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1
Otajonova, Dildor. "Types of speech internet communication and functionality of its graphical display elements." American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 7, no. 2 (2025): 101–10. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume07issue02-10.
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This study examines the typology and functionality of graphical display elements in modern speech internet communication. Specifically, the research aimed to analyze different types of internet communication and their non-verbal components, thereby identifying and categorizing structural, functional, and semantic characteristics of these communication forms. To achieve these objectives, the study employed qualitative content analysis methodology to examine various forms of internet communication including blogs, social networks, email, and internet conversations. In particular, the analysis focused on four main categories of graphical elements: emoticons/smileys, emojis, graphic stickers, and memes, examining their communicative functions, contextual usage patterns, and semantic interpretations. Subsequently, the findings reveal that online interaction represents a complex system incorporating both verbal and non-verbal elements, where graphical display elements serve multiple functions beyond decoration. Furthermore, the research demonstrates that emoticons primarily express emotional states, while emojis offer semantic precision through categorized pictograms. Additionally, stickers provide character-based emotional expression, whereas memes serve as cultural touchstones that build community and establish shared understanding among users. Consequently, the study concludes that graphical display elements have become integral to modern digital literacy, thus compensating for the absence of traditional non-verbal cues in digital communication while creating new forms of expression unique to the digital environment. Moreover, the formality and informality of internet communication are determined by both platform characteristics and addressee relationships, with graphical elements adapting their roles accordingly in each context. These findings, therefore, have significant implications for educators, communication specialists, and platform developers who must consider the fundamental role of these elements in facilitating effective online communication.
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Marco, Josep. "Connectives as indicators of explicitation in literary translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 30, no. 1 (2018): 87–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.16042.mar.
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Abstract This study aims to answer three questions: (1) whether there are differences in the frequency of use of connectives between translated and non-translated Catalan literary texts; (2) whether these differences (if they exist) are sensitive to the type of semantic relation conveyed; and (3) to what extent they are due to explicitation or other factors. Quantitative analysis reveals that there is no significant difference in the overall frequency of occurrence of connectives in translations and non-translations, but the behaviour of connectives in translations is sensitive to the type of semantic relation conveyed. Moreover, the higher frequency of connectives expressing consequence in translations seems to be related to explicitation. Qualitative analysis suggests that explicitation is strongly associated with two factors: the semantic relation conveyed by the connective being part of the common ground shared by participants, and the predominance of the procedural function of the connective.
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Orellana-Martín, David, Luis Valencia-Cabrera, and Mario J. Pérez-Jiménez. "P Systems with Evolutional Communication and Division Rules." Axioms 10, no. 4 (2021): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms10040327.
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A widely studied field in the framework of membrane computing is computational complexity theory. While some types of P systems are only capable of efficiently solving problems from the class P, adding one or more syntactic or semantic ingredients to these membrane systems can give them the ability to efficiently solve presumably intractable problems. These ingredients are called to form a frontier of efficiency, in the sense that passing from the first type of P systems to the second type leads to passing from non-efficiency to the presumed efficiency. In this work, a solution to the SAT problem, a well-known NP-complete problem, is obtained by means of a family of recognizer P systems with evolutional symport/antiport rules of length at most (2,1) and division rules where the environment plays a passive role; that is, P systems from CDEC^(2,1). This result is comparable to the one obtained in the tissue-like counterpart, and gives a glance of a parallelism and the non-evolutionary membrane systems with symport/antiport rules.
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Savytska, Larysa. "Zero Emotiveness in Business Communication." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 65 (December 2015): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.65.47.
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The aim of this study is to prove that the function of emotiveness in any type of business communication as a linguistic category reflects language design of communicants’ emotion. The concept of zero emotiveness is considered as an example of business communication but a business text can acquire emotiveness. The semantic status of zero emotiveness in a business text has the status of potential. Zero emotiveness is manifested in words with the potential that acquire emotive connotation due to actualization of latent, probabilistic semes of emotiveness or putting semes of emotiveness from consociation to the semantic of neutral words. The degree of emotiveness depends on the status of a business text. Even in strictly standardized and regulated business texts emotiveness is presented in its zero degree.
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Steinert-Threlkeld, Shane. "Quantifiers in Natural Language: Efficient Communication and Degrees of Semantic Universals." Entropy 23, no. 10 (2021): 1335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e23101335.
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While the languages of the world vary greatly, they exhibit systematic patterns, as well. Semantic universals are restrictions on the variation in meaning exhibit cross-linguistically (e.g., that, in all languages, expressions of a certain type can only denote meanings with a certain special property). This paper pursues an efficient communication analysis to explain the presence of semantic universals in a domain of function words: quantifiers. Two experiments measure how well languages do in optimally trading off between competing pressures of simplicity and informativeness. First, we show that artificial languages which more closely resemble natural languages are more optimal. Then, we introduce information-theoretic measures of degrees of semantic universals and show that these are not correlated with optimality in a random sample of artificial languages. These results suggest both that efficient communication shapes semantic typology in both content and function word domains, as well as that semantic universals may not stand in need of independent explanation.
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Ю., Б. Струганець. "СИНОНІМІЧНІ ТА АНТОНІМІЧНІ ВІДНОШЕННЯ У ФУТБОЛЬНІЙ ТЕРМІНОЛОГІЇ". Збірник наукових праць ХНПУ імені Г.С. Сковороди "Лінгвістичні дослідження", № 44 (7 листопада 2016): 193–99. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.165113.
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Despite researchers’ attention to the theoretical and practical issues of sports terminology, football termunits still requires systematic research. Purpose of the article is to analyze synonymic and antonymic relations in the system of Ukrainian football terminology. The source base is the professional dictionaries, general language dictionaries, sports newspapers and magazines, professional, non-fiction and reference books on football issues, football programmes on TV, broadcasting of football matches, football Internetcommunication, oral football communication. In analyzed case of terms founded such types of synonyms: one-word terms-doublets, termssyntactic synonyms, definitional synonyms, stylistic synonyms. Absolute synonyms coincide with semantics, emotional colouring, compatibility, not frequency. Partial synonyms are dominated. It is found that antonymic synonyms in the football vocabulary convey the spirit of resistance in this sport. It is determined semantic opposition based on different types of relationships: a) semantic relations (gradual, complementary, vector, coordinate antonyms); b) formal and structural terms (with different and with same root); c) stylistic terms (general language and contextual antonyms). Summing up, football terminology needs constant attention of researchers, especially in its unification and standardization.
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Hidayah, Nurul. "A Descriptive Study of Registers Found in Spoken and Written Communication (A Semantic Analysis)." Register Journal 2, no. 2 (2016): 121. http://dx.doi.org/10.18326/rgt.v2i2.121-134.
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This research is descriptive study of registers found in spoken and written communication. The type of this research is Descriptive Qualitative Research. In this research, the data of the study is register in spoken and written communication that are found in a book entitled "Communicating! Theory and Practice" and from internet. The data can be in the forms of words, phrases and abbreviation. In relation with method of collection data, the writer uses the library method as her instrument. The writer relates it to the study of register in spoken and written communication. The technique of analyzing the data using descriptive method. The types of register in this term will be separated into formal register and informal register, and identify the meaning of register.Keywords: Register; Spoken and Written Communication; Jargon; Slang; Motherese
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Radbil, T. B., L. V. Ratsiburskaya, and I. V. Paloshi. "Active Processes in the Vocabulary and Word Formation of the Russian Language in the Era of Coronavirus: Linguo-Cognitive Aspect." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-1-63-79.
