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Journal articles on the topic 'Non Solvent'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Vaibhav Gulabrao Bhamare, Renuka Ravindra Joshi, Mayur Sakharam Gangurde, and Vijay V Pawar. "Theoretical consideration of solubility by Hildebrand solubility approach." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 3 (2021): 528–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2021.12.3.0680.

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Pharmaceutical field is widely focusing on solubility parameter models to select solvent or non-solvent that can enhance solvency of drug. Solubility Parameter is very useful concept in understanding the mechanism of solvent and solvency behavior with their applications in pharmaceuticals to open the door of research having focus on theoretical considerations of solubility. Hildebrand and Hansen Solubility Parameter are frequently used to identify solvents.

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2

Vaibhav, Gulabrao Bhamare, Ravindra Joshi Renuka, Sakharam Gangurde Mayur, and V. Pawar Vijay. "Theoretical consideration of solubility by Hildebrand solubility approach." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 12, no. 3 (2021): 528–41. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5813923.

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Pharmaceutical field is widely focusing on solubility parameter models to select solvent or non-solvent that can enhance solvency of drug. Solubility Parameter is very useful concept in understanding the mechanism of solvent and solvency behavior with their applications in pharmaceuticals to open the door of research having focus on theoretical considerations of solubility. Hildebrand and Hansen Solubility Parameter are frequently used to identify solvents.

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3

Winterton, Neil. "The green solvent: a critical perspective." Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy 23, no. 9 (2021): 2499–522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10098-021-02188-8.

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AbstractSolvents are important in most industrial and domestic applications. The impact of solvent losses and emissions drives efforts to minimise them or to avoid them completely. Since the 1990s, this has become a major focus of green chemistry, giving rise to the idea of the ‘green’ solvent. This concept has generated a substantial chemical literature and has led to the development of so-called neoteric solvents. A critical overview of published material establishes that few new materials have yet found widespread use as solvents. The search for less-impacting solvents is inefficient if car

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4

Roy, J. L., and W. B. McGill. "Flexible conformation in organic matter coatings: An hypothesis about soil water repellency." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 80, no. 1 (2000): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s98-093.

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Some soils develop severe water repellency several years or decades following oil contamination. We previously reported that soil water repellency is completely eliminated by extraction with amphiphilic solvents, but barely reduced by extraction with nonpolar solvents. We report here on solvent-induced reversible soil water repellency. Our results indicate that: (i) water repellency is completely eliminated following extraction with amphiphilic solvent, but partially restored following subsequent exposure to nonpolar, non-H-bonding solvent; (ii) extraction with nonpolar, non-H-bonding solvent

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5

Singh, Swapnil, Mateusz Majer, Mirosław Antoni Czarnecki, Yusuke Morisawa, and Yukihiro Ozaki. "Solvent Effect on Assembling and Interactions in Solutions of Phenol: Infrared Spectroscopic and Density Functional Theory Study." Applied Spectroscopy 76, no. 1 (2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00037028211052302.

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This work provides new insight into assembling of phenol in various solvents and competition between different kinds of interactions. To examine both weak and strong interactions, we selected a series of non-aromatic and aromatic solvents. Infrared spectra were measured at low (0.05 M) and high (2 M) phenol content. In addition, we performed density functional theory calculations of the structures and harmonic vibrational spectra of 1:1 complexes of phenol with the solvents and the associates of phenol from dimer to tetramer. Based on these results, we divided the solvents into three groups. T

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6

Roux, Denis C. D., Isabelle Jeacomine, Guillaume Maîtrejean, François Caton, and Marguerite Rinaudo. "Characterization of Agarose Gels in Solvent and Non-Solvent Media." Polymers 15, no. 9 (2023): 2162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15092162.

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Agarose is known to form a homogeneous thermoreversible gel in an aqueous medium over a critical polymer concentration. The solid-liquid phase transitions are thermoreversible but depend on the molecular structure of the agarose sample tested. The literature has mentioned that agarose gels could remain stable in non-solvents such as acetone or ethanol. However, there has been no characterization of their behavior nor a comparison with the gels formed in a good solvent such as water. In the first step of this article, the structure was characterized using 1H and 13C NMR in both D2O and DMSO-d6

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7

Renkecz, Tibor, Krisztina László, and Viola Horváth. "Molecularly imprinted microspheres prepared by precipitation polymerization at high monomer concentrations." Molecular Imprinting 2, no. 1 (2014): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/molim-2014-0001.

