-2014. The outcomes show that nonrenewable and renewable energy consumption increase economic activities. Furthermore, natural resources impede the economic growth in the SSEA regions. Additionally, the results demonstrated that nonrenewable energy and economic growth increase CO2 emissions, whereas renewable energy consumption lessens the carbon emissions. However, natural resources also contributed to CO2 emissions in the case of South Asian and full countries panels while improving the environmental quality in the Southeast Asian region. Findings suggest that the better use of natural resources, governments’ special attention to education and curbin gun lawful activities improve the economic growth in the selected studied areas.Esta tese é composta por três ensaios enquadrados na área da Economia da Energia e do Ambiente, com foco particular no impacto das variáveis macroeconómicas nas emissões de dióxido de carbono (CO2) nas economias do Sul e do Sudeste Asiático (SSEA). O ensaio 1 estuda os efeitos da desflorestação, crescimento económico e urbanização nos níveis de emissões de CO2 nas regiões do SSEA no período 1990–2014. Os resultados sugerem que a desflorestação e a urbanização podem agravar a poluição ambiental nessas regiões e afetar ainda mais o desenvolvimento sustentável a longo prazo. Além disso, o método mais adequado e eficiente para minimizar as emissões de CO2 é o aprimoramento das atividades florestais. O ensaio 2 estima o efeito das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC), do comércio, do crescimento económico, do desenvolvimento financeiro e do consumo de energia nas emissões de carbono nas regiões SSEA para o período de 1990 a 2014. A Análise de Clusters foi usada para identificar dois grupos (países potenciais e países avançados, com base no seu nível de desenvolvimento social). Os resultados revelam que o uso do desenvolvimento financeiro e das TIC deteriora a qualidade do ambiente na região do SSEA. Pelo uso crescente do “standby mode” e dos dispositivos auxiliares de Wi-Fi, recomenda-se a rápida implementação da legislação que regule essas tecnologias para torná-las mais eficientes. O ensaio 3 examina o papel do crescimento económico, consumo de energia renovável, energia não renovável e recursos naturais nas emissões de dióxido de carbono no período de 1990 a 2014. Os resultados mostram que o consumo de energia não renovável e renovável impulsiona as atividades económicas. Além disso, os recursos naturais impedem o crescimento económico nas regiões da SSEA. Mas por outro lado, os resultados demonstram que o crescimento económico e a energia não renovável aumentam as emissões de CO2, enquanto o consumo de energia renovável diminui as emissões de carbono. No entanto, os recursos naturais também contribuem para as emissões de CO2 no caso dos painéis do sul da Ásia e do painel completo, além de melhorar a qualidade ambiental na região do sudeste asiático. Os resultados sugerem que um melhor uso dos recursos naturais, a atenção especial do governo à educação e a redução de atividades ilegais melhoram o crescimento económico nas áreas estudadas.
III Quadro Comunitário de Apoio
Programa Doutoral em Ciências Económicas e Empresariais
Books on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
National Workshop-cum-Seminar on Non-Conventional Energy Sources (NCES), With Applications in Industry (1994 Amritsar, India). Proceedings of the National Workshop-cum-Seminar on Non-Conventional Energy Sources (NCES) With Applications in Industry. Amritsar: Press & Publications Dept., Guru Nanak Dev University, 1996.
Find full text
2
Shao, Minhua. Electrocatalysis in Fuel Cells: A Non- and Low- Platinum Approach. London: Springer London, 2013.
Find full text
3
Non Conventional and Renewable Energy Sources. Alpha Science International, Limited, 2014.
Find full text
4
Raum, Elizabeth. Potato Clocks and Solar Cars: Renewable and Non-renewable Energy (Raintree Fusion: Physical Science). Raintree, 2007.
Find full text
7
Goldemberg, José. Energy. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199812905.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Without a doubt, the topic of energy--from coal, oil, and nuclear to geothermal, solar and wind--is one of the most pressing across the globe. It is of paramount importance to policy makers, economists, environmentalists, and industry as they consider which technologies to invest in, how to promote use of renewable energy sources, and how to plan for dwindling reserves of non-renewable energy. In Energy: What Everyone Needs to Know, José Goldemberg, a nuclear physicist who has been hailed by Time magazine as one of the world's top "leaders and visionaries on the environment," takes readers through the basics of the world energy system, its problems, and the technical as well as non-technical solutions to the most pressing energy problems. Addressing the issues in a Q-and-A format, Goldemberg answers such questions as: What are wind, wave, and geothermal energy? What are the problems of nuclear waste disposal? What is acid rain? What is the greenhouse gas effect? What is Carbon Capture and Storage? What are smart grids? What is the Kyoto Protocol? What is "cap and trade"? The book sheds light on the role of population growth in energy consumption, renewable energy resources, the amount of available energy reserves (and when they will run out), geopolitical issues, environmental problems, the frequency of environmental disasters, energy efficiency, new technologies, and solutions to changing consumption patterns. It will be the first place to look for information on the vital topic of energy.