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Semantic, lexical and derivational features of the emergence and spread of new phenomena in the speech practice of Russian speakers of the latest period associated with the COVID-19 pandemic are investigated. A linguo-cognitive interpretation of active processes in Russian vocabulary and Russian word formation of the era of coronavirus as formats of knowledge about the changed reality and the new conditions of communication associated with these changes is given. The methods of linguo-cognitive description of the “language of culture” and the method of analyzing active processes at different levels of the language system and methods of its speech implementation are used. The research materials are a dynamic and actively developing Russian-language segment of Internet communication and text data of the Russian National Corpus. Special attention is paid to three groups of new phenomena in the vocabulary of the Russian language associated with the mental and cultural development of the “coronavirus” conceptual space by native speakers: lexical-semantic, lexical and lexical-word-formation innovations. It is shown that active processes of the semantic type find their expression in the phenomena of “new polysemy” and “new homonymy”, as well as non-usual semantic narrowing. It is concluded that new words and expressions not only capture the emergence of new realities of life with coronavirus, but also contribute to the understanding of the changed social reality.
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Small, Jeff A., and JoAnn Perry. "Do You Remember? How Caregivers Question Their Spouses Who Have Alzheimer’s Disease and the Impact on Communication." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 48, no. 1 (2005): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2005/010).
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This study examined the types of questions caregivers use and their outcomes when conversing with their spouse with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Of particular interest was caregivers’ use of yes-no and open-ended questions and the demands they make on the memory of the person with AD. It was hypothesized that communication between caregivers and their spouses would be more successful when caregivers used yes-no rather than open-ended questions; however, it was also predicted that a more positive communication outcome would occur when caregivers used open-ended questions that requested information from semantic rather than episodic memory. Eighteen caregivers and their spouses diagnosed with AD were audiotaped while they conversed for approximately 10 min on a topic of their choosing. The conversations were transcribed and coded according to the occurrence of questions, the type of question (yes-no, choice, or open-ended), the type of memory required to respond to a question (semantic or episodic), and the outcome of a response to a question (communication breakdown). The results indicated that caregivers used yes-no and open-ended questions to a similar extent, whereas episodic questions were used almost twice as frequently as semantic questions. Communication was more successful when caregivers used yes-no compared with open-ended questions and when questions placed demands on semantic rather than episodic memory. The findings from this study suggest that caregivers can reduce communication problems by avoiding the use of questions that depend on episodic memory. In addition, while yes-no questions were associated with more favorable outcomes than open-ended questions, the latter do not need to be avoided if they refer to information that draws only on semantic memory.
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Kurbanova, Munavvara. "Semantic classification of illocutionary acts characteristic of children’s." Uzbekistan: language and culture 2 (June 10, 2024): 18–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/tsuull.uzlc.2024.2/cjwy6157.
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The pragmatic essence of the concept of “speech act” is explained in the article. The necessary components of the speech act are noted. What type of speech act to use in the process of communication depends on the communicative goal of the speaker, but the mental and emotional state of a person, gender characteristics, age aspect also have a serious impact on the choice of the type of speech act. In particular, it was pointed out that children are clearly manifested in their speech activity. It explains the causes of illocution in children’s communicative activities. Illocutionary acts related to their speech are classified according to their semantic features. A number of meaningful types of speech acts are used in children’s communication, each meaningful type of speech acts created by them has its own syntactic structure, some acts are even distinguished by having a special lexical-semantic layer, illocution It is said that the power of the speaker is related to the method and tactics of the speaker, that children also have their own ways of expressing certain information, and that they express their communicative intent secretly.
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Sköldberg, Emma. "När faktorer lyser med sin frånvaro: om några typer av betydelsevariation hos svenska idiom." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 18, no. 35 (2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v18i35.25819.
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In this paper, I explore certain types of semantic variation that recur in 36 Swedish idioms when used in contemporary newspaper material (slightly more than 33.7 million running words). The semantic analysis of the idioms is infl uenced by studies of lexemes. The idioms are described according to the principle of factor analysis, meaning that I have attempted to differentiate semantic factors that can be considered building blocks in the internal semantic structure constituting the conventionalized meaning of the idioms. Defi nitions of the expressions were then based on the semantic factors. One type of variation entails the manifestation of a specifi c semantic factor in certain cases when the idiom is used. Other times, the relevant factor is absent. In a different type of variation, one particular semantic factor is replaced by another. The study reported here should be useful in a variety of ways, including as a basis for comparison between how semantic variation appears in different types of fi xed phrases and lexemes.
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Manning, Alan D. "The Semantics of Technical Graphics." Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 19, no. 1 (1989): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pv8h-vwdr-dk35-mtnh.
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Common technical graphics terms table, graph, chart, and diagram share a parallel logical structure with the four common types of technical graphics that the terms typically refer to. In the system of terminology as in the system of graphics types, four logical categories result from the possible permutations of two features. The abstract semantic features which underlie the meanings of the terms are in this discussion labeled as [UNITS] and [PROPERTIES]; likewise the significant features which distinguish the graphics types are here labeled as “units” and “properties.” These proposed semantic features reflect a fundamental semantic relation common to all meaningful statements, the attribution of a property (a predicate) to an object (a subject). The connection between term-features ([UNITS] and [PROPERTIES]) and type-features (“units” and “properties”) is a variable but systematic sense-reference relation. Consequently the terminology used to refer to the various graphics types varies systematically according to the markedness relationships among the terms. Principled explanations of the best uses for each graphics type follow from the proposed logical relations between them.
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Piddubna, Nataliia, Vitalii Pereiaslov, and Olha Tkach. "LINGUISTIC EXAMINATION OF CREOLISED TEXTS DURING THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR." Odessa National University Herald. Series: Philology 28, no. 1(27) (2023): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-8332.2023.1(27).297879.
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The article analyses the use of certain non-verbal means of communication as markers of justification, support, and approval of the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine in the projection of linguistic semantic and textual examination of speech. It is demonstrated that visual elements primarily convey substantive and factual information; an important component of the image is often substantive and conceptual information related to the communicative competence of speakers – participants in communication. It is shown that in the context of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine by the Russian Federation, the linguistic examination of creolised texts as a special type of polycode texts containing elements of different components of communication – verbal and non-verbal – has been updated, where the non-verbal part is mainly represented by images of symbols of Russian aggression, such as Latin letters «V», «Z», George’s ribbons, images of Soviet and Russian military, etc., which are non-verbal textual markers of approval and support for the actions of the Russian military against Ukraine. The author proposes a methodology for analysing creolised texts with war symbols and describes an algorithm of expert actions when analysing creolised texts.
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Nowbakht, Mohammad, and Thierry Olive. "The Role of Error Type and Working Memory in Written Corrective Feedback Effectiveness on First-Language Self Error-Correction." Written Communication 38, no. 2 (2021): 278–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0741088320986554.