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AbstractHighly crosslinked polymer microparticles have been prepared by precipitation polymerization using high monomer loadings (≥25 v/v %) which generally would lead to bulk monoliths. The microparticle format was achieved by the use of non-solvating diluents either alone or in combination with co-solvents. Two distinct morphologies were observed. Monodisperse smooth microspheres were obtained using a thermodynamically good co-solvent whereas segmented irregular particles were formed with poorer co-solvents. It has been found that during polymerization the forming polymer particles were enri

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8

Rêgo, Marco Antônio V. "Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma risk derived from exposure to organic solvents: a review of epidemiologic studies." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 14, suppl 3 (1998): S41—S66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x1998000700006.

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The rate of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) has increased around the world during the last decades. Apart from the role of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the development of NHL, exposure to chemical agents like phenoxyacetic pesticides, hair dyes, metal fumes and organic solvents are suspected to be involved. The present review evaluates the results of studies that directly or indirectly searched for an association between solvent exposure and NHL. The selected studies comprised those published from 1979 to 1997, designed to investigate risk factors for NHL, whether specific

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9

Bouda, Karel, Anna Fučíková, Jakub Pšenčík, and Jan Alster. "Solvent signals in two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy." AIP Advances 12, no. 11 (2022): 115306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0098952.

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We report on properties of non-resonant signals of several commonly used solvents in two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy. The signals can be split into three types with different evolution in population time: an initial, rather strong coherent spike with non-periodic oscillatory phase behavior, periodic oscillatory signals mostly connected to Raman-active vibrational modes of the solvents and non-oscillatory long lived signals. The relative amplitudes of the contributions depend on the solvent. We propose a simple model for predicting spectral positions of the non-resonant solvent signals.

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10

Kocak, Guler, Desta Gedefaw, and Mats Andersson. "Optimizing Polymer Solar Cells Using Non-Halogenated Solvent Blends." Polymers 11, no. 3 (2019): 544. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11030544.

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More environmentally friendly polymer solar cells were constructed using a conjugated polymer, poly (2,5-thiophene-alt-4,9-bis(2-hexyldecyl)-4,9-dihydrodithieno[3,2-c:3′,2′h][1,5] naphthyridine-5,10-dione, PTNT, as a donor material in combination with PC71BM as an acceptor in a bulk heterojunction device structure. A non-halogenated processing solvent (o-xylene) and solvent additives that are less harmful to the environment such as 1-methoxynaphthalene (MN) and 1-phenylnaphthalene (PN) were used throughout the study as processing solvents. The most widely used halogenated solvent additives (1,

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11

Migliozzi, Simona, Giovanni Meridiano, Panagiota Angeli, and Luca Mazzei. "Investigation of the swollen state of Carbopol molecules in non-aqueous solvents through rheological characterization." Soft Matter 16, no. 42 (2020): 9799–815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0sm01196g.

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Swelling of Carbopol particles depends on the ionization degree induced by the solvent. In co-solvents, the one with the greatest permeability preferentially penetrates the network yielding the same final dimension obtained with that solvent alone.

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12

Shabanian, Meisam, Hassan Moghanian, Mohsen Hajibeygi, and Azin Mohamadi. "Theoretical Investigation of Solvation Effects on the Tautomerism of Maleic Hydrazide." E-Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 1 (2012): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/976161.

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A DFT study is used to calculate structural data of tautomers of maleic hydrazide (MH) in the gas phase and selected solvents such as benzene (non-polar solvent), tetrahydrofuran (polar aprotic solvent) and methanol (protic solvent), dimethyl sulfoxide (polar aprotic solvent) and water (protic solvent) using PCM model. All tautomers are optimized at the B3LYP/6−31++G(d,p). The results show that the tautomer MH2except in methanol is more stable than the other tautomers but in methanol MH5(Diol) is more stable. In addition, stability of the tautomers in deferent solvents shows interesting result

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13

Wijaya, Emmy C., Frances Separovic, Calum J. Drummond, and Tamar L. Greaves. "Micelle formation of a non-ionic surfactant in non-aqueous molecular solvents and protic ionic liquids (PILs)." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 35 (2016): 24377–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp03332f.