8
Maxi, Scherer, ed. International Arbitration in the Energy Sector. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198805786.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Disputes in the energy and natural resources sector are at the heart of international arbitration. With more arbitrations arising in the international energy sector than in any other sector, it is not surprising that the highest valued awards in the history of arbitration come from energy-related arbitrations. Energy disputes often involve complex and controversial issues relating to security, sovereignty, and public welfare. This book puts international energy disputes into a global context, providing broad coverage of different forms and systems of dispute resolution across both renewable and non-renewable sectors. The twenty chapters in the book enable readers to compare the approaches to, and learnings from, energy arbitrations across various legal systems and geographic regions. After outlining the international energy arbitration legal framework in Chapter 1, the book delves into a detailed analysis of the problems which regularly arise in practice. These include, among other things, commercial disputes, investor-state disputes, and public international law disputes. Alongside recent developments in the international energy sector, attention is given to climate and sustainable development disputes, which raise important questions about enforcing sustainability objectives on individuals, corporations, and states. Backed by analyses of arbitral awards, national court and international tribunal decisions, treaties, and other international legal instruments, as well as current events and news in the energy industry, the book offers a unique contribution to international energy literature and provides insightful commentary on the prevalent issues in the field.
9
Furlan, G. A 1983 View of Non-Conventional Energy Sources: Miramare, Trieste, Italy, June 1983. World Scientific Pub Co Inc, 1986.
Find full text
10
1935-, Furlan G., Mancini N. A, Sayigh A. A. M, and International Conference and Summer Workshop on the Physics of Non Conventional Energy Sources (1983 : Miramare, Italy), eds. A 1983 view of non-conventional energy sources: Miramare--Trieste, Italy, June 1983. Singapore: World Scientific, 1985.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
Chatterjee, Kaulir Kisor. "Minerals and Energy—Non-renewable Sources." In Macro-Economics of Mineral and Water Resources, 53–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15054-3_4.
Full text
2
Cuney, Michel. "Uranium and Thorium: The Extreme Diversity of the Resources of the World’s Energy Minerals." In Non-Renewable Resource Issues, 91–129. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8679-2_6.
Full text
3
Niemiec, Marcin, Krzysztof Mudryk, Jakub Sikora, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, and Monika Komorowska. "Possibility to Utilize Fish Processing By-Products in the Context of Management of Non-renewable Resources." In Springer Proceedings in Energy, 639–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72371-6_63.
Full text
4
Bhattacharyya, Subhes C. "Economics of Non-Renewable Resource Supply." In Energy Economics, 219–25. London: Springer London, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-268-1_9.
Full text
5
Thielemann, Thomas. "Coal: An Energy Source for Future World Needs." In Non-Renewable Resource Issues, 83–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8679-2_5.
Full text
6
"Non-living resources and marine renewable energy." In The Law of the Sea: A Select Bibliography, 28–29. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/e6c5e971-en.
Full text
7
"Non-living resources and marine renewable energy." In The Law of the Sea: A Select Bibliography, 25–26. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/7930b923-en.
Full text
8
"Non-living resources and marine renewable energy." In The Law of the Sea: A Select Bibliography, 34–35. UN, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/5b95bf2a-en.
Full text
9
"Non-living resources and marine renewable energy." In The law of the sea, 30. United Nations, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/919fe618-en.
Full text
10
Baechler, Serbia Maria Antonieta Rodulfo, Sergio Gonzalez-Cortes, Tiancun Xiao, Hamid A. Al-Megren, and Peter P. Edwards. "Perspective on the Deep Hydrotreating of Renewable and Non-Renewable Oils." In Advanced Solid Catalysts for Renewable Energy Production, 61–94. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3903-2.ch003.