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This study examined the role of error-type and working memory (WM) in the effectiveness of direct-metalinguistic and indirect written corrective feedback (WCF) on self error-correction in first-language writing. Fifty-one French first-year psychology students volunteered to participate in the experiment. They carried out a first-language error-correction task after receiving WCF on typographical, orthographic, grammatical, and semantic errors. Results indicated that error-type affected the efficacy of WCF. In both groups, typographical error-correction was performed better than the others; orthographic and grammatical error-correction were not different, but both were corrected more frequently than semantic errors. Between-group comparisons showed no difference between the two groups in correcting typographical, orthographic, and grammatical errors, while semantic error-correction was performed significantly better for the direct group. Results revealed that WM was not involved in correcting typographical, orthographic, and grammatical errors in both groups. It did, however, predict semantic error-correction only in response to direct-metalinguistic WCF. In addition, the processing component of WM was predictive of semantic error-correction in the direct WCF group. These findings suggest that error-type mediates the effectiveness of WCF on written error-correction at the monitoring stage of writing, while WM does not associate with all WCF types efficacy at this stage.
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Taylor-Rubin, Cathleen, Karen Croot, Emma Power, Sharon A. Savage, John R. Hodges, and Leanne Togher. "Communication behaviors associated with successful conversation in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia." International Psychogeriatrics 29, no. 10 (2017): 1619–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610217000813.
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ABSTRACTBackground:Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) affects a range of language and cognitive domains that impact on conversation. Little is known about conversation breakdown in the semantic variant of PPA (svPPA, also known as semantic dementia). This study investigates conversation of people with svPPA.Methods:Dyadic conversations about everyday activities between seven individuals with svPPA and their partners, and seven control pairs were video recorded and transcribed. Number of words, turns, and length of turns were measured. Trouble-indicating behaviors (TIBs) and repair behaviors were categorized and identified as successful or not for each participant in each dyad.Results:In general, individuals with svPPA were active participants in conversation, taking an equal proportion of turns, but indicating a great deal of more trouble in conversation, shown by the significantly higher number of TIBs than evidenced by partners or control participants. TIBs were interactive (asking for confirmation with a shorter repetition of the original utterance or a repetition which included a request for specific information) and non-interactive (such as failing to take up or continue the topic or a minimal response) and unlike those previously reported for people with other PPA variants and dementia of the Alzheimer type. Communication behaviors of the partner were critical to conversational success.Conclusions:Examination of trouble and repair in 10-min conversations of individuals with svPPA and their important communication partners has potential to inform speech pathology interventions to enhance successful conversation, in svPPA and should be an integral part of the comprehensive care plan.
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Zamaldinov, V. E. "Internet communication as space for creating derivational neologisms." Memoirs of NovSU, no. 2 (2025): 426–35. https://doi.org/10.34680/2411-7951.2025.2(57).426-435.
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The paper considers Internet communication as a space where new lexical units are created. Derivational neologisms created with the help of prefixes are analysed. Such neologisms reflect social realities and are used to negatively characterize a denotatum. Suffixal neological units are demonstrated. To form them, the addresser often uses anthroponyms as generating words. Suffix nominations are involved in creating a political portrait and ensure the interest of the addressee. The derivational neologisms of the root-affix type are distinguished. Neological units are usually used by the author of a journalistic text to express an assessment. Complex derivational neologisms are described. Composites have evaluativity, which is supported by the semantics of the motivating word. Neologisms of non-usual origin are revealed. It is established that the interword overlap and graphical hybridization are in demand in Internet communication. New lexical units encourage the receptor to read the text carefully. Structural and semantic analysis, word-formation analysis, and pragmatic analysis are carried out. The results of the study may be of interest to philologists, journalists and public relations specialists.
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KOUZAPAS, DIMITRIOS, NOBUKO YOSHIDA, RAYMOND HU, and KOHEI HONDA. "On asynchronous eventful session semantics." Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 26, no. 2 (2014): 303–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096012951400019x.
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Event-driven programming is one of the major paradigms in concurrent and communication-based programming, where events are typically detected as the arrival of messages on asynchronous channels. Unfortunately, the flexibility and performance of traditional event-driven programming come at the cost of more complex programs: low-level APIs and the obfuscation of event-driven control flow make programs difficult to read, write and verify.This paper introduces a π-calculus with session types that modelsevent-driven session programming(called ESP) and studies its behavioural theory. The main characteristics of the ESP model are asynchronous, order-preserving message passing, non-blocking detection of event/message arrivals and dynamic inspection of session types. Session types offer formal safety guarantees, such as communication and event handling safety, and programmatic benefits that overcome problems with existing event-driven programming languages and techniques. The new typed bisimulation theory developed for the ESP model is distinct from standard synchronous or asynchronous bisimulation, capturing the semantic nature of eventful session-based processes. The bisimilarity coincides with reduction-closed barbed congruence.We demonstrate the features and benefits of ESP and the behavioural theory through two key use cases. First, we examine an encoding and the semantic behaviour of the event selector, a central component of general event-driven systems, providing core results for verifying type-safe event-driven applications. Second, we examine the Lauer–Needham duality, building on the selector encoding and bisimulation theory to prove that a systematic transformation from multithreaded to event-driven session processes is type- and semantics-preserving.
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Panasiuk, Valerii, and Kateryna Іudova-Romanova. "Theater as a Special Type of Artistic Communication in Modern Scientific Discourse." Bulletin of Kyiv National University of Culture and Arts. Series in Stage Art 6, no. 1 (2023): 35–48. https://doi.org/10.31866/2616-759X.6.1.2023.276709.
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The purpose of the study is to characterize theatrical communication as an actual field of scientific research, as well as to analyse the nature and characteristics of various communication processes that any theatrical event generates. Research methodology. The following methodological approaches were used in the study: analytical: to review existing scientific publications on the subject of the study; theoretical: to define the concept of "theatrical communication"; conceptual: to identify connections in the system of theatrical communication. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the comprehension of the contemporary scientific discourse on theatre as a social and communicative artistic institution and in the focus of scientific attention on the collective specificity of various agents involved in communication in the stage creativity process. Conclusions. The study confirms the idea of theatre as a special type of artistic communication. Therefore, the communicative approach is one of the priorities in the study of the process of broadcasting and perception of the stage text. This is evidenced by the relevant body of research in the humanities of the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. At the same time, theatrical communication is understood as a process of socio-cultural exchange of information in an artistic form that takes place in a conditionally defined stage space. The sender (transmitter) and addressee (receiver, recipient of communication, viewer/listener) of a literary text, as well as the location of the contact, create a peculiar communicative triangle. Each of the three components can be the subject of a separate scientific study in various fields of knowledge: sociology, theatre studies, cultural studies, and social communications. Depending on the genre of a theatrical event, the addressee may use the appropriate lexical form of broadcasting stage information: dramatic, vocal, choreographic, musical, pantomimic, visual, etc.
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Kusharenko, Natalia, and Alla Solyanik. "The semantic component of Ukrainian embroidery as a type of document." Вісник Книжкової палати, no. 10 (October 25, 2023): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2023.10(327).31-41.
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Based on the application of a documentary approach to the study of Ukrainian embroidery as a means of social communication, it is proved that this phenomenon can be considered in the status of an embroidered document. The peculiarities of the semantic component of embroidery, which is established by its functional purpose and sphere of everyday life, is reflected in the varieties of signs-symbols, their graphic and color spectra, types of ornament, and the specifics of its material and constructive embodiment. It has been proven that the study of the origin and specific properties of the semantic, signative, and temporal components of an embroidered document is a promising direction of modern documentary studies.
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Suprun, Lyudmyla, and Volodymyr Suprun. "Semantic and Syntax Structure of Unextended Sentences of Verbal Type in the Belles Lettres Communication of Oles Gonchar." Vìsnik Marìupolʹsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu Serìâ Fìlologìâ 14, no. 25 (2021): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.34079/2226-3055-2021-14-25-295-301.