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Micelle formation of a non-ionic amphiphile, C<sub>12</sub>E<sub>6</sub>, was investigated in a diverse range of molecular solvents and protic ionic liquids (PILs). A link between the solvent cohesive energy density and the free energy of micellization was discussed.

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14

Abboud, J. L. M., and R. Notari. "Critical compilation of scales of solvent parameters. Part I. Pure, non-hydrogen bond donor solvents." Pure and Applied Chemistry 71, no. 4 (1999): 645–718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac199971040645.

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Introduction and Fundamental ConceptsIt has long been known that solvents often affect chemical reactivity, this involving, e.g., the shift of the position of chemical equilibria (thermodynamic aspect) as well as significant changes in reaction rate constants (kinetic aspect). Physical properties, particularly the frequencies and intensities of transitions in IR, UV-visible, fluorescence, NMR and ESR spectroscopies are also known to be affected by solvents.These phenomena are consequences of differences in the solvation of reagents and products (thermodynamic effects) or reagents and activated

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15

Shim, Hyunjin, and Hongkee Sah. "Qualification of Non-Halogenated Organic Solvents Applied to Microsphere Manufacturing Process." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 5 (2020): 425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12050425.

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As a non-halogenated dispersed solvent, ethyl acetate has been most commonly used for the manufacturing of poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) microspheres. However, ethyl acetate-based microencapsulation processes face several limitations. This study was aimed at proposing ethyl formate as an alternative. Evaluated in this study was the solvent qualification of ethyl formate and ethyl acetate for microencapsulation of a hydrophobic drug into PLGA microspheres. An oil-in-water emulsion solvent extraction technique was developed to load progesterone into PLGA microspheres. Briefly, right after

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16

Lee, Yongchul, Dongil Ho, Federica Valentini, et al. "Improving the charge transport performance of solution-processed organic field-effect transistors using green solvent additives." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 9, no. 46 (2021): 16506–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1tc03782j.

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Green solvent additives were employed as non-solvents in binary solvent systems to enable the pre-aggregation of organic semiconductors and enhance the electrical performance of organic field-effect transistors and complementary-like inverters.

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17

Soh, Young Soo, Jeong Ho Kim, and Carl C. Gryte. "Phase behaviour of polymer/solvent/ non-solvent systems." Polymer 36, no. 19 (1995): 3711–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(95)93774-g.

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18

Perkins, Mark J., Leslie P. Silva, and Vaughan S. Langford. "Evaluation of Solvent Compatibilities for Headspace-SIFT-MS Analysis of Pharmaceutical Products." Analytica 4, no. 3 (2023): 313–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/analytica4030024.

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Procedures for determination of the residual solvent and volatile impurity content in pharmaceutical products usually rely on dissolution in a solvent, followed by headspace-gas chromatography (HS-GC) analysis. Whereas chromatographic systems can utilize a wide variety of solvents, direct-injection mass spectrometry (DIMS) techniques have fewer solvent options, because elimination of the chromatographic column means that the instrument is more susceptible to saturation. Since water has the lowest impact, it has almost always been the default solvent for DIMS. In this study, selected ion flow t

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19

Chen, Mei, Tongtong Jin, Binbin Nian, and Wenjun Cheng. "Solvent Tolerance Improvement of Lipases Enhanced Their Applications: State of the Art." Molecules 29, no. 11 (2024): 2444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29112444.

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Lipases, crucial catalysts in biochemical synthesis, find extensive applications across industries such as food, medicine, and cosmetics. The efficiency of lipase-catalyzed reactions is significantly influenced by the choice of solvents. Polar organic solvents often result in a decrease, or even loss, of lipase activity. Conversely, nonpolar organic solvents induce excessive rigidity in lipases, thereby affecting their activity. While the advent of new solvents like ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents has somewhat improved the activity and stability of lipases, it fails to address the fun

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20

Roux, Denis C. D., François Caton, Isabelle Jeacomine, Guillaume Maîtrejean, and Marguerite Rinaudo. "Reversibility in the Physical Properties of Agarose Gels following an Exchange in Solvent and Non-Solvent." Polymers 16, no. 6 (2024): 811. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16060811.