Full textAbstract:
To meet not only the increased demand of liquid transportation fuel but also the stringent environmental legislation centered on anthropogenic emissions, renewable resources (i.e., not depleted by use) and low-grade feedstocks need to be processed, since the reserves and quality of the feeds available are markedly declining. In this chapter, an overview on the hydrotreating of renewable and non-renewable feeds for producing ultraclean transportation liquid fuels is given. The fundamentals and factors that affect the generation of ultraclean fuels and bio-fuels are discussed in an integrated perspective. The authors include not only the current understanding of the hydrotreating process but also the challenges for the valorization of non-renewable and renewable feedstocks with high content of heteroatoms and unsaturated poly-aggregate compounds (asphaltenes and lignin). The importance to develop advanced catalysts based on abundant metals, rather than precious metals, and multifunctional properties with sufficient activity and selectivity in hydrodeoxygenation of bio-oils is outlined.
Conference papers on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
Solomon, Edwin D., and Stephen K. Boss. "THE MASS FLUX OF NON-RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES THROUGH HUMANITY." In 50th Annual GSA South-Central Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016sc-273675.
Full text
2
Luciano De La Cruz, Lucero Cynthia, and Cesar Celis. "Integration of Hydro and Renewable Energy Resources in Energy Planning." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16376.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Renewable energy is the energy obtained from resources inexhaustible in the long term. Furthermore, in some countries, non-conventional renewable energy includes solar, wind, biomass, geothermal and mini-hydropower. The definition of mini-hydropower plants varies depending on the country. As an example, in Peru and Canada, mini-hydropower plants have different installing capacities, below 20MW and 50MW, respectively. Accordingly, this work (i) discusses the Energy Balance and challenges that renewable energies have to face on their way to the energy transition, (ii) highlights the forecast models to generate renewable energy in short-term energy planning. The historical data about the renewable energy resources and the energy produced have been obtained by COES. The R studio software was used for statistical analysis of renewable resources and electricity generation. Also, a forecast model was developed using a neural network to forecast renewable energy generation. The results show a strong correlation between hydro resources and non-conventional renewable energy resources. Finally, the data obtained from the renewable generation forecast model were used as input to carry out a short-term dispatch model using GAMS software to determine the forecast of daily marginal cost in SEIN.
3
Yingjie Tan, Kashem M. Muttaqi, and Lasantha G. Meegahapola. "A droop control based load sharing approach for management of renewable and non-renewable energy resources in a remote power system." In 2013 Australasian Universities Power Engineering Conference (AUPEC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aupec.2013.6725367.
Full text
4
Gallaspy, David T., and Rodney E. Sears. "Application of Regional Bio-Refining to Increase the Sustainability and Energy Self-Sufficiency of Rural and Agricultural Communities." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90415.
Full textAbstract:
The economics and potential offsets of imported energy are analyzed. Benefits to the carbon footprint of the region are estimated. A commercial structure for the operation of such a co-operative bio-refinery is proposed. Rural and agricultural regions typically have ample production of biomass in various forms, including wood from forestry, agricultural wastes and range grasses. Certain regions also have renewable energy resources such as wind power, solar insolation and hydraulic power. Rural regions are typically seen to have a potential for renewable energy that greatly exceeds energy consumption due to human activity in the region. However, energy consumption in such areas is highly biased toward non-renewable sources, just as in more urbanized regions. This is due to the standardization of virtually all manufactured energy conversion equipment to use available processed energy sources such as electricity and natural gas and refined fuels such as diesel and gasoline. In addition, agricultural activities are highly dependent on energy-intensive petrochemicals such as fertilizers, pesticides, and herbicides. Energy sustainability and self-sufficiency can therefore be increased by conversion of local renewable resources into appropriate form values for existing energy conversion equipment. Solar power, wind power and hydropower are fully commercial, although more economic in some regions than in others. The production of electricity from biomass fuels via conventional steam cycles is well established, if challenging from an economic standpoint. However, conversion of biomass and other renewable resources into fuels that can be used in standard equipment, and chemicals and fertilizers for local agricultural production is both technically and economically challenging. The authors evaluate the potential for a typical rural region to offset imports of conventional non-renewable energy such as electricity, engine fuels, and fertilizers via the establishment of a regional bio-refinery financed and operated as a local co-operative. The renewable resources of the typical rural region are assumed to facilitate the analysis. The appropriate technologies, scope, product slate, production rates, capital costs and operating costs for the bio-refinery are defined.
5
Chevrel, Stephane, Michael Abrams, and Cindy Ong. "The geo community activity “earth observations for managing mineral and non-renewable energy resources”: History, present and future activities." In 2017 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2017.8127993.