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The article is devoted to the study of the structure of the Ukrainian sentence. At the centre of the authors' scientific interests are unextended sentences of verbal type. The investigation was carried out with the presupposition of the opinion of leading modern syntacticians on the division of simple sentences or parts of complex sentences into extended and unextended ones and the recognition of the minimal structural elements by syntactic units, self-sufficient for forming and expressing predicative basis. The object of the study was unextended verb-type sentences without obligatory predicate components. The analysis includes not only sentences consisting of a subject and a predicate (two-member sentence) or a main clause (one-member sentence sentence), expressed by an absolute verb, but also those that can be distributed by optional components, as well as sentences of complex structure. The material for scientific research was a discourse of high functional-stylistic and individual-speech quality, accumulated in Oles Honchar's novels «Cathedral» and «Your Star». Among the verbs of the modern Ukrainian language, which model unextended sentences of verbal type, the following semantic groups are distinguished: verbs that express action as a lesson, skill, duty; verbs representing the psychophysiological state; verbs of movement, motion; verbs with the meaning of «transformation», «transition», «emergence of a new feature», «strengthening of a feature or quality»; verbs denoting sounds; verbs with the meaning «to take place», «to be» (about the natural phenomena). The main attention in the article is focused on the semantic and syntactic organization of unextended sentences. For this purpose, semantic types of verbs of the modern Ukrainian language are singled out and illustrated with extensive examples, which compose unextended sentences of verbal type in Oles Honchar's belles-lettres communication. Their analysis showed that the writer prefers the verbs of movement, motion and especially those verbs that express the psychophysiological state. Oles Honchar rarely uses verbs that express action as a lesson, skill, duty. The verbs denoting sounds represent a small group either. Verbs with the meaning «to take place», «to be», reproducing the natural phenomena are more frequent. The verbs denoting «transformation», «transition», «emergence of a new feature», «strengthening of a feature or quality» took a borderline position in terms of usage frequency. Based on the analysis of uncommon verb-type sentences without obligatory predicate components in Oles Honchar’s belles-lettres communication, a general conclusion is made that their meanings form a complex of heterogeneous semantic elements. Semantic-syntactic differential features of such sentences are due, among other things, to the self-sufficient semantic content of absolute verbs-predicates.
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Hill-Madsen, Aage. "Semantic Density and Gravity in Lay-oriented Medical Knowledge Communication II: The Case of Patient Information Leaflets." Nordic Journal of English Studies 24, no. 1 (2025): 41–74. https://doi.org/10.35360/njes.v24i1.41116.
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This article investigates a lay-oriented medical genre, viz., the small type of brochure (the so-called Patient Information Leaflet (PIL)) that accompanies the packaging of medicinal products, providing basic information about the drug in question, particularly its use. The study draws a semantic profile of the texts in order to establish the character, and in particular the degree of challenge for lay readers, of the knowledge communication taking place in the genre. For analytical methodology, a framework derived from Legitimation Code Theory is used to analyze semantic density (complexity of meaning) and semantic gravity (strengths of context-dependence), on the assumption that semantically dense and context-independent texts may be challenging for certain groups of readers. Analytical results reveal that very different strengths of semantic density are represented in all texts, and the same is true for semantic gravity. Based on the analytical results, the PIL genre is then profiled in terms of its semantic codes. The conclusion is that PILs are a highly composite genre that integrates a multitude of codes, thus requiring a relatively high degree of versatility in coding orientation on the part of readers.
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Lotfipour-Saedi, Kazem. "Lexical Cohesion and Translation Equivalence." Meta 42, no. 1 (2002): 185–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004014ar.
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Abstract According to modem trends in linguistics, a text rather than a sentence is the unit of communication, and communication and negotiation of meanings in human verbal transactions is achieved within the framework of a text. Among the features which contribute to the texture of a text and distinguish it from a non-text, cohesion has been argued to be an important one. Halliday and Hasan (1976) have described different types of cohesion (grammatical, lexical and conjunction). In this paper we would like to define the notion of Translation Equivalence (TE) in terms of lexical cohesion. The type of lexical strategies employed by the SL discourse producer, the nature of the cohesive network (predictive, prospective as well as retrospective) created by such strategies and the type of semantic structures which exist among the lexical nodes in this network will first be characterized. Then the TL equivalent text will be examined in terms of similar lexical strategies.
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Ian F. Akyildiz and Hongzhi Guo. "Holographic-type communication: A new challenge for the next decade." ITU Journal on Future and Evolving Technologies 3, no. 2 (2022): 421–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.52953/yrll3571.
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Holographic-Type Communication (HTC) is an important technology that will be supported by 6G and beyond wireless systems. It provides truly immersive experiences for a large number of novel applications, such as holographic telepresence, healthcare, retail, education, training, entertainment, sports, and gaming, by displaying multi-view high resolution 3D holograms of humans or objects/items and creating multi-sensory media (mulsemedia), including audio, haptic, smell, and taste. HTC faces great challenges in transmitting high volume data with guaranteed end-to-end latency which cannot be addressed by existing communication and networking technologies. The contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, it introduces the basics and generic architectures of HTC systems. The encoding and decoding of hologram and mulsemedia are discussed, and the envisioned use cases and technical requirements are introduced. Second, this paper identifies limitations of existing wireless and wired networks in realizing HTC and points out the promising 6G and beyond networking technologies. Particularly, for HTC sources, the point cloud encoding and mulsemedia creation and synchronization are introduced. For HTC networking, new directions and associated research challenges, such as semantic communications, deterministic networks, time sensitive networks, distributed encoding and decoding, and predictive networks, are discussed as they may enable high data rate communications with guaranteed end-to-end latency. For HTC destinations, the heterogeneity of HTC devices, synchronization, and user motion prediction are explored and associated research challenges are pointed out. Video communication with 2D content has profoundly changed our daily life and workin style. HTC is an advanced technology that provides 3D immersive experiences, which will become the next research frontier.
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McGregor, William B. "The Medio-Active Construction in Nyulnyulan Languages." Studies in Language 23, no. 3 (1999): 531–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.23.3.04mcg.
Full textAbstract:
Most Nyulnyulan languages (non-Pama-Nyungan, Western Australia), show an unusual clause type, the medio-active, with the case-frame of a transitive clause, but the verbal agreement of an intransitive clause; there is no formal registration in the verb. This paper provides a detailed description of the structural and semantic properties of this clause type in each language that exhibits it, identifying shared features and differences. Evidence is presented that it represents a distinct construction, of intermediate transitivity, and a grammatical analysis is proposed in terms of roles. The medio-active shows, however, few characteristics prototypical of the passive, and is not a voice option.
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Shakhovskiy, Victor I. "Ecology of communicative word distribution." Neophilology, no. 27 (2021): 369–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-6953-2021-7-27-369-376.
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We offer an extended understanding of the linguistic term distribution. We list its possible constructs in various communicative acts and communicative-semantic situations in the aspect of a new linguistic paradigm – “Emotive linguoecology”. We distinguish several constructs for the distribution of the communicative interaction of speakers. Each type of construct is illustrated with examples from the history and modern life of the Russian language, as well as fiction autobiographical literature, pedagogical parables and Internet resources. We substantiate that the modern era is characterized by the presence of createme, emotionalization and expressivization of society, as evidenced by the ecology of communication. We argue that one of the main tasks of modern world linguistics is to curb human emotions with language, its linguoplastics and reorientation of all types of communication to a positive vector. To consider linguistic facts, we propose a non-trivial approach to understanding the term concept of linguistic distribution, namely, its extended understanding: word position from right to left (contact / discount / distant), action, situation, event, confession, culture, social environment, micro-, macrocontext, chapter / section context, book parts, vertical context of the entire book, vertical context of all texts of one author , the vertical context of all books by all authors, the specific culture of all authors of fictional and non-fictional works - the global mega-context of some global word / global semantic universum.