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Agarose forms a homogeneous thermoreversible gel in an aqueous solvent above a critical polymer concentration. Contrary to the prevailing consensus, recent confirmations indicate that agarose gels are also stable in non-solvents like acetone and ethanol. A previous study compared gel characterisations and behaviours in water and ethanol, discussing the gelation mechanism. In the current work, the ethanol gel is exchanged with water to explore the potential reversibility of the displacement of water in agarose. Initially, the structure is characterised using 1H NMR in DMSO-d6 and D2O solvents.

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21

Dong, Xiaobo, David Lu, Tequila A. L. Harris, and Isabel C. Escobar. "Polymers and Solvents Used in Membrane Fabrication: A Review Focusing on Sustainable Membrane Development." Membranes 11, no. 5 (2021): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050309.

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(1) Different methods have been applied to fabricate polymeric membranes with non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) being one of the mostly widely used. In NIPS, a solvent or solvent blend is required to dissolve a polymer or polymer blend. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), dimethylacetamide (DMAc), dimethylformamide (DMF) and other petroleum-derived solvents are commonly used to dissolve some petroleum-based polymers. However, these components may have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, using greener and less toxic components is of great interest for increasing

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22

Nick Pace, C., Saul Treviño, Erode Prabhakaran, and J. Martin Scholtz. "Protein structure, stability and solubility in water and other solvents." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences 359, no. 1448 (2004): 1225–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1500.

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Proteins carry out the most difficult tasks in living cells. They do so by interacting specifically with other molecules. This requires that they fold to a unique, globular conformation that is only marginally more stable than the large ensemble of unfolded states. The folded state is stabilized mainly by the burial and tight packing of over 80% of the peptide groups and non–polar side chains. If life as we know it is to exist in a solvent other than water, the folded state must be stable and soluble in the new solvent. Our analysis suggests that proteins will be unstable in most polar solvent

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23

Wulandari, Resa, Edi Pramono, Sun Theo Constan Lotebulo Ndruru, et al. "Effects of Temperature, Molecular Weight, and Non-Solvent Variation on the Physical Properties of PVDF Membranes Prepared through Immersion Precipitation." Jurnal Kimia Sains dan Aplikasi 27, no. 1 (2024): 35–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jksa.27.1.35-44.

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Research on porous membrane technology is proliferating, especially in the process of fabrication of membranes. Different methods in membrane fabrication can affect the physical and chemical properties of the produced membrane. This study aims to investigate the influence of temperature, molecular weight, and non-solvent type on the physical-chemical properties of PVDF membranes. The membrane was produced by the immersion precipitation method with varying PVDF molecular weights of 64 kDa, 352 kDa (Solef 1010), 534 kDa, and 573 kDa (Solef 1015); non-solvent variations of alcohol (methanol, etha

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24

Kobayashi, Midori, Yuya Kigawa, Keiichi Satoh, and Kiyoshi Sawada. "Solvent effect on the aggregation of amphiphilic phthalocyanines substituted by polyethyleneoxide." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 16, no. 02 (2012): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424612004513.

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Metal-free and copper(II) tetra-β-polyethyleneoxide-substituted phthalocyanine derivatives, TDEO6-MPc, where polyethylene oxide derivative is hexaethyleneglycolmonododecylether (DEO6), were synthesized. Those compounds are soluble in both lipophilic and hydrophilic solvents. By taking advantage of this amphiphilic property, solvent effect on the aggregation of the phthalocyanine was studied by means of UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies. Dimerization constants of TDEO6-MPc in non-coordinating solvents were determined by the concentration dependence of absorption spectra. Aggrega

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25

Carré, Patrick, Sebastian Berthold, Thomas Piofczyk, Sarah Bothe, and Sara Hadjiali. "Solvent solutions: comparing extraction methods for edible oils and proteins in a changing regulatory landscape. Part 1: Physical-properties." OCL 31 (2024): 31. https://doi.org/10.1051/ocl/2024027.