Full text
6
Mohite, S. D. D. "LNG Imports - A Strategic Choice for GCC Region." In SPE Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/spe-169980-ms.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although Middle East region is blessed with 43% of global proven gas reserves equivalent at 80 trillion cubic meters, of which 50 % are in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, apart from the challenge of historic under-investment, regional gas endowments have been highly uneven and unique. The region is responding to gas shortages by boosting supplies through a combination of E&P developments and imports. As per IEA, the current 240 billion cubic meters (BCM) demand is expected to rise to 300 BCM by 2020 and 600 BCM by 2030. About 90% of incremental energy demand for power generation would come from gas then. Strategic investment will have to focus on creating large volumes of storage capacity as well as peak deliverability to cope with rising imports and power demand requirements. Currently, Dubai and Kuwait import LNG through floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU) projects. At first these imports were seasonal (i.e. summer demand for electricity for air conditioning) and on a spot or short-term basis. Now, demand extends into all but the winter months and soon demand will be year round. The expansion of FSRU in Kuwait in to a permanent facility would increase capacity from 500 MMSCF/d to 3 BCF/d in two phases. This 11.0 million ton per annum (MMTPA) Kuwaiti LNG project under phase-I, is likely to replace the country's FSRU by 2020, mainly to replace the fuel oil firing in power plants. Abu Dhabi is developing a 8.7 MMTPA project in the Emirate of Fujairah on the Indian Ocean outside the Strait of Hormuz. Depending on supply-demand dynamics, Abu Dhabi may be both an importer and exporter of LNG, possibly relying on gas from the Shah and Bab fields. Bahrain has plans to develop 3.6 MMPTA shore-based import facility. Oman has combined Oman LNG and Qalhat LNG projects for integrated benefits, is developing unconventional gas reserves and would reduce gas subsidies to improve the demand equilibrium. Yemen continues to export LNG but has interruptions because of security issues. While Qatar gains geo-political benefits from its broader LNG export customers, with plans to expand its LNG capacity further, the possibility of it supplying gas to its neighbors is remote. Whereas, Saudi Arabia is better dedicated to its oil-field development, has realized benefits of developing and commercializing its gas fields, for both power and job generation. In view of the above, LNG thus remains a strategic choice for GCC countries mainly due to: Most environment-friendly and efficient option for rapidly escalating power demand at ~ 8% p.a.Techno-economics favoring fuel mix of LSFO and LNG for power and industries, instead of crude and dieselRefinery-Petrochemical integration becomes a more viable optionLimitations on geo-technical and geo-political contentious issues on developing non-associated gas fieldsChallenges on speeding up trade and strengthening exchange of power using 2009-set GCC grid, at full capacitySlow diversification into high-profile renewable power projects and its bold initiatives
7
Dean, Jered, Robert Braun, Michael Penev, Christopher Kinchin, and David Mun˜oz. "Leveling Intermittent Renewable Energy Production Through Biomass Gasification-Based Hybrid Systems." In ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90067.
Full textAbstract:
The increased use of intermittent renewable power in the United States is forcing utilities to manage increasingly complex supply and demand interactions. This paper evaluates biomass pathways for hydrogen production and how they can be integrated with renewable resources to improve the efficiency, reliability, dispatchability, and cost of other renewable technologies. Two hybrid concepts were analyzed that involve co-production of gaseous hydrogen and electric power from thermochemical biorefineries. Both of the concepts analyzed share the basic idea of combining intermittent wind-generated electricity with a biomass gasification plant. The systems were studied in detail for process feasibility and economic performance. The best performing system was estimated to produce hydrogen at a cost of $1.67/kg. The proposed hybrid systems seek to either fill energy shortfalls by supplying hydrogen to a peaking natural gas turbine or to absorb excess renewable power during low-demand hours. Direct leveling of intermittent renewable electricity production is accomplished with either an indirectly heated biomass gasifier, or a directly heated biomass gasifier. The indirect gasification concepts studied were found to be cost competitive in cases where value is placed on controlling carbon emissions. A carbon tax in the range of $26–40 per metric ton of CO2 equivalent (CO2e) emission makes the systems studied cost competitive with steam methane reforming (SMR) to produce hydrogen. However, some additional value must be placed on energy peaking or sinking for these plants to be economically viable. The direct gasification concept studied replaces the air separation unit (ASU) with an electrolyzer bank and is unlikely to be cost competitive in the near future. High electrolyzer costs and wind power requirements make the hybridization difficult to justify economically without downsizing the system. Based on a direct replacement of the ASU with electrolyzers, hydrogen can be produced for $0.27 premium per kilogram. Additionally, if a non-renewable, grid-mix electricity is used, the hybrid system is found to be a net CO2e emitter.