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Mallat, Souheyl, Emna Hkiri, Mohsen Maraoui, and Mounir Zrigui. "Semantic Network Formalism for Knowledge Representation." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 11, no. 4 (2015): 64–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2015100103.
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In this paper, the authors propose formalism for representing a knowledge base (KB) by network. The objective is to achieve a high coverage of this base. This type of network is similar to the semantic network with the difference that the arcs are quantified by a value indicating the semantic proximity between the concepts. This semantic proximity presents taxonomic relations, synonyms, and non-taxonomic relations (contextual relations). This latter are discovered based on the association rules model. This model is based on (i) indexing method (ii) the French lexical database EuroWordNet (EWNF) and (iii) the Apriori algorithm. The contextual relations are the latent relations buried in the KB, carried by the semantic context. Evaluating our representation formalism shows better result about 80% of coverage of the KB.
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Tomuro, Noriko. "Question terminology and representation for question type classification." Recent Trends in Computational Terminology 10, no. 1 (2004): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/term.10.1.08tom.
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Question terminology is a set of terms which appear in keywords, idioms and fixed expressions commonly observed in questions. This paper investigates ways to automatically extract question terminology from a corpus of questions and represent them for the purpose of classifying by question type. Our key interest is to see whether or not semantic features can enhance the representation of strongly lexical nature of question sentences. We compare two feature sets: one with lexical features only, and another with a mixture of lexical and semantic features. For evaluation, we measure the classification accuracy made by two machine learning algorithms, C5.0 and PEBLS, by using a procedure called domain cross-validation, which effectively measures the domain transferability of features.
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Kriyantono, Rachmat. "Consumers' Internal Meaning on Complementary Co-Branding Product by Using Osgood's Theory of Semantic Differential." GATR Journal of Management and Marketing Review 2, no. 2 (2017): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/jmmr.2017.2.2(9).
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Objective - The research focuses on applying semantic meaning theory and semantic differential scale to marketing communication, particularly co-branding products strategy, as an external stimulus to the consumers. The research aims to evaluate a hypothesis that co-brands have different meaning from the consumers, however, the consumers would express more positive meaning –evaluation, activity, potency- toward a parent brand. Methodology/Technique - Although co-branding products have been in use for some time, there is surprisingly little quantitative empirical research on the subject. Findings – A survey on 100 respondents reveals that although co-brands –Avanza and Xenia- have identical products, they have different meaning from the consumers, and the consumers express more positive meaning –evaluation, activity, potency- toward Avanza rather than Xenia. Novelty - It contributes to develop the study of co-branding in Indonesia. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Co-branding Product, Indonesia, Marketing Communication, Osgood's Semantic Differential, Semantic Meaning Theory. JEL Classification: M31, M37.
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Zarif, Imran, Sardar Hammad, and Sikandar Seemab. "Semantic Shift in English Loanwords Used by Pakistani Urdu-Speaking Community on Social Media." ACADEMIA International Journal for Social Sciences 4, no. 1 (2025): 863–70. https://doi.org/10.63056/acad.004.01.0138.
Full textAbstract:
The use of English loanwords in Urdu communication has increased, particularly in digital discourse where the meanings of these words shift. The way loanwords are understood in Urdu discourse is influenced by social media platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and X (formerly known as Twitter), which offer a dynamic environment for linguistic change. Despite extensive research on code-switching and borrowing, limited studies specifically examine the semantic shifts of English loanwords in Urdu within online interactions. This study aims to examine how English loanwords used in informal Urdu communication on social media have changed semantically. It focuses on categorizing the types of semantic changes, identifying the changed meanings, and comparing them to their original meanings. A qualitative approach was used, analyzing 12 X posts and 12 videos from TikTok and YouTube. Data was collected from videos transcripts, captions and public posts to examine the contextual adaptation of those loanwords in Urdu discourse. Metaphorical extension, broadening, narrowing, pejoration, and elevation were observed as types of semantic shifts under Leonard Bloomfield’s (1933) model of semantic change. The most common type was metaphorical extension which appeaard in four words. Broadening was the joint second with narrowing, each observed in three words. Semantic elevation and pejoration appeared in one word each. The findings show that digital communication accelerates semantic shifts in English loanwords in Urdu discourse. This study highlights the role of social media in reshaping borrowed words’ meaning.
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Tapilin, Tatiana V. "NARRATIVE MULTIMODAL TEXT AS A TYPE OF MULTIMODAL TEXT." Vestnik of Kostroma State University 30, no. 2 (2024): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2024-30-2-151-156.
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The modern communication environment is saturated with multimodal information with which a person actively interacts in everyday life. Researchers of multimodal texts have proven that the perception of these texts differs from the perception of linear monomodal texts, since the semantic load in the multimodal text is distributed between verbal and non-verbal modes. However, in addition to the multimodality itself, such texts may have other features, for example, narrative. Currently, quite a few works are devoted to the study of narrative multimodal texts in general, as a type of multimodal texts. In our work, we pay attention to narrative multimodal texts. The article analyses the concept of narrative multimodal text, provides a classification of these texts. Features of interaction of narrative and multimodality within one text are considered, influence of narrative on correlation of modes in the text is revealed, as well as influence of two given features on perception of such texts. The issue of further study of narrative and multimodality interaction within one text is actualised.
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Hamze, Dimitrina. "The communication with God in proverbs (based on material from Polish paremiology)." Issues in Spoken Communication 13, no. 1 (2024): 353–68. https://doi.org/10.54664/yhnl5859.
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The aim of the research is to provide motivation for the necessity of communication with God and to justify the generation of a specific type of Speech Acts (SAs), which involve a communicative triad: the producer and dual addressees – a real or virtual interlocutor and God, through a brief diachronic overview of some philosophical perspectives on the idea of God, based on material from Polish paremiology. The success of SAs is guaranteed by the presence of the Almighty, directly or indirectly invoked in SAs emanating from proverbs. This presence is presented in the study as part of the communicative roles of the Almighty: the Absolute Idea, the Absolute Ruler, the Absolute Truth, the Supreme Creator, and the Absolute Mystery. The subject’s inner imperative generates illocutionary impulses, demonstrating reverence, devotion, most often non-contradiction, and dedication to the Higher Power. The methods used include comparative, cognitive-analytical, semantic-pragmatic, and conceptual-prognostic ones.
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Ginting, Rosita, Leman Sembiring, Joy Sembiring, and Sugihana Sembiring. "The Description and Documentation of the Karonese Semantic." Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana 26, no. 2 (2019): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ling.2019.v26.i02.p01.
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The research, recording, and documentation of Karonese Semantic is an attempt to re-identify the types of word meaning, meaning relation, meaning change and meaning of names in Karonese. The semantics of Karo language is a type of communication that reflects the cultural values ??of the region, and is a part of the national culture. The Karonese sematic needs to be done in an attempt to recapture as clear information as possible about the types, relationships and changes in the meaning and meaning of names in Karonese. Semantics, which is a science of meanings of words, helps to answer it. To get research data in the form of descriptive qualitative, we applied an observation method with the technique of involment and communication, a method of interview with the recording and noting down technique, and a method of documentation with noting down technique. The results are presented in narrative form theory with structural analysis.