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In the context of potential regulatory changes, this study compares the properties of various solvents for the extraction of edible oils. The solvents considered are hexane isomers, alcohols, ketones, ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and 2-methyloxolane. The study presents a detailed table of physical properties for each solvent, including boiling point, density, vapour pressure, flash point and miscibility with water. It also addresses chemical stability, reactivity and potential interactions of these solvents with oilseeds. Particular attention is given to solvent-substrate interactions measur

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26

Jiang, Wei Hui, Si Cheng, Qing Xia Zhu, and Jian Min Liu. "Effects of Solvents on Synthesis and Dispersion of Zircon Powder via Non-Hydrolytic Sol-Gel Route." Key Engineering Materials 512-515 (June 2012): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.512-515.54.

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Zircon nano–powder has been synthesized via the non-hydrolytic sol–gel route, using industral zirconium tetrachloride (ZrCl4) and tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) as precursors, lithium fluoride (LiF) as mineralizer, PEG1000 as dispersant. The effects of solvents on the synthesis and dispersion of zircon nano-powder were investigated by means of XRD and TEM. The results indicate that the aprotic solvent N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) is not conducive to the nucleophilic substitution reaction, which directly affect the zircon synthesis, and the particles are easy to agglomerate due to the large surface

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27

Lupacchini, Massimiliano, Andrea Mascitti, Guido Giachi, et al. "Sonochemistry in non-conventional, green solvents or solvent-free reactions." Tetrahedron 73, no. 6 (2017): 609–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tet.2016.12.014.

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28

Ukai, Hirohiko, Hajime Samoto, Yasuhiro Nagasawa, Fumiko Ohashi, and Masayuki Ikeda. "Shift to non-aromatic solvents in solvent workplaces in Japan." Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine 19, no. 3 (2014): 245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12199-014-0383-9.

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29

Nyamiati, Retno Dwi, Siti Nurkhamidah, Yeni Rahmawati, and Wahyu Meka. "Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies in Cellulose Acetate-Polybutylene Succinate(CA-PBS)/Single Solvent/Water System for Desalination Membrane." Eksergi 20, no. 1 (2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.31315/e.v20i1.8820.

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The most important part of the membrane synthesis process so that it has the desired pores is the solidification process of the membrane, the process begins with a change from one liquid phase into two liquid phases (liquid-liquid demixing). At a certain period during demixing, the polymer-rich phase solidifies; thus, a dense membrane matrix is formed. Parameters that determine the mechanism of membrane formation are based on thermodynamics including phase separation of Solvent-Polymer-Non-solvent which is explained through a phase diagram (Flory-Huggins Theory). This study aims to determine t

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30

Swinyard, Brian T., and James A. Barrie. "Phase separation in non-solvent/dimethylformamide/polyethersulphone and non-solvent/dimethylformamide/polysulphone systems." British Polymer Journal 20, no. 4 (1988): 317–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pi.4980200403.

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31

Papadakis, Raffaello. "Chromotropism of Iron(II) Complexes with Non-Symmetric Heterocyclic Ligands: Polarity Sensing in Aqueous Urea Solutions." Nanomaterials 15, no. 8 (2025): 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15080598.

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This study reports the synthesis and characterization of two solvatochromic pentacyanoferrate(II) complexes. Their structural design incorporates ligands with flexible xylylene bridges and distinct heterocycles—one combining 4-dimethylaminopyridine (DMAP) with 4,4′-bipyridine, and the other isoquinoline with 4,4′-bipyridine. Their structural diversity enables the complexes to engage in a broad range of solvent–solute interactions, providing valuable insights into the behavior of solvents and media with regard to polarity, through sizable solvatochromic shifts. Their solvatochromism is examined

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32

BIMAN, BAGCHI. "Effect of Non-equilibrium Solvation Dynamics on Photochemical Reactions in Solution." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 63, Jan 1986 (1986): 168–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6255852.