8
Schwarz, Peter, Navid Goudarzi, and Ercument Camadan. "Adjusting the Levelized Cost of Energy for Different Rates of Compensation for Solar Generation: A Case Study." In ASME 2020 Power Conference collocated with the 2020 International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2020-16938.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) was developed for conventional, non-renewable energy sources, and can be misleading for renewable sources. The intermittent nature of renewable energy resources requires further refining the LCOE definition to prevent overvaluing renewables. Utilities must consider revenues as well as costs in comparing renewables to each other, as well as to conventional, non-renewable fuels. This paper explores the utility net revenues from solar energy — revenues from customer grid purchases net of payments made for solar generation by the customer exported to the utility — under three rate alternatives: Net Metering, Net Purchasing, and Gross Metering. Using individual customer data from Austin Energy for solar customers for the year of 2018, the net revenues to the utility under these three mechanisms were studied for two cases: increasing block rates and flat rates. The results demonstrate that even though the levelized cost of solar adoption is unaffected by the choice of rate, solar adoption by the utility is generally most favorable under gross metering, and least favorable under net metering. Moreover, the outcome can differ on whether the utility uses flat rates or increasing block rates, and on the customer’s level of consumption. This work provides a broader system-level understanding of renewable energy technologies that can be used by engineers, researchers, and government agencies when studying the life-cycle cost of power-generating systems.
9
Singh, Bharat Raj, and Onkar Singh. "A Study on Sustainable Energy Sources and its Conversion Systems Towards Development of an Efficient Zero Pollution Novel Air Turbine to Use as Prime-Mover to the Light Vehicle." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66803.
Full textAbstract:
Greater use of hydrocarbon fuel has led to fast depletion of fossil fuel reserves. This has now become worldwide problem making civilization vulnerable due to paucity of fuel in future. It is also a fact that as civilization is growing the use of transport has become essential part of life. The use of large number of vehicles for transport is contributing to about 70% of total air pollution, creating environmental & ecological imbalances. About 100–150 years old transport technology is totally based on combustions causing higher rate of emission, ultimately depleting the thickness of Ozone layer and causing the global warming. Thus worldwide fast depletion of conventional energy resources necessitates the search of alternatives such as Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Renewable Energy Sources and other Direct Conversion of Energy Sources. This paper deals with study on potential of renewable energy resources and their conversion system with emphasis on development of zero pollution engine for vehicles which may lead to sustainable future.
10
Murali Krishna, B., and J. M. Mallikarjuna. "Renewable Biodiesel From CSO: A Fuel Option for Diesel Engines." In ASME 2006 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2006-99051.
Full textAbstract:
The petroleum-based fuels are limited reserve fuels, with our present known reserves and the growing rate of consumption, it is feared that they are not going to last long. These finite resources of petroleum and highly concentrated in certain regions of the world has given rise to frequent disruptions and uncertainties in its supply and as well as price. This situation has created a problem to increase the prices of these oils. The growing dependence on oil has created great scarcities and hardships with serious economic imbalance. A part from the problem of fast vanishing reserves, Petroleum fueled vehicles discharge significant amount of pollutants. In view of these problems attempts must be made to develop the technology of alternate clean burning fuels. The alternative, which satisfies all these requirements, is bio-diesel. Bio-diesel is methyl or ethyl ester of fatty acid made from virgin or used vegetable oils (both edible and non-edible) and animal fat, by converting the triglyceride oils to methyl (or ethyl) esters with a process known as transesterification. Bio-fuels are important now and offer increase in potential for the future. This paper consists two phases. The phase one dealt with preparation of bio-diesel from Cotton Seed Oil (C.S.O), which is available at cheaper price, as it is byproduct from cotton industries. Its properties were determined experimentally and compared with the conventional diesel fuel. The second phase dealt with conduction of experiments on a single cylinder, 4-stroke, direct injection Diesel Engine without modifications at constant speed 1500 rpm for various loads using 100% bio-diesel and conventional diesel fuel. It noticed that, the performance of the engine is not severely deviated by the substituted renewable biodiesel inaddition considerable decrease in smoke level. It is concluding that the biodiesel is superior fuel from the environmental and performance point of view, addition to this reducing the import of oil and consequentially improving energy security as a renewable alternate fuel.
Reports on the topic "Non-renewable energy resources"
1
Jefferson, C. W., and W. A. Spirito. Non-renewable mineral and energy resource potential of proposed extensions to Nahanni National Park Reserve, Northern Cordillera, Northwest Territories. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/214160.
Full text