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Omelchenko, Iryna. "Peculiarities of the Semantic Component of Communication Activities in Preschoolers with Developmental Delay." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio N – Educatio Nova 6 (September 22, 2021): 345–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/en.2021.6.345-358.
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The article examines the peculiarities of the semantic component of communication activity of preschoolers with developmental delay. We have determined that an emotional attitude to an interlocutor introduced into communicative actions, together with the understood meanings of created messages, means transition to the semantic level of communication. We have theoretically and experimentally substantiated that this semantic level presupposes that an interacting subject is able to express emotional attitudes towards partners, to interpret and understand their mental states, which contribute to an understanding of any event or socio-communicative situation. To study the semantic level (component) of communication activities, we examined implicit and explicit mentalization. Implicit mentalization included the respondents’ assessment of the mental properties of objects proposed as partners; recognition by them of emotions and mental causes of these emotions in socio-communicative situations. Explicit mentalization means the respondents’ ability to understand causes of behaviour based on knowledge of people’s mental states, the ability to predict other people’s behaviour based on knowledge of their own and others’ mental states, the ability to understand the moral and ethical aspects of the Other’s behaviour. We have determined experimentally that children with the mentally deficient type of communication activity are characterized by difficulties in communicative prediction, misunderstanding of the causes of behaviour, low level of implicit and explicit mentalization. Hence, these children often get into conflict situations due to misconceptions about the results of their own actions or the actions of others. The identified patterns of implicit and explicit mentalization will be the basis for the technology forming communicative activity, in particular its semantic component in preschoolers with developmental delay.
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Vershinina, Tatiana S., and Natalya V. Zhukova. "The influence of a business game on the formation of the internal lexical-semantic context of a speech act: an empirical study." Perspectives of Science and Education 67, no. 1 (2024): 136–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2024.1.7.
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Introduction. Modern tendencies in education require the training of specialists for the labour market, taking into account the changing requirements and influence of the environment. The influence of sociocultural contexts is reflected in the system of human relations with the world, manifested in actions and motives, represented in the speech act. The individual internal lexical and semantic context of a speech act is deterministic by subjective predictors (type of communication, meaningful roles, consistency of the Self-real/Self-ideal, rigidly bound constructs). The article was aimed to show how the business game of the contextual type influences the formation of the individual internal lexical and semantic context of each student of the experimental group. Materials and Methods. The study covered two academic years and involved students (N=39) studying in the academic year 2021/22 in the 1st year and in the academic year 2022/23 in the 2nd year). A contextual type business game was developed for the study. The technique of repertoire lattices of J. Kelly, Cotherapeutic computer system «Kelly», methods of mathematical statistics (χ2 -Pearson for identifying the degree of consistency of nominative features - type of communication, consistency of I-real and I-ideal on the basis of role preferences) were used. Measurements were taken before and after the business game. The results were processed using the computer program «Statistica» (vers. 12). Results and discussion. It was revealed that the contextual type business game influenced the subjective predictors of individual internal lexical-semantic context of each student's speech act. Obtained on the basis of the technique of repertoire grids, personal bipolar constructs, processed in the computer system «KELLY», allowed to identify the role preferences and consistency of the real self and the ideal self, the type of communication, and individual rigidly connected constructs. Mathematical and static analysis revealed a statistically significant shift in the change in the type of communication (χ2 = 6.838; p < 0,05) before and after the business game. Conclusion. The experiment showed that a contextual business game creates conditions for the formation and development of communicative, conflict-related, sociocultural competencies.
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van Voorst, Jan. "The Semantic Structure of Causative Constructions." Studies in Language 19, no. 2 (1995): 489–523. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.19.2.06voo.
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This paper shows that an adequate semantic analysis of causative transitive constructions with verbs like break, turn and roll has to take into account two phenomena: 1) semantic specification, and 2) change of state or accomplishment. These two phenomena are not at all specific to this type of transitive construction and, as a matter of fact, causation is nothing more than the co-occurrence of an unspecified subject and a change of state. The process leading up to this change of state is not controlled by the initiator of the event. Interestingly, absence of control occurs precisely when the subject is unspecified.
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Liu, Jun Xian, Quan Zhi Zhou, Qiong Li Liu, and Shao Peng Luo. "The Design and Implementation of the Teaching Platform of Communication Interface of a Comprehensive Communication System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 738-739 (March 2015): 1221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.738-739.1221.
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A certain type of communications system integrates various communication means and communication technology, covering more than 10 kinds of communication interfaces, which has a high demands for its maintenance and security personnel. By utilizing a variety of communication technology design and development of communication interface teaching platform detection of a comprehensive communication system, this paper solves the problems of no training facilities in the maintenance and support personnel training and non-intuitive and non-systematic testing training and so on.
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Yan, Can', and Lyubov Goncharova. "Value orientations of service communication." Scientific Research and Development. Modern Communication Studies 12, no. 1 (2023): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2587-9103-2023-12-1-60-66.
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The purpose of the study is to determine the value orientations of service communication and describe the axiological components of this type of institutional discourse. During the research, 217 texts of service communication were analyzed, including advertising messages of service companies, customer feedback, as well as information resources of websites. General scientific and linguistic research methods were used: observation, comparison and description; linguistic and extra-linguistic approaches to the lexical material, discourse analysis, contextual analysis, interpretive-contextual and lexico-semantic test analysis. 
 On the basis of the studied material three groups of values were identified, among which are natural values, determined by human standards of life, morality and ethics; pragmatic values associated with the service activity itself, the services and products produced; artificial values, positioned by service companies in connection with advertising practices and the need to attract customers.
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Guo, Yuchen. "Exploring a New Model Of College English Translation Classroom Via Natural Language Processing and Communication Technology." Scalable Computing: Practice and Experience 26, no. 3 (2025): 1348–62. https://doi.org/10.12694/scpe.v26i3.4314.
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The crucial duty of developing translation skills for China's modernization falls on higher education institutions that teach translation. Information and intelligent technology are becoming increasingly ingrained in people's lives as civilization grows and develops. In this work, we use natural language processing and communication technologies to build a new type of university English translation classroom. To address the challenge of inferring semantic implication linkages in natural language processing, we put forth a deep learning model based on semantic rounding and semantic fusing. The technique can be applied to university translation classes to help basic translation tasks with effective reading comprehension. Furthermore, we developed a wireless classroom interaction system that enables effective interoperability between teachers and students in the classroom by embedding a natural language processing model in real time. Our natural language processing model performs exceptionally well and is capable of making predictions in real time, according to experimental results. The entire solution gives universities English translation classes a whole new experience.
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Buljan, Gabrijela, and Lea Maras. "“Shall I (compare) compare thee?”." Yearbook of Phraseology 12, no. 1 (2021): 75–146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phras-2021-0005.