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Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-SO 012 In many photochemical (or photophysical) reactions in solution, the electronic relaxation rate is of the same order of magnitude as the solvent relaxation rate. In such a situation the electronic relaxation rate may depend critically on the details of the solvent relaxation. Recent picosecond laser spectroscopy experiments have unambiguously showed the importance of such solvation dynamics and have revealed qualitatively several new aspects of solvent effects. Some of these effects cannot be explained by t

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Palvanov, Narbek Sapaevich, and Adolat Farkhadovna Tillayeva. "Electrometric determination of cu (ii) cations, Zn (ii) and Cr (iii) in aqueous, water-non-aqueous and mixed solutions." American Journal Of Biomedical Science & Pharmaceutical Innovation 5, no. 2 (2025): 29–33. https://doi.org/10.37547/ajbspi/volume05issue02-08.

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This work presents the results of the potentiometric determination of aqueous, non-aqueous and mixed solvents of copper (II), zinc (II) and chromium (III) cations: (propanol-2, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, carbon tetrachloride, dimethylformamide) and their mixtures with water in a ratio of 1:1 and 1:19 by volume, the ratios of acid-base titrations are given. The quantitative results of the titration on a per kilote basis for the indicated cations Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cr3+ are based on the acidity constants of these cations assessed in the solvent environment specified above. The influence

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34

S. Sabry, Raad. "Study the Effect of Solvent / Non-solvent on Polycarbonate." American Journal of Nanosciences 3, no. 3 (2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ajn.20170303.15.

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35

Hanna, Salim Y., Moafaq Y. Shandala, and Salim M. Khalil. "Solvent Effects on OH Stretching Frequencies for 3-Arylallyl Alcohols." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 59, no. 11 (2004): 804–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-2004-1114.

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Eight 3-arylallyl alcohols were prepared, and their OH stretching frequencies were measured in twenty non-HBD solvents at room temperature. The observed stretching bands were highly sensitive to the nature of the solvents. Multiple parameter equations were applied to investigate the solvent effect on the O-H stretching frequency. The most significant solvent parameters were the nucleophilicity parameter and the Gutmann donor number, while the electrophilicity parameter was not significant

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36

Spange, Stefan. "Polarity of Organic Solvent/Water Mixtures Measured with Reichardt’s B30 and Related Solvatochromic Probes—A Critical Review." Liquids 4, no. 1 (2024): 191–230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/liquids4010010.

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The UV/Vis absorption energies (νmax) of different solvatochromic probes measured in co-solvent/water mixtures are re-analyzed as a function of the average molar concentration (Nav) of the solvent composition compared to the use of the mole fraction. The empirical ET(30) parameter of Reichardt’s dye B30 is the focus of the analysis. The Marcus classification of aqueous solvent mixtures is a useful guide for co-solvent selection. Methanol, ethanol, 1,2-ethanediol, 2-propanol, 2-methyl-2-propanol, 2-butoxyethanol, formamide, N-methylformamide (NMF), N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), N-formylmorpholin

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Arun, Kumar Sharma*1 Shema Khan2 &. Rashmi Sharma3. "VISCOMETRIC BEHAVIOUR AND MICELLAR STUDIES OF CU (II) SURFACTANT DERIVED FROM NEEM (AZADIRECTAINDICA)) OIL IN METHANOL-BENZENE MIXTURE AT 298.15 K." GLOBAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND RESEARCHES [FRTSSDS-18] (June 13, 2018): 9–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1288395.

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Density of complexes have been measured in various concentrations and by using density data, the molar volume and apparent molar volume have been evaluated in order to determine the critical micelle concentration (CMC). Viscosity and other parameters of Cu (II) surfactant derived from karanj oil in non-aqueous solvents of varying composition has been determined at constant temperature 298.15K. The synthesize surfactants were characterized by IR NMR and Elemental analysis. In the present work, benzene and methanol have been chosen as the co-solvent as mixed solvents have tendency to interact wi

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38

Romay, Marta, Nazely Diban, and Ane Urtiaga. "Thermodynamic Modeling and Validation of the Temperature Influence in Ternary Phase Polymer Systems." Polymers 13, no. 5 (2021): 678. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13050678.

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The effect of the temperature, as a process variable in the fabrication of polymeric membranes by the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique, has been scarcely studied. In the present work, we studied the influence of temperature, working at 293, 313 and 333 K, on the experimental binodal curves of four ternary systems composed of PVDF and PES as the polymers, DMAc and NMP as the solvents and water as the non-solvent. The increase of the temperature caused an increase on the solubility gap of the ternary system, as expected. The shift of the binodal curve with the temperature wa

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Siplivy, Nickolay, and Anatoly Ivanov. "Features of the Electronic Structure of Excited Quadrupolar Molecules in Non-Polar Solvents." Mathematical Physics and Computer Simulation, no. 2 (July 2021): 68–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/mpcm.jvolsu.2021.2.6.