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Abstract This paper presents the results of a corpus-based analysis of a special type of modification of the English (as) Adj as NP similes. The modification involves filling the property slot with a cognate noun-adjective compound, i.e., a compound adjective consisting of the original adjective and the noun representing the original source of comparison, and inserting a new source of comparison into the construction (red as blood vs blood-red as a raw steak). Our data come from three sources: the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), the iWeb Corpus, and material published on the Google website. Using quantitative methods we first explored whether there is a relationship between various distributional and formal features of the “original” as-similes and their likelihood of exhibiting this type of modification behavior. We then performed a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the semantic and, to a lesser extent, discourse-related features of authentic examples of this type of modification. Our results indicate that while these modifications are not abundant, the as-similes that have been found to modify in this way are significantly different from the as-similes that have been found not to modify in this way, on a number of formal and distributional features. The analysis of the semantic and discourse-related features of the modifications themselves revealed (i) the typical semantic domains of the three nominal entities featured in the modified simile: the original source, the new source, and the target, including the semantic fit among the domains of those entities; (ii) the typical semantic domains of the properties for which the three nominal entities are compared, including the semantic fit among the domains of those properties; and (iii) the typical text varieties accommodating these modifications. The latter results confirm, and to some extent elaborate on, some earlier findings about the semantic and discourse-related profiles of similes at large.
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Ni Wayan Sukardi, Ni Made Yuliani, and Ni Komang Sutriyanti. "KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL GURU DAN MURID DALAM MENGIMPLEMENTASIKAN TRI KAYA PARISUDHA DI SANGGAR KEGIATAN BELAJAR KOTA DENPASAR." Anubhava: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi HIndu 4, no. 1 (2024): 644–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/anubhava.v4i1.2712.
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In the implementation of character education in educational institutions, interpersonal communication patterns are very important so that character education can run well. This is because each student has a different background. This research was conducted to examine the interpersonal communication of teachers and students in implementing tri kaya parisudha at the Learning Activity Center in Denpasar. The theory that underlies this research is Rational Choice Theory. This study used a qualitative approach. The type of qualitative data collected is sourced from primary and secondary data. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, documentation. The findings of the research results are that the interpersonal communication applied by the teacher to the students of the Denpasar City Learning Activity Center in forming the religious character of children is using the preservation strategy model, one-way communication and interaction communication or two-way communication. This type of communication is expected to foster student activity both in teaching and learning activities and in play activities. The obstacles encountered are mechanical constraints (mechanical, channel noise), semantic between students and teachers (semantic noise), ecological constraints in learning activities in the city of Denpasar. Quality improvement is carried out by increasing educational input, improving the quality of the educational process, improving the school environment. The implications of interpersonal communication between teachers and students in tri kaya parisudha learning in the Learning Activity Center in Denpasar city are changes in the quality of children from the cognitive aspect, changes in the quality of children from the affective aspect, changes in the quality of children from the psychomotor aspect.
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Chernobaeva, Gulnara E., and Raisa G. Bykova. "The use of multi-level marketing communications by non-network sellers of finishing materials." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Economics 22, no. 1 (2024): 70–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/1812-3988.2024.22(1).70-80.
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The decrease in the effectiveness of conventional marketing communications and the need to optimize marketing budgets require modern non-network players in the finishing materials market to take a more balanced approach to the formation of an integrated set of communication tools. Within the framework of this study, four types of marketing information transmission channels were identified. A tiered approach was used for typing, based on determining the type and number of communication intermediaries between a non-network seller and a buyer of finishing materials. A list of opportunities and threats of using a communication channel is defined for each type, which allows operationalizing the process of developing marketing communications. In order to optimize the procedure of developing a marketing communications package, lists of relevant marketing communications tools were formed, ranked by the degree of influence on sales volumes. To conduct the research, methods of included observation, survey and analysis of marketing internal reporting documents were used. The objects of observation - non-network sellers of finishing materials in the Siberian Federal District. The respondents - specialists who make decisions on the integration of marketing communications.
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Vydrin, Valentin. "Ergative/Absolutive and Active/Stative alignment in West Africa." Studies in Language 35, no. 2 (2011): 409–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.35.2.06vyd.
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It is usually believed that non-accusative alignment systems are very rare in Africa. A thorough study of the verbal systems of the Southwestern Mande languages (Looma, Mende, Kpelle) has shown that this group is an exception. The Ergative/Absolutive types of argument coding and semantic alignment are observed in these languages mainly in the personal marking on the verbs. In the Liberian dialects of Looma, only stative verbs (belonging to a closed class) show non-accusative encoding, which can be interpreted as an S-split. In Mende, an Active/Stative type of argument indexing is attested on the verbs of an open class. All the verbs in the stative/resultative/perfect construction in Northern Looma and in the stative/resultative/intensive construction in Kpelle display Ergative/Absolutive alignment.
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Kavanagh, Ryan, and Brigitte Pientka. "Message-Observing Sessions." Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages 8, OOPSLA1 (2024): 1351–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3649859.
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We present Most, a process language with message-observing session types. Message-observing session types extend binary session types with type-level computation to specify communication protocols that vary based on messages observed on other channels. Hence, Most allows us to express global invariants about processes, rather than just local invariants, in a bottom-up, compositional way. We give Most a semantic foundation using traces with binding, a semantic approach for compositionally reasoning about traces in the presence of name generation. We use this semantics to prove type soundness and compositionality for Most processes. We see this as a significant step towards capturing message-dependencies and providing more precise guarantees about processes.
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Anesa, Patrizia, and Ismael Arina Pellón. "Disseminating and Hiding Information in Technical Communication Courses: The Case of Patents from the Perspectives of Digital Humanities." HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 59, no. 1 (2019): 231–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v59i1.117041.
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Despite their ostensibly aseptic nature, technical texts involve a multifaceted net of institutional, social and pragmatic functions. Patents, in particular, are characterized by a multi-layered rhetorical exercise in which information is provided, and hidden, in light of patent disclosure lawsDrawing on the Cooperative Patent Classification scheme, a corpus of patents related to environmental issues has been compiled. The objective is to investigate the main keywords emerging in the corpus and to analyse their semantic context in this patent type. More specifically, the analysis focuses on the patents’ semantic preference and semantic prosody in order to pinpoint and examine the semantic complexities emerging in this genre and to identify the strategies employed (such as the use of linguistic vagueness) in order to provide the necessary information while not disclosing precious data.
 Patents represent a complex, hybrid and cross-disciplinary genre and a finer understanding of their discursive features may contribute to spreading awareness of the importance that semantics plays within the rhetorical pattern of the text. Therefore, they may be fruitfully employed in Technical Communication courses in order to improved reading comprehension and analytical skills.
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TRTANJ, Ivana, and Katarina DRINOVAC. "FORMATION AND SEMANTIC ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS’ VIRTUAL IDENTITIES." Lingua Montenegrina 33, no. 1 (2024): 37–60. https://doi.org/10.46584/lm.v33i1.731.
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Today’s communication can hardly be imagined without the internet which offers a new virtual world allowing us complete freedom of how we present us. The communication space on the internet is a virtual space in whi-ch communication is established by virtual identities (Filipan-Žignić 2007). An individual creates a virtual identity by presenting themselves in commu-nication with other participants in various internet services. Such identity is expressed by different linguistic and other means (most frequently by photos). Virtual identities in social media networks are established by usage of pseu-donyms, which Vuković (2007) emphasises as a special type of nicknames. A pseudonym is a nickname that individuals choose for themselves and this characteristic distinguishes it from a nickname given to individuals by other people. This paper deals with formation and semantic analysis of students’ virtual pseudonyms. The research was carried out on a sample of 102 students of all five study years at the Integrated university undergraduate and graduate Teacher studies of Faculty of education in Osijek. The aim of the research was to identify the formation processes and semantic motivation with regard to virtual pseudonyms and to establish whether the analysis can point to contem-porary trends in youth communication. The research indicates that the students use their official first and last name on Facebook, while they allow themselves more freedom and creativity on Instagram. The pseudonyms used for presenting themselves are created by two different formation processes: suffixation and clipping. Semantic analysis of the selected pseudonyms shows that students’ pseudonyms in social media are motivated by their first and last names with common usage of majuscule and mi-niscule, punctuation, numbers and letters. The pseudonyms used by the students in computer games follow a similar pattern, but they also display the tendency towards the English language and a considerable influence of pop culture. Key words: virtual identities, pseudonyms, students, formation analysis, semantic contentIvana TRTANJ & Katarina DRINOVAC
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Gustas, Remigijus. "A Look Behind Conceptual Modeling Constructs in Information System Analysis and Design." International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 1, no. 1 (2010): 79–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jismd.2010092304.
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Information systems can be conceptualized in a number of ways. Most methodologies propose to analyze separately process and data semantics by projecting them into totally different diagram types. This system analysis and design tradition is very strong in most modeling approaches such as structured analysis as well as object-oriented design. Structural and behavioral aspects are complementary. They cannot be analyzed in isolation. Lack of a conceptual modeling approach, which can be used for verification of semantic integrity among various types of diagrams, is the cornerstone of frustration for information system architects. Inconsistency, incompleteness and ambiguity of conceptual views create difficulties in verification and validation of technical system architectures by business experts, who determine the organizational strategies. Consequently, the traditional information system methodologies are not able to bridge a communication gap among business experts and IT-system designers. Various interpretations of semantic relations in conceptual modeling approaches make the system analysis and design process more art than science. It creates difficulties to formulate comprehensible principles of decomposition and separation of concerns. Unambiguous definition of aggregation and generalization is necessary for breaking down information system functionality into coherent non-overlapping components. This article concentrates on conceptual modeling enhancements, which help to avoid semantic integrity problems in conceptualizations on various levels of abstraction. The presented conceptual modeling approach is based on a single type of diagram, which can be used for reasoning on semantic integrity between business process and data across organizational and technical system boundaries.
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Borysenko, Artem. "Modern Transformation of Spatial Typology of Shopping Centers." Architecture, Civil Engineering, Environment 18, no. 1 (2025): 1–15. https://doi.org/10.2478/acee-2025-0001.
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Abstract Article focuses on the modern transformation of spatial typology of shopping centers, or malls. In light of an on-going crisis of brick-and-mortar shopping centers, accentuating visitor’s experience in their physical environment becomes a promising trend, while analysis shows that recreational communication space serves as an important factor of their modern spatial transformation. Such a space defines the mode of connection of functional parts of a shopping center, acting as the structure-forming element to a mixed-use system. It also supports non-commercial, public functions, and serves as the driver of visitor’s experience, influencing it through its architecture. Modern transformation of spatial typology of shopping centers highlights the continuing specialization of their types suitable for different roles in contemporary situations. Thus, the semantic and architectural articulation of recreational communication space in the design process is crucial for emphasizing the specifics of a particular spatial type of a modern shopping center, and can help in forming its distinct sense of place in visitor’s perception.
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Vorobyeva, E. V., and E. V. Efimeva. "Development of Speech Communication of Senior Preschool Children: Application of Correctional and Developmental Pedagogical Technologies in Moderate and Severe Mental Retardation." Innovative science: psychology, pedagogy, defectology 6, no. 6 (2024): 78–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/2658-7165-2023-6-6-78-86.
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Introduction. The article discusses correctional-developmental pedagogical technologies for the development of speech communication through the prism of speech pathology correction in preschool children with severe and moderate mental retardation. The following methods are described: fairy tale therapy, theatrical activities, mnemotechniques, logorhythmics, and computer technologies.Purpose. The study examines the components of speech communication in preschool-aged children with moderate and severe mental retardation using pedagogical technologies such as logorhythmics, theatrical activities, and computer technologies.Materials and Methods. A study was conducted involving 10 preschool-aged children with moderate and severe mental retardation attending a combined-type kindergarten. The study aimed to assess the development of the motivational, semantic, linguistic, and sensorimotor components of speech communication. Pedagogical technologies such as logorhythmics, theatrical activities, and computer technologies (developing games) were used to evaluate the manifestation of speech communication components in preschool-aged children with moderate and severe mental retardation.Results. The study involved 10 children (6 boys and 4 girls) aged 5–6 years with severe or moderate mental retardation. A confirmatory experiment was conducted to assess the semantic, linguistic, sensorimotor, and motivational components of speech communication in this group of manifestation. The study allowed us to determine that the most preserved components of speech communication in the participants of the experiment are sensorimotor and motivational, while the semantic and linguistic components of speech communication are poorly developed.Discussion. The data obtained in our study is in line with the findings of other researchers who have who have used the information and communication technologies in correctional speech therapy. The authors also emphasize the role of dialogic communication between a child and a teacher in speech development, which we have implemented at all stages of the confirmatory experiment. The results obtained are applied in correctional and developmental work.
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Zijlmans, Lidy, Roeland van Hout, and Marc van Oostendorp. "Do writing performance and examination grading correlate in an EMI university setting?" Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 11, no. 2 (2022): 171–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2022-2084.
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Abstract We studied German students’ academic writing skills in English at a Dutch university. Their performances are typical examples of English as a lingua franca (ELF) as these students are non-native users of English evaluated by subject lecturers who are non-native users as well. Our database is a corpus of written answers to an open examination question in the context of an EMI (English Medium Instruction) bachelor in psychology. We aimed to detect those characteristics in this specific type of discourse that may affect the comprehensibility of the students’ answers, which in turn may have consequences for their grading by the course lecturer. English language experts assigned Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) levels and commented on grammar, use of (academic) vocabulary, and text coherence. First, we correlated the grades assigned by the course lecturer and the CEFR levels. There was no correlation. Second, we analyzed the linguistic comments. We found that academic style was poorly present in this type of text. Importantly, we found no proof of communicative blockings or obstacles related to English proficiency levels between the student writer and the lecturer reader. We conclude that informed content interpretation based on contextual appropriateness of the answers overrules grammatical and lexical non-standard characteristics and outweighs the lack of semantic coherence.
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Ardila, Alfredo. "A Proposed Neurological Interpretation of Language Evolution." Behavioural Neurology 2015 (2015): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/872487.
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Since the very beginning of the aphasia history it has been well established that there are two major aphasic syndromes (Wernicke’s-type and Broca’s-type aphasia); each one of them is related to the disturbance at a specific linguistic level (lexical/semantic and grammatical) and associated with a particular brain damage localization (temporal and frontal-subcortical). It is proposed that three stages in language evolution could be distinguished: (a) primitive communication systems similar to those observed in other animals, including nonhuman primates; (b) initial communication systems using sound combinations (lexicon) but without relationships among the elements (grammar); and (c) advanced communication systems including word-combinations (grammar). It is proposed that grammar probably originated from the internal representation of actions, resulting in the creation of verbs; this is an ability that depends on the so-called Broca’s area and related brain networks. It is suggested that grammar is the basic ability for the development of so-called metacognitive executive functions. It is concluded that while the lexical/semantic language system (vocabulary) probably appeared during human evolution long before the contemporary man (Homo sapiens sapiens), the grammatical language historically represents a recent acquisition and is correlated with the development of complex cognition (metacognitive executive functions).