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Interactions of the electronic subsystem of the quadrupolar fluorophore with intramolecular highfrequency antisymmetric vibrations and solvent polarization are responsible for charge transfer symmetry breaking (SB), which is observed after optical excitation of such molecules in polar solvents. It is known that although these two interactions are mathematically described in similar ways, only the interaction of the fluorophore with solvent orientational polarization can create a state with broken symmetry if this interaction is strong enough. Nevertheless, the interaction of a quadrupolar fluo

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Ramkrishna, Pramanik, and Bagchi Sanjib. "Study of solvation interaction in ethanol + octan-1-ol mixture." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 80, Apr 2003 (2003): 335–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5839610.

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Department of Chemistry, Burdwan University, Burdwan-713 104, India <em>E-mail:</em> bsanjibb@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 20 September 2002</em> Solvation characteristic of 2,6-diphenyl-4-(2,4,6-triphenyl)-1-pyridinium phenolate, the indicator solute for the<strong> </strong><em>E</em><sub>T</sub> (30) scale of solvent polarity, has been studied as a function of solvent composition in the temperature range 293-313 K by monitoring the solvatochromic charge transfer band of the solute. The results, indicating preferential solvation of the solute by ethanol, have been analyzed in terms of a

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Buchori, Luqman. "PEMBUATAN GULA NON KARSINOGENIK NON KALORI DARI DAUN STEVIA." Reaktor 11, no. 2 (2007): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.11.2.57-60.

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Stevia merupakan bahan pemanis selain tebu dengan kelebihan tingkat kemanisan 200 – 300 kali dari gula tebu dan diperoleh dari estrak daun stevia. Pembuatan gula stevia dilakukan dengan metode ekstraksi untuk mengambil stevioside kemudian dipekatkan dengan cara evaporasi lalu dikristalisasi sehingga diperoleh kristal stevioside. Dalam penelitian ini dicari pengaruh suhu (45°C; 50°C; 55°C), pengaruh waktu ekstraksi (1 ; 1,5 ; 2 jam), serta pengaruh jenis solvent yang digunakan (metanol, etanol, aseton) terhadap berat gula yang didapatkan. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa semakin tinggi suh

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Closca, V., N. Puica-Melniciuc, M. Closca, I. M. Avadanei, and D. O. Dorohoi. "Spectral Study of (4´-Phenyl)-1,2,4-Triazol-1-Ium-Phenacylid (PTPhY) in Ternary Solutions." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 63, no. 7 (2018): 592. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe63.7.592.

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The molecule of (4 ′-phenyl)-1,2,4-triazol-1-ium-phenacylid (PTPhY) is studied in two types of ternary solutions. In the first category, the binary solvent contains two hydroxyl miscible liquids, and the second one contains one protic and one non-protic solvents. The potential energy in pairs of the type hydroxyl solvent-ylid is estimated in the frame of the statistical cell model of ternary solutions. From the viewpoint of interactions in the first ylid solvation shell, the statistical average weight of the active solvent differs from its molar fraction in the binary solvent.

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Thavornpradit, Sopida, James M. Killough, and David E. Bergbreiter. "Minimizing solvent waste in catalytic reactions in highly recyclable hydrocarbon solvents." Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry 18, no. 22 (2020): 4248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ob00734j.

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This paper describes chemistry using organocatalysts in hydrocarbon solvents that minimizes solvent waste by using inexpensive, non-volatile, relatively inflammable, and easily recyclable poly(α-olefin)s (PAOs) as hydrocarbon solvents.

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Mochizuki, Kenji, Tomonari Sumi, and Kenichiro Koga. "Influence of co-non-solvency on hydrophobic molecules driven by excluded volume effect." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 35 (2017): 23915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cp04152g.

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Lu, Ping, Peizhuo Sun, Qiang Ma, et al. "Rationally Designed Ternary Deep Eutectic Solvent Enabling Higher Performance for Non-Aqueous Redox Flow Batteries." Processes 10, no. 4 (2022): 649. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10040649.

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Redox flow batteries hold promise as large-scale energy storage systems for off-grid electrification. The electrolyte is one of the key components of redox batteries. Inspired by the mechanism involved in solvents for extraction, a ternary deep eutectic solvent (DES) is demonstrated, in which glycerol is introduced into the original binary ethaline DES. Redox pairs (active substance) dissolved in the solvent have low charge transfer resistance. The results show that the viscosity of the solvent with the ratio of choline chloride to ethylene glycol to glycerol of 1:2:0.5 decreases from 51.2 mPa

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Golzardi, Maryam, and Una Glamočlija. "Solubility of phytochemicals and challenges in in vitro studies: a literature review." Periodicals of Engineering and Natural Sciences (PEN) 13, no. 2 (2025): 417–24. https://doi.org/10.21533/pen.v13.i2.456.

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Poor solubility remains a critical barrier in the in vitro evaluation of phytochemicals, many of which are hydrophobic and difficult to dissolve in aqueous media. This review explores the physicochemical factors influencing phytochemical solubility, emphasizing the role of solvent properties such as polarity, proximity, and cytotoxicity. Commonly used solvents—including polar protic, polar aprotic, and non-polar solvents —are discussed concerning their solubilizing capacity and compatibility with biological systems. Solvent-induced changes in membrane dynamics and cytotoxic profiles are also e

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Mygind, Jon Bjarke Valbaek, Jakob Kibsgaard, and Ib Chorkendorff. "Hydrogen Oxidation in Non-Aqueous Media: Exploring Proton Mediation." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 57 (2025): 2761. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01572761mtgabs.

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Non-aqueous electrolytes offer significant advantages in electrochemical systems by mitigating hydrogen evolution reaction selectivity issues. Thus, they show promise for applications such as lithium- or calcium-mediated nitrogen reduction [1, 2] and carbon dioxide electrolysis [3]. However, sustaining these systems requires a viable anodic process, such as the hydrogen oxidation reaction, which remains underexplored in non-aqueous media. A few studies exist in solvents like acetonitrile and tetrahydrofuran [4,5,6], but each non-aqueous solvent behaves differently, and the proton mediation pat

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Laelasari, Tia, Ghofaro Nurul Azzahro, Muhammad Zein Latif, and Himyatul Hidayah. "The Pharmacological Activity of Jamblang Plant (Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels) Based on Solvent Polarity: A Systematic Literature Review." Eureka Herba Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2023): 295–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/ehi.v4i3.86.

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In recent years, there has been growing interest in the potential medicinal benefits of Syzygium cumini. This is due in part to the plant's rich content of antioxidants, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals. These compounds have been shown to have a variety of beneficial effects, including antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer properties. The solvent plays an important role in the extraction of compounds from Syzygium cumini. This study aimed to conduct a systematic review to explore the potential of jamblang plants (Syzygium cumini) based on solvent polarity. The literature search

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Harvey, Jacob A., Charles J. Pearce, Morgan G. Hall, Eric J. Bruni, Jared B. DeCoste, and Dorina F. Sava Gallis. "Insights into the solvent-assisted degradation of organophosphorus compounds by a Zr-based metal–organic framework." Dalton Transactions 48, no. 43 (2019): 16153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt03710a.

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Rahayu, Sri, Noor Amaliah, and Raudatul Patimah. "UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN TABAT BARITO (Ficus deltoidea) TERHADAP BAKTERI Bacillus substillis DENGAN TINGKATAN POLARITAS PELARUT." Jurnal Riset Kefarmasian Indonesia 4, no. 1 (2022): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33759/jrki.v4i1.229.

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Tabat barito leaf (Ficus deltoidea) is a single leaf of a sole form, the leaf has round tip with a flat edge and a pointed base. These leaves have a smooth surface, coloured green above and brownish yellow beneath. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of polar, semi-polar and non-polar compounds contained in Tabat barito leaf extract extracted with solvents of different polarity. The highest bacterial inhibition was also measured against Bacillus substillis which is a gram-positive bacterial. The maceration method uses 3 levels of solvents with different polarities, started

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